炎陵县2024年高二普通高中学业水平合格性摸底考试
英语
第一部分 阅读技能 (共两节; 满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解 (共12小题; 每小题3分, 满分36分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Arriving at London Gatwick
Distance(距离) from central London: 28 miles/45 km
For travel information call: +44 (0)870 000 24 68.
How to get to the city centre
By train
The Gatwick Express goes from Gatwick Airport to London Victoria train and underground station in central London.
Trains go every 15 minutes and the journey to central London takes half an hour.
First Class tickets cost 25 (single), 48 (return).
Express Class costs 17 (single), 29 (return).
Southern Trains services run four times an hour to Victoria with a journey time of around 35 minutes.
By taxi
There are taxis outside the airport day and night. The journey to central London takes 55-70 minutes. A London taxi takes up to 5 people.
The average(平均)cost from the airport to central London is 75- 100.
By car
Gatwick Airport is 28 miles (45 km) south of London. There are 4 car parks next to the airport and there are car rental (租赁) offices open from 8:00 to 18:00. The journey to London takes 60-75 minutes.
All cars pay a special 8 charge(收费) to go into central London.
By bus
National Express and EasyBus have services to central London. EasyBus services go every 20 minutes. The journey takes one hour and costs 2.
There is one National Express bus an hour. The journey takes 90 minutes and costs 7.60.
1. Someone in a hurry to Victoria station had better travel _____.
A. by train B. by car
C. by taxi D. by bus
2. What does traveling by taxi and car have in common
A. They cost the same. B. They're available at any time.
C. They require a special E 8 charge. D. They take a similar period of time.
3. Which of the following goes three times an hour
A. Gatwick Express. B. National Express.
C. Easy Bus. D. Southern Trains.
4. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A short notice. B. A travel guide.
C. A city introduction. D. A TV advertisement.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，为来伦敦旅游的人介绍了从盖特威克机场到伦敦市中心的几种交通方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据By train部分中的“The Gatwick Express goes from Gatwick Airport to London Victoria train and underground station in central London”及“Trains go every 15 minutes and the journey to central London takes half an hour.”可知，盖特威克快车从盖特威克机场到伦敦维多利亚火车站和伦敦市中心的地铁站，每15分钟开一班，全程仅需半小时，再对比其他三种交通方式的耗时可知，乘火车去伦敦市中心是最快的，因此如果你着急赶往维多利亚车站的话，最好乘盖特威克快车，故A项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据By taxi部分中的“The journey to central London takes 55-70 minutes.”及By car部分中的“The journey to London takes 60-75 minutes.”可知，打车和开私家车从盖特威克机场到伦敦市中心用的时间差不多——一个小时左右，故D项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据By bus部分中的“EasyBus services go every 20 minutes.”可知，易巴每20分钟发一趟（一小时发三趟），故C项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据正文上面的“For travel information call: +44 (0)870 000 24 68”可知，文章为来伦敦旅游的人介绍了从盖特威克机场到伦敦市中心的几种交通方式，这属于旅游范畴，因此文章最有可能出自于旅游指南，故B项正确。
B
There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting.
When my friend Lily from London used the word “larder”, I didn’t know what it meant. Realizing I didn’t follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food. The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar. If she called me on the phone, she would ring me up. But if the line was busy, she would say the line was engaged.
Most times, I can know what Lily means. Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those. Other times, we have to ask each other. She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed. I wondered what had made the lady angry. It turns out that pissed means drunk.
Here is one more example. My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store recently. She asked the young man if he had a rubber. When she noticed he didn’t follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber.
In order to communicate well with the British, we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently. And I think people who learn English as a second language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.
5. When Lily used the word “larder”, she was probably looking for a ________.
A. cup B. ladder
C cupboard D. cooker
6. What does the underlined phrase “jotted down” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Wrote down B. Left behind
C. Looked for D. Settled down
7. Last week, Lily regretted sending her boys to watch a tennis game mainly because ________.
A. she thought the game was boring
B. she wanted to spend time with her boys
C. she didn’t dress her boys in thick clothes
D. her boys got lost
8. According to the passage, in British English ________.
A. the word “pissed” means “angry”
B. the word “jacket” is often used
C. the word “engaged” means “tired”
D. the word “rubber” means “eraser”
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过生活中的一些例子告诉我们英式英语和美式英语中一些词在使用上的差异。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food”可知，Lily在寻找一个可以储存食物的东西，cupboard（橱柜）符合要求，故C项正确。
【6题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据画线词后面的“in her diary”以及“while I marked my calendar”可知，Lily把约会和时间记在了日记本上。由此可知，画线词词义为“记下，写下”，故A项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“an early morning tennis game”和“I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those”可推断，Lily后悔送她的孩子们去看网球比赛是因为她没给孩子们穿厚一点的衣服，故C项正确。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber”可知，eraser在英国被叫做rubber，故D项正确。
C
Doctor Eleanor Love knows that weddings create a lot of leftover (遗留) flowers, and that means more chances for her to collect the after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely hospital patients, many of whom don’t often get visitors, not to mention expensive flowers. The flowers are still in good shape, and the patients are very happy to have them.
Love worked at the Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital as a medical student. She wondered how she could help relieve (减轻) their suffering and how to treat them as a student doctor.
“One of the challenges of being a medical student is that it can be very difficult to contribute to the care team,” said Love. “You are there as a learner, but you want to make an impact on your patients, and you don’t have the same knowledge as physicians. How can I at this stage in my training make an impact on patients ”
So in 2022, she started The Simple Sunflower in Richmond, and so far she has delivered more than 760 bunches of flowers to patients. She brought fellow students and other people into her project, and now has more than 200 volunteers on the email list. When Love began the project, she called businesses such as wedding venues (场馆) and florists and asked them what events were scheduled. For each wedding, she organized a team of eight volunteers who helped pick up the flowers when the party was over and then spent time delivering them to individual patients.
People beyond the VCU community have heard about Love’s project and got involved.
“It’s so satisfying to see the patients who receive our flowers,” she said. “It reminds me why we do what we do.”
9. Why did Eleanor Love collect the flowers
A. To sell them to volunteers. B. To treat patients’ diseases.
C. To decorate a wedding venue. D. To help relieve the patients’ suffering.
10. From Paragraph 4 we know that ___________.
A. Eleanor Love started The Simple Sunflower in 2022
B. Eleanor Love became a student doctor in Richmond
C. 200 volunteers were needed for each wedding
D. 760 bunches of flowers were bought for patients
11. Which of the following can best describe Eleanor Love
A. Humorous. B. Warm-hearted. C. Honest. D. Strict.
12. What is the best title for the passage
A. No Pain, No Gain B. Hard Work Leads to Success
C. Deliver Flowers, Deliver Love D. Love Me, Love My Dog
【答案】9. D 10. A 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述一个叫的Eleanor Love医学生收集婚礼结束后剩下的鲜花并把它们送给生病住院的病人，让他们可以减轻病痛的故事。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Doctor Eleanor Love knows that weddings create a lot of leftover (遗留) flowers, and that means more chances for her to collect the after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely hospital patients, many of whom don’t often get visitors, not to mention expensive flowers. The flowers are still in good shape, and the patients are very happy to have them. (Eleanor Love医生知道婚礼会留下很多剩花，这意味着她有更多的机会收集婚礼后的鲜花，并将其送给孤独的医院病人，他们中的许多人不经常接待访客，更不用说昂贵的鲜花了。这些花的形状仍然很好，病人们很高兴拥有它们。)”和第二段“Love worked at the Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital as a medical student. She wondered how she could help relieve (减轻) their suffering and how to treat them as a student doctor. (Love是弗吉尼亚联邦大学医院的一名医学生。她想知道如何帮助减轻他们的痛苦，以及作为一名实习医生如何对待他们。)”可知，Love收集婚礼上剩下的鲜花并把它们送给病人是为了减轻病人的痛苦。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“So in 2022, she started The Simple Sunflower in Richmond (因此，在2022年，她在里士满创办了The Simple Sunflower)”可知，在2022年，Love在里士满创办了The Simple Sunflower。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Love worked at the Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital as a medical student. She wondered how she could help relieve (减轻) their suffering and how to treat them as a student doctor. (Love是弗吉尼亚联邦大学医院的一名医学生。她想知道如何帮助减轻他们的痛苦，以及作为一名实习医生如何对待他们。)”可知，Love是一个很有爱心的人。故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Doctor Eleanor Love knows that weddings create a lot of leftover (遗留) flowers, and that means more chances for her to collect the after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely hospital patients, many of whom don’t often get visitors, not to mention expensive flowers. The flowers are still in good shape, and the patients are very happy to have them. (Eleanor Love医生知道婚礼会留下很多剩花，这意味着她有更多的机会收集婚礼后的鲜花，并将其送给孤独的医院病人，他们中的许多人不经常接待访客，更不用说昂贵的鲜花了。这些花的形状仍然很好，病人们很高兴拥有它们。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述一个叫的Eleanor Love医学生收集婚礼结束后剩下的鲜花并把它们送给生病住院的病人，让他们可以减轻病痛的故事。C选项“递送鲜花，传递爱意”符合题意。故选C。
第二节 小标题填空 (共3小题; 每小题3分, 满分9分)
Chocolate is good for your heart, skin and brain. Usually, people think that chocolate is bad for their health. They describe chocolate as “something to die for” or say “death by chocolate”. Now they should bite their tongues! Evidence(证据)is showing that some kinds of chocolate are actually good for you in the following ways:
______13______
Scientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoa—the main ingredient(成分)in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heart.
Better blood pressure
Jeffrey Blumberg from Tufts University recently found that people with high blood pressure who ate 3.5 ounces(盎司) of dark chocolate per day for two weeks saw their blood pressure drop quickly.
Muscle magic
._____14_____.In a small study at Indiana University, people who drank chocolate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports drinks.
_____15_____
German researchers found that chocolate helped protect and increase blood flow to the skin, improving its appearance.
A. Better for your skin
B. A happier heart
C. Chocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout
D. Look after your appearance
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巧克力对你的心脏、皮肤和大脑都有好处。
【13题详解】
由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Scientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoa—the main ingredient(成分)in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heart.”（哈佛大学的科学家们最近研究了136项关于可可的研究，发现可可是巧克力的主要成分，它似乎确实能增强心脏功能。）可知，讲的是巧克力确实能增强心脏功能。结合选项B项A happier heart（一颗更快乐的心。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选B项。
【14题详解】
根据下文“In a small study at Indiana University, people who drank chocolate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports drinks.”（在印第安纳大学的一项小型研究中，在运动间隙喝巧克力牛奶的人比喝运动饮料的人在疲劳测试中表现更好。）可知，讲的是巧克力牛奶比运动饮料更利于恢复疲劳。结合选项C项Chocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout.（巧克力牛奶可以帮助你在剧烈运动后恢复。）和下文内容一致，下文是对空格处内容的具体解释，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【15题详解】
由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“German researchers found that chocolate helped protect and increase blood flow to the skin, improving its appearance.”（德国研究人员发现，巧克力有助于保护和增加皮肤的血液流动，改善皮肤的外观。）可知，讲的是巧克力对皮肤的好处。结合选项A项Better for your skin.（对皮肤更好）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。
第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was a smartphone addict. The first thing I did when I woke up was reach for my _____16_____. However, sometimes I sensed that I could have done something more _____17_____ than just looking at a tiny screen all day. Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to _____18_____ the habit.
Then the day came when I finally _____19_____ I had to make a change. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly killing me! At that very moment, I made up my mind to spend a whole _____20_____ without my smartphone.
The first day was the _____21_____. I kept reaching for my pocket, for my smartphone that was not there. I felt lost and anxious. Then somehow I began to feel free. I ____22____ the classic novel I had always wanted to read. I kept a journal of my feelings, thoughts and daily activities to see how much progress I was making. ____23____, I began to appreciate the beauty in ____24____ with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera.
By the end of the week, I almost did not _____25_____ to turn my phone back on. Those seven days have given me a great appreciation for life beyond the screen- a life, richer and more beautiful.
16. A. novel B. smartphone C. journal D. camera
17. A. meaningful B. comfortable C. difficult D. stressful
18. A. share B. develop C. quit D. acquire
19. A. realized B. suggested C. admitted D. agreed
20. A. hour B. day C. week D. month
21. A. happiest B. best C. busiest D. hardest
22. A. made up B. picked up C. gave away D. took away
23. A. Usually B. Generally C. Probably D. Finally
24. A. music B. science C. life D. work
25. A. want B. agree C. hesitate D. fail
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者本来是个对智能手机上瘾的人，但是一次因为专心看手机而导致差一点被撞死，让作者意识到要放下手机并且坚持一周不拿手机，最后，作者感受到了生活的美好。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我醒来后做的第一件事就是伸手去拿我的智能手机。A. novel小说；B. smartphone智能手机；C. journal日志；D. camera照相机。根据上文“I was a smartphone addict.”可知，作者是个智能手机迷，所以醒来后做的第一件事就是伸手去拿智能手机。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时我感觉到，我本可以做一些比整天看着一个小屏幕更有意义的事情。A. meaningful有意义的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. difficult困难的；D. stressful有压力的。根据下文“than just looking at a tiny screen all day”可知，作者认为他可以做比只看手机更有意义的事情。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：养成这个习惯很容易，但改掉这个习惯很难。A. share分享；B. develop发展；C. quit放弃；D. acquire获得。根据上文“but”可知，上下文是转折关系，所以应该是养成这个习惯很容易，但改掉这个习惯很难。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，我终于意识到我必须做出改变。A. realized意识到；B. suggested建议；C. admitted承认；D. agreed同意。根据下文“I had to make a change”可知，这是作者自己意识到的事情。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我下定决心整整一周都不带智能手机。A. hour小时；B. day天；C. week周；D. month月。根据下文“By the end of the week, I almost did not ____10____ to turn my phone back on. Those seven days have given me a great appreciation for life beyond the screen- a life, richer and more beautiful.”可知，作者决定一周不拿手机。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天是最难的。A. happiest最高兴的；B. best最好的；C. busiest最忙的；D. hardest最难的。根据下文“I kept reaching for my pocket, for my smartphone that was not there. I felt lost and anxious. Then somehow I began to feel free.(我不停地伸手去掏口袋，找我不在的智能手机。我感到迷茫和焦虑。然后不知怎么的，我开始觉得自由了。)”可知，第一天是最不好过的。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拿起了我一直想读的那本经典小说。A. made up编造；B. picked up拿起；C. gave away赠送；D. took away拿走。根据下文“the classic novel I had always wanted to read”可知，作者是拿起他一直想读的书开始阅读了。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我开始用自己的眼睛欣赏生活中的美丽，而不是通过智能手机的相机。A. Usually经常；B. Generally大体上；C. Probably可能；D. Finally最后。根据下文“I began to appreciate the beauty in ____9____ with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera.”提到作者开始用自己的眼睛欣赏生活中的美丽，而不是通过智能手机的相机，可知，这是作者最后的变化。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. music音乐；B. science科学；C. life生活；D. work工作。根据下文“Those seven days have given me a great appreciation for life beyond the screen- a life, richer and more beautiful.(这七天让我对屏幕之外的生活充满了感激——一种更丰富、更美好的生活)”可知，作者应该是用自己的眼睛去欣赏生活中的美。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了周末，我几乎不想再打开手机了。A. want想；B. agree同意；C. hesitate犹豫；D. fail失败。根据下文“to turn my phone back on”结合上文提到了作者开始学会欣赏生活中的美，可知打开手机成了作者不想做的事情。故选A。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
Luo Yan and his wife and son travelled back to their hometown for the Spring Festival. Their journey ____26____(be) a long and tiring one just a few years ago. However, the high-speed train has made it more convenient for them ___27___(go) back home. During the trip, they chatted excitedly, missing their sweet home.
On their arrival, they found Luo’s parents eagerly waiting for ____28____(they). Their home had been ____29____(special) decorated for the joyous festival. ____30____ five o’clock on the Chinese New Year’s Eve, the dinner table was already covered with white china plates and ____31____ (bowl), full of all kinds of dishes. After dinner, they made dumplings, ____32____ are prepared for the very start of the new year.
With midnight ____33____ (approach), Luo Yan took his parents, wife and son outside to set off firecrackers. The whole village was lit up with ____34____(color) fireworks. All over _____35_____ country, people were celebrating their good fortune, their family’s togetherness, and their nation’s strength.
【答案】26. was
27. to go 28. them
29. specially
30. At 31. bowls
32 which 33. approaching
34. colorful
35. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述罗炎和妻子，孩子回家过春节的事情。
【26题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：就在几年前，他们的旅程是漫长而疲惫的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有a few years ago作时间状语，所以描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时，主语是journey，be动词用was。故填was。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，高铁让他们回家更加方便。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里的it是形式宾语，后面用动词不定式作真正的宾语。故填to go。
【28题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们一到，就发现罗父母正翘首以待。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要代词宾格，作宾语。故填them。
【29题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们的家为这个欢乐的节日做了特别的装饰。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，修饰动词decorated。故填specially。
【30题详解】
考查介词。句意：大年三十下午五点钟，餐桌上已经摆满了白色的瓷盘和碗，摆满了各种各样的菜。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格后面是具体的时刻，前面用介词at，位于句首，首字母大写。故填At。
【31题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里用名词复数，表示泛指。故填bowls。
【32题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：晚饭后，他们包了饺子，这是为新年伊始准备的。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词dumplings在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【33题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：临近午夜，罗炎带着父母、妻子和儿子外出燃放鞭炮。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词approach是被修饰的名词midnight主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，表示主动，作补语。故填approaching。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：整个村庄都被五颜六色的烟花照亮了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作定语，修饰后面的名词fireworks。故填colorful。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在全国各地，人们都在庆祝他们的好运、家人的团聚和国家的强大。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语all over the country，意为“全国各地”。故填the。
第三部分 写作技能 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
If you are to live a happy life, you must set a good goal for it. The following suggestions may help you. ____36____
First, set goals that can be achieved. You should set goals based on your abilities and skills. This makes you more confident. ____37____ Then, break big goals down into small ones. When you do so, they will seem easier to reach. You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal. ____38____ This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal. 最后，将你的目标写在纸上. ____39____ It’s a good idea to put your goals where you can see them. This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused.
Goals are dreams that need action. You may find achieving goals difficult. 但你不应该放弃. ____40____ You will succeed in the end.
【答案】36. 以下建议可能会对你有所帮助。
37. 这可以让你更加自信。
38. 当你实现每一个小目标时，你都会为自己感到骄傲。
39. Finally, write your goals on paper.
40. But you shouldn’t give up.
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍为了过上幸福生活而要设定一个好的目标的方法。
【36题详解】
考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是简单主谓宾结构。主语是The following suggestions“以下建议”，谓语是may help“可能会帮助”，宾语是you“你”。故本句可译为：以下建议对你有所帮助。
【37题详解】
考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是主谓宾宾补结构。主语是This“这”，谓语是makes“使”，宾语是you“你”，宾补是more confident“更加自信”。故本句可译为：这可以让你更加自信。
【38题详解】
考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是主系表结构，从句是主谓宾结构。主句主语是You“你”，will be是系动词“将会”，主句表语是形容词proud“骄傲的”，of yourself“为你自己”是介词短语，作状语。从句主语是you“你”，从句谓语是realize“实现”，从句宾语是each small goal“每一个小目标”。故本句可译为：当你实现每一个小目标时，你都会为自己感到骄傲。
【39题详解】
考查名词，动词，代词，副词，介词，短语和时态。表示“最后”应用副词finally；表示“你的”应用形容词性物主代词your；表示“目标”应用名词goal的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“写”应用动词write；表示“在纸上”应用介词短语on paper；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话要用祈使句的结构。故翻译为Finally, write goals on paper.
【40题详解】
考查代词，动词，连词，短语和时态。表示“但”应用连词but；表示“你”应用代词you；表示“不应该”应用情态动词shouldn’t；表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为But you shouldn’t give up.
第二节 情景作文 (共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是张明，你的好朋友Jim在面对即将到来的考试时感到焦虑不已，晚上睡眠不好，严重影响了生活和学习，为此他写了一封电子邮件向你求助。请根据以下要点，用英语给他回一封电子邮件。
1.表示理解；
2.制定复习计划,树立信心；
3.坚持锻炼身体;睡前喝点牛奶,保持好的睡眠；
4. ……
注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
I am sorry to hear that you feel so nervous before the coming exam that you can’t sleep well at night.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【答案】
Dear Jim,I am sorry to hear that you feel so nervous before the coming exam that you can’t sleep well at night. Don’t worry and I’m writing to give you some suggestions.
First, it’s necessary to make careful plans before exams to master what you have learnt completely. It will help you build up your confidence. Second, you’d better do proper exercise regularly, which will help you keep healthy and energetic. Last, don’t stay up late studying. Drinking a glass of milk before you go to bed can improve your sleep. It is very important to have a good sleep at night if you want to be energetic during the day.
I hope my suggestions can help you reduce the pressure of exams and perform well in them.
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的好朋友Jim在面对即将到来的考试时感到焦虑不已，晚上睡眠不好，严重影响了生活和学习，为此他写了一封电子邮件向你求助。请你用英语给他回一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestions→ advice
重要的：important → vital
压力：pressure→ stress
精力充沛的：energetic→ vigorous
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Don’t worry and I’m writing to give you some suggestions.
拓展句：Don’t worry and I’m writing to give you some suggestions, which can help you solve the problem.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Second, you’d better do proper exercise regularly, which will help you keep healthy and energetic.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】It is very important to have a good sleep at night if you want to be energetic during the day.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）炎陵县2024年高二普通高中学业水平合格性摸底考试
英语
第一部分 阅读技能 (共两节; 满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解 (共12小题; 每小题3分, 满分36分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Arriving at London Gatwick
Distance(距离) from central London: 28 miles/45 km
For travel information call: +44 (0)870 000 24 68.
How to get to the city centre
By train
The Gatwick Express goes from Gatwick Airport to London Victoria train and underground station in central London.
Trains go every 15 minutes and the journey to central London takes half an hour.
First Class tickets cost 25 (single), 48 (return).
Express Class costs 17 (single), 29 (return).
Southern Trains services run four times an hour to Victoria with a journey time of around 35 minutes.
By taxi
There are taxis outside the airport day and night. The journey to central London takes 55-70 minutes. A London taxi takes up to 5 people.
The average(平均的)cost from the airport to central London is 75- 100.
By car
Gatwick Airport is 28 miles (45 km) south of London. There are 4 car parks next to the airport and there are car rental (租赁) offices open from 8:00 to 18:00. The journey to London takes 60-75 minutes.
All cars pay a special 8 charge(收费) to go into central London.
By bus
National Express and EasyBus have services to central London. EasyBus services go every 20 minutes. The journey takes one hour and costs 2.
There is one National Express bus an hour. The journey takes 90 minutes and costs 7.60.
1. Someone in a hurry to Victoria station had better travel _____.
A. by train B. by car
C. by taxi D. by bus
2. What does traveling by taxi and car have in common
A. They cost the same. B. They're available at any time.
C. They require a special E 8 charge. D. They take a similar period of time.
3. Which of the following goes three times an hour
A. Gatwick Express. B. National Express.
C. Easy Bus. D. Southern Trains.
4. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A short notice. B. A travel guide.
C. A city introduction. D. A TV advertisement.
B
There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting.
When my friend Lily from London used the word “larder”, I didn’t know what it meant. Realizing I didn’t follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food. The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar. If she called me on the phone, she would ring me up. But if the line was busy, she would say the line was engaged.
Most times, I can know what Lily means. Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those. Other times, we have to ask each other. She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed. I wondered what had made the lady angry. It turns out that pissed means drunk.
Here is one more example. My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store recently. She asked the young man if he had a rubber. When she noticed he didn’t follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber.
In order to communicate well with the British, we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently. And I think people who learn English as a second language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.
5. When Lily used the word “larder”, she was probably looking for a ________.
A. cup B. ladder
C. cupboard D. cooker
6. What does the underlined phrase “jotted down” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Wrote down B. Left behind
C. Looked for D. Settled down
7. Last week, Lily regretted sending her boys to watch a tennis game mainly because ________.
A. she thought the game was boring
B. she wanted to spend time with her boys
C she didn’t dress her boys in thick clothes
D. her boys got lost
8. According to the passage, in British English ________.
A. the word “pissed” means “angry”
B. the word “jacket” is often used
C. the word “engaged” means “tired”
D. the word “rubber” means “eraser”
C
Doctor Eleanor Love knows that weddings create a lot of leftover (遗留) flowers, and that means more chances for her to collect the after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely hospital patients, many of whom don’t often get visitors, not to mention expensive flowers. The flowers are still in good shape, and the patients are very happy to have them.
Love worked at the Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital as a medical student. She wondered how she could help relieve (减轻) their suffering and how to treat them as a student doctor.
“One of the challenges of being a medical student is that it can be very difficult to contribute to the care team,” said Love. “You are there as a learner, but you want to make an impact on your patients, and you don’t have the same knowledge as physicians. How can I at this stage in my training make an impact on patients ”
So in 2022, she started The Simple Sunflower in Richmond, and so far she has delivered more than 760 bunches of flowers to patients. She brought fellow students and other people into her project, and now has more than 200 volunteers on the email list. When Love began the project, she called businesses such as wedding venues (场馆) and florists and asked them what events were scheduled. For each wedding, she organized a team of eight volunteers who helped pick up the flowers when the party was over and then spent time delivering them to individual patients.
People beyond the VCU community have heard about Love’s project and got involved.
“It’s so satisfying to see the patients who receive our flowers,” she said. “It reminds me why we do what we do.”
9. Why did Eleanor Love collect the flowers
A. To sell them to volunteers. B. To treat patients’ diseases.
C. To decorate a wedding venue. D. To help relieve the patients’ suffering.
10. From Paragraph 4 we know that ___________.
A. Eleanor Love started The Simple Sunflower in 2022
B. Eleanor Love became a student doctor in Richmond
C. 200 volunteers were needed for each wedding
D. 760 bunches of flowers were bought for patients
11. Which of the following can best describe Eleanor Love
A. Humorous. B. Warm-hearted. C. Honest. D. Strict.
12. What is the best title for the passage
A. No Pain, No Gain B. Hard Work Leads to Success
C. Deliver Flowers Deliver Love D. Love Me, Love My Dog
第二节 小标题填空 (共3小题; 每小题3分, 满分9分)
Chocolate is good for your heart, skin and brain. Usually, people think that chocolate is bad for their health. They describe chocolate as “something to die for” or say “death by chocolate”. Now they should bite their tongues! Evidence(证据)is showing that some kinds of chocolate are actually good for you in the following ways:
______13______
Scientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoa—the main ingredient(成分)in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heart.
Better blood pressure
Jeffrey Blumberg from Tufts University recently found that people with high blood pressure who ate 35 ounces(盎司) of dark chocolate per day for two weeks saw their blood pressure drop quickly.
Muscle magic
._____14_____.In a small study at Indiana University people who drank chocolate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports drinks.
_____15_____
German researchers found that chocolate helped protect and increase blood flow to the skin, improving its appearance.
A. Better for your skin
B. A happier heart
C. Chocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout
D. Look after your appearance
第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was a smartphone addict. The first thing I did when I woke up was reach for my _____16_____. However, sometimes I sensed that I could have done something more _____17_____ than just looking at a tiny screen all day. Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to _____18_____ the habit.
Then the day came when I finally _____19_____ I had to make a change. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly killing me! At that very moment, I made up my mind to spend a whole _____20_____ without my smartphone.
The first day was the _____21_____. I kept reaching for my pocket, for my smartphone that was not there. I felt lost and anxious. Then somehow I began to feel free. I ____22____ the classic novel I had always wanted to read. I kept a journal of my feelings, thoughts and daily activities to see how much progress I was making. ____23____, I began to appreciate the beauty in ____24____ with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera.
By the end of the week, I almost did not _____25_____ to turn my phone back on. Those seven days have given me a great appreciation for life beyond the screen- a life, richer and more beautiful.
16. A. novel B. smartphone C. journal D. camera
17 A. meaningful B. comfortable C. difficult D. stressful
18. A. share B. develop C. quit D. acquire
19. A. realized B. suggested C. admitted D. agreed
20. A. hour B. day C. week D. month
21. A. happiest B. best C. busiest D. hardest
22. A. made up B. picked up C. gave away D. took away
23. A. Usually B. Generally C. Probably D. Finally
24. A. music B. science C. life D. work
25. A. want B. agree C. hesitate D. fail
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
Luo Yan and his wife and son travelled back to their hometown for the Spring Festival. Their journey ____26____(be) a long and tiring one just a few years ago. However, the high-speed train has made it more convenient for them ___27___(go) back home. During the trip, they chatted excitedly, missing their sweet home.
On their arrival, they found Luo’s parents eagerly waiting for ____28____(they). Their home had been ____29____(special) decorated for the joyous festival. ____30____ five o’clock on the Chinese New Year’s Eve, the dinner table was already covered with white china plates and ____31____ (bowl), full of all kinds of dishes. After dinner, they made dumplings, ____32____ are prepared for the very start of the new year.
With midnight ____33____ (approach), Luo Yan took his parents, wife and son outside to set off firecrackers. The whole village was lit up with ____34____(color) fireworks. All over _____35_____ country, people were celebrating their good fortune, their family’s togetherness, and their nation’s strength.
第三部分 写作技能 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
If you are to live a happy life, you must set a good goal for it. The following suggestions may help you. ____36____
First, set goals that can be achieved. You should set goals based on your abilities and skills. This makes you more confident. ____37____ Then, break big goals down into small ones. When you do so, they will seem easier to reach. You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal. ____38____ This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal. 最后，将你的目标写在纸上. ____39____ It’s a good idea to put your goals where you can see them. This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused.
Goals are dreams that need action. You may find achieving goals difficult. 但你不应该放弃. ____40____ You will succeed in the end.
第二节 情景作文 (共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是张明，你的好朋友Jim在面对即将到来的考试时感到焦虑不已，晚上睡眠不好，严重影响了生活和学习，为此他写了一封电子邮件向你求助。请根据以下要点，用英语给他回一封电子邮件。
1.表示理解；
2.制定复习计划,树立信心；
3.坚持锻炼身体;睡前喝点牛奶,保持好的睡眠；
4. ……
注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
I am sorry to hear that you feel so nervous before the coming exam that you can’t sleep well at night.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Zhang Ming
