大庆中学 2023--2024 学年度下学期开学考试
高二年级英语试题
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the weather be like this afternoon
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
2. Who is the woman probably
A. A teacher. B. A musician. C. An actress.
3. What is the woman going to do most probably
A. Go on a trip. B. Have a rest. C. Prepare a meal.
4. What time did Jane get off the plane
A. At 10: 00. B. At 10: 30. C. At 11: 00.
5. What are the speakers doing
A. Eating in a restaurant. B. Doing some shopping. C. Cooking dinner.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a store. B. In a company. C. At home.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Clean the carpet. B. Have a meeting C. Move a table.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. Why does the girl want to go to the library
A. To write her term paper there.
B To borrow some new books.
C. To find some books about grammar.
9. When does the library close
A. At 5 pm. B. At 5:30 pm. C. At 6 pm.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Librarian and student. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. When will the physics test be
A. Tomorrow. B. In one week. C. In two weeks.
12. What is the woman like
A. Hard-working. B. Energetic. C. Clever.
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The better way to prepare for a test.
B. The approach to staying focused on study.
C. The importance of a good night’s sleep.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. Why does the man choose a staycation
A. It saves time. B. It is relaxing. C. It is cheap.
15. What transportation will the woman choose
A. The plane. B. The train. C. The car.
16. What is the woman going to do
A. Relax on the beach. B. Do some research on art. C. Enjoy Italian culture.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What is the new way to compete
A. Exploring space. B. Doing well in sports. C. Planting trees.
18. How long will the campaign last
A. Five months. B. Seven months. C. Ten months.
19. What does the speaker think of Ethipia’s campaign
A. It’s environmentally friendly.
B. It’s as competitive as sports.
C. It requires the least time to carry out.
20. When did Indians break their own record
A. In 2016. B. In 2017. C. In 2019.
第二部分 词义辨析(共 25 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 25 分)
1. I think we should work out some _________ to deal with this situation.
A. signals B. strategies C. aspects D. factors
2. After reading the letter, she _________ it to pieces and threw them into the fire.
A. bore B. wore C. tore D. wove
3. They showed great_________ in the face of difficulty.
A. insurance B. atmosphere C. misadventure D. perseverance
4. Good teachers have _________ into the problems of students.
A. entrance B. insight C. instance D. interaction
5. Instead of following the normal_________, he did it in a quite different way.
A. procedure B. capability C. declaration D. evolution
6. _________ importance, English is as important as Chinese.
A. In addition to B. In terms of C. In advance of D. In aid of
7. With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, many students are under pressure from heavy study _________.
A. load B. shade C. gravity D. desire
8. With a label _________ to each piece of luggage, it is easy for passengers to recognize their own luggage.
A. attracted B. attacked C. attained D. attached
9. After climbing to the top of Mount Tai, Allan_________ all his energy and decided to have a rest.
A. confirmed B. confused C. consumed D. conducted
10. The twins are so alike that no one can_________ one from the other.
A. distinguish B. dismiss C. distribute D. disturb
11. He renounced his claim to the_________.
A. threat B. cruelty C. property D. apology
12. As soon as that thought_________ to him, he felt worse.
A. preferred B. occurred C. referred D. transferred
13. You may imagine what great difficulty I had expressing_________ ideas in simple English.
A. complicated B. constant C. competitive D. common
14. The _________ drawn from the facts did sound very reasonable.
A. contract B. contact C. conclusion D. context
15. Replacement is_________ if the products are not up to the standard.
A. criticized B. revealed C. released D. guaranteed
16. The brain accounts for_________ three percent of body weight.
A. rarely B. merely C. vividly D. gradually
17. We all breathed a sigh of_________ when he left.
A. belief B. relief C. proof D. grace
18. The ball was in the possession of their_________ for most of the match.
A. philosophy B. tournament C. opponent D. association
19. The_________ of a balanced diet and regular exercise is the key to enjoying good health.
A. competition B. inspiration C. innovation D. combination
20. The artist was very proud of his_________ and called it the best painting that he had ever done.
A. creativity B. creation C. creator D. creature
21. Professor Smith is very kind. You can turn to him for help as long as he is_________.
A. admirable B. adjustable C. available D. convenient
22. I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times, resulting in a_________ attitude towards everything and everyone.
A. prosperous B. beneficial C. harmonious D. suspicious
23. They are not made of_________ leather, which give off bad smell.
A flexible B. genuine C. steady D. massive
24. Huawei mobile phone is easy to operate, which can run several_________ at the same time.
A. negotiations B. qualifications C. applications D. exhibitions
25. Whenever you buy a present, you should think about it according to the receiver’s_________.
A. rejection B. radiation C. dependence D. preference
第三部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Summer Camps
Mountain Camp
PO Box 1348, Pollock Pines, CA 95726, U.S.
Phone: 415-351-2267
Mountain Camp is a traditional camp experience on a beautiful high Sierra lake. The program is for children aged seven to seventeen. Campers enjoy different activities, spending one and a half hours every day at each of our three areas: waterfront, outdoor activity area and indoor activity area.All areas have many program activities including mountain biking, traveling on a ship, wind surfing,drama, dance, waterskiing. etc.
Astrocamp Virginia 8144 Mount Laurel Road, Clover, VA 24534, U.S.
Phone: 800-645-1423
Astrocamp Virginia is a physical science and adventure summer camp. Campers come each summer to have fun and get hands-on science training while taking part in a lot of activities!Astrocamp is a STEM program that pushes campers to deepen their understanding of science by taking part in space exploration, playing in advanced labs, building and launching rockets, and searching the night sky.
Talisman Camp
64 Gap Creek Rd, Zirconia, NC 28790, U.S.Phone: 828-697-6313
Our camp program helps children with autism or other mental problems to develop physical and social ability in an environment that encourages and supports self-direction. We believe that every child wants to do well, and that every child has unigue power, advantages and views on life. We’ll use different tools to guide them to achieve their goals.
Birchwood Camp 12586 Gunflint Trail, Slip 85, Grand Marais, MN 55604, U.S.
Phone: 218-388-4402
We only accept between 35 and 45 campers (boys aged 7-17) every school year. At Birchwood,we keep our campsite screen-free so we can focus on the things we value most: connection, self-discovery and a sense of shared purpose. Each week, campers get to choose a wilderness trip to goon, which needs about 3 to 5 days.
26. Which number should you call if you want to learn about the science-focused camp
A. 415-351-2267. B. 800-645-1423.
C. 828-697-6313. D. 218-388-4402.
27. Which program is suitable for teenagers with special needs
A. Mountain Camp. B. Astrocamp Virginia.
C. Talisman Camp. D. Birchwood Camp.
28. What do Mountain Camp and Birchwood Camp have in common
A. They only accept boys. B. They have age requirements.
C. They hope campers learn to share. D. They offer campers water activities.
B
Growing up, Danielle Belleny was always outdoors, picking up insects and investigating the animal world on her own. She hadn’t yet heard of wildlife biology, but that’s what she was learning about. She wanted to be a vet, a person who can treat sick or injured animals, at first. She said, “I always knew I wanted to work with animals, and as a kid，that was the only job I knew where I could do that.” But when Belleny was in college, her dad advised her to learn wildlife biology instead of veterinary.
Later, Belleny started working on research projects. One project involved placing trackers on a bird called the northern bobwhite. For another, she spent time herding goats, as a way to protect a grass habitat for endangered box turtles (龟) without hurting them.
Belleny’s working at Plateau Land &. Wildlife Management. “In the mornings, I’m usually out the door before sunrise,” she says. She surveys birds, keeping track of different species. And she searches for signs of what other animals in the area are doing. Around lunchtime, she’ll return home and write up a report. In the afternoon, she leaves for another site visit. Landowners can request her services. She advises people on how to protect the wildlife that lives on their farm. Her work takes her all around Texas.
Outside of work, young Belleny has been bird-watching for seven years. Her first book This Is a Book for People Who Love Birds was published in May, 2022. Now she’s working on a children’s book about birding, which is scheduled to come out in fall 2023. Belleny has some advice for young people thinking about careers. “Try everything you’re interested in through books and libraries. If you’re into wildlife biology, go to a library and find some field guides. After learning much information, you can do research work more easily.
29. What did Belleny want to do at the very beginning
A. Working as a vet. B. Protecting wildlife.
C. Watching birds daily. D. Looking after goats.
30. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Belleny
A. Her field work. B. Her link with animals.
C. Her research reports. D. Her services to farmers.
31. What does Belleny advise the young to do
A. Love nature and animals. B. Make good use of libraries.
C. Write more animal books. D. Go into biological research.
32. What can we learn from the Belleny’s story
A. Curious minds never feel satisfied. B. It pays off to put theory into practice.
C. Interest is the best teacher in your life. D. Career choices should be made earlier.
C
The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed in this way because threats like dangerous animal, have a more immediate effect on people's survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you clearly know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy
Research suggests that our level of happiness is partly shaped by the choices we make. If you've been chasing wealth, fame, power and some material things, you may be looking for happiness in the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits can make people happier.
People who own close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of our friends is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships that bring happiness usually consist of the sharing of feelings, acceptance, mutual respect and trust.
People who exercise regularly can improve both their physical and mental well-being. Some research has shown that exercise can be as effective as some medicine in treating depression.
If we are so interested in an activity, we may lose track of time, and we can be in a state of flow. The activity could be playing the piano, surfing the Internet or playing a game. People who experience flow in their work or life tend to be happier.
People are more likely to be happy if they know what their strengths are and can use them regularly. People are especially happy when they can set goals and use their strengths to achieve them.
People, who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic, are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful. Being mindful means considering, focusing on, and enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.
33. Human brains remember negative things more easily because negative things_________.
A. tend to affect human survival immediately
B. are much more important than other thing
C. can make people live much happier
D. are easy to remember
34. According to this passage, people may find happiness in______________
A. being famous B. setting life goals
C. chasing power D. earning money
35. In the last paragraph, the author tries to tell us to____________.
A. think more about our future
B. focus on everything in our life
C. be positive in our life and work
D. only enjoy the present moment
36. What does the passage mainly want to tell us
A. Why people remember positive things easily.
B. Why people remember negative things easily.
C. What makes people happy.
D. What makes people sad.
D
Most people hate mosquitoes — but scientists are about to build a “mosquito factory” to release modified (改良的) mosquitoes.
The modified mosquitoes carry a bacterium called Wolbachia pipientis (沃尔巴克氏菌), which can be naturally found in most insect species. However, it’s rarely discovered in mosquitoes. “We actually grow these mosquitoes that contain the bacterium,” Scott O’Neill, an Australian scientist involved in the project, told CBC News. When the modified mosquitoes are released, they slowly spread the bacterium to the population.
Several studies have demonstrated the insects’ success. For example, a controlled experiment in Indonesia showed that the modified insect helped reduce the cases of the disease dengue (登革热) by 77 percent, according to a study paper published in 2021.
The World Mosquito Program has announced that it will release modified mosquitoes in many of Brazil’s urban areas over the next 10 years. The aim is to protect up to 70 million people from diseases such as dengue, an infectious disease mainly spread by mosquitoes.
Brazil has one of the highest rates of dengue infection in the world, according to the Nature website. “More than 1,000 people died of dengue in 2022 because of the spread of mosquitoes. It’s going everywhere,” Luciano Moreira, a scientist in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, told CBC News.
Another way to prevent mosquitoes from spreading diseases is by producing genetically modified mosquitoes (GM). In 2022, the US Environmental Protection Agency approved the release of 2.4 billion GM mosquitoes in California and Florida.
According to the agency, GM mosquitoes carry two types of genes: a self-limiting gene that prevents female offspring (后代) from surviving to adulthood; and a marker gene that allows researchers to identify GM ones in the wild. After being released, GM mosquitoes lay eggs, so the genes are passed on to offspring. In this way, the number of female mosquitoes is reduced, therefore reducing the chance of spreading disease.
37. What is the final purpose of building the “mosquito factory”
A. To prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.
B. To produce massive mosquitoes for scientific research.
C. To study the behavior of mosquitoes in different environments.
D. To replace the natural mosquito population with a modified one.
38. What is the function of paragraph 5 in the text
A. It states challenges facing the program. B. It provides the background to the program.
C. It shows the expected effect of the program. D. It indicates an opinion on the announcement.
39. How does the self-limiting gene in genetically modified mosquitoes work
A. By limiting their ability to lay eggs. B. By making them immune to disease.
C. By reducing their offspring’s lifespans. D. By allowing them to be easily identified.
40. What can be the best title for the text
A. A Mosquito Factory B. Reducing Dengue in Brazil
C Experimenting on Modified Insects D. Modifying Infectious Mosquitoes
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
Self-improvement is universal to the human experience. ____41____ Perhaps you want to lose weight, improve your skills in a certain area, be more comfortable socially, be happier, or be more productive. Whatever the ultimate improvement desired is in order to achieve it, you may benefit from identifying your specific goals, making changes, and dealing with setbacks.
____42____ Thinking about future positive and negative possibilities enhances (增强)motivation, expectation of successful goal completion, and commitment to self-improvement. Thinking about a positive future helps you imagine a reality of where you are the best self you can be, while imagining a negative reality results in an awareness of what might happen if you do not meet your improvement goals.
Determine what needs improvement and what doesn’t. It is important to be specific in your goals, and to know which goals are a top priority.
Identify your assets (honest, hard-working, loving, etc. ) and your liabilities (惹麻烦的事)(angry, overweight, etc. ).____43____
Prioritize your list of goals. Rate each goal from 1 - 10, 10 being the highest priority for you. Focus on this goal first.
Get feedback. ____44____ Thus, asking others, ways you can improve will help you develop specific goals and motivate you on your journey.
Make smart goals. ____45____ For example, your goal could be to lose 20 pounds (specific, measurable, attainable) in 3 months(realistic, time-bound).
Seek out information on how to pursue that change, information can be gathered from books, articles, friends, families, and professionals. It is amazing how much information you will find when you are ready.
A. It’s important to change ourselves.
B. Imagine what it could be like in the future.
C. We all have things we’d like to change about ourselves.
D. Smart goals are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic.
E. This may help you identify where you can make the most improvement.
F. What you wanted to improve yourself happened in the mid-night somehow.
G. Reflecting what to improve helps individuals’ performance, and enhances goal-achievement.
第四部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a child, I was very shy. I wanted to be successful, but lacked confidence. When I discovered ____46____, I found something I was good at. I began to be ____47____ by my friends and this gave me the desire to climb harder and higher mountains. I discovered that nothing was impossible if I could find the ____48____ to try.
Both individual determination and teamwork are ____49____ to success when climbing. You need to rely on the ____50____ of your team and share in the achievement. But personal focus and determination to keep ____51____ despite any difficulty is an important ____52____ to team success.
My greatest achievement in climbing is being the first ever to ____53____ the 5, 000-foot Troll Wall in Norway, whose rock face is the ____54____ and most vertical(垂直) in Europe. A stone which drops from the summit will touch nothing until it ____55____ on the valley floor one mile below.
____56____ our climb, the experts in Europe had said it was impossible to climb the Troll Wall. But with three companions, I decided to try. It took ten days to make the climb and we slept on ledges(岩石架) no more than a foot wide. But I ____57____.
Afterwards, I said to myself, “If I can do that, I can do anything.” Some years ____58____, I succeeded in climbing Mount Everest—the highest mountain in the world.
____59____ to me is not hanging on a rope on the side of a mountain, but is just one field where adventurous people can constantly ____60____ themselves. If we look at every day as an adventure, we can challenge ourselves and continue to grow throughout our life. That is the final adventure.
46. A. surfing B. wrestling C. fishing D. climbing
47. A. denied B. envied C. recognized D. tricked
48. A. method B. secret C. courage D. skill
49. A. suitable B. convenient C. equal D. important
50. A. guide B. support C. protection D. sympathy
51. A. going B. refusing C. waiting D. burning
52. A. examination B. transportation C. investigation D. contribution
53. A. plant B. remove C. conquer D. surround
54. A. smallest B. safest C. lowest D. highest
55. A. lands B. stops C. dies D. rests
56. A. After B. Before C. During D. With
57. A. failed B. gave up C. succeeded D. took off
58. A. early B. later C. recently D. slowly
59. A. Failure B. Fear C. Adventure D. Confidence
60. A. hold B. forgive C. understand D. challenge
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Does music have the power to help us sleep better According to a recent research, it does. Using an experiment in ____61____ 62 young adults listened to five nights of happy music, five nights of sad music, and five nights of pink noise, researchers found that people reported sleeping better and feeling more positive____62____ (little) negative, and more satisfied with life on mornings after listening to music while falling asleep.
These benefits____63____ (find) when comparing listening to music with listening to pink noise. Given that pink noise is thought____64____ (help) deepen sleep, the additional beneficial effects of music beyond pink noise are____65____ (impress).
Does the type of music matter There were no____66____ (difference) in sleep quality and well-being when comparing happy and sad music. ____67____ (important), all of the music was selected with the goal of being calm and relaxing. And although this study focused____68____ young adults, other research has found effects on older adults, suggesting music might be helpful across the lifespan.
Why would music have these beneficial effects So far, little research ____69____ (test) the reasons why music improves sleep quality but suggested reasons include relaxation, a distraction from unwanted thoughts, _____70_____ masking of unpleasant background noise.
第五部分 写作(满分 15 分)
71. 假定你是李华。校学生会打算举办一个美国文化节，急需一些美国杂志。请你给美国笔友Jimmy写一封email求助，让他帮忙选购一些能反映美国社会、适合中国学生的杂志寄过来，并告知会承担相关费用。
内容包括：
1. 求助的原因；
2. 对杂志的要求；
3. 费用。
注意：
1. 词数80左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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_____________________________________________________________________大庆中学 2023--2024 学年度下学期开学考试
高二年级英语试题
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the weather be like this afternoon
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
2. Who is the woman probably
A. A teacher. B. A musician. C. An actress.
3. What is the woman going to do most probably
A. Go on a trip. B. Have a rest. C. Prepare a meal.
4. What time did Jane get off the plane
A. At 10: 00. B. At 10: 30. C. At 11: 00.
5. What are the speakers doing
A. Eating in a restaurant. B. Doing some shopping. C. Cooking dinner.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a store. B. In a company. C. At home.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Clean the carpet. B. Have a meeting C. Move a table.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. Why does the girl want to go to the library
A. To write her term paper there.
B. To borrow some new books.
C. To find some books about grammar.
9. When does the library close
A. At 5 pm. B. At 5:30 pm. C. At 6 pm.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Librarian and student. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. When will the physics test be
A. Tomorrow. B. In one week. C. In two weeks.
12. What is the woman like
A. Hard-working. B. Energetic. C. Clever.
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The better way to prepare for a test.
B. The approach to staying focused on study.
C. The importance of a good night’s sleep.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. Why does the man choose a staycation
A. It saves time. B. It is relaxing. C. It is cheap.
15. What transportation will the woman choose
A. The plane. B. The train. C. The car.
16. What is the woman going to do
A. Relax on the beach. B. Do some research on art. C. Enjoy Italian culture.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What is the new way to compete
A. Exploring space. B. Doing well in sports. C. Planting trees.
18. How long will the campaign last
A. Five months. B. Seven months. C. Ten months.
19. What does the speaker think of Ethipia’s campaign
A. It’s environmentally friendly.
B. It’s as competitive as sports.
C. It requires the least time to carry out.
20. When did Indians break their own record
A. In 2016. B. In 2017. C. In 2019.
第二部分 词义辨析(共 25 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 25 分)
1. I think we should work out some _________ to deal with this situation.
A. signals B. strategies C. aspects D. factors
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们应该制定一些策略来应对这种情况。A. signals信号；B. strategies战略，策略；C. aspects方面；D. factors因素。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“策略”，故用strategies，作work out的宾语。故选B。
2. After reading the letter, she _________ it to pieces and threw them into the fire.
A. bore B. wore C. tore D. wove
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看完信后，她把信撕成碎片丢进火里。A. bore使厌烦；B. wore穿；C. tore撕碎；D. wove编织。根据上下文句意可知，她把信撕碎，然后丢进火里。故选C。
3. They showed great_________ in the face of difficulty.
A. insurance B. atmosphere C. misadventure D. perseverance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在困难面前表现出极大的毅力。A. insurance保险；B. atmosphere气氛；C. misadventure厄运；D. perseverance毅力，韧性。根据前后文可知，他们在困难面前表现出毅力。故选D。
4. Good teachers have _________ into the problems of students.
A. entrance B. insight C. instance D. interaction
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好老师能洞察学生的问题。A. entrance入口；B. insight洞察力；C. instance例子，实例；D. interaction交流，沟通。根据“have”和“into the problems of students”可知，此处用固定短语have insight into表示“深入了解，洞悉”，表示能洞察学生的问题。故选B。
5. Instead of following the normal_________, he did it in a quite different way.
A. procedure B. capability C. declaration D. evolution
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有按正常程序做，而是用一种完全不同的方法做了。A. procedure程序；B. capability能力；C. declaration声明；D. evolution进化。根据上文“following the normal”指正常程序应用procedure。故选A。
6. _________ importance, English is as important as Chinese.
A. In addition to B. In terms of C. In advance of D. In aid of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就重要性而言，英语和汉语一样重要。A. In addition to除了……以外；B. In terms of就……而言；C. In advance of在……之前；D. In aid of为帮助,用以援助……。根据后文句意可知，此处是就重要性而言。故选B。
7. With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, many students are under pressure from heavy study _________.
A. load B. shade C. gravity D. desire
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着高考的临近，许多学生承受着繁重的学习负担。A. load负担；B. shade阴凉处；C. gravity重力；D. desire愿望，欲望。根据前文句意及常识可知，学生承受着繁重的学习负担。故选A。
8. With a label _________ to each piece of luggage, it is easy for passengers to recognize their own luggage.
A. attracted B. attacked C. attained D. attached
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每件行李上都贴有标签，乘客很容易认出自己的行李。A. attracted吸引；B. attacked攻击；C. attained获得；D. attached附上。根据“a label”指行李上都贴有标签，应用attached。故选D。
9. After climbing to the top of Mount Tai, Allan_________ all his energy and decided to have a rest.
A. confirmed B. confused C. consumed D. conducted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爬到泰山顶上后，艾伦耗尽了所有的精力，决定休息一下。A. confirmed证实，确认；B. confused使迷惑，混淆；C. consumed消耗，耗费；D. conducted执行，带领。根据空后“all his energy and decided to have a rest”可知，Allan耗尽了所有的精力，动词consume符合语境。故选C。
10. The twins are so alike that no one can_________ one from the other.
A. distinguish B. dismiss C. distribute D. disturb
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对双胞胎长得太像了，没人能把他们区别开来。A. distinguish区分；B. dismiss解雇，开除；C. distribute分配，分发；D. disturb打扰。根据前文The twins are so alike可知，这对双胞胎长得太像，没人能区分开他们。故选A。
11. He renounced his claim to the_________.
A. threat B. cruelty C. property D. apology
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他放弃了对财产的要求。A. threat威胁；B. cruelty残忍；C. property财产；D. apology道歉。根据句意可知，他放弃了对财产的要求。故选C。
12. As soon as that thought_________ to him, he felt worse.
A preferred B. occurred C. referred D. transferred
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一想到这个，就觉得更糟了。A. preferred更喜欢；B. occurred发生，（想法或主意）被想到；C. referred提到，涉及；D. transferred使转移。根据前文thought可知，此处表示“一想到”。故选B。
13. You may imagine what great difficulty I had expressing_________ ideas in simple English.
A. complicated B. constant C. competitive D. common
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象我用简单的英语表达复杂的想法有多困难。A. complicated复杂的；B. constant不断的；C. competitive竞争的；D. common常见的。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“复杂的”，作定语，修饰名词ideas。故选A。
14. The _________ drawn from the facts did sound very reasonable.
A. contract B. contact C. conclusion D. context
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从事实中得出的结论听起来确实很合理。A. contract合同；B. contact联系，联络；C. conclusion结论；D. context上下文。drawn from the facts为过去分词短语，作修饰空处的后置定语，再结合“did sound very reasonable”可知，听起来确实很合理的是从事实中得出的“结论”。故选C。
15. Replacement is_________ if the products are not up to the standard.
A. criticized B. revealed C. released D. guaranteed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果产品不符合标准，则保证更换。A. criticized批评；B. revealed揭示，展示；C. released释放；D. guaranteed保证。根据前后文句意可知，产品不符合标准，保证更换。故选D。
16. The brain accounts for_________ three percent of body weight.
A. rarely B. merely C. vividly D. gradually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大脑只占体重的3%。A. rarely很少，少有地；B. merely仅仅，只不过；C. vividly生动地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据句意可知，大脑仅占体重3%。故选B。
17. We all breathed a sigh of_________ when he left.
A. belief B. relief C. proof D. grace
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他离开时，我们都松了一口气。A. belief信念；B. relief宽慰，解脱，放松；C. proof证明；D. grace优雅。根据前文We all breathed a sigh句意可知，我们松了一口气。故选B。
18. The ball was in the possession of their_________ for most of the match.
A. philosophy B. tournament C. opponent D. association
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛的大部分时间里，球都在他们的对手手里。A. philosophy哲学；B. tournament锦标赛；C. opponent对手；D. association协会。根据上文“The ball was in the possession of”指球在对手手里。故选C。
19. The_________ of a balanced diet and regular exercise is the key to enjoying good health.
A. competition B. inspiration C. innovation D. combination
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：均衡饮食和定期锻炼相结合是享受良好健康的关键。A. competition竞争；B. inspiration灵感；C. innovation创新；D. combination结合。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“结合”，故用combination，作主语。故选D。
20. The artist was very proud of his_________ and called it the best painting that he had ever done.
A. creativity B. creation C. creator D. creature
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位艺术家对自己的创作感到非常自豪，并称这是他所画过的最好的画。A. creativity创造力；B. creation创作，作品；C. creator创建者；D. creature生物。根据前后文句意可知，这位艺术家对自己的创作的作品感到非常自豪。故选B。
21. Professor Smith is very kind. You can turn to him for help as long as he is_________.
A. admirable B. adjustable C. available D. convenient
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史密斯教授很和蔼。只要他有空，你就可以找他帮忙。A. admirable令人钦佩的；B. adjustable可调整的；C. available有空的；D. convenient方便的。根据上文“You can turn to him for help as long as he is”指有空就可以去找他帮忙。故填C。
22. I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times, resulting in a_________ attitude towards everything and everyone.
A. prosperous B. beneficial C. harmonious D. suspicious
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被我信任的人背叛了好几次，导致我对每件事、每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度。A. prosperous繁荣的；B. beneficial有益的；C. harmonious和谐的；D. suspicious怀疑的。根据上文“I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times”可知，因为被背叛所以对每件事、每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度。故选D。
23. They are not made of_________ leather, which give off bad smell.
A. flexible B. genuine C. steady D. massive
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们不是真皮做的，会散发臭味。A. flexible灵活的；B. genuine真的，真正的；C. steady稳定的；D. massive大量的，巨大的。根据后文which give off bad smell可知，它们不是真皮做的，质量不好。故选B。
24. Huawei mobile phone is easy to operate, which can run several_________ at the same time.
A. negotiations B. qualifications C. applications D. exhibitions
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：华为手机操作简单，可以同时运行多个应用程序。A. negotiations谈判；B. qualifications资格；C. applications应用程序；D. exhibitions展览。结合语境可知，空格处应表达“应用程序”，故用application的复数形式，作run的宾语。故选C。
25. Whenever you buy a present, you should think about it according to the receiver’s_________.
A. rejection B. radiation C. dependence D. preference
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当你买礼物时，你都应该根据接受者的喜好来考虑。A. rejection拒绝；B. radiation辐射；C. dependence依赖；D. preference偏好。根据常识可知，购买礼物应该根据接受者的喜好。故选D。
第三部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Summer Camps
Mountain Camp
PO Box 1348, Pollock Pines, CA 95726, U.S.
Phone: 415-351-2267
Mountain Camp is a traditional camp experience on a beautiful high Sierra lake. The program is for children aged seven to seventeen. Campers enjoy different activities, spending one and a half hours every day at each of our three areas: waterfront, outdoor activity area and indoor activity area.All areas have many program activities including mountain biking, traveling on a ship, wind surfing,drama, dance, waterskiing. etc.
Astrocamp Virginia 8144 Mount Laurel Road, Clover, VA 24534, U.S.
Phone: 800-645-1423
Astrocamp Virginia is a physical science and adventure summer camp. Campers come each summer to have fun and get hands-on science training while taking part in a lot of activities!Astrocamp is a STEM program that pushes campers to deepen their understanding of science by taking part in space exploration, playing in advanced labs, building and launching rockets, and searching the night sky.
Talisman Camp
64 Gap Creek Rd, Zirconia, NC 28790, U.S.Phone: 828-697-6313
Our camp program helps children with autism or other mental problems to develop physical and social ability in an environment that encourages and supports self-direction. We believe that every child wants to do well, and that every child has unigue power, advantages and views on life. We’ll use different tools to guide them to achieve their goals.
Birchwood Camp 12586 Gunflint Trail, Slip 85, Grand Marais, MN 55604, U.S.
Phone: 218-388-4402
We only accept between 35 and 45 campers (boys aged 7-17) every school year. At Birchwood,we keep our campsite screen-free so we can focus on the things we value most: connection, self-discovery and a sense of shared purpose. Each week, campers get to choose a wilderness trip to goon, which needs about 3 to 5 days.
26. Which number should you call if you want to learn about the science-focused camp
A. 415-351-2267. B. 800-645-1423.
C. 828-697-6313. D. 218-388-4402.
27. Which program is suitable for teenagers with special needs
A. Mountain Camp. B. Astrocamp Virginia.
C. Talisman Camp. D. Birchwood Camp.
28. What do Mountain Camp and Birchwood Camp have in common
A. They only accept boys. B. They have age requirements.
C. They hope campers learn to share. D. They offer campers water activities.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个夏令营活动的具体信息。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据Astrocamp Virginia部分的“Phone: 800-645-1423”和“Astrocamp is a STEM program that pushes campers to deepen their understanding of science by taking part in space exploration, playing in advanced labs, building and launching rockets, and searching the night sky.(Astrocamp是一个STEM项目，通过参与太空探索、在先进实验室玩耍、建造和发射火箭以及搜索夜空，推动营员加深对科学的理解。)”可知，如果你想了解以科学为中心的夏令营，你应该打800-645-1423这个电话。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据Talisman Camp部分的“Our camp program helps children with autism or other mental problems to develop physical and social ability in an environment that encourages and supports self-direction.(我们的夏令营项目帮助患有自闭症或其他精神问题的儿童在一个鼓励和支持自我指导的环境中发展身体和社交能力。)”可知，Talisman Camp这个项目适合有特殊需求的青少年。故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mountain Camp部分的“The program is for children aged seven to seventeen.(该项目面向7至17岁的儿童。)”和Birchwood Camp部分的“We only accept between 35 and 45 campers (boys aged 7-17) every school year.(我们每学年只接受35 - 45名营员(7-17岁的男孩)。)”可知，这两个夏令营活动的共同之处是它们有年龄要求。故选B。
B
Growing up, Danielle Belleny was always outdoors, picking up insects and investigating the animal world on her own. She hadn’t yet heard of wildlife biology, but that’s what she was learning about. She wanted to be a vet, a person who can treat sick or injured animals, at first. She said, “I always knew I wanted to work with animals, and as a kid，that was the only job I knew where I could do that.” But when Belleny was in college, her dad advised her to learn wildlife biology instead of veterinary.
Later, Belleny started working on research projects. One project involved placing trackers on a bird called the northern bobwhite. For another, she spent time herding goats, as a way to protect a grass habitat for endangered box turtles (龟) without hurting them.
Belleny’s working at Plateau Land &. Wildlife Management. “In the mornings, I’m usually out the door before sunrise,” she says. She surveys birds, keeping track of different species. And she searches for signs of what other animals in the area are doing. Around lunchtime, she’ll return home and write up a report. In the afternoon, she leaves for another site visit. Landowners can request her services. She advises people on how to protect the wildlife that lives on their farm. Her work takes her all around Texas.
Outside of work young Belleny has been bird-watching for seven years. Her first book This Is a Book for People Who Love Birds was published in May, 2022. Now she’s working on a children’s book about birding, which is scheduled to come out in fall 2023. Belleny has some advice for young people thinking about careers. “Try everything you’re interested in through books and libraries. If you’re into wildlife biology, go to a library and find some field guides. After learning much information, you can do research work more easily.
29. What did Belleny want to do at the very beginning
A. Working as a vet. B. Protecting wildlife.
C. Watching birds daily. D. Looking after goats.
30. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Belleny
A. Her field work. B. Her link with animals.
C. Her research reports. D. Her services to farmers.
31. What does Belleny advise the young to do
A. Love nature and animals. B. Make good use of libraries.
C. Write more animal books. D. Go into biological research.
32. What can we learn from the Belleny’s story
A. Curious minds never feel satisfied. B. It pays off to put theory into practice.
C. Interest is the best teacher in your life. D. Career choices should be made earlier.
【答案】29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。丹妮尔·贝伦尼(Danielle Belleny)从小就喜欢野生动物。现在，年纪轻轻的她已经成了一位野生动物学家。同时，她还是一个观鸟者和作家。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She wanted to be a veterinarian, a person who can treat sick or injured animals, at first. ”(起初，她想成为一名兽医，一个可以治疗生病或受伤动物的人。)可知，贝伦尼最初想当一名兽医。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。第三段第二句到最后一句提到““In the mornings, I’m usually out the door before sunrise,” she says. She surveys birds, keeping track of different species. ”(“早上，我通常在日出前出门，”她说。她调查鸟类，记录不同种类的鸟类。)；“Around lunchtime, she’ll return home and write up a report. In the afternoon, she leaves for another site visit. Landowners can request her services. ”(午餐时间左右，她会回家写一份报告。下午，她又去实地考察了。)由此可知，本段主要在谈她的野外工作。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “Try everything you’re interested in through books and libraries. If you’re into wildlife biology, go to a library and find some field guides.”(尝试所有你感兴趣的书籍和图书馆。如果你对野生动物生物学感兴趣，去图书馆找一些野外指南。)可知,贝伦尼给年轻人建议：要多看书，多到图书馆去看自己已感兴趣的书籍。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Danielle Belleny always outdoors, picking up insects and investigating the animal world on her own. She hadn’t yet heard of wildlife biology, but that’s what she was learning about. ”(Danielle Belleny总是在户外，独自捕捉昆虫和调查动物世界。她还没有听说过野生动物生物学，但这就是她正在学习的东西。)及 “I always knew I wanted to work with animals”(我一直都知道我要和动物们一起工作)以及最后一段“try everything you’re interested in through books and libraries”(尝试所有你感兴趣的书籍和图书馆)可知，正是由于贝伦尼对一直对动物很感兴趣，她才成为今天的野生动物学家。由此她的故事说明一个道理：兴趣是最好的老师。故选C。
C
The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed in this way because threats, like dangerous animal, have a more immediate effect on people's survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you clearly know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy
Research suggests that our level of happiness is partly shaped by the choices we make. If you've been chasing wealth, fame, power and some material things, you may be looking for happiness in the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits can make people happier.
People who own close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of our friends is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships that bring happiness usually consist of the sharing of feelings, acceptance, mutual respect and trust.
People who exercise regularly can improve both their physical and mental well-being. Some research has shown that exercise can be as effective as some medicine in treating depression.
If we are so interested in an activity, we may lose track of time, and we can be in a state of flow. The activity could be playing the piano, surfing the Internet or playing a game. People who experience flow in their work or life tend to be happier.
People are more likely to be happy if they know what their strengths are and can use them regularly. People are especially happy when they can set goals and use their strengths to achieve them.
People, who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic, are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful. Being mindful means considering, focusing on, and enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.
33. Human brains remember negative things more easily because negative things_________.
A. tend to affect human survival immediately
B. are much more important than other thing
C. can make people live much happier
D. are easy to remember
34. According to this passage, people may find happiness in______________
A. being famous B. setting life goals
C. chasing power D. earning money
35. In the last paragraph, the author tries to tell us to____________.
A. think more about our future
B. focus on everything in our life
C. be positive in our life and work
D. only enjoy the present moment
36. What does the passage mainly want to tell us
A. Why people remember positive things easily.
B. Why people remember negative things easily.
C. What makes people happy.
D. What makes people sad.
【答案】33. A 34. B 35. C 36. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者介绍了生活中的哪些事情可以让我们快乐，同时告诉我们应该积极地对待生活和工作。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed in this way because threats, like dangerous animals, have a more immediate effect on people’s survival compared to positive things like food or shelter.”（人类的大脑比起积极的记忆更容易记住消极的经历。我们的大脑之所以以这种方式发展，是因为威胁，比如危险的动物，比食物或住所等积极的东西对人类的生存有更直接的影响）可知人脑更容易记住消极的东西是因为消极的事情往往会立即影响人类的生存。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第六段“People are especially happy when they can set goals and use their strengths to achieve them.”（当人们能够设定目标并利用自己的优势去实现目标时，他们会特别开心。）可知人们在设置生活目标的时候可能会发现快乐。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“People, who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic, are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful. Being mindful means considering, focusing on, and enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.”（通过感恩、留心和乐观积极思考的人更有可能快乐。感谢意味着感恩。正念意味着思考、专注并享受当下的经历。乐观意味着对未来充满希望。）可知，最后一段作者讲述积极乐观的人感恩，专注，乐观，更容易快乐。故选C项。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a result, you clearly know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy ”（因此，你清楚地知道什么使你不快乐，但你知道什么使你快乐吗 ）结合下文，作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的方式，如建立亲密关系，锻炼，感恩，专注，乐观积极的生活态度等。所以文章主要告诉我们什么会让我们感觉到快乐，故选C项。
D
Most people hate mosquitoes — but scientists are about to build a “mosquito factory” to release modified (改良的) mosquitoes.
The modified mosquitoes carry a bacterium called Wolbachia pipientis (沃尔巴克氏菌), which can be naturally found in most insect species. However, it’s rarely discovered in mosquitoes. “We actually grow these mosquitoes that contain the bacterium,” Scott O’Neill, an Australian scientist involved in the project, told CBC News. When the modified mosquitoes are released, they slowly spread the bacterium to the population.
Several studies have demonstrated the insects’ success. For example, a controlled experiment in Indonesia showed that the modified insect helped reduce the cases of the disease dengue (登革热) by 77 percent, according to a study paper published in 2021.
The World Mosquito Program has announced that it will release modified mosquitoes in many of Brazil’s urban areas over the next 10 years. The aim is to protect up to 70 million people from diseases such as dengue, an infectious disease mainly spread by mosquitoes.
Brazil has one of the highest rates of dengue infection in the world, according to the Nature website. “More than 1,000 people died of dengue in 2022 because of the spread of mosquitoes. It’s going everywhere,” Luciano Moreira, a scientist in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, told CBC News.
Another way to prevent mosquitoes from spreading diseases is by producing genetically modified mosquitoes (GM). In 2022, the US Environmental Protection Agency approved the release of 2.4 billion GM mosquitoes in California and Florida.
According to the agency, GM mosquitoes carry two types of genes: a self-limiting gene that prevents female offspring (后代) from surviving to adulthood; and a marker gene that allows researchers to identify GM ones in the wild. After being released, GM mosquitoes lay eggs, so the genes are passed on to offspring. In this way, the number of female mosquitoes is reduced, therefore reducing the chance of spreading disease.
37. What is the final purpose of building the “mosquito factory”
A. To prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.
B. To produce massive mosquitoes for scientific research.
C. To study the behavior of mosquitoes in different environments.
D. To replace the natural mosquito population with a modified one.
38. What is the function of paragraph 5 in the text
A. It states challenges facing the program. B. It provides the background to the program.
C. It shows the expected effect of the program. D. It indicates an opinion on the announcement.
39. How does the self-limiting gene in genetically modified mosquitoes work
A. By limiting their ability to lay eggs. B. By making them immune to disease.
C. By reducing their offspring’s lifespans. D. By allowing them to be easily identified.
40. What can be the best title for the text
A. A Mosquito Factory B. Reducing Dengue in Brazil
C Experimenting on Modified Insects D. Modifying Infectious Mosquitoes
【答案】37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一项关于通过改良蚊子基因来防止蚊子传播疾病的研究。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The World Mosquito Program has announced that it will release modified mosquitoes in many of Brazil’s urban areas over the next 10 years. The aim is to protect up to 70 million people from diseases such as dengue, an infectious disease mainly spread by mosquitoes.(世界蚊子项目宣布，未来10年将在巴西许多城市地区释放转基因蚊子。其目的是保护多达7000万人免受登革热等疾病的侵害。登革热是一种主要由蚊子传播的传染病)”和第六段中“Another way to prevent mosquitoes from spreading diseases is by producing genetically modified mosquitoes (GM).(另一种防止蚊子传播疾病的方法是培育转基因蚊子)”可推知，建造“蚊子工厂”的最终目的是防止蚊媒疾病的传播。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The World Mosquito Program has announced that it will release modified mosquitoes in many of Brazil’s urban areas over the next 10 years.(世界蚊子项目宣布，未来10年将在巴西许多城市地区释放转基因蚊子)”和第五段“Brazil has one of the highest rates of dengue infection in the world, according to the Nature website. “More than 1,000 people died of dengue in 2022 because of the spread of mosquitoes. It’s going everywhere,” Luciano Moreira, a scientist in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, told CBC News.(据《自然》杂志网站报道，巴西是世界上登革热感染率最高的国家之一。“由于蚊子的传播，2022年有1000多人死于登革热。它无处不在，”巴西里约热内卢的科学家卢西亚诺·莫雷拉告诉CBC新闻)”可推知，第五段用数据介绍了登革热在巴西造成的危害，从而为第四段中“释放转基因蚊子”项目提供了背景知识。故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“According to the agency, GM mosquitoes carry two types of genes: a self-limiting gene that prevents female offspring (后代) from surviving to adulthood(据该机构称，转基因蚊子携带两种类型的基因：一种是自我限制的基因，可以阻止雌性后代存活到成年)”可知，转基因蚊子的自我限制基因通过缩短后代的寿命来发挥作用。故选C。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Most people hate mosquitoes — but scientists are about to build a “mosquito factory” to release modified (改良的) mosquitoes.(大多数人讨厌蚊子——但是科学家们即将建立一个“蚊子工厂”来释放转基因蚊子)”和最后一段“According to the agency, GM mosquitoes carry two types of genes: a self-limiting gene that prevents female offspring (后代) from surviving to adulthood; and a marker gene that allows researchers to identify GM ones in the wild. After being released, GM mosquitoes lay eggs, so the genes are passed on to offspring. In this way, the number of female mosquitoes is reduced, therefore reducing the chance of spreading disease.(据该机构称，转基因蚊子携带两种类型的基因：一种是自我限制的基因，可以阻止雌性后代存活到成年；以及一种标记基因，使研究人员能够在野外识别转基因作物。被释放后，转基因蚊子产卵，因此基因被传递给后代。这样一来，雌蚊的数量就减少了，从而减少了传播疾病的机会)”可知，文章报道了一项关于通过改良蚊子基因来防止蚊子传播疾病的研究。由此可知，“Modifying Infectious Mosquitoes (改良传染性蚊子)”适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
Self-improvement is universal to the human experience. ____41____ Perhaps you want to lose weight, improve your skills in a certain area, be more comfortable socially, be happier, or be more productive. Whatever the ultimate improvement desired is in order to achieve it, you may benefit from identifying your specific goals, making changes, and dealing with setbacks.
____42____ Thinking about future positive and negative possibilities enhances (增强)motivation, expectation of successful goal completion, and commitment to self-improvement. Thinking about a positive future helps you imagine a reality of where you are the best self you can be, while imagining a negative reality results in an awareness of what might happen if you do not meet your improvement goals.
Determine what needs improvement and what doesn’t. It is important to be specific in your goals, and to know which goals are a top priority.
Identify your assets (honest, hard-working, loving, etc. ) and your liabilities (惹麻烦的事)(angry, overweight, etc. ).____43____
Prioritize your list of goals. Rate each goal from 1 - 10, 10 being the highest priority for you. Focus on this goal first.
Get feedback. ____44____ Thus, asking others, ways you can improve will help you develop specific goals and motivate you on your journey.
Make smart goals. ____45____ For example, your goal could be to lose 20 pounds (specific, measurable, attainable) in 3 months(realistic, time-bound).
Seek out information on how to pursue that change, information can be gathered from books, articles, friends, families, and professionals. It is amazing how much information you will find when you are ready.
A. It’s important to change ourselves.
B. Imagine what it could be like in the future.
C. We all have things we’d like to change about ourselves.
D. Smart goals are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic.
E. This may help you identify where you can make the most improvement.
F. What you wanted to improve yourself happened in the mid-night somehow.
G. Reflecting what to improve helps individuals’ performance, and enhances goal-achievement.
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. E 44. G 45. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何自我提升的几点建议。
【41题详解】
本段首句“Self-improvement is universal to the human experience.”（自我提升对于人的经历很普遍）暗示此处说的是关于我们自身，我们都有想要改变的事情，空后列出了一些具体的事情，此处起承上启下的作用。C选项中的“change about ourselves”和前句中的“Self-improvement”表述相一致。故选C（我们都有自己想改变的东西）。
【42题详解】
后文中的“Thinking about future positive”（积极地思考未来）暗示了此处说的是关于未来方面的内容，B选项“Imagine what it could be like in the future”与后文中的“Thinking about future”相一致。故选B（想象一下未来会是什么样子）。
【43题详解】
空前说一句说确定你的资产（诚实、勤奋、有爱心等）和你的负债（愤怒、超重等），此处总结上文，说的是这样做的好处，E选项中的“This”指代前面所采取的措施。故选E（这可能有助于你确定哪些方面可以做出最大的改进）。
【44题详解】
根据空前的“Get feedback”（得到反馈）可知，此处承接上文，说的是收到应该怎么改进的信息反馈有助于改变个人的表现、增强成就感。G选项中的“improve”、“goal-achievement”与后文中的“improve”、“specific goals”相一致。故选G（反思需要改进的内容有助于个人的绩效，提高目标的实现）。
【45题详解】
根据空前的“smart goals”和空后的“specific，measurable，attainable，realistic”可知，此处说的是聪明的目标的具体特征，故选D（聪明的目标应当是具体的、可量化的、可实现的、现实的）。
第四部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a child, I was very shy. I wanted to be successful, but lacked confidence. When I discovered ____46____, I found something I was good at. I began to be ____47____ by my friends and this gave me the desire to climb harder and higher mountains. I discovered that nothing was impossible if I could find the ____48____ to try.
Both individual determination and teamwork are ____49____ to success when climbing. You need to rely on the ____50____ of your team and share in the achievement. But personal focus and determination to keep ____51____ despite any difficulty is an important ____52____ to team success.
My greatest achievement in climbing is being the first ever to ____53____ the 5, 000-foot Troll Wall in Norway, whose rock face is the ____54____ and most vertical(垂直) in Europe. A stone which drops from the summit will touch nothing until it ____55____ on the valley floor one mile below.
____56____ our climb, the experts in Europe had said it was impossible to climb the Troll Wall. But with three companions, I decided to try. It took ten days to make the climb and we slept on ledges(岩石架) no more than a foot wide. But I ____57____.
Afterwards, I said to myself, “If I can do that, I can do anything.” Some years ____58____, I succeeded in climbing Mount Everest—the highest mountain in the world.
____59____ to me is not hanging on a rope on the side of a mountain, but is just one field where adventurous people can constantly ____60____ themselves. If we look at every day as an adventure, we can challenge ourselves and continue to grow throughout our life. That is the final adventure.
46. A. surfing B. wrestling C. fishing D. climbing
47. A. denied B. envied C. recognized D. tricked
48. A. method B. secret C. courage D. skill
49. A. suitable B. convenient C. equal D. important
50. A. guide B. support C. protection D. sympathy
51. A. going B. refusing C. waiting D. burning
52. A. examination B. transportation C. investigation D. contribution
53. A. plant B. remove C. conquer D. surround
54. A. smallest B. safest C. lowest D. highest
55. A. lands B. stops C. dies D. rests
56. A. After B. Before C. During D. With
57. A. failed B. gave up C. succeeded D. took off
58. A. early B. later C. recently D. slowly
59. A. Failure B. Fear C. Adventure D. Confidence
60. A. hold B. forgive C. understand D. challenge
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己攀登的经历。作者认为如果有勇气去尝试，没有什么是不可能的。如果我们把每一天都看作是一次冒险，我们就能挑战自我，在生活中不断成长。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我发现爬山时，我发现了我擅长的东西。A. surfing冲浪运动；B. wrestling摔跤；C. fishing钓鱼；D. climbing攀登。根据下文的“the desire to climb”以及“My greatest achievement in climbing”可知，此处为爬山。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始被我的朋友认出来，这给了我更努力和更高的攀登山的欲望。A. deny否认；B. envy羡慕；C. recognize认出；D. trick欺骗。由“this gave me the desire to climb harder and higher mountains”及语境可知，作者被朋友认出后，有了更大的动力和目标，故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现如果我有勇气去尝试，没有什么是不可能的。A. method方法；B. secret秘密；C. courage勇气；D. skill技能。由“nothing was impossible”及语境可知，如果有勇气去尝试，没有什么是不可能的。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀登时，个人决心和团队合作对成功都很重要。A. suitable适当的；B. convenient方便的；C. equal平等的；D. important重要的。由下文“But personal focus and determination to keep 6 despite any difficulty is an important 7 to team success.”可知，个人决心和团队合作对成功都很重要。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你需要依靠你的团队的支持，分享你的成就。A. guide向导；B. support支持； C. protection保护；D. sympathy同情。上文提到团队合作对成功很重要，所以爬山需要团队的支持。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是个人的专注和在任何困难下坚持下去的决心是团队成功的重要贡献。A. go去；B. refuse拒绝；C. wait等待；D. burn燃烧。由“despite any difficulty”可知， 此处指尽管有困难还坚持下去的决心，故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是个人的专注和在任何困难下坚持下去的决心是团队成功的重要贡献。A. examination检查；B. transportation运输；C. investigation调查；D. contribution贡献。结合语境可知，此处指“个人的专注和坚持的决心有助于团队成功”。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在攀登方面最大的成就是成为第一个征服挪威5000英尺高的巨魔墙的人，它的岩石面是欧洲最高、最垂直的。A. plant种植；B. remove移除；C. conquer战胜，征服；D. surround包围。由“My greatest achievement”可知，此处是描述最大的成就，应是征服5000英尺的巨魔墙。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在攀登方面最大的成就是成为第一个征服挪威5000英尺高的巨魔墙的人，它的岩石面是欧洲最高、最垂直的。A. smallest最小的；B. safest最安全的；C. lowest最低的；D. highest最高的。由上文“My greatest achievement”及空后“most vertical”可知，此处是描述山的险峻，highest符合题意。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一块从山顶掉下来的石头，在落到一英里以下的谷底之前，是不会碰到任何东西的。A. land登陆；B. stop停止；C. die死；D. rest休息。由上文“most vertical”及空后“on the valley floor”可知，这座山的岩石面是最垂直的，此处指从山顶掉下来的石头，在落到谷底之前，是不会碰到任何东西的。故选A项。
【56题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我们攀登之前，欧洲的专家说过爬巨魔墙是不可能的。A. after在……之后；B. before在……之前；C. during在……期间；D. with和……一起。由下一句“But with three companions, I decided to try.”可知，此处指在攀登之前，专家说不可能，但是作者还是决定尝试，故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查动词、动词短语辨析。句意：我们花了十天时间才爬上去，睡在不到一英尺宽的壁架上。但我成功了。A. fail失败；B. give up放弃；C. succeed成功；D. take off脱掉。由下文“Afterwards, I said to myself, ‘If I can do that, I can do anything.’”可知，作者成功了。故选C项。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很多年后，我成功攀登了珠穆朗玛峰——世界上最高的山峰。A. early早期；B. later后来；C. recently最近；D. slowly慢慢地。根据上文“Afterwards, I said to myself, ‘If I can do that, I can do anything.’”以及下文的成功，显然是多年后的事情了。故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，冒险不是悬在山边的绳子上，而是一个敢于冒险的人可以不断挑战自我的领域。A. failure失败；B. fear害怕； C. adventure冒险；D. confidence自信。由语境及下文“If we look at every day as an adventure”可知，此处为冒险，故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，冒险不是悬在山边的绳子上，而是一个敢于冒险的人可以不断挑战自我的领域。A. hold握住；B. forgive原谅；C. understand明白；D. challenge挑战。由语境及下文“we can challenge ourselves and continue to grow throughout our life”可知，一个敢于冒险的人可以不断挑战自我的领域。故选D项。
【点睛】
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Does music have the power to help us sleep better According to a recent research, it does. Using an experiment in ____61____ 62 young adults listened to five nights of happy music, five nights of sad music, and five nights of pink noise, researchers found that people reported sleeping better and feeling more positive____62____ (little) negative, and more satisfied with life on mornings after listening to music while falling asleep.
These benefits____63____ (find) when comparing listening to music with listening to pink noise. Given that pink noise is thought____64____ (help) deepen sleep, the additional beneficial effects of music beyond pink noise are____65____ (impress).
Does the type of music matter There were no____66____ (difference) in sleep quality and well-being when comparing happy and sad music. ____67____ (important), all of the music was selected with the goal of being calm and relaxing. And although this study focused____68____ young adults, other research has found effects on older adults, suggesting music might be helpful across the lifespan.
Why would music have these beneficial effects So far, little research ____69____ (test) the reasons why music improves sleep quality but suggested reasons include relaxation, a distraction from unwanted thoughts, _____70_____ masking of unpleasant background noise.
【答案】61. which
62. less 63. were found
64. to help
65. impressive
66. differences
67. Importantly
68. on 69. has tested
70. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了音乐有帮助让人们睡得更好的功能。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：通过一项实验，62名年轻人听了五晚快乐的音乐、五晚悲伤的音乐和五晚粉红色的噪音，研究人员发现，人们在入睡时听音乐后，早上睡得更好，感觉更积极，更少消极，对生活更满意。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为experiment，指代事物，在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【62题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据上文more positive和下文more satisfied可知，此处用形容词比较级与前后并列作表语。故填less。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在比较听音乐和听粉红噪音时发现了这些好处。动词find和主语之间是被动关系，根据上文可知，这是过去做的实验，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语benefits为复数，主谓一致，故填were found。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到粉红噪音被认为有助于加深睡眠，音乐除了粉红噪音之外的其他有益影响令人印象深刻。be thought to do sth“被认为做某事”是固定句式，不定式作复合谓语。故填to help。
【65题详解】
考查形容词句意：同上。系动词are后应用其形容词作表语。故填impressive。
【66题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在比较快乐和悲伤的音乐时，睡眠质量和幸福感没有差异。根据前文There were可知，此处应用名词复数作主语。故填differences。
【67题详解】
考查副词。句意：重要的是，所有的音乐都是为了平静和放松而选择的。修饰整句作状语，应用副词。句首字母大写，故填Importantly。
【68题详解】
考查介词。句意：虽然这项研究主要针对年轻人，但其他研究也发现了对老年人的影响，这表明音乐可能在整个生命周期中都有帮助。focus on“专注于”是固定搭配。故填on。
【69题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，很少有研究测试音乐提高睡眠质量的原因，但人们认为原因包括放松、从不想要的想法中分散注意力以及掩盖不愉快的背景噪音。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主谓一致，故填has tested。
【70题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。后文masking of unpleasant background noise和前文名词是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
第五部分 写作(满分 15 分)
71. 假定你是李华。校学生会打算举办一个美国文化节，急需一些美国杂志。请你给美国笔友Jimmy写一封email求助，让他帮忙选购一些能反映美国社会、适合中国学生的杂志寄过来，并告知会承担相关费用。
内容包括：
1. 求助的原因；
2. 对杂志的要求；
3. 费用。
注意：
1. 词数80左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】Dear Jimmy,
I’m writing to ask for a favor from you. To help us students gain a glimpse into American culture, the Student Union is organizing an American Culture Festival. We’re now in urgent need of some American popular magazines that can reflect modern American society. So, could you please help select and buy some and send them to us We will cover all the relevant costs. Also, we would appreciate it if you could see to it that the contents of the magazines are suitable for Chinese middle school students. Thanks a lot!
Please reply at your earliest convenience!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】本文是一篇书信，写的时候要注意信的格式，并注意组织好篇章结构和要点的表述。其中要点包括：1. 求助的原因 2.对杂志的要求；3. 告知会承担所有费用。注意语言要简练，不罗嗦。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。
【范文亮点】：
本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，语言风格符合书信的文体要求，是一篇较好的范文。在文中，We’re now in urgent need of some American popular magazines that can reflect modern American society.这句话应用了that引导的定语从句，that又做了从句的主语。 we would appreciate it if you could see to it that the contents of the magazines are suitable for Chinese middle school students.这句话应用了虚拟语气。So，also等连词使文章语言自然流畅，内容过渡自然，增加了文章的可读性，使文章的表达更具有逻辑性，更富有条理。
