人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid Using Language词法和句法学习讲义
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid Using Language词法和句法学习讲义 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-15 08:51:39 | ||
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选择性必修2 Unit 5First Aid 词法和句法学习
Using Language
Reading and thinking
act as a barrier against disease act as 担任…角色，扮演，充当，起…作用
A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person．
一条经过训练的狗可以给盲人当向导。
prevent your body from losing too much water prevent...from 阻止/预防某人做某事
your sense of touch sense n. 感官；感觉；意识 v. 感觉到; 意识到; 觉察出
【词汇拓展】
sense of hearing听觉
sense of smell嗅觉
sense of sight视觉
sense of taste味觉
a sense of humour幽默感
I sensed that something was wrong as soon as I went in. 我一进去就感觉有点不对头。
a variety of varieties of 各种各样的
Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage.
现在分词短语做方式状语
turn white when pressed
when pressed 是when they are pressed 的省略形式。
Applying oil to the injured ares is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
apply...to... 涂抹
as引导原因状语从句
重点句式
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
As引导非常限制性定语从句，指代后面主句的内容。as是关系代词,在句中作imagine的宾语。
As you can imagine,we all enjoyed the party. 你可以想象到,我们在那次聚会上都玩得很开心。
As you can imagine,the exam is really difficult. 你可以想象到,考试相当难。
【句式拓展】
as用于引导非限制性定语从句时,根据情况可位于主句之前或之后,有时也可插在主句中间,其意为“这件事”，“这一点”。
As is often the case, children will soon get tired of their toys.
通常情况下，孩子们很快就会对自己的玩具感到厌倦。
David, as you know, has not been well lately.
大卫最近身体不太好，这一点你是知道的。
as用于引导限制性定语从句时,主要与such,as,the same连用,其意为“像……的” “凡是……的” “……一类的人(物)”。
He is not such a man as would leave his work half done.
他并不是一个做事半途而废的人。
You must show her the same respect as you show me.
你必须对她表现出与对我同样的敬重。
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。主句Remove any clothes是祈使句,unless引导的是条件状语从句。if necessary是省略语,表示“如果有必要的话”,完整的形式是if it is necessary。
If necessary,the patient can then visit his doctor for further advice.
如有必要,病人可以上门咨询自己的医生以得到更多的建议。
【句式拓展】
if构成的其他省略形式:
if any如果有的话
if possible如果有可能的话
if so如果是这样的话
if ever如果曾经有的话
if not如果不这样的话
【句式拓展】
unless意为“除非……”“如果不……”“除了……”,常用来引导一个否定意义的真实条件句。
(1)主句为肯定句
You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder.
如果你再不加把劲,你化学考试还会不及格。
(2)主句为否定句
Unless you oil the motor regularly,it won’t run smoothly.
要不是你定期地给发动机上油,它就不会转得那么顺畅。
You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal.
如果你不设定目标,你哪儿也去不了。
(3)unless在意义上相当于if...not,因此在有些场合中unless与if...not可互换使用。
I shall go there unless it rains.
=I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
如果不下雨,我就去那里。
Using Language
interrupt
【词汇精讲】 interrupt vt.& vi.打断;打扰 vt.使暂停;使中断
She tried to explain what had happened but he kept interrupting her.
她想解释发生的事情,但是他不停地打断她。
We had to interrupt our trip when we heard John’s mother was ill.
当我们听到约翰的妈妈病了时不得不终止旅行。
【词汇拓展】
be interrupted by被……打断/阻断
interruption n.打扰;插嘴;打岔; without interruption连续地;不断地
Desperate
【词汇精讲】desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的
The man was desperate when he saw no one came to save him.
看到没人来救他,那个人绝望了。
The doctors made one last desperate attempt to save the boy’s life.
为了挽救孩子的生命,医生们做了最后一搏。
【词汇拓展】
be desperate for...为……而拼命;急于
be desperate to do急着做……;拼命做……
There is no doubt that he is desperate for knowledge.
毫无疑问,他急需要知识。
With the help of Zhang’s friends,he was able to help Zhang to his feet.
在张的朋友的帮助下,他帮助张站了起来。
【词汇精讲】help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
An old man fell down and I helped him to his feet.
一位老人摔倒了,我帮助他站起身来。
【词汇拓展】
jump to one’s feet跳起来
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着起来
rise to one’s feet站起来
The wounded man struggled to his feet. 那名伤者挣扎着站起来。
He rose to his feet when the guests arrived. 客人到来时,他站了起来。
Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick,practical,and easy.
海姆利克急救法快速、实用、简单。
【词汇精讲】practical adj.切实可行的;实际的;实践的
It is not easy to make practical suggestions for helping her.
要提出切实可行的建议帮助她并不容易。
It wouldn’t be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend.
我们跑那么远只为了去过个周末实在很不切实际。
【词汇拓展】
practise vt.& vi.练习;训练
practise doing练习做……
practice n.实践;练习
We should make full use of every chance to practise speaking English.
我们要充分利用一切机会练习说英语。
She’s determined to put her new ideas into practice.
她决心要把自己的新想法付诸实践。
5.Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly,push up and into his stomach in one motion.
用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头,一起向上挤压他的胃。
【词汇精讲】grab vt.抓住;攫取 n.抓取;抢夺
She grabbed the child’s hand and ran. 她抓住孩子的手就跑。
Jim grabbed a cake from the plate. 吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
【词汇拓展】
grab sth from...从……里夺取
make a grab for抓住
He made a grab for the ball before it landed.
他在球落地前抓住了它。
6.How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing
我怎么能坐在那里什么都不做呢
【词汇精讲】 justify vt.证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由
Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
她的成功证明了老师们对她的信任。
You don’t need to justify yourself to me.
你不必向我解释你的理由。
【词汇拓展】
justify doing证明做……有道理
justify oneself证明自己有道理;为自己辩护
He has a strong desire to justify himself.
他迫切想为自己辩护。
I can’t really justify taking another day off work.
我实在没有理由再请一天假。
重点句式
They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.
他们在离开之前建议他吃得慢些,小口吃。
【句式剖析】They suggested是主句,he eat...是宾语从句,其中eat和take是并列谓语,before引导的是时间状语从句。suggest表示“建议”时,后面的宾语从句要用(should)do。
To master Mandarin,I strongly suggest that you (should)practice with Chinese people.
为了掌握普通话,我强烈建议你和中国人进行练习。
The doctor suggested that I (should)come again next week.
医生建议我下周再来一次。
【句式拓展】
(1)suggest to sb向某人建议
suggest doing sth建议做某事
I suggested to him that we should leave early.
我向他建议我们早点出发。
I suggested putting off the meeting until next week.
我建议把会议推迟到下一周。
(2)suggest表示“表明;暗示”时,后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气。
The expression on her face suggested that she was unhappy.
她脸上的表情表明她不高兴。
Using Language
Reading and thinking
act as a barrier against disease act as 担任…角色，扮演，充当，起…作用
A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person．
一条经过训练的狗可以给盲人当向导。
prevent your body from losing too much water prevent...from 阻止/预防某人做某事
your sense of touch sense n. 感官；感觉；意识 v. 感觉到; 意识到; 觉察出
【词汇拓展】
sense of hearing听觉
sense of smell嗅觉
sense of sight视觉
sense of taste味觉
a sense of humour幽默感
I sensed that something was wrong as soon as I went in. 我一进去就感觉有点不对头。
a variety of varieties of 各种各样的
Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage.
现在分词短语做方式状语
turn white when pressed
when pressed 是when they are pressed 的省略形式。
Applying oil to the injured ares is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
apply...to... 涂抹
as引导原因状语从句
重点句式
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
As引导非常限制性定语从句，指代后面主句的内容。as是关系代词,在句中作imagine的宾语。
As you can imagine,we all enjoyed the party. 你可以想象到,我们在那次聚会上都玩得很开心。
As you can imagine,the exam is really difficult. 你可以想象到,考试相当难。
【句式拓展】
as用于引导非限制性定语从句时,根据情况可位于主句之前或之后,有时也可插在主句中间,其意为“这件事”，“这一点”。
As is often the case, children will soon get tired of their toys.
通常情况下，孩子们很快就会对自己的玩具感到厌倦。
David, as you know, has not been well lately.
大卫最近身体不太好，这一点你是知道的。
as用于引导限制性定语从句时,主要与such,as,the same连用,其意为“像……的” “凡是……的” “……一类的人(物)”。
He is not such a man as would leave his work half done.
他并不是一个做事半途而废的人。
You must show her the same respect as you show me.
你必须对她表现出与对我同样的敬重。
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。主句Remove any clothes是祈使句,unless引导的是条件状语从句。if necessary是省略语,表示“如果有必要的话”,完整的形式是if it is necessary。
If necessary,the patient can then visit his doctor for further advice.
如有必要,病人可以上门咨询自己的医生以得到更多的建议。
【句式拓展】
if构成的其他省略形式:
if any如果有的话
if possible如果有可能的话
if so如果是这样的话
if ever如果曾经有的话
if not如果不这样的话
【句式拓展】
unless意为“除非……”“如果不……”“除了……”,常用来引导一个否定意义的真实条件句。
(1)主句为肯定句
You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder.
如果你再不加把劲,你化学考试还会不及格。
(2)主句为否定句
Unless you oil the motor regularly,it won’t run smoothly.
要不是你定期地给发动机上油,它就不会转得那么顺畅。
You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal.
如果你不设定目标,你哪儿也去不了。
(3)unless在意义上相当于if...not,因此在有些场合中unless与if...not可互换使用。
I shall go there unless it rains.
=I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
如果不下雨,我就去那里。
Using Language
interrupt
【词汇精讲】 interrupt vt.& vi.打断;打扰 vt.使暂停;使中断
She tried to explain what had happened but he kept interrupting her.
她想解释发生的事情,但是他不停地打断她。
We had to interrupt our trip when we heard John’s mother was ill.
当我们听到约翰的妈妈病了时不得不终止旅行。
【词汇拓展】
be interrupted by被……打断/阻断
interruption n.打扰;插嘴;打岔; without interruption连续地;不断地
Desperate
【词汇精讲】desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的
The man was desperate when he saw no one came to save him.
看到没人来救他,那个人绝望了。
The doctors made one last desperate attempt to save the boy’s life.
为了挽救孩子的生命,医生们做了最后一搏。
【词汇拓展】
be desperate for...为……而拼命;急于
be desperate to do急着做……;拼命做……
There is no doubt that he is desperate for knowledge.
毫无疑问,他急需要知识。
With the help of Zhang’s friends,he was able to help Zhang to his feet.
在张的朋友的帮助下,他帮助张站了起来。
【词汇精讲】help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
An old man fell down and I helped him to his feet.
一位老人摔倒了,我帮助他站起身来。
【词汇拓展】
jump to one’s feet跳起来
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着起来
rise to one’s feet站起来
The wounded man struggled to his feet. 那名伤者挣扎着站起来。
He rose to his feet when the guests arrived. 客人到来时,他站了起来。
Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick,practical,and easy.
海姆利克急救法快速、实用、简单。
【词汇精讲】practical adj.切实可行的;实际的;实践的
It is not easy to make practical suggestions for helping her.
要提出切实可行的建议帮助她并不容易。
It wouldn’t be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend.
我们跑那么远只为了去过个周末实在很不切实际。
【词汇拓展】
practise vt.& vi.练习;训练
practise doing练习做……
practice n.实践;练习
We should make full use of every chance to practise speaking English.
我们要充分利用一切机会练习说英语。
She’s determined to put her new ideas into practice.
她决心要把自己的新想法付诸实践。
5.Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly,push up and into his stomach in one motion.
用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头,一起向上挤压他的胃。
【词汇精讲】grab vt.抓住;攫取 n.抓取;抢夺
She grabbed the child’s hand and ran. 她抓住孩子的手就跑。
Jim grabbed a cake from the plate. 吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
【词汇拓展】
grab sth from...从……里夺取
make a grab for抓住
He made a grab for the ball before it landed.
他在球落地前抓住了它。
6.How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing
我怎么能坐在那里什么都不做呢
【词汇精讲】 justify vt.证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由
Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
她的成功证明了老师们对她的信任。
You don’t need to justify yourself to me.
你不必向我解释你的理由。
【词汇拓展】
justify doing证明做……有道理
justify oneself证明自己有道理;为自己辩护
He has a strong desire to justify himself.
他迫切想为自己辩护。
I can’t really justify taking another day off work.
我实在没有理由再请一天假。
重点句式
They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.
他们在离开之前建议他吃得慢些,小口吃。
【句式剖析】They suggested是主句,he eat...是宾语从句,其中eat和take是并列谓语,before引导的是时间状语从句。suggest表示“建议”时,后面的宾语从句要用(should)do。
To master Mandarin,I strongly suggest that you (should)practice with Chinese people.
为了掌握普通话,我强烈建议你和中国人进行练习。
The doctor suggested that I (should)come again next week.
医生建议我下周再来一次。
【句式拓展】
(1)suggest to sb向某人建议
suggest doing sth建议做某事
I suggested to him that we should leave early.
我向他建议我们早点出发。
I suggested putting off the meeting until next week.
我建议把会议推迟到下一周。
(2)suggest表示“表明;暗示”时,后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气。
The expression on her face suggested that she was unhappy.
她脸上的表情表明她不高兴。