《2024年新高考英语二轮复习小题狂练通关》
专题15【小题狂练】名词性从句用法通关
(高考真题+思维导图+备考干货+单句填空+语填运用) 原卷版
通关目录
一、高考真题—名词性从句3大考点21例 1
二、备考干货—名词性从句高考考向+思维导图+考点梳理 2
三、单句填空—最新高频易错典型题40例 3
四、读后续写—巧用名词性从句助力读后续写12例(高考真题语料) 7
五、语篇模拟—纪录片《烟火人间》+VR技术表演京剧吸引年轻人关注 8
六、原创语填—南丁格尔2023年 “国际成就奖”获得者章金媛 9
一、高考真题分类通关
考点一：考查名词性从句that和what的用法
1.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote.
2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer.
3.（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
4.（2020·天津卷改编）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.
5.（2019全国I卷）While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
6.（2021年天津卷改编）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
7.（2020年浙江卷）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
8.（2019·江苏卷改编）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
考点二：考查名词性从句if和whether的用法
9.（2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
10.（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible.
11.（2020·江苏卷改编）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
考点三：考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where. how的用法
12.（2022新高考II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know _________ to thank him.”
13. (2022天津卷改编) Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety.
14.（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．
15.（2021年天津卷改编）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
16.（2019北京卷改编）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
17.（2018年天津卷改编）The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
18.（2018年江苏卷改编）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
19.（2018全国III卷）I'm not sure __________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
20.（2018年北京卷改编）Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
21.（2015全国II卷）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
二、名词性从句复习备考干货通关
一、名词性从句高考考向
动向一、连接词that和what用法区别
动向二、连接词whatever和whichever区别
动向三、连接词if和whether用法区别
二、名词性从句考点思维导图
三、名词性从句高频考点梳理
（一）that引导的名词性从句
1. 引导主语从句
1) It is/was+形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句。
It is certain that our team will win the game.我们队一定会赢得比赛。
It is no wonder that our team won the game.我们队赢了那场比赛并不足为奇
2)It+不及物动词+that从句。
It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
我没想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
2. 引导宾语从句
1)放在及物动词、形容词或介词之后引导宾语从句。
I truly believe that beauty comes from within.我真的相信美来自内心。
I am afraid that you're mistaken.恐怕你弄错了。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless. 他是个好学生，就是有点儿粗心。
2)及物动词+it+宾补+that从句。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已经明确表示他是不会屈服的。
3.放在系动词之后引导表语从句。
My decision is that we're to start at 6:00 am tomorrow.我的决定是我们明天早上6点出发。
4.放在抽象名词之后并对其进行解释说明，引导同位语从句。
The news that we won the game is inspiring.我们赢得比赛的消息鼓舞人心。
（二）连接代词引导的名词性从句
1. what 相当于 the thing(s) that.….,意为“ ……的东西”。
What(=The thing that) they need is a good textbook.他们需要的是一本好课本。
2. whatever 相当于 anything that…,意为…的任何东西”。
You can take whatever (=anything that)you like.你可以拿走你喜欢的任何东西
3. whichever 相当于 any member of a group of people or things that.…,意为“(在某范围之内)……的任何人或物”。
Whichever book he bought would be paid for. (这些书中)无论他买哪一本书都要付款
It doesn’t matter whichever you choose.你选择哪一个对我来说都无所谓。
4.whoever 相当于 anyone who,意为“……的任何人”。
The gold medal will be awarded to whoever(=anyone who) wins first place in the bicycle race.
金牌将会奖给任何在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。
（三）连接副词when，where，how，why引导的名词性从句
1. 宾语从句:
You can't imagine how close we are to success.你无法想象我们离成功有多近。
2. 主语从句:
Why he's often absent from class is a mystery.他为什么总是缺课是个谜。
3. 表语从句:
I had a cold. That's why I didn’t attend school.我感冒了,因此我没上学。
温馨提醒：
why引导的表语从句强调结果；because引导的表语从句强调原因。 I didn't attend school. That's because I had a cold.我没上学，那是因为我感冒了。
4.同位语从句:
My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.
我如何能和他取得联系的问题还没有得到答复。
（四）whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句
1．引导主语从句
1) 放在句首引导主语从句，用whether。
Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.是否要开会仍然是个问题。
2) 与表示选择的or...连用,用whether。
It makes no difference whether he stays or leaves.他是留下还是离开无关紧要。
3) 与or not 直接连用,用 whether
It makes no difference whether or not he comes.他是否来无关紧要。
4) 与or not 不直接连用,用whether 或if。
It makes no difference whether/if he comes or not,他是否来无关紧要。
2．引导宾语从句
1) 作介词的宾语，只用whether。
It depends on whether you can do the work well.
那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。
2) 后接不定式时，只用whether。
I don't know whether to go there. 我不知道(我)是否去那里。
3) 当宾语从句为否定句时，只用 if不用 whether。
I don't care if he doesn’t come我不在乎他是否来。
4) 当宾语从句中不含or/or not，或与or not不直接连用时，则if或whether均可使用。
He didn't tell me if/whether he would come. 他没告诉我他是否来。
I don't care whether/if he comes or not. 我不在乎他是否来。
3．引导表语从句、同位语从句只用whether,不用if。
The problem is whether the meeting will be held. 问题是这个会议是否将要举行。
I have no idea whether the meeting will be held. 我不知道会议是否会举行。
（五）that引导定语从句与that引导同位语从句的区别
1．that引导定语从句,that可以省略。
The news (that) we heard was not true.我们听到的那则消息不是真的。
2．that引导同位语从句，that不作成分，不能省略。
The news came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed.
会议要被推迟的消息在下午两点左右传来。
（六）that，what引导名词性从句的区别
1．that不可省略(宾语从句除外)，在从句中不作成分，没有意义。
That he will succeed is obvious.显然，他会成功。
2．what不可省略，在从句中作成分，有词义(一般指……的东西/事情/人等)。
What she told me is not true她所告诉我的都不是真的。
（七）doubt 后的名词性从句
1．在否定句式中,用that引导。
There is no doubt that well win. 毫无疑问，我们会赢。
I don't doubt that you are honest. 我不怀疑你的诚实。
2．在肯定句式中，doubt 用作动词时,用 whether/if引导;doubt用作名词时，用whether引导。
I doubt whether/if it is true. 我怀疑它是否真实。
There is still some doubt whether he will come他是否会来仍然有点疑问。
三、名词性从句单句填空强化通关
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2024下 高三课时练习）The reason why he was late was ________ his car broke down on the way.
2.（2024下 福建福州 高三开学考试）I never doubt, though it may seem dated, ________ this song is worth listening to.
3.（2024下 福建福州 高三开学考试）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering ________ hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
4.（2024下 福建福州 高三开学考试）But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of ________ it would be like to live there.
5.（2024下 全国 高三随堂练习）________close parents are to their children has a great effect on the character of the children.
6.（2024下 全国 高三随堂练习） ________wants to see the film must buy a ticket first. Otherwise, you wouldn’t get into the cinema.
7.（2024下 山东济宁 高三开学考试）________excited me most was something that happened during our military training.
8.（2023上 广东惠州 高三期末）The biggest reason why he want to devote himself to science is ________ he has been inspired by those great scientist.
9.（2024上 江苏南京 高三校考期末）There is still some doubt ________ the sports meeting will be held in our school next Friday because of the possible rain.
10.（2024上 江苏南京 高三校考期末）As the city expands, dozens of modern buildings have been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago.
11.（2024上 高三课时练习）He proved that it's not ________happens to us that determines our lives.
12.（2024上 江苏镇江 高三统考期末）We should be positive enough though we don’t know ________life may hold in store for us.
13.（2024上 广东东莞 高三统考期末）The question is ________ will be selected to be the coach for the football team.
14.（2024上 江苏盐城 高三校考期末）When asked, the boy said that he didn’t have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom.
15.（2023下 高三课时练习）After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind ________ the police could find her lost child.
16.（2024上 全国 高三专题练习）Legend has it ________ monsters live the Kanas Lake’s depth and they often drag drinking horses and camels into the water before swallowing them.
17.（2023上 高三课时练习）After ________ seemed like hours, he came out with a bitter smile.
18.（2023上 广东东莞 高三阶段练习）What surprised us was ________ he worked out the problem in such a short time.
19.（2023上 江苏盐城 高三考阶段练习）Director James Cameron even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see ________ was left of the ship for himself.
20.（2023上 广东东莞 高三阶段练习）It remains to be seen ________ the measures will take effect or not.
21.（2023上 高三课时练习）There is no possibility ________Mark will finish the challenging task by himself within two days.
22.（2023上 高三课时练习）How could we live without the Internet That's ________ most of us keep in touch with each other.
23.（2023上 高三课时练习）You are saying that everyone has already had equal rights，and this is ________ I disagree.
24.（2023上 福建厦门 高三厦门市松柏中学校考阶段练习）The outside and inside of the stinky tofu exist as two extremely different worlds. Perhaps that is ________makes it such a tasty dish.
25.（2023上 江苏镇江 高三统考期中）You can count on it ________ the sun will rise in the east every morning.
26.（2022上 广东深圳 高三校考期中）Not knowing the nearest hospital is located, she turned to the police for help with her bleeding nose pressed.
27.（2023上 吉林长春 高三校考期中）How did it come about a quiet person should appear so wild today
28.（2023上 内蒙古赤峰 高三阶段练习）Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in ________effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
29.（2023上 江苏镇江 高三阶段练习）In order to observe and study chimps in their natural environment, Jane Goodall came to ________is now Tanzania at the age of 26.
30.（2022下 高三课前预习）The idea ________ we should protect our cultural and natural heritages has won the approval of everyone.
31.（2023上 高三课时练习）It makes no difference ________you go by bus or by bike, as long as you arrive on time.
32.（2023上 高三课时练习）One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is ________the popular belief cats have nine lives.
33.（2024上 高三单元测试）Giant pandas are seen as living proof ________ conservation works, the numbers of which in the wild are recovering after years of decline.
34.（2023上 高三课时练习） I'm concerned about most is whether we can collect a huge amount of information in such a short time.
35.（2023下 辽宁 高三校考阶段练习）During the summer holiday, we paid a visit to ________ once was our primary school.
36.（2021上 高三课前预习）The idea ________ the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here.
37.（2022下 河南南阳 高三阶段练习）Information has been put forward ________ more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.
38.（2023上 高三课时练习）The volunteers have made it a rule ________they go to the orphanage once a week to keep company with the orphans there.
39.（2022上 河南南阳 高三阶段练习）While making friends, we’re supposed to focus on what we have in common and set aside ________ we disagree.
40.（2023下 高三课时练习）Although there seemed only a slim chance ________the trees could survive, the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
四、巧用名词性从句助力书面表达通关(高考真题语料)
书面表达句式升级：请运用语法项目翻译下列各句。
1. (2024浙江1月卷)她做梦也没想到自己能取得如此引人注目的成绩！
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2. (2024浙江1月卷)当太阳射出光芒时，女孩注意到阴影是如何在地面上形成图案，引导着她的去路的。
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3. (2023新高考I&II卷)得知自己获得一等奖，三天后将举行颁奖典礼，我非常激动。
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4. (2023新高考I&II卷)这次经历让我意识到，只要我们勇于尝试，就一定能够取得成功。
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5. (2023浙江1月卷)当我走近房子时，一种好奇心席卷了我，不知道那只小鸟是否还在身边。
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6. (2023浙江1月卷)这只鸟好像在等我，它的眼睛紧紧地盯着我，好像在试图表达一些不言而喻的感激之情。
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7. (2023浙江1月卷)我赶回那所废弃的房子。窗户上原来的洞找不到了，这是一种极大的安慰。
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8. (2023浙江1月卷)当我开车离开时，我知道那次相遇的记忆将永远伴随着我。
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9. (2022新高考I&II卷)想到大卫会多么沮丧，我很难过，因为他以前从未错过过一次训练。
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10. (2022新高考I&II卷)渐渐地，大卫上气不接下气，很明显他的脚步越来越重。
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11. (2021新高考I&II卷)看到美味的早餐，这对双胞胎可以想象他们的母亲在享用时会多么惊讶和自豪。
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12. (2021新高考I&II卷)惊喜来得太突然他们的母亲没有意识到发生了什么事。
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五、最新语法填空语篇训练通关
A) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三下·湖南邵阳·开学考试）This Is Life, a documentary film, is set to grace the nation’s big screens on Jan. 13. The film features more than 800 short videos 41 (shoot) by 509 ordinary people from all 42 (walk) of life, especially manual laborers and farmers. The videos 43 (select) by the production crew over the course of a year from 44 total of more than 50,000 video clips (片段).
By gathering the short video footage, the film engages ordinary people in its creation and presents their authentic life experience, 45 (allow) those who are often inadequately represented in mainstream cinemas to take center stage.
According to the film’s director Sun Hong, by gathering, selecting 46 compiling (编辑) video clips from a vast database, the film presents how people record their own lives, which possesses a power of authenticity even 47 (great) than traditional documentaries.
In the film, the audience will see construction workers working out on the construction site during their spare time, fishermen talking to their cormorants and teasing their greediness for fish, or boatmen celebrating a rare day 48 they could use tap water.
“It is our creative effort, as documentary filmmakers, 49 (present) an authentic facet of China, highlighting how each individual establishes themselves in a 50 (rapid) developing society,” says Sun.
B) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三上·广东惠州·阶段练习）Peking Opera, regarded as the national essence of China, is getting 51 (hard) and harder to attract the interest of young people. So the Beijing government has come up with an idea, by 52 (team) up with virtual reality company Noitom.
For Beijing residents, watching Peking Opera performances used to be 53 must for the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old times. Today, people don’t have to go to the theater to appreciate Peking Opera. Instead, they enjoy it through virtual reality, 54 opens a window for attracting some young people who can’t afford 55 (go) to the theater to see a Peking Opera 56 (perform).
Noitom, the company behind this project, has been working 57 Peking Opera artists since 2014. It eventually digitized all the elements, including theater, stage, costume, stage property 58 martial arts. All the efforts are made to increase young people’s interest.
Technology and cultural traditions are not always in conflict, but sometimes can benefit from each other. As the biggest Chinese opera form, now Peking Opera 59 (consider) as a true “Oriental Opera”. To preserve it in the long run, technology will 60 (definite) be part of the solution.
六、原创语法填空语篇训练通关
Retired nurse in her 90s leads volunteer service
On a chilly, damp morning last weekend, Zhang Jinyuan, the former head of the nursing department at Nanchang First Hospital in Jiangxi province and two medical staff members gave a lecture to five volunteers 1 (train) to provide community service.
After half an hour of instruction, Zhang and the volunteers headed out to provide health monitoring and nursing 2 (guide) to two elderly people. One was a 91-year-old suffering from Alzheimer's and diabetes, and the 3 was a 72-year-old with limited mobility, low vision and a history of strokes.
Zhang, who is in her 90s, 4 (initiate) the volunteer service 24 years ago. In 2000, Zhang and 16 other retired colleagues set up the Jiangxi Red Cross Caring Center 5 (provide) services at the community level.
During her evaluations, she found that hospitals were doing well in all aspects of work, but the patients kept returning — the same old patients 6 (train) were cured one day but came back the next. "I found that either they forgot to take their medicine 7 (train) their family members weren't taking good care of them," she said. "So, I thought our society and communities were in need of methods to take care of the vulnerable 8 a scientific way."
Over the past two decades, Zhang and her team of volunteers 9 (assist) more than 700,000 people. In 2003, Zhang received the Florence Nightingale Medal, the world's 10 (high) nursing honor.《2024年新高考英语二轮复习小题狂练通关》
专题15【小题狂练】名词性从句用法通关
(高考真题+思维导图+备考干货+单句填空+语填运用) 解析版
通关目录
一、高考真题—名词性从句3大考点21例 1
二、备考干货—名词性从句高考考向+思维导图+考点梳理 4
三、单句填空—最新高频易错典型题40例 7
四、读后续写—巧用名词性从句助力读后续写12例(高考真题语料) 13
五、语篇模拟—纪录片《烟火人间》+VR技术表演京剧吸引年轻人关注 13
六、原创语填—南丁格尔2023年 “国际成就奖”获得者章金媛 16
一、高考真题分类通关
考点一：考查名词性从句that和what的用法
1.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote.
答案：what
解析：考查表语从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer.
答案：why。
解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
3.（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
答案：what
解析：考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。
4.（2020·天津卷改编）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.
答案：what
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故填what。
5.（2019全国I卷）While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
答案：that
解析：考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
6.（2021年天津卷改编）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故填what。
7.（2020年浙江卷）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
答案：what
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
8.（2019·江苏卷改编）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
答案：that
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
考点二：考查名词性从句if和whether的用法
9.（2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
答案：if/whether
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。
10.（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible.
答案：if/whether
解析：考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。
11.（2020·江苏卷改编）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
答案：whether
解析：考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故填whether。
考点三：考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where. how的用法
12.（2022新高考II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know _________ to thank him.”
答案：how
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
13. (2022天津卷改编) Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety.
答案：how
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何，怎样”的连词how符合句意。故填how。
14.（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．
答案：where
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。
15.（2021年天津卷改编）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
答案：why
解析：考查表语从句。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。分析句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故填why。
16.（2019北京卷改编）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
答案：where
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
17.（2018年天津卷改编）The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
答案：whoever
解析：考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故填whoever。
18.（2018年江苏卷改编）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
答案：how
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故填how。
19.（2018全国III卷）I'm not sure __________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
答案：who
解析：考查宾语从句。从句中缺少主语，逗号后面是me or the gorilla，并且后文用her来指代猩猩，将其拟人化了，因此用"who"。
20.（2018年北京卷改编）Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
答案：where
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。 “_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。
21.（2015全国II卷）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
答案：how
解析：考查名词性从句。 句意：美国西南部印第安人们清楚土胚墙需要多么厚才能最好地保证房内冷热的循环。 “________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days”是figure out的宾语从句。 由句意可知，该从句要用how引导。 how修饰形容词thick，意为"多么"。
二、名词性从句复习备考干货通关
一、名词性从句高考考向
动向一、连接词that和what用法区别
动向二、连接词whatever和whichever区别
动向三、连接词if和whether用法区别
二、名词性从句考点思维导图
三、名词性从句高频考点梳理
（一）that引导的名词性从句
1. 引导主语从句
1) It is/was+形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句。
It is certain that our team will win the game.我们队一定会赢得比赛。
It is no wonder that our team won the game.我们队赢了那场比赛并不足为奇
2)It+不及物动词+that从句。
It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
我没想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
2. 引导宾语从句
1)放在及物动词、形容词或介词之后引导宾语从句。
I truly believe that beauty comes from within.我真的相信美来自内心。
I am afraid that you're mistaken.恐怕你弄错了。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless. 他是个好学生，就是有点儿粗心。
2)及物动词+it+宾补+that从句。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已经明确表示他是不会屈服的。
3.放在系动词之后引导表语从句。
My decision is that we're to start at 6:00 am tomorrow.我的决定是我们明天早上6点出发。
4.放在抽象名词之后并对其进行解释说明，引导同位语从句。
The news that we won the game is inspiring.我们赢得比赛的消息鼓舞人心。
（二）连接代词引导的名词性从句
1. what 相当于 the thing(s) that.….,意为“ ……的东西”。
What(=The thing that) they need is a good textbook.他们需要的是一本好课本。
2. whatever 相当于 anything that…,意为…的任何东西”。
You can take whatever (=anything that)you like.你可以拿走你喜欢的任何东西
3. whichever 相当于 any member of a group of people or things that.…,意为“(在某范围之内)……的任何人或物”。
Whichever book he bought would be paid for. (这些书中)无论他买哪一本书都要付款
It doesn’t matter whichever you choose.你选择哪一个对我来说都无所谓。
4.whoever 相当于 anyone who,意为“……的任何人”。
The gold medal will be awarded to whoever(=anyone who) wins first place in the bicycle race.
金牌将会奖给任何在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。
（三）连接副词when，where，how，why引导的名词性从句
1. 宾语从句:
You can't imagine how close we are to success.你无法想象我们离成功有多近。
2. 主语从句:
Why he's often absent from class is a mystery.他为什么总是缺课是个谜。
3. 表语从句:
I had a cold. That's why I didn’t attend school.我感冒了,因此我没上学。
温馨提醒：
why引导的表语从句强调结果；because引导的表语从句强调原因。 I didn't attend school. That's because I had a cold.我没上学，那是因为我感冒了。
4.同位语从句:
My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.
我如何能和他取得联系的问题还没有得到答复。
（四）whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句
1．引导主语从句
1) 放在句首引导主语从句，用whether。
Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.是否要开会仍然是个问题。
2) 与表示选择的or...连用,用whether。
It makes no difference whether he stays or leaves.他是留下还是离开无关紧要。
3) 与or not 直接连用,用 whether
It makes no difference whether or not he comes.他是否来无关紧要。
4) 与or not 不直接连用,用whether 或if。
It makes no difference whether/if he comes or not,他是否来无关紧要。
2．引导宾语从句
1) 作介词的宾语，只用whether。
It depends on whether you can do the work well.
那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。
2) 后接不定式时，只用whether。
I don't know whether to go there. 我不知道(我)是否去那里。
3) 当宾语从句为否定句时，只用 if不用 whether。
I don't care if he doesn’t come我不在乎他是否来。
4) 当宾语从句中不含or/or not，或与or not不直接连用时，则if或whether均可使用。
He didn't tell me if/whether he would come. 他没告诉我他是否来。
I don't care whether/if he comes or not. 我不在乎他是否来。
3．引导表语从句、同位语从句只用whether,不用if。
The problem is whether the meeting will be held. 问题是这个会议是否将要举行。
I have no idea whether the meeting will be held. 我不知道会议是否会举行。
（五）that引导定语从句与that引导同位语从句的区别
1．that引导定语从句,that可以省略。
The news (that) we heard was not true.我们听到的那则消息不是真的。
2．that引导同位语从句，that不作成分，不能省略。
The news came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed.
会议要被推迟的消息在下午两点左右传来。
（六）that，what引导名词性从句的区别
1．that不可省略(宾语从句除外)，在从句中不作成分，没有意义。
That he will succeed is obvious.显然，他会成功。
2．what不可省略，在从句中作成分，有词义(一般指……的东西/事情/人等)。
What she told me is not true她所告诉我的都不是真的。
（七）doubt 后的名词性从句
1．在否定句式中,用that引导。
There is no doubt that well win. 毫无疑问，我们会赢。
I don't doubt that you are honest. 我不怀疑你的诚实。
2．在肯定句式中，doubt 用作动词时,用 whether/if引导;doubt用作名词时，用whether引导。
I doubt whether/if it is true. 我怀疑它是否真实。
There is still some doubt whether he will come他是否会来仍然有点疑问。
三、名词性从句单句填空强化通关
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2024下 高三课时练习）The reason why he was late was ________ his car broke down on the way.
【答案】that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他的车在路上坏了。分析可知，系动词was后为表语从句，从句中意义完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。
2.（2024下 福建福州 高三开学考试）I never doubt, though it may seem dated, ________ this song is worth listening to.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我从不怀疑，尽管这首歌似乎过时了，但它值得一听。动词doubt用于否定句，其宾语从句应用that引导。故填that。
3.（2024下 福建福州 高三开学考试）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering ________ hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
【答案】how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：接下来是一系列无休止的步骤。你不禁想知道，当时人们把这些石头都放好是多么困难。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用连接副词how“多么”修饰形容词hard，引导宾语从句。故填how。
4.（2024下 福建福州 高三开学考试）But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of ________ it would be like to live there.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：但每天，我们都会坐在湖边，看着房子，梦想着住在那里会是什么样子。空处引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
5.（2024下 全国 高三随堂练习）________close parents are to their children has a great effect on the character of the children.
【答案】How
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：父母与孩子的亲密程度对孩子的性格有很大的影响。分析句子结构可知，“______close parents are to their children”是主语从句，指父母与孩子的亲密程度，用how引导从句，修饰形容词close。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填How。
6.（2024下 全国 高三随堂练习） ________wants to see the film must buy a ticket first. Otherwise, you wouldn’t get into the cinema.
【答案】Whoever
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁想看这部电影就必须先买票。否则，你就进不了电影院。分析句子结构可知，本空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语且意为“无论谁，任何人”，用whoever引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whoever。
7.（2024下 山东济宁 高三开学考试）________excited me most was something that happened during our military training.
【答案】What
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：最让我兴奋的是我们军训期间发生的一件事。分析句子结构可知，“excited me most”是主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“(最让我兴奋的)事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填What。
8.（2023上 广东惠州 高三期末）The biggest reason why he want to devote himself to science is ________ he has been inspired by those great scientist.
【答案】that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他想献身于科学事业的最大原因是受到了那些伟大科学家的启发。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导表语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。
9.（2024上 江苏南京 高三校考期末）There is still some doubt ________ the sports meeting will be held in our school next Friday because of the possible rain.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：由于可能下雨，我们学校下星期五是否举行运动会仍有疑问。说明doubt的内容，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。
10.（2024上 江苏南京 高三校考期末）As the city expands, dozens of modern buildings have been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：随着城市的扩张，十年前的荒地上建起了几十座现代建筑。介词后接宾语从句，从句缺主语，表示“事物、东西”，使用连接代词what引导。故填what。
11.（2024上 高三课时练习）He proved that it's not ________happens to us that determines our lives.
【答案】what
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他证明了不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活。分析句子结构可知，“it’s not _________happens to us that determines our lives”是强调句，其中被强调的内容是主语，所以空处引导主语从句“______happens to us”，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。
12.（2024上 江苏镇江 高三统考期末）We should be positive enough though we don’t know ________life may hold in store for us.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：虽然我们不知道生活中会发生什么，但我们应该保持积极的态度。在宾语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
13.（2024上 广东东莞 高三统考期末）The question is ________ will be selected to be the coach for the football team.
【答案】who
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁将被选为足球队的教练。根据句子结构可知，该句为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，所以用连接代词who引导，故填who。
14.（2024上 江苏盐城 高三校考期末）When asked, the boy said that he didn’t have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom.
【答案】what
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：当被问到这个问题时，这个男孩说他不知道教室里到底发生了什么。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导同位语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“某事”，因此使用what引导同位语从句解释名词 idea，故填what。
15.（2023下 高三课时练习）After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind ________ the police could find her lost child.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：经过三天的等待，这位母亲心里有点怀疑警察是否能找到她丢失的孩子。此处是doubt的同位语从句，连接词表示“是否”，应用whether引导。故填whether。
16.（2024上 全国 高三专题练习）Legend has it ________ monsters live the Kanas Lake’s depth and they often drag drinking horses and camels into the water before swallowing them.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：传说喀纳斯湖深处生活着怪物，它们经常把喝水的马和骆驼拖到水里吞下去。分析句子结构可知，it为形式宾语，此处应为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句句意完整，所以此处使用连接词that。故填that。
17.（2023上 高三课时练习）After ________ seemed like hours, he came out with a bitter smile.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句作介词“after”的宾语，从句缺主语，指代“时间”，故用what引导。故填what。
18.（2023上 广东东莞 高三阶段练习）What surprised us was ________ he worked out the problem in such a short time.
【答案】that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：使我们吃惊的是他在这么短的时间内就做出了这道题。分析句子可知，此处为从属连词that引导的表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无实意。故填that。
19.（2023上 江苏盐城 高三考阶段练习）Director James Cameron even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see ________ was left of the ship for himself.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：导演詹姆斯 卡梅隆甚至下到大西洋底部，亲眼看看这艘巨轮还剩下什么。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，空处为引导词在从句中作主语，指代“剩下的东西”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
20.（2023上 广东东莞 高三阶段练习）It remains to be seen ________ the measures will take effect or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这些措施是否会生效还有待观察。空处引导主语从句，it是形式主语，从句缺少“是否”之意，应用whether，与or not构成固定搭配whether...or not，故填whether。
21.（2023上 高三课时练习）There is no possibility ________Mark will finish the challenging task by himself within two days.
【答案】that
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：马克不可能在两天内独自完成这项具有挑战性的任务。there is no possibility that固定句型，意为“不可能……”，that引导的从句是同位语从句，故填that。
22.（2023上 高三课时练习）How could we live without the Internet That's ________ most of us keep in touch with each other.
【答案】how
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：没有互联网我们怎么生活？这就是我们大多数人保持联系的方式。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导表语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文需要表示方式的连词how引导。故填how。
23.（2023上 高三课时练习）You are saying that everyone has already had equal rights，and this is ________ I disagree.
【答案】where
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你是说每个人都有平等的权利，而这正是我不同意的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处应填一个引导表语从句的连接词，不及物动词disagree后不接宾语，where在表语从句中做地点状语。故填where。
24.（2023上 福建厦门 高三厦门市松柏中学校考阶段练习）The outside and inside of the stinky tofu exist as two extremely different worlds. Perhaps that is ________makes it such a tasty dish.
【答案】what
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：臭豆腐的内外是两个截然不同的世界。也许这就是它如此美味的原因。分析可知，此处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
25.（2023上 江苏镇江 高三统考期中）You can count on it ________ the sun will rise in the east every morning.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：你可以相信每天早晨太阳都会从东方升起。分析句子的结构可知，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为从句“the sun will rise in the east every morning.(每天早晨太阳都会从东方升起)”从句不缺成分，表示完整的意思，应用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
26.（2022上 广东深圳 高三校考期中）Not knowing the nearest hospital is located, she turned to the police for help with her bleeding nose pressed.
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：由于不知道最近的医院在哪里，她压住流血的鼻子，向警察求助。分析句子结构，空处引导一个宾语从句，作knowing的宾语。根据从句中的is located可知，这里表示地点，应用where引导，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
27.（2023上 吉林长春 高三校考期中）How did it come about a quiet person should appear so wild today
【答案】that
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：一个文静的人今天怎么会显得如此狂野呢？此处it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，仅起连接作用。故填that。
28.（2023上 内蒙古赤峰 高三阶段练习）Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in ________effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们能否拥有清洁的饮用水取决于政府将采取什么有效措施来解决水污染问题。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，且由句意可知，这里表示“用什么有效的措施”，所以用what来引导宾语从句。故填what。
29.（2023上 江苏镇江 高三阶段练习）In order to observe and study chimps in their natural environment, Jane Goodall came to ________is now Tanzania at the age of 26.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：为了在自然环境中观察和研究黑猩猩，26岁的珍 古道尔来到了现在的坦桑尼亚。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“26岁的珍 古道尔来到了现在的坦桑尼亚”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
30.（2022下 高三课前预习）The idea ________ we should protect our cultural and natural heritages has won the approval of everyone.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该保护我们的文化和自然遗产的想法赢得了每个人的赞同。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。
31.（2023上 高三课时练习）It makes no difference ________you go by bus or by bike, as long as you arrive on time.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查固定句型。句意： 只要你准时到达，无论你是坐公共汽车还是骑自行车都没什么区别。It为形式主语，whether引导的主语从句为真正的主语，该从句中whether...or...意为“是……还是……”，表示二选一。故填whether。
32.（2023上 高三课时练习）One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is ________the popular belief cats have nine lives.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：最令我们着迷的其中一件事情就是猫有九命这个普遍的看法。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词belief，从句不缺成分，并且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。
33.（2024上 高三单元测试）Giant pandas are seen as living proof ________ conservation works, the numbers of which in the wild are recovering after years of decline.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：大熊猫被视为保护工作取得成果的活生生的证明，野生大熊猫的数量在多年的减少后正在恢复。空格处引导同位语从句解释说明名词proof，从句句意完整，成分齐全，应该用连接代词that引导同位语从句。故填that。
34.（2023上 高三课时练习） I'm concerned about most is whether we can collect a huge amount of information in such a short time.
【答案】What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我最关心的是我们能否在这么短的时间内收集到大量的信息。此处的连接词，需在从句中作为about的宾语，且表示“什么”之意，故填What。
35.（2023下 辽宁 高三校考阶段练习）During the summer holiday, we paid a visit to ________ once was our primary school.
【答案】what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：暑假期间，我们参观了曾经是我们小学的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。
36.（2021上 高三课前预习）The idea ________ the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：政府将接管无人驾驶汽车并将其视为公共产品的想法在这里绝对行不通。连词that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作成分，无实义。分析句子可知，“the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good”是同位语从句，从句句意和结构完整，是对名词idea内容的说明，从句引导词在句中不作成分，无实义。综上，应用连词that引导词该同位语从句。故填that。
37.（2022下 河南南阳 高三阶段练习）Information has been put forward ________ more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有消息称更多的高中毕业生将被大学录取。分析句式结构，此处是同位语从句解释说明information的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，所以用连词that来引导。故填that。
38.（2023上 高三课时练习）The volunteers have made it a rule ________they go to the orphanage once a week to keep company with the orphans there.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：志愿者们规定他们每周去一次孤儿院，陪伴那里的孤儿。it是形式宾语，空处引导宾语从句，从句的成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导宾语从句。故填that。
39.（2022上 河南南阳 高三阶段练习）While making friends, we’re supposed to focus on what we have in common and set aside ________ we disagree.
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在交朋友的时候，我们应该把注意力集中在我们的共同点上，把我们的分歧放在一边。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导，在从句中作地点状语，根据句意，应用where引导。故填where。
40.（2023下 高三课时练习）Although there seemed only a slim chance ________the trees could survive, the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
【答案】that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：虽然这些树存活的可能性很小，但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。引导同位语从句，说明chance的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故填that。
四、巧用名词性从句助力书面表达通关(高考真题语料)
书面表达句式升级：请运用语法项目翻译下列各句。
1. (2024浙江1月卷)她做梦也没想到自己能取得如此引人注目的成绩！
1. Never in her wildest dream had she imagined that she could achieve such an eye-catching score!
2. (2024浙江1月卷)当太阳射出光芒时，女孩注意到阴影是如何在地面上形成图案，引导着她的去路的。
2. As the sun cast its rays, the girl noticed how the shadows created patterns on the ground, guiding her path.
3. (2023新高考I&II卷)得知自己获得一等奖，三天后将举行颁奖典礼，我非常激动。
3. I was thrilled to learn that I had gained the first prize and an award ceremony would be held in three days.
4. (2023新高考I&II卷)这次经历让我意识到，只要我们勇于尝试，就一定能够取得成功。
4.This experience made me realize that as long as we are brave enough to try, we can surely achieve success.
5. (2023浙江1月卷)当我走近房子时，一种好奇心席卷了我，不知道那只小鸟是否还在身边。
5.A sense of curiosity swept over me as I approached the house, wondering if the little bird was still around.
6. (2023浙江1月卷)这只鸟好像在等我，它的眼睛紧紧地盯着我，好像在试图表达一些不言而喻的感激之情。
6.It seemed as if the bird was waiting for me, its eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some unspoken gratitude.
7. (2023浙江1月卷)我赶回那所废弃的房子。窗户上原来的洞找不到了，这是一种极大的安慰。
7.I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found.
8. (2023浙江1月卷)当我开车离开时，我知道那次相遇的记忆将永远伴随着我。
8.As I drove away, I knew that the memory of that encounter would stay with me forever.
9. (2022新高考I&II卷)想到大卫会多么沮丧，我很难过，因为他以前从未错过过一次训练。
9.It saddened me to imagine how upset David would be since he had never missed a single practice before.
10. (2022新高考I&II卷)渐渐地，大卫上气不接下气，很明显他的脚步越来越重。
10.Gradually, David was out of breath and it was obvious that his footsteps were heavier and heavier.
11. (2021新高考I&II卷)看到美味的早餐，这对双胞胎可以想象他们的母亲在享用时会多么惊讶和自豪。
11. Seeing the delicious breakfast, the twins could imagine how surprised and proud their mother would be when enjoying it.
12. (2021新高考I&II卷)惊喜来得太突然他们的母亲没有意识到发生了什么事。
12. So sudden was the surprise that their mother didn't realize what had happened.
五、最新语法填空语篇训练通关
A) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三下·湖南邵阳·开学考试）This Is Life, a documentary film, is set to grace the nation’s big screens on Jan. 13. The film features more than 800 short videos 41 (shoot) by 509 ordinary people from all 42 (walk) of life, especially manual laborers and farmers. The videos 43 (select) by the production crew over the course of a year from 44 total of more than 50,000 video clips (片段).
By gathering the short video footage, the film engages ordinary people in its creation and presents their authentic life experience, 45 (allow) those who are often inadequately represented in mainstream cinemas to take center stage.
According to the film’s director Sun Hong, by gathering, selecting 46 compiling (编辑) video clips from a vast database, the film presents how people record their own lives, which possesses a power of authenticity even 47 (great) than traditional documentaries.
In the film, the audience will see construction workers working out on the construction site during their spare time, fishermen talking to their cormorants and teasing their greediness for fish, or boatmen celebrating a rare day 48 they could use tap water.
“It is our creative effort, as documentary filmmakers, 49 (present) an authentic facet of China, highlighting how each individual establishes themselves in a 50 (rapid) developing society,” says Sun.
【答案】
41．shot 42．walks 43．were selected 44．a 45．allowing 46．and 47．greater 48．when 49．to present 50．rapidly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由短视频素材剪辑而成的纪录片《烟火人间》，包括其呈现的主题、创作的过程、创作的意图、特定的场景等信息。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影包含了509个来自各行各业的普通人拍摄的800多个短视频，尤其是体力劳动者和农民。分析句子可知，空处作videos的后置定语，是非谓语动词，shoot“拍摄”和videos逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，应用shoot的过去分词形式。故填shot。
42．考查名词的数。句意：这部电影包含了509个来自各行各业的普通人拍摄的800多个短视频，尤其是体力劳动者和农民。根据空前的“all”可知，此处指“各行各业”，walk需用复数形式。故填walks。
43．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些视频是制作团队在一年多的时间里从总计5万多段视频片段中挑选出来的。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语over the course of a year可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，select“挑选”和主语The videos之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用were。故填were selected。
44．考查固定短语。句意：这些视频是制作团队在一年多的时间里从总计5万多段视频片段中挑选出来的。根据“total of more than 50,000 video clips”可知，此处用固定短语a total of表示“总共，总计”，用于引出总数。故填a。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过收集短视频片段，电影让普通人参与创作，呈现他们真实的生活体验，让那些在主流影院中往往得不到充分体现的人走上舞台中心。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用allow的现在分词形式。故填allowing。
46．考查连词。句意：据该片导演孙虹介绍，通过从庞大的数据库中收集、选择和编辑视频片段，这部电影呈现了人们如何记录自己的生活，这比传统纪录片具有更大的真实性。分析句子可知，空处连接动名词gathering、selecting和compiling，三者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
47．考查形容词比较级。句意：据该片导演孙虹介绍，通过从庞大的数据库中收集、选择和编辑视频片段，这部电影呈现了人们如何记录自己的生活，这比传统纪录片具有更大的真实性。根据空后的“than”可知，此处是在作比较，空处应用great的比较级形式。故填greater。
48．考查定语从句。句意：在影片中，观众将看到建筑工人在业余时间在建筑工地锻炼，渔民与鸬鹚交谈，嘲笑它们对鱼的贪婪，或者船夫庆祝他们难得可以使用自来水的日子。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词day，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的时间，作时间状语，应用关系副词when作引导词。故填when。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这是我们作为纪录片制片人的创造性努力，以呈现中国真实的一面，突出每个人如何在快速发展的社会中立足，”孙说。名词effort后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的努力”。故填to present。
50．考查副词。句意：“这是我们作为纪录片制片人的创造性努力，以呈现中国真实的一面，突出每个人如何在快速发展的社会中立足，”孙说。分析句子可知，空处修饰developing，rapid的副词形式rapidly符合题意，意为“快速地”。故填rapidly。
B) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三上·广东惠州·阶段练习）Peking Opera, regarded as the national essence of China, is getting 51 (hard) and harder to attract the interest of young people. So the Beijing government has come up with an idea, by 52 (team) up with virtual reality company Noitom.
For Beijing residents, watching Peking Opera performances used to be 53 must for the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old times. Today, people don’t have to go to the theater to appreciate Peking Opera. Instead, they enjoy it through virtual reality, 54 opens a window for attracting some young people who can’t afford 55 (go) to the theater to see a Peking Opera 56 (perform).
Noitom, the company behind this project, has been working 57 Peking Opera artists since 2014. It eventually digitized all the elements, including theater, stage, costume, stage property 58 martial arts. All the efforts are made to increase young people’s interest.
Technology and cultural traditions are not always in conflict, but sometimes can benefit from each other. As the biggest Chinese opera form, now Peking Opera 59 (consider) as a true “Oriental Opera”. To preserve it in the long run, technology will 60 (definite) be part of the solution.
【答案】
51．harder 52．teaming 53．a 54．which 55．to go 56．performance 57．with 58．and 59．is considered 60．definitely
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了北京政府通过与虚拟现实公司合作，利用VR技术表演京剧，以吸引年轻人的关注。
51．考查形容词比较级。句意：京剧，被视为中国的国粹，越来越难以吸引年轻人的兴趣。根据空后的and harder可知，此处是“比较级+and+比较级”结构，表示“越来越……”。此处表示京剧越来越难以吸引年轻人的兴趣，故填形容词比较级harder。故填harder。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，北京政府想出了一个主意，与虚拟现实公司Noitom合作。team up with“与……合作”。根据空前的介词by，此处应用team的动名词形式，作介词by的宾语，故填teaming。
53．考查冠词。句意：对于北京居民来说，观看京剧表演曾经是中国农历新年的一个必经之路。must在此处用作可数名词，表示“必须做（或看、买等）的事情”，此处泛指，且must以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
54．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：相反，他们通过虚拟现实来欣赏京剧，这为吸引一些没钱去剧院看京剧的年轻人打开了一扇窗。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是virtual reality，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
55．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，他们通过虚拟现实来欣赏京剧，这为吸引一些没钱去剧院看京剧的年轻人打开了一扇窗。afford to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“负担得起做某事”，用go的不定式，作宾语。故填to go。
56．考查名词。句意：相反，他们通过虚拟现实来欣赏京剧，这为吸引一些没钱去剧院看京剧的年轻人打开了一扇窗。根据空前的a可知，此处应用名词形式performance“表演”，作see的宾语。故填performance。
57．考查介词。句意：该项目背后的Noitom公司自2014年以来一直与京剧艺术家合作。work with sb.是固定搭配，表示“与某人合作”。故填with。
58．考查连词。句意：它最终将所有元素数字化，包括戏剧、舞台、服装、舞台财产和武术。Theater、stage、costume、stage property和martial arts并列，作介词including的宾语，用连词and连接。故填and。
59．考查动词时态和语态。句意：作为中国最大的戏曲形式，现在京剧被认为是真正的“东方歌剧”。空格位于主语Peking Opera之后，需填谓语动词；Peking Opera与consider“认为”之间存在着被动关系，需用被动语态；时间状语now提示时态需用一般现在时。故设空处应填一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is considered。
60．考查副词。句意：从长远来看，技术肯定是解决方案的一部分。所填词表示语气上的强调，意为“肯定”，用副词definitely，作状语，修饰句子。故填副词definitely。
六、原创语法填空语篇训练通关
Retired nurse in her 90s leads volunteer service
On a chilly, damp morning last weekend, Zhang Jinyuan, the former head of the nursing department at Nanchang First Hospital in Jiangxi province and two medical staff members gave a lecture to five volunteers 1 (train) to provide community service.
After half an hour of instruction, Zhang and the volunteers headed out to provide health monitoring and nursing 2 (guide) to two elderly people. One was a 91-year-old suffering from Alzheimer's and diabetes, and the 3 was a 72-year-old with limited mobility, low vision and a history of strokes.
Zhang, who is in her 90s, 4 (initiate) the volunteer service 24 years ago. In 2000, Zhang and 16 other retired colleagues set up the Jiangxi Red Cross Caring Center 5 (provide) services at the community level.
During her evaluations, she found that hospitals were doing well in all aspects of work, but the patients kept returning — the same old patients 6 (train) were cured one day but came back the next. "I found that either they forgot to take their medicine 7 (train) their family members weren't taking good care of them," she said. "So, I thought our society and communities were in need of methods to take care of the vulnerable 8 a scientific way."
Over the past two decades, Zhang and her team of volunteers 9 (assist) more than 700,000 people. In 2003, Zhang received the Florence Nightingale Medal, the world's 10 (high) nursing honor.
【参考答案】
1. being trained 2. guidance 3. other 4. initiated 5. to provide 6. who 7. or 8. in 9. have assisted 10. highest
【解题导语】章金媛：“南丁格尔一直在我心里，我一生的足迹都是为了追随她”
她是出类拔萃的护士，是硕果累累的学者，是守正创新的领导，也是后辈心中的传奇。 从事临床护理工作48年，她拥有30余项临床发明，是江西省首位南丁格尔奖章获得者。71岁时，她率16位退休同仁创建志愿服务团队，如今已成长为19251人的庞大队伍，团队志愿者服务时数12亿余小时，受益者70余万人。
近日，章金媛荣获由国际护士会、南丁格尔国际基金会理事会联合评选颁发的2023年 “国际成就奖”，这是全球护理界及健康领域最负盛名的奖项之一，每两年在全球范围内仅评选出一位获奖者，章老是 我国首位获奖者。95岁的章金媛早已看淡了荣誉，她说：“我只是一名普通的护士，50而立，60奋进，70创新，80奉献，90引领，100岁才能享受，获奖是新的起跑点。”
