(共35张PPT)
语态复习
形式 变化规则 构成方法 例词
原形 see, finish, teach
现在时第三人称单数形式 一般情况 加-s 读 [s] /[z] look→looks, write→writes
以ch, sh, s, x结尾 加-es 读[iz] teach→teaches,finish→finishesguess→guesses, mix→mixes
以o结尾 加-es 读[z] do→does, go→goes
以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-es 读[z] try→tries, cry→cries
have→has；be→is
特殊变化 过去式过去分词规则变化 一般情况 加-ed stay→stayed, look→looked
以不发音e结尾 直接加-d decide→decided, hope→hoped
以“辅元辅”重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped, admit→admitted
以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-ed carry→carried, try→tried
现在分词 一般情况 加-ing go→going, read→reading
以不发音e结尾 去e，再加-ing have→having, write→writing
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ing cut→cutting, run→running
以-ie结尾 变ie为y，加-ing die→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying
动词的基本形式一览表
ed读音：
清清[t]，浊浊[d]，元音浊，t/d后读[id]
写出下列单词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。
1. study-________ - _________- _________- ________
2. stay-_______ - ________- ________- ________
3. plan-________- ________- _________- _________
4. close-______ - ________- ________- _________
5. catch-________- ________- _______- _______
6. buy-________ - ________- _______- ______
7. shop-________ - __________- ________- ________
8. die-_______- ________- ______- ________
studies
studied
studying
stays
studied
plans
planning
planned
closed
closed
closing
closes
catching
catches
caught
buying
buys
caught
shopping
bought
shops
bought
shopped
shopped
died
dies
dying
died
stayed
stayed
planned
staying
八大时态
三个一般时
两个进行时
两个完成时
一个过去将来时：
一般现在时
be：主语+am/is/are +其它。
行为动词：主语+do (动词原形)/does (动词第三人称单数)+其它。
一般过去时
be：主语+was/were +其它。
行为动词：主语+did (动词过去式)+其它。
一般将来时
①主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它。
②主语+am/is/are+ going to+动词原形+其它。
③主语+am/is/are+doing+其它。
④主语+am/is/are+about to+动词原形+其它。
现在进行时：主语+am/is/are +doing+其它。
过去进行时：主语+was/were+doing+其它。
现在完成时：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它。
过去完成时：主语+had+过去分词+其它。
主语+would/was (were) going to+动词原形+其它。
八大时态
三个一般时
两个进行时
两个完成时
一个过去将来时：
一般现在时
be：主语+am/is/are +其它。
行为动词：主语+do (动词原形)/does (动词第三人称单数)+其它。
一般过去时
be：主语+was/were +其它。
行为动词：主语+did (动词过去式)+其它。
一般将来时
①主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它。
②主语+am/is/are+ going to+动词原形+其它。
③主语+am/is/are+doing+其它。
④主语+am/is/are+about to+动词原形+其它。
现在进行时：主语+am/is/are +doing+其它。
过去进行时：主语+was/were+doing+其它。
现在完成时：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它。
过去完成时：主语+had+过去分词+其它。
主语+would/was (were) going to+动词原形+其它。
1. We read a book every week.
2. We read a book yesterday.
3. We will read a book the day after tomorrow.
4. We are reading a book these days.
5. We were reading a book from 8 to 10 last night.
6. We have read a book since Friday.
7. We had read a book when my father came back.
8. We can read a book every week.
A book is read by us every week.
A book will be read by us the day after tomorrow.
A book was being read by us from 8 to 10 last night.
A book is being read by us these days.
A book has been read by us since Friday.
A book had been read by us when my father came back.
A book can be read by us every week.
A book was read by us yesterday.
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念;
而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。
所谓主动句就是由主动态动词 (词组) 作谓语动词的句子，
而被动句则是由被动态动词 (词组) 作谓语动词的句子。例如：
He opened the door. 他开了门。(主动句)
The door was opened. 门被开了。(被动句)
1. 语态：动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有“两态”
的说法，即主动语态和被动语态。及物动词才有被动语态。
主动语态: 表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
被动语态: 表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 例如：
English is spoken by many people.
主语English是动词speak的承受者。
5. 被动语态的用法：
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by＋动作执行者短语
Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。
（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。
The cup was broken by David.
（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型:
It’s / was said / believed / reported / + that …
It’s reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。
记忆歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要;
动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
8、不能用于被动语态的情况
1). An accident was happened yesterday. （ ）
昨天发生了一起事故。
An accident happened yesterday. （ ）
不能用于被动语态的动词及 动词短语，如 die, begin, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, take place, come out，happen to, belong to等。
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
√
×
各种时态的被动语态
一般现在时 主＋am / is / are （not）＋过去分词 The office is cleaned every day.
一般过去时 主＋was / were ＋过去分词 The office was cleaned yesterday.
现在进行时 主语＋is / am / are + being ＋过去分词 My car is being repaired now.
过去进行时 主语＋was / were + being ＋过去分词 The man was being interviewed at 3 yesterday.
现在完成时 主语＋have / has ＋been ＋过去分词 My keys have been stolen.
过去完成时 主语＋had + been +过去分词 His bike had been stolen.
一般将来时 主语＋will ＋be ＋过去分词 The housework will be done by my mother tomorrow.
过去将来时 主语＋would/should + be＋过去分词 It would be done at once.
含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词＋be＋过去分词 Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes
注意：
1）如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者，句子后面需接by ~ ，译为
“被（由）…” ，如：
We were woken up by a loud noise. 我们被嘈杂的声音吵醒。2）被动语态句型变化：
肯定句：主语＋be + 过去分词＋（by ~） 否定句：主语＋be not ＋过去分词＋（by ~） 一般疑问句：Be ＋主语＋过去分词＋（by ~） 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋be＋主语＋过去分词＋（by ~）
含有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面加上be动词即可，其句型如下： 肯定句：主语＋情态动词（can , may , must）+be+ 过去分词… 否定句：主语＋情态动词＋not + be + 过去分词… 疑问句：情态动词（Can , May , Must ）＋主语＋be＋过去分词＋…. 如：We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet. －Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet. Can you use it 你会使用它吗？ －Can it be used
记忆歌诀：情态动词变被动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。
判断下列句子的语态
1. We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet.
2. The children were looked after by the nurse.
3. They take good care of my child.
4. Good books should be read again and again.
5. The cup was broken by David.
6. We keep food fresh in the fridge.
主动
被动
被动
主动
主动
被动
2. 被动语态的构成: be+动词的过去分词（时态通过be 动词来体现，be后面的过去分词不变）
(1). Many trees and flowers are planted in our city every year.
(2). Half of the work has been finished by now.
(3). Boys and girls, the books in the library should be taken good care of.
八大时态对比填空·基础篇
1. He tells lies again.
一般过去时：He told lies again.
现在完成时：He has told lies again.
过去完成时：He had told lies again.
Lies are told by him again.
Lies have been told by him again.
Lies had been told by him again.
Lies were told by him again.
2. A number of foreigners enjoy Chinese culture.
一般过去：A number of foreigners enjoyed Chinese culture.
现在完成：A number of foreigners have enjoyed Chinese culture.
过去完成：A number of foreigners had enjoyed Chinese culture.
一般将来：A number of foreigners will enjoy Chinese culture.
过去将来：A number of foreigners would enjoy Chinese culture.
Chinese culture was enjoyed by a number of foreigners.
Chinese culture has been enjoyed by a number of foreigners.
Chinese culture had been enjoyed by a number of foreigners.
Chinese culture would be enjoyed by a number of foreigners.
Chinese culture will be enjoyed by a number of foreigners.
Chinese culture is enjoyed by a number of foreigners.
3. Keeping a balanced diet will build up our body.
一般现在时：Keeping a balanced diet builds up our body.
过去将来时：Keeping a balanced diet would build up our body.
现在完成时：Keeping a balanced diet has built up our body.
Our body is built up by keeping a balanced diet.
Our body would be built up by keeping a balanced diet.
Our body has been built up by keeping a balanced diet.
Our body will be built up by keeping a balanced diet.
4. He respects the young and the old.
一般过去时：He respected the young and the old.
现在完成时：He has respected the young and the old.
过去完成时：He had respected the young and the old.
一般将来时：He will respect the young and the old.
过去将来时：He would respect the young and the old.
The young and the old had respected by him.
The young and the old were respected by him.
The young and the old have been respected by him.
The young and the old will be respected by him.
The young and the old would be respected by him.
The young and the old are respected by him.
5. The monkeys have attracted a number of visitors.
过去完成时：The monkeys had attracted a number of visitors.
一般将来时：The monkeys will attract a number of visitors.
过去将来时：The monkeys would attract a number of visitors.
A number of visitors have been attracted by the monkeys.
A number of visitors had been attracted by the monkeys.
A number of visitors will be attracted by the monkeys.
A number of visitors would be attracted by the monkeys.
6. We will hold an English contest this Sunday.
过去将来时：We would hold an English contest this Sunday.
一般过去时：We held an English contest this Sunday.
现在完成时：We have held an English contest this Sunday.
过去完成时：We had held an English contest this Sunday.
An English contest will be held by us this Sunday.
An English contest would be held by us this Sunday.
An English contest was held by us this Sunday.
An English contest has been held by us this Sunday.
An English contest had been held by us this Sunday.
7. Linda has made great progress in spoken English.
过去完成时：Linda had made great progress in spoken English.
一般现在时：Linda makes great progress in spoken English.
一般过去时：Linda made great progress in spoken English.
一般将来时：Linda will make great progress in spoken English.
过去将来时：Linda would make great progress in spoken English.
Great progress in spoken English has been made by Linda.
Great progress in spoken English had been made by Linda.
Great progress in spoken English is made by Linda.
Great progress in spoken English was made by Linda.
Great progress in spoken English will be made by Linda.
Great progress in spoken English would be made by Linda.
8. Mr. Black spent an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
现在完成时：Mr. Black has spent an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
过去完成时：Mr. Black had spent an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
一般将来时：Mr. Black will spend an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
过去将来时：Mr. Black would spend an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
An hour was spent correcting his English grammar mistakes by Mr. Black.
An hour has been spent correcting his English grammar mistakes by Mr. Black.
An hour had been spent correcting his English grammar mistakes by Mr. Black.
An hour will be spent correcting his English grammar mistakes by Mr. Black.
An hour would be spent correcting his English grammar mistakes by Mr. Black.
随堂训练: 单句语法填空或按要求完成句子。
1. She said that the car_______________ (use) the next week.
2. The stone bridge______________ (build) in our hometown for ten years.
3. The desk must ____________ (clean) once a day.
4. Jiefang trucks______________ (make) in Changchun.
5.［2019·全国3］On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69. ___________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
6.［2017 全国3］Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.
would be used
has been built
be cleaned
are made
were invited
has been told/was told
随堂训练: 单句语法填空或按要求完成句子。
7.［2017 全国2］Steam engines 65__________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success
8. ［2017 全国1］When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
9.［2017 全国3改错］About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.
10.［2016 全国Ⅰ改错］Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
______
taken
_________
became
____
were used
are removed
used
6. 被动语态的几种特殊情况
（1）Exercises：
1. In the past the children were made ________15 hours a day. (work)
2. These days students in some schools _________ not to use mobile phones. (ask)
3. At last the boy was made ______ crying and began to laugh. (stop)
注：英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.
I saw the boy run yesterday.
--- The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.
to work
are asked
to stop
（2）Exercises：
1. Each time tourists travel to Beijing, they______ the Forbidden City.
A. will be shown up B. will be shown around
C. will show around D. will show to
2. In many places in China, the old over 90 ______ not only by their family but
also by the government.
A. is taking good care B. are taken good care of
C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care
B
B
（2）含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词 They take good care of my child. －My child is taken good care of. 他们把我的孩子照顾得很好。 I turned off the radio.
－The radio was turned off (by me).
附：动词短语的被动语态：
take care of -bbe taken care of cut down －be cut down
laugh at －be laughed at look after－be looked after
下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加－by
be covered with …用…覆盖着
be interested in …对…感兴趣
be surprised at …对…感到惊奇
be made of （from）用…制造的
(3). 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand 等组成。例如：
It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that…大家认为
It is suggested that…据建议
It is taken granted that… 被视为当然
It has been decided that… 大家决定
It must be remember that… 务必记住的是
(4). 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)等。例如：
Explain it clearly and make yourself understood.
解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。
2) 系动词无被动语态，如appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：
It sounds good. 听上去不错。
3) (1) 不及物动词sell, wash, clean, cook, look, cut, sell, iron, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear, feel, draw等常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
(2) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词doing 时必须用主动形式,表被动意义。例如：
The door needs repairing.
= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。
Thank you for listening！(共39张PPT)
时态复习
（三个一般时、两个进行时、两个完成时、一个过去将来时）
1. ［2019·全国3］Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _____________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
3. [2019·全国2] Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66___________ (make) over the years.
单句填空或改错
recommended
have made
动
词
分
类
行为动词：
(实义动词)
连系动词：
助动词+
情态动词+
及物动词(vt.): 后面可以直接接宾语的动词。(like)
不及物动词(vi.): 后面不能够直接接宾语的动词。如接宾语，需添加适当的介词。
(可单独做谓语)
其它系动词：fall(ill/asleep); stay (healthy), go (bad/wrong), remain 保持，保留；appear显得
(需加表语一起构成谓语)
常考系动词：一是(be)，一觉(feel)，一保持(keep)，起来四个(look, taste, sound, smell)，好像(seem)变了四个(become, get, turn, grow)。
（加动词其它形式构成谓语）
do/does/did+动词原形 （否定/疑问/强调句）
will/shall +动词原形 (肯定/否定/疑问句)
have/has/had+过去分词(done) (肯定/否定/疑问句)
be (am/is/are/was/were) + doing
+done
(肯定/否定/疑问句)
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
进行时
被动语态：be done
动词原形;否定后面加not
can/could; will/would; may/might; shall/should/ought to; must/have to; used to; had better; need/dare; would rather
形式 变化规则 构成方法 例词
原形 see, finish, teach
现在时第三人称单数形式 一般情况 加-s 读 [s] /[z] look→looks, write→writes
以s, x, ch, sh结尾 加-es 读[iz] teach→teaches,finish→finishes
guess→guesses, mix→mixes
以o结尾 加-es 读[z] do→does, go→goes
以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-es 读[z] try→tries, cry→cries
have→has；be→is
特殊变化 过去式过去分词规则变化 一般情况 加-ed stay→stayed, look→looked
以不发音e结尾 直接加-d decide→decided, hope→hoped
以“辅元辅”重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped, admit→admitted
以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-ed carry→carried, try→tried
现在分词 一般情况 加-ing go→going, read→reading
以不发音e结尾 去e，再加-ing have→having, write→writing
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ing cut→cutting, run→running
以-ie结尾 变ie为y，加-ing die→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying
动词的基本形式一览表
ed读音：
清清[t]，浊浊[d]，元音浊，t/d后读[id]
写出下列单词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。
1. read-________ - _________- _______- ______
2. play-_______ - ________- ________- ________
3. take-________- ________- ______- _______
4. have-______ - ________- ______- ______
5. write________- ________- _______- _______
6. make________ - ________- _______- ______
7. ride________ - ________- ______- ________
8. see_______- ________- ______- ________
reads
read
reading
plays
read
takes
taking
taken
had
had
having
has
writing
writes
wrote
making
makes
written
riding
made
rides
made
ridden
rode
saw
sees
seeing
seen
played
played
took
playing
写出下列单词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。9. sit-______- ________- _____- ______
10. run-_______ - __________- _____- _____
11. get-_______ - ________- _____- __________
12. put-_______ - ________- ______- ______
13. stop-_______ - __________- ________- ________
14. begin-________- __________- _________- ________
5. lie-______ - _______- ________- _________
sits
sat
sitting
sat
ran
running
runs
run
gets
getting
got
got/gotten
puts
putting
put
put
stops
stopping
stopped
stopped
begins
beginning
began
begun
lies
lying
lay/lied
lain/lied
八大时态
三个
一般时
两个
进行时
两个
完成时
一个
过去将来时
一般
现在时
be：主语+am/is/are +其它。
行为动词：主语+do (动原)/does (动词三单)+其它。
一般
过去时
be：主语+was/were +其它。
行为动词：主语+did (动词过去式)+其它。
一般
将来时
①主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它。
②主语+am/is/are+ going to+动词原形+其它。
③主语+am/is/are+doing+其它。
④主语+am/is/are+about to+动词原形+其它。
现在进行时：主语+am/is/are +doing+其它。
过去进行时：主语+was/were+doing+其它。
现在完成时：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它。
过去完成时：主语+had+过去分词+其它。
主语+would/was (were) going to+动词原形+其它。
比较下列句子：
1. I watch TV every day.
She watches TV every day.
2. I watched TV last night.
She watched TV last night.
3. I will watch TV tomorrow.
She will watch TV tomorrow.
4. I am watching TV now.
She is watching TV now.
5. I was watching TV at 8 last night.
She was watching TV at 8 last night.
6. I have ever watched TV.
She has ever watched TV.
7. I had watched TV before 8 last night.
She had watched TV before 8 last night.
8. I said that I would watch TV the next day.
She said that she would watch TV the next day.
一般现在时：主语+谓语（动词原形/三单-s/-es)+其它成分
一般过去时：主语+谓语（动词过去式-ed)+其它成分
一般将来时：主语+谓语（will/shall+动词原形)+其它成分
主语+谓语（am/is/are +going to +动词原形）+其它成分
过去进行时：主语+谓语（was/were+doing)+其它
现在进行时：主语+谓语（am/is/are+现在分词doing)+其它成分
现在完成时：主语+谓语（have/has +过去分词done)+其它成分
过去完成时：主语+谓语（had done)+其它成分
过去将来时：主语+谓语（would+动词原形)+其它
即时训练：用read a book及八大时态造句
1. We read a book every week.
The boy reads a book every week.
2. We read a book yesterday.
The boy read a book yesterday.
3. We will read a book the day after tomorrow.
The boy will read a book the day after tomorrow.
4. We are reading a book these days.
The boy is reading a book these days.
5. We were reading a book from 8 to 10 last night.
The boy was reading a book from 8 to 10 last night.
6. We have read a book since Friday.
The boy has read a book since Friday.
7. We had read a book when my father came back.
The boy had read a book when my father came back.
8. I said that we would read a book the next week.
She said that the boy would read a book the next week.
各种时态时间标志词
一般现在时时间标志语: always (总是), usually (通常), often (经常), sometimes (有时), every week (day, year, month…) (每周/天/年/月...), once a week (每周一次), twice a month (每月两次), three times a month (每月三次), on Sundays (每周日), 等等。
各种时态时间标志词：
一般过去时时间标志语: yesterday (昨天), the day before yesterday (前天), the other day (=a few days ago)(前几天), in the past (=in the old days) (在过去), last night (last+ 时间) (昨晚), last week (上周), last month (上个月), last year (去年), last Saturday (上周六), just now (=a moment ago) (刚刚), in 1998 (在1998年), five years ago (一段时间+ago)(去年前), long long ago (很久以前), once upon a time (很久很久以前), , then (=at that time) 在那时)、after+一段时间，等等。
常用的频度副词有：often/usually/always/seldom/sometimes/on Sunday(s) /every day/week/month/year...等
各种时态时间标志词：
一般将来时时间标志语：tomorrow (明天), the day after tomorrow (后天), next week (下周), next month (下个月), next year (明年), in two weeks (两周后), in the future (在将来), from now on (从现在开始), in + 将来的时间 (在...), after + 将来的时间点 (....之后), in + 将来的时间段 (......后), 等等。
现在进行时时间标志语: now (现在), at the/this moment (此刻), look (看), listen (听), 等等。
⑶ 现在完成时时间标志语：already (已经), yet (未，尚), just (刚才), before (从前), so far (到目前为止), recently (最近，近来), in recent years, since +时间点/时间段+ago/过去式句子 (自从......), for +时间段(持续到现在), ever (曾经), ever (since)（从那以后), since then(自从那时以来), never (从来没有，从未), lately (最近), until now (=till now=up to/till now) (直到现在), in/over/during the past/last few years(在过去几年里), for the last+一段时间, over+一段时间, 固定句型 This/That/It is+the+序数词+time+that从句 (现在完成时), 等等。
八大时态对比填空·基础篇
1. He promises never to tell lies again.
一般过去时：He ____________(promise) never to tell lies again.
现在完成时：He _____________(promise) never to tell lies again.
过去完成时：He _____________(promise) never to tell lies again.
promised
has promised
had promised
2. A great number of foreigners enjoy Chinese culture.
一般过去时：A great number of foreigners ___________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
现在完成时：A great number of foreigners _____________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
过去完成时：A great number of foreigners ____________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
一般将来时：A great number of foreigners _________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
过去将来时：A great number of foreigners ____________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
enjoyed
have enjoyed
had enjoyed
will enjoy
would enjoy
3. Keeping a balanced diet will build up our body.
一般现在时：Keeping a balanced diet ______(build) up our body.
过去将来时：Keeping a balanced diet ______________(build) up our body.
现在完成时：Keeping a balanced diet ___________(build) up our body.
builds
would build
has built
4. He respects the young and the old.
一般过去时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
现在完成时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
过去完成时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
一般将来时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
过去将来时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
had respected
respected
has respected
will respect
would respect
5. The monkeys have attracted a great number of visitors.
过去完成时：The monkeys ____________(attract) a great number of visitors.
一般将来时：The monkeys ____________(attract) a great number of visitors.
过去将来时：The monkeys ____________(attract) a great number of visitors.
will attract
would attract
had attracted
6. We will hold an English contest this Sunday.
过去将来时：We_________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
一般过去时：We________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
现在完成时：We_________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
过去完成时：We________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
would hold
held
have held
had held
7. Linda has made great progress in spoken English.
过去完成时：Linda _________(make) great progress in spoken English.
一般现在时：Linda _____(make) great progress in spoken English.
一般过去时：Linda ________(make) great progress in spoken English.
一般将来时：Linda ________(make) great progress in spoken English.
过去将来时：Linda ___________(make) great progress in spoken English.
had made
makes
made
will make
would make
8. Mr. Black spent an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
现在完成时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
过去完成时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
一般将来时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
过去将来时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
has spent
had spent
will spend
would spend
现在完成时中短暂性动词与延续性动词及其互换
㈠短暂性动词口诀：来去到离看听说，买卖开关起跌落；
参加开发还与借，变成带给使（死/始）完结。
㈡短暂性动词与延续性动词的互换
come—be here, go—be there,
leave—be away(from), open(v)—be open (adj),
close (v)—be closed (adj), fall asleep—be asleep,
join——be in/be a member of, begin/start—be on,
die—be dead, return—be back,
get up—be up, buy—have,
get to know (认识)/recognize(认出)—know,
finish—be over, borrow—keep,
marry/get married—be married,
become—be,
catch/get/take a cold—have a cold.
注：有时候，短暂性动词的否定形式可与时间段连用。
eg: We haven’t seen her for a long time.
5种表达方式
eg: 他住在这儿十年了。
He lived here ten years ago.
= He has lived here for ten years.
= He has lived here since ten years ago.
= It's (been)ten years since he lived here.
=Ten years has passed since he lived here.
㈡过去完成时用于固定句型中
⑴含有hardly/scarcely的过去完成时+when/before+一般过去时. (=含有no sooner的过去完成时+than+一般过去时.)“一……就……”。
eg: ①I had hardly got home when the rain poured down.
= I had no sooner got home than the rain poured down.
② Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.
= No sooner had I got home than the rain poured down.
⑵ This/That/It was+the+序数词+time+that从句(过去完成时)。
eg: That was the third time that he had gone to the mainland.
各时态间的区别：
现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
① 表示的意义不同：现在进行时表示的是短暂性；
一般现在时表示的是长久性、习惯性。
② 动词表现形式不同：现在进行时am/is/are+doing,
一般现在时do/does
各时态间的区别：
③ 时间标志词不同。eg: ① She sings well.“她唱歌好。”是指她有一副好嗓子，她在任何地方唱歌都是好听的。 ② She is singing well.“她现在唱歌好。”是指她现在唱得好听或包括现在在内的某个特定的时间段内唱地好听。 ③ She lives in the country.“她住在农村。”是指长久居住。 ④ She is living in the country.“她现在住在农村。”是指短期居住
注：以下动词没有进行时态
㈠ 感觉类动词：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear等。
eg: The soup tastes good.
㈡ 情感类动词：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear, adore（热爱，爱慕）等。
eg: I love my dad and mom.㈢ 心态类动词：want, wish, hope, need, believe, understand, agree, know, remember, forget等。
eg: I can’t believe my eyes.
注：以下动词没有进行时态㈣ 存在类动词：appear, remain, lie(位于), seem等。
eg: She appears to be puzzled at the sight of the problem.㈤ 拥有类动词：have, belong, possess等。
eg: The book belongs to me.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
①意义不同：二者都表示过去。但现在完成时强调与现在的联系而一般过去时只强调过去的事实，与其它时间无关。
②动词表达形式不同：现在完成时have/has done
一般过去时did
③时间标志词不同
一般过去时和过去进行时
①意义不同：1）一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。
It rained heavily last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)
2）过去进行时侧重强调某动作的持续过程或表示动作在进行。
It was raining cats and dogs last night.
昨晚整整一夜都在下倾盆大雨。(强调没停，一直持续)
② 动词表达形式不同：一般过去时did，
过去进行时was/were doing
③ 时间标志词不同
八大时态对比填空·提升篇
1. Yesterday, we _________(visit) many places of interest in Guilin.
2. The students _________(gain) some experience if they take part in the match.
3. As the saying goes, God _____(help) those who help themselves.
4. I ____________(live) in Guilin for nearly twenty years.
5. Our school _________(pay) much attention to improving students’ reading ability since three years ago.
6. Professor Lee ____________(deliver) a speech in the school hall next Friday.
visited
will gain
helps
have lived
_______
___________
____
___
_________________
________________
________
has paid
will deliver
if 如果，假如，引导条件状语从句，用“主将从现”原则
7. He said that he ___________________(pass) the exam.
8. The workers ________(build) a fancy building last weekend.
9. My mother _____________(cook) when I came home.
10. When he returns, I ___________(inform) you immediately.
11. Finally, he _______(find) his wallet, so he felt very delighted.
12. Our teacher told us that the earth ______(move) around the sun.
13. He enjoys swimming and ______(be) fond of reading.
14. So far, the government __________(take) various measures to protect animals.
15. By the end of 19th century, scientists ________(do) many researches.
passed/had passed
found
is
has taken
__________
___
_____
_____
客观真理用一般现在时
was cooking
built
______________
moves
___________
____
will inform
______________________
had done
16. I believe our country ______________(become) much stronger in 2050.
17. If I ______(be) you, I would make full use of spare time to enhance my English handwriting.
18. If you ___________(tell) me the truth, I would have helped you.
19. At that time, I _________(try) my best to win the first place.
20. Look! Three kids_______________(climb) that big tree.
21. Please keep quiet! Because the baby ____________(sleep).
will become
were
had told
tried
______
________
_____________
_________
____
are climbing
_________
is sleeping
I. 单句语法填空。1. Look, the children ____________ basketball on the playground. (play)
2. He ______________ to the radio when I came in. (listen)
3. We _____ swimming every day in summer. (go)
4. Mr. Green is our English teacher. He_____________ (teach) in our school for five years.
5. —Where is Tim now —He ____________(water) the trees and flowers in the garden.
are playing
was listening
go
is watering
has taught
I. 单句语法填空。6. His father is very busy. He ________ (go) to work early every morning. 7. My father ___________ (go) to Paris already and he will be back in half a year. 8. Meimei enjoys __________ (sing) English songs. 9. They _______________ (talk) about the film when I came in. 10. English ________________ (teach) in this school since 1978.
goes
has gone
singing
were talking
has been taught
I. 用所给动词的正确时态完成短文I ___1_____( be ) an English teacher. I ____2____ (begin) to teach English in 1998. Before that, I ______3_______(learn) English for 12 years. By 2003 , I 4______________(teach) English for 5 years. I ____5____(teach) English in Tianjin for 5 years. Then , I moved to Beijing and since 1998, I ___________6_______________(teach ) here .That is to say, I __________7__________(teach) English here for 8 years. Now I have got a plan-I _____8___(stay) in the USA for 2 year to improve my English.
will stay
have taught/have been teaching
taught
had taught
have taught/have been teaching
am
had learned
began
作业：1. 完成讲义中时态的练习。
2. 每天用各种时态造句。
下次课内容：被动语态
Thank you for listening！(共60张PPT)
动词时态语态
小题狂练
动词时态语态应考技巧
1. 在语法填空题中，根据句子结构和各种时态的动词形式判断空格处是 谓语动词还是非谓语动词 (分清主动被动，辨析语态---看到主语为物，且动词为及物动词，要想到用被动语态。)，如果是谓语动词则根据时间状语、上下文时态和句型中的时态判断用什么时态。还要注意主谓保持一致(找准句子中的主语: 单数主语，三单谓语；复数主语，复数谓语; 不可数名词作主语，三单谓语；to do/doing/从句作主语，三单谓语)。
1．掌握独特的时间状语标志
(1)题干中有always/often/seldom/sometimes/usually等，用一般现在时。
(2)题干中有yesterday/last night/a few days ago/the other day等，用一般过去时。
(3)题干中有tomorrow/next year/in a week等，用一般将来时。
(4)题干中如用now/at present等，用现在进行时。
(5)题干中有at that time/then/at six o’clock yesterday等，用过去进行时。
(6)题干中有at this time tomorrow/from 1 o’clock to 3 o’clock tomorrow等，用将来进行时。
(7)题干中有since/so far/up to now/in/over/during the last year/past few years等，用现在完成时。
2．熟记固定句型中的时态
(1)be doing...when...，when前面的句子常用过去进行时，when后面的句子常用一般过去时。
(2)It is/has been＋时间段＋since...表示“自从……以来已……”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。
(3)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。
Work hard, and you will succeed.
=If you work hard, you will succeed.
谓语主动式
do/does
did
will do
am/is/are doing
was/were doing
have/has done
had done
can do
am/is/are/was/were/will be/have(has) been
谓语被动式
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
have/has been done
had been done
can be done
非谓语动词
to do: 主语、宾语、表语表具体行为/内容；
定语表将来；
状语表目的、结果
补足语表将来
doing: 动名词主语/宾语/表语表习惯/经常性行为、
定语表功能、用途
现在分词：作表语、定语、状语、补足语
表主动、进行
done：作表语、定语、状语、补足语
表被动、完成
3. 情态动词和虚拟语气解题“两注意”
注意一：若句中谓语动词为原形，在其前设纯空格题时，注意考虑情态动词。然后根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的情态动词。
注意二：一旦判断所给动词在句中作谓语，就要考虑其时态、语态、主谓一致、语气(少考)等，特别是注意虚拟语气中的时态。判断虚拟语气，除了常见的if虚拟条件句，还应注意其他常搭配虚拟语气的句型。
八大时态对比填空·基础篇
1. He promises never to tell lies again.
一般过去时：He ____________(promise) never to tell lies again.
现在完成时：He _____________(promise) never to tell lies again.
过去完成时：He _____________(promise) never to tell lies again.
promised
has promised
had promised
2. A great number of foreigners enjoy Chinese culture.
一般过去时：A great number of foreigners ___________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
现在完成时：A great number of foreigners _____________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
过去完成时：A great number of foreigners ____________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
一般将来时：A great number of foreigners _________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
过去将来时：A great number of foreigners ____________(enjoy) Chinese culture.
enjoyed
have enjoyed
had enjoyed
will enjoy
would enjoy
3. Keeping a balanced diet will build up our body.
一般现在时：Keeping a balanced diet ______(build) up our body.
过去将来时：Keeping a balanced diet ______________(build) up our body.
现在完成时：Keeping a balanced diet ___________(build) up our body.
builds
would build
has built
4. He respects the young and the old.
一般过去时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
现在完成时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
过去完成时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
一般将来时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
过去将来时：He ______________(respect) the young and the old.
had respected
respected
has respected
will respect
would respect
5. The monkeys have attracted a great number of visitors.
过去完成时：The monkeys ____________(attract) a great number of visitors.
一般将来时：The monkeys ____________(attract) a great number of visitors.
过去将来时：The monkeys ____________(attract) a great number of visitors.
will attract
would attract
had attracted
6. We will hold an English contest this Sunday.
过去将来时：We_________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
一般过去时：We________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
现在完成时：We_________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
过去完成时：We________(hold) an English contest this Sunday.
would hold
held
have held
had held
7. Linda has made great progress in spoken English.
过去完成时：Linda _________(make) great progress in spoken English.
一般现在时：Linda _____(make) great progress in spoken English.
一般过去时：Linda ________(make) great progress in spoken English.
一般将来时：Linda ________(make) great progress in spoken English.
过去将来时：Linda ___________(make) great progress in spoken English.
had made
makes
made
will make
would make
8. Mr. Black spent an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
现在完成时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
过去完成时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
一般将来时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
过去将来时：Mr. Black ___________(spend) an hour correcting his English grammar mistakes.
has spent
had spent
will spend
would spend
八大时态对比填空·提升篇
1. Yesterday, we _________(visit) many places of interest in Guilin.
2. The students _________(gain) some experience if they take part in the match.
3. As the saying goes, God _____(help) those who help themselves.
4. I ____________(live) in Guilin for nearly twenty years.
5. Our school _________(pay) much attention to improving students’ reading ability since three years ago.
6. Professor Lee ____________(deliver) a speech in the school hall next Friday.
visited
will gain
helps
have lived
_______
___________
____
___
_________________
________________
________
has paid
will deliver
if 如果，假如，引导条件状语从句，用“主将从现”原则
7. He said that he ___________________(pass) the exam.
8. The workers ________(build) a fancy building last weekend.
9. My mother _____________(cook) when I came home.
10. When he returns, I ___________(inform) you immediately.
11. Finally, he _______(find) his wallet, so he felt very delighted.
12. Our teacher told us that the earth ______(move) around the sun.
13. He enjoys swimming and ______(be) fond of reading.
14. So far, the government __________(take) various measures to protect animals.
15. By the end of 19th century, scientists ________(do) many researches.
passed/had passed
found
is
has taken
__________
___
_____
_____
客观真理用一般现在时
was cooking
built
______________
moves
___________
____
will inform
______________________
had done
16. I believe our country ______________(become) much stronger in 2050.
17. If I ______(be) you, I would make full use of spare time to enhance my English handwriting.
18. If you ___________(tell) me the truth, I would have helped you.
19. At that time, I _________(try) my best to win the first place.
20. Look! Three kids_______________(climb) that big tree.
21. Please keep quiet! Because the baby ____________(sleep).
will become
were
had told
tried
______
________
_____________
_________
____
are climbing
_________
is sleeping
八大时态对比填空·综合篇
(一)
1. I don’t know if it ___________ tomorrow. (rain)
2. Joan ______ (ask) me whether I _________ (read) the book before.
3. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _______ to work in a factory. (begin)
4. In1980, the bridge ________________. (complete)
5. They ____________(build) another railway bridge there now.
6. This film ____________(show) last week .
7. We __________(enjoy) the play again next week.
asked
was completed
began
will rain
__________
____
_______
_____
_______________
_______
_____
had read
are building
if 是否，引导宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要用相应时态
will enjoy
_______
was shown
8. The oldest kind of computer ______ (be) the abacus.
9. It seems it ________. (rain)
10. Mr. Smith works in Beijing. He ________(live) there since 1978.
11. He asked if you __________________________ to Peter. (write)
12. Two hundred concerts ___________________ (give) by the end of next month.
13. I wrote a letter five days ago, but I ___________ (keep) it in my pocket all these days.
14. My brother ____________(work) in the paper factory since he ___________(leave) college three years ago.
was
will rain
wrote/had written/ would write
has lived
___________
________
______
____
________
__________
__________
will have been given
have kept
if 是否，引导宾语从句，主句用过去式，从句用过去某种时态)
__________
______
_______________________________
has worked
left
15. He asked me whether I ____________(see) the play before.
16. He finished his work and _______(go) to bed.
17. I’m looking for my watch. I _____ (lose) it a moment ago.
18. When he sees me, he always _________(smile) to me.
19. I think [he __________(run) right now. ]
20. If I ______(be) you, I would tell him the truth.
21. They _________(prepare) for the party at eight yesterday evening.
22. I’m sure once you try it, you ________ (agree).
23. The most popular event _____ (be) water-splashing on the second day. People splash water on each other, hoping to take away sickness and disasters.
lost
smiles
were preparing
went
___________
___________________
_____________
___
______
_______
_____
were
虚拟语气be用were
_______
___________
is
is running
缺and连接的并列谓语
____
_____
had seen
whether 是否，引导宾语从句，主句用过去式，从句用过去某种时态)
once 引导的条件状从，采用“主将从现”原则
will agree
24. Over the years, table tennis______________________(develop) into a worldwide sport.
25. The museum ____________(become) a hit since it opened at the end of October.
26. In Sweden, and Quebec City in Canada, there __________(be) no great difference in the number of obese children since the government banned food ads in children’s television.
27. China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope ___________(remain) the global leader for the next 10 to 20 years.
28. Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, ______ (be) carefully prepared according to local customs.
has become
____________________
______________________________________
__________
___
is
________
________________
has been
____________
has (been) developed
will remain
29. Especially famous is the wall built in 220—206 BC. Little of that wall _________ (remain).
30. According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative ________ (help) to promote “equality for all children in the next generation”.
31. The humble man __________ (refuse) an interview invitation after becoming an Internet star and said that he just did what he felt he should.
remains
will help
__
______
were
_________________
(二)
1. A study last year __________ (show) that about 8 million tons of plastic enters the oceans every year.
2. A girl on a bike _________ (catch) my attention. She was riding beside the bus and waving her arm.
3. In the time of Song dynasty, Zhou Dunyi ________ (write) Theory of the Tai Chi Pictures.
4. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _____ (be) often acceptable.
5. English _____________ (change) and developed (when cultures met and communicated with each other) over the past centuries.
caught
wrote
____________________
____________________________________
______
_________________
_______
has changed
is
showed
动名词短语作主语，谓语用单数
___________
6. That Saturday, the teacher wrote down the name of each student on a separate sheet of paper, and listed what everyone else _________ (say) about that person.
7. After ten days, all the work ________ (pay) off. It made a big difference to Stevens’ life.
8. How exciting it is to visit China! China can offer [what ________ (appeal) to every visitor], but due to the population, the crowds can be an issue.
9. The Chinese ___________(know) about the benefits of green tea since ancient times.
10. Dolva, one of the scientists who ______(be) concentrating on developing the robot, explains how the robot AV1 works.
paid
have known
had said
___________
_______
______
are
_______
_____________
____
____
appeals
定语从句谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致
pay off 作“成功、奏效”时，不及物。
二、时态语篇填空
(一)
Our hotel ______(be) located in Side, a beautiful place by the Mediterranean Sea. In addition to the sun, sea and sand, Paradise Hotel _______(offer) you a variety of fun, exciting and also relaxing facilities. There _____(be) some interesting things for almost everyone.
If children below 8 come, they _______(be) excited about diving and water-skiing. Ball games like badminton, tennis and golf can ____________(play) by older children. Besides, they can sunbathe on the golden sand beaches or swim in the clear blue sea or just walk along the beaches.
is
offers
be played
___________________
__
_________
are
will be
if 如果/假如，引导条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”原则
___
_________
Nights at Paradise Hotel _____(be) as enjoyable as the days. You can enjoy Turkish folk dances, magic shows, or singing together with your family and friends. Please, visit our website www. for details and reservations.
are
_____
_______
(二)
Both Peter and Chris _________(agree) that the best part of the entire trip was coming across the kindness of strangers along the way, many of whom ________(invite) the couple for food and drink. Chris, 64, said, “It ____(be) a wonderful experience, particularly wonderful because of the amazing people we met along the way.”
If they have time and enough money, they ________(go) there again.
will go
____________________________
___
was
invited
___
___
agreed
if 如果/假如，引导条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”原则
主谓一致填空对比训练
Group 1
1. The old _____ (be) well looked after by the government in China.
2. The beautiful ______ (be) enjoyed by all people in the world.
Group 2
1. The secretary and manager _______ (be) very busy now.
2. The secretary and the manager _______ (be) very busy now.
are
is
is
are
Group 3
1. Not only Tom but also his sisters ______ (be) fond of watching TV.
2. Not only the sisters but also Tom ______ (be) fond of watching TV.
Group 4
1. About 20 percent of the work _______ (be) finished yesterday.
2. About 20 percent of the exercises ______ (be) finished yesterday.
not only ... but also..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数与最接近谓语的主语单复数保持一致
is
was
were
are
Group 5
1. Most of his spare time ________ (be) spent in reading last year.
2. Most of the pupils ________ (be) interested in the story now.
Group 6
1. This is one of the best novels that _____ (have) appeared this year.
2. This is the one of the best novels that _______ (have) appeared this year.
was
are
have
has
Group 7
1. Although the first part of the book is easy, the rest ______ (be) difficult.
2. Some of the students are playing basketball while the rest _______ (be) playing football.
Group 8
1. When and where to build the new factory ___________ (be not) decided yet.
2. Where to build the new factory and when to finish it __________ (be not) known to people yet.
is
are
isn’t/hasn’t
aren’t/haven’t
Group 9
1. Each of the students ______ (have) an English-Chinese dictionary.
2. They each _______ (have) an English-Chinese dictionary.
Group 10
1. This pair of trousers ______ (be) made in Germany.
2. Your trousers ________ (be) dirty, so you have to wash them.
has
have
is
are
Group 11
1. Many men ________ (have) come to help us.
2. Many a man ___________ (have) come to help us.
Group 12
1. The Chinese people ___________ (be) hard-working and brave.
2. The Chinese people _________ (be) a hard-working and brave people.
have
held
are
is
人们
民族
Group 13
1. The police _______ (be) searching for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
2. The policeman ____ (be) searching for a murderer the other day.
Group 14
1. All but one ________ (be) here just now.
2. Nobody but one _________ (be) here just now.
were
was
were
was
除了一个以外，所有人......
只有一个......
Group 15
1. The whole class _______ (be) listening to the teacher attentively a moment ago.
2. The whole class ________ (be) very large, which can hold 50 students.
Group 16
1. What we need _______ (be) more time.
2. What we need ______ (be) more workers.
were
is
is
are
Group 17
1. A large amount of damage _______ (be) done to the city.
2. Large amounts of money _______ (be) spent in rebuilding the school.
Group 18
1. A number of students _______ (have) gone to the countryside to help the farmers.
2. The number of the students invited ____________ (be) one hundred so far.
was
were
have
has been
Group 19
1. More than one person ______ (have) seen the accident.
2. More than one hundred persons ______ (have) seen the accident.
Group 20
1. This glass works _______ (be) set up in 1980.
2. These glass works _______ (be) near the railway station now.
has
have
was
are
“more than one + 单数名词” 作主语时，谓语用单数 ； 译为“不止一个”
“more than one + 数词+复数名词” 作主语时，谓语用复数
真题实战
一、单句语法填空
1. (2023·全国乙卷) The remarkable development of this city, [which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world], _________ (mean) [there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
2. (2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves [that a simple literary form (that has been passed down through the ages) can still ___________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.]
缺主句谓语
be employed
_____
________________
___
__________________
宾从主语
means
缺宾语从句的谓语动词部分，被动
__________________
3. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper [when I grew up]. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
4. (2023·浙江卷1月) Citizens of higher social classes ___________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
5. (2023·浙江卷1月) The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____________ (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子).
缺谓语，citizens和permit为被动关系
were permitted
_________
______________
缺主句谓语
featured
wished
有并列谓语，缺谓语
6. (2023·全国乙卷) Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _____________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
7. (2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years, Cao __________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
8. (2022·全国高考乙卷) The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony.
缺谓语，I和amaze为被动关系
has walked
_______________
缺谓语
addressed
was amazed
缺谓语,陈述过去的事情用过去式
9. (2022·新高考I卷) After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.
10. (2022·新高考I卷) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas [that _____ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management].
缺谓语,叙述客观事实用一般现在时，The GPNP和design为被动关系
were
is designed
缺定语从句的谓语动词，单复数与先行词保持一致
11. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷) Henry ____________ (fix) his car [when he heard the screams]. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
12. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷) He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _______ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
13. (2022年浙江卷1月) Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
缺谓语
threw
缺主句谓语,when 引导从句用过去时，主句用过去进行时
is viewed/has been viewed
was fixing
缺谓语,动名词做主语，谓语用单数，被动关系
14. (2022年浙江卷1月) But Cobb and others ______ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and _________ (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
15. (2022年浙江卷1月) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many of them climate scientists _______________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
缺谓语助动词，现在进行时
changing
缺部分并列谓语
have promised
are
缺谓语, since 从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时
16. (2021年全国甲卷·61) It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
17. (2021年全国甲卷·66) We ______ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.
18. (2021年全国新高考I卷·61) You can’t help wondering [how hard it _______(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. ]
缺谓语，it和build为被动关系
hired
____
____________________________
_____
_______________
缺谓语
was
was built
缺宾语从句的谓语动词
___
19. (2021新课标II卷) Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I’d send an email. One of the biggest companies [I wrote to] ______ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
20. (2021年浙江卷) It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, __________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
21. (2021年浙江卷1月) It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _______________ (consider) healthy.
并列句缺谓语，since引导过去式从句，主句用现在完成时
has proved
缺主句谓语, “one of +adj.最高级+n.复数”作主语，谓语用单数
is considered
was
并列句谓语，a BMI与consider为被动关系
22. (2021年浙江卷) Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it.”
23. (2021年浙江卷) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ______ (sell) most of their furniture.
24. (2021年浙江卷1月) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ______ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men.
缺谓语，home和paint为被动关系
sold
主句缺并列谓语
was
was painted
缺谓语
25. (2021年北京卷) [As it _____________ (connect) things], your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream．
26. (2021年北京卷) There __________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
缺从句谓语，it和connect为被动关系
has been
缺谓语
is connected
27. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·61) The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— _______ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
28. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·67&68) “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it _______ (mean) [we have the chance to obtain information about [how the moon ______________ (construct).]”
29. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·62) This is [why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.]
means
缺谓语
__________
carries
is constructed
touched
从句缺谓语，动名词做主语，谓语用单数
____
从句缺谓语
缺从句谓语动词
30. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷·63)The artist was sure [he would __________ (choose)], but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.
31. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷·66) When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _________(point) down the river.
32. (2020山东卷) The parts of a museum open to the public ____________ (call) galleries or rooms.
缺从句谓语he 和choose为被动关系
pointed
________
___________________________________
缺谓语
are called
be chosen
缺并列谓语
33. (2020山东卷) Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ______ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
34. (2020山东卷) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum [which opened in 1759].
35. (2020北京卷) Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times [before they _____________ (throw) away].
从句缺谓语, they 和throw为被动关系
formed
____________
_______
______
缺谓语
are thrown
is
主句缺谓语
36. (2020北京卷) Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says [food ______________________ (play) a big role in his life].
37. (2020北京卷) The Neanderthals _____________________ (live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
38. (2020浙江卷) And, [as more children were born], more food _____________(need).
39. (2020浙江卷) By about 6000 BC, people _______________ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
宾语从句缺谓语
lived/had lived/had been living
______________________________
_________
主句缺谓语
were needed
plays/has played/is playing/has been playing
缺谓语
had discovered
缺谓语
40. (2020浙江卷) This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with the rise of science, changes began. New methods _________ (mean) [that fewer people worked in farming].
41. (2020浙江卷1月) Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 _______ (be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050.
______
_____
主句缺谓语
was
meant
缺谓语
_____
_____
42. (2020浙江卷1月) However, greater attention should _____________ (place) on longevity (长寿).
43. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷·65) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _____________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.
____________
______
have reported
be placed
缺谓语
缺谓语, attention与place为被动关系
44. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷·70) Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
45. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷·64) Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene__________ (declare) [she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.] Irene said…
46. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷·66) Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends [I ______________(make) over the years. ]
declared
并列句缺谓语
__________
____
___________
__
have made
主句缺谓语
are
定语从句缺谓语
___
47. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷·65) Our hosts shared many of their experiences and________________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
48. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷·69) When they were free from work, they invited us… They also shared with us… On the last day of our week-long stay, we ______________(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm…
49. (2019浙江卷) [When the children are walking or _______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings], car drivers can easily see them.
缺并列谓语
were invited
_____
缺谓语，we 和invite之间为被动关系
______
___
从句缺部分谓语
recommended
cycling
__
__________
50. (2019浙江卷) One study in America found [that students’ grades __________(improve) a little (after the school introduced uniforms)].
51. (2019北京卷) On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I _________(voice) my biggest concern to my mother.
52. (2019北京卷) Does the name of the college [you attend] really matter Research on the question _____________________(suggest) [that, for most students, it doesn’t].
53. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷) [While running regularly can’t make you live forever], the review says [it _____ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming].
voiced
宾从缺谓语
________
_____
____
_____
suggests/suggested/has suggested
缺谓语
improved
主句缺谓语
________
is
宾从缺谓语
54. (2018年全国Ⅱ卷·61) Since 2011, the country __________ (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years.
55. (2018年全国Ⅱ卷·68) The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds {that between 2005— [when the government _______ (start) a soil-testing program (that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers)]—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons}.
56. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·69) When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal ________ (mean) me no real harm.
started
缺谓语
________
缺谓语
meant
has grown
从句缺谓语
___
________
57. (2018浙江卷) [While regularly eating out seems to ______________(become) common for many young people in recent years], it’s not without a cost.
58. (2018浙江卷) I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________ (shock) [when I learnt (she hadn’t cooked once in all that time)].
59. (2018·江苏卷) Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, [for we _________________ (develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then].
was shocked
缺部分谓语
________
并列句缺谓语
will have developed
have become
并列句缺谓语
_____
______
______
60. (2017全国Ⅰ卷·64) [When fat and salt ______________(remove) from food], the food tastes as if it is missing something.
61. [2017全国Ⅲ] Sarah ______________ (tell) [that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. ]
62. [2017天津, 6] Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, __________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
63. (2016江苏, 22) More efforts, as reported, _____________ (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
was told/has been told
主句缺谓语
with/along with/together with/as well as 连接两个主语，谓语与这些词前面的主语保持一致, 主语和regard为被动关系
从句缺谓语
_________
缺谓语，efforts和made为被动关系
is regarded
are removed
______
_____________
will be made
在未来几年中
64. (2015湖南) I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness [when I ________ (ask), “What do you wish me to do now ”]
65. (2015北京) In the last few years, China __________ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.
66. (2014全国Ⅰ, 61) In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ________ (be) unimaginable [that it could ever be cleaned up].
缺主句谓语
_______________
从句缺谓语，I 和ask为主动关系
has made
asked
was
缺谓语
_____
_______________
_______
____
________________
课后作业：复习谓语动词
Thank you for listening！
