-2024年高考英语二轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（通用版）06七选五（巧用三个微技巧）（含答案）

七选五---巧用三个微技巧
技法一 词汇线索法
1.词汇复现
[技巧依据] 介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。 [技法点拨]
典例1(2022·新高考I卷)You and your partner will probably have different skills. 20 Overtime,both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心)of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good“seeking training partner"notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
F根据前文“You and your partner will prob-ably have different skills.(你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time,both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”承上启下，符合上下文语境。其中前文的different与选项F中的differences为同义词复现。故选F。
2.代词指代
[技巧依据] 英语文章中代词出现的频率很高，代词可以用来指代前面提及的名词(短语)或句子，可借助这一线索准确解题。 [技法点拨]
典例2(2022·全国甲卷)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
F根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.”可知，此处讲述正确使用筷子的方式。所以F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
技法二 逻辑关系法
[技巧依据] 一个段落中总有一些衔接过渡词或并列连词，如however,therefore, thus,accordingly,yet,besides,still等和and,but,so, not only...but also...,neither...nor..等。 [技法点拨]
典例3(2022·全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East,it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ,instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them s you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
C 根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East,it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.”和下文“instead preferring to use their hands”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。句中instead与上句形成转折关系。所以C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境。故选C。
技法三 相似结构线索法
[技巧依据] 七选五的体裁大多是说明文，常采用总分或总分总形式，第一段说明事物的主题，下面几段从不同角度说明问题，最后总结，各段之间多是平行关系。在文章句式的使用上，多出现相似句型。有时候设空是句子的某一部分，所以可以借助相似句 型和句子结构解题。 [技法点拨]
典例4(2022·全国甲卷)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange,but they are important in various countries. 40 ,the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
B 根据下文“the more comfortable you'll be-gin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.”可推知，此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，所以答案可以锁定在A项和B项，"the more comfortable you'll be-gin to feel with its foreign cultural practices."中的its与B项中的any given country相呼应。故选B。
典例5(2021·全国甲卷)A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes,the organization of the event,and,obviously,how much fun it had.It's really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 ,and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
A 相似结构线索法解题。上文说明了应该邀请的人数。下文说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。故此空处应针对下文中的"more than that”提出相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”和下文中“more than that”为相似结构，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。
巩固提高
A
(2022·佛山质检)Apple's vitamin and mineral content,its easy availability,and its inexpensiveness are the reasons why it's the second most-consumed fruit in the world. 1 But what about the calories and nutritional value in it Can we consume apples in endless numbers and still stay fit
A medium-sized apple contains up to 95 calories.However,the sugar content—about19g—is still less than the 21g you get in a regular sized chocolate bar. 2 The fiber present in fruits and vegetables helps control the blood sugar level naturally.It slows down digestion and stops the blood sugar level from rising as they would after you consume candy.
Eating one medium-sized apple gives you your daily dose of 14%vitamin A and 11% of vitamin C,both of which your immune system needs the most.Antioxidants like vitamin A and vitamin C save the body from damage caused by unstable atoms. 3 If we consume darker apples more,we can get an antioxidant that protects the body from diseases and a good amount of indigestible fiber our gut's good bacteria feed on,so it's a win-win deal!
4 Consuming one or two apples on a daily basis is good for your health.But if you're diabetic,you should restrict the consumption to not more than a small-sized apple a day as apples are a high-sugar fruit.If you stay alert and stick to a proper diet,your body will benefit a lot.But if you eat endlessly,even the healthiest food in the world would damage your body and increase the number of doctor visits. 5
A.So act smartly and stay safe.
B.How many apples can you eat in a day
C.Therefore,you should watch out for the food quality.
D.How can we guarantee that we will get this fruit continuously
E.Plus,this sugar is less harmful to your body since it comes with fibers.
F.They reduce the risks of illness and aging,giving you healthy and smooth skin.
G.Since it comes in many varieties and different tastes,People never get bored of it.
[答案解析] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食用苹果的好处以及一些注意事项。
1.G 空前介绍苹果成为世界第二大消费水果的原因：富含维生素和矿物质，易于获得，价格低廉。后文与前文
构成转折关系，提出了关于苹果的两个问题：它的热量和营养价值呢 我们没完没了地吃苹果还能保持健康吗 由此推断，空格处应与前文并列，说明苹果受欢迎的原因。G项“由于它有许多品种，口味多样，人们从不厌倦它”符合语境。
2.E 空前介绍苹果含糖量少：一个中等大小的苹果含有高达95卡路里的热量。然而它的含糖量——大约19克——仍然比你从常规大小的巧克力棒中获得的21克要少。空后则主要解释水果和蔬菜中的纤维的益处。由此可知，空处应起过渡、衔接的作用，进一步解释苹果中所含糖分对身体的影响，同时引出苹果中含有纤维素。E项“此外，这种糖对你的身体伤害较小，因为它含有纤维素”能够承接前文介绍的苹果中糖含量低，也引出了纤维素，符合语境。E项中的fibers对应后文中的The fiber,
3.F 通读该段，根据段中关键词块“vitamin A and vita-min C""save the body from damage”"protects the body from diseases”可知，前后文都在介绍苹果所提供的维生素A和维生素C的作用。故空处应承接上文，进一步说明苹果中抗氧化剂的好处。F项“它们能降低疾病和衰老的风险，给你健康光滑的皮肤”符合语境，其中They指代前文中的“vitamin A and vitamin C”。
4.B 空处位于段首，通常为统领全段的主旨句。根据后文拓展部分的介绍“每天吃一个或两个苹果对健康是有好处的。但如果你是糖尿病患者，你应该限制每天吃不超过一个小苹果……”推断，本段的主旨是每天该吃多少苹果。故B项“你一天能吃多少个苹果 ”符合语境，且B项中eat对应后文中的Consuming。
5.A 空前介绍如果你没完没了地吃，即使是世界上最健康的食物也会损害你的身体，这说明吃太多苹果对健康
有害。空处为本段最后一句，应点明吃苹果要适量，故A项“所以要聪明行事，保持安全”为正确答案。
B
(2022·泰州期末)Your alarm goes off on the first day of January.You force yourself out of your bed and steadily walk toward the bathroom,where you catch sight of a pale-faced,sleepy-eyed"monster"in the mirror. 6 .However,after a moment,you think,"Wait,it's okay because today is New Year's Day,time to get back in shape!”For many people,the start of a new year signals the end of a period of overindulgence(放纵).During December,it is often justified by the planning of New Year's resolutions to turn oneself into a fit and healthy human being. However, the fact is that approximately 80% of New Year's resolutions are abandoned before February. 7 While we may have good intentions when making resolutions,we are not actually making ourselves any more disciplined. Change involves a degree of stress,and someone not mentally equipped to handle that stress will struggle to change.
8 One idea is to think small rather than big. Many people's plans involve extreme measures,while in reality,change is likely easier in smaller steps,which allows for greater success. 9 30 minutes of TV time for two hours at the gym can be rewarding in motivating someone to work out every day.
Finally,set concrete goals. 10 For example,"I'm going to go running every day to train for a half-marathon in April”would be far more powerful than“I'm going to get in better shape this year".Most importantly,remember that New Year's resolutions should be for life.Change takes time and effort,but with suitable strategies,there is no reason why you cannot stick to your resolutions permanently—or at least until June.
A.You seem to be over the moon.
B.Almost instantly,you step back in horror.
C.So,how can you make yourself more disciplined
D.Instead of making a vague resolution,make a specific one.
E.Another helpful strategy is to design a personal reward system.
F.Given this situation,why should we still put ourselves under great stress
G.Regarding why this happens,the answer is likely related to self-discipline.
[答案解析] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了很多人都会在新年制订计划，但很难坚持到底，这是因为不够自律，文章介绍了让自己变得更加自律的几种方法。
6.B 上文说到1月第一天的闹钟响起，你强迫自己起床，稳步走向浴室，在镜中看到一个脸色苍白、睡眼惺忪的“怪物”,空处应该顺承上文介绍此时“你”的反应。B项“你几乎立刻惊恐地后退了一步”符合语境。
7.G上文提到，大约80%的新年计划在2月之前就被放弃了。G项“关于为什么会发生这种情况，答案可能与自律有关”承接上文，点明了出现这一现象的原因，G项中的“self-discipline”与下文中的“more disciplined”呼应。
8.C 结合上文和下文提到的方法可知，本段讲述的是怎样做到自律，C项“那么,怎样才能让你自己更自律呢 ”点明了段落主旨。
9.E根据下文中的例子“在健身房锻炼两个小时可以看30分钟电视，在激励某人每天锻炼方面是有益的”可知，这里介绍的是让自己更自律的另一方法——设计个人奖励体系。E项中的“design a personal reward system”照应下文。本题可以利用固定结构“one...another.”解题。“Another helpful strategy...”与前文“One idea...”呼应。
10.D 空前的“set concrete goals”是段落主旨句，空后通过举例的方式进行了具体解释。D项“不要制订模糊的计划，要制订具体的计划”是对前一句的进一步解释说明，D项中的“specific one”与上文中的“concrete goals”照应。