(共24张PPT)
知主题考频
热考主题 考频 课标链接 真题示例 1.自我提升 5年12考 ※健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度 ※认识自我丰富自我，完善自我 ※乐于学习，善于学习，终身学习 2023新课标Ⅰ卷 自我原谅
2.社会交往与跨文化沟通 5年15考 ※良好的人际关系与社会交往 ※跨文化沟通、包容与合作 2022全国乙卷 维持长距离友谊的方法
知命题规律
※七选五侧重考查考生的逻辑思维能力，其命题形式体现了新课标对考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力要求。
※七选五拓宽了阅读理解能力考查的深度和广度,不仅考查了考生句子层面的阅读理解能力，还考查了语篇层次上的阅读理解能力，如语感和语境领悟能力、把握作者思路的能力以及对整个语篇或语段的衔接手段与连贯性的敏感度等。所填句子类型涉及主旨概括句、细节句、过渡句、结论句、标题句等。
知考法考向
选材方面 侧重三大主题语境中的"人与自我"和"人与社会"，二者所选比例相当；所选材料与生活息息相关，实用性强，注重培养考生提升自我的能力和社会交往及跨文化沟通的能力。
语篇类型方面 说明文是主流，其次是记叙文，偶尔会有夹叙夹议文或议论文。
文本结构方面 结构完整，多为总分或总分总结构。
设题方面 设空位置分布在段首、段中和段尾，较注重上下文逻辑关系的段中句考查比例最大，段首和段尾设空比例相当；以整句设空为主，偶有半句设空。
知备考方向
①要学会精选符合近几年七选五命题规律的优质语篇，有针对性地进行高效练习。
②解题时需要关注语篇结构，重视语篇分析，从总体上把握文章，关注段落之间的关系，分析段落功能；关注句子之间的关系，厘清关系类型和衔接方式，如并列、对应、承接、重复、转折、解释和因果等。
③根据题型特点，做到具体问题具体分析——主旨概括句常设在段首或段尾，在解题时要认真阅读前面的内容或后面的内容，根据段落内容一致性的原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主旨概括句；细节句和过渡句一般在段中，可采用词汇复现法、代词线索法和逻辑关系法等；结论句一般在段尾，对整段的内容进行总结；标题句和主旨概括句类似，一般是对下面一段内容的中心思想的简短概括。
热考主题1 自我提升
Passage 1
话题：自我原谅 主题语境：人与自我 词数：约240 难度：★★★★☆
[2023新课标Ⅰ卷] Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." 2 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading "Acts of kindness."On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 5 We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解析】 本文介绍了自我原谅的一些具体方法。自我原谅的具体方法包括罗列个人优点、列举自己帮助别人的事迹和让别人帮你指出优点。
1.D 考查逻辑关系。本文的主题是自我原谅，空前两句和空后一句都没有提到forgiveness，再结合空后的"help you do this"和下文的内容可知，空处一定会提到forgiveness及它的重要性。故选D项。
2.B 考查逻辑关系。根据空前的"Personal strengths"和空后的例子可知，B项"现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自己的特点"承上启下，符合逻辑。
3.F 考查段尾总结句。空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情，F项"不管是什么事，不管它看起来可能有多小，把它写下来"总结上文，符合逻辑。
4.C 考查逻辑关系。空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人帮你往列表添加东西，C项"他们甚至可能愿意尝试这样做"承接上文。C项中的They指代前面的"a friend or family member"。
5.G 考查逻辑关系。 根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改变并一直在学习。G项中的"it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality"和空后的"We’re all changing"形成对比。
Passage 2
话题：成为更有耐性的人 主题语境：人与自我 词数：约240 难度：★★★☆☆
内容实用性强[2023全国甲卷]Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here’s a riddle:What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer: 1 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 . "Showing thankfulness can foster self-control," said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
●Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most "feel good" option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● 4
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, " 5 ." You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practice more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G.They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解析】 本文介绍了如何成为更有耐心的人。
1.G 根据空前的"There’s one answer"可知，本空要回答前面的问题"What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common "(交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处呢 )。根据文章标题"Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person"和常识可知，这三种情况都需要人们多点耐心，故G项符合语境。
2.E 本段第一句讲到了"Thankfulness has a lot of benefits"(感恩有很多好处)，空前讲到了一些好处"it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic"(它让我们更快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐观)，因此，空处讲到的应该还是好处，且涉及主题"耐心"，故E项"它也可以帮助我们练习更耐心"符合语境，E项中的 also与上句形成了递进关系。
3.B 根据空前的"the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice"(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空后的"Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake"(把看你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去吃那个蛋糕)可知，此处讲到的都是一些细小的事情。B项"从小任务开始"承上启下，故B项符合语境。
4.C 本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的"when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances"(当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对状况感到不耐烦)可知，本段主要围绕如何在不舒服的情况下培养耐心展开，故C项"接受不舒服"适合作本段的主旨句。
5.F 本段主要讲到了"接受不舒服"，因此，空处讲到的也是在不舒服的情况下，自己可以给自己的心理暗示，故F项"This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable"(这只是令人不舒服,并不是让人无法忍受)符合语境，且能引出下文"You’ll then gradually become more patient"(然后，你就会逐渐变得更加有耐心)。
【二次精读】
核心单词：riddle n.谜，无法解释的情况 foster v.促进，助长，培养，鼓励
核心短语：have sth. at one’s fingertips有……随时可供使用 better off更好的 in the long run从长远来看 get into the habit of养成……的习惯
Passage 3
话题：写文章的技巧 主题语境：人与自我 词数：约300 难度：★★★☆☆
[2022新高考Ⅱ卷]Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
1 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 2 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 3 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle — as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced(三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. __4__ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks(大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 5 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A.Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B.Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C.The second draft of the essay should be better.
D.First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E.Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F.Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G.Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【解析】 本文主要介绍了三个写文章的技巧。
1.D 根据空后内容可知，当你第一次想写一篇文章时，不间断地写10或15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。由此可知，本段主要讲的技巧是要学会不间断地写。再结合空处所在位置可推知，空处是本段的主题句，故D项符合语境。
2.B 根据空前的"Stay loose and free"和空后的"Don’t worry about grammar or spelling"可知，空处应说按自己心里想的内容写，自由发挥，故B项符合语境。
3.E 根据空前内容可知，下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。根据空后内容可知，通过学习与不完美共存，你将不会头痛，并且也不会有一个装满皱巴巴的废纸的废纸篓。E项中的"get their drafts right"和上文的"perfect"呼应，说明很多人想第一次就写好，但这是很难的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E项承上启下，符合语境。
4.F 根据空前内容可知，第三个技巧是尝试打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。F项中的 "revise"和前面的"revision"呼应，"Many beginning writers"和下文的"these writers"呼应，且F项指出了许多新手写作者不留足够修改空间的做法，空后一句就说明了这种不良做法的结果。故选F。
5.G 根据空前内容可知，当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续用时，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。而空后讲到，由此产生的空白允许你修改。因此空处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G项提到了输入到文字处理器后的做法，其中的"triple-space"和下文的"The resulting blank space"呼应，故选G项。
Passage 4
话题：如何高效利用时间 主题语境：人与自我 词数：约300 难度：★★★☆☆
内容实用性强[2022年1月浙江卷]I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed. 1
● Pick the most important.
2 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don’t want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
● Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. __3__ Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people in your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career(职业) around the people and activities you love.
● 4
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
● Lighten up.
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate
progress and keep refining(改进) toward a happy productive existence. 5 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【解析】 文章介绍了如何高效利用时间，帮助学生学会自我管理。
1.F 空前提到作者能够充分利用时间，并且感到开心和放松，下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议，F项"也许这些建议将帮助你充分利用时间"承上启下，符合语境。
2.D 根据该部分小标题和空后内容可知，作者在本段强调要将时间用于自己认为最重要且想做的事情上，D项中的"meaningful"与小标题中的"important"及空后的例子相对应，故选D项"选出你生活中有意义的事情"。
3.C 根据该部分小标题和空后的"Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner"可知，作者不建议把时间分开来进行多项活动，故C项"不要试图在它们之间平衡时间"符合语境。选项中的"them"指代上文中的 "friends, family, work, play, etc."。
4.B 空处为小标题。根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了与学习有关的内容，B项"做一个积极的学习者"能够概括段落主旨。选项中的"learner"与下文中的"learning"的对应关系也是提示。
5.G 根据空前的"Celebrate progress… a happy productive existence"和空后的"Every completion"可知，空处内容应与列举或记录各项事物有关，故G项"这就是列清单在任何有关生产效率的手册中都很重要的原因"符合语境。
【二次精读】
词汇积累：productive adj.有效益的，富有成效的 figure out想出 free sb. up使能腾出时间 undone adj.未完成的 balance v.使平衡
Passage 5
话题：提高阅读速度 主题语境：人与自我 词数：约315 难度：★★★☆☆
[2021新高考Ⅱ卷]If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 1
Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 2
3 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 4 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 5 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don’t have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder.
A.Stop to have a rest now and then.
B.Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C.This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D.Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E.Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F.You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G.Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【解析】 本文主要介绍了提高阅读速度的方法，包括选择舒适的阅读环境、花几分钟浏览书本、注意记录书中的重要内容等。
1.D 根据空处所在的位置可知，空处承上启下。由空处上句和下文的内容可知，空处应该会讲到提高阅读速度的方法，因此D项符合语境。
2.G 根据该段首句可知，该段主要介绍第一个方法：打开书前，要保证你自身是舒适的。因此，空处也应介绍确保舒适的方式。G项符合语境，故G项正确。
3.B 空处是该段首句，结合全文可知,此处应为该段主旨句；再根据空处下句的内容(浏览书的目录、前言和章节的标题等)可推知，该段主要介绍在阅读前需要花上几分钟浏览一下书的内容，故B项正确。
4.C 根据下文内容可知，历史类书籍比科学类书籍更容易阅读，前者每次可以阅读一章；而后者则仅仅可读一页。据此可以判断，空处应是对下文内容的总结：阅读的速度取决于你读的书的类型，故C项正确。
5.E 根据该段首句可知，阅读时要在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸，据此可知，空处是为了说明此举的目的。因此，E项符合语境，故E项正确。
Passage 6
话题：成为好的演讲者 主题语境：人与自我 词数：约305 难度：★★★☆☆
注重提升自我的能力[2020新高考Ⅰ卷]Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. __1__ Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the "public" at the expense of the "speaking." 2 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 3
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 4 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
5 It’s rare to hear someone say, "I wish that speaker had spoken longer." On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, "I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!" So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A.Do the opposite.
B.You want to be an effective public speaker.
C.You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【解析】 本文主要介绍了成为受人欢迎的演讲者的几个规则，即注意和听众互动，在有小错误时应继续往下讲，不断练习等。
1.G 上文提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋；下文陈述了成为演说家的规则；据此可以判断，空处起承上启下的作用，说明普通人经过训练也可以成为演说家，故G项正确。
2.A 根据上文可知，很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在"听众"身上，而不是"演讲"上；下文提到要把注意力放在演讲上，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己、建立联系。据此可以判断，空处与上句构成转折关系，故A项正确。
3.C 根据上文中的"So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one"可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉,故C项正确。
4.B 根据上文中的"Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker"可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知,空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
5.D 根据全文结构可知,空处为该段的主题句；结合下文中的"It’s rare to hear someone say, ‘I wish that speaker had spoken longer.’" "Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated"可知，本段讲述的主要内容是使你的演讲短一些，故D项最能概括本段内容。
热考主题2 社会交往与跨文化沟通
Passage 1
话题：健身伙伴 主题语境：人与社会 词数：约315 难度：★★★☆☆
[2022新高考Ⅰ卷]Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner." One reason was: "You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym," while another read: " 1 " With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. (共13张PPT)
热考主题2 社会交往与跨文化沟通
Passage 1
话题：健身伙伴 主题语境：人与社会 词数：约315 难度：★★★☆☆
[2022新高考Ⅰ卷]Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner." One reason was: "You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym," while another read: " 1 " With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good "seeking a training partner" notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【解析】 本文主要讲了人们与同伴一起健身的好处，以及如何才能找到一个好的健身伙伴。
1.C 根据空后一句"有一个健身伙伴，你将会训练得更努力，因为你们之间有一种微妙的竞争"可知，C项"如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力"符合语境。故选C。
2.D 根据空后的问句"Or do you... and flexibility "可知，空处也应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。由此可知，D项"你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为一名更好的运动员吗 "符合语境，故选D。
3.B 根据空后一句"如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人(你的伙伴)一定得是同一个健身房的"可知，空处内容应该与健身伙伴所在的位置有关。由此可知，B项"健身伙伴通常需要住在附近"符合语境，故选B。
4.G 空前介绍了作者的健身伙伴张贴的寻找健身伙伴的启事的内容。故空处也应与启事内容有关。G项"任何寻找训练伙伴的启事都应包括这些信息"符合语境，故选G。
5.F 根据空前"你和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能"可推知，F项"接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作"符合语境，故选F。
【二次精读】
核心单词：effort n. 努力 competition n.竞争 flexibility n.灵活性 response n.回复
核心短语：first of all 首先 result in 引起，导致 belong to 属于
Passage 2
话题：维持长距离友谊的方法 主题语境：人与社会 词数：约295 难度：★★★☆☆
注重社会交往[2022全国乙卷]Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain(保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact(联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 1 .
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 2 .There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy(共情)
3 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· 4
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
5 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了维持长距离友谊的五种方法。
1.D 空前提到双方忙碌，可能会难以找到时间打电话。根据该段小标题"Set a regular date"可知，此段主要建议朋友间设定一个固定时间来联系，对应选项D中的"Try to find a time that works for both of you"，故选D。
2.E 根据空前的"Make sure you have communicated...for you both"以及空后的"There are...a group chat"可知，空处内容应与交流方式相关。空前的"what method works best for you both"与选项E中的"their preferred methods of communication"对应，故选E。
3.G 该段中的"The friend who is remaining"" the friend who has moved"分别对应选项G中的"the one who was left behind""the friend who left"，故选G。
4.A 根据语境和常识可知，"Anniversaries and birthdays"均为重要的日子,再结合该段中的"keeps track of friends’birthdays and other important dates"可知选A。
5.F 空后"long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain"表示 "长距离友谊，即使是亲密的朋友之间，也可能需要更有意识的努力来维持"，又根据空后的but可知，空处内容应与空后内容形成转折，F项"通过社交媒体获得联系感是很容易的"符合语境。
Passage 3
话题：不同国家的就餐礼仪 主题语境：人与社会 词数：约300 难度：★★★☆☆
半句设空[2022全国甲卷]Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1 .Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
4 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5 , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【解析】 本文主要介绍了在不同国家就餐时需要注意的一些事情，如餐具的使用、如何发出请求等。
1.D 空前一句讲到了"与文化有关的用餐礼仪中的一些重要规则可能会让你大为惊讶"，空后一句则讲到了"知道一些窍门儿有助于确保你用餐愉快"。因此，空处讲到的应该是不要让人发现你在餐馆犯下令人难堪的错误，故D项符合语境。
2.F 结合常识可以判断，F项"Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them"中的三个"them"指的都是chopsticks，且F项讲到的是筷子礼仪，符合本段主题。
3.C 结合空前的"In India and the Middle East...in France...hand"和空后的"In Chile...their spoons"可知，空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗，选项中符合语境的只有C项，且C项与空后的"instead preferring to use their hands"形成对比，故C项符合语境。
4.G 结合小标题Making Requests可知，本段主要讲到了在就餐时发出请求，G项的"a simple request"符合语境，且是空后一句中的"this"指代的内容，故选G项。
5.B 根据空后的"the more comfortable...practices"可知，此处是固定句型"the+比较级, the+比较级"，由此锁定选项A和B。结合语境可知，你在特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的文化习俗感到越自在，故B项符合语境。
Passage 4
话题：体验巴黎生活 主题语境：人与社会 词数：约345 难度：★★★☆☆
记叙文文体[2021新高考Ⅰ卷]My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管) worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, "Ouverture des portes," in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
4 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率). You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【解析】 本文主要讲述了作者与丈夫花了一周时间体验巴黎生活的经历。
1.F 本空起到了承上启下的作用，空前讲到了"我和丈夫刚刚在巴黎待了一周"，空后一句讲到了"所以，我们做的第一件事情就是花大价钱租了一个橱柜大小、位于六层的公寓"，F项"我们的目的是看下在某种程度上我们是否能像真正的巴黎人一样生活"符合语境。
2.C 空前一句讲到了"和通常的巴黎公寓不同，这里的水管可以使用"，空后一句讲到了"我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯"，因此空处应与公寓或公寓楼有关，故C项符合语境。
3.G 空前一句讲到了"他们吃得很好，却不发胖"，而空后一句讲到了"法国的草莓尝起来不像硬纸板，相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你的嘴里爆炸"，因此空处讲到的应该是法国的食物带给人的感受，故G项符合语境。
4.E 本题需结合上段内容作答，上一段讲到巴黎的食物非常美味，人们不需要吃太多就可以感到开心。空后讲述作者和丈夫购买食品杂货时发现巴黎的食物很贵，暗含法国人因此吃得少，故E项"那不是法国人比我们吃得少的唯一原因"符合语境。
5.A 空前一句讲到了"法国的咖啡馆总是爆满"，而空后一句讲到了"这些人什么时候去上班呢"，据此可知，空处应该会讲到咖啡馆里的一些人，故A项符合语境。
