(共22张PPT)
考点1 语境语义
过考点 考点突破分类强化
Cloze 1
话题:高中生践行环保理念 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约260 难度:★★☆☆☆
环境保护[2023云南红河州统测(二)]What do you do with your clothes that you can't or don't want to wear anymore Through cutting, stitching(缝) and redesigning. Baxter Salzwedel has found a 1 way to be environmentally friendly.
In March 2022, recycling clothes 2 the teenager from Lakeside High School a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneur Live Competition. The competition was hosted by Junior Achievement of Wisconsin, a nonprofit organization. He won a scholarship of $10,000 for his 3 clothing brand The Mad Patcher.
In the beginning, Baxter just worked with clothes for fun. He learned his 4 skills from his grandmother at a young age. He then started to 5 his old jeans to try and make cool new designs.
The fun hobby quickly turned into 6 for Baxter when his classmates started asking him to make customized clothing for them and they 7 for it."I can't make so many clothes for free," said Baxter.
In 2021, Baxter started his clothing 8 . He now uses colorful and patterned pieces from other clothes to 9 his patchwork(拼缝物) designs, like jeans, shirts and jackets. He only uses donated or __10__ materials to ensure maximum sustainability.
Baxter has earned thousands of dollars through selling his clothes and he has 11 25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environmental conservation organizations.
He was 12 as a finalist out of dozens of applicants across the US. The finalist needs to have
successful business experience, growth potential, innovation and 13 involvement. "It was amazing to do that and meet all sorts of young people with similar ideas," Baxter said 14 . For Baxter, The Mad Patcher is a lifelong 15 worth working on.
plicated B.traditional C.fashionable D.casual
2A.earned B.bought C.left D.made
3A.sustainable B.affordable C.unforgettable D.recognizable
4A.painting B.driving C.cooking D.sewing
5A.put down B.set down C.tear up D.make up
6A.business B.task C.glory D.duty
7A.worked B.paid C.cheered D.clapped
8A.course B.show C.shop D.brand
9A.find B.advertise C.display D.create
10A.plastic B.recycled C.colorful D.artificial
11A.returned B.submitted C.donated D.lent
12A.selected B.regarded C.described D.interviewed
13A.political B.social C.academic D.scientific
14A.calmly B.nervously C.excitedly D.patiently
15A.research B.test C.assignment D.project
【解析】 文章主要讲述了高中生Baxter通过对旧衣物再设计的方法来践行环保理念,他不仅开创了自己的服装品牌,还入围了青年企业家现场大赛。
1.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"Through cutting, stitching(缝) and redesigning"和下文中的"try and make cool new designs"及语境可知,他通过对旧衣服重新设计的方法,制作时尚的衣服,践行环保理念,故选C项。complicated"复杂的";traditional"传统的";fashionable"时尚的";casual"随便的"。
2.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneur Live Competition"可知,他想出的旧衣物再利用的方法为他赢得(earned)青年企业家现场大赛的决赛名额,故选A项。
3.A 复现信息 根据上文中的"be environmentally friendly"和下文中的"ensure maximum sustainability"可知,他的服装品牌是环保的,故选A项。sustainable"可持续的,不破坏环境的";affordable"付得起的";
unforgettable"难忘的";recognizable"可认出的"。
4.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"Through cutting, stitching(缝) and redesigning"和"worked with clothes"可知,他从小跟随祖母学习缝纫技艺,故选D项。painting"绘画";driving"驾驶";cooking"烹饪";sewing"缝纫"。
【名师点津】
一篇文章往往围绕某个主题展开,相邻的句子往往谈论的是同一件事情,所以句与句之间、段与段之间在语义上一定有关联。理解文章或段落主旨并能够发现上下文之间的这种语义关联,是完形填空重要的解题技巧之一。考生需要考虑设空处与句中其他部分、前后句甚至相隔较远的句子在语义上的一致性。要充分理解语境,利用语义上的关联巧妙解题。
5.C 固定搭配 根据下文中的"try and make cool new designs"可知,他把自己的旧牛仔裤撕破,尝试做出炫酷的新设计,故选C项。put down"记下,镇压";set down"登记,制定,规定(规则、原则等)";tear up"撕毁,撕碎(文件等)";make up"构成,编造(故事、谎言等)"。
6.A 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"asking him to make customized clothing for them and they 7 for it"和"I can't make so many clothes for free"可知,同学们定制衣服需要支付费用,单纯的爱好变成了生意,故选A项。business"生意";task"任务";glory"荣耀";duty"责任"。
7.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"I can't make so many clothes for free"可知,同学们定制衣服需要支付费用,故选B项。work"工作";pay"支付";cheer"欢呼";clap"拍手"。
8.D 复现信息 根据上文中的"clothing brand The Mad Patcher"可知,他开创了自己的服装品牌,故选D项。course"课程";show"演出,节目";shop"商店";brand"品牌"。
9.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"make cool new designs"可知,他现在使用其他衣服上颜色鲜艳的和有图案的布料来创造他的拼接设计,故选D项。find"发现";advertise"登广告";display"展览";create"创造,创作"。
10.B 复现信息 根据上文中的"recycling clothes"和下文中的"to ensure maximum sustainability"可知,他只使用捐赠的或回收的材料,故选B项。plastic"塑料的";recycled"再利用的";colorful"颜色鲜艳的";
artificial"人工的"。
11.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environment conservation organizations"可知,他向一些非营利性环保组织捐钱。故选C项。return"返回";submit"提交";donate"捐赠";
lend"借出"。
12.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"out of dozens of applicants across the US"和语境可知,他从全美众多申请者中脱颖而出,进入决赛,故选A项。select"选择,选拔";regard"认为";describe"描述";interview"采访"。
13.B 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"he has 11 25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environment conservation organizations"可知,Baxter在盈利的同时,不忘回报社会;根据本段第一句话可知,他被选为决赛选手。故可推知,本句讲的是决赛选手需要有成功的商业经验、增长潜力、创新性和社会参与,故选B项。political"政治的";social"社会的";academic"学术的";scientific"科学的"。
14.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"It was amazing"可知,进入决赛,遇到那么多志同道合的年轻人,他感到很激动,故选C项。calmly"冷静地";nervously"紧张地";excitedly"激动地";patiently"耐心地"。
15.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"his 3 clothing brand The Mad Patcher"和语境可知,The Mad Patcher是Baxter创立的一个品牌项目,也是一个值得他投入一生的项目,故选D项。research"研究";test"测试";
assignment"作业";project"项目"。
Cloze 2
话题:一包种子引发的思考 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约250 难度:★★☆☆☆
[2023山东济南3月模考]When I retired, my wife Peg said, "Great! You'll have time to clean the garage!" After 30 years' 1 as director of a radio station, I would finally have more time for housework, but I worried I'd lose the sense of 2 I had felt in my profession.
I pushed at the garage's wooden doors, but they were as 3 as I felt in this new stage of my life. I finally got the doors open and started to empty the shelves. Then my hand hit something 4 . It was a common old metal can. I 5 the cover and found a 6 envelope with a postmark of May 13, 1940 inside. 7 , I opened it and found some flower seeds in it. "Eighty years old! I wonder if they'll still grow," I thought to myself.
I 8 the seeds in a plastic pot. I checked it every day, but nothing happened. "I guess they're just too __9__ to be any good," I told Peg in 10 . I picked up the pot to get rid of it, but something made me __11__. I changed my mind and set it aside. Meanwhile, I was keeping 12 , buying some books to improve my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew about gardening and dogs.
Six weeks later, I was out in the yard when I 13 to notice the pot. A new bit of green—a leaf had __14__. I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters. "Look, girls! Even something this old can still _ 15_for its purpose and be pretty cool. Just like your grandpapa!"
1A.dream B.belief C.study D.service
2A.freedom B.purpose C.trust D.security
3A.worn B.stuck C.broken D.lost
4A.delicate B.special C.hard D.sharp
5A.removed B.washed C.cleaned D.fastened
6A.labeled B.selected C.yellowed D.ruined
7A.Curiously B.Sincerely C.Skillfully D.Bravely
8A.collected B.planted C.abandoned D.stored
9A.old B.wet C.weak D.small
10A.anger B.surprise C.regret D.relief
11A.delay B.reflect C.hesitate D.disappoint
12A.upset B.awake C.social D.busy
13A.expected B.attempted C.failed D.happened
14A.shown up B.fallen off C.taken off D.dried up
pete B.grow C.survive D.relax
【解析】 作者退休后在打扫车库时发现一包存放了80年的种子,把它们种下后,它们居然发芽了。人也应该像这些种子一样,即使退休不工作了,也要带着目标生活。
1.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"When I retired"和下文中的"as director of a radio station"可知,作者在广播电台作为台长工作了30年,故选D项。dream"梦想";belief"信念";study"学习";service"效劳,工作,服务"。
2.B 复现信息 根据最后一段中的"for its purpose"和"Just like your grandpapa!"可知,刚退休时,作者担心在生活中没有目标。a sense of purpose意为"生活目标",故选B项。freedom"自由";purpose"目标,(达到生活目标的)决心,毅力";trust"信任";security"安全"。
3.B 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"I pushed at the garage's wooden doors"和"but"以及下文中的"I finally got the doors open"可知,作者到最后才打开门,所以一开始推门时推不开,由此可推测,此处是说,门卡住了,就像作者退休后的生活一样,故选B项。worn"用旧的,疲惫的";stuck"卡住的";broken"出毛病的,破裂的";lost"丢失的"。
4.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"It was a common old metal can"可知,作者的手触碰到的是一个金属罐,它是坚硬的,故选C项。delicate"脆弱的";special"特别的";hard"坚硬的";sharp"尖锐的"。
5.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"the cover and found"和语境可知,作者打开盖子后才发现里面的东西,故选A项。remove"移开,拿开";wash"洗";clean"(使)清洁";fasten"系牢"。
【技巧点拨】
体现逻辑关系的词语常常是完形填空的解题线索:表示转折的有however, but, although, though, while, nevertheless;表示因果的有as, because, for, now that, since, so, hence, therefore, thus。
6.C 背景常识 根据下文中的"with a postmark of May 13, 1940 inside"和常识可知,由于年代久远,信封泛黄,故选C项。label"贴标签于";select"挑选";yellow"(使)变黄";ruin"毁灭"。
7.A 语境语义 根据上文中的"with a postmark of May 13, 1940 inside"和语境可知,作者对这个邮戳日期很早的信封很感兴趣,所以好奇地将它打开,故选A项。curiously"好奇地";sincerely"真诚地";skillfully"熟练地";bravely"勇敢地"。
8.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"the seeds in a plastic pot"和"I checked it every day"以及语境可知,作者把种子种在塑料盆里,故选B项。collect"收集";plant"种植";abandon"抛弃";store"储存"。
9.A 复现信息 根据下文中的"something this old"可知,作者认为种子没发芽是因为它们存放得太久了,故选A项。old"陈旧的,年代久远的";wet"湿的";weak"虚弱的";small"小的"。
10.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"I checked it every day, but nothing happened"可知,作者的种子没有发芽,因此他很遗憾地告诉Peg,故选C项。anger"愤怒";surprise"惊讶";regret"遗憾,懊悔";relief"欣慰"。
11.C 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"I picked up the pot to get rid of it"和"but"以及下文中的"I changed my mind and set it aside"可知,作者想把它扔掉,但又改变了主意,把它放一边,由此可推测出作者又犹豫了,故选C项。delay"推迟";reflect"反映";hesitate"犹豫";disappoint"使失望"。
12.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"buying some books to improve my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew about gardening and dogs"可知,作者一直忙碌着,忘了种子的事情,故选D项。upset"心烦的";awake"醒着的";social"社交的";busy"忙碌的"。
13.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"Meanwhile, I was keeping 12 , buying some books... gardening and dogs"和下文中的"A new bit of green"可知,这段时间作者一直忙着别的事情,忘记了种子的事情,六周后作者在院子里意外发现了种子发芽,故选D项。expect"期待";attempt"努力,尝试";fail"失败";happen"发生,碰巧"。
14.A 固定搭配 根据上文中的"A new bit of green"和下文中的"Look, girls! Even something this old can still 15 for its purpose and be pretty cool"可知,叶子出现了,故选A项。show up"出现";fall off"跌落";
take off"起飞,突然成功";dry up"干涸"。
15.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"A new bit of green"和下文中的"for its purpose"可知,这些种子为了自己的目标而生长,故选B项。compete"竞争";grow"生长";survive"生存";relax"放松"。
Cloze 3
话题:Ferebee的创业故事 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约190 难度:★★☆☆☆
While most teenagers spend the summer hanging out, Ke'Nyzjah Ferebee doesn't join them. Filling cake orders and updating her website 1 the 17-year-old high school student. Ferebee __2__ KaykeBakery, a home-based business.
Ferebee started baking out of 3 in the year 2020. Her first attempt 4 . But she made more cakes the next day and 5 her techniques through teaching videos every day. "I saw other people's decorated cakes and was 6 to be a cake artist instead of just a baker," Ferebee said. After 7 , she asked her parents about setting up a business. "Seeing how 8 she was," Ferebee's mother recalled, "we 9 , starting helping her handle all the legalities for its opening." Soon, she had 10 customers that always come to her for custom cakes. " 11 , dealing with school and a business is tough sometimes, but I have 12 to get through it," she said. "I'm glad to be able to do what I love."
Always considered a 13 , Ferebee finished her senior year with almost full marks. She plans to __14__ cake decorating after high school. "I'm thinking about starting nonprofit organizations." In these years, besides learning various techniques, Ferebee has become more 15 . "I have realized I'm with great potential and power."
1A.change B.occupy C.bother D.attract
2A.assists B.joins C.finds D.runs
3A.curiosity B.necessity C.passion D.duty
4A.failed B.began C.arrived D.mattered
5A.applied B.perfected C.shared D.presented
6A.reminded B.advised C.instructed D.inspired
parison B.discussion C.consideration D.preparation
8A.gifted B.young C.prepared D.serious
9A.wondered B.approved C.worried D.hesitated
10A.regular B.potential C.favoured D.popular
11A.Unexpectedly B.Unnoticeably C.Unfortunately D.Unavoidably
12A.intended B.promised C.managed D.continued
13A.model B.graduate C.specialist D.supporter
14A.keep to B.go beyond C.jump at D.work on
15A.devoted B.modest C.confident D.responsible
【解析】 本文主要讲述了Ferebee在兼顾学业的同时成功创业的故事。
1.B 语境语义 结合下文提到的Ferebee的蛋糕生意可知,Ferebee忙于处理订单和更新网站。occupy"使忙于(做某事),忙着(做某事)";bother"使(某人)烦恼(或担忧、不安),给(某人)造成麻烦(或痛苦)"。
2.D 逻辑推理 根据第二段中的"she asked her parents about setting up a business""helping her handle all the legalities for its opening"可知,Ferebee经营着KaykeBakery。run"管理,经营"。
3.C 语境语义 根据第二段中的"I'm glad to be able to do what I love"可知,Ferebee开始烘焙是出于热爱。curiosity"好奇心";necessity"需要";passion"热情,酷爱,热衷的爱好(或活动等)";duty"责任"。
4.A 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"But she made more cakes the next day"可知,前后存在转折关系,故此处表示她的第一次尝试失败了(failed)。
5.B 语境语义 根据空后的"her techniques through teaching videos every day"可知,她通过观看教学视频完善她的技术。perfect"使完善,使完美,使完备"符合语境。
6.D 语境语义 根据空前的"saw other people's decorated cakes"和空后的"to be a cake artist instead of just a baker"可知,看到别人装饰好的蛋糕,Ferebee受到激励,想要成为蛋糕艺术家。inspire"激励,激发,鼓舞"。
7.C 语境语义 结合语境可知,此处指在认真思考后,Ferebee向父母询问了创业的事。consideration"仔细考虑,深思,斟酌"。
【名师点津】
完形填空中有些题目的解题线索离题目较远,遇到这类题目时可在理解空处前后内容并对题目做好标记后跳过,继续完成后面的题目,等阅读到相关内容时再进行选择。
8.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"Her first attempt 4 . But she made more cakes the next day and 5 her techniques through teaching videos every day"可知,Ferebee的父母看到她对这件事的态度非常认真。serious"当真的,认真的"。
9.B 语境语义 根据空后的"helping her handle all the legalities for its opening"可知,Ferebee的父母同意她创业。wonder"感到诧异";approve"赞成,同意";hesitate"犹豫,迟疑不决"。
10.A 语境语义 根据空后的"that always come to her for custom cakes"可知,Ferebee的店铺有了常客。regular"经常做某事的,常去某地的"。
11.D 背景常识 结合语境和常识可知,对Ferebee这个中学生来说,同时处理学业和生意有时很难,这是难以避免的。unnoticeably"不引人注意地,不易被人看到地";unavoidably"不可避免地,无法回避地,必然地"。
12.C 语境语义 根据上文描述的Ferebee面临的情况和下文中的"Ferebee finished her senior year with almost full marks"可知,Ferebee做到了生意和学习两不误。manage"完成(困难的事),勉力完成"。
13.A 语境语义 根据空后的"Ferebee finished her senior year with almost full marks"可知,Ferebee一直被视为模范学生。model"模范,典型"。
【易错点拨】
语境不符——虽然空后提到"dealing with school and a business is tough sometimes",但Unfortunately与此处感彩不符。Ferebee在做自己热爱的事,即便有困难,她对此的态度也会是积极的,故可排除C项。
14.B 固定搭配 根据下文中的"I'm thinking about starting nonprofit organizations"可知,Ferebee打算在高中毕业后不仅仅要做蛋糕生意,还要创办非营利性组织。keep to"坚守,不偏离";go beyond"超过,超出";
jump at"迫不及待地接受,欣然接受(机会、建议等)";work on"从事,努力改善"。
15.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"I have realized I'm with great potential and power"可知,她变得更加自信了。confident"自信的"。
Cloze 4
话题:自行车校车 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约210 难度:★★★☆☆
School buses are familiar to most people. However, Sam Balto, an elementary school teacher, creates a brand-new 1 of school buses in Portland, Oregon. 2 loading kids into the yellow vehicles, he involves them in a school "bike bus". The bike bus 3 differently from the way school buses do. There're two meetup locations for kids. After the two groups 4 , the children cycle to school together.
Though popular in some areas, bike buses are still 5 in the U.S. Balto's idea for that began as an initiative for Earth Day, which surprisingly became a 6 , with most students in Balto's school participating. Then he decided to 7 it. Now every Wednesday morning 8 the bike bus in action. "Kids 9 the ride. Parents notice on bike bus mornings, kids get up and out of home 10 . They're eager to be with friends," said Balto. Actually, its 11 go beyond promoting socializing. The physical activity helps 12 kids' strength and it's also climate action.
Right now, Balto feels it's 13 to offer the bike bus once a week and he's relying on volunteers and seeking official 14 . "It can be a daily way to transport kids if cities or schools pay adults to lead it," Balto explained. If possible, he encourages other Portland schools to 15 them. "More kids across the city should have such pleasant experiences."
1A.signal B.approach C.version D.function
2A.Other than B.Rather than C.Regardless of D.Apart from
3A.operates B.moves C.appears D.matches
4A.agree B.gather C.return D.begin
plex B.necessary C.practical D.rare
6A.hit B.reminder C.task D.routine
7A.upgrade B.manage C.continue D.examine
8A.indicates B.witnesses C.reflects D.changes
9A.understand B.take C.share D.enjoy
10A.consciously B.freely C.actively D.naturally
11A.aims B.benefits C.features D.challenges
12A.build up B.draw on C.get back D.let out
13A.uncertain B.unsafe C.inexpensive D.inadequate
14A.guidance B.announcement C.investment D.permission
15A.recommend B.fund C.assist D.follow
【解析】 校车在生活中很常见,然而波特兰的一位小学老师创造了一个全新版本的校车——自行车校车,这带给了孩子们很多乐趣,促进了其身心健康成长。
1.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"School buses are familiar to most people"和下文中的"he involves them in a school ‘bike bus’"可知,Sam Balto创造了一种全新版本的校车——自行车校车。signal"标志,预示,信号";
approach"方式,方法";version"变体,变种,版本"。
2.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"loading kids into the yellow vehicles, he involves them in a school ‘bike bus’""the children cycle to school together"可知,他让孩子们一块儿骑行去学校,而不是把孩子们"装进"黄色的校车。rather than"而不是"。
【知识拓展】
高频介词(短语)联想快记
重点词语 高频释义 联想助记
apart from 除了……外(还),除了……外(都) 相当于in addition to, as well as, except for
in reality 事实上 相当于in fact, in effect, actually, as a matter of fact
in person 亲自地 相当于personally
in no case 决不 相当于on no account, under no circumstances
in view of 鉴于,考虑到 相当于considering, given
3.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"differently from the way school buses do. There're two meetup locations for kids. After the two groups 4 , the children cycle to school together"可知,自行车校车和普通校车的运行方式是不同的。operate"运转,工作"。
4.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"There're two meetup locations for kids"和下文中的"the children cycle to school together"可知,在两队学生聚集后,他们一起骑自行车到学校。gather"聚集,集合"。
【知识拓展】
重点词语 高频释义 联想助记
on account of 因为 相当于as a consequence of, owing to, due to
on the contrary 恰恰相反 相当于quite the opposite
on one's own 独自地 相当于alone, by oneself
【对比】of one's own属于某人自己的
regardless of 不管,不顾 【词块】regardless of tiredness不顾疲劳
regarding 关于 相当于about,concerning, as for
5.D 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"Though popular in some areas"可知,此处与上文构成转折,与popular相对,表示自行车校车在美国依然非常少见。complex"复杂的,难懂的,费解的";rare"稀少的,稀罕的"。
6.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"with most students in Balto's school participating"可知,Balto为了地球日而发起的自行车校车倡议很受欢迎。hit在此处表示"很受欢迎的人(或事物)"。
7.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"began as an initiative for Earth Day"和下文中的"Now every Wednesday morning… action"可知,自行车校车倡议原本是为了地球日而发起的,然后Balto决定把它继续(continue)下去。
8.B 语境语义 根据语境可知,此处表示每周三早上见证了自行车校车的运行。witness"是发生……的地点(或时间、组织等),见证"。
9.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"Parents notice on bike bus mornings, kids get up… They're eager to be with friends"可知,孩子们喜欢(enjoy)骑行到学校。
10.C 语境语义 根据语境可知,家长们注意到在有自行车校车的早晨,孩子们积极地(actively)起床并出门上学。
11.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"The physical activity helps 12 kids' strength and it's also climate action"可知,自行车校车的好处不只是促进孩子们的社交。benefit"优势,益处,成效";feature"特色,特征,特点"。
【易错点拨】
语境不符——虽然自行车校车活动能够实现促进社交、锻炼身体和保护环境的目的,但是根据上下文可知,文中并未提到Balto创造自行车校车的目的,此处只是在客观陈述自行车校车带来的好处,故可排除A项。
12.A 固定搭配 根据上文中的"physical activity"可知,这一体力活动有助于增强孩子们的力量。build up"增高,加强";draw on"利用,动用";get back"找回,重新获得";let out"放出,释放"。
13.D 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"It can be a daily way to transport kids"可知,Balto现在认为每周开展一次自行车校车活动是不够的。uncertain"不确定的";unsafe"不安全的";inexpensive"不昂贵的";inadequate"不足的,不充分的,不够的"。
14.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"if cities or schools pay adults to lead it"可知,Balto在寻求官方投资(investment)。
15.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"More kids across the city should have such pleasant experiences"可知,Balto鼓励其他波特兰的学校效仿他们,开展自行车校车活动,让更多的孩子体验这样的乐趣。follow"追随,拥护,仿效"。
【二次精读】
熟词生义:1.hit常用义:v.& n.打,击 文章义:n.很受欢迎的人(或事物)
a hit musical风靡一时的音乐剧
2.follow常用义:v.跟随,跟着 文章义:v.接受……为指导(或领导、榜样),追随,仿效
He followed his father into medicine.他追随父亲做了一名医生。(共19张PPT)
考点2 逻辑推理
过考点 考点突破分类强化
Cloze 1
话题:迷路的Compean被找到 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约210 难度:★★☆☆☆
考查逻辑思维能力[2023辽宁抚顺模考]Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest. But after __1__ along a new path last April, the 45-year-old mechanic was lost.
As the day 2 into dusk, following several hours of aimless wandering, his concern turned to 3 . The place was remote and pean was 4 for anything more than the two-hour hike he'd pean climbed to a spot, where he found at least one bar of 5 . "SOS. My phone is going to die. I'm lost," he texted a friend, 6 a photo showing where he was.
All Compean could do then was to wait. The temperature was dropping fast and the wind was blowing __7__. Not wearing too much, the hiker was shaking with cold, 8 himself into a tight ball.
The rescue teams had spent the 9 night unsuccessfully looking for Compean, so they 10 the photo to the public, hoping someone might know the location.
Ben, who has an unusual hobby of 11 where photos are taken, happened to see the photo. Based on the information that Compean's car was parked near Buckhorn Campground, he 12 his search to the surrounding area.
Fortunately, through his 13 efforts, Ben finally identified where Compean was. Ben called rescue teams at once, telling them the 14 location of the poor man. After spending a long time alone in the 15 , Compean was eventually saved.
1A.equipping B.exchanging C.witnessing D.exploring
2A.stopped B.grown C.faded D.brought
3A.fear B.excitement C.curiosity D.delight
4A.undefeated B.unprepared C.unstoppable D.unlocked
5A.approval B.signal C.official D.mirror
6A.attracting B.blaming C.attaching D.facing
7A.hardly B.slowly C.slightly D.violently
8A.hugging B.walking C.patting D.hitting
9A.previous B.funny C.sweet D.fantastic
10A.demanded B.returned C.released D.collected
11A.putting on B.looking for C.keeping off D.staring at
12A.surveyed B.delayed C.regretted D.narrowed
13A.casual B.constant C.careless D.traditional
14A.familiar B.easy C.exact D.artificial
15A.wild B.desert C.home D.car
【解析】 Compean在洛杉矶国家森林公园迷路了,无奈之下他给好朋友发送了一张显示自己在哪儿的照片,但搜救人员在前一夜的搜寻中却未能成功找到他,于是将该照片公之于众。多亏了喜欢研究照片拍摄处的Ben,他根据Compean的车停在Buckhorn露营地附近这一信息,把搜索范围缩小到周边地区,最终确定了Compean的位置。
1.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest"及空后的"along a new path"可知,此处指Compean在洛杉矶国家森林公园沿着一条新路探索后迷路了,故选D。equip"配备";
exchange"交换";witness"目击,见证";explore"探索"。
2.C 语境语义 根据语境及空后的"into dusk"可知,此处指天色逐渐变暗,故选C。fade"逐渐暗淡"。
3.A 逻辑推理 根据下一句"The place was remote and deserted"可知,天色变暗,在偏远又荒凉的国家森林公园里迷路的Compean应是感到害怕,故选A。fear"恐惧,害怕";excitement"兴奋,激动";curiosity"好奇心";delight"高兴"。
4.B 语境语义 根据语境及上文中的"following several hours of aimless wandering"可知,除了计划好的两小时徒步旅行外,Compean对任何事情都毫无准备,故选B。undefeated"不败的";unprepared"无准备的";
unstoppable"无法遏止的";unlocked"未锁的"。
5.B 逻辑推理 根据下一句中的"he texted a friend"可知,他爬到一个地方是找信号发短信求救,故选B。approval"赞成";signal"信号";official"官员";mirror"镜子"。
【名师点津】
完形填空主要考查语言在特定语境中的应用,所以句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往存在一定的逻辑关系。
6.C 语境语义 根据空后的"a photo showing where he was"及下文提到Ben根据图片找到了他的位置可知,他给朋友发短信时附上了一张显示位置的照片,故选C。attract"吸引";blame"责怪";attach"附上";face"面对"。
7.D 语境语义 根据本句中的"The temperature was dropping fast"可知,此处是突出天气恶劣,故指风刮得很猛烈,故选D。hardly"几乎不";slowly"缓慢地";slightly"轻微地,稍微";violently"猛烈地"。
8.A 逻辑推理 根据本句中的"the hiker was shaking with cold"可知,Compean很冷,把自己抱成一团,故选A。hug"拥抱,抱紧";walk"走路";pat"轻拍";hit"击,撞击"。
9.A 语境语义 根据空后的"unsuccessfully looking for Compean... hoping someone might know the location"可知,此处指救援队在前一晚搜救无果,故选A。previous"以前的,先前的";funny"有趣的";sweet"甜的";fantastic"极好的"。
10.C 逻辑推理 根据空后的"hoping someone might know the location"可知,救援队向公众发布了这张照片,希望有人能认出照片上的地点,故选C。demand"要求";return"返回";release"公开,发布";collect"收集"。
11.B 固定搭配 根据空后的"where photos are taken"及下文他找到照片中的地点可知,Ben的爱好是寻找照片拍摄的地点,故选B。put on"穿上";look for"寻找";keep off"回避";stare at"凝视"。
12.D 语境语义 根据空后的"to the surrounding area"及语境可知,Ben要寻找Compean的位置,他需要把搜索范围缩小至周边地区,故选D。survey"调查";delay"推迟,延期";regret"后悔";narrow"(使)缩小"。
13.B 语境语义 上文提到他缩小搜索范围,结合空后的"Ben finally identified where Compean was"可知,经过不断努力,Ben最终确定了Compean的位置,故选B。casual"随便的";constant"不断的";careless"粗心的";
traditional"传统的"。
14.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"identified where Compean was"可知,Ben把确切位置告知了救援队,故选C。familiar"熟悉的";easy"容易的";exact"确切的";artificial"人造的"。
15.A 逻辑推理 根据上文可知,Compean是在国家森林公园迷路了,所以此处指在野外独自待了很长时间,故选A。wild"野外,自然环境";desert"沙漠"。
Cloze 2
话题:一家人的露营旅行 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约220 难度:★★★☆☆
贴近生活[2023河北石家庄质检]Last year in October, my family and I took our first camping trip. My whole family 1 , which was the most important part of the trip for me. My siblings(姐,妹) are adults with different 2 , which makes it difficult for us to 3 an activity like this.
We had just set up the tent when it suddenly started raining. 4 , we had positioned the tent on a high flat surface where 5 could not come into our tent. Even with the rain, I had never been happier.
While we were all 6 the sound of the rain, my mom cooked a warm meal for the family. Over the dinner, my father told us 7 stories about his childhood, which made us burst into laughter. At night, it was a bit cold. My sisters and I grabbed a 8 and chatted about our daily life. Soon, a hot meal and a good 9 warmed us up.
I realized how 10 it was camping under the sound of the rain. I came to understand why my parents were so 11 about camping.
The next day, we 12 our belongings and headed home. I'm very 13 for this camping trip. Not only did I experience the beauty of the forest, but I also learned that even if the 14 is not the best for camping, we can adapt to Mother Nature as a family to make unforgettable 15 .
1A.cheered up B.ran away C.got together D.settled down
2A.lives B.principles C.abilities D.problems
3A.report B.sponsor C.plan D.cancel
4A.Strangely B.Obviously C.Similarly D.Luckily
5A.wind B.water C.animals D.hikers
6A.expecting B.describing C.enjoying D.imagining
7A.touching B.awful C.shocking D.funny
8A.blanket B.phone C.basket D.tent
9A.negotiation B.game C.conversation D.sleep
10A.tough B.unique C.expensive D.popular
11A.particular B.disappointed C.concerned D.enthusiastic
12A.packed up B.picked out C.left behind D.set aside
13A.eager B.grateful C.sorry D.suitable
14A.budget B.season C.equipment D.weather
15A.summaries B.memories C.lessons D.contributions
【解析】 作者的姐姐们各自成年有了不同的生活后,一家人第一次去露营旅行,作者感到非常开心。尽管下雨了,但他们搭的帐篷在一块平坦的高地上,雨水不会进去。妈妈为全家煮了热饭,爸爸谈论着儿时趣事,作者和姐姐们聊着日常生活,一家人其乐融融。这次露营旅行让作者欣赏了自然美景,同时也使其意识到即使天公不作美,一家人在一起仍可以创造美好的记忆。
1.C 固定搭配 根据上文中的"my family and I took our first camping trip"和下文内容可知,全家人聚在一起。cheer up"(使)高兴起来";run away"逃离";get together"相聚,聚集";settle down"定居,安定下来"。
2.A 背景常识 根据上文中的"My siblings(姐,妹) are adults"并结合常识可知,一旦成年,大家就会过着不同的生活(lives)。principle"原理,原则"。
3.C 语境语义 根据语境可知,鉴于大家有不同的生活,计划(plan)这样一次露营旅行是很困难的。sponsor"赞助(活动、节目等),主办";cancel"取消,终止"。
4.D 语境语义 此处考查副词修饰整个句子的情况。根据下文中的"we had positioned the tent on a high flat surface"并结合下雨的情况可知,下雨天把帐篷搭在了平坦的高地上是一件幸运的事情。strangely"异常地,奇怪地,不可思议地";obviously"显然,明显地";similarly"相似地,同样"。
5.B 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"it suddenly started raining. 4 , we had positioned the tent on a high flat surface"可知,水(water)不会进入帐篷。hiker"徒步旅行者"。
6.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"Even with the rain, I had never been happier"可知,大家心情极好,在享受(enjoying)帐篷外的雨声。describe"描述,形容";imagine"设想"。
7.D 逻辑推理 析语境:根据下文中的"which made us burst into laughter"可知,爸爸的故事让孩子们都笑了起来→做推断:这些故事很好笑(funny)→定答案:故选D项。touching"感人的,动人的";awful"很坏的,极
讨厌的";shocking"令人震惊的"。
8.A 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"At night, it was a bit cold"可知,作者和姐姐们盖着毯子保暖。blanket"毯子,毛毯";tent"帐篷"。
9.C 语境语义 分析语境可知,此处指上文中提到的"chatted about our daily life",表示的是谈话(conversation)。negotiation"谈判,协商"。
10.B 语境语义 根据文章内容可知,伴着雨声露营是一次独特的经历。tough"坚韧不拔的,强硬的,严厉的";unique"独特的"。
11.D 逻辑推理 根据上文中妈妈为全家人煮饭和爸爸谈论儿时趣事可以看出,爸爸妈妈对露营很有热情。particular"特别的,挑剔的";disappointed"失望的,沮丧的";concerned"担心的";enthusiastic"热情的,热心的"。
12.A 背景常识 根据下文中的"headed home"和常识可知,露营完回家之前需要收拾自己的东西。pack up"收拾,把……打包";pick out"挑选";leave behind"留下";set aside"省出"。
13.B 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"Not only did I experience the beauty of the forest, but I also learned"可知,作者对这次露营旅行心存感激(grateful)。eager"渴望的,热切的";suitable"合适的"。
14.D 语境语义 根据上文内容可知,"not the best for camping"指的是上文中提到的下雨,即天气(weather)。budget"预算";equipment"设备,装备"。
15.B 语境语义 根据全文内容可知,这次露营旅行让一家人都非常开心,给作者留下了难忘的回忆(memories)。summary"总结,概要";contribution"贡献,捐款"。
Cloze 3
话题:误食毒蘑菇 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约180 难度:★★★☆☆
A mother and a son from Massachusetts survived thanks to a race-against-time rescue by a team of doctors at UMass Memorial Medical Center.
Kam Look and her son Kai Chen took 1 mushrooms accidentally. Within hours, both mother and son were ill. They 2 believed the food which was no longer fresh 3 their stomachs. Therefore, they didn't seek 4 help. Not until they were sent to UMass Memorial Medical Center were they found to __5__ life-threatening organ damage.
Dr. Stephanie Carreiro and her colleagues 6 with other experts nationwide. They all agreed to fly a special experimental drug after discussion. Chen's condition slowly 7 after treatment, but his mother's organ damage was so 8 that she needed a liver transplant(肝移植). "We tried many 9 , hoping to find easier ways to 10 the poisonous substance from their bodies. But 11 for the mother," Dr. Carreiro said, "she still 12 a transplant to save her life."
Both 13 have recovered and are home now, being 14 of the danger of eating wild plants. Their experience should be a 15 that we should be careful of what we find in the woods, especially mushrooms.
1A.tasty B.fresh C.expensive D.deadly
2A.basically B.initially C.obviously D.unwillingly
3A.settled B.emptied C.filled D.upset
4A.medical B.financial C.legal D.technical
5A.fight against B.deal with C.suffer from D.react to
6A.quarreled B.consulted C.bargained D.combined
7A.spread B.improved C.worsened D.changed
8A.severe B.minor C.noticeable D.unbearable
9A.methods B.forms C.theories D.operations
10A.prevent B.save C.separate D.remove
11A.frequently B.eventually C.continuously D.luckily
12A.acknowledged B.selected C.required D.deserved
13A.patients B.participants C.experts D.subjects
14A.nervous B.sure C.aware D.free
15A.review B.tale C.promise D.warning
【解析】 一对母子误食致命的毒蘑菇,医生与时间赛跑,寻找治疗方法,最终两人幸存下来。
1.D 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"they found to... life-threatening organ damage"可推断,这对母子应是误食了致命的毒蘑菇。
2.B 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"Not until... life-threatening organ damage"可推断,刚开始(initially)这对母子以为是不新鲜的食物使肠胃不适。basically"本质上,基本上";obviously"明显地";unwillingly"不情愿地"。
3.D 语境语义 参见上题解析。settle"使处于舒适的位置";upset"使(肠胃)不适,打翻"。
4.A 逻辑推理 前面提到刚开始这对母子以为是不新鲜的食物使肠胃不适,所以此处表示他们没有寻求医疗救助。medical"医疗的";financial"金融的";legal"法律的";technical"技术的"。
5.C 固定搭配 根据空后的"life-threatening organ damage"可知,这对母子的器官被发现有危及生命的损伤。fight against"与……作斗争";deal with"解决,处理";suffer from"患,遭受";react to"对……作出反应"。
6.B 语境语义 根据空后的"with other experts nationwide... after discussion"可知,Stephanie Carreiro 医生和她的同事咨询了(consulted)全国的其他专家。quarrel"争吵,争执";bargain"讨价还价,商讨条件";
combine"(使)结合"。
【技巧点拨】
代入语境法——做完形填空题时如果遇到了熟词生义,可以先将该词的常用义代入语境中,看文意是否通顺,比如本题中upset在文章中的生词义就和它的常用义相近,考生可根据它的常用义进行推测,选出正确答案。
7.B 语境语义 根据空后的"after treatment, but his mother's organ damage... she needed a liver transplant(肝移植)"可知,Chen在接受治疗之后健康状况已经慢慢改善了(improved)。spread"传播";
worsen"(使)变得更坏,变得更糟,恶化"。
8.A 语境语义 根据空后的"she needed a liver transplant(肝移植)"可知,妈妈的器官损伤很严重(severe)。minor"轻微的";noticeable"显著的";unbearable"难耐的"。
9.A 语境语义 根据空后的"hoping to find easier ways ... from their bodies"可知,医生尝试了很多方法(methods),希望能找到更简单的办法将有毒物质从他们的身体中清除掉(remove)。
10.D 语境语义 参见上题解析。
11.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"his mother's organ damage... she needed a liver transplant(肝移植)" "We tried... from their bodies"和下文中的"she still... to save her life"可知,妈妈的肝损伤很严重,虽然医生尝试了各种办法,但最终(eventually)她还是需要(required)做肝移植手术来挽救生命。frequently"频繁地";
continuously"持续地"。
12.C 语境语义 参见上题解析。
13.A 语境语义 根据语境可知,此处指的是Kam和她的儿子这两个病人(patients)已经康复了。participant"参与者";expert"专家";subject"接受试验者,实验对象"。
14.C 逻辑推理 根据这对母子因误食野生毒蘑菇而中毒的经历可知,此处应指他们意识到了食用野生植物的危险。be nervous of"担忧";be aware of"意识到";be free of"不受……伤害(或影响等)"。
15.D 逻辑推理 根据空前的"Their experience"及空后的"that we should be careful... especially mushrooms"可知,他们的经历对我们来说是前车之鉴,警告我们要小心在野外找到的东西。 review"审查,检讨";tale"(尤指充满惊险的)故事,历险记";promise"许诺";warning"警告"。
【二次精读】
核心单词:life-threatening adj.可能致命的,威胁着生命的 experimental adj.试验性的 poisonous adj.引起中毒的,有毒的
熟词生义:upset常用义:v.使烦恼,打翻 adj.难过,沮丧
文章义:v.使(肠胃)不适
Rich food always upsets my stomach. 油腻的食物总是使我肠胃不适。
Cloze 4
话题:A Doll Like Me项目 主题语境:人与社会 词数:约240 难度:★★★☆☆
[2023福建福州质检]Amy is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission. As a doll __1__ since childhood, she has created A Doll Like Me.
The aim of this 2 is to create dolls that would have the same characteristics as their owners with disabilities or 3 conditions. Amy creates such dolls to make the children feel needed and 4 . To do so, Amy goes out of her way to make each doll 5 the child. Each doll is unique, 6 they still have one thing in common—all dolls wear a smile. The dolls not only are beautiful, but also make a 7 in the life of hundreds of children.
"Typically, parents pay for the dolls—about $100 with shipping per doll. When they can't afford a doll, I'll find a way to 8 it myself. Whatever it costs, whatever I have to do, I'm going to get a doll in the 9 of these children."
A Doll Like Me has provided over 300 dolls so far which have been 10 to children all around the world. Amy's 11 goal is to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll 12 .
And as many people are responding 13 to her mission, she has already reached $38,000 out of the $50,000 goal on GoFundMe. Amy is already cooperating with a children's 14 to make it easier to identify kids whose well-being could be 15 by a stuffed toy which looks just like them!
1A.donor B.creator C.collector D.trader
2A.project B.idea C.research D.technology
3A.rare B.good C.ripe D.strict
4A.tired B.available C.powerful D.included
5A.work with B.look like C.accept D.recognize
6A.yet B.so C.because D.or
7A.wish B.deal C.plan D.difference
8A.win B.cover C.sell D.use
9A.friends B.eyes C.hands D.dreams
10A.awarded B.shipped C.returned D.mentioned
11A.open B.common C.final D.commercial
12A.in person B.for fun C.free of charge D.full of hope
13A.calmly B.honestly C.politely D.kindly
14A.school B.toyshop C.shelter D.hospital
15A.sponsored B.improved C.guaranteed D.supported
【解析】 Amy创建了一个名为A Doll Like Me的项目,通过为身患残疾或有罕见疾病的孩子定制和他们有相同特征的娃娃,让孩子们感到自己被需要、被包容,从而对他们的生活产生积极影响。她还希望将自己的事业做得更大,帮助和影响更多的孩子。
1.C 语境语义 根据语境可知,Amy从小就是一个玩偶收集者(collector),这为她日后创业做好了铺垫。donor"捐赠者";creator"创造者";trader"商人"。
2.A 语境语义 根据语境和上文中的"she has created A Doll Like Me"可知,Amy创建了一个项目(project)。
3.A 逻辑推理 根据语境可知,这里表达的内容应与or前面的"disabilities"相近,讲的应该是有残疾或罕见(rare)疾病的儿童。good"好的";ripe"成熟的";strict"严格的"。
4.D 逻辑推理 分析语境可知,空处与and前的"needed"并列,前后内容应相照应,Amy做这些玩偶是为了让有残疾或罕见疾病的儿童感到被需要和被包容(included)。available"可用的";powerful"强大的"。
5.B 逻辑推理 根据语境可知,此处呼应上文中的"have the same characteristics as their owners",故此处指的是每个玩偶看起来和主人长得像。look like"看起来像"。
6.A 逻辑推理 析语境:上文中出现了"unique",下文中出现了"common"→做推断:前后之间形成了转折→定答案:故选A项。yet"但是"。
7.D 固定搭配 此处考查固定表达make a difference in sth.,意为"对……有影响"。句意:这些玩偶不仅漂亮,还对成百上千的孩子的生活产生了影响。
8.B 语境语义 结合上文中的"When they can't afford a doll"和对Amy的描述可知,如果他们买不起,Amy会亲自帮他们支付(cover)费用。cover在此作动词,意为"足以支付,够付",属于熟词生义的用法。
9.C 语境语义 分析语境可知,上文讲到了有小孩买不起玩偶的情况,结合"Whatever it costs, whatever I
have to do"可知,Amy会想方设法把玩偶送到这些小孩的手里(hands)。
10.B 复现信息 此处呼应上文中的"about $100 with shipping per doll",表示把300多个玩偶运送(shipped)到世界各地的孩子手里。ship在此作动词,意为"船运,运输,运送",属于熟词生义的用法。
11.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"to turn her small business into an official non-profit organization where every child in need could get their one-of-a-kind doll"可知,这是Amy的最终(final)目标。commercial"商业的"。
12.C 背景常识 根据上文中的"an official non-profit organization"和常识可知,Amy希望把自己的小公司变成非营利性组织,因此,孩子们可以免费(free of charge)得到玩偶。
13.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"she has already reached $38,000 out of the $50,000 goal on GoFundMe"可知,许多人友善地(kindly)回应了她的目标。
14.D 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"their owners with disabilities or 3 conditions"可知,由于Amy主要的帮助对象是残疾儿童或患病儿童,所以她会和医院(hospital)展开合作。toyshop"玩具店";shelter"庇护所"。
15.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"make a 7 in the life of hundreds of children"可知,这些玩偶会改善(improved)他们的健康状况。sponsor"赞助";guarantee"保证"。 (共13张PPT)
考点3 复现信息
过考点 考点突破分类强化
Cloze 1
话题:冒险经历 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约240 难度:★★★☆☆
[2023浙江杭州质检]I was young and determined to take an adventurous trip. But 1 nearly 875 yards out of a cable car(缆车), with a rubber band attached to my ankles, was not part of my plan. It's __2__ how intentions can change.
Staring over the 3 of the cable car, my heart was in my throat. I 4 heard the others behind me counting down. How could I have let myself be 5 into this It was crazy!
My palms were 6 , and my heart was pounding.
"Five." They started the 7 for the second time, ignoring my useless protests.
"Four."
"Three."
"Two." At that instant I 8 my mind a million times and came to the final 9 that there was no way I could allow myself to leap out of the cable car, suspended so high off the ground.
10 my ankles please!
Then...
"One."
I let go and leaped out as far as I could. If there had been time to 11 it for another second, I would have stopped myself. But instead, I jumped.
It felt as if all my fears, insecurities, and doubts were being let go. An enormous sense of 12 rose up in me.As I fell toward the earth 13 first, I saw my new friends waiting for me on the ground and could hear them 14 my victory over fear.
Jumping out of the cable car put me on 15 of the world, and that's where I am determined to remain for the rest of my life.
1A.sliding B.jumping C.running D.climbing
2A.unacceptable B.important C.inspiring D.funny
3A.bottom B.edge C.middle D.ceiling
4A.correctly B.frequently C.barely D.actually
5A.talked B.looked C.checked D.turned
6A.warm B.dry C.sweaty D.icy
7A.encouragement B.order C.process D.countdown
8A.changed B.fixed C.focused D.made
9A.attempt B.decision C.destination D.stage
10A.Untie B.Hold C.Unfold D.Catch
11A.approve of B.complain of C.think about D.dream about
12A.uncertainty B.freedom C.trust D.panic
13A.head B.hands C.feet D.back
14A.screaming B.waving C.claiming D.applauding
15A.end B.top C.outside D.center
【解析】 本文主要讲述了作者从缆车上跳下去的一次冒险经历。
1.B 复现信息 本空呼应最后一段中的"Jumping out of the cable car"。但是,脚踝上绑着一根皮筋,从近875码高的缆车跳(jumping)下去并不是作者计划的一部分。slide"(使)滑行,滑动"。
2.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"was not part of my plan"可知,计划变化如此之快让作者觉得很可笑/奇怪(funny)。unacceptable"不能接受(或允许、同意)的";inspiring"鼓舞人心的,激励的,启发灵感的"。
3.B 语境语义 上文讲到了作者要从缆车上跳下去,结合下文中的"my heart was in my throat"可以推测,作者应该是从缆车边上(edge)往下看,让自己非常紧张。bottom"底部,最下部";ceiling"天花板,顶棚"。
4.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"my heart was in my throat"可知,作者很紧张,几乎听不到身后的人在倒计时。correctly"正确地";frequently"频繁地";barely"几乎不";actually"(在口语中用于强调事实)的确,真实地,事实上"。
5.A 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"was not part of my plan"可知,作者并没有跳缆车的计划,据此可以推断,作者可能是被别人劝说去做这件疯狂的事情的。talk into"劝服 (尤指做错事或蠢事)"。
6.C 语境语义 析语境:结合下文中的"my heart was pounding"可知,作者的心怦怦直跳→做推断:此处讲的是紧张的情况,因此,手心应该汗津津(sweaty)→定答案:故选C项。icy"冰冷的,冰冻的"。
7.D 语境语义 根据语境可知,此处呼应上文中的"heard the others behind me counting down",且根据空前的"Five"以及下文中的"Four"和"Three"也可以判断,身边的人在为作者倒计时(countdown)。order"订单,命令";process"进程,过程"。
【知识拓展】
-ly作为副词后缀,派生的副词通常和形容词意义一致,但也有个别派生副词的意义发生了变化,如本题中barely是由形容词bare派生而来的副词,但词义与"赤裸的,光秃秃的,无覆盖物的"并无关系,而是表示"几乎不",barely还可以表示"刚刚,勉强才能"。此类副词需要考生平时多加积累,下列是一些需要牢记的词汇:
①rare adj. 罕见的,稀有的→rarely adv. 很少,不常
②simple adj. 简单的→simply adv. 简单地,仅仅,只是
③considerable adj. 相当多(或大、重要等)的→considerably adv. 相当多(大)地,非常,很
④bad adj. 坏的,不善于,严重的→badly adv. 拙劣地,很,非常,严重地
⑤terrible adj. 可怕的,非常讨厌的→terribly adv. 非常糟地,非常,极度
⑥hopeless adj. 绝望的→hopelessly adv.(感到)绝望地,完全地
8.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"I would have stopped myself. But instead, I jumped"可知,作者在那一刻内心很纠结,想要改变(changed)主意,但最终还是作出了跳下去的决定(decision)。fix"修理,确定(时间、地点、价格等),解决(问题等)"。
9.B 语境语义 参见上题解析。attempt"试图,努力";destination"目的地";stage"舞台,阶段"。
10.A 语境语义 根据上文中的"with a rubber band attached to my ankles"和下文中的"I let go and leaped out as far as I could"可知,作者被系着的脚踝在那一刻被解开了(untie)。unfold"(使)展开,打开"。
11.C 语法知识 此处是虚拟句。根据主句"I would have stopped myself"和事实可知,此处假设要是有时间再考虑(think about)一秒钟的话,可能就不会跳下去了。approve of"赞成";complain of"抱怨";dream about"梦想"。
12.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"It felt as if all my fears, insecurities, and doubts were being let go"可知,作者感受到了一种巨大的自由(freedom)感。uncertainty"犹豫,迟疑,无把握";panic"惊恐,恐慌"。
13.A 背景常识 根据常识可知,从缆车上跳下去的话,应该是头(head)朝下的。
14.D 语境语义 根据语境可知,作者克服了恐惧和紧张成功从缆车上跳下去,因此,朋友们会为"my victory over fear"而鼓掌(applauding)。scream"(因伤痛、害怕、激动等)尖叫";claim"声称,断言,索取,认领"。
15.B 固定搭配 根据全文可知,作者克服了恐惧从缆车上跳下去,并得到了大家的鼓励,由此可知,作者在那一刻应感到非常开心。on top of the world"幸福到极点,欣喜若狂"。
【名师点津】
完形填空多采用记叙文,在记叙过程中,经常会出现大量的动作、行为、心理、神态、环境和氛围描写。其中心理和神态描写往往反映主人公的观点、态度和情感等。作者在选用特定的褒义词或贬义词时就表达了自己的感情倾向和意愿。
考生在做完形填空题时,要仔细体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义,揣摩作者的思想和情感。通过分析词汇的感彩,准确把握褒贬语境,很多题目就可以迎刃而解。
Cloze 2
话题:对艺术的热爱兼顾环保 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约250 难度:★★★☆☆
"五育"并举[2023吉林省吉林市三调]How to bring out your art potential Traditionally, people may bury themselves in learning 1 skills at a studio and begin from drawing lines. However, Wiebe from School of Art & Design at the University of Michigan, has her own 2 . She is trying to do something that shows her love for art and also benefits the 3 .
4 by a group of old ladies in Canada who plant sustainable art materials and 5 their videos on a social media platform, Wiebe learns about how to plant, harvest and separate fibers. She plants different fruits and vegetables traditionally used to dye(染) 6 . She then puts their peels into boiled water to make a dye. For her, it's a 7 process but enjoyable.
Wiebe plans to eventually buy some land in Detroit to grow these 8 art materials. "I'd set it up like a co-operative where artists can 9 a few hours a week and then freely use all the 10 that I grow," she said.
Wiebe also likes fiber-based art, such as quilting, sewing and weaving. She has 11 those techniques to her recent works, displayed as part of the annual Senior Exhibition at her school. The first is a quilt made of pieces of her father's pants and 12 with pieces of her family's clothing. The second is a towel she 13 from one of her used sweaters—with an accompanying video showing her 14 .
"I've been drawing since I was 2. It's never been a question for me that I would do something art-related, but rather what more specific art-related thing I'll 15 doing," said Wiebe.
1A.teaching B.gardening C.painting D.engineering
2A.method B.dream C.opportunity D.standard
3A.environment B.community C.neighborhood D.university
4A.Guaranteed B.Respected C.Employed D.Inspired
5A.expose B.abandon C.imagine D.post
6A.hairs B.fibers C.pictures D.fingernails
7A.rewarding B.disturbing C.demanding D.frustrating
8A.colorful B.sustainable C.economical D.valuable
9A.observe B.appreciate C.volunteer D.wander
10A.weeds B.grains C.crops D.plants
11A.applied B.confirmed C.removed D.supported
12A.mixed B.crowded C.filled D.occupied
13A.saved B.wove C.transported D.mended
14A.character B.appearance C.life D.technique
15A.lead to B.end up C.put off D.carry out
【解析】 文章讲述了Wiebe对可持续艺术的追求:自己动手栽种植物,获取艺术创作所需的纤维及染料,并计划在未来成立合作组织,为其他艺术家提供艺术创作所需的可持续材料。
1.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"begin from drawing lines"可知,传统上,人们可能会通过在画室埋头学习绘画技巧、从画线条开始来发挥艺术潜能,故选C。teaching"教学";gardening"园艺活";painting"绘画";
engineering"工程"。
2.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"She is trying to do something that shows her love for art"和语境可知,来自密歇根大学艺术与设计学院的Wiebe有她自己的方法,故选A。method"方法";dream"梦想";opportunity"机会";standard"标准"。
3.A 语境语义 根据下文中的" 4 by a group of old ladies in Canada who plant sustainable art materials"和语境可知,她试图做一些既能显示她对艺术的热爱又有利于环境的事情,故选A。environment"环境";community"社区";neighborhood"邻近的地方";university"大学"。
4.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"by a group of old ladies... harvest and separate fibers"并结合语境可知,Wiebe受到加拿大一群种植可持续艺术材料并将视频发布在一个社交媒体平台上的老妇人的启发,学习了如何种植、收获和分离纤维,故选D。guarantee"保证";respect"尊敬";employ"雇用";inspire"启发"。
5.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"their videos on a social media platform"和语境可知,此处表示在一个社交媒体平台上发布视频,故选D。expose"暴露";abandon"抛弃";imagine"想象";post"发布"。
6.B 复现信息 根据上文中的"fibers"可知,她种植了传统上用来给纤维染色的不同水果和蔬菜,故选B。hair"头发";fiber"纤维";picture"图片";fingernail"手指甲"。
7.C 逻辑推理 根据上文中的"She plants different fruits... make a dye"和表示转折的"but"后的"enjoyable"可知,此处与下文形成转折,表示这是一个要求很高但令人愉悦的过程,故选C。rewarding"有意义的";disturbing"令人不安的";demanding"要求高的";frustrating"令人沮丧的"。
8.B 复现信息 根据上文中的"plant sustainable art materials"可知,此处表示种植这些可持续的艺术材料,故选B。colorful"颜色鲜艳的";sustainable"可持续的";economical"实惠的";valuable"宝贵的"。
9.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"a few hours a week and then freely use all the 10 that I grow"和语境可知,艺术家们每周可以自愿工作几个小时,故选C。observe"观察";appreciate"理解";volunteer"自愿做,自愿效劳";wander"徘徊"。
10.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"She plants different fruits and vegetables"和语境可知,此处表示艺术家们每周可以自愿工作几个小时,然后自由使用她种的所有植物,故选D。weed"杂草";grain"谷粒";crop"庄稼";
plant"植物"。
11.A 固定搭配 根据下文中的"those techniques to her recent works"可知,她将那些技巧应用到她最近的作品中,故选A。apply"应用";confirm"确认";remove"去除";support"支持"。apply... to...意为"将……应用到……"。
【名师点津】
完形填空语篇一般为记叙文或者说明文。无论体裁是什么,文章总有一个核心话题,与该话题有关的内容会在文章中反复出现。很多情况下,我们可以利用信息复现快速确定正确答案。语篇中的信息复现包括原词复现、同义词或近义词复现、代词复现、概括词复现及同范畴词复现等。
12.C 背景常识 根据上文中的"The first is a quilt made of pieces of her father's pants"和下文中的"with pieces of her family's clothing"以及常识可知,被子里面塞满了她家人的衣服碎片,故选C。mix"(使)混合";
crowd"聚集";fill"填满";occupy"占据"。
13.B 复现信息 根据上文中的"Wiebe also likes fiber-based art, such as quilting, sewing and weaving""The second is a towel"和下文中的"from one of her used sweaters"可知,第二个是她用一件旧毛衣编织的毛巾,故选B。save"救";weave"编织";transport"运输";mend"修理"。
14.D 复现信息 根据上文中的"She has 11 those techniques... at her school"可知,第二个是她用一件旧毛衣编织的毛巾,还配有展示她的技巧的视频,故选D。character"角色";appearance"外观";life"生活";
technique"技巧"。
15.B 固定搭配 根据上文中的"It's never been a question...art-related thing"并结合语境可知,此处表示对Wiebe来说,做一些与艺术相关的事情从来都不是问题,问题是她最终会做更具体的、与艺术相关的什么事情,故选B。lead to"导致";end up"最终成为,最后处于";put off"推迟";carry out"执行"。(共12张PPT)
考点4 背景常识
过考点 考点突破分类强化
Cloze 1
话题:发现一本老年人的手抄语录集 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约280 难度:★★★☆☆
[2023山西太原一模]In our living room, we have a bookshelf. We call it the " 1 treasury" because any of our guests can take any book from it and 2 any book to it. Our home often hosts events with hundreds of different people passing through it. But no one 3 where the books come or go. It's all based on trust.
These books are typically of the 4 types—from Jack Canfield's Chicken Soup for the Soul, to self-help books like The Power of Now, to Romain Rolland's Vies des Hommes Illustres. I can't really 5 what I'll find on a particular day.
The other day, I 6 on a red book. It 7 because it had special little white hearts on it and no title. I checked out Page One. It had a handwritten inscription in black ink:
To: DJ Burrowes
From: Grandma and Grandpa Burrowes
I quickly turned to a 8 page in the book. I spotted a quote, with a crossed out word written in the seemingly 9 handwriting of elderly Grandma or Grandpa Burrowes. Then I couldn't wait to 10 the inside. 11 , every page had a handwritten quote by DJ's grandparents. It was a(n) 12 of grandparents' quotes going back over many years! They had given it to their grandson and now, DJ gave it to us. It was this gift that 13 all of us!
A couple of weeks back, DJ decided to leave America to go on an open-ended trip to China. Before
leaving, he came for an 14 at our place, putting this book on the shelf without letting us know. He expressed his silent 15 in this way for what he benefited from our sharing. We stood in awe of the Burrowes family for what they left us.
1A.shared B.secret C.virtual D.personal
2A.lend B.read C.rent D.contribute
3A.replies B.tracks C.guesses D.minds
4A.inspiring B.professional C.amusing D.creative
5A.ignore B.limit C.predict D.doubt
6A.kept B.chanced C.touched D.depended
7A.turned up B.faded away C.stood out D.took place
8A.correct B.blank C.random D.familiar
9A.shaky B.awful C.funny D.strange
10A.accept B.explore C.choose D.reflect
11A.Unexpectedly B.Hopefully C.Possibly D.Thankfully
12A.tradition B.direction C.impression D.collection
forted B.caught C.connected D.attracted
14A.adventure B.event C.honor D.order
15A.ambition B.sympathy C.promise D.gratitude
【解析】 作者家里经常举行"共享图书"活动。一天,作者无意中发现一本书,里面每一页都有老年人手写的语录,原来这本书是DJ为了默默地感谢作者的分享给他带来的好处而留下的。
1.A 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"because any of our guests can take any book from it and 2 any book to it"可知,此处指"共享图书宝库",故选A项。shared"分享的,共有的";secret"秘密的";virtual"虚拟的,模拟的";
personal"个人的"。
2.D 逻辑推理 根据语境和上文中的"any of our guests can take any book from it"及下文中的"But no one 3 where the books come or go"可知,此处与take对照,表示客人也可以将任何一本贡献出来,故选D项。lend"借出";read"阅读";rent"租用";contribute"贡献,捐献"。
3.B 语境语义 根据语境和下文中的"where the books come or go. It's all based on trust"可知,没有人追查这些书的来历和去向,故选B项。reply"回答";track"追踪";guess"猜测";mind"介意"。
4.A 背景常识 根据下文中的"from Jack Canfield's Chicken Soup for the Soul... to Romain Rolland's Vies des Hommes Illustres"并结合常识可知,这些书都是鼓舞人心的,故选A项。inspiring"鼓舞人心的";
professional"专业的,娴熟的";amusing"好笑的";creative"有创造力的"。
5.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"any of our guests can take any book from it and 2 any book to it""But no one 3 where the books come or go"可知,作者真的无法预测在某一天会发现什么书籍,故选C项。ignore"忽视";limit"限制";predict"预测";doubt"怀疑"。
【知识拓展】
18种高频前缀小结
1.pre-表示"先于,在……之前":predict 预料,precaution预防
2.fore-表示"先于,预先;在……的前部":forecast预报,foresee预料,forehead前额,foreleg前腿
3.ex-表示 "以前的,前任的;向外":ex-soldier 退役军人,expand扩大,extend延伸
4.post-表示"后,以后":post-war战后的,postgraduate研究生
5.re-表示"再,重新":reconsider 重新考虑,relocate重新安置,replace把……放回原处
6.sub-,under-表示"在……下面(或底下);在……以下,少于,低于":subway 地铁,underline 在……下画线,underestimate低估
7.over-表示"过于,太;完全地;上面,外面":overload使超载,overweight超重的,overjoyed非常高兴,overcoat长大衣
8.super-表示"超级;上方":superglue强力胶,super-efficient效率极高的,superstructure上层建筑
9.extra-表示"超出;非常,十分":extraordinary 非凡的,extracurricular 课外的,extra-thin特别瘦的
10.in-, im-表示"不,非":incomplete 不完全的;impossible 不可能的
11.inter-表示"在……之间,相互":interstate州际的,interpersonal人际的,international 国际的,interact 互相影响
12.co-表示"和……一起,共同":cooperate 合作,coexist共存,co-author合著者
13.tele-表示"远程的,通过电话的":telescope望远镜,teleshopping电话(或电视)购物,telesales电话销售
6.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"I can't really 5 what I'll find on a particular day"可知,作者是偶然发现这本书的。故选B项。keep on"继续";chance on"偶然发现";touch on"提及";depend on"取决于"。
7.C 固定搭配 根据下文中的"because it had special little white hearts on it and no title"可知,这本书很显眼,故选C项。turn up"出现";fade away"衰弱";stand out"突出,显眼";take place"发生"。
8.C 语境语义 根据语境可知,作者随便翻开一页,故选C项。correct"正确的";blank"空白的";random"随机的";familiar"熟悉的"。
9.A 背景常识 根据常识和下文中的"elderly Grandma or Grandpa Burrowes"并结合选项可知,这是老年人颤抖的笔迹,故选A项。shaky"颤抖的,摇晃的";awful"可怕的,很坏的";funny"有趣的";strange"奇怪的"。
10.B 语境语义 根据语境和下文中的"every page had a handwritten quote by DJ's grandparents"可知,作者迫不及待地想要探索里面的内容,故选B项。accept"接受";explore"探索";choose"选择";reflect"反映"。
11.A 语境语义 根据下文中的"every page had a handwritten quote by DJ's grandparents"和语境可知,作者没预料到书中每一页都有DJ的祖父母手写的语录,故选A项。unexpectedly"出乎意料地";hopefully"有希望地";possibly"可能";thankfully"幸亏,高兴地"。
14.auto-表示"自动的;自己的":automatic 自动的,autobiography自传
15.by-表示"次要的;附近":by-product副产品,bystander 旁观者
16.micro-表示"微小的,规模小的":microchip微芯片,microscope显微镜
17.trans-表示"横穿,通过;进入,成为":transcontinental横贯大陆的,transform改变,transplant移植
18.bio-表示"生物的;人生的":biodiversity生物多样性,bioengineering 生物工程, biography 传记
12.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"every page had a handwritten quote by DJ's grandparents"可知,这是一本多年前祖父母手抄的语录集,故选D项。tradition"传统";direction"方向";impression"印象";collection"作品集"。
13.C 逻辑推理 基于上文对"共享图书宝库"的介绍和上文中的"DJ gave it to us""It was this gift"可知,这本书放在这里供大家阅读,所以把所有人联系在了一起,故选C项。comfort"安慰";catch"抓住";connect"把……联系起来 ";attract"吸引"。
14.B 复现信息 根据上文中的"Our home often hosts events with hundreds of different people passing through it"以及语境可知,DJ是来参加一个活动的,故选B项。adventure"冒险,奇遇";event"活动";honor"荣誉";order"命令"。
15.D 语境语义 根据上文中的"putting this book on the shelf without letting us know"和下文中的"for what he benefited from our sharing"可知,他在默默地表示感谢,故选D项。ambition"抱负";sympathy"同情";
promise"承诺";gratitude"感激"。
Cloze 2
话题:小举动说明大道理 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约210 难度:★★★☆☆
[2023湖南长沙适应性考试]One day Christopher Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor. People were saying,"What a great 1 you have made!" However,several people present were envious of him. They began to try to make Columbus 2 .
"You have discovered new 3 beyond the seas," they said, "but what of that Anybody can 4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side. It is the 5 thing in the world. All you need to do is sail west. That's not a(n) 6 feat(功绩)."
Columbus made no 7 , but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company,"Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg 8 on end "
"That's impossible," the host replied. "You would need to be a 9 to do that." One by one, those at the table 10 the experiment. 11 , none of them succeeded.
After a short silence, Columbus took the egg and struck its small end 12 upon the table so as to __13__ the shell(壳) a little. After that, there was no 14 in making it stand upright. "Gentlemen," said he, "what is easier than to do that which you said was impossible It is the simplest thing in the world. Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN 15 HOW!"
1A.decision B.schedule C.discovery D.statement
2A.unhurt B.uncomfortable C.unfortunate D.unafraid
3A.substances B.oceans C.lands D.treasures
4A.sail B.run C.walk D.hike
5A.greatest B.worst C.hardest D.simplest
6A.small B.useless C.remarkable D.ordinary
7A.apology B.answer C.mistake D.secret
8A.roll B.sit C.fall D.stand
9A.magician B.sailor C.planner D.doctor
10A.evaluated B.finished C.tried D.designed
11A.Above all B.At last C.For instance D.In addition
12A.gently B.violently C.heavily D.critically
13A.find B.change C.hide D.break
14A.trouble B.fun C.reaction D.point
15A.HIT B.SHOWN C.EXPLODED D.SET
【解析】 一天,克里斯托弗·哥伦布参加了一个西班牙绅士为他举办的聚会,在场的几个人很嫉妒他,于是他们就说了一些哥伦布发现新大陆不是一个了不起的功绩之类的话。哥伦布没有回答,而是用一个鸡蛋告诉在场的人一个大道理:"没有什么比做你们说不可能的事情更容易。这是世界上最简单的事情。任何人都可以做到,只要有人教过他怎么做!"
1.C 背景常识 众所周知,哥伦布发现新大陆是一个伟大的发现,故选C。make a discovery为固定短语,意为"有发现"。decision"决定";schedule"日程表";discovery"发现";statement"声明"。
2.B 逻辑推理 be envious of为固定短语,意为"嫉妒"。根据上文内容可知,有些在场的人嫉妒哥伦布,由此可知,此处应指他们想方设法使哥伦布感到不自在,故选B。unhurt"未受伤";uncomfortable"不自在的";
unfortunate"不幸的";unafraid"不害怕的"。
3.C 背景常识 哥伦布发现新大陆是不争的事实,故选C。substance"物质";treasure"珍宝"。
4.A 背景常识 根据常识可知,要想从大洋中穿过,必须航行过去,故选A。sail"航行,乘船航行";hike"徒步旅行"。
5.D 逻辑推理 析语境:根据前一句可知,他们认为任何人都可以横渡大洋,任何人都可以沿着大洋另一边的岛屿航行→做推断:此句应指他们认为这是最简单的事情→定答案:simplest"最简单的",故选D。
【名师点津】
高考完形填空的语篇中交织渗透着各种背景知识和常识。考生在做题时,除了通过上下文语境来判断之外,还可以充分利用个人的经验和常识,从而快速、准确地判断出答案。
6.C 逻辑推理 根据上文内容可知,他们认为发现新大陆不足为奇,这是世界上最简单的事情,因此这不是什么非凡的壮举,故选C。useless"无用的";remarkable"非凡的";ordinary"普通的"。
7.B 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company"可知,but前后表示转折,此处应指哥伦布未作回答,但过了一会儿,他从盘子里拿了一个鸡蛋,问了大家一个问题。故选B。make no answer意为"不作回答",为固定短语。apology"道歉";mistake"错误";secret"秘密"。
8.D 复现信息 根据空后的"on end"和下文中的"it stand upright"可知,此处指哥伦布的问题是谁能将鸡蛋立起来,故选D。roll"滚动";stand"站立,直立"。
9.A 逻辑推理 析语境:根据语境可知,聚会的主人认为将鸡蛋立起来是不可能的事→做推断:他认为要想做这件事,需要找一个魔术师→定答案:magician"魔术师"符合题意。sailor"水手";planner"规划者"。故选A。
10.C 语境语义 根据语境可知,此处指坐在桌子旁边的人一个接一个地尝试这个实验,故选C。evaluate"评估";finish"完成";design"设计"。
11.B 固定搭配 根据语境可知,此处指最终没有一个人成功。above all"最重要的是";at last"最终";for instance"例如";in addition"另外"。
12.A 背景常识 根据常识可知,鸡蛋要轻轻敲打,否则会打碎的,故选A。gently"轻柔地";violently"猛烈地";heavily"沉重地";critically"批判性地"。
13.D 语境语义 哥伦布轻轻敲打鸡蛋的目的是将鸡蛋壳打破一点,故选D。hide"躲藏";break"打破"。
14.A 背景常识 根据上文内容并结合常识可知,将鸡蛋壳打破一点之后,鸡蛋就可以毫不费力地立起来了,故选A。 There is no trouble in doing sth.为固定句型,意为"做某事毫不费力"。fun"乐趣";reaction"反应";
point"论点"。
15.B 逻辑推理 前面提到,哥伦布向大家示范了如何使鸡蛋轻松立起来。由此可知,此处指的是任何人都能做到所谓不可能的事——只要有人教过他怎么做,故选B。(共11张PPT)
考点5 固定搭配和语法知识
过考点 考点突破分类强化
Cloze 1
话题:获救的大象Moyo 主题语境:人与自然 词数:约295 难度:★★★☆☆
[2023辽宁丹东质量监测]This is the story of Moyo, a rescued elephant in Zimbabwe Elephant Nursery, set up by a local non-governmental organization called Wild is Life. She is probably one of the 1 elephant cubs ever to be rescued. She came to the nursery when she was about three to four 2 old. She weighed 56 kilos, and 3 a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos. So she was a special iconic little elephant. Under the good care of the staff there, she managed to 4 .
Every year, hundreds of young elephants are orphaned across the African continent and rarely have a chance of 5 in the wild and are more often than not, left to die. "We rescue babies, and we provide __6__ for them. We make sure they are in good 7 here, and help them regain their 8 needed in the wild. We are trying to create a culture where people 9 ," said Roxy Danckwerts, the founder of Wild is Life.
Moyo is about four and a half years old now. She is healthy and playful, and has become some kind of ambassador to the nursery. Therefore, she's having to take on a lot of 10 for such a young animal, almost becoming a leader at the very young age. She is gentle, calm, and very 11 to the other elephants that come into the nursery. She is also very good with people.
But unfortunately, they're not much more than objects of money in the eyes of ivory(象牙) dealers. Zimbabwe has a 12 elephant-hunting problem. Some regions have 13 as much as 75 percent of the elephant population over the past 10 years. That is why Danckwerts feels excited at China's decision to __14__
illegal ivory sales, which he believes has become a major turning point and a signal to the world that China has made a 15 .
1A.cleverest B.worst C.smallest D.oldest
2A.years B.months C.weeks D.days
3A.normally B.officially C.rigidly D.unusually
4A.set down B.pop up C.pull through D.get away
5A.escape B.survival C.freedom D.extinction
6A.shelter B.service C.advice D.wealth
7A.eyes B.legs C.arms D.hands
8A.habitats B.skills C.partners D.parents
9A.tour B.care C.wander D.study
10A.risk B.discussion C.work D.responsibility
11A.friendly B.well-known C.superior D.strange
12A.simple B.tiny C.serious D.random
13A.gained B.supported C.lost D.controlled
14A.allow B.promote C.reduce D.ban
15A.move B.deal C.living D.mistake
【解析】 文章讲述了津巴布韦大象孤儿院里获救的大象Moyo的故事,该孤儿院救助并且帮助了一些野生大象。
1.C 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"She came to the nursery... a special iconic little elephant"可推知,Moyo可能是获救的最小的象崽之一,故选C。cleverest"最聪明的";worst"最坏的";smallest"最小的";oldest"最老的"。
2.D 逻辑推理 根据下文中的"She weighed 56 kilos, and 3 a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos"可知,Moyo的体重还没有刚出生的非洲象幼崽重,由此判断,Moyo被送到孤儿院时应是三四天大。故选D。
3.A 语境语义 根据上文中的"She weighed 56 kilos"和下文中的"a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos"可知,正常情况下刚出生的非洲象幼崽重约90公斤,故选A。normally"正常情况下";
officially"官方地";rigidly"严格地";unusually"不寻常地"。
4.C 固定搭配 根据上文中的"Under the good care of the staff there"可知,Moyo在工作人员的精心照顾下恢复了健康,故选C。set down"记下";pop up"突然出现";pull through"康复,痊愈";get away"离开"。
5.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"more often than not, left to die"可知,小象在野外存活的机会很小,故选B。escape"逃脱";survival"存活";freedom"自由";extinction"灭绝"。
6.A 背景常识 根据上文中的"This is the story of Moyo, a rescued elephant in Zimbabwe Elephant Nursery, set up by a local non-governmental organization called Wild is Life"和常识可知,这个孤儿院由一个当地的非政府动物救助组织成立,他们在救助了大象幼崽后应该会给它们提供庇护所,故选A。shelter"庇护所,庇护";service"服务";advice"建议";wealth"财富"。
7.D 固定搭配 根据下文中的"and help them regain"和语境可知,此处应为固定短语in good hands,意为"被照顾得很好",故选D。
8.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"needed in the wild"和语境可知,这里的工作人员应是帮助这些被救助的大象幼崽重新获得在野外生存的技能,故选B。habitat"栖息地";skill"技能";partner"伴侣";parent"父亲(或母亲)"。
9.B 语境语义 根据上文中的"We rescue babies, and we provide 6 for them... needed in the wild"和语境可知,该动物救助组织致力于帮助动物,并且想要创造一种人们都能关心的文化,故选B。tour"游览";
care"关注,在意,关心";wander"漫步";study"学习"。
10.D 固定搭配 根据下文中的"almost becoming a leader at the very young age"可知,成为领导者就要承担相应的责任,故选D。risk"风险";discussion"讨论";work"工作";responsibility"责任"。take on responsibility (for...)为固定搭配,意为"(对……)承担责任"。
11.A 逻辑推理 上文提到"She is gentle, calm",下文提到"She is also very good with people",由此判断,空处应填褒义词,表示Moyo是一头非常友好的大象,故选A。friendly"友好的";well-known"著名的";superior"更好的,有优越感的";strange"奇怪的"。
12.C 语境语义 根据上文中的"But unfortunately, they're not much more than objects of money in the eyes of ivory(象牙) dealers"可知,津巴布韦有着非常严重的猎杀大象的问题,故选C。simple"简单的";tiny"极小的";serious"严重的";random"随机的"。
13.C 语境语义 上文讲津巴布韦有着非常严重的猎杀大象的问题,根据语境,此处是说在一些地区,大象的数量在过去十年间减少了75%,故选C。gain"获得";support"支持";lose"失去";control"控制"。
14.D 逻辑推理 上文提到"Danckwerts feels excited",下文提到"which he believes has become a major turning point and a signal to the world",由此判断,此处表示中国禁止非法销售象牙的决定让Danckwerts感到非常兴奋,故选D。allow"允许";promote"提升";reduce"减少";ban"禁止"。
15.A 固定搭配 根据上文中的"That is why Danckwerts feels excited at China's decision to 14 illegal ivory sales"可知,中国已经采取行动。此处为固定短语make a move,意为"开始行动,采取行动",故选A。
【名师点津】
完形填空试题除了考查在特定语境中词汇的运用之外,还经常考查固定搭配的使用。英语中的固定搭配非常多,有些固定搭配在形式上非常相似,考生要通过具体语境仔细辨别,平时一定要多加积累。
Cloze 2
话题:洗衣机引发的改变 主题语境:人与自我 词数:约225 难度:★★★☆☆
[2023安徽合肥质检(一)]I've had a lot of bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine broke. I had planned to fix it myself but soon 1 the repairs would cost more than a new one would. Then this week the __2__ thing happened to my daughter's washing machine! This time I 3 called a friend to help. Once again, however, it was broken beyond 4 . I ended up having to 5 two. While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still 6 about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did that, my 7 traveled back to when I was a child. I saw my grandma 8 an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn't have a spin dryer(甩干机) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to 9 the water. When the washing was done, she'd often pat the machine 10 . She had grown up handwashing clothes and was 11 for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the 12 way. I was getting 13 in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have. The good old days had their share of 14 and joys. And the good new days have those. What 15 is how we live them as well as what we can learn from them.
1A.regretted B.remembered C.denied D.appreciated
2A.usual B.same C.funny D.amazing
3A.even B.still C.ever D.already
4A.recognition B.control C.repair D.compare
5A.sell B.order C.return D.fix
6A.lied B.cared C.complained D.argued
7A.memory B.dream C.doubt D.fear
8A.covering B.decorating C.loading D.equipping
9A.purify B.remove C.hold D.absorb
10A.firmly B.hurriedly C.wildly D.lovingly
11A.grateful B.eager C.sorry D.responsible
12A.ideal B.proper C.wrong D.traditional
13A.carried away B.caught up C.turned down D.taken over
14A.purposes B.duties C.excuses D.struggles
15A.matters B.remains C.works D.happens
【解析】 由于作者的洗衣机和女儿的洗衣机都坏掉了,作者不得不购买两台新洗衣机,这使得作者的心情糟糕极了;作者在心情郁闷之际,想起来自己的奶奶以前使用洗衣机的场景及奶奶对洗衣机的感激之情,这改变了作者看待问题的方式。
1.D 语境语义 此句指作者本打算自己修理出了毛病的洗衣机,但很快就明白修理比买一个新的还要贵。regret"感到遗憾";remember"记得";deny"否认,否定";appreciate"理解,明白"。故选D。
2.B 语境语义 根据下文中的"Once again, however, it was broken"可知,女儿的洗衣机也坏了,即女儿的洗衣机和作者的洗衣机发生了同样的事情,故选B。amazing"惊人的"。
3.A 语境语义 当得知女儿的洗衣机也坏了的时候,作者甚至找了朋友来帮忙,故选A。
4.C 固定搭配 根据语境并结合下文中的"While both the new machines got delivered quickly"可知,女儿的洗衣机也同样无法修理,所以作者才买了两台新洗衣机,故选C。beyond repair为固定词组,指"无法修理"。recognition"认识";control"控制";beyond compare"无与伦比"。
5.B 语境语义 由于作者的洗衣机和女儿的洗衣机都坏掉了,作者不得不订购两台新洗衣机,故选B,order在此表示"订购"。return"返回,送回";fix"修理"。
6.C 语法知识 该句是一个含有while引导的让步状语从句的复合句,从句指的是虽然两台新机器都很快送到了。结合四个选项可推知,主句应表示"但我仍然在心里抱怨我所经历的一切",故选C。lie"撒谎";argue"争论"。
7.A 语境语义 根据空后的"traveled back to when I was a child"可知,此处表示"我的记忆回到了小时候",故选A。
8.C 背景常识 根据语境和常识可知,此处指"我看到奶奶把我的牛仔裤和衬衫装进一台老式洗衣机里",
故选C。cover"覆盖";decorate"装饰";load"(把大量……)装上,装入";equip"配备"。
9.B 背景常识 根据空前的"It didn't have a spin dryer(甩干机) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers"和常识可知,此处指由于老式洗衣机里面没有甩干机,所以她必须使每件衣服都在一对滚筒上过一遍,以去除湿衣服里面的水分,故选B。purify"净化";remove"去除";absorb"吸收"。
10.D 语境语义 根据下文中的"She had grown up handwashing clothes... much of the work for her"可知,此处指洗完衣服后,奶奶经常充满爱意地拍拍洗衣机,故选D。firmly"坚定地";hurriedly"匆忙地";wildly"失控地";lovingly"充满爱意地"。
11.A 语境语义 结合语境可知,此处应指奶奶对洗衣机心存感激,因为她从小就用手洗衣服,而有了洗衣机后这帮了她大忙,故选A,下文中的"instead of being thankful for all I have"也给出了提示。be grateful for"对……心存感激";be eager for"渴望得到";be responsible for"对……负责"。
12.C 语境语义 根据下文中的"I was getting... instead of being thankful for all I have"可知,此处指回想起自己奶奶的所作所为使作者意识到自己看待问题的方式是错误的,故选C。ideal"理想的";proper"恰当的";traditional"传统的"。
13.B 固定搭配 根据语境并结合第一段中的"While both the new machines got delivered quickly... in my heart"可知,此句指"我被现代生活的不便困住了而没有对我所拥有的一切心存感激",故选B。carry away"拿走";get caught up in"被卷入,陷入";turn down"拒绝";take over "接管"。
14.D 逻辑推理 根据上文内容可知,本文告诉我们要辩证地看待问题,故该空与后面的joys为对应关系,指"过去的美好时光有奋斗,也有欢乐",故选D。purpose"目的";duty"职责";excuse"借口";struggle"奋斗"。
15.A 语法知识 该句为含有what引导的主语从句的复合句,指的是"重要的是我们如何过美好的新日子以及我们能从中学到什么",故选A。matter在此作动词,意为"要紧,有重大影响"。remain"继续,仍然存在"。
