牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 3 The world online单元基础卷（含解析）

（1）Unit 1 Nature in the balance—2023-2024学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1. As __________ consequence, certain principles about space are prior to experience.
2. The ending of the book was __________ (entire) predictable.
3. Legal advice should be sought before you take any______ (far) measure.
4. However, technology is also the______ (apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem.
5. I was _______ (absolute) astonished by the reaction to our appearance.
6. The exhibition about The Belt and Road is more interesting than______ (expect).
7. ______ tired, we felt excited to be able to help others.
8. There is no doubt that______ (globe) warming has a bad impact on us.
9. Film has a much shorter history, especially when______ (compare) to music and painting.
10. The global warming, if not properly______ (control), might lead to more natural disasters.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped "keys" to choose from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
11. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
12. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
13. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A. How far they are able to see.
B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
14. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers
B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers
D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Should We Create More National Parks
Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of extinction ①_____ And I think the best way to do this for governments is to create more national parks.
②_____ If this environment is destroyed—for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make profits. ③_____
On the other hand, some people protest against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier if living in their natural environment. ④_____
They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks, because these parks allow animals to live in a safe environment. ⑤_____
A. They say that though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
B. Firstly, national parks protect the animals' natural environment.
C. To begin with, animals are important to humans.
D. I personally believe that we must save these animals.
E. There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
F. In fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies—human beings.
G. Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假定你是李华，你校绿社(the Green Club)将向附近农场社区发出"Say No to Chemical Fertilizers"的倡议，请你以社长的名义用英语写一封倡议书，主要内容包括：
1. 简述倡议内容；
2. 阐明倡议理由；
3. 号召大家响应。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：a
解析：句意为:因此，关于空间的某些原理是先于经验而存在的。 此处考查短语as a consequence，意为“因此”，故填不定冠词a。
2.答案：entirely
解析：句意为:那本书的结局完全是可以预见的。此处需要副词，修饰空后的predictable，故填entirely。
3.答案：further
解析：句意为:在你采取任何进一步的措施之前，建议你进行法律咨询。根据语境可知，设空处表示“更进一步的”，应填 far的比较级 further。
4.答案：application
解析：句意为:然而，技术也是运用科学知识来解决问题。此处前有定冠词，后有介词of，应填名词，apply的名词形式为application，表示“应用，运用”。
5.答案：absolutely
解析：句意为:大家对我们的出现的反应让我非常惊讶。此处需要副词，修饰空后的形容词，表示“非常；完全地，故填 absolutely。
6.答案：expected
解析：句意为:关于“一带一路”的展览比预想的更有趣。than后完整的句子应是it is expected，表示“展览比预想的那样更有趣”，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词，由于展览是被预想，因此应用过去分词。故填 expected。
7.答案：Though/ Although/While
解析：句意为:尽管我们很累，但是能够帮助别人，我们感到很兴奋。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文之间为转折关系，所以这里应用“虽然，尽管”对应的连词though/although/while，从句中省略了主语we 和be动词were。故填Though/ Although/While。
8.答案：global
解析：句意为:毫无疑间，全球变暖对我们有不好的影响。此处作定语修饰名词warming，应用形容词。global warming意为“全球变暖”。
9.答案：compared
解析：句意为:电影制作的历史要短得多，尤其是与音乐和绘画等艺术形式相比。分析句子结构可知，此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略。从句主语同主句主语(Film)一致，和动词compare之间是被动关系，即从句谓语为is compared，根据状语从句可省略主语和be动词的原则，省略后为compared。故填compared。
10.答案：controlled
解析：句意为:全球变暖，如果控制不当，可能会导致更多的自然灾害。if引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，且主语与control构成被动关系。故填controlled。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段中的"Though not known to use tools in the wild，the birds have proved skillful at tool use"可知，实验中凤头鹦鹉通过使用工具拿到了盒子里的果仁，故选B项。
12.答案：C
解析：推断。根据第二段首句"In humans，babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age"可知，在大约一岁时，婴儿就能将圆形物体放入圆孔中，由此可推知C项正确。
13.答案：D
解析：理解具体信息。根据最后一段信息可知，研究人员下一步将查明凤头鹦鹉是否完全依靠视觉线索还是也需要使用触觉来对物体的形状作出选择。
14.答案：D
解析：理解文章主旨要义。综观全文，尤其是根据文章首句"Goffin's cockatoos，a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, ve been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old"可知，文章主要讲述凤头鹦鹉出色的形状识别能力。故D项作文章标题最佳。
三、七选五
答案：DBGAF
解析：①上文提出问题，指出越来越多的物种濒临灭绝，这一事实令人担忧，下文说明作者的想法—政府应建更多的国家公园，由此可知，D项“我个人认为我们必须救助这些动物”承上启下，符合语境，下一句中的this指代D项中的“save these animals”，故选D。
②本段主要讲要保护动物生存的自然环境，B项“首先，国家公园保护动物的自然环境”符合语境，下文中的“this environment”指代B项中的“the animals' atural environment”，故选B。
③上文讲述猎人为了赚取利润猎杀动物，G项“一些猎人甚至仅仅为了消遣猎杀动物”也是在说猎人捕杀动物的目的，故选G。
④设空处上文和下文都在讲述那些反对建国家公园的人的理由，因此A项“他们说尽管动物可能会面临危险，但它们享受自由的生活”也是在讲反对的人的理由，符合语境，故选A。
⑤根据上文“...the benefits of national parks..allow animals to live in a safe environment.”可知，本段总结全文，说明建国家公园的利大于弊，此处为本段最后一句，结合选项可知，F项“事实上，它们保护动物免受它们最大的敌人—人类的伤害”符合语境，再次强调国家公园的好处，F项中的they指代上文中的national parks，故选F。
四、书面表达
Dear ladies and gentlemen,
Are you passionate about our farm community Then we'd love you to join the team of Say No to Chemical Fertilizers. That way you'll help raise people's awareness of environmental protection.
By motivating people not to use chemical fertilizers, you can create greener farm communities, which will benefit future generations. You don't need to buy expensive equipment, just turning chemical fertilizers into green fertilizers.
To create a more beautiful and livable community, on behalf of the Green Club, we sincerely appeal to you for your involvement.
Yours,
Li Hua