2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解讲义

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名称 2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解讲义
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更新时间 2024-03-15 20:26:28

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【细节题概况】
细节题解题步骤:(四步法解题)
①读清题干,提取关键词(字母大写标注的,人名,地名,数字,特殊修饰词)
从句留意要知道从句修饰对象是什么;然后还原正确语序变成简单句
比如说Rex is a good student who comes from Beijing foreign study university
还原正确语序:Rex is a good student;a good student comes from Beijing foreign study university.
②串联题干,提取主题词(主要是人名,实词)
③一般情况下文章与题干是相同顺序(也就是题文同序)
④跟着题干关键词回文定位,仔细对比选项信息,尤其注意同义替换以及词汇复现;具象化的同义替换(上位词替换为下位词,比如说文章说的是蔬菜,但是题干说的是番茄或者土豆;或者下位词替换为上位词,比如说文章说的是苹果,但是题干说的是水果或者蔬果;定义具象化替换,比如说狗是一只四只脚跑的动物或者宠物)
细节题的题型分类
①简单信息细节判断
透过题干圈画出关键词(视译题干,根据题干关键词,找出对应的答题方向或者作者感彩,具体是正向的还是负向的)
通过关键词回文定位,找出对应的细节信息
耐心细节比较具体是哪里有信息上出入,做题过程有点像做完形填空,根据已知信息推断未知信息
②多重综合信息细节判断(一加四法则)
一个解题总则就是明确这是定位信息综合判断,一般情况下出现according to;suggest that...;decide that...对应原文多处信息综合同义替换然后整合提取。比如说选项显示the time of writing a poem,但是文章显示一个时间流程比如说in2006, at the beginning of 2007, after 2008,一大推时间信息整合
四步法解题,前面已经说了什么是四步法,这里不再赘述
另外注意的是行文逻辑(句间逻辑;段间逻辑;时间的逻辑)这跟完型填空做题是一样的
结论:阅读理解跟完形填空是一样的出题方向,区别是阅读理解需要在逻辑推断信息缺乏,然而完型填空直接填上信息就是了。
【应用文细节题-小题大做】
(1)原词对应
In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________.【2023年北京市高考卷】
在为期四周的学习冲刺中,参与者将________。
A. create change in their community 在他们的社区中创造改变
B. attend a virtual learning programme参加一个虚拟学习项目(原词对应,简单细节题)
C. meet people from different backgrounds 认识不同背景的人
D. promote the IOC Young Leaders project推动国际奥委会青年领袖项目
4-Week Learning Sprint
The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. 为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划,将于2023年11月进行。(which引导定语从句修饰learning sprint 学习冲刺)The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task.这些会议可以现场观看,也可以在国际奥委会频道播出后观看。每个星期,参与者将被要求完成一个特定主题的反思任务。
1. Which is a must for a complete trip to China according to the text 【山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年第二学期高三一模英语试题】
根据课文,完整的中国之旅必须具备哪些条件
A. The Great Wall. 万里长城
B. The giant panda. 大熊猫
C. The Yangtze River. 长江,扬子江
D. The Forbidden City.紫禁城,故宫
No trip to China is complete without seeing their most adorable residents: the giant pandas. 如果没有看到中国最可爱的居民:大熊猫,那么你的中国之旅就不完整Visit Chongqing’s Panda House for a closer look at these playful bears before boarding a high-speed train to the amazing city of Guilin, one of China’s most picturesque regions.
If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________.【2023年北京市高考卷】
如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖,就需要
complete a reflection task each week 每周完成一次反思任务
B. watch sports on the IOC channel看国际奥委会频道的体育节目
C. work on a sport-based project 以运动为基础的项目(原词对应+定语从句解析)
D. coach and advise their peers 指导和建议他们的同伴
After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.
which引导定语从句修饰a sport-based project
2. How do the tourists go to Guilin 【山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年第二学期高三一模英语试题】
游客们怎样去桂林
A. By train. 坐火车(简单信息上搜索)
B. By boat. 坐船
C. By air. 坐飞机
D. On foot.走路过去
No trip to China is complete without seeing their most adorable residents: the giant pandas. Visit Chongqing’s Panda House for a closer look at these playful bears before boarding a high-speed train to the amazing city of Guilin, one of China’s most picturesque regions.参观重庆的熊猫馆,近距离观察这些顽皮的熊,然后登上高速列车前往令人惊叹的桂林,中国最美丽的地区之一。
23. Which is a requirement for the applicants 【2023年北京卷】
对申请人的要求是什么
A. Spreading the message of sport for good. 传播体育为善的信息。
B. Having at least one-year work experience.有一年以上工作经验。(简单细节信息判断)
C. Showing great passion for project planning.对项目策划有极大的热情。
D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert.致力于成为专家
Requirements for the Applicants
You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint.
你已经成功地完成了为期四周的学习冲刺
You have completed your high school studies.你已经完成了高中学业。
You have at least one year of work experience.你至少有一年的工作经验
You have strong public speaking skills.你有很强的公众演讲技巧。
You are self-motivated and committed.你有上进心,有责任心。
You are passionate about creating positive change in your community.
你热衷于为你的社区创造积极的变化
You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴).
你愿意接受专家和同行的指导和建议(同伴)。
You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.
你能和不同背景的人一起工作。
2. Which restaurant offers a large set menu 哪家餐厅提供大套餐 【2023年甲卷】
A. Gaggan.
B. Bo. tan. (原文信息直接对应,)
C. Issaya Siamese Club.
D. Nahm.
Bo. tan
Bo. tan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary sence since it opened in 2009. 薄。自2009年开业以来,tan一直在曼谷的烹饪界掀起波澜。
Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist.在优雅的氛围中服务难以找到的泰国菜,餐厅是真正的泰国菜的根源,但仍然设法添加一个特殊的扭曲(serving 现在分词做伴随状语)This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.这里很适合和喜欢美食的同事一起吃烛光晚餐或开工作会议。 For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu.对于那些极度饥饿的人来说,这里有一份很大的套餐。
3. What can tourists learn for free during the trip 【山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年第二学期高三一模英语试题】
游客在旅途中可以免费学到什么
Doing Taichi. 耍太极
B. Producing terracotta.做陶器
C. Making dumplings. 包饺子
D. Practicing calligraphy.练习书法
Duration: 17 days.
Price: 3,840 per person, including all meals, accommodation, transportation and transfers.
Free extension: dumpling-making class.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree 【2023年全国乙卷】
谁是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国人
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. 杰奎琳·菲利斯·德·阿尔马尼亚。
B. Tan Yunxian.谈允贤
C. James Barry. 詹姆斯巴里
D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.丽贝卡·李·克鲁普勒。
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.四年后,她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。1865年,她搬到弗吉尼亚州,在那里为被解放的奴隶提供医疗服务。(where引导地点状语从句修饰
23.Who can be the most potential applicant of this program 【福建省泉州市2024届高中毕业班下学期质量监测(三)英语试题】
谁是这个项目最有潜力的申请人
A. A student seeking for a degree in Kindergarten Education.
寻求幼稚园教育学位的学生。
B. A student expecting to teach English in primary school.
期望在小学教英语的学生。
C. A student hoping for a career as a health instructor.
一个希望成为健康教练的学生。
D. A student planning to specialise in science exploration.
计划专攻科学探索的学生。
Overview
This enriching program (Bachelor of Education, or B.Ed.) will prepare you to become a specialist educator of English as a Second Language (ESL) at both the elementary and secondary school levels.这个丰富的课程(教育学士学位,或B.Ed)将为你在小学和中学阶段成为英语作为第二语言(ESL)的专业教育者做好准备。 You will graduate with the theoretical and experience necessary in your practical future career.
3. Where does the guided city tour start 【2023年新高考Ⅰ卷】
带导游的城市游从哪里开始
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. 古耶尔,风车。
B. The Skinny Bridge.骨感桥
C. Heineken Brewery. 啤酒工厂
D. Dam Square. 水坝广场
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.每天下午1点开始,每小时整点从大坝广场出发。 You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
(2)数字信息题(原词对应/四则运算)
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
租一辆手刹三挡自行车两天要多少钱 【2023年新高考Ⅰ卷】
?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
这道题涉及四则运算:14.75+8=22.75
22. How much should a freshman pay for the tuition 【福建省泉州市2024届高中毕业班下学期质量监测(三)英语试题】
大一新生应该付多少学费
CAN$849.49.
CAN$3114.68.
CAN$25484.70.
D. CAN$28599.38.
Tuition Fee (学费)25484.70
(3)同义替换(题干/选项)
21.Which place is a better choice for the disabled 【湖北省八市2023-2024学年高三下学期(3月)联考英语试卷】
哪个地方对残疾人来说是更好的选择
A. Tiki Trail. 提级小径
B. Arrow River Trail. 箭河小径
C. Oueenstown Gardens. 皇后城市花园 (具象化的同义替换)
D. Ben Lomond Track本·洛蒙德小径
Queenstown Gardens
The Queenstown Gardens Trail is a wheelchair-accessible trail just a few minutes from central Queenstown.(wheelchair accessible= disabled 具象化的同义替换)The flat, easy track has spectacular views of Lake Whakatipu, Cecil Peak, and Walter Peak and the manicured gardens are beautiful year-round.皇后镇花园步道是一条轮椅通行的步道,距离皇后镇中心只有几分钟的路程;平坦,轻松的轨道可以看到华卡蒂普湖,塞西尔峰和沃尔特峰的壮观景色,修剪整齐的花园全年都很美丽。
22. What can visitors do in Arrow River Trail 【湖北省八市2023-2024学年高三下学期(3月)联考英语试卷】
游客可以在箭河步道做什么
Appreciate the rose fragrance. 欣赏玫瑰的芬芳
B. Experience demanding climb 经验要求高的爬升
C.Have a bird-eye view of Queenstown. 鸟瞰皇后镇。
D. Learn about the local history.了解当地的历史(原词对应以及同义替换(discover=learn about))
Arrow River Trail
Starting in historic Arrowtown, a walk along the Arrow River Trail is a must-do for any visitor to Oueenstown.
The track will have you filling your camera memory, especially in autumn due to the explosion of colours on the trees. From here, you can cross the bridge and walk back along the riverside or go back the way you came. Back in Arrowtown, it's lovely to walk along the river and amongst the trees before rejoining Arrowtown's quaint streets to admire the café culture, discover the region's history or grab a pint in the sunshine.回到阿罗镇,在回到阿罗镇古雅的街道上欣赏咖啡文化,探索该地区的历史或在阳光下喝一杯啤酒之前,沿着河流和树木散步是很可爱的。
【做题小结】
综上所述,应用文细节考察的题目总体来说不算困难,需要同学们耐心和仔细
如果遇到同义替换题目,词汇量不足的同学可以通过联系上下文进行解析