人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Words and expressions 讲义
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tobacco n.烟草；烟叶
alcohol n. 酒；酒精
Eg:Don’t drive after drinking alcohol 不要酒后驾车。
alcoholic adj. 酒精的，含酒精的；n. 嗜酒如命者，酒鬼
-(a)holic 有...癖好的人；...的狂热者
workaholic 工作狂 shopaholic购物狂
abuse n./vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
ab (坏) +use (用)：不恰当地使用，滥用
abuser n. 滥用者；施虐者 abusive adj. 辱骂的；滥用的；虐待的
abnormal adj.不正常的
Eg: Teenagers may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒，造成身心健康问题。
physical/mental abuse 生理/精神折磨
abuse sb’s power to do sth. 某人滥用权力做某事
physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的
physically adv. 物理地；physics n.物理
mental adj.精神的；智力的 psychological adj.心理的
5.dominate vt./vi. 支配；控制；占有优势
domination n. dominant adj.占支配地位的；显著的
Eg: Her loud voice totally dominated the conversation.在比赛/战争中占上风
be dominated by 由某人所控制、支配
Eg:Women are no longer dominated by the men in their relationships.女性不再受男性的支配。
Eg: The stronger dominated the weaker. 强者支配弱者。
6.repeatedly adv.重复 repeat vt. 重复 repetition n. 重复
7.psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响
psychological adj.心理的 psychologically adv.心理地
cue n．提示；暗示；信号=hint/reminder/ clue vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)
Eg:I throw her a cue but she missed it 我给她暗示，可她没有领会
Can you cue me when you want me to begin speaking 你要我开始讲话时能给我暗示一下吗？
9.in response to 回答；回复
response n.回答；回复 give/make a response to 对……做出回应
respond vi. 回答；回复 respond/react/reply/ to 回答；回复
Reaction n. 反应
Eg: I'm writing to have a brief introduction to Beijing Opera in response to your request. 为回应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。
10.reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
Award v.奖励；授予award sb sth奖励某人某物
in reward for 为奖赏/答谢……
as a reward for 作为对……的奖赏
reward sb. with sth. for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事用某物奖赏/酬谢某人
rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的
Eg: He offered a reward to me for my helping him make much progress in oral English. 由于我帮助他在英语口语方面取得了很大的进步，他给了我一个奖励。
政府为奖励他在医学领域的贡献而为他颁发奖章。
The government gave him a medal in reward for his contributions in the field of medicine.(reward n．)
The government gave him a medal to reward him for his contributions in the field of medicine.(reward vt.)
11.rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on/depend on/count on/rest on 依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 信赖某人做某事
rely on (one's) doing sth. 指望(某人)做某事
rely on/upon it that... 指望……
Reliable/ dependable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的Eg:Whenever we're in trouble, you're always the person we can rely on.
无论我们什么时候有困难，你总是我们可以依赖的那个人。
Eg: Not only is he reliable, but he is also considerate and selfless，so I think he is quite qualified for the position.他不仅可靠，而且考虑周到和无私，因此我认为他非常的胜任这个职位。
13.facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 同义词：further /promote /accelerate/advance
facilitative adj.使便利的 facility n.设施，设备
facilitate economic growth 促进经济增长
Eg: Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.
电脑可用于促进语言学习。
14.examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 examination n．考试；检查
15. negative =passive adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
反义词positive=active adj. 积极的；肯定的；正面的
Eg: An unbalanced diet can have enormous negative impacts on people’s lives.不均衡的饮食习惯会给人们的生活产生极大的负面影响。
16.escalator n.自动扶梯；滚梯
17.straight away立即；马上“立刻，马上”的其他表达：right away、right now、at once、in no time等
Eg: I caught a bad cold, so I should go and see a doctor straight away.
我得了重感冒，所以我应该马上去看医生。
18.pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
be pessimistic about对……悲观
pessimistically adv. 悲观地
optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的
be optimistic about 对……乐观
Eg: Being optimistic rather than pessimistic, the sculptor can handle various hardships in his routine life.
这位雕刻家乐观而不悲观，能够处理日常生活中各种各样的困难。
19.discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚
displined adj.遵守纪律的；受过训练的school discipline 学校纪律
discipline oneself 严格要求自己
self-discipline 自律，自我约束
20.pill n．药丸；药片
21.delete v．删去； 删除=cut out deletion n.删除
22.decide on 决定；选定
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
decision n. 决定arrive at/come to/reach/make a decision 做出决定
Eg:我们最后决定召开一次班会来制定活动计划。
We finally decided on holding a class meeting to make a plan for the activity.
23.make up one's mind 下定决心
keep one's mind on 专心于
bear/keep in mind 记住，牢记
change one's mind 改变主意
come to/into one's mind 忽然想起
Eg:I have made up my mind to study harder and make greater progress so as to be a great person as you.
为了成为像你一样伟大的人，我已经下定决心更加努力学习，取得更大进步。
All of a sudden, a terrible thought came into my mind. 突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里。
pose vt. & vi.组成；作曲；撰写
Be comprised of 由……组成(或构成)
composition n. 组成；构成；作曲；作品
composer n. 作曲家
Eg:Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment and so on. 生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐等。
surgeon n.外科医生 physician n. 内科医生
surgery n.外科手术，外科学
27.liberation n.解放，摆脱
liberate v.解放，使自由 liberated adj. 不受传统思想束缚的
People’s Liberation Army中国解放军
Eg:We should show respect for many soldiers who died in defense of the country in the China’s War of Liberation. 我们应该尊敬在中国解放战争中为保卫国家而牺牲的战士。
28.shave off 剃掉，刮去
shave v/n.剃（须发）；刮脸
shave sth. off/ from sth. 将....减少；从...削掉（薄薄的一层）
Eg:The new high speed trains will shave off half an hour the journey time.
29.beard n.胡须
30.disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼disturbance n.干扰
disturbed adj. 心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的
disturbing adj.令人不安的；令人烦恼的
undisturbed adj.未受干扰的；未被打搅的
Eg:It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
昨晚用吵闹的音乐打扰邻居是不礼貌的。
I hate to disturb you, but I have to tell you something important.
我不想打扰你，但是我必须告诉你一些重要的事情。
31.specialist n．专科医生；专家 special adj.特别的；重要的；特设的 specialize vt.专攻；专门研究
32.consultant n.顾问；高级顾问医师 consult vt.& vi.请教；咨询 vt.查阅；参考
Counselor n.顾问 paticipant n.参与者 assistant n.助理；助手 applicant n.申请者
33.skip v.跳跃；不做某事；不参加；悄悄溜走=slideslide-slid-slid skip-skipped-skipped
skip breakfast 不吃早餐 skip school 逃学 skip off/out 溜走/溜出
34.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的=faint dizzily adv.头昏眼花地dizziness n.头晕；昏眩
light-headed adj. 头晕眼花 clear-headed adj.头脑清楚的
be dizzy with excitement 激动得有些眩晕 feel dizzy 感到头晕目眩
35.flu n.流感 bird flu禽流感
Eg:Most worrying, though, I got the flu easily and experienced many toothaches, too.
不过，最令人担心的是，我容易得流感，而且经常牙痛。
36.stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激 stimulation n.刺激
同义词：arouse/motivate/excite/inspire/ promote/advance/boost
stimulate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
be stimulated by... 被……激励
Eg:This stimulated my motivation.
这激发了我的动力。
Whenever I am stressed out and worn out, my warm-hearted friend always stimulates me to insist on my initial goal.
每当我感到有压力和疲惫的时候，我热心的朋友总是激励我坚持最初的目标。
37.dentist n.牙医 dental adj.牙齿的，牙科的
38.dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的
dynamic system 动力系统
dynamic balance 动态平衡
dynamical adj.动力学的 dynamically adv.动态地
Eg:She is a young and dynamic and will be a great addition to the team.
她既年轻又充满活力，会是团队力不可多得的新成员。
39. stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁
stress vt. 强调=highlight/emphasize着重；使紧张n. 压力=pressure重音；强调
stress the importance of sth.强调某事的重要性
stress out (使)焦虑不安；(受到)压力过大；疲惫不堪
under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 在……的压力下；为……所迫
lay/put/place stress/emphasis on=attach importance to强调；把重点放在……上
(2)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
Delight v.高兴 delightful adj.高兴的
Eg:With so much work filling her mind, she felt stressed(stress).
The truth is that the girl didn't want to take the stressful(stress) job.
40.be worn out 筋疲力尽的;疲惫的；破烂不堪的；废旧的
Be worn out=be tired out=be exhausted=give out
worn adj. 用坏的；疲惫的
wear sb. out 使某人筋疲力尽 wear--wore--worn bear--bore--born tear--tore--torn
Eg:laying was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards!
玩起来很开心，但玩完之后我觉得更累了！
Walking around a museum all day really wears you out.
一整天在博物馆里走来走去，真的让你筋疲力尽。
41.bowling n. 保龄球运动
42.comedy n.喜剧；喜剧片 tragedy n.悲剧
43.monthly adv/adj.每月；n.月刊daily每天/yearly/annually每年
部分以ly结尾的adj.Lovely 可爱的;令人愉快的/friendly友好的/deadly致命的/lively活泼的/motherly母亲般的/manly有男子气概的/costly 昂贵的/smelly 难闻的/silly 愚蠢的
44.enhance vt.提高;增强;增进 同义词raise/heighten/increase/advance/strengthen/boost
45.refresh vt.使恢复精神；使凉爽;刷新;更新使精神抖擞 refreshment n.
Sth refresh sb 使某人恢复精神refresh one’s memory提醒某人
46.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收；理解=appreciate/take in/digest/grasp
Absorb=catch/draw/arrest one's attention吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb oneself in 专注于，全神贯注于
absorbed adj. 全神贯注的
be absorbed in=be devoted to/be committed to/be lost in/be occupied with/apply oneself to 全神贯注于
Absorb v. 吸收absorption n.吸收 subscribe v.赞成;同意 subscription n. consume v.消耗 consumption n. assume v.假定；设想 assumption n.
Eg: Now that you have realized your time is limited, you should be absorbed in your study.
＝Now that you have realized your time is limited, you should absorb yourself in your study.
既然你已经意识到你的时间有限，你应该专心于你的学习。
alcohol n. 酒；酒精
Eg:Don’t drive after drinking alcohol 不要酒后驾车。
alcoholic adj. 酒精的，含酒精的；n. 嗜酒如命者，酒鬼
-(a)holic 有...癖好的人；...的狂热者
workaholic 工作狂 shopaholic购物狂
abuse n./vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
ab (坏) +use (用)：不恰当地使用，滥用
abuser n. 滥用者；施虐者 abusive adj. 辱骂的；滥用的；虐待的
abnormal adj.不正常的
Eg: Teenagers may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒，造成身心健康问题。
physical/mental abuse 生理/精神折磨
abuse sb’s power to do sth. 某人滥用权力做某事
physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的
physically adv. 物理地；physics n.物理
mental adj.精神的；智力的 psychological adj.心理的
5.dominate vt./vi. 支配；控制；占有优势
domination n. dominant adj.占支配地位的；显著的
Eg: Her loud voice totally dominated the conversation.在比赛/战争中占上风
be dominated by 由某人所控制、支配
Eg:Women are no longer dominated by the men in their relationships.女性不再受男性的支配。
Eg: The stronger dominated the weaker. 强者支配弱者。
6.repeatedly adv.重复 repeat vt. 重复 repetition n. 重复
7.psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响
psychological adj.心理的 psychologically adv.心理地
cue n．提示；暗示；信号=hint/reminder/ clue vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)
Eg:I throw her a cue but she missed it 我给她暗示，可她没有领会
Can you cue me when you want me to begin speaking 你要我开始讲话时能给我暗示一下吗？
9.in response to 回答；回复
response n.回答；回复 give/make a response to 对……做出回应
respond vi. 回答；回复 respond/react/reply/ to 回答；回复
Reaction n. 反应
Eg: I'm writing to have a brief introduction to Beijing Opera in response to your request. 为回应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。
10.reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
Award v.奖励；授予award sb sth奖励某人某物
in reward for 为奖赏/答谢……
as a reward for 作为对……的奖赏
reward sb. with sth. for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事用某物奖赏/酬谢某人
rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的
Eg: He offered a reward to me for my helping him make much progress in oral English. 由于我帮助他在英语口语方面取得了很大的进步，他给了我一个奖励。
政府为奖励他在医学领域的贡献而为他颁发奖章。
The government gave him a medal in reward for his contributions in the field of medicine.(reward n．)
The government gave him a medal to reward him for his contributions in the field of medicine.(reward vt.)
11.rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on/depend on/count on/rest on 依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 信赖某人做某事
rely on (one's) doing sth. 指望(某人)做某事
rely on/upon it that... 指望……
Reliable/ dependable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的Eg:Whenever we're in trouble, you're always the person we can rely on.
无论我们什么时候有困难，你总是我们可以依赖的那个人。
Eg: Not only is he reliable, but he is also considerate and selfless，so I think he is quite qualified for the position.他不仅可靠，而且考虑周到和无私，因此我认为他非常的胜任这个职位。
13.facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 同义词：further /promote /accelerate/advance
facilitative adj.使便利的 facility n.设施，设备
facilitate economic growth 促进经济增长
Eg: Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.
电脑可用于促进语言学习。
14.examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 examination n．考试；检查
15. negative =passive adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
反义词positive=active adj. 积极的；肯定的；正面的
Eg: An unbalanced diet can have enormous negative impacts on people’s lives.不均衡的饮食习惯会给人们的生活产生极大的负面影响。
16.escalator n.自动扶梯；滚梯
17.straight away立即；马上“立刻，马上”的其他表达：right away、right now、at once、in no time等
Eg: I caught a bad cold, so I should go and see a doctor straight away.
我得了重感冒，所以我应该马上去看医生。
18.pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
be pessimistic about对……悲观
pessimistically adv. 悲观地
optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的
be optimistic about 对……乐观
Eg: Being optimistic rather than pessimistic, the sculptor can handle various hardships in his routine life.
这位雕刻家乐观而不悲观，能够处理日常生活中各种各样的困难。
19.discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚
displined adj.遵守纪律的；受过训练的school discipline 学校纪律
discipline oneself 严格要求自己
self-discipline 自律，自我约束
20.pill n．药丸；药片
21.delete v．删去； 删除=cut out deletion n.删除
22.decide on 决定；选定
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
decision n. 决定arrive at/come to/reach/make a decision 做出决定
Eg:我们最后决定召开一次班会来制定活动计划。
We finally decided on holding a class meeting to make a plan for the activity.
23.make up one's mind 下定决心
keep one's mind on 专心于
bear/keep in mind 记住，牢记
change one's mind 改变主意
come to/into one's mind 忽然想起
Eg:I have made up my mind to study harder and make greater progress so as to be a great person as you.
为了成为像你一样伟大的人，我已经下定决心更加努力学习，取得更大进步。
All of a sudden, a terrible thought came into my mind. 突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里。
pose vt. & vi.组成；作曲；撰写
Be comprised of 由……组成(或构成)
composition n. 组成；构成；作曲；作品
composer n. 作曲家
Eg:Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment and so on. 生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐等。
surgeon n.外科医生 physician n. 内科医生
surgery n.外科手术，外科学
27.liberation n.解放，摆脱
liberate v.解放，使自由 liberated adj. 不受传统思想束缚的
People’s Liberation Army中国解放军
Eg:We should show respect for many soldiers who died in defense of the country in the China’s War of Liberation. 我们应该尊敬在中国解放战争中为保卫国家而牺牲的战士。
28.shave off 剃掉，刮去
shave v/n.剃（须发）；刮脸
shave sth. off/ from sth. 将....减少；从...削掉（薄薄的一层）
Eg:The new high speed trains will shave off half an hour the journey time.
29.beard n.胡须
30.disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼disturbance n.干扰
disturbed adj. 心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的
disturbing adj.令人不安的；令人烦恼的
undisturbed adj.未受干扰的；未被打搅的
Eg:It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
昨晚用吵闹的音乐打扰邻居是不礼貌的。
I hate to disturb you, but I have to tell you something important.
我不想打扰你，但是我必须告诉你一些重要的事情。
31.specialist n．专科医生；专家 special adj.特别的；重要的；特设的 specialize vt.专攻；专门研究
32.consultant n.顾问；高级顾问医师 consult vt.& vi.请教；咨询 vt.查阅；参考
Counselor n.顾问 paticipant n.参与者 assistant n.助理；助手 applicant n.申请者
33.skip v.跳跃；不做某事；不参加；悄悄溜走=slideslide-slid-slid skip-skipped-skipped
skip breakfast 不吃早餐 skip school 逃学 skip off/out 溜走/溜出
34.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的=faint dizzily adv.头昏眼花地dizziness n.头晕；昏眩
light-headed adj. 头晕眼花 clear-headed adj.头脑清楚的
be dizzy with excitement 激动得有些眩晕 feel dizzy 感到头晕目眩
35.flu n.流感 bird flu禽流感
Eg:Most worrying, though, I got the flu easily and experienced many toothaches, too.
不过，最令人担心的是，我容易得流感，而且经常牙痛。
36.stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激 stimulation n.刺激
同义词：arouse/motivate/excite/inspire/ promote/advance/boost
stimulate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
be stimulated by... 被……激励
Eg:This stimulated my motivation.
这激发了我的动力。
Whenever I am stressed out and worn out, my warm-hearted friend always stimulates me to insist on my initial goal.
每当我感到有压力和疲惫的时候，我热心的朋友总是激励我坚持最初的目标。
37.dentist n.牙医 dental adj.牙齿的，牙科的
38.dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的
dynamic system 动力系统
dynamic balance 动态平衡
dynamical adj.动力学的 dynamically adv.动态地
Eg:She is a young and dynamic and will be a great addition to the team.
她既年轻又充满活力，会是团队力不可多得的新成员。
39. stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁
stress vt. 强调=highlight/emphasize着重；使紧张n. 压力=pressure重音；强调
stress the importance of sth.强调某事的重要性
stress out (使)焦虑不安；(受到)压力过大；疲惫不堪
under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 在……的压力下；为……所迫
lay/put/place stress/emphasis on=attach importance to强调；把重点放在……上
(2)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
Delight v.高兴 delightful adj.高兴的
Eg:With so much work filling her mind, she felt stressed(stress).
The truth is that the girl didn't want to take the stressful(stress) job.
40.be worn out 筋疲力尽的;疲惫的；破烂不堪的；废旧的
Be worn out=be tired out=be exhausted=give out
worn adj. 用坏的；疲惫的
wear sb. out 使某人筋疲力尽 wear--wore--worn bear--bore--born tear--tore--torn
Eg:laying was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards!
玩起来很开心，但玩完之后我觉得更累了！
Walking around a museum all day really wears you out.
一整天在博物馆里走来走去，真的让你筋疲力尽。
41.bowling n. 保龄球运动
42.comedy n.喜剧；喜剧片 tragedy n.悲剧
43.monthly adv/adj.每月；n.月刊daily每天/yearly/annually每年
部分以ly结尾的adj.Lovely 可爱的;令人愉快的/friendly友好的/deadly致命的/lively活泼的/motherly母亲般的/manly有男子气概的/costly 昂贵的/smelly 难闻的/silly 愚蠢的
44.enhance vt.提高;增强;增进 同义词raise/heighten/increase/advance/strengthen/boost
45.refresh vt.使恢复精神；使凉爽;刷新;更新使精神抖擞 refreshment n.
Sth refresh sb 使某人恢复精神refresh one’s memory提醒某人
46.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收；理解=appreciate/take in/digest/grasp
Absorb=catch/draw/arrest one's attention吸引某人的注意
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb oneself in 专注于，全神贯注于
absorbed adj. 全神贯注的
be absorbed in=be devoted to/be committed to/be lost in/be occupied with/apply oneself to 全神贯注于
Absorb v. 吸收absorption n.吸收 subscribe v.赞成;同意 subscription n. consume v.消耗 consumption n. assume v.假定；设想 assumption n.
Eg: Now that you have realized your time is limited, you should be absorbed in your study.
＝Now that you have realized your time is limited, you should absorb yourself in your study.
既然你已经意识到你的时间有限，你应该专心于你的学习。