人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection单元检测卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection单元检测卷（含解析） |  | |
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（5）Unit 3 Environmental Protection—2023-2024学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元检测卷
一、填空题 (共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分)
1.The concert will _____(broadcast) live tomorrow evening.
2.He is self-employed because he finds working for other people too _____(restrict).
3.The new teacher found it difficult _____(sustain) the children's interest in class.
4.What is most significant is the way in which people live in harmony _____ nature.
5.The taxi driver _____(fine) for failing to give way to passers-by last night.
6.The Nobel Prize in Literature is usually awarded _____(annual) to an author who has produced the most outstanding work in an ideal direction in the field of literature.
7.She is sensitive _____ what people think of her. In other words, she is an unconfident person.
8.As students, we should know how to create and maintain a _____(harmony) dormitory life.
9.Chinese parents won't tolerate their children _____(knock) bowls with chopsticks when having dinner.
10.Now _____ we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour.
二、阅读理解 (共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分)
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse", a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic", Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
1.What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A. Beautifying the city he lives in.
B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
2.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art.
D. To find a substitute for them.
3.What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers in paragraph 4
A. Calming. B. Shocking C. Refreshing D. Challenging.
4.What does the text mainly talk about
A. Artists' opinions on Plastic safety.
B. Media Interest in contemporary art.
C. Responsibility demanded of big companies.
D. Ocean plastics transformed into sculptures.
三、(共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分)
If you're looking for something fun to do, pack a picnic dinner and take your family or friends to a beautiful place to eat. However, there's a wrong trend-view picnics as an excuse to transport food in single-use plastic containers. Sure, it means the clean-up is easy at the moment, but it just puts it off to a later point, when it takes the form of the volunteer clean-up and landfill management. ①_____ What follows is advice on how to pack such a picnic.
●Use food containers wisely
Using reusable containers is the easiest way to reduce waste. ②_____ For example, to reduce packaging, you can take along things like a loaf of bread, a whole watermelon, whole vegetables, a knife and a board to cut your food when you're ready to eat. These things don't have to be done and sealed before you leave the house.
●Choose real cutlery(餐具)
Using washable dishes and cutlery for a picnic does not require much more work than single-use ones.
You'd have to carry the waste out anyway in a trash bag, so why not pack your dirty plates and cutlery into a bag and put them in the dishwasher at home ③_____
●Think about the drinks
Forget the single-use, single-serve drink bottles. ④_____ Fill a large thermos (保温瓶) or personal water bottles with water, juice or lemonade at pared with a single-use plastic cup, they have the added advantage of keeping your drinks cold for longer.
●Put cloth bags to good use
Cloth bags are amazing. I use them for so much more than just buying food at the store. They're perfect for packing sandwiches, dried or fresh fruit, and other snack foods. You can use them to pack glasses or plates to prevent breaking. They can also work as a napkin, tea towel, or garbage bag if needed. ⑤_____
A.Be sure to add a few to your picnic basket.
B.There are some healthy dishes you can make or buy.
C.To avoid this, a plastic-free picnic can be a brilliant idea.
D.If you're worried about breaking, take some light camping plates.
E. Instead, just bring along a tablecloth to spread on the ground.
F.These create a huge amount of waste, which can be easily avoided.
G.In addition, keep in mind that you don't have to pre-pack everything.
四、书面表达 (满分20分)
假如你是李华。你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行垃圾分类的研究。他来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况,请给Peter写一封邮件,告诉他相关信息,邮件内容包括:
1.写邮件的目的;
2.垃圾分类的实施情况;
3.你对垃圾分类的看法。
注意:
1.词数80左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：be broadcast/ broadcasted
解析：句意:音乐会明晚将进行现场直播。broadcast和concert是动宾关系,故用被动语态。
2.答案：restrictive
解析：句意:他自谋职业是因为他觉得为别人打工限制性太强。restrictive限制性的;约束的。
3.答案：to sustain
解析：句意:这位新老师发现在课堂上维持孩子们的兴趣点很难。it为形式宾语,故用动词不定式作真正的宾语。
4.答案：with
解析：考查介词。句意:最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式。live in harmony with...与……和谐相处。故填with。
5.答案：was fined
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:这个出租车司机昨晚因没有给行人让路而被罚款。空格处作句子的谓语,由句子的时间状语last night可知这里应用一般过去时,且fine与主语The taxi driver为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,故填was fined。
6.答案：annually
解析：考查副词。句意:诺贝尔文学奖通常每年颁发给在文学领域中创作出具有理想方向的最杰出的作品的作家。空格处作状语,故用副词形式,表示“每年”。故填 annually。
7.答案：to/about
解析：考查介词。句意:她对于别人对她的看法很敏感。换句话说,她是一个缺乏自信的人。Be sensitive to/about...意为“对……神经过敏;易因……生气”。故填to或about。
8.答案：harmonious
解析：考查形容词。句意:作为学生,我们应该知道如何创造并维持一种和谐的宿舍生活。设空处作定语,修饰其后的dormitory life,应用形容词harmonious。
9.答案：knocking
解析：句意:中国的父母不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗。tolerate后接动词时要用-ing形式, their children是knocking的逻辑主语。
10.答案：that
解析：句意:既然我们都是地球村的一部分,每个人都成为邻居。now that既然。
二、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话"He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products."(他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系。)可知，Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑，是想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话"Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled."(塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源，但最近它们受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要它们来喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量重，无法回收。)可知，塑料吸管体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。由此推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的难度。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled 'Truckload of Plastic,' Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once."(在2018年的一篇文章中,Von Wong想展示一个具体的统计数据:每60秒,一卡车的塑料进入海洋。在这项名为"一卡车塑料"的工作中,Von Wong和一群志愿者收集了1万多块塑料,然后将它们绑在一起,看起来就像是从卡车上一下子卸下来的一样。)可推知,这样的景象很有震撼性。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段"He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products."(他用塑料垃圾建造了大量的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)可知，本文主要讲述海洋里的塑料牢记被环保主义者做成一个巨型雕塑，及其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。所以D项"海洋塑料变成了雕像。"可以概括文章的主旨。故选D。
三、
答案：CGDFA
解析：①过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:当然,这意味着目前的清理工作很容易,但这只是把它推迟到以后,那时候它表现为志愿者清理和垃圾填埋管理的形式。→①_____→以下是关于如何打包这样的野餐的建议。C项“为了避免这种情况,无塑料野餐是一个很好的主意。”承上启下,符合语境。
②细节句。设空处上文提到“使用可重复使用的容器是减少浪费最简单的方法”,设空处下文提到“比如,为了减少包装,你可以随身携带一些东西,像一条面包、一整个西瓜、整个的蔬菜、当你准备吃东西的时候用来切食物的刀和板。这些东西在你离开家之前都不必处理和密封”,G项“此外,记住,你不必预先打包所有的东西。”与上文是递进关系,且与下文内容所述意义一致。
③细节句。设空处上文提到“无论如何,你都得把垃圾装进垃圾袋里带走,所以为什么不把脏盘子和餐具装进袋子里,然后把它们放进家里的洗碗机里呢 ”,D项“如果你担心打碎(盘子),带一些轻的露营盘子。”承接上文,进一步补充说明人们自带餐具可能会产生的担忧,并给出了解决措施。
④过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:忘记那些一次性使用、一次性服务的饮料瓶。→④_____→在家里把一个大保温瓶或个人水瓶装满水、果汁或柠檬味汽水。与一次性塑料杯相比,它们还有额外的优势,可以让你的饮料保持更长时间的低温。F项“这些造成大量的浪费,这是能够很容易避免的。”承上启下,符合语境。F项中的These 指代上文提到的drink bottles。
⑤细节句。设空处上文提到“它们非常适合包装三明治、干果或新鲜水果以及其他零食。你可以用它们来包装杯子或盘子,,以防止破碎。如果需要的话,它们也可以用作餐巾、茶巾或垃圾袋”,这是在讲述布袋的益处,A项“一定要在你的野餐篮子里加几个。”是对上文的补充,讲完益处之后讲对应的做法。故选A。
四、
答案：
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to hear from you. I'm more than happy to share something about garbage sorting in our community.
Living in a nice environment is our common goal. So garbage sorting has been practised in our community. We put wastes into relevant rubbish bins painted in different colors. To be specific, throw harmful wastes such as waste batteries into the red rubbish bin. The blue one is for waste paper and bottles. We throw kitchen rubbish into the green one. Thanks to the effort, our community has been getting cleaner and fresher.
However, garbage sorting in some communities is not as good as expected. To solve the problem, we should strengthen the public's awareness and sense of responsibility for environmental protection. Besides, it is urgent that relevant laws should be introduced.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
一、填空题 (共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分)
1.The concert will _____(broadcast) live tomorrow evening.
2.He is self-employed because he finds working for other people too _____(restrict).
3.The new teacher found it difficult _____(sustain) the children's interest in class.
4.What is most significant is the way in which people live in harmony _____ nature.
5.The taxi driver _____(fine) for failing to give way to passers-by last night.
6.The Nobel Prize in Literature is usually awarded _____(annual) to an author who has produced the most outstanding work in an ideal direction in the field of literature.
7.She is sensitive _____ what people think of her. In other words, she is an unconfident person.
8.As students, we should know how to create and maintain a _____(harmony) dormitory life.
9.Chinese parents won't tolerate their children _____(knock) bowls with chopsticks when having dinner.
10.Now _____ we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour.
二、阅读理解 (共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分)
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse", a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic", Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
1.What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A. Beautifying the city he lives in.
B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
2.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art.
D. To find a substitute for them.
3.What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers in paragraph 4
A. Calming. B. Shocking C. Refreshing D. Challenging.
4.What does the text mainly talk about
A. Artists' opinions on Plastic safety.
B. Media Interest in contemporary art.
C. Responsibility demanded of big companies.
D. Ocean plastics transformed into sculptures.
三、(共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分)
If you're looking for something fun to do, pack a picnic dinner and take your family or friends to a beautiful place to eat. However, there's a wrong trend-view picnics as an excuse to transport food in single-use plastic containers. Sure, it means the clean-up is easy at the moment, but it just puts it off to a later point, when it takes the form of the volunteer clean-up and landfill management. ①_____ What follows is advice on how to pack such a picnic.
●Use food containers wisely
Using reusable containers is the easiest way to reduce waste. ②_____ For example, to reduce packaging, you can take along things like a loaf of bread, a whole watermelon, whole vegetables, a knife and a board to cut your food when you're ready to eat. These things don't have to be done and sealed before you leave the house.
●Choose real cutlery(餐具)
Using washable dishes and cutlery for a picnic does not require much more work than single-use ones.
You'd have to carry the waste out anyway in a trash bag, so why not pack your dirty plates and cutlery into a bag and put them in the dishwasher at home ③_____
●Think about the drinks
Forget the single-use, single-serve drink bottles. ④_____ Fill a large thermos (保温瓶) or personal water bottles with water, juice or lemonade at pared with a single-use plastic cup, they have the added advantage of keeping your drinks cold for longer.
●Put cloth bags to good use
Cloth bags are amazing. I use them for so much more than just buying food at the store. They're perfect for packing sandwiches, dried or fresh fruit, and other snack foods. You can use them to pack glasses or plates to prevent breaking. They can also work as a napkin, tea towel, or garbage bag if needed. ⑤_____
A.Be sure to add a few to your picnic basket.
B.There are some healthy dishes you can make or buy.
C.To avoid this, a plastic-free picnic can be a brilliant idea.
D.If you're worried about breaking, take some light camping plates.
E. Instead, just bring along a tablecloth to spread on the ground.
F.These create a huge amount of waste, which can be easily avoided.
G.In addition, keep in mind that you don't have to pre-pack everything.
四、书面表达 (满分20分)
假如你是李华。你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行垃圾分类的研究。他来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况,请给Peter写一封邮件,告诉他相关信息,邮件内容包括:
1.写邮件的目的;
2.垃圾分类的实施情况;
3.你对垃圾分类的看法。
注意:
1.词数80左右。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：be broadcast/ broadcasted
解析：句意:音乐会明晚将进行现场直播。broadcast和concert是动宾关系,故用被动语态。
2.答案：restrictive
解析：句意:他自谋职业是因为他觉得为别人打工限制性太强。restrictive限制性的;约束的。
3.答案：to sustain
解析：句意:这位新老师发现在课堂上维持孩子们的兴趣点很难。it为形式宾语,故用动词不定式作真正的宾语。
4.答案：with
解析：考查介词。句意:最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式。live in harmony with...与……和谐相处。故填with。
5.答案：was fined
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:这个出租车司机昨晚因没有给行人让路而被罚款。空格处作句子的谓语,由句子的时间状语last night可知这里应用一般过去时,且fine与主语The taxi driver为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,故填was fined。
6.答案：annually
解析：考查副词。句意:诺贝尔文学奖通常每年颁发给在文学领域中创作出具有理想方向的最杰出的作品的作家。空格处作状语,故用副词形式,表示“每年”。故填 annually。
7.答案：to/about
解析：考查介词。句意:她对于别人对她的看法很敏感。换句话说,她是一个缺乏自信的人。Be sensitive to/about...意为“对……神经过敏;易因……生气”。故填to或about。
8.答案：harmonious
解析：考查形容词。句意:作为学生,我们应该知道如何创造并维持一种和谐的宿舍生活。设空处作定语,修饰其后的dormitory life,应用形容词harmonious。
9.答案：knocking
解析：句意:中国的父母不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗。tolerate后接动词时要用-ing形式, their children是knocking的逻辑主语。
10.答案：that
解析：句意:既然我们都是地球村的一部分,每个人都成为邻居。now that既然。
二、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话"He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products."(他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系。)可知，Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑，是想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话"Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled."(塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源，但最近它们受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要它们来喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量重，无法回收。)可知，塑料吸管体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。由此推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的难度。故选A。
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled 'Truckload of Plastic,' Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once."(在2018年的一篇文章中,Von Wong想展示一个具体的统计数据:每60秒,一卡车的塑料进入海洋。在这项名为"一卡车塑料"的工作中,Von Wong和一群志愿者收集了1万多块塑料,然后将它们绑在一起,看起来就像是从卡车上一下子卸下来的一样。)可推知,这样的景象很有震撼性。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段"He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products."(他用塑料垃圾建造了大量的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)可知，本文主要讲述海洋里的塑料牢记被环保主义者做成一个巨型雕塑，及其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。所以D项"海洋塑料变成了雕像。"可以概括文章的主旨。故选D。
三、
答案：CGDFA
解析：①过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:当然,这意味着目前的清理工作很容易,但这只是把它推迟到以后,那时候它表现为志愿者清理和垃圾填埋管理的形式。→①_____→以下是关于如何打包这样的野餐的建议。C项“为了避免这种情况,无塑料野餐是一个很好的主意。”承上启下,符合语境。
②细节句。设空处上文提到“使用可重复使用的容器是减少浪费最简单的方法”,设空处下文提到“比如,为了减少包装,你可以随身携带一些东西,像一条面包、一整个西瓜、整个的蔬菜、当你准备吃东西的时候用来切食物的刀和板。这些东西在你离开家之前都不必处理和密封”,G项“此外,记住,你不必预先打包所有的东西。”与上文是递进关系,且与下文内容所述意义一致。
③细节句。设空处上文提到“无论如何,你都得把垃圾装进垃圾袋里带走,所以为什么不把脏盘子和餐具装进袋子里,然后把它们放进家里的洗碗机里呢 ”,D项“如果你担心打碎(盘子),带一些轻的露营盘子。”承接上文,进一步补充说明人们自带餐具可能会产生的担忧,并给出了解决措施。
④过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:忘记那些一次性使用、一次性服务的饮料瓶。→④_____→在家里把一个大保温瓶或个人水瓶装满水、果汁或柠檬味汽水。与一次性塑料杯相比,它们还有额外的优势,可以让你的饮料保持更长时间的低温。F项“这些造成大量的浪费,这是能够很容易避免的。”承上启下,符合语境。F项中的These 指代上文提到的drink bottles。
⑤细节句。设空处上文提到“它们非常适合包装三明治、干果或新鲜水果以及其他零食。你可以用它们来包装杯子或盘子,,以防止破碎。如果需要的话,它们也可以用作餐巾、茶巾或垃圾袋”,这是在讲述布袋的益处,A项“一定要在你的野餐篮子里加几个。”是对上文的补充,讲完益处之后讲对应的做法。故选A。
四、
答案：
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to hear from you. I'm more than happy to share something about garbage sorting in our community.
Living in a nice environment is our common goal. So garbage sorting has been practised in our community. We put wastes into relevant rubbish bins painted in different colors. To be specific, throw harmful wastes such as waste batteries into the red rubbish bin. The blue one is for waste paper and bottles. We throw kitchen rubbish into the green one. Thanks to the effort, our community has been getting cleaner and fresher.
However, garbage sorting in some communities is not as good as expected. To solve the problem, we should strengthen the public's awareness and sense of responsibility for environmental protection. Besides, it is urgent that relevant laws should be introduced.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua