人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection单元提升卷（含解析）
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（6）Unit 3 Environmental Protection—2023-2024学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元检测卷
一、填空题 (共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分)
1.As the saying goes, "A journey of a thousand miles begins _____ a single step."
2.When you make a mistake, think about the best way _____ (convey) your apology and gain an opportunity to make things right.
3.Contrary to ______ his mother told him, he made a decision to go to Tibet alone by hiking.
4.Terrible conditions often force us _________ (overcome) our weaknesses over and over again.
5.Normal-speed trains play a vital role in railway transport and also serve as an important choice for passengers, transporting over one-third of all railway passengers _________ (annual).
6.We have entered into an age _________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
7.In the last few years thousands of films _________ (produce) all over the world.
8.The two girls are so alike that strangers find _________ difficult to tell one from the other.
9.I'd appreciate your _________ (write) me back as soon as possible.
10.Two new roads have recently been opened, and several others are _________ construction.
二、阅读理解 (共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分)
Indoor air pollution from cooking and cleaning is a growing concern. Back in 1989, a NASA study found that plants put in sealed rooms could reduce the levels of pollutants, some of which can cause cancer. That finding led to the widespread notion worldwide that adding houseplants to rooms will lower levels of indoor air pollution, but later studies suggest that the effect is too small to make a difference in people's homes.
So, Stuart Strand at the University of Washington in Seattle decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme (酶) that breaks down a wide range of pollutants. This approach boosted the effect several times. But even so, to make a meaningful difference, Strand concluded that a fan would be needed to move air over the plants.
Now, a start-up enterprise called Neoplants has created another GM pothos. It has two added genes from bacteria as well as extra copies of some of the plant's own genes. This enables it to breakdown certain harmful air pollutants, the company says.
Comprehensive tests done in cooperation with the University of Lille in France suggest that the plants are 30 times better at removing these air pollutants than the best plants tested by NASA, says Patrick Torbey of Neoplants. The firm released a paper last week describing its work, but hasn't submitted it to a scientific journal.
"This new paper looks pretty good," says Strand. It isn't possible to directly compare the effectiveness of his GM pothos with that of Neoplants's one as different tests were done, he says.
It remains unclear whether Neoplants's pothos will make any difference in an actual home. But Torbey says the company is setting up a research facility near Paris that will include two "bedrooms" to test this.
1.What did the NASA study in 1989 find
A.Sealed rooms contained air pollutants.
B.Sealed rooms could be cleaned by plants.
C.Plants could lower the levels of pollutants.
D.Plants could cure cancer caused by pollutants.
2.How does Stuart Strand improve the golden pothos
A.By breaking down pollutants. B.By moving the air over the plants.
C.By modifying the genes of the plants. D.By using the power of golden pothos.
3.What can we know about GM pothos from Paragraph 4
A.Its satisfying effect.
B.Its practical application.
C.Expectations of future studies.
D.Limitations of copies of some plants' genes.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.A new approach to solving air problems
B. Houseplants improved to clean pollutants
C.Scientists testing plants to reduce pollution
D.Genetically modified versions of houseplants
三、(共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分)
Life is full of surprises and events that sometimes change one's daily routine. Some of them might be good and pleasant. ①_____ The unexpected events may cause you anxiety and stress. So you need to find some ways to be less affected by them.
②_____ Even if you live the same kind of life, doing the same things day after day, there could be unexpected events. So you need to realize that such events can't be avoided and you need to be prepared for them. In this way, you'll find it easier to deal with whatever happens in your life.
Have a positive attitude. Not all unexpected events are bad. ③_____ For example, even getting fired for work could finally turn out well, as you might find a more satisfying job.
Always focus on the present moment, learning from it and making use of changes that come your way. In other words, make the most of the present moment, instead of thinking about what you lost, or how bad the situation is. ④_____
Introduce small changes into your life. ⑤_____ You can try eating a different breakfast or drink tea in the morning instead of coffee, or do things that you usually do, but in a different way.
A. This is useless and is a waste of time.
B. Admit the fact that unexpected events are part of life.
C. However, there are some that are bad and unpleasant.
D. Think before speaking when facing unexpected events.
E. This will help you deal more easily with unexpected events.
F. Sometimes what seems like a problem could be a good thing.
G. It would be much more useful to think about the new situation.
四、书面表达 (满分20分)
假定你是学生会主席,你校计划本周六举行主题为“保护环境,人人有责”的演讲比赛,请你为校英文报写一则通知,内容包括:
1.比赛的时间、地点;
2.参赛人员;
3.就如何准备提出建议。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Notice
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：with
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：常言道，"千里之行，始于足下。"begin with...表示"以……开始"。
2.答案：to convey
解析：考查非谓语动词。the way to do sth."做某事的方法"，故填to convey。
3.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：与母亲告诉他的相反，他决定独自徒步去西藏。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，因此填what。
4.答案：to overcome
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：恶劣的条件常常迫使我们一次又一次克服弱点。force sb. to do sth.是常用搭配，意为"迫使某人做某事"。
5.答案：annually
解析：考查词形转换。句意：普速列车在铁路运输中发挥着重要作用，同时也是乘客的重要选择，每年运送超过三分之一的铁路旅客。根据句意可知，空处应用副词作状语。
6.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
7.答案：have been produced
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,世界各地制作了成千上万部电影。films与produce之间是被动关系,又根据时间状语In the last few years 可知,句子应该用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为films,是复数名词,谓语动词应用复数,故填have been produced。
8.答案：it
解析：考查代词。句意：这两个女孩长得如此相像，以至于陌生人觉得很难把她们区分开。本句中设空处用在find后作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to tell one from the other，故填it。
9.答案：writing
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：如果你能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。分析句子结构可知，空处填动名词， appreciate one’s doing是固定搭配，意为"感谢某人做……"，故填 writing。
10.答案：under
解析：句意:最近开通了两条新的公路,还有几条正在建设中。under construction在建设中。
二、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“早在1989年,美国国家航空航天局的一项研究发现,把植物放在密封的房间里可以降低污染物的水平,其中一些污染物能够致癌”可知植物可以降低污染物的水平,故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Stuart Strand... decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme"可知,Stuart Strand 通过增加一种兔子的肝酶基因来改良绿萝,即通过调整植物的基因来改良绿萝。故选C。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。第四段中提到了转基因绿萝清除空气污染物的能力比美国国家航空航天局测试的最好的植物强30倍,这是在说转基因绿萝让人满意的清除空气污染物的效果。故选A。
4.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文第一段主要提出了“室内植物有降低污染物水平的能力”这样一个观点,下文主要介绍了Stuart Strand和Neoplants公司通过调整植物的基因来提升其降低污染物水平的能力,所以B项“被改良以清洁污染物的室内植物”最适合作为本文标题,故选B。
三、
答案：①-⑤ CBFAE
解析：①空前一句讲生活中的一些事情可能是好的、令人愉快的,空后一句又讲意想不到的事情可能会引起你的焦虑和压力。C项内容表转折,连接上下文,故选C。
②本段主要讲了意外事件的发生是不可避免的,所以B项"承认意外的事情是生活的一部分这个事实"适合作本段的中心句。另外B项中的unexpected events也和空后一句中的unexpected events相呼应。
③空前讲并不是所有意外的事情都是坏的,空后举例说你被解雇了到最后也会是好的,因为你可能会找到更满意的工作。F项"有时候,看起来像是问题的事情可能会是件好的事情"与上下文联系紧密。
④空前讲要充分利用现在的时间,而不要想过去失去了什么或者情形是怎样糟糕。A项"这是没用的,而且还浪费时间"是对上文内容的总结,故选A。
⑤空前讲生活中做些小小的改变,空后举例说明具体的做法。E项"这将帮助你更容易处理意外的事情"是这样做的好处,符合语境并衔接上下文。
四、
答案：
Notice
To raise people's awareness of protecting our environment, our school organizes a speech contest titled “Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility”.
The contest is to be held in our lecture hall this Saturday. Everyone in our school can take part. It is strongly recommended that you should talk about garbage sorting, which helps improve the recycling of the waste and protect the environment. If you have a passion for this topic, please sign up for the contest as soon as possible.
The Students' Union
一、填空题 (共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分)
1.As the saying goes, "A journey of a thousand miles begins _____ a single step."
2.When you make a mistake, think about the best way _____ (convey) your apology and gain an opportunity to make things right.
3.Contrary to ______ his mother told him, he made a decision to go to Tibet alone by hiking.
4.Terrible conditions often force us _________ (overcome) our weaknesses over and over again.
5.Normal-speed trains play a vital role in railway transport and also serve as an important choice for passengers, transporting over one-third of all railway passengers _________ (annual).
6.We have entered into an age _________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
7.In the last few years thousands of films _________ (produce) all over the world.
8.The two girls are so alike that strangers find _________ difficult to tell one from the other.
9.I'd appreciate your _________ (write) me back as soon as possible.
10.Two new roads have recently been opened, and several others are _________ construction.
二、阅读理解 (共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分)
Indoor air pollution from cooking and cleaning is a growing concern. Back in 1989, a NASA study found that plants put in sealed rooms could reduce the levels of pollutants, some of which can cause cancer. That finding led to the widespread notion worldwide that adding houseplants to rooms will lower levels of indoor air pollution, but later studies suggest that the effect is too small to make a difference in people's homes.
So, Stuart Strand at the University of Washington in Seattle decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme (酶) that breaks down a wide range of pollutants. This approach boosted the effect several times. But even so, to make a meaningful difference, Strand concluded that a fan would be needed to move air over the plants.
Now, a start-up enterprise called Neoplants has created another GM pothos. It has two added genes from bacteria as well as extra copies of some of the plant's own genes. This enables it to breakdown certain harmful air pollutants, the company says.
Comprehensive tests done in cooperation with the University of Lille in France suggest that the plants are 30 times better at removing these air pollutants than the best plants tested by NASA, says Patrick Torbey of Neoplants. The firm released a paper last week describing its work, but hasn't submitted it to a scientific journal.
"This new paper looks pretty good," says Strand. It isn't possible to directly compare the effectiveness of his GM pothos with that of Neoplants's one as different tests were done, he says.
It remains unclear whether Neoplants's pothos will make any difference in an actual home. But Torbey says the company is setting up a research facility near Paris that will include two "bedrooms" to test this.
1.What did the NASA study in 1989 find
A.Sealed rooms contained air pollutants.
B.Sealed rooms could be cleaned by plants.
C.Plants could lower the levels of pollutants.
D.Plants could cure cancer caused by pollutants.
2.How does Stuart Strand improve the golden pothos
A.By breaking down pollutants. B.By moving the air over the plants.
C.By modifying the genes of the plants. D.By using the power of golden pothos.
3.What can we know about GM pothos from Paragraph 4
A.Its satisfying effect.
B.Its practical application.
C.Expectations of future studies.
D.Limitations of copies of some plants' genes.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.A new approach to solving air problems
B. Houseplants improved to clean pollutants
C.Scientists testing plants to reduce pollution
D.Genetically modified versions of houseplants
三、(共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分)
Life is full of surprises and events that sometimes change one's daily routine. Some of them might be good and pleasant. ①_____ The unexpected events may cause you anxiety and stress. So you need to find some ways to be less affected by them.
②_____ Even if you live the same kind of life, doing the same things day after day, there could be unexpected events. So you need to realize that such events can't be avoided and you need to be prepared for them. In this way, you'll find it easier to deal with whatever happens in your life.
Have a positive attitude. Not all unexpected events are bad. ③_____ For example, even getting fired for work could finally turn out well, as you might find a more satisfying job.
Always focus on the present moment, learning from it and making use of changes that come your way. In other words, make the most of the present moment, instead of thinking about what you lost, or how bad the situation is. ④_____
Introduce small changes into your life. ⑤_____ You can try eating a different breakfast or drink tea in the morning instead of coffee, or do things that you usually do, but in a different way.
A. This is useless and is a waste of time.
B. Admit the fact that unexpected events are part of life.
C. However, there are some that are bad and unpleasant.
D. Think before speaking when facing unexpected events.
E. This will help you deal more easily with unexpected events.
F. Sometimes what seems like a problem could be a good thing.
G. It would be much more useful to think about the new situation.
四、书面表达 (满分20分)
假定你是学生会主席,你校计划本周六举行主题为“保护环境,人人有责”的演讲比赛,请你为校英文报写一则通知,内容包括:
1.比赛的时间、地点;
2.参赛人员;
3.就如何准备提出建议。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Notice
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：with
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：常言道，"千里之行，始于足下。"begin with...表示"以……开始"。
2.答案：to convey
解析：考查非谓语动词。the way to do sth."做某事的方法"，故填to convey。
3.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：与母亲告诉他的相反，他决定独自徒步去西藏。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，因此填what。
4.答案：to overcome
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：恶劣的条件常常迫使我们一次又一次克服弱点。force sb. to do sth.是常用搭配，意为"迫使某人做某事"。
5.答案：annually
解析：考查词形转换。句意：普速列车在铁路运输中发挥着重要作用，同时也是乘客的重要选择，每年运送超过三分之一的铁路旅客。根据句意可知，空处应用副词作状语。
6.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
7.答案：have been produced
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,世界各地制作了成千上万部电影。films与produce之间是被动关系,又根据时间状语In the last few years 可知,句子应该用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为films,是复数名词,谓语动词应用复数,故填have been produced。
8.答案：it
解析：考查代词。句意：这两个女孩长得如此相像，以至于陌生人觉得很难把她们区分开。本句中设空处用在find后作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to tell one from the other，故填it。
9.答案：writing
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：如果你能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。分析句子结构可知，空处填动名词， appreciate one’s doing是固定搭配，意为"感谢某人做……"，故填 writing。
10.答案：under
解析：句意:最近开通了两条新的公路,还有几条正在建设中。under construction在建设中。
二、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“早在1989年,美国国家航空航天局的一项研究发现,把植物放在密封的房间里可以降低污染物的水平,其中一些污染物能够致癌”可知植物可以降低污染物的水平,故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Stuart Strand... decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme"可知,Stuart Strand 通过增加一种兔子的肝酶基因来改良绿萝,即通过调整植物的基因来改良绿萝。故选C。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。第四段中提到了转基因绿萝清除空气污染物的能力比美国国家航空航天局测试的最好的植物强30倍,这是在说转基因绿萝让人满意的清除空气污染物的效果。故选A。
4.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文第一段主要提出了“室内植物有降低污染物水平的能力”这样一个观点,下文主要介绍了Stuart Strand和Neoplants公司通过调整植物的基因来提升其降低污染物水平的能力,所以B项“被改良以清洁污染物的室内植物”最适合作为本文标题,故选B。
三、
答案：①-⑤ CBFAE
解析：①空前一句讲生活中的一些事情可能是好的、令人愉快的,空后一句又讲意想不到的事情可能会引起你的焦虑和压力。C项内容表转折,连接上下文,故选C。
②本段主要讲了意外事件的发生是不可避免的,所以B项"承认意外的事情是生活的一部分这个事实"适合作本段的中心句。另外B项中的unexpected events也和空后一句中的unexpected events相呼应。
③空前讲并不是所有意外的事情都是坏的,空后举例说你被解雇了到最后也会是好的,因为你可能会找到更满意的工作。F项"有时候,看起来像是问题的事情可能会是件好的事情"与上下文联系紧密。
④空前讲要充分利用现在的时间,而不要想过去失去了什么或者情形是怎样糟糕。A项"这是没用的,而且还浪费时间"是对上文内容的总结,故选A。
⑤空前讲生活中做些小小的改变,空后举例说明具体的做法。E项"这将帮助你更容易处理意外的事情"是这样做的好处,符合语境并衔接上下文。
四、
答案：
Notice
To raise people's awareness of protecting our environment, our school organizes a speech contest titled “Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility”.
The contest is to be held in our lecture hall this Saturday. Everyone in our school can take part. It is strongly recommended that you should talk about garbage sorting, which helps improve the recycling of the waste and protect the environment. If you have a passion for this topic, please sign up for the contest as soon as possible.
The Students' Union