(共8张PPT)
UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
语篇类型 1.记叙文:FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS。
2.新闻报道。
3.其他类型:视频、音频、图片等
语言知识 语音 辅音连缀:词首连缀和词尾连缀
主题
词汇 文化遗产:heritage temple relic mount archaeologist pyramid dragon cave tradition Aswan Dam the Nile Egypt Egyptian
文化遗产描述:creative former historic loss issue disappear worthwhile quality likely within overseas entrance exit sheet mirror roof throughout all over the world comparison contrast
文化遗产保护:preserve promote protest committee establish limit contribution department conduct prevent ... from ... donate ... to ... attempt make sure parade keep balance fund investigate professional process take part in
give way to lead to make a proposal turn to further identify
历史文化的传承:document download digital image opinion quote paraphrase
forever
语法
限制性定语从句(3)
语言知识 语篇 1.新闻报道的常见文体结构、标题特征和语言特点;
2.描述事件发展过程的叙事记叙文的文体特征及语言特点
语用 如何开始一个话题:
I beg your pardon, but ...
Forgive me for asking, but ...
Excuse me, but what is ...
Excuse me. Could you please tell me about ...
Do/Did you know ...
I see that you are ...
文化知识 通过对中外文化遗产的了解,增强保护文化遗产的意识,并积极参与其中
语言技能 1.在听的过程中根据上下文猜测词义;
2.根据所读内容,制作“时间线”,理解事物发展的过程及事件之间的相互联系;
3.通过观看图片、视频,能够理解非文字资源所传达的意义;
4.能够自然得体地启动交谈或讨论;
5.能够写简单的新闻报道
学习策略 1.掌握通过上下文语境猜测词义的方法;
2.通过制作“时间线”理解不同事件之间的联系;
3.通过本单元对历史文化遗产的介绍和描述,掌握有关历史文化遗产保护方面的新闻报道的写作方法和技 巧等
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. If you preserve( ) a situation or condition, you make sure that it remains as it is, and does not change.
2. I happened to meet my former( ) English teacher this morning, who taught me English 12 years ago.
3. He is a creative( ) boy. He made many model planes that you would never imagine.
4. If people promote( ) something, they help or encourage it to happen, increase, or spread.
维护；维 持
以前的
有创造力的
促进
5. An application( ) for something such as a job or membership of an organisation is a formal written request for it.
6. A country’s heritage( ) is all the qualities, traditions, or features of life that have continued over many years and have been passed on from one generation to another.
7. He mounted( ) his horse and rode away.
8. A clue( ) to a problem or mystery is something that helps you to find the answer to it.
申请
遗产
骑上
线索
Pronunciation: Listen and repeat.
1. Read the following words. Try to find the characteristics(特点) of consonant clusters.
词首连缀:school black close flat friend bright dress free
词尾连缀:books asked sings tests fields stopped seemed
(1)辅音连缀是指在同一意群内(通常为一个单词内),有两个或两个以上的________音素结合在一起的一种语音现象。
(2)朗读时,任何两个辅音间都不能加上________。如:把friend一词的音标/frend/误读成/f rend/。出现辅音连缀情况时,正确的方法是第一个音(或第一、第二个音)要读得轻而短,很快过渡到第二个音(或第三个音)上去。
辅音
元音音素
called spring missed gifts pretends block flow
hosts French songs trouble snake quite
2. Read the following words carefully, and then divide them into two groups.
第一组(词首连缀): _______________________________________________
第二组(词尾连缀): _______________________________________________
spring, pretends, block, flow, French, trouble, snake, quite
called, missed, gifts, pretends,hosts, songs
辅音连缀的发音特点
(1)两个辅音之间不能停顿,几乎同时发音;
(2)两个辅音中间不能加入元音音素;
(3)前面的辅音要读得轻一些、短一些;
(4)/sp/、/spr/、/sk/、/skr/、/st/、/str/等中的/p/、/k/、/t/等清辅音在这些辅音连缀中呈现浊化,读成对应的浊辅音/b/、/g/、/d/。(共26张PPT)
1. forgive
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
【观察思考】
I’ll never forgive him for what he did, which made me suffer a great loss.
我绝不会原谅他做的事情,它使我遭受了巨大的损失。
Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.
请原谅我打岔,不过我确实不同意那一点。
He didn’t look the sort of man to forgive and forget.
他看上去不是那种不记仇的人。
My father is a kind and forgiving man.
我父亲是个善良宽容的人。
He begged forgiveness for what he had done.
他乞求饶恕他的所作所为。
【探究总结】
(1)forgive vt. & vi. 原谅;宽恕 vt. 对不起;请原谅
①forgive sb原谅/宽恕某人
②forgive sb ______ (doing) sth原谅某人做某事
③forgive and forget摒弃前嫌
(2)forgiving adj. 宽容的;宽大的
(3)forgiveness n. 原谅;宽恕
for
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①Forgive yourself_______ mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
②He never forgave her for __________(walk) out on him.
(2)翻译句子。
①真的非常抱歉,我得走了。
__________________________________________________________
②我觉得他心胸不够宽广。
__________________________________________________________
for
walking
I do hope you’ll forgive me, but I have to leave.
I don’t think he is in a very forgiving mood.
2. quality
Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. (教材P8)
1994年该国际项目启动以来,团队已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
The professional player has many good qualities and has made a great contribution to sports.
这位职业运动员有很多优秀的品质并为运动做出了巨大的贡献。
The product is of high quality and is not expensive, either.
这种产品质量好而且也不贵。
Price differences are used as a proxy for differences in quality.
一分钱一分货。
The photo reminds me of the quality time we spent in America.
这张照片使我想起了我们在美国度过的美好时光。
【探究总结】
quality n. 质量;品质;素质;特征adj. 优质的;高质量的
(1)of good/high quality ______________
(2)in quality____________
质量好/高品质
在质量方面
【应用实践】
根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
①这家工厂现在可以生产高质量的仪器了。
The factory is now able to produce instruments ______ ______ ______.
②诚实是他的美德之一。
Honesty is ___ ___ ___ ______ ________.
③学生作业的水平参不齐。
The students’ work varies considerably _____ ______.
of high quality
one of his good qualities
in quality
【观察思考】
What do you think of the researcher’s opinion in the last paragraph (教材P8)
你认为在最后一段中研究者的意见是什么
In my opinion, it’s worthwhile to take part in this meaningful activity.
依我看,参加这次有意义的活动是值得的。
Everyone had a different opinion on the subject.
大家对这个主题都有不同的看法。
We were invited to give our opinions about how the work should be done.
我们应邀就如何开展工作提出意见。
3. opinion
—He’s a nice man.
—That’s a matter of opinion.
——他这人很不错。
——各人自有看法吧。
【探究总结】
opinion n. 意见;想法;看法
(1)in one's opinion=in the opinion of sb_____________
(2)have an opinion _________ 在……方面有看法
(3)sth is a matter of opinion ___________
在某人看来
on
见仁见智
【应用实践】
根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
①然而,在我看来,这件事他做得不尽如人意。
Well, he’s not making a very good job of it ____ _____ _____.
②在组织班级活动上,我们可能有不同的看法。
We may ______ ______ ______ ______ organizing class activities.
③这是一个事实问题,而不是一个看法不同的问题。
It is a matter of fact, not______ ______ _______ _______.
in my opinion
have different opinions on
a matter of opinion
【观察思考】
Is the human heart weak in comparison with the other organs
与其他器官相比,人的心脏是不是很脆弱
It is hard to make a comparison with her previous book—they are completely different.
这很难与她以前的书相比——两者是截然不同的。
By comparison, expenditure on education increased last year.
相比之下,去年教育经费增加了。
4. comparison
Was it fair to compare independent schools with public schools
拿私立学校与公立学校相比,这样公平吗
Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home.
数据显示,与不经常阅读的人相比,经常阅读的小孩和青少年家里有更多的书。
A strong man is often compared to a lion.
强壮的人通常被比喻为狮子。
【探究总结】
(1)comparison n. 比较;相比
①in comparison with _________
②make a comparison with ___________
③ by comparison (尤用于句首)比较起来;较之
(2)compare vt. 和……相比
①compare ... to/_______ ... 把……和……比较
②compare to __________
和……相比
和……相比较
with
和……相比
【辨析】
短语 用法
compare A with/to B 把A和B进行比较 A和B是同类事物 比较
compare A to B 把A比喻成B A和B不是同类事物 比喻
compared with/to A 和A相比,作状语
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①_______ comparison, we can tell good from bad.
②My room is small _______comparison with yours.
③The poet compared his lover _______a rose in his poem.
By
in
to
写一篇有关文化遗产保护的新闻报道
新闻报道主要报道近期发生的事件,包括五大要素:时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)以及原因(why)。
1. 文章结构
(1)标题:新闻精华,吸引读者。
(2)导语:揭示事件的核心内容,点明五大要素。
(3)主体:报道的主要部分,对导语内容进一步展开和阐释。
(4)结束语:对整篇新闻报道进行总结、说明等。
2. 注意事项
本单元的写作任务是写一篇有关保护文化遗产的新闻报道。在写作时,应以人物或某一团体为描述主体,围绕着这个主体,以时间、空间等为线索,对其行为或所做的事情及其目的进行描述,并能让读者根据其行为、言语等把握新闻主体的情感和思想。
回顾本单元及以前学过的关于新闻报道的文章,总结一下文化遗产保护类新闻报道的常用表达。
1. 词汇
文化遗产:______________________________________________遗产损害:______________________________________________
cultural heritage/relics, resource, ancient/human civilisation, national development, indicator(n. 标志), temple, relics, historic
cause great destruction, disappear/disappearance,
in ruins/pieces, face the danger of
保护措施:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
aim at, preserve, promote, take an active part in, prevent ... from ..., investigate, donate, create, recognise, call on people to ..., protect, repair the damaged heritage, worthwhile, spare no effort
2. 句型
文化遗产介绍和所处的状态:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cultural heritage is an important indicator of national development.
Nowadays, many cultural relics have already been destroyed and
hundreds of others are facing the danger of disappearing.
文化遗产保护措施:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
个人观点和看法:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Various kinds of activities were/are held to ...
Efforts should be made to preserve ...
The protection of national and folk culture is of great significance to ...
It’s urgent for us to take steps/measures to ...
To start with, we should make a law to regulate ...
Besides, we should draw more people’s attention to ..., because ...
Personally speaking, we should take immediate action to ...
It’s high time that we should treasure and develop our own valuable culture.
【审题谋篇】
1. 审题
本题要求写一篇新闻报道,介绍身边熟悉的人物或团体在保护中国文化遗产方面的事迹,时态以一般现在时为主,人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。
2. 谋篇布局
【范文赏读】
Young Protectors
There are varieties of clubs in my school, of which the most popular is “Young Protectors”, a club which aims to preserve the excellent traditional Chinese culture.
Set up in 2019, the club has attracted 820 members until now, including me. Not only do we get together once a week to learn about the cultural heritage, but we pay visits to the local cultural relics regularly. In order to raise people’s awareness of preserving Chinese cultural relics, our club often gives lectures to let more people know that preservation of cultural heritage is of great significance.
As the organiser put it, “It’s our duty to serve as protectors to keep up and carry forward the outstanding cultural heritage of our nation.”
假定你是学校的小记者李华,最近你校以“保护中国传统文化”为主题开展了英语演讲活动,请你就此活动写一篇新闻报道,要点包括:
(1)保护传统文化的重要性;
(2)注重保护传统文化,如京剧(Peking Opera)、书法(Chinese calligraphy)、中药(traditional Chinese medicine)、诗歌(Chinese poetry)等;
(3)采取措施,制定法律,同时使更多人意识到保护传统文化的重要性。
注意:
(1)词数80左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Protecting Traditional Chinese Culture
Recently our school held an English speech about protecting traditional Chinese culture. _______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Most students think the protection of national and folk culture is of great importance to Chinese cultural diversity and also to the harmonious development between economy and society. They believe much attention should be paid to the protection of Chinese traditional culture, such as Peking Opera, Chinese calligraphy, traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese poetry and so on.
They think some measures should be taken immediately to protect traditional culture effectively. To start with, laws should be made to regulate society’s performance. Besides, it’s important to draw more people’s attention to cultural protection.(共16张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
限制性定语从句
一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
【观察思考】
The old man has a son, who is in the army.
I still remember the days when I was in hospital and you looked after me very well.
We walked down the village street, where villagers were having Market Day.
【探究总结】
(1)以上三个句子中,第一句和第三句是非限制性定语从句,因为先行词a son、 the village street后都有逗号。
(2)第二句是关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句,先行词是the days。
(3)第一句是who引导的非限制性定语从句,定语从句中缺少主语,指人,只能用who引导,因为that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
【辨析】
1. 形式不同。限制性定语从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开,而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。
2. 功能不同。限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清,而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整。
3. 先行词不同。限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,而非限制性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是短语或句子。另外,当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时,通常要用非限制性定语从句,而不用限制性定语从句。
4. 关系词不同。关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句。另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时可以省略,而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①English is an important subject, _______ every student should study well.
②She is the new student ______________ I want to introduce to you.
③Do you know the professor ________ is speaking at the meeting
which
that/whom/who
who/that
二、限制性定语从句中关系词的特殊用法
定语从句中关系代词that/which可以充当主语和宾语(充当宾语时可省略),可以指物;而that/who在定语从句中可以充当主语和宾语,指人。不过在具体的使用中我们应该注意以下几个问题。
1. 限制性定语从句中只能用that不能用which的情况
【观察思考】
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
This is the last thing that I want to tell you.
The first English book that I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain.
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
Who is the person that is standing at the gate
【探究总结】
(1)当先行词是不定代词everything、 anything、 nothing、 all、 none、 much、 few、 any、 little等时,或当先行词被every、 any、 all、 few等词修饰时,关系代词一般用that。
(2)先行词被the only、 the very、 the last修饰时,关系代词一般用that。
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词一般用that。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词一般用that。
(5)当主句是以who或which 开始的特殊疑问句时,关系代词一般用that以避免重复。
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①Finally, the thief handed everything _______ he had stolen to the police.
②That's one of the most interesting books ______ are sold in the bookshop.
③My necklace is not the only thing ______ is missing.
that
that
that
2. 限制性定语从句中常用which的情况
【观察思考】
The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down.
I don’t take that which is too expensive.
【探究总结】
(1)当关系代词前使用介词时,关系代词一般用which。
(2)先行词为代词 that 或被that 所修饰时,或一个句子同时有两个定语从句,其中一个是由that引导时,另一个用which,以免重复。
【应用实践】
选择that、which填空。
①I can’t remember the age at _______ he won first prize.
②You can take any room _______ you like.
③The ladder on _______ I am standing was bought in the supermarket.
④He hides all the people and things ______ he knows.
which
that
which
that
三、“介词+which/whom” 引导的定语从句
【观察思考】
Do you remember the day when/on which you joined our club
This is the reason why/for which he gave up the chance.
This is the company where/in which we worked last year.
=This is the company which we worked in last year.
Who's the man whom you just shook hands with
=Who's the man with whom you just shook hands
The man (that/whom) you were talking about has come to our school.
【探究总结】
(1)关系副词(when、 where、 why)可以用“______+which”替换。其中 why=______+which。
(2)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰物时用which而不用that,修饰人时用whom而不用who。
(3)在定语从句中,当关系代词which作介词的宾语时,既可以把介词放在which之前,也可以放在从句的末尾。当介词放在句子的末尾时,关系代词既可以用which也可以用that。
介词
for
含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开,如look after、 take care of、 look at等。如:
Is this the watch which he was looking for (不能说:Is this the watch for which he was looking )
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①Luckily, we’d brought a road map without _______ we would have lost our way.
②He will never forget the day_______ which he was admitted to the Olympic Games for the first time.
③The musicians _____ whom we have great interest toured Europe with us.
which
on
in
四、容易混淆的关系代词和关系副词
【观察思考】
This is the factory where I want to work.
This is the factory that/which I want to visit.
Tell me the reason why you are late.
Is this the reason that/which he told you
I don't like the way that/in which he spoke to his mother.
【探究总结】
(1)先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词时,定语从句不一定要用关系副词。这要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分,若是用作状语则用关系_____词,若是用作主语、宾语等则要用关系_____词。
(2)当先行词是the way 时,如果在定语从句中作状语,则该定语从句常用______、________引导或省略关系词。
副
代
that
in which
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①The old town has narrow streets and small houses __________ are built close to each other.
②A bank is the place ________they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
that/which
where(共42张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking (1)
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. We have established( ) trade relations with many countries, which is good for our economic development.
2. It’s likely( ) that Tom has taken the wrong bus, or he would be here by now.
3. The workers will protest( ). They will strike because it is not fair being paid such a low salary.
建立
有可能
抗议
4. We are sorry for the loss( ) you have suffered and decide to give you $500.
5. Funds( ) are amounts of money that are available to be spent, especially money that is given to an organisation or a person for a particular purpose.
6. Lisa watched until the train disappeared( ) from view.
7. The little boy attempted( ) to jump over the fence, but without success.
8. I had a long wait, but it was worthwhile( ) because I finally got the tickets.
损失
基金;资金
消失
企图;尝试
值得的
9. The policeman decided to investigate( ) everything related to this car accident.
10. There is no limit( ) to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day. That’s to say, you can eat as much as you can.
调查
限制
Ⅱ. 短语含义匹配
( )1. make sure
( )2. donate ... to ...
( )3. turn to ...
( )4. prevent ... from ...
( )5. make a proposal
( )6. give way to
( )7. take part in
( )8. lead to
( )9. keep balance
( )10. take down
A. 保持平衡
B. 参与(某事);参加(某活动)
C. 让步;屈服
D. 导致
E. 提出建议
F. 向……求助
G. 阻止;不准
H. 向……捐赠……
I. 确保;设法保证
J. 拆除;记下
I
H
F
G
E
C
B
D
A
J
Ⅲ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. Your job is to attend all the meetings and report back to the __________ (委员会).
2. We hope you can _________ (建立) business relations with us.
3. The amount of money you have to spend will ______(限制) your choice.
4. You should compensate(赔偿) us for the ____(损失) caused by the late delivery.
5. A company grows with the ____________(贡献) of each employee.
committee
establish
limit
loss
contribution
6. The meeting discussed how to_______(促进) cooperation between the two countries.
7. The task was so easy that I got it over _______(在……之内) one hour.
8. They watched the bus until it_____________(消失) in the distance.
9. Each week we __________(组织) an experiment that explores an important scientific concept.
10. Do not _________(试图) to achieve everything at once.
promote
within
disappeared
conduct
attempt
Ⅳ. 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
1. Employees are supposed to know how to ____________ between work and relaxation.
2. I am well aware(意识到) that he is the one I should ___________ .
3. When you do this, ___________ to choose the right tool.
take part in, give way to, keep balance, make a proposal, turn to, make sure, prevent ... from ..., donate ... to ...
keep balance
turn to
make sure
4. I ________________that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
5. Mrs Smith __________ her husband and bought the car the other day.
6. It is very meaningful that they_______ some money ______ Project Hope.
7. It is high time that we did something to _______ such a scene ______ happening again.
8. He will ____________an important race across the Atlantic.
make a proposal
gave way to
donate
to
prevent
from
take part in
Step 1: Read through the text quickly and answer the following questions.
1. What does the phrase “big challenge” refer to in paragraph 1
_____________________________________________________________
2. Why does the writer say the Aswan Dam project is a great success
_____________________________________________________________
3. What does the writer want to tell us through the text
_____________________________________________________________
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites.
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that didn’t run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
Challenges can sometimes lead to great solutions.
Step 2: Read the text carefully and then choose the best answers.
1. Why did the proposal of building the Aswan Dam lead to protests
A. It would cost too much money.
B. It would pollute the environment.
C. It is against the protection of cultural heritage.
D. It would not benefit the citizens who lived near.
2. When did the Aswan Dam project begin
A. In 1960. B. In 1980.
C. In 1959. D. In 1950.
答案：1. C
答案：2. A
3. What’s the purpose of establishing a committee
A. To manage the money properly.
B. To protect the cultural heritage.
C. To govern the local people.
D. To bring the countries together.
4. What can we know from the last paragraph
A. Doing is better than saying.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. There is no royal way to success.
D. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
答案：3. B
答案：4. B
5. Which of the following shows the correct order
①Temples were taken down.
②A document was signed.
③The government turned to the UN for help.
④A new dam was finally completed.
A. ①→②→③→④
B. ③→②→①→④
C. ③→④→②→①
D. ②→①→③→④
答案：5. B
“时间线”的运用
“时间线”对于掌握不同事件发生的具体时间、把握事件之间存在的内在联系是非常重要的。当遇到文中提到多个事件,且不同事件之间存在着某种必然联系时,不妨把各个事件发生的具体时间、事件的内容等按照时间顺序列出来,从而形成一个“时间线”。通过对“时间线”的具体分析,不仅可以从整体上把握各事件发生的先后顺序,而且还能悟透彼此间的相互联系,有利于增强对宏观内容的把握,从而深刻理解文章内容。如第5题就可利用“时间线”将各个事件的先后顺序理清。
Step 3: Fill in the blanks according to the text.
The 1. of building a new dam The Egyptian government wanted to control 2. , produce electricity and supply water by 3. a new dam.
The process of building the Aswan Dam ·A committee 4. to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the 5. of cultural relics.
·The project brought together 6. ________________and environmentalists
from around the world.
The process of building the Aswan Dam ·Thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 7. and countless cultural relics. Fifty countries 8. nearly $80 million to the project.
The influence and effect ·The Aswan Dam project was a great 9. .
·The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.
·The project successfully prevents cultural relics from 10. .
causes
floods
building
was established
loss
governments
temples
donated
success
disappearing
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. give way to
【观察思考】
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. (教材P4)
新旧更替的时代已经到来,在走向未来的过程中,我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
One of the plane's engines gave out in mid-Atlantic.
飞机飞到大西洋中部时一个发动机失灵了。
Fireflies give off flashes of light when they fly at night.
萤火虫夜间飞行时发出闪光。
John gave all his possessions away.
约翰把他所有的家产都捐了出去。
He gave up his seat to an old man.
他让座给一位老人。
【探究总结】
(1)give way to让步;屈服
(2)give _____ 用完;停止运行;分发
(3)give off ____________
(4)give away ____________
(5)give up ___________
out
发出;放出
赠送;泄露
放弃
【应用实践】
用give的相关短语完成句子。
①Jack coughed day and night. The doctor advised him to ______ ______ smoking.
②After a long argument, we still didn’t ______ _______ ____each other.
③You can help us to _______ ______ the newspaper.
④She______ ________ all her furniture when she went abroad.
give up
give way to
give out
gave away
2. balance
【观察思考】
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. (教材P4)
在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点,并加以保持,这可能是一项巨大的挑战。
He lost his balance, fell off the bicycle, and broke a leg.
他失去了平衡,从自行车上摔下来,摔坏了一条腿。
Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.
妈妈们应该平衡她们工作和休息的时间。
It is important to have a balanced, healthy diet.
均衡、健康的饮食很重要。
【探究总结】
(1)balance n. __________
①_______ (one’s) balance 保持(某人的)平衡
②________ one’s balance 某人失去平衡
(2)balance vt. _________
(3)balanced adj. ___________
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
平衡;均匀
keep
lose
使平衡
均衡的;平衡的
balance 短语形象记忆
keep one’s balance lose one’s balance
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
Nowadays more and more people have come to realise the importance of keeping a _________(balance) diet.
(2)根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
①他失去了平衡,摔倒在地上。
He _________ _________ _________ and fell to the ground.
②在做出最后的决定之前,你最好权衡一下利弊。
Before making the final decision, you _________ _________ _________ the advantages against the disadvantages.
balanced
lost his balance
had better balance
3. lead to
【观察思考】
But the proposal led to protests. (教材P4)
但是,该提案引发了抗议。
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
It was your carelessness that led to missing the first bus the other day.
前几天就是你的粗心才导致了错过第一趟班车。
I'm wondering what led you to believe it.
我一直在纳闷是什么使你相信了它。
【探究总结】
(1)lead to意为 ,其中to是介词,其后需要跟名词或动词-ing形式。
(2)lead sb to do sth意为 ,其中to是不定式符号。
(3)lead的其他搭配:
lead sb to ... 引导某人去……(地方)
lead a ... life 过……的生活
lead sb into ... 带领某人进入……
lead the way 引路;带路
导致;通向
促使某人做某事
With him leading the way, we got there without any difficulty. But for him, we would have been lost, which would lead to serious consequences. His action led us to believe that he was our true friend. 有他带路,我们毫不费力地到达了那里。要不是他,我们就迷路了,这会导致严重的后果。他的行为使我们相信他是我们真正的朋友。
【应用实践】
根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
①你知道导致这次交通堵塞的原因吗
Do you know the reason that _____ ______ ______ ______ _______
②她的劝告使我再次尝试。
Her advice _____ me _____ ______ ______.
led to the traffic jam
led
to try again
4. likely
【观察思考】
Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. (教材P4)
因为大坝泄流可能会损坏许多寺庙,摧毁一批文物,而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。
Dark environment is more likely to encourage overeating.
黑暗的环境更容易助长暴饮暴食。
It isn’t likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
要我接受那样的建议是不大可能的。
【探究总结】
(1)likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地
(2)相关搭配:
①be likely 很可能做……;有希望做……
②It is likely ... 很可能……
to do
that
【辨析】
词条 辨析 搭配
likely 强调表面上看来有可能,与probable意思接近,有时可互换,likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断 Sth/Sb be likely to do ...(主语是人或物);
It is likely that ...
possible 表示客观上有可能,但实际的可能性并不大 It is possible that ...; It is possible (for sb) to do sth
probable 比possible表示的可能性大,指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理 It is probable that ...
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①The doctor said if treated in a proper way, he was likely _________ (save).
②______is likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future.
③As is often the case, Tom, if left alone, is likely ________(cry).
(2)根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
如果你发现你喜欢做办公室之外的事情,你把工作带回家的可能性就小了。
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be ______ ______ ______ _______ your work home.
to be saved
It
to cry
less likely to bring
5. turn to
【观察思考】
After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. (教材P4)
埃及政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大坝附近居民的意见后,于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
请注意下面各句中turn to的含义。
We should turn our thoughts to practical matters.
I had to turn to the dictionary for help.
The old lady turned to me and said, “You are an honest boy.”
After discussing the report, the board(董事会)turned to another important problem.
Please turn to page 15 and let’s read the text.
【探究总结】
(1)turn to sb for help ____________
(2)短语 turn to 含义较多,可表示____________、_______、_______、______、______________等意思。
求助于某人
把……变成
求助于
转向
着手(开始)讨论
翻到
(3)turn的其他常见短语:
turn down调小(音量等);拒绝
turn up出现;到场;调大(音量等)
turn out结果是;证明是;生产(产品)
turn away (把脸)转过去;驱逐
【应用实践】
用turn的相关短语完成句子。
①We agreed to meet here, but so far she hasn’t ______ ______ yet.
②The weather ______ ______to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
turned up
turned out
③Hundreds of people were ______ ______from the concert because all seats were sold out.
④Do you think I should ______ ______ his offer
⑤After he left university, he became a teacher, but later ______ ______ journalism.
turned away
turn down
turned to
6. limit
【观察思考】
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. (教材P4)
委员会成立了,旨在减少对那些建筑物的破坏,并防止文物损失。
I limit myself to drinking three cups of beer a day.
我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。
We must set a limit to the expense of the trip.
我们必须为这次旅行的花费设限。
Life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.
生命是有限的,但是为人民服务是无限的。
【探究总结】
(1)limit vt. ______________
limit ... ... 把……限制在……内(其中to为介词,其后跟名词或动词-ing形式)
(2)limit n. 限制;限度
①There is a/no limit to ... ……是有限/ 的
②set a limit to ______________
③within limits 适度地,有限度地
④without limit 无限地,无限制地
(3)limited adj. ______________
有限的,限制的
设限,限制
无限
限制;限定
to
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①As a matter of fact, there is no limit ______ what one person can tolerate.
②Research has been limited to ___________ (increase) production profits, rather than making sure that GM foods are safe.
to
increasing
Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. (教材P4)
50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8千万美元。
The retired old man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake.
这位退休老人把大部分积蓄都捐赠给了被地震毁坏的那所学校。
Would you like to make a donation to our charity
你愿意向我们的慈善事业捐赠吗
7. donate
【探究总结】
(1)donate vt._______
donate ... _____ ... 向……捐赠……
(2)donation n. 捐赠,捐献
make a donation to ____________
捐赠;赠送
向......捐赠/捐献
to
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①Project Hope ______ which everyone at work donates a day's pay is significant.
②A live programme on TV is calling on people to make a _______ (donate) to the people who have suffered from the flood in Henan Province.
(2)根据汉语提示完成英语句子。
①This truck ______ _______ ______ _______ (捐赠给我们) by a local firm.
②She _________ a large sum of money(向……捐赠……) ______the charity.
to
donation
was donated to us
donated
to
8. not only ... but also ...
【观察思考】
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. (教材P4)
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且还明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
Life consists of not only sunshine but (also) hard times.
生活不仅有阳光而且还有苦难。
Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.
他不仅自己功课好,而且还经常帮助别人辅导功课。
Not only the teacher but also his students are invited to the party.
受邀请参加聚会的不仅有这个老师还有他的学生。
【探究总结】
(1)not only ... but also ... 连接两个分句时,若not only位于句首,__________所在的分句要部分倒装,_________后面的分句不倒装。
(2)not only ... but also ... 连接并列主语时,在主谓一致方面遵守_________原则。
(3)not only ... but also ... 表示“不仅……而且……”时,________有时可省略。
not only
but also
就近
also
【应用实践】
(1)根据汉语提示完成英语句子。
①The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ______ ______ ______ ______ (老师节省精力), but students became more interested in the lessons.
②Not only the students but also the teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ (反对这个计划).
(2)句型转换。
He speaks not only English and French but also Spanish. (改为not only位于句首的倒装句)
______ ______ ______ ______ ________English and French, but he also speaks Spanish.
was teachers’
energy saved
was against the plan
Not only does he speak
