第1讲 七年级下 Unit 1--3
重点单词 guitar[ɡ 'tɑ:(r)] n.吉他 sing [s ] v.唱;唱歌 swim [sw m] v. & n.游泳 dance [dɑ ns], [d ns] v.跳舞 n.舞蹈 draw [dr ] v.画 chess [t es] n.国际象棋 speak [spi k] v.说(某种语言);说话 join [d n] v.参加;加入 club [kl b] n.俱乐部;社团 tell [tel] v.讲述;告诉 story ['st r ] n.故事;小说 write [ra t] v.写作;写字 show [ ] n.演出;节目v.给……看;展示; talk [t k] v. & n.说话;交谈 kungfu [,k ’fu ] n.(中国)功夫 drum [dr m] n.鼓 piano [p ' n ] n.钢琴 violin [,va 'l n] n.小提琴 teach [ti t ] v教;讲授 musician [mju 'z n] n.音乐家 up [ p] adv. 向上 dress [dres] v.穿衣服 n.连衣裙 brush [br ] v.刷刷净 n.刷子 shower [ a ] n. & v. 淋浴 n.淋浴器(间 usually [ ju: u li] adv.通常地;一般地 never [ nev (r)] adv.从不;绝不 job [d b], [d ɑ b] n.工作;职业 work [w k] v. & n. 工作 station [ ste n] n.电(视)台;车站 exercise [ eks sa z] v. & n. 锻炼;练习 half [hɑ f], [h f] n. & pron. 一半;半数 past [pɑ st],[p st] prep.晚于;过(时间)adj.过去的 quarter [ kw (r)t (r)] n.一刻钟;四分之一 homework[ h mw (r)k] n. 家庭作业 clean [kli n] v.打扫;弄干净 adj.干净的 walk [w k] n. & v. 行走;步行 train [tre n] n.火车 bus [b s] n.公共汽车 subway ['s bwe ] n.地铁 take the subway 乘地铁 ride [ra d] v.&n.骑;旅程 bike [ba k] n.自行车 sixty [ s ksti] num.六十 seventy [ sev nti] num.七十 eighty [ e ti] num.八十 ninety [ na nti] num.九十 hundred ['h ndr d] num.一百 minute ['m n t] n.分钟 far [fɑ ] adv.&adj.远;远的 drive [dra v] v.开车 live [l v] v.居住;生活 stop [st p] n.车站;停止 cross [kr s] v.横过;越过 river ['r v ] n.河;江 village ['v l d ] n.村庄;村镇 bridge [br d ] n.桥 ropeway n.索道 afraid [ 'fre d] adj.害怕;畏惧f unny [ f n ] adj.奇怪的;滑稽好笑的
词汇拓展 sing v.唱歌→singer n.歌手 swim v.游泳→swimming n.游泳 *go swimming去游泳 speak v.说(某种语言);说话→spoke vp.→spoken →speech n.演讲→speaker发言者 *give a speech 发表演讲 tell v.讲述;告诉→told vp.→told vpp, *tell stories 讲故事 *tell lies 说谎 *tell sb (not) to do 告诉某人(不要)做某事 write v.写作;写字→wrote vp. →written vpp. →writer n.作者 talk v. & n.说话;交谈 *talk to/with…跟……说 make v.使成为;制造 *make friends 结交朋友 *make sb do sth让某人做某事 *make sb adj. 让某人... teach v教;讲授→taught vp.→taught vpp. →teacher n. *teach sb to do sth 教某人去做某事 musician n.音乐家→music n.音乐→musical adj.音乐的 up adv.向上→down adv.向下 tooth n.牙齿→teeth pl. night n. 晚上;夜晚 *at night funny adj.奇怪的;滑稽好笑的→fun n.乐趣 exercise v. & n. 锻炼;练习 *do exercise= do sports做运动 *do morning exercises做早操 *do eye exercises做眼保健操 homework n. 家庭作业 *do homework 做家庭作业 either adv.或者;也(用在否定词组后) either…or…要么…要么…;或者…或者… taste v.品尝 n.味道;滋味→tasty adj. life n.生活;生命→lives pl.→live v. far adv.&adj.远;远的 *be far from 离得远 stop n.车站;v.停止 *stop doing 停止做某事 cross v.横过;越过→across prep.→crossing n. afraid adj.害怕;畏惧 *be afraid of sth *be afraid to do sth *be afraid that leave v.离开→left vp.→left vpp. leave for 离开去往某地 dream n,&v.梦想;睡梦;做梦 dream of doing梦想做某事 true adj.真的;符合事实的→truth n.→trust v. come true 实现;成为现实 hundred n.百 *hundreds of成百上千的
重点短语 1. play chess 下国际象棋 2. play the guitar 弹吉他 3. speak English 说英语 4. English club 英语俱乐部 5. talk to 跟…说 6. play the violin 拉小提琴 7. play the piano 弹钢琴 8. play the drums 敲鼓 9. make friends 结交朋友 10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫 11. tell stories 讲故事 12. play games 做游戏 13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 14. get up起床;站起 15. go to school去上学 16. get dressed 穿上衣服 17. brush teeth 刷牙 18. eat breakfast 吃早饭 19. take a shower 洗淋浴 20. radio station 广播电台 21. at night 在晚上 22. go to work 去上班 23. be late for 迟到 24. on weekends (在)周末 25. do(one’s) homework做作业 26. go to bed 上床睡觉 27. take a walk 散步;走一走 28. play sports 做运动 29. get home 到家 30. either...or... 要么......要么......;或者......或者...... 31. lots of 大量;许多 32. from...to...从......到...... 33. get to school 到达学校 34. take the subway 乘地铁 35. ride a bike 骑自行车 36. how far 多远 37. from home to school 从家到学校 38. every day 每天 39. take the bus 乘公共汽车 40. by bike 骑自行车 41. bus stop 公共汽车站 42. think of 认为 43. between…and… 在…和…之间 44. one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 45. play with… 和…玩 e true 实现 47. have to 不得不
重点句型 1. —Can you draw —Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 2. —What club do you want to join —I want to join the chess club. 3. You can join the English club. 4. Sounds good./That sounds good. 5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 6. Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721. 7.-What time do you usually get up,Rick -I usually get up at six thirty. 8.I never get up so early. 9.That's funny time for breakfast! 10. After that, I usually exercise at about ten twenty. 11. 1.When do students usually eat dinner 12. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games. 13.I usually exercise from six fifteen to seven. 14. —How do you get to school —I ride my bike. 15. How far is it from your home to school 16. How long does it take you to get to school 17. For many students, it is easy to get to school. 18. There is a very big river between their school and the village.
知识点
◆考点1 help sb. with sth.
“help sb. with sth.”意为“帮助某人做某事”。此处的with是介词,后面可以跟名词。例如:
She helps me with my English. 她帮我学英语。
拓展:help 既可以做动词也可以做名词,常见的其他相关用法有:
(1) help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 (动词)例如:
I often help my mother to do some housework. 我经常帮我妈妈做家务。
(2) help oneself to sth. 随便(吃……) (动词)例如:
Help yourselves to some fish, children.孩子们,请随便吃些鱼吧。
(3) with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 (名词)例如:
With her help, I passed the exam.在她的帮助下,我通过了考试。
can't help doing 情不自禁做某事
It's so interesting that I can't help reading it over and over again.它太有趣,我忍不住一遍又一遍地读它。
◆精题巧练
(2020黑龙江绥化)When he heard the good news, he couldn't help __________ (jump).
【答案】jumping
【解析】当他听到这个好消息时,他情不自禁跳起来。
固定搭配:can’t help doing sth“情不自禁做某事”,动名词作宾语,所以空格处填动名词jumping。故答 案为jumping。
◆考点2 be good with…
1)“be good with sth. / sb.”意为“善于……;精明的”。例如:
The teacher is very good with children. 这位老师对孩子很有一套。
2) “be good with sth. / sb.”还可以意为“和……相处的好”;此时和“get on well with”同义。例如:
Mr. Li is good with us. 李老师与我们相处的好。
拓展:与good相关的其他词组有
1)be good to sb. 对……好 例如:
He is good to us. 他对我们好。
2)be good for 对……有好处 例如:
Vegetables are good for your health. 蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
◆精题巧练
(2022 随州)汤姆很擅长讲故事。
Tom is very good at________ ________.
【答案】telling stories
【解析】本题对“讲故事”设空,考察动词短语。“讲故事”为tell stories。 。此处用在介词后,应用动 名词形式。故填telling stories。
◆考点3 What club do you want to join
1)本句中的特殊疑问词what在句子中起形容词的作用,后面用名词构成句型“What+名词+一般疑问句?”, 是对主语、宾语和表语进行提问。what可以提问人物的身份、姓名、内容、性质和类别,也可以提问事物 的目的、价格、数量和效果。例如:
What class are you in 你在几班?
2)want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。例如:
I want to join the swimming club. 我想加入游泳俱乐部。
①want的其他常见用法有:want sth. 想要某物 例如:
She wants a pen. 她想要一支钢笔。
② want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 例如:
He wants me to play with him. 他想让我和他一起玩。
③want 还有“招聘,诚聘”的意思。例如:
Musician wanted for School Music Festival.学校音乐节招聘音乐人才。
join 表示“参加,加入”此处指参加社会或组织,成为其中的成员。如:join the army参军
辨析:join, join in与take part in
Join 加入某个组织或团体,并成为其中的一员,后接名词或代词
join in加入或参加某项活动,后接名词或动词-ing形式
take part in参加会议或某种群众性活动,并在其中发挥作用
◆精题巧练
1.(2020新疆)— Why don' the doctors stop ________ lunch
— Because they are busy ________ a patient.
A.to have; to save B.having: saving
C.to have; saving D.having; to save
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——很多老人都很孤独。我们能做些什么来帮助他们?——我想去老人之家和他们聊聊。
考查非谓语。visit参观,动词原形;to visit参观,动词不定式;visiting参观,现在分词或动名词形式;根 据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“想要做某事”,英语是want to do sth.,是用不定式作宾语,所以这里应该 用to visit,故选B。
◆考点4 speak,say,talk和tell的用法归纳
speak “说、讲话” 后跟某种语言 My sister can speak French. 我的姐姐会说法语。
say “说” 后面要有说的内容 I have to say sorry to the teacher. 我不得不向那位老师道歉。
talk “交谈、谈论” 接介词to/with, 与某人谈话/交谈 接介词about 表示“谈论……” I often talk with my mother about my school life. 我经常和我妈妈谈论学校生活。 What are you talking about 你们在谈论什么?
tell 告诉、讲述” tell sb. sth. 表示“告诉某人某事” tell sb. to do sth. 表示“告诉某人做某事” Please tell your brother not to swim here. 请告诉你弟弟不要在这里游泳。 My grandmother often tells me some stories. 我的奶奶经常给我讲故事。
◆考点5 play的用法
动词 乐器类+the play the drums; play the guitar; play the pipa
球类棋类不不加the play football; play chess
◆考点6 Can you sing or dance 你会唱歌或者跳舞吗?
or连词,常见的用法有:
①意为“或者,还是”,用于引出另外一种可能性。
例:You can come here by bus or by bike.你可以乘公共汽车或者骑自行车来这儿。
②意为“也不”,用在否定句中代替and。
例:I don't like comedies or thrillers.=I don't like comedies and don't like thrillers.我不喜欢喜剧片和恐怖片。
③意为“否则;不然”,用于“祈使句+or+陈述句(一般将来时)”句型,其中祈使句相当于if条件句。
例:Hurry up, or you'll be late.快点儿,否则你将会迟到。
◆精题巧练
(吉林长春中考)Work hard and be patient, ______your dream won't come true.
A. or B. and C. but D.so
【答案】A
【解析】or意为“或者;否则”;and意为“和;并且”;but意为“但是”;so意为“所以”。由前一部 分句意“工作努力并且有耐心”及后一部分句意“你的梦想不会实现”可知A项符合题意。选A。
◆考点7 I can speak English and I can also play soccer.我会说英语,也会踢足球。要点精析
also副词,意为“也;而且”。
例:He is also student.他也是一名学生。
Peter can also speak Chinese.彼得也会说汉语。
辨析:also, too与either
also 多用于肯定句句中 She also wants a bottle of water.
too 多用于肯定句或疑问句句末 He has a bad cold too.
either 常用于否定句句末 I don’t like chicken either.
◆考点8 Can you play the piano or the violin 你会弹钢琴或拉小提琴吗?
该句是一个选择疑问句。说话人提出两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答,这种问句叫作 选择疑问句。回答选择疑问句不能用Yes或No,而是选择什么答什么。读选择疑问句时,or前面的部分用 升调,or后面的部分用降调。若选择疑问句中有三个并列的部分,or用来连接最后一部分,前两个并列部 分用逗号隔开。
例:-Is this pen yours or his 这支钢笔是你的还是他的?
-It's his.是他的。
选择疑问句由or连接选择项;or的前后需对称,前升后降是语调,回答不用Yes, No,选择一项是诀窍。
◆精题巧练
(吉林长春中考)-Lucy,do you want to join the art club or the chess club
-_______. I like drawing pictures.
A. Yes. I do B. The art club C. No, don't D. The chess club
【答案】B
【解析】问句“露西,你想参加美术社团还是国际象棋社团?”是选择疑问句,不能用yes/no来回答,排除 A、C两项;结合答语后句“我喜欢画画”可知“我”想加入美术社团,故选B。
◆考点9 It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1)It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,意为“做某事需要花费某人多长时间”,take在此意为 “花 费”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式to do sth.,对这个句式 中的时间提问时用how long.
It takes me half an hour to finish my homework every day. 我每天花费半个小时的时间做作业。
How long does it take you from your home to school 从学校到你家要花多长时间?
动词spend也有“花费多长时间做某事”的意思,但句式和take不同。它的句式是“sb. spends + 时 间 或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.”
I spend about 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework every day.我每天花大约三个小时做作业。
◆考点10 表示“乘……”的几种表达方式
1)用介词短语来表示交通方式,介词短语在句中作状语。
(1) 用“by + 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。例如:
by bike骑自行车 by car乘小汽车 by bus乘公共汽车
(2) 用“by + 交通路线的位置”来表示交通方式。例如:
by water由水路 by land从陆路 by sea从海路 by air乘飞机
(3) 用“in/on + 冠词/形容词性物主代词/指示代词 + 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。 其中,in多用在car等 交通工具之前,而on多用在bike/horse/bus/train/ship等交通工具之前,它们的用法与“by + 交通工具名词” 的用法相同。例如:
She often goes to school on a/her bike.= She often goes to school by bike.她经常骑自行车上学。
(4) on foot步行。on foot是固定搭配,表示步行,其中foot不能用复数形式feet,其前也不加任何修饰词。
She often goes to school on foot. 她经常步行去上学。
2)用动词短语表示交通方式,动词短语在句中作谓语。
(1)用“take + a/the + 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。例如:
take a train乘火车 take a bus乘公共汽车 take a ship乘船 take a plane乘飞机
注意:“骑自行车”要翻译为“ride a bike”
(2) 用某些动词来表示交通方式。例如:
walk to步行去 drive to开车去 ride to骑车/马去
注意:如果接地点副词here; there; home时,介词to应该省略
◆精题巧练
How does your mother go to work, by ________ bus or on ________ bicycle
A./; a B.a; the
C.the; an D.an; /
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:你的妈妈怎样去工作,乘公交车还是骑自行车?
根据固定搭配by bus“乘公交车”,由第二个空后面的bicycle是可数名词,且是以辅音音素开头的单词, 所以用a,故答案选A。
◆考点11 How far is it from your home to school
how far意为“多远”,用来询问距离或路程。
例:-How far is it from the park to the school 从公园到学校有多远?
-It's about3 miles.大约3英里。
知识拓展
在回答 how far 的提问时,通常有两种情形:
①有具体的数字时,应与 away from连用,表示具体距离的计量,口语中away可省略。
②没有具体数字时,应用far或near作答。
例:-How far is it from the library to the school 从图书馆到学校有多远?
-It's twenty kilometers away from the library to the school. /It's very far.从图书馆到学校有20千米远。/很远。
◆精题巧练
(广东中考)-_______ is it from the village to your farm
-About 10 minutes' walk.
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far
【答案】D
解析:how often“多久一次”,提问频率;how soon“多久以后”,提问"in+-段时间”;how long“多长时间,多 长”,提问“for+一段时间”或物体长度;how far“多远”,提问距离。句意:“从村庄到你的农场有多远?”“走 路大约10分钟。”结合句意可知选D。
◆考点12 I usually get up at six thirty.我通常6:30起床。
1)get up 意为“起床”,其反义词组为 go to bed“上床睡觉”。
例:My younger sister usually gets up at six o'clock and goes to bed at ten o'clock.
我的妹妹通常6:00起床,10:00上床睡觉。
知识拓展:get的常用词组:
get on 上车
get off 下车
get back 取回
get to到达
get on well with...与……相处融洽
get home 到家
2)
at介词,意为“在……”,表示时间时其后一般跟具体时刻。
例:at six o'clock 在6:00
知识拓展
①介词at,in,on表示时间的用法
介词 用法 例句 固定搭配
at 常用于时刻前 at nine o'clock at noon;at night
on 在具体一天或半天前面 on Children's Day; on Sunday morning on the weekend; on weekends
in 用在月份、季节、年份等前面 in May; in summer; in2014 in the morning/afternoon/ evening
◆精题巧练
1.(新疆乌鲁木齐中考)Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races_____9:00 a.m.__________the morning of June 18.
A. at; in B. at; on C. on; in D. on; on
【答案】B
【解析】具体时刻前用介词at;具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前用介词on,故选B。
◆考点13 After that, I usually exercise at about ten twenty.
exercise 此处用作动词,意为“锻炼”。
例:My grandma exercises every day.我奶奶每天锻炼。
知识拓展:exercise还可作名词,意为“锻炼;训练活动;练习;习题”。
例:take/get exercise 运动;锻炼
do morning exercises 做早操
do eye exercises 做眼保健操
◆考点14 a quarter past three in the afternoon 下午3:15
quarter名词,意为“一刻钟;四分之一”。
例:Please wait for quarter.请等一刻钟。
There are four of us, so we cut the orange into quarters and each eats a piece.
我们有四个人,因此我们把橙子切成四份,每人吃一份。
◆考点15 After school, l sometimes play basketball for half an hour.
sometimes 副词,意为“有时”,相当于 at times
例:l sometimes play computer games. 我有时玩电脑游戏。
辨析:sometimes, some times, sometime与 some time
sometimes 有时候
some times 几次;几倍
sometime (将来或过去)某时
some time 一段时间
辨析:
They sometimes play basketball after school.
Some of the students have visited the Great Wall some times.
This tree is some times taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高好几倍。
We will visit Beijing sometime next month.
He has waited at the school gate for some time. 他已经在校门口等了一段时间了。
◆考点16 In the evening, l either watch TV or play computer games.
either...or.“要么....要么.; 或者....或者..;不是..就是.”,连接句子中并列的词、短语,甚至句子。
例: You can eat either apples or oranges. 你可以吃苹果或者橙子
He is either in the classroom or in the library.他不是在教室里就是在图书馆里。
知识拓展
either...or...连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与最近的一个作主语的名词或代词在人称和数上保 持一致,这就是我们常说的“就近原则”
例: Either you or l am qoing there tomorrow,.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。
◆精题巧练
(内蒙古呼和浩特2021中考) Lucy you can't go to the party. Oneof you has to stay at home to look after your grandma.
A. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Not only; but also D. Both; and
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意:要么Lucy 要么你不能去参加晚会。你们当中有一个人必须留在家里照顾奶奶。根据句意可知,空格处表示“要么….要么…”,表示两者当中的一个。故 B项正确。A 项意为“既不....也不.”;C项意为“不但….而且…”D 项意为“两者都.”,都与语境不符。
◆考点17 She knows it's not good for her but it tastes good!
taste 此处用作连系动词,意为“有..的味道;尝起来”,后面跟形容词.
例: This tomato tastes sweet. 这个西红柿尝起来是甜的。
This drink tastes like orange juice.这种饮料尝起来像橙汁。
知识拓展
①taste 用作实义动词,意为“尝;品尝”
例:Can you taste it 你能品尝-下它吗
②taste 用作名词,意为“味道:滋味”
例: This orange has a sweet taste. 这个橘子有甜味。
③类似的表示感觉的连系动词还有look(看起来),sound(听起来好像), smell(有...气味),feel(感觉,觉得)。
◆精题巧练
(海南中考)-Would you like some Wenchang Chicken It delicious.
-Yes, please. lt's my favorite.
A. sounds B. tastes C. feels
【答案】B
【解析】sound 意为“听起来好像”;taste 意为“尝起来”;feel意为“摸起来;感觉”。主语it 代指上句中的Wenchang Chicken,形容词 delicious(美味的)作表语,“鸡肉'尝起来美味”符合逻辑。故选 B.
语法点
◆ 情态动词can ☆☆☆
情态动词概念:情态动词是表示说话人对动作或状态的看法或主观设想的单词,其本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,只能与动词原形一起构成谓语。初中英语中常见的情态动词包括can, may, must, should, could, would等。
情态动词can
一.含义
1.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力,此时may和must均不可代替它。
She can swim fast, but I can't. 她能游得很快,但我不能。
2.表示许可,常在口语中。
You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
3.表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can't 译为“不可能”。
Can the news be true 这个消息会是真的吗?
句式结构
肯定句 can I can speak English.
否定句 can’t I can’t speak English.
一般疑问句 can引导提问 Can you speak English
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 can提问 What can you do
表推测
情态动词表示对现在的推测,推测用法中的语气由强到弱可粗略排列如下:
must > may> might> might not> may not> can't
四.could的用法
1.can的过去式,意为“ 能、会”,表示过去的能力。
He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。
2.could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时 could没有过去式的意思。
Could you do me a favour 你能帮我个忙吗?
—Could I use your pen 我能用一下你的钢笔吗 —Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)
拓展:
can与be able to的用法
can表示能力与be able to同义,在许多情况下可以交替使用。
○be able to用于更多的时态,而can只有现在时和过去时could两种形式。
○指过去经过一番努力设法做成某事不用could,而用was/were able to,意义上相当于managed to do或succeeded in doing等。
◆精题巧练
1.(2022北京)— _____I take photos here
—Sorry,you can't. It's not allowed in the museum.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——我可以在这里拍照吗 ——对不起,你不能。博物馆不允许拍照。
考查动词辨析。Must必须;Need需要;Can可以;Will将会。根据答语“Sorry, you can’t”可知,用can提问,用can/can’t回答。故选C。
2.(2022 成都)—There is a new art museum in our city. You_____miss it.
—Thank you. I won't.
can't B. must C. needn't
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“我们城市有一个新的艺术博物馆。你____错过它。”“非常感谢。我不会的。”根据答语中的“I won't.”可知,此处指的是你不能错过。故选A。
3.(2022温州)—Thomas, where are my postcards I____ find them.
—They're on the bookshelf.
can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——Thomas,我的明信片在哪里 我找不到它们。——它们在书架上。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能;needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该。根据“where are my postcards”及“I …find them”可知,不能找到明信片,故选A。
(2022天门)—What kind of music do you like
—I like music that I_____ dance to.
can B.must C. should D. need1
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“你喜欢什么类型的音乐?”“我喜欢___ 跟着跳舞的音乐。”can能;must必须,一定;should应该;need需要根据句意可知,此处表示喜欢能跟着跳舞的音乐,应用can。故选A。
(2022 哈尔滨)—Do you like poems
—Yes. I______ read poems when I was 5.
must B. can C. could
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词的时态。句意“你喜欢诗歌吗?”“是的。我5岁的时候____读诗。”must必须;can能;could能。根据句意可知此处表示五岁就能读诗,结合空后“when Iwas 5”可知此处应该用一般过去时。故选C。
(2022梧州)—Can I swim in the lake, Mum It's so hot.
—No,you_____ . The sign says “No swimming”.
A.mustn't B. needn't C. wouldn't D. shouldn't
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“妈妈,我可以在湖里游泳吗?好热啊。”“不,你___ 。标志上写着‘禁止游泳’。”mustn't禁止:needn't不必:wouldn't不要;shouldn't不应该。根据答语“The sign says‘No swimming’”可知,此处表示禁止游泳。故选A。
(2022天津)The book ____be Mary's. We can see her name on it.
A.need B. must C. can't D. needn't
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这本书一定是玛丽的。我们可以在上面看到她的名字。
考查情态动词辨析。need需要;must一定;can’t不可能;needn’t不需要。根据“We can see her name on it.”可知,此处表示肯定推测,故选B。
(2022青海省卷)—Look! Mr.Li is playing basketball with his students.
—It_____ be him. He has gone to Xi'an.
A.mustn't B. can't C. shouldn't
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-看,李老师正在和他的学生们打篮球。-这不可能是他,他去了西安。
考查情态动词辨析,mustn't不能,禁止;shouldn't不应该。根据句意He has gone to Xi'an.可知此处表示否定推测,选择B。
◆ 特殊疑问句 ☆
特殊疑问句 就句中某一部分进行提问的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导,常用的有what,who,whom,whose,where,when,why,how,how often,how much,how many,how soon,how far等。特殊疑问句句末一般用降调。
①普通特殊疑问句:由一般疑问词引导,主要用来询问信息。What do you often do on the weekend
②强调特殊疑问句:在疑问词后加ever,on earth(究竟,到底),exactly(究竟),in the world(到底)等,以加强语气。What exactly do you mean
③省略特殊疑问句:在日常会话中,特殊疑问句常以省略形式出现。How
④用固定短语how about/what about/how come等构成特殊疑问句.What about you
How特殊疑问句
◆精题巧练
1.(2022 上海)—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom.____is it
—Perhaps it's Mary's.
Whose B. Who C. When D. Why
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——教室的角落里有一把伞。它是谁的 ——也许是玛丽的。
考查特殊疑问句。Whose谁的;Who谁;When什么时候;Why为什么。根据答句“Perhaps it’s Mary’s”可知,此处在问物品的归属,故应用特殊疑问词whose。故选A。
2.(2022无锡)— _____did the online concert begin
—You didn't miss anything. It has just begun.
When B. Where C. What D. Why
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——在线音乐会什么时候开始的 ——你没有错过任何东西。这才刚刚开始。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候;where在哪里;what什么;why为什么。根据“You didn’t miss anything. It has just begun.”可知,此处应该询问的是时间,即什么时候开始的。故选A。
3. (2022扬州)—Tell me,Grandma. _____is your favourite person in the whole wide world
—That's easy! It's you!
What B. Who C. How D. Whom
【答案】B
【解析】爷爷,告诉我,全世界你最喜欢的人是谁 ——这很简单。是你!
考查特殊疑问词。What什么;Who谁;How怎样;Whom谁。根据“It’s you”可知上文询问人,且疑问词在句中作主语,用疑问代词who。故选B。
4.(2022 武威)— _____do you exercise
—Every day.
How long B. Why C. What time D. How often
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你多久锻炼一次 ——每天。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;Why为什么;What time几点;How often多久一次。根据答语“Every day.”可知,此处对频率进行提问,故选D。
5.(2022北京)—_____ will Liu Yang stay in the space station this time
—For six months.
How long B. How often C. How much D. How soon
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——这次刘洋会在空间站待多久 ——六个月。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;How often多久一次;How much多少钱;How soon多久之后。根据答语“For six months.”可知,此处对时长进行提问,故选A。
6.(2022 云南省卷)—____ is it from your home to school,Alice
—About fifteen minutes' walk.
How often B. How far C. How many D. How much
【答案】B
【解析】考查How词组辨析。句意“艾丽斯,从你家到学校有 ?”“步行大约15分钟。”How often 多久一次.提问频率:How far多远,提问距离;How many多少,提问可数名词的数量;How much多少,提问价钱或不可数名词的数量。根据答语可知此处提问距离。故选B。
7. (2022徐州)—I love this T-shirt. _____does it cost
—50 yuan. Why not try it on
A. How long B. How often
C. How old D. How much
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我喜欢这件T恤。它要多少钱 ——50元。为什么不试穿一下呢
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间,对一段时间提问;How often多久一次,对频率提问;How old多大,对年龄提问;How much多少钱,对价格提问。根据“50 yuan.”可知,此处是提问价格,用How much。故选D。
8.(2022 连云港)—____ do you play volleyball,Amy
—Three days a week.
How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——Amy,你多久打一次排球 ——一周三天。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久;how soon多久以后;how often多久一次;how much多少。根据答语“Three days a week”可知,对频率进行提问,用how often引导特殊疑问句,故选C。
9.(2021滨州)—______ do you think we can finish the report
—Perhaps in one more hour.
A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often
【答案】C
【解析】考查How词组辨析。句意“你认为我们能完成报告?”“也许还要一个多小时。”How long多长;提问物体的长度;How much多少钱;How soon多久,提问时间;How often多久一次,提问频率。根据答语“Perhaps in one more hour.”可知此处指多久能完成。故选C。