2024届高考二轮复习阶段测试卷(新九省高考专用)03
英 语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节 （共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shin
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What did the man manage to do
A. Pass a driving test. B. Save some money. C. Sell his old car.
2. How does the man feel now
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Bored.
3. What’s the weather probably like today
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
4. What time will the dinner be
A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 9:00 pm.
5. What position does the man apply for
A. A receptionist. B. An accountant. C. A salesperson.
第二节 （共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman doing
A. Hosting a science program. B. Performing an experiment. C. Conducting a survey.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Who gave Lucy the bike
A. Her sister. B. Her mother. C. Her brother.
9. What does the man think of his brother
A. He is very talkative. B. He is not generous. C. He never tells a lie.
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their hobbies. B. Their friends. C. Their bicycles.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How old are the paintings
A. About 500 years old. B. About 1,000 years old. C. About 17,000 years old.
12. What is the man
A. A professor. B. A tour guide. C. A painter.
13. Where are the speakers
A. In a cave. B. In a hotel. C. In a college.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want Stuart to do
A. Correct his mistakes. B. Offer some suggestions. C. Wait for rescue workers.
15. Why is the woman concerned about her travel
A. She may lose the way. B. She may feel homesick. C. She may miss the flight.
16. Who should the woman turn to for directions according to Stuart
A. Children. B. Tourists. C. Deliverymen.
17. What do we know about Stuart
A. He is an experienced traveler.
B. He is a kind policeman.
C. He is a creative student.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did the speaker make the appointment
A. To visit his new neighbour. B. To have his house examined. C. To organize a family outing.
19. What did the speaker fail to do last Monday
A. Call the examiner in advance.
B. Charge the man for his service.
C. Make the paperwork ready.
20. What does the speaker suggest in the talk
A. Staying energetic at all times.
B. Always being prepared.
C. Never fearing failure.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re from Massachusetts, Manchester, or Mumbai, a first-year student or a transfer (转学生), there are a few key things you need to do to apply to New York University (NYU). But requirements such as standardized testing and English language testing vary for different applicants.
First-year applicants
International applicants
Transfer applicants
Homeschooled applicants
Internal transfers
Second Bachelor’s Degree
If you’re applying to one of the programs listed below, do not complete the Common Application. Visit the links for application instructions:
Dental hygiene program
SPS Division of Applied Undergraduate Studies
Things to Know Before Applying
Email address
Make sure to use a personal email address. We strongly encourage you not to use a school email address to submit your application, as you may miss important information about your application and admissions decision.
Documents
Please submit only documents or copies that you can replace because NYU does not return application documents.
Application authenticity
It is your responsibility to ensure that your application information and all supporting documents are based on facts. NYU has a strict policy on application authenticity.
Submitting your application
Please contact admissions@nyu.edu with a request for an extension before or shortly after our application deadline.
Students Affected by Natural Disasters, Political, and/or Governmental Decisions
For students and families affected by natural disasters, national governments, or any extreme extenuating (情有可原的) circumstances, we want to be as accommodating as possible to avoid additional stress. We encourage any student in these situations to reach out to our office to inform us of the situation so that we can provide you with a recommended course of action. We will be as flexible as possible when waiting for supporting application materials.
21. Who should avoid the Common Application
A. First-year applicants. B. Transfer applicants.
C. Homeschooled applicants. D. Dental hygiene program applicants
22. Which is most likely to have a negative influence on applying NYU
A. Requesting an extension at any time. B. Applying through a personal email.
C. Submitting replaceable documents. D. Providing truthful application materials.
23. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A library guide. B. A school website. C. A newspaper report. D. A university brochure.
B
（2024下·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈九中校考开学考试）My 14-year-old son, Gus, is severely allergic to peanuts and other nuts, so for years we’ve been washing hands like surgeons, and we wipe down surfaces every time we eat out. We know the closest emergency room and exactly what to do during a reaction. Our preparedness to guard against a worst-case situation felt like a win when the pandemic hit. Our everyday caution, which can be exhausting and make us feel awkward at social events, is now a great advantage.
As it turns out, COVID-19 life has had multiple advantages for food-allergy families like mine. Stuck at home with just the food we cook ourselves, we’ve been safe from all the land mines, like big holiday parties with boxes of walnut cookies, or Halloween, with kids eating Snickers while sticking their hands into shared bowls. Not to mention restaurant meals that have unexpected ingredients.
So the pandemic gave me a gift I didn’t even know I needed: I felt seen. The whole world was in prevention mode, weighing what might have touched their groceries or takeout food. We all wash our hands now whether our kids have food allergies or not. We all might call ahead to double-check a restaurant’s precautions and whether the chef wears gloves. I didn’t feel strange anymore.
Of course, the limitations on regular life will ease up soon, and families like mine will need to be on guard again. When I think about the new normal, I’m fine with that post-COVID-19 life. I hope we can keep this appreciation that not everyone’s immune system functions in the same way and some people do need to be more cautious. This makes me think of the classic home-design advice: “You need to take everything out of a room to know what you want to put back.” We’ve taken everything out of the room, and I hope we put back empathy, understanding and tolerance.
24. What can we know about the author’s family
A. They are very sociable. B. They were exhausted by emergencies.
C. They have comprehensive medical knowledge. D. They were always in emergency-preparedness mode.
25. Which of the following might be a land mine for Gus
A. Enjoying Snickers with other kids. B. Playing games with kids on Halloween.
C. Giving home-made cookies to his friends. D. Wiping the table down when eating at home.
26. Why did the author no longer feel strange during the pandemic
A. Everyone paid great attention to health. B. She became accustomed to COVID-19 life.
C. More people became particular about food. D. She succeeded in affecting people around her.
27. What is the author’s attitude towards post-COVID-19 life
A. Puzzled. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Concerned.
C
Dogs may have the title of our best friends through their interactions with humans, but now researchers say these social skills could be present shortly after birth rather than being learned.
To better understand the role of biology in dogs’ abilities to communicate with humans, the researchers studied 375 eight-week-old service dogs. They looked at how these dogs performed in a series of tasks designed to measure their communication skills. The puppies were still living with their littermates (同窝出生者) and had not been sent to live with a volunteer puppy raiser, making it unlikely that they had learned about his or her behavior.
In the first task, a person hid a treat beneath one of two overturned cups and pointed to it to see if the puppy could follow the gesture. Since dogs are good at using noses to find things, a treat was also taped to the insides of both cups. In the second task, puppies watched as the researchers placed a yellow block next to the correct cup, instead of pointing to indicate where the puppy should look for the food.
The third task was designed to observe puppies’ tendency to look at human faces. The researchers spoke to the puppy in a voice people sometimes use when talking to a baby. They then measured how long the puppy fixed a stare on the human. In the last task, researchers sealed a treat inside a closed container and presented it to the puppy. They then measured how often the puppy looked to the human for help in opening the container.
The study found that while many of the puppies were responsive to humans’ physical and verbal cues, very few looked to humans for help with the unsolvable task. Researchers said, “This suggests that while puppies may be born knowing how to respond to human-initiated communication, the ability to initiate (发起) communication on their own may come later.” The next step will be to see if specific genes that may contribute to dogs’ abilities to communicate with humans can be identified.
28. Why were eight-week-old service dogs chosen for the study
A. They were cute and safe to deal with.
B. They were the best age to learn.
C. They had had little contact with humans before.
D. They were unlikely influenced by their mates.
29. What is the researchers’ purpose in taping food to both cups
A. To provide clues for the puppies’ final decisions.
B. To make comparisons between different conditions.
C. To check the puppies’ preference for a particular color.
D. To prevent the puppies from making use of their smell.
30. What can we know from the study
A. Puppies can understand our body language.
B. Puppies are good at asking humans for help.
C. Puppies are born to initiate communication with humans.
D. Puppies need specific genes to communicate with humans.
31. What’s the main idea of the text
A. Dogs are born to be able to learn. B. Dogs are born to understand humans.
C. Dogs are talented performers. D. Dogs are humans’ best friends.
D
In recent years, it seems that we are slowly coming to understand that animals like elephants, monkeys and pigs have not just brains, but complicated inner and social lives thanks to scientific advances in our understanding of animal minds. Yet that awareness hasn’t made itself felt to much greater degree in our closest relationship with animals: at the dinner table.
With Personalities on the Plate, Barbara King asks us to think hard about our meat eating and how we might reduce it. King does not criticize. Instead, she takes us chapter by chapter on a cook’s tour of animals we humans eat, from insects to pigs and dogs, while exploring the latest scientific discoveries about their intelligence and feelings that we humans often wrongly claim uniquely for ourselves.
Built on a mix of firsthand experience and close engagement with the work of scientists, farmers and chefs, Personalities on the Plate has successfully built a case for them as beings that deserve more than a trip down our stomachs. With humor and tales of animals acting as individuals expressing their emotions, Personalities on the Plate takes us on an unforgettable journey through the world of animals we eat.
“This thoughtful book is not about whether we ‘should’ or ‘shouldn’t’ eat meat. Barbara King looks at the range of values and consequences surrounding farming and feasting, and at who we are considering eating,” says Carl Safina, author of Beyond Words: What Animals Think and Feel. “Her book gives me a richer understanding. Her method and passion are effective. I ended the book agreeing that I can — and should — help these creatures and our environment by choosing to eat fewer of them or none at all.”
32. What does the author suggest in the first paragraph
A. Lots of people plan to stop eating meat.
B. Meat consumption should be increased.
C. Scientists should do more to protect animals.
D. Our diet is hardly influenced by our knowledge.
33. What can we know about Personalities on the Plate
A. It openly opposes meat eating. B. It is written by scientists and chefs.
C. It includes humorous and vivid stories. D. It denies animals’ intelligence and feelings.
34. What does Carl Safina say about King’s book
A. Its method is too subjective. B. Its conclusion is convincing.
C. The book is tightly organized. D. The evidences are contradictory.
35. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To review a book. B. To recommend an author.
C. To promote a diet. D. To advocate animals’ rights.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Play is so much more than just a way to kill the time. Behind every game and puzzle lies a powerful force shaping a child’s development. 36 Dive in, and you’ll discover the science behind it.
When children engage in play, they do more than just have fun. They’re actively constructing their brains. Neural pathways (神经通络), those complex networks responsible for thought, learning, and emotion, are solidified during these leisure activities. Much like constructing a home requires more than just bricks, it’s about laying a strong foundation. For the maturing brain, play is that vital foundation. 37 These connections don’t just serve immediate childlike wonder; they lay the groundwork for future cognitive and emotional adaptability.
Beyond cognitive and emotional development, leisure activities are crucial in securing a child’s physical health and coordination (协调性). Whether it’s running or jumping rope, these actions develop a child’s fine motor skills. Such physical engagements push children to be more aware of their body movements and surroundings. 38 Through play, kids develop a symbiotic (共生的) relationship between mind and body.
In the dynamic ecosystem of a child’s growth, leisure activities weave in threads of academic enhancement without the traditional pressures of formal education. 39 Beyond the fun, kids are absorbing lessons in logic, pattern recognition, and critical thinking. Similarly, engaging in board games or interactive storytelling sessions introduces them to fundamental math, language, and strategy concepts in a relaxed atmosphere. This stress-free combination of play and learning allows kids to develop academically without realizing they’re on an educational journey.
Play is more than just a leisure activity for kids. It’s an essential tool that helps better brain development, physical health and so much more. 40
A. But why, exactly, is play so vital for kids
B. And how, precisely, do you dive in games and puzzles
C. The diversity of play equips the brain with neural connections.
D. Take, for instance, the seemingly simple act of assembling a puzzle.
E. Therefore, kids who play more will deal with the difficulties better in the future.
F. The constant feedback creates a rich environment for enhancing physical capabilities.
G. By understanding it, you can provide your child with the best foundation for a bright future.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2019, Tomas Quinones undertook a 7-day bike trip, covering some remote desert in Oregon. His trip was 41 with the usual difficulties. He lost his shoes and was only relying on a pair of sandals (凉鞋). His water supply was sometimes 42 . But there were also moments of unexpected 43 : A couple offered to share their lunch; a guy in the truck asked if he needed any help.
On the last day of his trip, he was riding down a dusty track when he met a man lying unconscious in the desert. 44 , he was dehydrated (脱水的). Quinones tried to give him some water with little 45 . Luckily, he called the emergency rescue team and an ambulance soon arrived. The man he 46 was an explorer who had been lost in the desert for 5 days. “I never had any 47 about what I would do,” said Quinones. He had received some gestures of help on the trip, so he 48 .
It’s likely that if you’ve spent any time in the wild, you’ll have 49 these gestures of kindness from strangers or given them yourself too even if they are nothing so 50 as the aid given by Quinones.
What is it about being outside in nature that makes people want to help others One opinion is that in the wild, there may not be any other 51 , so according to the “bystander effect”, the more people who are in the presence of someone needing help, the less likely any of those are to actually provide it. Another opinion is that exposure to nature can make people look beyond themselves, 52 a sense of connection to others and to the world as a whole.
When we risk going into the wild, we become weak. And being in that position usually makes us 53 the world differently. So, in the wild, where we’re taken away from our normal possessions, surroundings and identities, we seem more 54 to go the extra mile for someone. It’s in nature that bonds of humanity are 55 .
41. A. flooded B. marked C. covered D. connected
42. A. unbelievable B. unusual C. unsafe D. uncertain
43. A. kindness B. appreciation C. belief D. comfort
44. A. Unexpectedly B. Unfortunately C. Obviously D. Shortly
45. A. confidence B. success C. survival D. relief
46. A. rescued B. accompanied C. knew D. admired
47. A. decision B. sense C. doubt D. surprise
48. A. got it back B. paid it forward C. carried it through D. did it over
49. A. made B. understood C. remembered D. experienced
50. A. simple B. natural C. dramatic D. slight
51. A. help B. choice C. luck D. sign
52. A. bringing B. promoting C. keeping D. providing
53. A. adapt to B. focus on C. travel around D. look at
54. A. pleased B. disappointed C. relaxed D. worried
55. A. recovered B. loosened C. strengthened D. broken
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research says nuts could be a 56 (value), tasty and nutritious slimming help. Researchers from Harvard University suggested that people replace a daily unhealthy snack 57 a small handful of nuts to slow down weight gain. This is 58 (especial) helpful for people as they get older. The 59 (researcher) found that people who ate just 14g of nuts every day gained less weight than those 60 ate another snack. The people who ate the nuts were unlikely 61 (become) obese (肥胖的).
A long-term study 62 (conduct) by the researchers observed the lifestyle of nearly 190,000 people for over twenty years. The people in the research 63 (divide) into three groups. They included professors and nurses aged 35 to 55. They ask questions every four years about their weight, how often they ate nuts, and how often they exercised. 64 researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help reduce the weight gain, 65 might lower the chances of becoming obese.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
上周六你参加了一次“走进敬老院”的志愿活动，请你写一篇短文向学校英文报投稿。内容包括：
1. 活动简介；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Volunteering Experience
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分 25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He worked hard to earn exceptional marks and always tried to behave well. But he was so sensitive and shy that he always hid behind his hair, which he wore long around his face. To make it worse, Marco was naturally shorter than the other kids. This added to his already low self-confidence.
At 14, he and his younger sister Sandra moved in with their dad and his new wife. His father was busy and their communication was nonexistent. The only time his dad ever spoke to him was to be demanding or critical. He began to fear coming home from school every day, feeling desperately alone and isolated.
One day his father, tripped over Marco’s bike in the garage. The angry reaction left Marco in despair, thus crying out, “That’s it! I’m going to kill myself.”
“You don’t even have the guts!” replied his father.
For two days, all Marco could think of was wanting to die, but he didn’t want to prove his father was right. Angry and sad, Marco was stuck.
Two days later, his aunt called him. This seemed like a miracle. Aunt Ginette usually only called on his birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest and she thought about him. She told him she firmly believed he could perform on stage like those kids, since she had seen him do skits (幽默短剧) for the family at Christmas.
Marco was shocked. Him In a public speaking contest, which was contrary to his shy personality But Aunt Ginette was sure it was something he could do. Feeling her strong belief, Marco agreed.
All that winter, twice a week after dinner, he took three different buses in each direction for the three-hour round-trip to practice in the place where the competition would take place. Marco was taken by a feeling he never felt before. The hours and the obstacles no longer counted. The criticism from his father around his absence for after-dinner chores didn’t matter.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Four months later, the big night arrived. _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024届高考二轮复习阶段测试卷(新九省高考专用)03
英 语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节 （共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shin
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What did the man manage to do
A. Pass a driving test. B. Save some money. C. Sell his old car.
2. How does the man feel now
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Bored.
3. What’s the weather probably like today
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
4. What time will the dinner be
A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 9:00 pm.
5. What position does the man apply for
A. A receptionist. B. An accountant. C. A salesperson.
第二节 （共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman doing
A. Hosting a science program. B. Performing an experiment. C. Conducting a survey.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Who gave Lucy the bike
A. Her sister. B. Her mother. C. Her brother.
9. What does the man think of his brother
A. He is very talkative. B. He is not generous. C. He never tells a lie.
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their hobbies. B. Their friends. C. Their bicycles.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How old are the paintings
A. About 500 years old. B. About 1,000 years old. C. About 17,000 years old.
12. What is the man
A. A professor. B. A tour guide. C. A painter.
13. Where are the speakers
A. In a cave. B. In a hotel. C. In a college.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want Stuart to do
A. Correct his mistakes. B. Offer some suggestions. C. Wait for rescue workers.
15. Why is the woman concerned about her travel
A. She may lose the way. B. She may feel homesick. C. She may miss the flight.
16. Who should the woman turn to for directions according to Stuart
A. Children. B. Tourists. C. Deliverymen.
17. What do we know about Stuart
A. He is an experienced traveler.
B. He is a kind policeman.
C. He is a creative student.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did the speaker make the appointment
A. To visit his new neighbour. B. To have his house examined. C. To organize a family outing.
19. What did the speaker fail to do last Monday
A. Call the examiner in advance.
B. Charge the man for his service.
C. Make the paperwork ready.
20. What does the speaker suggest in the talk
A. Staying energetic at all times.
B. Always being prepared.
C. Never fearing failure.
【答案】1～5 ABCAC 6～10 BCABC 11～15 CAABA 16～20 CABCB
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re from Massachusetts, Manchester, or Mumbai, a first-year student or a transfer (转学生), there are a few key things you need to do to apply to New York University (NYU). But requirements such as standardized testing and English language testing vary for different applicants.
First-year applicants
International applicants
Transfer applicants
Homeschooled applicants
Internal transfers
Second Bachelor’s Degree
If you’re applying to one of the programs listed below, do not complete the Common Application. Visit the links for application instructions:
Dental hygiene program
SPS Division of Applied Undergraduate Studies
Things to Know Before Applying
Email address
Make sure to use a personal email address. We strongly encourage you not to use a school email address to submit your application, as you may miss important information about your application and admissions decision.
Documents
Please submit only documents or copies that you can replace because NYU does not return application documents.
Application authenticity
It is your responsibility to ensure that your application information and all supporting documents are based on facts. NYU has a strict policy on application authenticity.
Submitting your application
Please contact admissions@nyu.edu with a request for an extension before or shortly after our application deadline.
Students Affected by Natural Disasters, Political, and/or Governmental Decisions
For students and families affected by natural disasters, national governments, or any extreme extenuating (情有可原的) circumstances, we want to be as accommodating as possible to avoid additional stress. We encourage any student in these situations to reach out to our office to inform us of the situation so that we can provide you with a recommended course of action. We will be as flexible as possible when waiting for supporting application materials.
21. Who should avoid the Common Application
A. First-year applicants. B. Transfer applicants.
C. Homeschooled applicants. D. Dental hygiene program applicants
22. Which is most likely to have a negative influence on applying NYU
A. Requesting an extension at any time. B. Applying through a personal email.
C. Submitting replaceable documents. D. Providing truthful application materials.
23. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A library guide. B. A school website. C. A newspaper report. D. A university brochure.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章在一则申请纽约大学的说明，介绍了申请要求等情况。
21. 细节理解题。根据文中“If you’re applying to one of the programs listed below, do not complete the Common Application. (如果你正在申请下面列出的一个项目，不要填写通用申请)”以及“ Dental hygiene program (口腔卫生计划)”可知，口腔卫生专业申请者应避免申请通用申请。故选D。
22. 细节理解题。根据Submitting your application部分中“Please contact admissions@nyu.edu with a request for an extension before or shortly after our application deadline. (请在我们的申请截止日期之前或之后不久联系admissions@nyu.edu请求延期)”可知，随时请求延期对申请纽约大学最有可能产生负面影响。故选A。
23. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether you’re from Massachusetts, Manchester, or Mumbai, a first-year student or a transfer (转学生), there are a few key things you need to do to apply to New York University (NYU). But requirements such as standardized testing and English language testing vary for different applicants. (无论你是来自马萨诸塞州、曼彻斯特还是孟买，是一年级学生还是转学学生，申请纽约大学(NYU)都需要做一些关键的事情。但是标准测试和英语语言测试等要求因申请人的不同而不同)”以及“Visit the links for application instructions (访问链接获取申请说明)”结合文章在一则申请纽约大学的说明，介绍了申请要求等情况。可推知，文章可能选自学校网站。故选B。
B
My 14-year-old son, Gus, is severely allergic to peanuts and other nuts, so for years we’ve been washing hands like surgeons, and we wipe down surfaces every time we eat out. We know the closest emergency room and exactly what to do during a reaction. Our preparedness to guard against a worst-case situation felt like a win when the pandemic hit. Our everyday caution, which can be exhausting and make us feel awkward at social events, is now a great advantage.
As it turns out, COVID-19 life has had multiple advantages for food-allergy families like mine. Stuck at home with just the food we cook ourselves, we’ve been safe from all the land mines, like big holiday parties with boxes of walnut cookies, or Halloween, with kids eating Snickers while sticking their hands into shared bowls. Not to mention restaurant meals that have unexpected ingredients.
So the pandemic gave me a gift I didn’t even know I needed: I felt seen. The whole world was in prevention mode, weighing what might have touched their groceries or takeout food. We all wash our hands now whether our kids have food allergies or not. We all might call ahead to double-check a restaurant’s precautions and whether the chef wears gloves. I didn’t feel strange anymore.
Of course, the limitations on regular life will ease up soon, and families like mine will need to be on guard again. When I think about the new normal, I’m fine with that post-COVID-19 life. I hope we can keep this appreciation that not everyone’s immune system functions in the same way and some people do need to be more cautious. This makes me think of the classic home-design advice: “You need to take everything out of a room to know what you want to put back.” We’ve taken everything out of the room, and I hope we put back empathy, understanding and tolerance.
24. What can we know about the author’s family
A. They are very sociable. B. They were exhausted by emergencies.
C. They have comprehensive medical knowledge. D. They were always in emergency-preparedness mode.
25. Which of the following might be a land mine for Gus
A. Enjoying Snickers with other kids. B. Playing games with kids on Halloween.
C. Giving home-made cookies to his friends. D. Wiping the table down when eating at home.
26. Why did the author no longer feel strange during the pandemic
A. Everyone paid great attention to health. B. She became accustomed to COVID-19 life.
C. More people became particular about food. D. She succeeded in affecting people around her.
27. What is the author’s attitude towards post-COVID-19 life
A. Puzzled. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Concerned.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在新冠期间的生活以及保护自身健康安全所做的努力。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“We know the closest emergency room and exactly what to do during a reaction. Our preparedness to guard against a worst-case situation felt like a win when the pandemic hit. Our everyday caution, which can be exhausting and make us feel awkward at social events, is now a great advantage.(我们知道最近的急诊室，也知道在紧急情况下该怎么做。当疫情来袭时，我们防范最坏情况的准备感觉就像一场胜利。我们每天的谨慎，可能会让我们筋疲力尽，让我们在社交场合感到尴尬，现在是一个很大的优势)”可知，作者的家庭总是处于应急准备状态。故选D。
25. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Stuck at home with just the food we cook ourselves, we’ve been safe from all the land mines, like big holiday parties with boxes of walnut cookies, or Halloween, with kids eating Snickers while sticking their hands into shared bowls.(呆在家里，只吃我们自己做的食物，我们已经远离了所有的地雷，比如有盒装核桃饼干的大型节日聚会，或者万圣节，孩子们一边吃士力架，一边把手伸进共用的碗里的地雷)”可知，和其他孩子一起享用士力架可能是格斯的地雷。故选A。
26. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The whole world was in prevention mode, weighing what might have touched their groceries or takeout food. We all wash our hands now whether our kids have food allergies or not. We all might call ahead to double-check a restaurant’s precautions and whether the chef wears gloves. I didn’t feel strange anymore. (整个世界都处于预防模式，衡量可能接触到他们的杂货或外卖食品的东西。不管我们的孩子是否对食物过敏，我们都会洗手。我们都可能会提前打电话，仔细检查餐厅的预防措施，以及厨师是否戴手套。我不再觉得奇怪了)”可知，作者在大流行期间不再感到奇怪因为每个人都很注意健康。故选A。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“When I think about the new normal, I’m fine with that post-COVID-19 life.(当我想到新常态时，我对新冠后的生活很满意)”可知，作者对新冠肺炎后生活的态度是积极的。故选B。
C
Dogs may have the title of our best friends through their interactions with humans, but now researchers say these social skills could be present shortly after birth rather than being learned.
To better understand the role of biology in dogs’ abilities to communicate with humans, the researchers studied 375 eight-week-old service dogs. They looked at how these dogs performed in a series of tasks designed to measure their communication skills. The puppies were still living with their littermates (同窝出生者) and had not been sent to live with a volunteer puppy raiser, making it unlikely that they had learned about his or her behavior.
In the first task, a person hid a treat beneath one of two overturned cups and pointed to it to see if the puppy could follow the gesture. Since dogs are good at using noses to find things, a treat was also taped to the insides of both cups. In the second task, puppies watched as the researchers placed a yellow block next to the correct cup, instead of pointing to indicate where the puppy should look for the food.
The third task was designed to observe puppies’ tendency to look at human faces. The researchers spoke to the puppy in a voice people sometimes use when talking to a baby. They then measured how long the puppy fixed a stare on the human. In the last task, researchers sealed a treat inside a closed container and presented it to the puppy. They then measured how often the puppy looked to the human for help in opening the container.
The study found that while many of the puppies were responsive to humans’ physical and verbal cues, very few looked to humans for help with the unsolvable task. Researchers said, “This suggests that while puppies may be born knowing how to respond to human-initiated communication, the ability to initiate (发起) communication on their own may come later.” The next step will be to see if specific genes that may contribute to dogs’ abilities to communicate with humans can be identified.
28. Why were eight-week-old service dogs chosen for the study
A. They were cute and safe to deal with.
B. They were the best age to learn.
C. They had had little contact with humans before.
D. They were unlikely influenced by their mates.
29. What is the researchers’ purpose in taping food to both cups
A. To provide clues for the puppies’ final decisions.
B. To make comparisons between different conditions.
C. To check the puppies’ preference for a particular color.
D. To prevent the puppies from making use of their smell.
30. What can we know from the study
A. Puppies can understand our body language.
B. Puppies are good at asking humans for help.
C. Puppies are born to initiate communication with humans.
D. Puppies need specific genes to communicate with humans.
31. What’s the main idea of the text
A. Dogs are born to be able to learn. B. Dogs are born to understand humans.
C. Dogs are talented performers. D. Dogs are humans’ best friends.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于狗天生就能理解人类的研究过程以及研究发现小狗可能一出生就知道如何回应人类发起的交流，但它们自己发起交流的能力可能要晚一些。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The puppies were still living with their littermates (同窝出生者) and had not been sent to live with a volunteer puppy raiser, making it unlikely that they had learned about his or her behavior. (这些小狗仍然和它们同窝出生的小狗生活在一起，没有被送到志愿者养狗人那里，所以它们不太可能了解他或她的行为)”可知，选择8个星期大的小狗是因为它们还未与人类有过接触及互动，符合实验的设计要求。故选C。
29. 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Since dogs are good at using noses to find things a treat was also taped to the insides of both cups. (因为狗狗擅长用鼻子找东西，所以两个杯子的里面都粘上了零食)”可推知，这样做是为了避免小狗使用自己的嗅觉做出判断。故选D。
30. 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The study found that while many of the puppies were responsive to humans’ physical and verbal cues, very few looked to humans for help with the unsolvable task. (研究发现，虽然许多小狗对人类的身体和语言暗示有反应，但很少有小狗在无法解决的任务上寻求人类的帮助)”可知，小狗对人类的肢体和语言暗示有反应，即能理解人类的一些肢体语言。故选A。
31. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Dogs may have earned the title of our best friends through their interactions with humans, but now researchers say these social skills could, be present shortly after birth rather than being learned. (通过与人类的互动，狗狗可能赢得了我们最好的朋友的称号，但现在研究人员表示，这些社交技能可能在出生后不久就会出现，而不是后天习得的)”可知，文章主要介绍了关于狗天生就能理解人类的研究过程以及研究发现小狗可能一出生就知道如何回应人类发起的交流，但它们自己发起交流的能力可能要晚一些。由此可知，B选项“狗生来就能理解人类”能够概括文章大意。故选B。
D
In recent years, it seems that we are slowly coming to understand that animals like elephants, monkeys and pigs have not just brains, but complicated inner and social lives thanks to scientific advances in our understanding of animal minds. Yet that awareness hasn’t made itself felt to much greater degree in our closest relationship with animals: at the dinner table.
With Personalities on the Plate, Barbara King asks us to think hard about our meat eating and how we might reduce it. King does not criticize. Instead, she takes us chapter by chapter on a cook’s tour of animals we humans eat, from insects to pigs and dogs, while exploring the latest scientific discoveries about their intelligence and feelings that we humans often wrongly claim uniquely for ourselves.
Built on a mix of firsthand experience and close engagement with the work of scientists, farmers and chefs, Personalities on the Plate has successfully built a case for them as beings that deserve more than a trip down our stomachs. With humor and tales of animals acting as individuals expressing their emotions, Personalities on the Plate takes us on an unforgettable journey through the world of animals we eat.
“This thoughtful book is not about whether we ‘should’ or ‘shouldn’t’ eat meat. Barbara King looks at the range of values and consequences surrounding farming and feasting, and at who we are considering eating,” says Carl Safina, author of Beyond Words: What Animals Think and Feel. “Her book gives me a richer understanding. Her method and passion are effective. I ended the book agreeing that I can — and should — help these creatures and our environment by choosing to eat fewer of them or none at all.”
32. What does the author suggest in the first paragraph
A. Lots of people plan to stop eating meat.
B. Meat consumption should be increased.
C. Scientists should do more to protect animals.
D. Our diet is hardly influenced by our knowledge.
33. What can we know about Personalities on the Plate
A. It openly opposes meat eating. B. It is written by scientists and chefs.
C. It includes humorous and vivid stories. D. It denies animals’ intelligence and feelings.
34. What does Carl Safina say about King’s book
A. Its method is too subjective. B. Its conclusion is convincing.
C. The book is tightly organized. D. The evidences are contradictory.
35. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A. To review a book. B. To recommend an author.
C. To promote a diet. D. To advocate animals’ rights.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了Barbara King的新作——Personalities on the Plate。
32. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Yet that awareness hasn’t made itself felt to much greater degree in our closest relationship with animals: at the dinner table.(然而，在我们与动物最亲密的关系中，即在餐桌上，这种意识并没有得到更大程度的感受)”可知，尽管我们对动物的认知有很大的进步，但这并没有影响我们吃肉的胃口。故选D。
33. 细节理解题。根据第三段“With humor and tales of animals acting as individuals expressing their emotions, Personalities on the Plate takes us on an unforgettable journey through the world of animals we eat.(通过幽默和动物个体表达情感的故事，Personalities on the Plate带我们踏上了一段难忘的旅程，穿越我们吃的动物的世界)”可知，Personalities on the Plate一书包括幽默和生动的故事。故选C。
34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I ended the book agreeing that I can — and should — help these creatures and our environment by choosing to eat fewer of them or none at all.(读完这本书后，我同意我可以——也应该——通过选择少吃或不吃这些动物来帮助这些生物和我们的环境)”可推断，Carl Safina认为这本书的结论是令人信服的。故选B。
35. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“King does not criticize. Instead, she takes us chapter by chapter on a cook’s tour of animals we humans eat (King从不批评。相反，她一章一章地带我们去烹饪人类食用的动物)”、第三段中“With humor and tales of animals acting as individuals expressing their emotions (通过幽默和动物个体表达情感的故事)”以及第四段中“Her book gives me a richer understanding. Her method and passion are effective.(她的书给了我更丰富的理解。她的方法和热情是有效的)”可知，作者主要在评价Barbara King的新作。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Play is so much more than just a way to kill the time. Behind every game and puzzle lies a powerful force shaping a child’s development. 36 Dive in, and you’ll discover the science behind it.
When children engage in play, they do more than just have fun. They’re actively constructing their brains. Neural pathways (神经通络), those complex networks responsible for thought, learning, and emotion, are solidified during these leisure activities. Much like constructing a home requires more than just bricks, it’s about laying a strong foundation. For the maturing brain, play is that vital foundation. 37 These connections don’t just serve immediate childlike wonder; they lay the groundwork for future cognitive and emotional adaptability.
Beyond cognitive and emotional development, leisure activities are crucial in securing a child’s physical health and coordination (协调性). Whether it’s running or jumping rope, these actions develop a child’s fine motor skills. Such physical engagements push children to be more aware of their body movements and surroundings. 38 Through play, kids develop a symbiotic (共生的) relationship between mind and body.
In the dynamic ecosystem of a child’s growth, leisure activities weave in threads of academic enhancement without the traditional pressures of formal education. 39 Beyond the fun, kids are absorbing lessons in logic, pattern recognition, and critical thinking. Similarly, engaging in board games or interactive storytelling sessions introduces them to fundamental math, language, and strategy concepts in a relaxed atmosphere. This stress-free combination of play and learning allows kids to develop academically without realizing they’re on an educational journey.
Play is more than just a leisure activity for kids. It’s an essential tool that helps better brain development, physical health and so much more. 40
A. But why, exactly, is play so vital for kids
B. And how, precisely, do you dive in games and puzzles
C. The diversity of play equips the brain with neural connections.
D. Take, for instance, the seemingly simple act of assembling a puzzle.
E. Therefore, kids who play more will deal with the difficulties better in the future.
F. The constant feedback creates a rich environment for enhancing physical capabilities.
G. By understanding it, you can provide your child with the best foundation for a bright future.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. F 39. D 40. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游戏对孩子大脑所产生的影响。
36. 根据前文“Play is so much more than just a way to kill the time. Behind every game and puzzle lies a powerful force shaping a child’s development.(玩耍不仅仅是一种消磨时间的方式。在每一个游戏和谜题的背后都有一股强大的力量塑造着孩子的发展)”以及后文“Dive in, and you’ll discover the science behind it. (深入研究，你会发现它背后的科学原理)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，空前提出有悖于常识的新观点，即游戏不仅仅消磨时间，还对孩子的发展有大作用，所以A项“But why, exactly, is play so vital for kids (但是，究竟为什么玩耍对孩子如此重要呢 )”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选A项。
37. 根据前文“For the maturing brain, play is that vital foundation.(对于成熟的大脑来说，玩耍是至关重要的基础)”以及后文“These connections don’t just serve immediate childlike wonder; they lay the groundwork for future cognitive and emotional adaptability.(这些联系不仅仅是为了满足孩子们的好奇心；它们为未来的认知和情感适应性奠定了基础)”可知，空前讲述对于发育中的大脑来说，玩耍是至关重要的基础，空后讲述这些联系不仅仅是为了满足孩子们的好奇心，也奠定了认知和情感适应性的基础。故设空处应将“游戏，脑发育，联系”结合在一起，所以C项“The diversity of play equips the brain with neural connections.(游戏的多样性为大脑提供了神经连接)”符合文意，承上启下，其中connections和下文为同词复现。故选C项。
38. 根据前文“Beyond cognitive and emotional development, leisure activities are crucial in securing a child’s physical health and coordination (协调性). Whether it’s running or jumping rope, these actions develop a child’s fine motor skills. Such physical engagements push children to be more aware of their body movements and surroundings. (除了认知和情感发展之外，休闲活动对于确保儿童的身体健康和协调能力也至关重要。无论是跑步还是跳绳，这些动作都能培养孩子的精细运动技能。这样的身体活动促使孩子们更加注意自己的身体动作和周围环境)”可知，本段主要讲述了休闲活动对于保障孩子的身体健康和协调能力至关重要，所以F项“The constant feedback creates a rich environment for enhancing physical capabilities.(持续的反馈为增强身体能力创造了丰富的环境)”是对前文情况的总结，说明休闲活动所产生的持续的反馈为增强身体能力创造了丰富的环境。故选F项。
39. 根据前文“In the dynamic ecosystem of a child’s growth, leisure activities weave in threads of academic enhancement without the traditional pressures of formal education. (在儿童成长的动态生态系统中，休闲活动在没有传统正规教育压力的情况下编织着学业提高的线索)”以及后文“Beyond the fun, kids are absorbing lessons in logic, pattern recognition, and critical thinking. Similarly, engaging in board games or interactive storytelling sessions introduces them to fundamental math, language, and strategy concepts in a relaxed atmosphere. (除了乐趣之外，孩子们还在学习逻辑、模式识别和批判性思维。同样地，参与桌游或互动式讲故事会在轻松的氛围中向他们介绍基本的数学、语言和策略概念)”可知，前文提出本段主题，后文是通过举例说明，所以D项“Take, for instance, the seemingly simple act of assembling a puzzle.(以组装拼图这个看似简单的行为为例)”符合文意，举例说明上文提到观点，拼图游戏可以让孩子学习逻辑、模式识别和批判性思维。故选D项。
40. 分析设空，位于尾段段尾，是对本文进行总结，根据前文“Play is more than just a leisure activity for kids. It’s an essential tool that helps better brain development, physical health and so much more. (玩耍对孩子来说不仅仅是一种休闲活动。它是一个重要的工具，有助于更好的大脑发育，身体健康等等)”可知，G项“By understanding it, you can provide your child with the best foundation for a bright future.(通过理解它，你可以为你的孩子提供一个光明的未来最好的基础)”承接上文，且和首段相呼应，对前文做出总结。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2019, Tomas Quinones undertook a 7-day bike trip, covering some remote desert in Oregon. His trip was 41 with the usual difficulties. He lost his shoes and was only relying on a pair of sandals (凉鞋). His water supply was sometimes 42 . But there were also moments of unexpected 43 : A couple offered to share their lunch; a guy in the truck asked if he needed any help.
On the last day of his trip, he was riding down a dusty track when he met a man lying unconscious in the desert. 44 , he was dehydrated (脱水的). Quinones tried to give him some water with little 45 . Luckily, he called the emergency rescue team and an ambulance soon arrived. The man he 46 was an explorer who had been lost in the desert for 5 days. “I never had any 47 about what I would do,” said Quinones. He had received some gestures of help on the trip, so he 48 .
It’s likely that if you’ve spent any time in the wild, you’ll have 49 these gestures of kindness from strangers or given them yourself too even if they are nothing so 50 as the aid given by Quinones.
What is it about being outside in nature that makes people want to help others One opinion is that in the wild, there may not be any other 51 , so according to the “bystander effect”, the more people who are in the presence of someone needing help, the less likely any of those are to actually provide it. Another opinion is that exposure to nature can make people look beyond themselves, 52 a sense of connection to others and to the world as a whole.
When we risk going into the wild, we become weak. And being in that position usually makes us 53 the world differently. So, in the wild, where we’re taken away from our normal possessions, surroundings and identities, we seem more 54 to go the extra mile for someone. It’s in nature that bonds of humanity are 55 .
41. A. flooded B. marked C. covered D. connected
42. A. unbelievable B. unusual C. unsafe D. uncertain
43. A. kindness B. appreciation C. belief D. comfort
44. A. Unexpectedly B. Unfortunately C. Obviously D. Shortly
45. A. confidence B. success C. survival D. relief
46. A. rescued B. accompanied C. knew D. admired
47. A. decision B. sense C. doubt D. surprise
48. A. got it back B. paid it forward C. carried it through D. did it over
49. A. made B. understood C. remembered D. experienced
50. A. simple B. natural C. dramatic D. slight
51. A. help B. choice C. luck D. sign
52. A. bringing B. promoting C. keeping D. providing
53. A. adapt to B. focus on C. travel around D. look at
54. A. pleased B. disappointed C. relaxed D. worried
55. A. recovered B. loosened C. strengthened D. broken
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了托马斯·奎诺内斯在为期七天的“骑自行车”旅行中得到别人的帮助，也帮助了一个在沙漠中昏迷的人。研究表明，在野外，人们更愿意为一些人付出更多的努力，去帮助他们。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的旅行标记有寻常的困难。A. flooded淹没；B. marked标记；C. covered覆盖；D. connected联系。根据下文“He lost his shoes and was only relying on a pair of sandals (凉鞋). His water supply was sometimes __42__.”可知，奎诺内斯的旅行中被标记有寻常的困难，be marked with表示“标记，标有”，符合题意。故选B项。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的供水有时不确定。A. unbelievable难以置信的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unsafe不安全的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据上文“His trip was __41__ with the usual difficulties.”以及“His water supply was sometimes”可知，奎诺内斯的旅行有一些寻常的困难，供水有时会不确定。故选D项。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但也有一些意想不到的善意时刻：一对夫妇主动提出分享他们的午餐；卡车上的一个人问他是否需要帮助。A. kindness善良；B. appreciation赞赏；C. belief信念；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“A couple offered to share their lunch; a guy in the truck asked if he needed any help.”可知，此处表示旅行中有一些意想不到的善意时刻。故选A项。
44. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，他脱水了。A. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. Unfortunately不幸的是；C. Obviously显然地；D. Shortly不久。根据上文“he was riding down a dusty track when he met a man lying unconscious in the desert.”以及下文“Quinones tried to give him some water with little __45__.”可知，男子在沙漠中不省人事，奎诺内斯试图给他一些水，所以此处表示男子明显是脱水了。故选C项。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奎诺内斯试图给他一些水，但收效甚微。A. confidence信心；B. success成功；C. survival存活；D. relief救济。根据下文“Luckily, he called the emergency rescue team and an ambulance soon arrived.”以及语境可知，奎诺内斯试图给男子一些水，但是没有取得很大的成效，with little success表示“收效甚微”。故选B项。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他救出的那个人是一个在沙漠中迷路5天的探险家。A. rescued拯救；B. accompanied伴随；C. knew知道；D. admired钦佩。根据上文“Quinones tried to give him some water with little __45__. Luckily, he called the emergency rescue team and an ambulance soon arrived.”可知，此处表示奎诺内斯从沙漠中救出来的男子。故选A项。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奎诺内斯说：“我从未怀疑过自己会做什么。”。A. decision决定；B. sense感觉；C. doubt怀疑；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文“He had received some gestures of help on the trip, so he __48__.”可知，奎诺内斯曾经得到过别人的帮助，所以在给别人提供帮助时从没怀疑过自己会做什么。故选C项。
48. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在旅途中收到了一些帮助的行动，所以他回报善行。A. got it back找回，取回；B. paid it forward回报善行；C. carried it through坚持到底；D. did it over再做一次。根据上文“But there were also moments of unexpected __43__: A couple offered to share their lunch; a guy in the truck asked if he needed any help.”以及“Quinones tried to give him some water with little __45__. Luckily, he called the emergency rescue team and an ambulance soon arrived.”可知，奎诺内斯曾经得到过别人的帮助，所以在别人需要帮助时，奎诺内斯回报了善行，pay forward表示“回报善行”。故选B项。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在野外待过一段时间，你很可能会经历过陌生人的善意行动，或者你自己也给予了他们，即使这些行动没有奎诺内斯的帮助那么引人注目。A. made制作；B. understood理解；C. remembered记得；D. experienced经历。根据下文“these gestures of kindness from strangers”以及语境可知，此处表示在野外可能会经历陌生人给与的善意行动。故选D项。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你在野外待过一段时间，你很可能会经历过陌生人的善意行动，或者你自己也给予了他们，即使这些行动没有奎诺内斯的帮助那么引人注目。A. simple简单的；B. natural自然的；C. dramatic引人注目的；D. slight轻微的。根据上文“Quinones tried to give him some water with little __45__. Luckily, he called the emergency rescue team and an ambulance soon arrived. The man he __46__ was an explorer who had been lost in the desert for 5 days.”可知，奎诺内斯救了一位在沙漠中迷路五天的探险家的生命，所以此处表示他提供的帮助是引人注目的。故选C项。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种观点认为，在野外，可能没有任何其他帮助，因此根据“旁观者效应”，越多的人在需要帮助的人面前，他们中的任何人越不太可能真正提供帮助。A. help帮助；B. choice选择；C. luck幸运；D. sign迹象。根据上文“What is it about being outside in nature that makes people want to help others One opinion is that in the wild, there may not be any other”可知，此处表示在野外可能没有任何其他可以被提供的帮助。故选A项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一种观点是，接触大自然可以让人们超越自我，促进与他人和整个世界的联系。A. bringing带来；B. promoting促进；C. keeping保持；D. providing提供。根据下文“a sense of connection to others and to the world as a whole”以及语境可知，此处表示接触大自然可以促进人们与他人和与全世界的联系。故选B项。
53. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：处于这种位置通常会让我们以不同的眼光看待世界。A. adapt to适应；B. focus on专注于；C. travel around游历；D. look at看。根据下文“So, in the wild, where we’re taken away from our normal possessions, surroundings and identities,”可知，此处表示在野外时，人们通常会以不同的眼光看待世界。故选D项。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在野外，我们被剥夺了正常的财产、环境和身份，我们似乎更乐意为某人付出更多的努力。A. pleased乐意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. relaxed放松的；D. worried担心的。根据上文“Another opinion is that exposure to nature can make people look beyond themselves, __52__ a sense of connection to others and to the world as a whole.”以及下文“to go the extra mile for someone”可知，接触大自然促进人们与他人和整个世界的联系，可能会更乐意为某人付出努力。故选A项。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大自然中，人类的纽带得到了加强。A. recovered恢复；B. loosened松开；C. strengthened加强；D. broken打破。根据上文“Another opinion is that exposure to nature can make people look beyond themselves, __52__ a sense of connection to others and to the world as a whole.”以及“It’s in nature that bonds of humanity are”可知，此处表示在大自然中，人与人之间的纽带得到加强。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research says nuts could be a 56 (value), tasty and nutritious slimming help. Researchers from Harvard University suggested that people replace a daily unhealthy snack 57 a small handful of nuts to slow down weight gain. This is 58 (especial) helpful for people as they get older. The 59 (researcher) found that people who ate just 14g of nuts every day gained less weight than those 60 ate another snack. The people who ate the nuts were unlikely 61 (become) obese (肥胖的).
A long-term study 62 (conduct) by the researchers observed the lifestyle of nearly 190,000 people for over twenty years. The people in the research 63 (divide) into three groups. They included professors and nurses aged 35 to 55. They ask questions every four years about their weight, how often they ate nuts, and how often they exercised. 64 researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help reduce the weight gain, 65 might lower the chances of becoming obese.
【答案】56. valuable 57. with 58. especially 59. researchers 60. who 61. to become 62. conducted 63. were divided 64. A 65. and
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究结果：食用少量的坚果来代替不健康的零食有助于减缓体重的增加。
56. valuable 考查形容词。句意：新的研究表明，坚果可能是一种有价值、美味和营养的减肥帮助。作定语修饰help，表示“宝贵的”应用形容词valuable。故填valuable。
57. with 考查介词。句意：哈佛大学的研究人员建议人们用少量坚果代替不健康的零食，以减缓体重增加。replace ... with ...表示“用...来代替...”，是一个习语。故填with。
58. especially 考查副词。句意：随着年龄的增长，这对人们尤其有帮助。此句中修饰形容词helpful，应该用副词形式。故填especially。
59. researchers 考查名词的数。句意：研究人员发现，每天只吃14克坚果的人比另外吃零食的人体重增加得少。researcher为可数名词，根据上文Researchers from Harvard University可知用复数形式。故填researchers。
60. who 考查定语从句。此空前的先行词是those，指人，应该用who。故填who。
61. to become 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃坚果的人不太可能变得肥胖。结合句意表示“不太可能做某事”短语为be unlikely to do sth.。故填to become。
62. conducted 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员进行了一项长达20多年的长期研究，观察了近19万人的生活方式。分析句子结构可知conduct在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语study构成被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。
63. were divided 考查时态和语态。句意：参与研究的人被分成三组。根据上下文可知，这里应该用过去时态。故填were divided。
64. A 考查冠词。句意：一名研究人员表示，用坚果代替不太健康的食物可能有助于减少体重增加，并可能降低肥胖的几率。researcher为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且researcher是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a，句首单词首字母要大写。故填A。
65. and 考查并列连词。此处和前面的might help ... 一起构成宾语从句中的并列谓语，表示“而且”。故填and。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
上周六你参加了一次“走进敬老院”的志愿活动，请你写一篇短文向学校英文报投稿。内容包括：
1. 活动简介；
2. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Volunteering Experience
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My Volunteering Experience
Last Saturday, I joined a group of volunteers to serve at a local nursing home. As a volunteer, besides chatting with the elderly and listening to their stories, I invited them to join in various activities together, such as playing games and doing art projects. It was really heartwarming to see the smiles on their faces.
Through this activity, I have learned the power of companionship and the importance of care. Moreover, being a volunteer has taught me the value of giving back to the community. It has turned out to be an incredibly rewarding experience.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文向学校英文报投稿，介绍上周六所参加的一次“走进敬老院”的志愿活动以及感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
除……之外（还）：besides→in addition to 参加：join in→take part in
各种各样的：various→a variety of 此外：moreover→what’s more
2. 句式拓展：同义句转换
原句：As a volunteer, besides chatting with the elderly and listening to their stories, I invited them to join in various activities together, such as playing games and doing art projects.
拓展句：As a volunteer, I not only chatted with the elderly and listened to their stories, but also invited them to join in various activities together, such as playing games and doing art projects.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It was really heartwarming to see the smiles on their faces. (运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语)
【高分句型2】Moreover, being a volunteer has taught me the value of giving back to the community. (运用了动名词短语作主语和宾语)
第二节（满分 25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He worked hard to earn exceptional marks and always tried to behave well. But he was so sensitive and shy that he always hid behind his hair, which he wore long around his face. To make it worse, Marco was naturally shorter than the other kids. This added to his already low self-confidence.
At 14, he and his younger sister Sandra moved in with their dad and his new wife. His father was busy and their communication was nonexistent. The only time his dad ever spoke to him was to be demanding or critical. He began to fear coming home from school every day, feeling desperately alone and isolated.
One day his father, tripped over Marco’s bike in the garage. The angry reaction left Marco in despair, thus crying out, “That’s it! I’m going to kill myself.”
“You don’t even have the guts!” replied his father.
For two days, all Marco could think of was wanting to die, but he didn’t want to prove his father was right. Angry and sad, Marco was stuck.
Two days later, his aunt called him. This seemed like a miracle. Aunt Ginette usually only called on his birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest and she thought about him. She told him she firmly believed he could perform on stage like those kids, since she had seen him do skits (幽默短剧) for the family at Christmas.
Marco was shocked. Him In a public speaking contest, which was contrary to his shy personality But Aunt Ginette was sure it was something he could do. Feeling her strong belief, Marco agreed.
All that winter, twice a week after dinner, he took three different buses in each direction for the three-hour round-trip to practice in the place where the competition would take place. Marco was taken by a feeling he never felt before. The hours and the obstacles no longer counted. The criticism from his father around his absence for after-dinner chores didn’t matter.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Four months later, the big night arrived. _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With the championship, Marco’s new life started. _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Four months later, the big night arrived. His family members were all in the audience. The nine other contestants were all older than him. Marco was overwhelmed-the whole thing just felt so much bigger than him, and butterflies filled his stomach. But when he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt totally at home, totally at peace, and a kind of bliss stole over him. He was funny, witty and acted extremely natural as he spoke. The audience loved him, offering thunderous applause from time to time! He felt energized and very alive-it felt like a real birth. To his amazement and delight, he won!
With the championship, Marco’s new life started. His long hair was never seen. His self-esteem and self-confidence started to grow. Not only did he regain his hope for life, but he also came to realize he deserved to be happy and respected. Love and attention from his father was solid evidence of that. He even started giving speeches based on his own life to inspire others to be brave and confident. That contest was a truly defining moment in his life. It all happened because of a single phone call, from one single person who simply believed in him. Such confidence in Marco did make a big difference.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了当马可还是个孩子的时候，他想尽一切办法得到父亲的爱和关注。他努力学习，取得优异的成绩，并总是努力表现良好。但他太敏感、太害羞了。于是马克在阿姨的鼓励下，参加了一次公开演讲比赛，最后因为他风趣、机智，说话时表现得非常自然，观众们都很喜欢他，他也获得了自信。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“四个月后，重要的夜晚到来了”可知，第一段可描写马克比赛时的出色表现以及观众对他的看法。
②由第二段首句内容“随着冠军的到来，马可的新生活开始了”可知，第二段可描写马克变得自信，那场比赛是他一生中真正的决定性时刻。
2.续写线索：比赛开始——感到紧张——表现出色——赢得喜爱——发生改变——马克感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类：①鼓舞：inspire /encourage ②开始：begin/start ③意识到：realize /be aware of
情绪类：①幽默：witty/humorous ②惊讶：amazement/surprise
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only did he regain his hope for life, but he also came to realize he deserved to be happy and respected. (运用了倒装句)
[高分句型2] But when he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt totally at home, totally at peace, and a kind of bliss stole over him. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
听力原文
Text 1
M: I have finally passed my driving exam (1)! The driving lessons cost so much money! It cost more than the old car I bought.
W: Congratulations!
Text 2
W: How do you feel today after cutting all that wood
M: My shoulder aches. I think I did too much yesterday (2).
W: Take it easy today. Watch some movies and I’ll cook a nice meal for you.
Text 3
M: It’s going to rain all day according to the weather forecast (3).
W: Well, and it’s too windy tomorrow, so that ruins our plan to go hiking. I was hoping today would be sunny!
Text 4
M: I believe Tom is home from university tomorrow. I’d like to see him.
W: He’ll arrive at about 8:00 or 9:00 am, but he needs to rest. We’ll have dinner at 5:00 pm (4). Would you like to join us
M: Great.
Text 5
M: I think I’d be an excellent candidate for the job. I’ve had lots of experience working in sales (5)—and I’m really good with people, like you.
W: I’m not good with numbers, though, which is a big part of the job. But that is one of your strengths.
Text 6
M: OK, take the liquid and carefully pour it into the test tube (6).
W: Isn’t this a bit risky, sir My dad is also a teacher and he says science can be dangerous.
M: Not if we take care and do it correctly. Now, once you have poured all of the liquid in, wait for it to react.
W: That’s strange—there’s a lot of smoke coming out of the tube!
M: Don’t worry—that’s supposed to happen. Just keep watching with your teammates (7). What else do you notice
W: The color is changing! I love science!
Text 7
M: Is that a new bike, Lucy (10) It looks nice with a bright color.
W: Well, my sister bought it from a friend (8), but she hardly ever used it. I borrowed it so often that last month she just said I could keep it.
M: That was very generous of her. My brother would never lend me anything (9), let alone give a bike to me.
W: My sister doesn’t value too much of such thing.
M: That’s a good way to be. The less you own, the less you have to tie you down and worry about.
W: That’s right. How long have you kept your bike
M: A couple of years now. It’s always been a good one.
Text 8
M: This French cave is one of the best in the world in terms of ancient history.
W: When you say “ancient”, how far back in time are we talking 500 years
M: Try again.
W: 1.000 years
M: Most experts believe the cave paintings you see on the wall are around 17,000 years old (11).
W: What ! Are you serious That’s incredible. I’m so glad we came to visit this cave. Staying at the hotel all day was becoming a bit boring, to be honest. I love getting close to history in this way.
M: Me too. As soon as I heard we were staying in this area, I immediately thought of these caves (13).
W: I didn’t realize you had heard of it. What else do you know
M: Well, the cave was first discovered in 1940, opened to the public in 1948, then closed again in 1963. Because I’m a university professor (12), the staff here allow us to get in.
W: Wow! Thank you for taking me.
Text 9
W: You’ve traveled a lot, haven’t you, Stuart I’m about to go traveling myself for the first time. What advice would you give me (14)
M: Well, there are lots of things I can tell you. Is there anything specific you want to know
W: I do worry about getting lost (15). If I land in another city, in another part of the world, how can I find my way around
M: When I arrive somewhere for the first time, I always try to get a map of the area from the airport or the hotel I’m staying at.
W: Have you ever found yourself somewhere strange, with no map or directions
M: Oh, many a time. The thing to do then is ask for directions. But don’t just ask one person, because some people don’t like to admit they don’t know. Ask several people (17).
W: Who are the best people to ask
M: It depends. Obviously, tourists might not be familiar with the area, and children might not know some places. Delivery people are good, because they drive around different places all the time (16).
Text 10
M: Today I want to talk about the importance of being prepared. There is a famous saying that goes: “If you fail to prepare, prepare to fail.” It’s famous because it is so true. Let me share with you a story that happened to me recently that proves this.
Over the summer, I had to get the main bedroom of my house rebuilt. Last week, I organized for a building examination for 11 o’clock on Monday (18). Well, at 10:55, I was still in the shower. I had forgotten all about it! When the examiner knocked on the door, I rushed out of the shower. However, I hadn’t taken the time to upgrade all the paperwork (19). I was totally unprepared—not to mention completely embarrassed! By 11:05, the examiner had left. He couldn’t wait around for me to get ready as he was scheduled for another job somewhere else. I made him angry by wasting his time. Unfortunately, I had to book another appointment—and I had to pay twice!
