牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 2 Natural disasters重点词汇导学案（无答案）

必修三U2重点词汇+单句填空+课文填空
【一、课前回顾】
必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance 默写
序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换
1 harm n.& vt.伤害，损害 harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的
2 soil n.土壤；国土，领土，土地
3 *ecosystem n.生态系统
4 overseas adj.海外的，国外的 adv.在海外，向国外
5 region n.地区，区域；行政区 regional adj.地区的，区域的
6 continent n.大陆，陆地，洲
7 million n.一百万；许多，大量 millionaire n.百万富翁
8 length n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 lengthen v.使延长，加长，延长，变长 long adj.(长度或距离)长的，长期的，长时间的
9 biodiversity n.生物多样性
10 specie n.种，物种
11 nut n.坚果Brazil nut 巴西坚果
12 *lily n.百合(花)water lily 睡莲
13 variety n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 vary v.变化，改变，使有变化，使多样化 various/varied adj.不同的，各种各样的 variable adj.可变的，变化无常的
14 wildlife n.野生动植物，野生生物
15 beneath prep.在…下面，下方；配不上
16 mass n.大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 massive adj.大量的，巨大的，厚重的
17 towering adj.高大的，高耸的； 出色的 tower n.塔
18 hardwood n.阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)
19 living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n.生计，谋生；生活方式 live v.居住，生存adj.活的，实况转播，现场表演 lively adj.活泼的，生动的，真实的，生气勃勃的 alive adj.活着的(作后置定语)
20 *mammal n.哺乳动物
21 *jaguar n.美洲豹，美洲虎
22 survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 survival n.生/幸存，残存物 adj.赖以生存的 survivor n.生存者，幸存者
23 frog n.蛙，青蛙
24 insect n.昆虫
25 microorganism n.微生物 organism n.有机物
26 nutrient n.营养素，营养物 nutrition n.营养 nutritious adj.富有营养的 nutritional adj.营养(相关)的
27 carbon n.碳
28 oxygen n.氧，氧气
29 thus adv.因此，从而；这样
30 disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪
31 agriculture n.农业，农学 agricultural adj.农业的 (adv. agriculturally)
32 cattle n.牛
33 impact n.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击
34 extinction n.灭绝 ，绝种 extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的
35 damage vt.& n.损害，伤害，破坏 damaged adj.被损坏的，受损伤的；有心理创伤的
36 climate n.气候；倾向，风气
37 global adj.全球的；全面的 globe n.球体，地球，地球仪 globalization n.全球化
38 greenhouse n.温室，暖房
39 gas n.气体；煤气；汽油
40 drought n.旱灾，久旱
41 application n.应用，运用；申请 apply v.应用，运用，申请 applicant n.申请人
42 brochure n.小册子
43 organization n.组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 organize v.组织，使有条理 organized adj.有组织的，安排有秩序的，有条理的 organizer n.组织者
44 absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其 absolute adj.绝对的，完全的
45 belt n.地带，地区；腰带；传送带
46 medal n.奖章，勋章
47 image n.形象；图像；意象
48 shark n.鲨鱼
49 whale n.鲸
50 deer(pl.deer) n. 鹿
51 track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n.足迹；踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
52 habitat n.生活环境，栖息地
53 nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不
54 dolphin n.海豚
55 resident n.居民，住户
56 chief n.首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的
57 committee n.委员会
58 entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地 entire adj.完全的
59 smog n.雾霾，烟雾
60 protest vi.反对，抗议 n.抗议，反对 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 protester n.抗议者
61 profit n.利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 profitable adj.有利可图的，有益的 non-profit adj.非营利性的，不以营利为目的的
62 defence (AmE defense) n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 defend v.辩解，辩护，保护，防守，防护，保卫 defendant n.被告(人) defensive adj.防御的，保护的，保卫的，戒备的，怀有戒心的，自卫的，防守的
63 process n.过程，进 程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理
64 economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 economy n.经济 economics n.经济学 economical adj.节俭的，合算的，经济上节省的
65 policy n.政策，方针；原则
66 branch n.(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支
67 strategy n.策略，计划；策划，部署
68 recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 recyclable adj.可回收的 recycling n.回收利用
69 subway n.地铁；地下人行道
70 former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的
71 official n.官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 officially adv.正式地，官方地office n.办公室，官职 officer n.官员，高级职员，警官，军官
72 poverty n.贫穷，贫困；贫乏 poor adj.穷的 (adv.poorly)
73 poison vt.污染；毒死 n.毒物，毒药 poisonous adj.有毒的
74 chemical n.化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的 chemistry n.化学 chemist n.化学家，药剂师
75 consequence n.结果，后果；重要性 consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的 consequently adv.因此，结果，必然地
76 further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进 far adj.& adv.远的 farther adj.& adv.更远的/地 furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地
重要短语览一览
1.be alive with充满，到处都是(活的或动的东西)
拓展：be filled with/be full of充满
2.be concerned about担心……
3.break down使分解 (为) ，使变化(成)
拓展：break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；关系等破裂
break away from突然离开；脱离
break into破门而入；闯入
break out战争、火灾等爆发
4.breathe life into给……带来起色，注入活力
5.build up逐渐增加，扩大
6.call for (公开)要求，需要
拓展：call up使……回忆起；给……打电话
call in叫来；召来；下令收回；请求
call off取消；停止
call on/upon拜访(某人)，号召
call at拜访某个地点
7.come up with想出，想到
拓展：come about发生，产生
come across被理解，被弄懂，(偶然)发现/偶遇
come around恢复知觉，苏醒，再度发生，再次出现
come back回来，返回，再度流行，再次成功
come down崩塌，坍塌，落下，降落，下降，降低
come into being形成，存在
come out (太阳、月亮或星星)出现，开花，出版，发表
come up破土而出，(太阳)升起，被提及，被讨论
注意：come up with为及物动词短语；come up为不及物动词短语。)
8.divide...into...把……分成……(be divided into)
9.get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
拓展：be rid of sth./sb.摆脱某人/某事物
rid sb./sth. of sb./sth. (formal)去除，清除
rid oneself of sb /sth.摆脱, 从……中解脱
10.give rise to使发生(或存在)
11.point out指出
12.sign up(for)报名(参加)
13.spring to mind突然记起(或想到)
14.make up one’s mind下定决心，打定主意
15.change one’s mind改变主意
16.bear/keep...in mind/bear/keep in mind that...将……记在心中
e into one’s mind进入某人的脑海
拓展：lose one’s mind失去理智……
bring … to mind使……想起
come to mind突然想起
concentrate one’s mind on/upon …集中注意力于……；专注于……
18.a variety of各种各样的，许多
19.one and the same同一个(人或物)
20.due to由于，因为
拓展：be due to do sth预期/预定做某事
be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人
21.hand in hand手拉手
22.in danger of处于……的危险中
23.in defence of为了保护……，为……辩护
24.in turn相应地，转而
【二、知识要点】
必修三Unit 2 Natural disasters 学习
核心词汇-1. injury
【教材原句】Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害
→injury n.伤害
→injured adj.受伤的
→the injured n.伤者/伤员(根据语境单复数都可)
②相关短语
do sb./oneself an injury=do an injury to sb./oneself使某人/自己受到伤害
be/get badly/seriously injured严重受伤，受重伤
protect from injury防止受伤
injure one’s pride/feelings/reputation伤害某人的自尊/感情/损害某人的声誉
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Last Saturday I went fishing with my fellows, only to have my left foot ________.
【答案】injured
②Apart from the ________ to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
【答案】injuries
③We held a ceremony in honour of the firefighters risking their lives to save the ________ in the big fire.
【答案】injured
④The governor called on the injured miners in the hospitals after inspecting the accident site.
【答案】injured
完成句子
⑤不要触摸那些化学制品——你会伤着自己的。Don’t touch the chemicals—you’ll __________________.
【答案】injure yourself/do yourself an injury
⑥这会严重损害公司的声誉。This could seriously _____________________.
【答案】injure the company’s reputation
⑦七人被困在星期五发生的大火里，其中四人当场受了重伤。
Seven people were caught in the big fire that broke out on Friday, _____________________ at the scene.
【答案】four of whom(=of whom four=and four of them)were/got badly/seriously injured
⑧运动员必须戴防护垫以免受伤。Players must wear padding to _________________.
【答案】protect them from injury
核心词汇-2. reaction
【教材原句】Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.(16)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
→react vi.反应
②相关短语
reaction to...对……的反应
react to对……作出反应；回应……
react with...与……起反应
react against反抗
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Judging from her ________, she liked the birthday present.
【答案】reaction
②Advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in turn, are likely to influence consumers’ ________ to products.
【答案】reactions
完成句子
③现在，格拉斯哥的家长们反对关闭25所小学的计划。
Now, parents in Glasgow ______________________________ 25 primary schools.
【答案】B are reacting against the plan to shut down
④学生们对铁与水反应缓慢的结论有什么反应？
How _______________________ that iron _________________________ water
【答案】did the students react to the conclusion, has a slow reaction with/reacts slowly with
核心词汇-3. confirm
【教材原句】After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.(P16)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
confirm v.证实，证明，确认，使确信
→confirmed adj.已被确定的，已被证实的，根深蒂固的
→confirmation n.确定，确证，确认书，证明书
②相关短语与句型
confirm sb. in sth.使某人确信某事
confirm that/wh-clause确定，证实……
It has been confirmed that(从句)，已经确定/证实/证明……
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①We hope that the enclosed draft contract will be acceptable to you and we look forward to receiving your _________.
【答案】confirmation
②The daily number of newly cured and discharged(出院)patients exceeded that of the newly ________ cases.
【答案】confirmed
完成句子
③他举了许多例子来证实他的观点。He gave many examples ____________________________.
【答案】to confirm him in his view
④已经确认巴蜀的新校区明年将投入使用。
_______________________ a new campus of Bashu Secondary School will be put into use next year.
【答案】It has been confirmed that
⑤亨利给机场打电话想确认飞往旧金山的24航班是否会准时离港。
Harry ______________________________ Flight 24 for San Francisco is departing on time.
【答案】telephoned to the airport to confirm whether
核心词汇-4. occur
【教材原句】It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.(P17)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
occur vi.发生，出现；存在于
→occurrence n.出现；发生，事件
→occurring adj.存在的
②相关短语和句型
occur in存在于，出现在
sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事
It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人突然想到做某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that...某人突然想起……
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Drunk driving, which was once a frequent _________, is now under control.
【答案】occurrence
②In the spring of 2023, the sudden climate change _________ in this area, killing a lot of crops.
【答案】occurred
③Without these naturally _________ greenhouse gases, the sun’s rays would bounce back into space, leaving the earth cold and impossible to live on.
【答案】occurring
完成句子
④我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
_________________________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
【答案】It never occurred to me/struck me/hit me that
⑤我突然想到，我可以换种方式解决这个问题。
______________________ to work out the problem in another way.
=______________________ I can work out the problem in other ways.
【答案】It occurred to me, It occurred to me that
⑥一些水果含有天然糖分，如梨、甜瓜、葡萄等。还有一些食物也含有糖分，如蘑菇、葡萄酒和奶酪。
______________________ fruits such as pears, melons and grapes, as well as foods such as mushrooms, wine, and cheese.
【答案】Sugar occurs naturally in
⑦他已经不省人事了，当我看着他的脸时，我突然想起了什么。
He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, ___________________________ me.
【答案】something occurred to me
核心词汇-5. relief
【教材原句】To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger.(P17)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
→relieve vt.减轻
→relieved adj.(感到)欣慰的
②相关短语及句型
in relief 如释重负，松了口气
to one’s relief令/让/使某人欣慰的是
(to one’s relief为了强调，可在to前面加much或者relief前加great，意为“令/让/使某人非常欣慰的是”。有相同用法的词还有：surprise, joy, regret等。)
with relief欣慰地，如释重负地
sigh with relief/breathe a sigh of relief松/舒了口气
It’s a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的
for disaster relief/for relief work用于救灾(赈灾)/用于救济(救援)工作
relieve one’s pain/ pressure减轻、缓和某人的痛苦/压力
relieve sb.of...减轻某人的……；将某人从……中解脱出来
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①With his help, I managed to take some effective measures ________ my great pressure.
【答案】to relieve
②One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ________ feelings of homesickness.
【答案】relieving
③She was ________ to hear the news that all the residents had been saved.
【答案】relieved
④Henry was capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a ________.
【答案】relief
完成句子
⑤没有人受伤，我们都松了一口气。No one was hurt, and we all _________________________.
【答案】breathed a sigh of relief/sighed with a relief
⑥你刚才说的话减轻了她的压力。What you said just now ______________________.
【答案】relieved her of her stress
⑦听说他在事故中幸免于难，并安然无恙地回到家，真让人欣慰。
_________________________ that he survived the accident and came back home safe and sound.
【答案】It was a relief to hear
⑧已经拨出两百万美元用于救灾/救援工作。Two million dollars was allocated _____________/____________.
【答案】for disaster relief/for relief work
⑨听说她的儿子被清华大学录取了，她如释重负地笑了。
She ________________ after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University.
【答案】smiled in relief/with relief
⑩令我们感到非常欣慰的是，越来越多的人意识到保护野生动植物的重要性。
_______________, an increasing number of people are aware of the importance of protecting the wildlife.
【答案】Much to our relief/To our great relief
令他非常欣慰的是，孩子们都找到了好的工作。
_______________________, his children all found a good job.
His children all found a good job, which _______________.
【答案】Much to his relief/To his great relief ；made him greatly relieved
核心词汇-6. inform
【教材原句】Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.(P19)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
inform vt.通知；了解，熟悉
→information n.信息
②相关短语
inform sb. That从句/of what从句...通告/告知某人……
inform sb. of sth.通告/告知某人某事
keep sb. informed of sth.随时让某人了解某事，随时通知某人某事
拓展：“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 cure sb. of sth.治好某人某病/改掉某人某毛病
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①________ of the current affairs in the world, the old man even learned to surf the Internet in his eighties.
【答案】To be informed
②Please keep me ________ of any progress and developments about the matter.
【答案】informed
③In library books and computers, you can find ________ on starting a business.
【答案】information
完成句子
④如果您能批准我的申请并通知我面试的时间，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and ____________________ the interview.
【答案】inform me of/keep me informed of
⑤我每天看电视以使自己了解世界上正在发生的事情。
I watch TV every day _____________________ what is going on in the world.
【答案】to keep myself informed of 　
⑥“我很遗憾地通知你，你考试不及格。”“你应该后悔没有更加努力学习。”
—I _____________________ you failed in the exam. —You should regret not studying harder.
【答案】regret to inform you that
附录：用“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”短语完成句子
①失去钱包的打击，使我一改过去心不在焉的坏毛病。
The shock of losing my purse ________ my former absent-mindedness.
【答案】cured me of
②她警告她的朋友有危险。She ___________________ the danger.
【答案】warned her friends of
③这些工厂的老板被指控剥削工人。The employers of these factories ______________ exploiting their workers.
【答案】were accused of
④他们被打倒在地并被抢走了钱包。They were knocked to the ground and ________ their wallets.
【答案】(were)robbed of
⑤为了使警察相信他是无辜的，嫌疑犯提供了几个令人信服的事实。
In order to ______________ his innocence, the suspect offered several convincing facts.
【答案】convince the police of
⑥这名涉嫌对一家公司实施网络犯罪的年轻人被警方逮捕并接受了问话。
The young man, ________________ committing cybercrime against a company, was arrested and interviewed by the police.
【答案】being suspected of
⑦这些成就显示了决心的力量，但也提醒了我们面临的挑战。
These achievements showed the power of determination, but they also _______________ the challenges.
【答案】reminded us of
核心词汇-7. shock
【教材原句】As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.(P 20)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊
→shocking adj.令人震惊的，令人憎恶的
→shocked adj.感到震惊的，惊愕的
a shocked look/expression震惊的表情
a piece of shocking news令人震惊的消息
shocking behavior骇人听闻的行为
②相关短语及句型
be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊
It was a shock to do sth“做某事真是令人震惊”，
be shocked that...对……感到震惊
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①It was really a terrifying experience. Afterwards everybody was very ________.
【答案】shocked
②He returned to his village, only to find that the house was in a ________ state.
【答案】shocking
③The news of the disaster occurring there ________ the whole nation.
【答案】shocked
完成句子
④得知他病得很重，我很震惊。___________________________ that he’s badly ill.
【答案】It was a shock for me to learn/I was socked to learn
⑤这个坏消息让我们大家非常震惊。
The bad news ________________________________.
_________________________________ the bad news.
【答案】made us all very shocked/shocked us all very much ； All of us were shocked at/by
核心词汇-8. scare
【教材原句】The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me, but I was quite frightened during the power failure. (P 20)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓
→scared adj.害怕的
→scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
②相关短语
scare...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事
be scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth.害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事
scare sb. off(be scared off)吓倒某人(被吓倒)
【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Seeing the ________ flood, the woman doctor was ________ to take the small boat.
【答案】scaring, scared
②It _________ me to think I was alone in the building.
【答案】scared
③They have Halloween parties and watch _________ movies.
【答案】scary
完成句子
④当玛丽看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝她走来时，她吓得要死。
Mary __________________ when she saw someone walking slowly towards her in the dark.
【答案】was scared to death
⑤那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。
Those who achieve great things are the ones willing _________________________.
【答案】to be scared but not scared off
⑥有时候像这样大的噪音会把熊吓跑。Sometimes loud noises like these will __________________.
【答案】scare bears away/off
⑦有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子们努力学习。Some parents try to ______________________________.
【答案】scare their children into working hard
核心词汇-9. supply
【教材原句】Were you afraid of running out of supplies (P 20)
【考点归纳】
supply n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供
相关短语：
supply sth.to sb./supply sb. with sth.提供某物给某人
(provide sth. for sb./ provide sb.with sth.提供某物给某人)
a good supply of/large supplies of大量
in short supply供应不足，短缺，缺少
supply and demand供求关系
relief supplies救援物资
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①The plane is carrying emergency ________ for refugees.
【答案】supplies
②Foods ________ our daily vitamin needs are sold in the supermarket.
【答案】supplying
③While we were hiking in the Gobi, some support cars followed us all the way to help keep us ________
【答案】supplied
完成句子
④在夏秋两季，冬眠动物在体内储存了大量的脂肪。
Hibernating animals __________________________ in their bodies during the summer and autumn.
【答案】have stored a good supply of/large supplies of fat
⑤我想要知道现在这个地区牛奶供应不足的原因。
I’d like to know the reason ____________________________ in this area now.
【答案】why the milk is in short supply
⑥在每个学期开始的时候，学生们都会得到一份他们要读的书单。
At the beginning of every semester, _____________________ a list of books that they are expected to read.
【答案】students are supplied with
⑦我们学校的食堂为我们提供各种各样的食物，这给了我们很多选择。
The canteen in our school ________________________, which gives us many choices.
【答案】supplies us with various kinds of foods
supplies various kinds of foods to us
Provides various kinds of foods for us
核心词汇-10. donate
【教材原句】Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.(P20)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)
→donation n.捐赠
→donor/donator n.捐赠者；捐款人
②相关短语
donate sth.to...向……捐赠某物
give/make a donation(of sth./money)to...向……捐赠(某物/钱)
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①An anonymous ________ ________ a large sum of money to sponsor the campaign “saving our planet”.
【答案】donor/donator, donated
②Charities appealed for _________ of food and clothing to the homeless of the earthquake.
【答案】donations
完成句子
③这位老人给当地学校捐了很多钱。The old man _________________________________ the local school.
【答案】donated a lot of money to
made a donation of a lot of money to
④许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。Many people came to help, ______________________________.
【答案】donating food and clothes to charities
making a donation of food and clothes to charities
核心词汇-11. curious
【教材原句】She was curious to see how much water there was outside.(P23)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
curious adj.好奇的；奇特的
→curiously adv.好奇地
→curiosity n.好奇心
②相关短语
be curious about sth.对某事好奇
be curious to do sth.很想做某事，渴望做某事
(be)filled with curiosity怀着好奇心
full/out of curiosity充满/出于好奇
meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心
show curiosity about sth.对某事表现出好奇心
give in to curiosity抑制不住好奇心
with curiosity=curiously好奇地
It is curious/strange that…奇怪的是……/……真是奇怪
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①I didn’t know the real reason for his being late, so I asked him why he was late. However, my ________made him angry.
【答案】curiosity
②When the old man was making the kite, the children were watching _________.
【答案】curiously
完成句子
③孩子们喜欢以极大的好奇心探索这个世界。The children like to ______________________________.
【答案】explore the world with great curiosity/explore the world curiously
④孩子们总是对周围的一切充满好奇。他们对新事物感兴趣，想了解更多。
Children ______________________ around them. They are interested in new things and want to know more about them.
【答案】are always curious about everything
⑤孩子们常常充满好奇心，他们对每件事都很感兴趣。
Children ___________________ and they take great interest in everything.
【答案】are often full of curiosity/are often filled with curiosity
⑥出于好奇，小女孩打开了那个小盒子。
_____________________, the little girl opened the little box.
The little girl opened the little box because _________________
【答案】Out of curiosity；she was curious
⑦他竟然抑制不住好奇心，未经我的允许就打开了我的手提包。
He should ___________________ and opened my handbag without my permission.
【答案】give in to curiosity
⑧我打开盒子来满足自己的好奇心。I opened the box just _________________________.
【答案】to satisfy my curiosity
⑨从那时起，我就对未来世界充满了好奇。Since then, I _________________________________.
【答案】have been curious about the future world
⑩她竟没有赢得比赛，真是奇怪。__________________ she should have failed to win the race.
【答案】It is curious/strange that
我们很想知道在那种情况下他是怎样保持冷静的。We _______________ how he could keep his head in that situation.
【答案】were curious to know
核心词汇-12. distance
【教材原句】At that moment，they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.(P26)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
→distant adj.遥远的(adv.distantly)
②相关短语
in the distance在远处
from a distance从远处
at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远
keep sb.at a distance对……冷淡；同……保持距离
keep one’s distance from...与……保持距离；疏远……
within walking distance在步行距离之内
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①It is of great significance to keep a safe _________.
【答案】distance
②Uncle Tom lives in a mountainous village, which is ________ from here.
【答案】distant
③Some plants that look nearly identical turn out to be only distantly related.
【答案】distantly
Glowing plants could reduce this ________ and therefore help save energy.
【答案】distance
完成句子
①老人站在塔顶上，看着远处的树。The old man stood on the top of the tower, __________________.
【答案】looking at the trees in the distance
②从远处看，这座岛屿就像一朵云彩。_________________________, the island looks like a cloud.
【答案】Seen from the distance
③有人告诫她说，如果她不想受到伤害，就离查尔斯远一点。
She was warned ________________________ if she didn’t want to get hurt.
【答案】to keep her distance from Charles/to keep Charles at a distance
④海滩离我家只有几步之遥。The beach is ________________________ of my house.
【答案】within walking distance
核心词汇-13. rescue
【教材原句】Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land.(P27)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
rescue n.& vt.救援，营救，抢救
→rescuer n.救援人员/救助者=rescue worker
②相关短语
come/go to one’s rescue/to the rescue of sb.来/去营救某人
rescue ... from...把……从……救出来
【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空
①These ________ brought the climbers back safe and sound.
【答案】rescuers
②Some of the ________ workers and doctors were trapped in the hurricane.
【答案】rescue
③他从着火的房子里救出了孩子，因此他被视为英雄。He ______________________so that he was regarded as a hero.
【答案】rescued the child from the burning house
④幸运的是，那位老人把她从可怕的生活中拯救了出来。Luckily, the old man __________________________.
【答案】has rescued her from a horrible life
⑤周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来/去营救她。
All the people nearby ________________________ when hearing her cry for help.
【答案】came/go to her rescue
⑥他去抢救溺水儿童，把个人安危置之度外。He __________________________ regardless of his personal safety.
【答案】went to the rescue of a drowning child
经典句型研一研
1.when(意为“这时”)引导时间状语从句的句型
【原句呈现】Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake.(P16 Lines 5-6)艾丽斯·布朗，弗尔蒙特小学的班主任正在上课，这时地板开始摇晃起来。
【考点归纳】
本句中用了“was doing sth. when…”的句型，意为：某人正在做某事，这时……
与该句型类似份还有下列三种形式：
①be about to do ...when ...正要做做某事这时……
②was on the point of doing sth. when…正要做某事，这时……
③had just done sth. when…刚做完某事，这时……
【完成句子】
①我正要放弃，这时李老师鼓励我要坚持。I ________________________________ Ms Li encouraged me to keep it up.
【答案】I was about to give up when/I was on the point of giving up when
②我正开车去往徽州，这时我突然发现走错路了。
I ___________________ to Huizhou ___________ I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
【答案】was driving, when
③昨天她刚完成功课的时候，妈妈就叫她练习钢琴。
She ________________________________ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
【答案】had just finished her homework when
④男孩正在街上散步，这时被一只鸟所吸引住了。The boy __________________________ he was attracted by a bird.
【答案】was walking in the street and at that time/was walking in the street when
2.while句型
【原句呈现】Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents
and disaster supplies into a bag.(P23)爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，妈妈正在把重要的文件和灾
难必需品放入一个包里。
【考点归纳】
①while在本句中作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时候”(当主从句的主语一致时，常常用省略句)。
②while作从属连词还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
③while作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。
注意：while跟when不同，while不可以表示“这时”。
【完成句子】
①尽管我喜欢那顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。________________________, I don’t like its shape.
【答案】While/Although/Though I like the color of that hat
②我的大部分同学都喜欢中国绘画，而我更愿意学习西方绘画。
Most of my classmates are fond of Chinese paintings ___________________________.
【答案】while I prefer to learn about western paintings
③虽然被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法向前推进。____________________ by the enemy, we managed to march forward.
【答案】Although/While/Though we were surrounded； Surrounded as/though we/were surrounded
④我们正在上课，这时一个陌生人进来了。We were having a lesson _____________________.
【答案】when a stranger came in
⑤在写这本书的时候，李时珍独自品尝了一些不知名的植物，吃了不少苦。
____________________, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own.
【答案】While(he was)writing the book
3.as if/as though句型
【原句呈现】Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(P26 Lines 33-35)它的墙好像昨天刚刚粉刷过；富丽堂皇的地板上没有一点颜色变化。
【考点归纳】
①本句中 as if painted yesterday是由“as if” 引导的省略句=as if they had been painted yesterday。
as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。
②as if/though意为“似乎，好像”可以引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
③as if/though从句中用虚拟语气
若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时；
若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；
若表示与将来相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could/might do。
注意：如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。
【完成句子】
①她站在门口好像在等人。She stood at the gate as if __________________________.
【答案】she was waiting for someone/waiting for someone.
②她看上去好像年轻了十岁。She looked _______________________________.
【答案】as though she were ten years younger
③俩学生在操场上走来走去，好像在找什么东西。
Two students were walking here and there on the playground as if _____________________.
【答案】(they were)looking for something/(they were)in search of something
④如果一支铅笔的一部分放在一杯水中，它看起来就像断了一样。
If a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks ______________________.
【答案】as though it were broken
⑤汤姆对这个城镇的每条街道都熟悉，好像他曾住在那里。
Tom was familiar with every street in the town as though _________________ .
【答案】he had lived there
⑥突然，那个人站了起来，好像要对我们说什么。Suddenly the man stood up as if ____________________________.
【答案】(he were)to say something to us
⑦看那些乌云！好像是要下雨了。 Look at the dark clouds! It looks as if ____________________.
【答案】if it’s going to rain
【三、课堂练习】
单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式)
1.She has shunned(避开)publicity since she ________(退职)from acting.
【答案】retired
【句意】自从退出演艺圈以来，她一直避开公众的关注。
2.Public _________(反应)to be announcement has been one of ________(震惊)and disbelief.
【答案】reaction, shock
【句意】公众对这一宣布的反应是震惊和怀疑。
3.Thanks to a large gift from an anonymous ________(捐赠者), the ________(慈善机构)was able to continue its work and helped the victims of the famine.
【答案】donor/donator, charity
【句意】多亏了一位匿名捐赠者的大额礼物，该慈善机构才能继续运转，赈济灾民。
4.Every year, he ________(捐赠)millions of dollars to sponsor________(慈善的)activities.
【答案】donated, charitable
【句意】每年，他都捐赠数百万美元用于赞助慈善活动。
5.Considering our real economic situations, we got some ________(救济)________(资金)from the government.
【答案】relief, fund
【句意】鉴于我们现实的经济状况，我们从政府领取了一些救济金。
6.Many people think that the ________(程序)for applying for a visa is complicated, but actually it is not so difficult as long as you make sure your papers are complete and valid.
【答案】procedure
【句意】许多人认为申请签证的程序很复杂，但实际上，只要你确保你的文件完整和有效，它并不那么困难。
7.Though small, the country has abundant plants from desert grasses to ________(热带的)jungle.
【答案】tropical
【句意】这个国家虽然小，但是有着丰富的植物，从荒漠草原到热带丛林。
8.Motorists are being warned to take extra care on minor roads across the ________(县)as many remain as
dangerous as old.
【答案】county
【句意】司机们被警告要格外小心穿越县城的小路，因为许多仍然像旧路一样危险。
9.It has been _________(证实)that water is fundamental to the development of life.
【答案】confirmed
【句意】已经证实，水对于生命的发展十分重要。
10.She ________(示意)to her students to e________ the classroom in an o_______ line covering their heads with their hands.
【答案】signaled, exit, orderly
【句意】她示意学生们用手捂着头，排成一列有序地离开教室。
11.A great number of crops were _________(淹没)and electricity was cut off in many places.
【答案】flooded
【句意】大量的农作物被淹，许多地方电力供应中断。
12.The company has been producing plenty of innovative products that go _________(超出)people’s imagination.
【答案】beyond
【句意】该公司一直在生产大量超出人们想象的创新产品。
13.In the newspaper of our school there is a _________(栏目)called “Foreign Cultures”.
【答案】column
【句意】在我们学校的报纸上有一个专栏叫“外国文化”。
14.1,400 medical personnel from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army are _________(任职于)the hospital.
【答案】staffing
【句意】来自中国人民解放军的1400名医务人员任职于这家医院。
15.This city, which lies in the northeast, has been the country’s busiest _________(港口)since the 1950s.
【答案】port
【句意】这座城市在东北部，自20世纪50年代以来就一直是这个国家最繁忙的港口。
16.The _________(爆发)of the _________(火山)panicked many people into leaving this area.
【答案】eruption, volcano
【句意】火山爆发吓得很多人慌张地离开了这个地区。
17.This totem(图腾)________(柱)was carved from a single tree ________(树干).
【答案】pole, trunk
【句意】这根图腾柱是由一整根树干雕刻而成的。
18.Since 1748, Pompeii has been systematically________(挖掘). Today it is an international tourist ________(目的地).
【答案】unearthed, destination
【句意】从1748年开始，庞贝古城就被系统地发掘出来。如今，它已成为一个国际旅游目的地。
19.Mom _________(拥抱)me, asking ,“H_________, would you like to join me in decorating the Christmas tree ”
【答案】hugged, Honey
【句意】妈妈拥抱着我问：“亲爱的，你愿意和我一起装饰圣诞树吗 ”母亲问。
20.The Korean government plans to _________(进口)Chinese cabbage from China, as the recent rainstorm has driven up the price.
【答案】import
【句意】韩国政府计划从中国进口白菜,因为最近的暴雨已经驱使价格上涨。
21.It is a golden rule in international trade that if you _________(出口)nothing but raw materials, you’re at the mercy of world prices.
【答案】export
【句意】国际贸易的黄金法则是，如果你只出口原材料，你就会受世界价格的支配。
22.There is a sort of ________(灰色的)behavior between lawful behavior and offence behavior.
【答案】ashy
【句意】在合法行为与违法行为之外，还存在着一种灰色行为。
23.Adolescents need adults to guide them; o________, it is easy for them to get into trouble.
【答案】otherwise
【句意】青少年需要成年人的引导；否则，他们很容易陷入麻烦。
24.Just as I was going d_________, it o________ to me that I had left the door unlocked.
【答案】downstairs, occurred
【句意】就在我下楼时，我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。
25.China is fully capable to s_________ the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines; in other words, China has a sufficient raw material s________.
【答案】supply, supply
【句意】中国完全有能力提供生产COVID-19疫苗所需的原材料；换句话说，中国有充足的原料供应。
26.Medical workers were all busy r________ the i________ in the major accident.
【答案】rescuing, injured
【句意】医务人员都在忙着抢救重大事故中的伤员。
27.Nobody noticed when he entered the classroom; he must have s_________ into it from the back door.(slide)
【答案】slid
【句意】没人注意到他什么时候进的教室；他一定是从后门溜进来的。
28.That team of soldiers had just returned from the d_________ area when they were sent to fulfill a new task.
【答案】disaster
【句意】那队士兵刚从灾区回来就又被派去执行新的任务。
29.This p_________ of woods and fields is typical of the English landscape.
【答案】pattern
【句意】这是具有典型英格兰风景特征的森林与田野。
30.The children must have been very excited as they opened the envelope with a North P_________stamp.
【答案】Pole
【句意】当孩子们打开贴有北极邮票的信封时，他们一定很兴奋。
31.The driver lost control of the car, which c_________ into the wall of a tailor’s shop.
【答案】crashed
【句意】司机的车失控了，撞上了裁缝店的墙。
32.Many years later, it d_________ on me that my parents’ birthdays were never mentioned.
【答案】dawned
【句意】多年以后，我才开始明白我父母的生日从未被提及。
33.China has b_________ online games under the age of 18 from playing on weekdays and limited their play to just three hours most weekends.
【答案】barred
【句意】中国已禁止18岁以下的网络游戏玩家在工作日玩游戏，并将大多数周末时间限制在3小时以内。
34.She said to the doctor that her pain would be just b_________.
【答案】bearable
【句意】她告诉医生说她的疼痛勉强可以忍受。
35.The Internet keeps us i_________ of the latest news and also provides entertainment in the house.It is no wonder that it’s so popular worldwide.
【答案】informed
【句意】网络使我们在家就能了解最新的新闻，而且也为我们在家里提供娱乐，难怪它在全球那么受欢迎。
【四、课堂总结】
短语填空(填上恰当的词，每空一词，并将英语句子译成汉语)
1.Our next class will ________ the form of a debate.
【答案】take
【句意】我们下一堂课将采用辩论的形式。
2.I can ________ my head whenever I meet some difficulties.
【答案】keep
【句意】每当我遇到困难的时候我都能保持镇静。
3.My failure to answer the _________ call made the teacher very angry.
【答案】roll
【句意】点名时我没回答，使得老师非常生气。
4.The girl stood looking round ________ all directions with her luggage in her hands, but apparently no one had come to meet her.
【答案】in
【句意】那姑娘手里拿着行李，站在那里东张西望，但显然没有人来接她。
5.They were afraid to complain about the noise _______ case they annoyed the neighbors.
【答案】in
【句意】他们不敢抱怨噪音，以免惹恼邻居。
6.The minister warned that if war broke _______, it would be catastrophic for the whole world.
【答案】out
【句意】这位部长警告说，万一爆发战争，那对全世界都将是场灾难。
7.Whatever happens tomorrow, hold _______ to today and you won’t regret.
【答案】on
【句意】无论明天发生什么，只要紧紧抓住今天，你就不会后悔。
8.He has _______ out of his strength after running a long distance.
【答案】run
【句意】在跑完很长一段距离后，他已经精疲力尽。
9.Mike is eager to stay _______ from the busy city life for a while.
【答案】away
【句意】迈克渴望暂时远离繁忙的城市生活。
10.No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and _______ if there is a fairy.
【答案】wide
【句意】山不在高，有仙则名
11.When the little child who dressed up as an angel returned home _______ and _______, their parents breathed in ________.
【答案】safe, sound, relief
【句意】当这个装扮成天使的小孩子安然无恙地回到家时，他们的父母松了一口气。
12.If you want to make yourself respected, you are _______ all to respect yourself.
【答案】above
【句意】如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重自己。
13._______ the face of unfair social phenomenon, we should not shrink from defending social justice.
【答案】In
【句意】面对不公平的社会现象，我们不能逃避捍卫社会正义。
14.When the heavy fog disappeared, the mount came into focus in the _______.
【答案】distance
【句意】当浓雾散去，远处的山变得清晰起来。
15._______ their _______, their son soon overcame the language barrier and learned to adjust to the new life there.
【答案】To, relief
【句意】令他们欣慰的是，他们的儿子很快克服了语言障碍，学会了适应那里的新生活。
16.They must use research to inform _______ of the missing parts of the story.
【答案】themselves
【句意】他们必须通过研究来了解故事中缺失的部分。
17.Not once did it _______ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
【答案】occur
【句意】迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为班上的优秀学生之一。
18.Despite the figures of 200 injured in the earthquake _______ large, only 5 students suffered slight injuries.
【答案】at
【句意】尽管总体上有200人在地震中受伤，但只有5个学生受了轻伤。
19.As time went by, I was getting older and older and _______ the same time I wanted to leave home to earn my living.
【答案】at
【句意】随着时间的流逝，我年龄越来越大了，与此同时，我想离开家去谋生。
20.These ideas will be explored ________ detail in next chapter.
【答案】in
【句意】这些想法将在下一章详细探讨。
【五、课后作业】
一、语法填空
A fire burned up a large part of a forest in the north of Italy on Saturday. Thousands of trees were burned in one of the ___56___(bad)forest fires in the country’s history.
The fire started early on Saturday afternoon after a long period of drought. The fire very quickly burned vast areas of forest due ___57___ high winds. Firefighters battled on foot and from the air for several hours, ___58___(try)to bring the fire under control. By the time this was achieved, however, a large part of the forest ___59___(destruction)totally. The smoke from the fire formed such a large dark cloud that it was said ___60___(turn) day into night.
Several people sustained an injury in the fire, but ___61___(fortune)no one was killed. Rescue workers have picked up ___62___(injure)people by helicopter and taken them to the nearest hospitals. People are also worried that many animals have lost their homes ___63___ were killed in the fire.
A project will be set up by the government to clear the area in ___64___ that the local authorities can begin planting trees as soon as possible. “It’s a ___65___(shock)disaster,” a firefighter said. It will take years for the forest to grow back again.
56.【答案】worst 57.【答案】to 58.【答案】trying 59.【答案】had been destroyed 60.【答案】to have turned
61.【答案】fortunately 62.【答案】injured 63.【答案】or 64.【答案】order 65.【答案】shocking
二、阅读理解
第一篇
The Roar of Nature
Tsunami(海啸)
The 9.2 magnitude earthquake which caused the tsunami in the Indian Ocean on Boxing Day last year occurred at 7:58 am, 95 miles off the west coast of Aceh,Indonesia.
Eighteen minutes later, 10 metre high waves crashed ashore along a 500 mile long stretch of Aceh. Two hours later the tsunami hit Thailand and Malaysia and then Burma,Bangladesh,India,the Maldives,Sri Lanka,Kenya and Somalia.The final death toll is thought to be about 280,000,with tens of thousands more listed as missing. More than 1.8 million people lost their homes.
What Is Tsunami
A tsunami is a chain of fast moving waves caused by a sudden strong quake in the ocean. They can be caused by earthquakes,volcanic eruptions,or even the collision of meteorites(陨星). Tsunamis are also incorrectly known as tidal waves,but unlike tidal waves they are not caused by changes in the tides.
Wave Power
A tsunami can have a wavelength in excess of 100km and there may be an hour between them.They travel at great speeds across an ocean with hardly any energy losses and are barely noticeable out at sea.
Over the deep Pacific Ocean,a tsunami travels at about 800Kph.If an earthquake happened in Los Angeles,a tsunami could hit Tokyo quicker than you could fly between the cities by jet.
Strange Animal Behaviours
Ten days before giant waves slammed into Sri Lanka and India coastlines,wild and domestic animals seemed to know what was about to happen and fled to safety.
Elephants screamed and ran for higher ground.
Dogs refused to go outdoors.
Zoo animals rushed into their shelters and could not be enticed(引诱)to come back out.
28.What does the first part of the passage mainly tell us
A. The serious destruction caused by the great power of a tsunami.
B. The great speed of a tsunami.
C. The countries which were struck by a tsunami.
D. The number of deaths caused by a tsunami.
29.All the following can cause a tsunami EXCEPT ________.
A. collision of meteorites B. volcanic eruptions C. changes of the tides D. magnitude earthquakes
30.Which of the following is a characteristic of a tsunami
A. Having a lot of small waves linked together.
B. The waves of a tsunami travel extremely fast.
C. The power of the waves becomes stronger and stronger as a tsunami travels.
D. The waves of a tsunami can be found in the distance.
31.What can we learn from the strange animal behaviours
A. Animals are cleverer than human beings.
B. More animals should be raised to prevent a tsunami.
C. Animals in the zoos should be watched carefully.
D. They might be used to predict a tsunami.
第二篇
A group of students at Tongji University made a power box to aid relief work in quake-hit areas of Turkiye, which would be sent to Turkiye by air.
Two earthquakes, measuring 7.8 and 7.5 in magnitude, struck nine hours apart in southeastern Turkiye and northern Syria on Feb 6. Scores of strong aftershocks added to the damage as more than 6,000 buildings collapsed. The death toll has climbed past 30,000, and millions have been made homeless.
After learning that the earthquake-stricken area urgently needed mobile power, the students thought they might design a power box to aid the post-quake rescue and recovery work. And soon a seven-strong research and development team was set up. The team was divided into online and offline groups. Students living in Shanghai were responsible for the offline purchases and assembly of the power box. Other students online shared ideas for the design, compilation of equipment instructions and user manuals(用户手册)in Chinese and English, and were responsible for communication with the Turkish contact person for donations.
Though portable power boxes are available on the market, their design is tailor-made as the students have taken into consideration local sunshine and disaster relief needs to determine the power, capacity, size and other parameters of photovoltaics (太阳能光伏参数)and batteries.
The best use of the power box, which weighs around 15 kilograms and is equipped with a 10-watt LED light bulb, is its ability to provide 30 to 40 straight hours of light if fully recharged. That should guarantee the power box to be a reliable light source for a whole night even if it can’t be fully charged when the sunshine is not enough in the day. Their teachers also offered advice whenever the team encountered difficulties. They included a manual in Turkish, with the assistance of a student from Turkmenistan.
When the sign “humanitarian donation”was posted on the package, Bai Haoran, one of the students said,“It is worth the hard work over the past few days. We come to realize what the common community of mankind means”.
32.The underlined word “tailor- made” in Para.4 can be best replaced by “________”.
A. customized B. fancy C. handmade D. brand-new
33.What made the power box stand out
A. Reliability. B. Portability. C. Mobility. D. Flexibility.
34.What could be inferred from the text
A. The process of the design was finished mainly online.
B. Students learned a lot about humanitarian in the design activity.
C. The power box has played an important role in the rescue work.
D. Students at Tongji University made the power box all by themselves.
35.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. International Cooperation in Rescue Work for Earthquakes
B. A New Power Box Hits the Market in Turkey
C. Students Send Innovative Aid to Disaster-hit Region
D. Big Earthquakes Strikes Turkiye and Syria