大庆实验中学实验二部2022级高(二)下学期开学考试
英语试题
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When is Grandpa’s birthday
A. On May 6th. B. On May 7th. C. On May 8th.
2. What does the girl advise the man to do
A. Look for a job. B. Take classes. C. Stay at home.
3. Where will the man go for the holiday probably
A. To London. B. To Toronto. C. To his hometown.
4. Where are the speakers
A. In an airplane, B. In a boat. C. On the ground.
5. What happened to Peter’s bike
A. A tree fell on it. B. Someone stole it. C. It got broken.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题
6. Which bus goes to River Drive
A. No.16. B. No.14. C. No.6.
7. What will the woman ask the bus driver
A. Where to change buses. B. The ticket price. C. How to get some change.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9小题
8. What did Jane like to do as a child
A Make snowballs. B. Go skating. C. Sweep away the snow.
9. What’s the weather like today
A. Snowy and cold. B. Cloudy and windy. C. Snowy and warm.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12小题
10. When will the man return
A. On Wednesday. B. On Saturday. C. On Friday.
11. How much will the man pay for his journey
A. $ 850. B. $815. C. $425.
12. What do we know about the man’s journey
A. Drinking is not allowed. B. A lunch will be served. C. He can enjoy a video program.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16小题
13. How long has the woman been in hospital
A. For one week. B. For ten days. C. For two weeks.
14. When can the woman leave the hospital
A. In two weeks. B. Tomorrow. C. Uncertain.
15. What’s the doctor’s suggestion for the woman
A. To have medical checks regularly. B. To take the medicine every day. C. To avoid any physical exercise.
16. How soon will the woman get well completely
A. In a few days. B. In a long time. C. As soon as she leaves the hospital.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20小题
17. What did Clara do during the Civil War
A. She joined the army. B. She helped the wounded. C. She urged to stop the war.
18. What did Clara do after the Civil War
A. She collected money to help the wounded.
B. She considered setting up the American Red Cross.
C. She led a group to search for missing soldiers.
19. When did Clara return from Switzerland
A. In 1869. B. In 1873. C. In 1881.
20. How long did Clara serve as the American Red Cross’s president
A. Over 20 years B. About 12 years. C. Over 4 years.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Sillk Road Tour
Silk Road, a business and trade route, originates from the ancient China and connects with the Asian. African and European countries. Our well-designed Silk Road tour package will never let you down.
Departure City: Shanghai
Guide & Driver: English-speaking guide, experienced driver with an air-conditioned vehicle
Meals: 12 western buffet breakfasts, 6 lunches with some being a la carte (点菜)style
Tour Highlights:
·Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall
·Trace back to the Silk Road of 2, 000 years ago & learn about the culture and history Marvel at the art treasure-Mogao Caves & enjoy an exciting camel riding in the Gobi Desert We Guarantee 100% No Shopping Stops!
Tour Prices
Tour Prices with Luxury Hotels
2-3 travelers 4-5 travelers 6-9 travelers
$3749 $3299 $2939
Tour Prices with Standard Hotels
2-3 travelers 4-5 travelers 6-9 travelers
$3479 $3029 $2669
·Prices are per person in US Dollars
·Any parts of the tour length, activities or hotels can be tailored to your individual interests Are you ready to follow the footsteps of the ancients to explore this mysterious land now
1. What will people do on the tour
A. Appreciate the ancient heritage. B. Ride on camels all the way.
C. Stay a few nights in caves. D. Do a lot of shopping.
2. Which of the following is most likely to join the tour
A. A Beijing businessman good at golf B. A Japanese model loving fashion.
C. A Yunnan biologist interested in birds. D. An American student learning history.
3. How much should a traveler pay for her family (with two sons) who want to live comfortably
A. $3479 B. $3749.
C. $7498. D. $11247.
B
My Day of No Plastic
Since its invention, plastic has affected every aspect of our lives. It has made possible thousands of conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment. In a 24-hour experiment, I tried to live without it to see what plastic stuff we can’t do without and what we may be able to give up.
At the start of my no-plastic day, I made my way toward the bathroom, only to stop myself before I went in. “Could you open the door for me ” I asked my wife. “The handle is plastic.” She opened it for me, letting out a “this is going to be a long day” sigh (叹气).
My morning routine was a headache. I couldn’t use my toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo or soap, all of which were made of plastic or put in plastic containers. Getting dressed was also a challenge, given that so many clothing items include plastic.
When I went out, I brought along two glass containers and cloth bags of various sizes. I walked to a sandwich shop. “Can you make the salad in this glass container ” I asked. The manager said OK but then rejected my request to use my steel spoon.
After lunch, I took the subway to Central Park, which scored me more violations (违规), since I need a MetroCard and the trains themselves have plastic parts. But at least I didn’t sit in one of those plastic seats.
Back home, I recorded some of my impressions. By my count, on my day of no plastic, I had made 164 violations. I felt defeated. And also uncertain. The next day I called Gabby Salazar, a scientist who studies what motivates people to support environmental causes, and asked her for advice.
“You can drive yourself crazy,” she said, “but it’s not about perfection. It’s about progress.” Believe it or not, individual behavior matters. It adds up. “Remember,” she continued, “it’s not about plastic being the enemy. It’s about single-use as the enemy.”
I promised to try, even after my not successful attempt. I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take cloth bags to the grocery. I might start packing my glass water bottle and steel spoon. And from there, who knows
4. The author conducted the 24-hour experiment because ________.
A. he was tired of using plastic stuff in his daily life
B. he tried to call upon people to ban plastic products
C. he wondered how much plastic he consumed each day
D. he wanted to figure out how to use plastic stuff wisely
5. Why did the author’s wife sigh
A. Because she didn’t know his intention.
B. Because she worried about her husband.
C. Because she thought it hard to avoid using plastic.
D. Because she didn’t realize the downsides of plastic.
6. How did the author feel after the no-plastic day
A. Astonished. B. Discouraged. C. Relieved. D. Guilty.
7. How would the author deal with plastic in the future
A. Continue the plastic-free experiment. B. Give up the attempt at using less plastic.
C. Reduce plastic use through small actions. D. Encourage people to be environmentalists.
C
A new study reports that a mosquito’s sense of smell is more complicated than we once thought. And it may explain why this annoying insect is so good at seeking you out at a barbecue or in your bedroom and biting you — as well as lead to new strategies to prevent the potentially deadly diseases transmitted by its bite.
Meg Younger, a neuroscientist at Boston University, is co-author of the study. She exhales (呼气) gently into one of the mosquito-filled cages. A waft (股) of carbon dioxide blows across the insects, and they go wild. “And now, they’re looking for a target like the complex mixture of human body smell — a smell that’s attractive to the mosquitoes,” Younger explains.
In many parts of the world, this attraction isn’t merely an annoyance for humans. It’s a major health problem. Mosquitoes transmit diseases to humans. These diseases include dengue, Zika, chikungunya fever and malaria. The last disease alone causes over half a million deaths each year.
So scientists have attempted to break this attraction. But try as they might, the little mosquito has resisted. “They’re really good at what they do,” Younger says. Most of what we know about the neuroscience of smell comes from mice and fruit flies, where the wiring is fairly simple. Each neuron (神经元) in the nose has one kind of receptor (感受器) that detects a single kind of smell — say, a banana. And all the neurons with receptors for the banana smell connect to the same part of the brain. Younger and the others studied mosquito brains, where she found that each neuron has multiple receptors that can detect multiple smells.
This work could give researchers additional ways to battle the insects like developing traps that contain new smell mixtures that are more appealing than people.
“It’s an enormous study,” says Josefina del Marmol, a neurobiologist at the Harvard Medical School. She says there’s more work to be done to check, neuron by neuron, that each one actually responds to all the smells it has receptors for. But regarding the central finding, she says, “It really does change a lot about what we know of how insects perceive the world.”
8. Why does Younger exhale into a mosquito-filled cage
A. To see if breath contributes to disease transmission.
B. To confuse the experimented mosquitoes.
C. To experiment on mosquitoes’ sense of smell.
D. To keep targeted mosquitoes alive.
9. How do mosquitoes differ from fruit flies
A. They have a clearer smell mechanism.
B They have more neurons to detect smells.
C. They have bigger brain parts focusing on smell.
D. They have more smell receptors in each neuron.
10. What is the significance of the study
A. It inspires new methods to prevent mosquito bites.
B. It may have found an ideal way to study insects.
C. It proves the previous assumption about mosquitoes.
D It sheds light on how mosquitoes transmit diseases.
11. What does Josefina del Marmol think of the research finding
A. It has many weaknesses. B. It is a big step forward.
C. It is far from impressive. D. It has a worldwide influence.
D
A team of researchers from the Universities of Washington and Toronto have developed an app, FeverPhone, suitable for diagnosing (诊断) a patient’s fever.
“As an undergraduate, I was doing research in a lab where we showed that you could use the temperature sensor in a smartphone to measure air temperature,” says lead author Joseph Breda. “When I came to the UW, my adviser and I wondered how we could apply a similar technique for health. We decided to measure fever in an accessible way. The primary concern with temperature isn’t that it’s a difficult signal to measure; it’s just that people don’t have thermometers (体温计).”
“In a wave of flu, for instance, people running to the emergency room can take a week sometimes. So if people were to share fever results with public health agencies through the app, this earlier sign could help us take action sooner,” adds Mastafa Springston, co-author of the study.
The trick is to use the temperature sensor already present in a smartphone. A patient holds the smartphone’s display against their forehead for 90 seconds, and the rise in temperature is compared against the surrounding temperature to determine their core body temperature — using a machine learning model trained on a number of test cases to calibrate the results.
It may sound like a crazy approach, but in testing, the FeverPhone app was able to estimate the core body temperature of 37 patients in a real emergency department with an average error of 0.23℃ — around half the 0.5℃ error range required for clinical use.
“We started with smartphones since they’re easy to get data from,” Breda says. “I am already working on seeing if we can get a similar signal with wearables like smartwatches. What’s nice, because watches are much smaller, is their temperature will change more quickly. So you could imagine having a user put a Fitbit to their forehead and measure in 10 seconds whether they have a fever or not.”
12. What inspired Breda to develop FeverPhone
A. His adviser’s suggestion. B. His previous research success.
C. His past experience in the UW. D. His concerns about air temperature.
13. What does the underlined word “calibrate” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Access. B. Repeat. C. Doubt. D. Adjust.
14. What did the testing show about FeverPhone
A. It was effective in measuring body temperature. B. It was hardly suitable in a real emergency.
C. It was more useful than a real thermometer. D. It was no more than a crazy solution.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. FeverPhone can save you from hospital visits
B. Your smartphone can become a thermometer
C. Wearables provide a quicker temperature reading
D. The temperature sensor is present in a thermometer
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Always late Here are some tips to break the habit
We’ve all run late before, whether it was because of a missed alarm, failing to find the right outfit, or getting stuck in traffic. It can turn into a routine for some, and if you’re constantly finding yourself on the later side of a deadline, consider these tips to break the habit.
Stop snoozing (小睡)
It’s so easy to keep on pressing that snooze button in the morning. We tell ourselves “___16___ ,” but most of the time that isn’t the case, and we end up late and stressed. Just put your alarm across the room to force yourself out of bed, or go to bed earlier.
___17___
A busy lifestyle means a busy to-do list. When a random task comes into your mind, like replying to an email or unloading the dishwasher, say no to the urge. Chances are that it will still be there later.
Take transition activities into account
If you take a bus to school every morning, you probably have to walk to the bus station and then wait for a few minutes. ___18___. These activities can regularly slip our minds when assessing time, but they add up!
Reframe your thinking about being early
Earliness is not a waste of time. ___19___. Giving yourself those minutes of calm allows you to re-center your mind. Plus, you may even have time to leisurely complete some tasks like replying to emails, reading a book or making a to-do list.
Think and prepare ahead
Consider which activities from your morning routine take up most of your time and tackle them the night before. ___20___. Whatever frees up some important time for you the next day is okay.
A. In fact, it’s quite the opposite
B. I’ll just do everything else faster
C. Besides, there may be a traffic jam
D. Resist doing just “one more thing”
E. Realize how long things actually take
F. You could lay your clothes out, for example
G. Just allow yourself extra time to complete it
第三部分：英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I left my job as a psychologist and went on a round-the-world trip, I was hoping to become a different version of myself. But I was soon ___21___. Away from the familiar life, I felt lonely and miserable despite visiting ___22___ beautiful places. And somehow, in the quick ___23___ for the trip, I’d forgotten that the thing you don’t choose to bring, but can’t ___24___ , is yourself.
However, as the weeks went on, something started to ___25___. It was during a stay on an island in Thailand, when a woman I’d encountered previously approached me and asked if I was ___26___ to join them for dinner that evening. I ___27___. At the meal she told us six women that it was her birthday and, as she was travelling alone, she’d decided to celebrate by ___28___ a group of women she’d enjoyed meeting during the week. While listening to their stories, I felt genuinely ___29___ by the honesty of these ___30___ , and was surprised, too, by the ___31___ with which I felt able to share things about myself.
At the end of the evening, we ___32___. Till now, none of us have seen each other again. I don’t remember their names, but I do remember the magic of that ___33___. For all of us, the anonymity (匿名) was liberating; we had no ___34___ past or future and, as a consequence, we could talk freely without any ___35___.
21. A. relieved B. convinced C. disappointed D. threatened
22. A. heart-breakingly B. eye-wateringly C. hair-raisingly D. time-consumingly
23. A. applying B. searching C. packing D. shopping
24. A. go about B. take over C. tell off D. leave behind
25. A. shift B. spread C. erupt D. decline
26 A. hesitant B. determined C. afraid D. available
27. A. apologized B. agreed C. continued D. cooperated
28. A. gathering B. interviewing C. following D. witnessing
29. A. embarrassed B. satisfied C. moved D. annoyed
30. A. pioneers B. clients C. relatives D. strangers
31. A. accuracy B. ease C. guidance D. authority
32. A. drew conclusions B. parted company C. made comparisons D. shouldered responsibility
33. A. connection B. theory C. commitment D. loneliness
34. A. delighted B. additional C. changed D. shared
35. A. emotions B. instructions C. concerns D. movements
第二节 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
36. — Why are so many northern Chinese visiting Southeast Asia countries recently
— They are trying to get a temporary ________ from the cold weather in winter.
A. outline B. property C. contest D. shelter
37. The hall was ________ with many people, including many children ________ on the chairs.
A. associated; sat B. linked; seating C. crowded; sitting D. charged; seated
38. Darwin thought maybe animals ________ as they adapted to their changing environment. He also suspected that finches ________ from a common ancestor.
A. evolved; were evolved B. had evolved; had been evolved
C. evolved; had evolved D. had evolved; had evolved
39. Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry is living proof that ________ other people think of you does not have to influence ________ you become.
A. what; that B. what; what C. which; that D. which; what
40. ________ with many other children, he found himself ________ with love and care all the way. It is no wonder that he grew to be a loving kid.
A Compared; surrounded B. Compared; surrounding
C. Comparing; surrounding D. Comparing; surrounded
41. Shark fishing is ________ and involves hard physical work, but it’s one of the few ways to ________ their families.
A. funny; promote B. fancy; amuse C. worthy; serve D. risky; support
42. A survey shows that people’s attention ________ constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.
A. struggles B. focuses C. wanders D. generates
43. As far as I ________ , the questions ________ the future of the company is worth discussing.
A. am concerned; concerning B. am concerned; concerned
C. concerned; concerning D. concerned; concerned
44. —I’ll come to see your presentation at 8 tomorrow morning.
—I’m sorry, but by then my presentation ________and I________ professors in the meeting room.
A. will end; will meet B. will have ended; will be meeting
C. will be ended; am going to meet D. is to end; will meet
45. ________ his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
A. Apart from B. Regardless of C. Instead of D. Due to
第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Joe had been working in this field for over ten years, so he could tell at ________ glance what was wrong when a project was presented to him. (用适当的词填空)
47. Because all the doubts ________ (clarify), he acquired respect from others again.(所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Global warming could bring ________ (disaster) effects to Earth, so it is high time for us to protect our earth. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. There is no denying that ________ (equip) with global vision and the spirit of innovation is significant to China’s young generations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Experts suggest that parents should let their children do tasks that they are capable ________ by themselves.(用适当的词填空)
51. Covid-19, the most deadly virus in recent years, began to attack people in 2019, from ________ effect people are still suffering. (用适当的词填空)
52. After realizing his fault, the man ________ (humble) apologized for what happened at the party. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. The natural beauty and the rich culture have been the sources of ________ (inspire) for writers and artists over the centuries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. As you can see, corporate knowledge ________ (combine) with creativity has brought my bookshop into the 21th century. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. There’s a young man standing at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ________ (make) trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Jason看完电影《长安三万里》后，对中国诗人充满兴趣，向你询问你最喜爱的诗人。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.人物简介；
2.喜欢的原因。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jason,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the afternoon sun bathed the local beach with its warm, golden rays, four-year-old William sat on the beach with a mix of expectation and confusion. His dad, Steven, sat by his side. They were waiting for William’s friends to arrive and celebrate his long-awaited birthday party. William’s wide eyes, filled with hope and happiness, stared at the shoreline, looking for familiar faces.
He kept asking his dad where everyone was, and Steven just told him “they’re coming soon, ”trying to ease his son’s growing impatience. But the longer they waited, the more hopeless William became. He was extremely disappointed when the two invited families called and said they couldn’t make it to the celebration because of unexpected situations.
Steven watched his son, who had been eagerly expecting his special day for what seemed like ages. This year, William had been more aware than ever of his upcoming birthday, asking throughout the month when his birthday was, eagerly expecting a good time.
Feeling a sense of guilt for his son’s disappointment, Steven decided to turn to social media for help. He posted a lovely picture of him and William on the beach. Their faces were filled with a mix of hope and disappointment. The sincere words with the picture read, “William would love some friends to play with on the beach. To celebrate his fourth birthday, he has Hot Wheels, sand toys, dinosaurs, and we have some snacks and drinks. Any and all welcome. ”
William’s wish for companionship produced a strong response from the local people. They flooded the post with messages of support, birthday wishes, and offers to join the celebration. They were determined to make William’s day special.
“Going there. See you soon, ”one warm-hearted local commented on the post, promising to bring her family along. The message aroused the same feeling from many others, who were quick to follow suit.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, the beach was filled with scenes of joy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________大庆实验中学实验二部2022级高(二)下学期开学考试
英语试题
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When is Grandpa’s birthday
A. On May 6th. B. On May 7th. C. On May 8th.
2. What does the girl advise the man to do
A. Look for a job. B. Take classes. C. Stay at home.
3. Where will the man go for the holiday probably
A. To London. B. To Toronto. C. To his hometown.
4. Where are the speakers
A. In an airplane, B. In a boat. C. On the ground.
5. What happened to Peter’s bike
A. A tree fell on it. B. Someone stole it. C. It got broken.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题
6. Which bus goes to River Drive
A. No.16. B. No.14. C. No.6.
7. What will the woman ask the bus driver
A. Where to change buses. B. The ticket price. C. How to get some change.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9小题
8. What did Jane like to do as a child
A. Make snowballs. B. Go skating. C. Sweep away the snow.
9. What’s the weather like today
A. Snowy and cold. B. Cloudy and windy. C. Snowy and warm.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12小题
10. When will the man return
A. On Wednesday. B. On Saturday. C. On Friday.
11. How much will the man pay for his journey
A. $ 850. B. $815. C. $425.
12. What do we know about the man’s journey
A. Drinking is not allowed. B. A lunch will be served. C. He can enjoy a video program.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16小题
13. How long has the woman been in hospital
A. For one week. B. For ten days. C. For two weeks.
14. When can the woman leave the hospital
A. In two weeks. B. Tomorrow. C. Uncertain.
15. What’s the doctor’s suggestion for the woman
A. To have medical checks regularly. B. To take the medicine every day. C. To avoid any physical exercise.
16. How soon will the woman get well completely
A. In a few days. B. In a long time. C. As soon as she leaves the hospital.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20小题
17. What did Clara do during the Civil War
A. She joined the army. B. She helped the wounded. C. She urged to stop the war.
18. What did Clara do after the Civil War
A. She collected money to help the wounded.
B. She considered setting up the American Red Cross.
C. She led a group to search for missing soldiers.
19. When did Clara return from Switzerland
A. In 1869. B. In 1873. C. In 1881.
20. How long did Clara serve as the American Red Cross’s president
A. Over 20 years B. About 12 years. C. Over 4 years.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Sillk Road Tour
Silk Road, a business and trade route, originates from the ancient China and connects with the Asian. African and European countries. Our well-designed Silk Road tour package will never let you down.
Departure City: Shanghai
Guide & Driver: English-speaking guide, experienced driver with an air-conditioned vehicle
Meals: 12 western buffet breakfasts, 6 lunches with some being a la carte (点菜)style
Tour Highlights:
·Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall
·Trace back to the Silk Road of 2, 000 years ago & learn about the culture and history Marvel at the art treasure-Mogao Caves & enjoy an exciting camel riding in the Gobi Desert We Guarantee 100% No Shopping Stops!
Tour Prices
Tour Prices with Luxury Hotels
2-3 travelers 4-5 travelers 6-9 travelers
$3749 $3299 $2939
Tour Prices with Standard Hotels
2-3 travelers 4-5 travelers 6-9 travelers
$3479 $3029 $2669
·Prices are per person in US Dollars
·Any parts of the tour length, activities or hotels can be tailored to your individual interests Are you ready to follow the footsteps of the ancients to explore this mysterious land now
1. What will people do on the tour
A. Appreciate the ancient heritage. B. Ride on camels all the way.
C. Stay a few nights in caves. D. Do a lot of shopping.
2. Which of the following is most likely to join the tour
A. A Beijing businessman good at golf B. A Japanese model loving fashion.
C. A Yunnan biologist interested in birds. D. An American student learning history.
3. How much should a traveler pay for her family (with two sons) who want to live comfortably
A. $3479 B. $3749.
C. $7498. D. $11247.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于去丝绸之路旅行的广告。广告介绍了始发城市、景点、食宿和价格等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tour Highlights部分的“●Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall (中国必看景点：兵马俑，法门寺，敦煌莫高窟，麦积山石窟，嘉峪关和慕田峪长城)可知，在旅行过程中游客可以欣赏中国古代遗产。A. Appreciate the ancient heritage.(欣赏古代遗产)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。Tour Highlights部分的“●Must-see sights in China-Terracotta Warriors, Famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Maiji Caves, Jiayuguan Pass and Mutianyu Great Wall (中国必看景点：兵马俑，法门寺，敦煌莫高窟，麦积山石窟，嘉峪关和慕田峪长城)可知，在旅行过程中游客可以欣赏中国古代遗产。由此推知，一个学历史的学生很有可能参加该旅行。D. An American student learning history.(一个学历史的美国学生)符合以上推测，故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格内容“Tour Prices with Luxury Hotels 2-3 travelers $3749(豪华酒店的旅游价格：2-3名游客3749美元)” 和“●Prices are per person in US Dollars.(价格是以美元为单位的每人价格)”可知，如果一个游客和家里的两个儿子要想住得舒适，要支付的费用是每人3749美元，$3749×3=$11247。故选D项。
B
My Day of No Plastic
Since its invention, plastic has affected every aspect of our lives. It has made possible thousands of conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment. In a 24-hour experiment, I tried to live without it to see what plastic stuff we can’t do without and what we may be able to give up.
At the start of my no-plastic day, I made my way toward the bathroom, only to stop myself before I went in. “Could you open the door for me ” I asked my wife. “The handle is plastic.” She opened it for me, letting out a “this is going to be a long day” sigh (叹气).
My morning routine was a headache. I couldn’t use my toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo or soap, all of which were made of plastic or put in plastic containers. Getting dressed was also a challenge, given that so many clothing items include plastic.
When I went out, I brought along two glass containers and cloth bags of various sizes. I walked to a sandwich shop. “Can you make the salad in this glass container ” I asked. The manager said OK but then rejected my request to use my steel spoon.
After lunch, I took the subway to Central Park, which scored me more violations (违规), since I need a MetroCard and the trains themselves have plastic parts. But at least I didn’t sit in one of those plastic seats.
Back home, I recorded some of my impressions. By my count, on my day of no plastic, I had made 164 violations. I felt defeated. And also uncertain. The next day I called Gabby Salazar, a scientist who studies what motivates people to support environmental causes, and asked her for advice.
“You can drive yourself crazy,” she said, “but it’s not about perfection. It’s about progress.” Believe it or not, individual behavior matters. It adds up. “Remember,” she continued, “it’s not about plastic being the enemy. It’s about single-use as the enemy.”
I promised to try, even after my not successful attempt. I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take cloth bags to the grocery. I might start packing my glass water bottle and steel spoon. And from there, who knows
4. The author conducted the 24-hour experiment because ________.
A. he was tired of using plastic stuff in his daily life
B. he tried to call upon people to ban plastic products
C. he wondered how much plastic he consumed each day
D. he wanted to figure out how to use plastic stuff wisely
5. Why did the author’s wife sigh
A. Because she didn’t know his intention.
B. Because she worried about her husband.
C. Because she thought it hard to avoid using plastic.
D. Because she didn’t realize the downsides of plastic.
6. How did the author feel after the no-plastic day
A. Astonished. B. Discouraged. C. Relieved. D. Guilty.
7. How would the author deal with plastic in the future
A. Continue the plastic-free experiment. B. Give up the attempt at using less plastic.
C. Reduce plastic use through small actions. D. Encourage people to be environmentalists.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者进行的无塑料日实验。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In a 24-hour experiment, I tried to live without it to see what plastic stuff we can’t do without and what we may be able to give up.(在一个24小时的实验中，我试着在没有塑料的情况下生活，看看哪些塑料是我们不能没有的，哪些是我们可以放弃的)”可知，作者进行一个24小时的实验，因为他想弄清楚如何明智地使用塑料，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She opened it for me, letting out a ‘this is going to be a long day’ sigh (叹气).(她为我打开了它，发出了一声‘这将是漫长的一天’的叹息)”可知，作者在无塑料日让妻子帮忙开门，妻子发出“这将是漫长的一天”的叹息，说明妻子认为类似的事情会很多，即她认为很难避免使用塑料，故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Back home, I recorded some of my impressions. By my count, on my day of no plastic, I had made 164 violations. I felt defeated. And also uncertain.(回到家，我记录了一些我的感受。据我统计，在我不使用塑料的那一天，我已经违规164次了。我感到失败了。同时也感到不确定)”可知，无塑料日结束后作者感到挫败、泄气。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ll start with small things, building up habits. I can take cloth bags to the grocery. I might start packing my glass water bottle and steel spoon.(我会从小事做起，培养习惯。我可以拿布袋去杂货店。我可能会开始收拾我的玻璃水瓶和钢勺)”可知，作者未来会从小事中减少塑料的使用，故选C。
C
A new study reports that a mosquito’s sense of smell is more complicated than we once thought. And it may explain why this annoying insect is so good at seeking you out at a barbecue or in your bedroom and biting you — as well as lead to new strategies to prevent the potentially deadly diseases transmitted by its bite.
Meg Younger, a neuroscientist at Boston University, is co-author of the study. She exhales (呼气) gently into one of the mosquito-filled cages. A waft (股) of carbon dioxide blows across the insects, and they go wild. “And now, they’re looking for a target like the complex mixture of human body smell — a smell that’s attractive to the mosquitoes,” Younger explains.
In many parts of the world, this attraction isn’t merely an annoyance for humans. It’s a major health problem. Mosquitoes transmit diseases to humans. These diseases include dengue, Zika, chikungunya fever and malaria. The last disease alone causes over half a million deaths each year.
So scientists have attempted to break this attraction. But try as they might, the little mosquito has resisted. “They’re really good at what they do,” Younger says. Most of what we know about the neuroscience of smell comes from mice and fruit flies, where the wiring is fairly simple. Each neuron (神经元) in the nose has one kind of receptor (感受器) that detects a single kind of smell — say, a banana. And all the neurons with receptors for the banana smell connect to the same part of the brain. Younger and the others studied mosquito brains, where she found that each neuron has multiple receptors that can detect multiple smells.
This work could give researchers additional ways to battle the insects like developing traps that contain new smell mixtures that are more appealing than people.
“It’s an enormous study,” says Josefina del Marmol, a neurobiologist at the Harvard Medical School. She says there’s more work to be done to check, neuron by neuron, that each one actually responds to all the smells it has receptors for. But regarding the central finding, she says, “It really does change a lot about what we know of how insects perceive the world.”
8. Why does Younger exhale into a mosquito-filled cage
A. To see if breath contributes to disease transmission.
B. To confuse the experimented mosquitoes.
C. To experiment on mosquitoes’ sense of smell.
D. To keep targeted mosquitoes alive.
9. How do mosquitoes differ from fruit flies
A. They have a clearer smell mechanism.
B. They have more neurons to detect smells.
C. They have bigger brain parts focusing on smell.
D. They have more smell receptors in each neuron.
10. What is the significance of the study
A. It inspires new methods to prevent mosquito bites.
B. It may have found an ideal way to study insects.
C. It proves the previous assumption about mosquitoes.
D. It sheds light on how mosquitoes transmit diseases.
11. What does Josefina del Marmol think of the research finding
A. It has many weaknesses. B. It is a big step forward.
C. It is far from impressive. D. It has a worldwide influence.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于蚊子的研究，一项新的研究报告称，蚊子的嗅觉比我们曾经认为的要复杂得多，科学家们试图打破这种吸引力，虽然失败了，但是发现了蚊子每个神经元都有多个受体，可以探测到多种气味。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““And now, they’re looking fora target like the complex mixture of human body smell—a smell that’s attractive to the mosquitoes,” Younger explains. (“现在，他们正在寻找一个目标，比如人体气味的复杂混合物——一种对蚊子有吸引力的气味，”Younger解释说 )”可知，Younger对着一个满是蚊子的笼子呼气是为了对蚊子的嗅觉进行实验。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Most of what we know about the neuroscience of smell comes from mice and fruit flies, where the wiring is fairly simple. ...Younger and the others studied mosquito brains, where she found that each neuron has multiple receptors that can detect multiple smells. (我们对嗅觉神经科学的了解大多来自老鼠和果蝇，它们的神经线路相当简单……Younger和其他人研究了蚊子的大脑，她发现每个神经元都有多个受体，可以探测到多种气味)”可知，蚊子和果蝇的不同在于蚊子每个神经元中有更多的嗅觉受体。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This work could give researchers additional ways to battle the insects like developing traps that contain new smell mixtures that are more appealing than people.(这项工作可以为研究人员提供更多的方法来对抗昆虫，比如开发含有比人更有吸引力的新气味混合物的陷阱)”可推知，这项研究的意义是激发了预防蚊虫叮咬的新方法。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But regarding the central finding, she says, “It really does change a lot about what we know of how insects perceive the world.”(但关于这一核心发现，她说：“它确实改变了我们对昆虫如何感知世界的认识。”)”可知，Josefina del Marmol认为这项研究发现向前迈了一大步。故选B。
D
A team of researchers from the Universities of Washington and Toronto have developed an app, FeverPhone, suitable for diagnosing (诊断) a patient’s fever.
“As an undergraduate, I was doing research in a lab where we showed that you could use the temperature sensor in a smartphone to measure air temperature,” says lead author Joseph Breda. “When I came to the UW, my adviser and I wondered how we could apply a similar technique for health. We decided to measure fever in an accessible way. The primary concern with temperature isn’t that it’s a difficult signal to measure; it’s just that people don’t have thermometers (体温计).”
“In a wave of flu, for instance, people running to the emergency room can take a week sometimes. So if people were to share fever results with public health agencies through the app, this earlier sign could help us take action sooner,” adds Mastafa Springston, co-author of the study.
The trick is to use the temperature sensor already present in a smartphone. A patient holds the smartphone’s display against their forehead for 90 seconds, and the rise in temperature is compared against the surrounding temperature to determine their core body temperature — using a machine learning model trained on a number of test cases to calibrate the results.
It may sound like a crazy approach, but in testing, the FeverPhone app was able to estimate the core body temperature of 37 patients in a real emergency department with an average error of 0.23℃ — around half the 0.5℃ error range required for clinical use.
“We started with smartphones since they’re easy to get data from,” Breda says. “I am already working on seeing if we can get a similar signal with wearables like smartwatches. What’s nice, because watches are much smaller, is their temperature will change more quickly. So you could imagine having a user put a Fitbit to their forehead and measure in 10 seconds whether they have a fever or not.”
12. What inspired Breda to develop FeverPhone
A. His adviser’s suggestion. B. His previous research success.
C. His past experience in the UW. D. His concerns about air temperature.
13. What does the underlined word “calibrate” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Access. B. Repeat. C. Doubt. D. Adjust.
14. What did the testing show about FeverPhone
A. It was effective in measuring body temperature. B. It was hardly suitable in a real emergency.
C. It was more useful than a real thermometer. D. It was no more than a crazy solution.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. FeverPhone can save you from hospital visits
B. Your smartphone can become a thermometer
C. Wearables provide a quicker temperature reading
D. The temperature sensor is present in a thermometer
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员开发了一款名为FeverPhone的应用程序，可以用来诊断病人的发热。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Joseph Breda的话“As an undergraduate, I was doing research in a lab where we showed that you could use the temperature sensor in a smartphone to measure air temperature(作为一名本科生，我在一个实验室里进行了研究，我们在那里证明了可以使用智能手机中的温度传感器来测量空气温度)”和“When I came to the UW, my adviser and I wondered how we could apply a similar technique for health. We decided to measure fever in an accessible way.(当我来到华盛顿大学时，我和我的顾问想知道我们如何将类似的技术应用于健康。我们决定以一种方便的方式测量发烧。)”可知，他本科时期在实验室里的研究证明了可以使用智能手机中的温度传感器来测量空气温度，后来他到华盛顿大学后决定将类似的技术用于测量发烧。由此可推知，他之前实验的成功启发了他开发FeverPhone。故选B。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“the rise in temperature is compared against the surrounding temperature to determine their core body temperature”和“using a machine learning model trained on a number of test cases”可知，通过将温度上升与周围温度进行比较来确定人体的核心体温，并且还要使用在多个测试案例中训练的学习模型机器，由此可推测出，首先通过比较确定的核心体温不准确，需要使用学习模型机器校准测量结果。calibrate意为“校准”，和adjust(调节)意思相近。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“in testing, the FeverPhone app was able to estimate the core body temperature of 37 patients in a real emergency department with an average error of 0.23℃ — around half the 0.5℃ error range required for clinical use(在测试中，FeverPhone应用程序能够估计真实急诊科37名患者的核心体温，平均误差为0.23℃，约为临床使用所要求0.5℃误差范围的一半)”可知，测试中的平均体温误差为0.23℃，小于临床使用要求误差范围，由此可推测出，FeverPhone能够有效测量体温。故选A。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A team of researchers from the Universities of Washington and Toronto have developed an app, FeverPhone, suitable for diagnosing (诊断) a patient’s fever.(华盛顿大学和多伦多大学的一组研究人员开发了一款名为FeverPhone的应用程序，适用于诊断患者的发烧。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员开发的一款名为FeverPhone的应用程序，用来诊断患者的发烧。再结合第三段中的“In a wave of flu, for instance, people running to the emergency room can take a week sometimes. So if people were to share fever results with public health agencies through the app, this earlier sign could help us take action soone(例如，在一波流感中，人们有时需要一周的时间才能跑到急诊室。因此，如果人们通过该应用程序与公共卫生机构分享发烧结果，这一早期迹象可以帮助我们更快地采取行动)”可知，这款应用程序可以避免人们去急诊室的麻烦，因此A项“FeverPhone可以让你免于去医院就诊”适合作本文标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Always late Here are some tips to break the habit
We’ve all run late before, whether it was because of a missed alarm, failing to find the right outfit, or getting stuck in traffic. It can turn into a routine for some, and if you’re constantly finding yourself on the later side of a deadline, consider these tips to break the habit.
Stop snoozing (小睡)
It’s so easy to keep on pressing that snooze button in the morning. We tell ourselves “___16___ ,” but most of the time that isn’t the case, and we end up late and stressed. Just put your alarm across the room to force yourself out of bed, or go to bed earlier.
___17___
A busy lifestyle means a busy to-do list. When a random task comes into your mind, like replying to an email or unloading the dishwasher, say no to the urge. Chances are that it will still be there later.
Take transition activities into account
If you take a bus to school every morning, you probably have to walk to the bus station and then wait for a few minutes. ___18___. These activities can regularly slip our minds when assessing time, but they add up!
Reframe your thinking about being early
Earliness is not a waste of time. ___19___. Giving yourself those minutes of calm allows you to re-center your mind. Plus, you may even have time to leisurely complete some tasks like replying to emails, reading a book or making a to-do list.
Think and prepare ahead
Consider which activities from your morning routine take up most of your time and tackle them the night before. ___20___. Whatever frees up some important time for you the next day is okay.
A. In fact, it’s quite the opposite
B. I’ll just do everything else faster
C. Besides, there may be a traffic jam
D. Resist doing just “one more thing”
E. Realize how long things actually take
F. You could lay your clothes out, for example
G. Just allow yourself extra time to complete it
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了关于怎样做到不迟到的一些建议。
【16题详解】
由下文“ but most of the time that isn’t the case, and we end up late and stressed. (但大多数时候情况并非如此，我们最终会迟到并感到压力。)”可知，本空要说“自己的想法与现实的差距”有关的话题，故B选项“I’ll just do everything else faster (我把其他的都做得快一点)”能承接下文，符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
由下文“A busy lifestyle means a busy to-do list. When a random task comes into your mind, like replying to an email or unloading the dishwasher, say no to the urge. Chances are that it will still be there later. (忙碌的生活方式意味着忙碌的待办事项清单。当一个随机的任务出现在你的脑海里，比如回复一封电子邮件或卸下洗碗机，对这种冲动说不。很有可能它以后还会在那里)”可知，本空要说跟“拒绝随机的任务”有关的话题，故D选项“Resist doing just “one more thing” (拒绝“再多做一件事”)”能总结本段主题，符合题意。故选D。
【18题详解】
由上文“If you take a bus to school every morning, you probably have to walk to the bus station and then wait for a few minutes. (如果你每天早上乘公共汽车上学，你可能不得不走到公共汽车站，然后等几分钟。)”和后文“These activities can regularly slip our minds when assessing time, but they add up! (在评估时间的时候，这些活动通常会让我们忘记，但它们会累积起来！)”可知，本空要说跟“事情需要的额外的时间”有关的话题，故C选项“Besides, there may be a traffic jam (此外，可能会有交通堵塞)”交通堵塞会让我们花费额外的时间，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
【19题详解】
由上文“Earliness is not a waste of time. (早到不是浪费时间。)”和后文“Giving yourself those minutes of calm allows you to re-center your mind. Plus, you may even have time to leisurely complete some tasks like replying to emails, reading a book or making a to-do list. (给自己几分钟平静可以让你重新集中注意力。此外，你甚至可能有时间悠闲地完成一些任务，比如回复电子邮件、读书或制定待办事项清单。)”可知，后文的内容与浪费时间的概念相反，故A选项“In fact, it’s quite the opposite (事实上恰恰相反)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
由上文“Consider which activities from your morning routine take up most of your time and tackle them the night before. (考虑一下你早上例行公事中哪些活动占用了你大部分的时间，并在前一天晚上解决它们。)”可知，本空要说跟“前一天晚上解决早上例行公事中的事情”有关的话题，故F选项“You could lay your clothes out, for example (例如，你可以把衣服放在外面)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I left my job as a psychologist and went on a round-the-world trip, I was hoping to become a different version of myself. But I was soon ___21___. Away from the familiar life, I felt lonely and miserable despite visiting ___22___ beautiful places. And somehow, in the quick ___23___ for the trip, I’d forgotten that the thing you don’t choose to bring, but can’t ___24___ , is yourself.
However, as the weeks went on, something started to ___25___. It was during a stay on an island in Thailand, when a woman I’d encountered previously approached me and asked if I was ___26___ to join them for dinner that evening. I ___27___. At the meal she told us six women that it was her birthday and, as she was travelling alone, she’d decided to celebrate by ___28___ a group of women she’d enjoyed meeting during the week. While listening to their stories, I felt genuinely ___29___ by the honesty of these ___30___ , and was surprised, too, by the ___31___ with which I felt able to share things about myself.
At the end of the evening, we ___32___. Till now, none of us have seen each other again. I don’t remember their names, but I do remember the magic of that ___33___. For all of us, the anonymity (匿名) was liberating; we had no ___34___ past or future and, as a consequence, we could talk freely without any ___35___.
21. A. relieved B. convinced C. disappointed D. threatened
22. A. heart-breakingly B. eye-wateringly C. hair-raisingly D. time-consumingly
23. A. applying B. searching C. packing D. shopping
24. A. go about B. take over C. tell off D. leave behind
25. A. shift B. spread C. erupt D. decline
26. A. hesitant B. determined C. afraid D. available
27. A. apologized B. agreed C. continued D. cooperated
28. A. gathering B. interviewing C. following D. witnessing
29. A. embarrassed B. satisfied C. moved D. annoyed
30. A. pioneers B. clients C. relatives D. strangers
31. A. accuracy B. ease C. guidance D. authority
32. A. drew conclusions B. parted company C. made comparisons D. shouldered responsibility
33. A. connection B. theory C. commitment D. loneliness
34. A. delighted B. additional C. changed D. shared
35. A. emotions B. instructions C. concerns D. movements
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者独自旅行的时候遇到了一群陌生人聚在一起吃饭，庆祝一位女士的生日。作者被这些陌生人的诚实所感动，同时也为自己能够轻松地分享自己的事情而感到惊讶。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就失望了。A. relieved安慰的；B. convinced确信的；C. disappointed失望的；D. threatened受到威胁的。根据上文“When I left my job as a psychologist and went on a round-the-world trip, I was hoping to become a different version of myself.(当我辞去心理学家的工作，开始环球旅行时，我希望成为一个不一样的自己)”以及后文“Away from the familiar life, I felt lonely and miserable”可知，作者感到孤独，说明失望了。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离开熟悉的生活，我感到孤独和痛苦，尽管泪流满面,还是参观了美丽的地方。A. heart-breakingly心碎地；B. eye-wateringly令人泪流满面地；C. hair-raisingly令人毛骨悚然地；D. time-consumingly费时地。根据上文“ felt lonely and miserable”以及despite表示让步，可知此处指作者感到孤独和痛苦，尽管泪流满面,还是参观了美丽的地方。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知何故，在匆忙收拾行装的时候，我忘记了你不会选择带，但又不能丢下的东西，就是你自己。A. applying应用；B. searching搜索；C. packing打包；D. shopping购物。根据后文“for the trip, I’d forgotten that the thing”此处指为旅行打包行李。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不知何故，在匆忙收拾行装的时候，我忘记了你不会选择带，但又不能丢下的东西，就是你自己。A. go about忙于；B. take over接管；C. tell off训斥；D. leave behind遗留。根据上文“thing you don’t choose to bring, but can’t”以及后文反身代词可知，此处指不能遗留的东西是你自己。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几个星期过去了，事情开始发生了变化。A. shift变化；B. spread传播；C. erupt爆发；D. decline下降。根据后文作者和陌生人一起吃饭事件带给了作者感悟，可知此处指事情发生了变化。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是在泰国的一个岛上，我以前遇到的一个女人走近我，问我那天晚上是否有空和他们一起吃晚饭。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. determined坚定地；C. afraid害怕的；D. available可获得的。根据后文“to join them for dinner that evening”指询问作者是否有空和他们一起吃饭。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同意了。A. apologized道歉；B. agreed同意；C. continued继续；D. cooperated合作。根据后文“At the meal she told us”可知，作者同意和她们一起吃饭。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃饭的时候，她告诉我们六个女人今天是她的生日，因为她是一个人旅行，所以她决定召集一群她平时很喜欢见面的女人来庆祝一下。A. gathering聚集；B. interviewing采访；C. following跟随；D. witnessing目击。根据后文“a group of women she’d enjoyed meeting during the week”以及上文邀请作者一起吃饭，可知指召集一群她平时很喜欢见面的女人来庆祝一下。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在听他们的故事时，我真的被这些陌生人的诚实所感动，同时也为自己能够轻松地分享自己的事情而感到惊讶。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. satisfied满意的；C. moved感动的；D. annoyed生气的。根据后文“by the honesty of these”以及下文作者感悟这段经历，可知陌生人的诚实让作者感动。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在听他们的故事时，我真的被这些陌生人的诚实所感动，同时也为自己能够轻松地分享自己的事情而感到惊讶。A. pioneers先锋；B. clients顾客；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文“when a woman I’d encountered previously approached me and asked if I was”可知，这些人都是陌生人，彼此并不认识，只是聚在一起吃饭。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在听他们的故事时，我真的被这些陌生人的诚实所感动，同时也为自己能够轻松地分享自己的事情而感到惊讶。A. accuracy准确性；B. ease舒适；C. guidance指导；D. authority权威。根据后文“with which I felt able to share things about myself”可知，陌生人在一起能够轻松地分享自己的事情。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：晚上结束时，我们分手了。A. drew conclusions下结论；B. parted company分道扬镳；C. made comparisons作比较；D. shouldered responsibility承认责任。根据后文“Till now, none of us have seen each other again.(直到现在，我们都没有再见面)”可知，晚餐以后她们就分开了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不记得他们的名字，但我记得那种神奇的联系。A. connection连接；B. theory理论；C. commitment承诺；D. loneliness孤独。根据上文“While listening to their stories”可知，陌生人在一起吃饭分享故事，彼此产生了联系。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们所有人来说，匿名是一种解脱；我们没有共同的过去和未来，因此，我们可以毫无顾虑地畅所欲言。A. delighted高兴的；B. additional额外的；C. changed改变的；D. shared共同的。根据上文“the anonymity was liberating”以及后文“past or future”可知，匿名是一种解脱；我们没有共同的过去和未来，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们所有人来说，匿名是一种解脱；我们没有共同的过去和未来，因此，我们可以毫无顾虑地畅所欲言。A. emotions情感；B. instructions指示；C. concerns关心，担忧；D. movements运动。根据上文“past or future and, as a consequence, we could talk freely without any”可知，正因为不认识所以可以毫无顾虑地畅所欲言。故选C。
第二节 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
36. — Why are so many northern Chinese visiting Southeast Asia countries recently
— They are trying to get a temporary ________ from the cold weather in winter
A. outline B. property C. contest D. shelter
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——为什么最近有这么多中国北方人访问东南亚国家？——他们正在设法找一个临时住所来躲避冬天的寒冷天气。A. outline大纲；B. property财产；C. contest比赛；D. shelter庇护所。根据后文“from the cold weather in winter”可知，此处指寻找冬天的临时住所，故选D。
37. The hall was ________ with many people, including many children ________ on the chairs.
A. associated; sat B. linked; seating C. crowded; sitting D. charged; seated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和现在分词作后置定语。句意：大厅里挤满了人，包括许多坐在椅子上的孩子。第一空be associated with表示“联系”；be linked with表示“与……有关联”；be crowded with表示“挤满”；be charged with表示“被控告”，根据后文many people可知应用be crowded with；第二空为现在分词作后置定语修饰名词children，与sit之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，故选C。
38. Darwin thought maybe animals ________ as they adapted to their changing environment. He also suspected that finches ________ from a common ancestor.
A. evolved; were evolved B. had evolved; had been evolved
C. evolved; had evolved D. had evolved; had evolved
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：达尔文认为，也许动物是随着适应不断变化的环境而进化的。他还怀疑雀鸟是由一个共同的祖先进化而来的。根据第一句中的adapted可知，动物的进化是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且animals和evolve之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。第二句中，从句主语finches与从句谓语动词evolve之间是主谓关系，且evolve发生在suspected之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C。
39. Inspiring others to believe in themselves, Stephen Curry is living proof that ________ other people think of you does not have to influence ________ you become.
A. what; that B. what; what C. which; that D. which; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句。句意：斯蒂芬·库里激励他人相信自己，这是一个活生生的证据，证明了别人对你的看法并不一定会影响你成为什么样的人。分析句子结构，________ other people think of you为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导；______ you become为宾语从句，从句缺少表语，第二空需用连接代词what引导。故选B。
40. ________ with many other children, he found himself ________ with love and care all the way. It is no wonder that he grew to be a loving kid.
A. Compared; surrounded B. Compared; surrounding
C. Comparing; surrounding D. Comparing; surrounded
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他孩子相比，他发现他一路上由爱和关心所包围。难怪他长成了一个可爱的孩子。根据所给句子结构分析可知，第一个空为非谓语动词作状语，因compare“比较”与主语he为被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式compared；第二个空为非谓语作宾补，因himself与surround“包围”为被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式surrounded。故选A。
41. Shark fishing is ________ and involves hard physical work, but it’s one of the few ways to ________ their families.
A. funny; promote B. fancy; amuse C. worthy; serve D. risky; support
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：捕鲨鱼有风险，需要艰苦的体力劳动，但这是为数不多的养家糊口的方式之一。A. funny有趣的; promote提升；B. fancy精致的; amuse逗笑；C. worthy值得尊敬的; serve服务；D. risky有危险（或风险）的; support支持，养活。根据第一空后的involves hard physical work可知，捕鲨鱼是一项有风险的体力劳动，应用risky。根据第二空后的their families可知，这里表示养家，应用support。故选D。
42. A survey shows that people’s attention ________ constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.
A. struggles B. focuses C. wanders D. generates
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项调查显示，人们的注意力经常走神。事实上，大多数人只吸收了演讲者信息的20%。A. struggles努力；B. focuses集中；C. wanders走神；D. generates产生。根据后文“In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.”指注意力走神，故选C。
43. As far as I ________ the questions ________ the future of the company is worth discussing.
A. am concerned; concerning B. am concerned; concerned
C. concerned; concerning D. concerned; concerned
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、介词。句意：就我而言，有关公司未来的问题值得讨论。形容词concerned，意为“担心的”。as far as I am concerned意为“就我而言”，为固定短语，所以第一空填am concerned。结合句意可知，第二空填介词concerning，意为“关于”。故选A。
44. —I’ll come to see your presentation at 8 tomorrow morning.
—I’m sorry, but by then my presentation ________and I________ professors in the meeting room.
A. will end; will meet B. will have ended; will be meeting
C. will be ended; am going to meet D. is to end; will meet
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我明天上午8点来看你的演讲。——很抱歉，那时我的演讲已经结束了并且我将在会议室会见教授们。第一空根据时间状语by then意为“到那时”，可知，第一空谓语动词应用将来完成时态；第二空根据语境知：到那时我在会议室正在会见记者。正在进行的动作要用进行时，因整个动作是在将来发生的，故第二空谓语动词用将来进行时。故选B。
45. ________ his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
A. Apart from B. Regardless of C. Instead of D. Due to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于他为实现和平与国际合作所作的努力，总统被授予诺贝尔和平奖。A. Apart from除了……外（都）；B. Regardless of不管；C. Instead of而不是；D. Due to由于。根据句意，这里表示原因，应用Due to。故选D。
第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Joe had been working in this field for over ten years, so he could tell at ________ glance what was wrong when a project was presented to him. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：乔已经在这个领域工作了十多年，所以当一个项目提交给他时，他一眼就能看出哪里出了问题。at a glance为固定搭配，意为“一眼，（只）看一眼”。故填a。
47. Because all the doubts ________ (clarify), he acquired respect from others again.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been clarified
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：因为所有的疑虑都被澄清了，他再次获得了别人的尊重。分析句子结构可知，空格处是Because引导的原因状语从句中的谓语，根据句意，从句中的谓语动作“澄清”发生在主句谓语动作acquired“获得”之前，主句时态是一般过去时，所以从句中时态应该用过去完成时，主句中主语all the doubts和clarify“澄清”之间是被动关系，所以从句用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been clarified。
48. Global warming could bring ________ (disaster) effects to Earth, so it is high time for us to protect our earth. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】disastrous
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：全球变暖可能会给地球带来灾难性的影响，所以现在是我们保护地球的时候了。修饰名词effects应用形容词disastrous，作定语。故填disastrous。
49. There is no denying that ________ (equip) with global vision and the spirit of innovation is significant to China’s young generations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being equipped
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不可否认，具备全球视野和创新精神对中国年轻一代意义重大。分析句子结构，从句中缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语。be equipped with意为“具备”，为固定搭配，所以需用being equipped。故填being equipped。
50. Experts suggest that parents should let their children do tasks that they are capable ________ by themselves.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：专家建议父母应该让他们的孩子自己做他们能做的事情。分析句子成分，“that they are capable_____ by themselves(他们自己做他们能做的事情)”作为定语从句，修饰先行词tasks，从句中有主语they，be capable of“能够承担，有……能力的”为固定搭配，that应作为介词of的宾语，指代tasks，故填of。
51. Covid-19, the most deadly virus in recent years, began to attack people in 2019, from ________ effect people are still suffering. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新冠肺炎是近年来最致命的病毒，从2019年开始袭击人们，人们仍在遭受其影响。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Covid-19，指物，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰effect，应使用whose。故填whose。
52. After realizing his fault, the man ________ (humble) apologized for what happened at the party. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】humbly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在意识到自己的过错后，这名男子谦虚地为聚会上发生的事情道歉。空处应用副词作状语，修饰动词apologized。humbly意为“谦逊地”。故填humbly。
53. The natural beauty and the rich culture have been the sources of ________ (inspire) for writers and artists over the centuries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】inspiration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，自然美景和丰富的文化一直是作家和艺术家的灵感来源。空处应用名词，作介词of的宾语。inspiration意为“灵感”，为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
54. As you can see, corporate knowledge ________ (combine) with creativity has brought my bookshop into the 21th century. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】combined
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：正如你所看到的，企业知识与创造力的结合将我的书店带入了21世纪。分析句子可知，该空作后置定语修饰名词knowledge，combine是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语knowledge之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填combined。
55. There’s a young man standing at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ________ (make) trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to make
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接待处站着一个年轻人，他看起来很生气，我想他是想找麻烦的。mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事，想要做某事”；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。根据句意可知，这里表示他故意想制造麻烦。故填to make。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Jason看完电影《长安三万里》后，对中国诗人充满兴趣，向你询问你最喜爱的诗人。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.人物简介；
2.喜欢的原因。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jason,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jason,
Li Bai, a leading role of the movie Chang An and one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty, is my favourite poet.
Li Bai is considered a master of poetry. He wrote over a thousand poems during his lifetime, which are full of romance and imagination, describing everything from nature to politics. He is like the sun shining on Chinese literature, bringing new ideas and beautiful words to his country.
All in all, from his literary works to his impact on society, Li Bai deserves our admiration and will forever be remembered for his immense contribution to Chinese culture.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Jason看完电影《长安三万里》后，对中国诗人充满兴趣，向你询问你最喜爱的诗人。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.喜欢的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
多于：over→more than
充满：be full of→be filled with
总之：All in all→In a word
影响：impact→effect/influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Li Bai, a leading role of the movie Chang An and one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty, is my favourite poet.
拓展句：Li Bai, who is a leading role of the movie Chang An and one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty, is my favourite poet.
【点睛】【高分句型1】He wrote over a thousand poems during his lifetime, which are full of romance and imagination, describing everything from nature to politics. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】He is like the sun shining on Chinese literature, bringing new ideas and beautiful words to his country.(运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the afternoon sun bathed the local beach with its warm, golden rays, four-year-old William sat on the beach with a mix of expectation and confusion. His dad, Steven, sat by his side. They were waiting for William’s friends to arrive and celebrate his long-awaited birthday party. William’s wide eyes, filled with hope and happiness, stared at the shoreline, looking for familiar faces.
He kept asking his dad where everyone was, and Steven just told him “they’re coming soon, ”trying to ease his son’s growing impatience. But the longer they waited, the more hopeless William became. He was extremely disappointed when the two invited families called and said they couldn’t make it to the celebration because of unexpected situations.
Steven watched his son, who had been eagerly expecting his special day for what seemed like ages. This year, William had been more aware than ever of his upcoming birthday, asking throughout the month when his birthday was, eagerly expecting a good time.
Feeling a sense of guilt for his son’s disappointment, Steven decided to turn to social media for help. He posted a lovely picture of him and William on the beach. Their faces were filled with a mix of hope and disappointment. The sincere words with the picture read, “William would love some friends to play with on the beach. To celebrate his fourth birthday, he has Hot Wheels, sand toys, dinosaurs, and we have some snacks and drinks. Any and all welcome. ”
William’s wish for companionship produced a strong response from the local people. They flooded the post with messages of support, birthday wishes, and offers to join the celebration. They were determined to make William’s day special.
“Going there. See you soon, ”one warm-hearted local commented on the post, promising to bring her family along. The message aroused the same feeling from many others, who were quick to follow suit.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon, the beach was filled with scenes of joy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Soon the beach was full of happy scenes. Many families came to celebrate William’s birthday. William’s face was beaming with happiness. In the warm sunshine, the children built a beautiful castle with him on the beach, swam in the sea, and surfed in the sea. It was no wonder that they had a great time. Finally, William’s father brought a big cake. In the singing of Happy Birthday to You, William made a good wish on the cake and then everyone shared the cake happily.
After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set. Although they didn’t not want to leave, they still had to go home one by one. Only William and Dad were left on the beach. William gave his dad a big hug, kissed him and said, “Dad, this is the best birthday. Thank you.” Under the beautiful sunset, both father and son were filled with a feeling of happiness. At last, with the song of many birds, William and his father went home,extremely happily.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。今天是四岁的威廉的生日，当得知两个被邀请的家庭打电话来，说他们因为意外情况不能来参加庆祝活动时，他非常失望。史蒂文对儿子的失望感到内疚，他决定向社交媒体寻求帮助。他上传了一张他和威廉在海滩上的可爱照片，并邀请大家来和儿子一起庆祝。很多人在帖子里留言表示愿意加入庆祝活动。大家和威廉度过了快乐的一天。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“很快，海滩上充满了欢乐的景象。”可知，第一段可以描写大家陪伴威廉过生日的情况。
②由第二段句首内容“在几个小时的欢笑和游戏之后，太阳开始下山了。”可知，太阳下山时大家离开，威廉和父亲的动作。
2.续写线索：大家到来—共同玩耍—吃蛋糕—太阳开始下山—大家离开—感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①庆祝：celebrate/ observe
②建造：build/ construct
③离开：leave/ departure
情绪类
①高兴的：happiness/ joy
②玩得很开心：have a great time/ have a lot of fun
【点睛】【高分句型1】It was no wonder that they had a great time.( 运用了it作形式主语和that引导的主语从句)
【高分句型2】Although they didn’t not want to leave, they still had to go home one by one. ( 运用了Although引导的让步状语从句)
【高分句型3】 Only William and Dad were left on the beach. (运用了一般过去时的被动语态)
