北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 7 Careers单元检测卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 7 Careers单元检测卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-03-16 11:09:54 | ||
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（1）Unit 7 Careers—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元检测卷
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.What was his __________(react) to the news
2._____(give) more attention, the accident could have been avoided.
3.He rushed into the room, with his face _____(cover) with sweat.
4._____(adapt) from real history, the film achieved great success.
5.There is a note _____(pin) to the door saying when the shop will open again.
6.Ordinary soap, _____(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
7.A person with a mental or physical _________(disable) should also be treated with respect.
8._________(intelligence) as he is, he doesn't study well in his lessons because he never studies hard.
9.Have you been aware that under the tree are a scholar and two _________(assist)
10.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _________(take).
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
There was a time when the major concern about AI safety had been the evil superintelligence, reflected in the movie The Terminator. However, the game Tacoma takes a different approach. It assumes that there will be lots of AGI(artificial general intelligence) in the world and that any AGI, even safely designed, in the wrong hands and at the wrong time could cause lives to be lost. That's the future that a growing number of AI security specialists are worried about.
This is not a new idea. In the book Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety, MIT Professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses common misunderstandings about Safety Critical Systems Engineering: engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss. Such technologies include aviation, nuclear power, automobiles, bio-technology, and, of course, AGI.
So what can be done
Technology isn't always the solution. A famous example is the invention of sonic radar(声波雷达)that was supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, which only increased the rate of accidents. Why Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with them thanks to the new safety technology.
Instead of technologies, Leveson's book suggests we should be making organizational changes. Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many complicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably become lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.
What lessons can we draw from concern about AI safety The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives(叙述),which remind us that, especially in times like this, we shouldn't forget the potential for other disasters. Public conscience does matter. And if we're all better at thinking about safety we criticise, maybe we can really prevent disasters.
11. Why does the author mention The Terminator
A. To arouse readers' interest in The Terminator.
B. To introduce the topic of concern about AI safety.
C. To mention the similarity between The Terminator and "Tacoma".
D. To make readers recall the evil superintelligence reflected in the movie.
12. Why did the rate of ship accidents increase after the invention of sonic radar
A. Because captains seldom used it.
B. Because the radar failed to work properly.
C. Because captains depended on it too much.
D. Because the ships couldn't detect nearby obstacles.
13. What does the underlined word “lax” refer to
A. Safe. B. Important. C. Unreliable. D. Unnecessary.
14. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Disaster prevention lessons from AI
B. Safety problems in modern society
C. Engineering development in modern days
D. Future applications of artificial intelligence
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Communication Skills That Will Improve Your Relationships
Bad habits could be standing between you and your best possible relationships with family, friends and colleagues. ①___ ___ And learn how to truly hear and be heard.
1. Account for your emotions
Before a single word is spoken, your emotional state can influence the quality of a discussion. ②___ ____And if an exchange becomes heated, remember that time outs aren't just for kids. You can say that you need to take a break. But reassure the other person that you're going to revisit the issue later at a set time so that this strategy doesn't become a form of confnet avoidance.
2.Think like a negotiator
People often enter into high-stakes conversations having rehearsed their own position awfully, which may be counter-productive. Don't go in thinking that there's only one solution and that you already know what it is. ③___ ___
3.Take turns
Sometimes it's perfectly fine for one person to do most of the talking — in a lecture, interview or counseling session, for instance. ④___ ___Brain imaging shows that talking about yourself tends to activate the dopamine-reward system. So everyone should get that same pleasure. Responses that shift the topic to yourself should be balanced by replies that show interest in others.
4. ⑤___ ___
A common reaction to criticism is to stop listening, so it can be hard to get your point across if you put someone on the defensive. One of the most valuable communication skills is lo address a situation by stating how it makes you feel instead of describing the other person negatively.
A. Consider these tips.
B. Avoid making judgments
C. Stop listening and speaking
D. Talking wastes a lot of time.
E. You'd better wait until you feel calm.
F. But in a conversation the percentage should be more or less balanced.
G. Instead, you'd better make a joint problem-solving effort and keep an open mind.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假如你是新闻系的学生李华，近期，你在路透社的官方网站上看到一则关于新媒体实习项目的招募信息。试写一封邮件给其人事部门主管Tracy咨询实习岗位的相关信息。要点如下：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 表达对实习项目的兴趣；
3. 咨询岗位相关信息(如实习资格、工作内容等)。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：路透社Reuters 实习 internship
Dear Tracy,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：reaction
解析：考查名词。空前的his为形容词性物主代词,其后应用名词。故填reaction。
2.答案：Given
解析：考查过去分词。句意:如果多加注意,这场事故本可以避免。give与句子主语the accident 之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作条件状语。故填Given。
3.答案：covered
解析：考查过去分词。句意:他冲进房间,满脸都是汗。his face是第一个介词with的宾语,设空处作宾语补足语,而cover与his face之间是被动关系。故填covered。
4.答案：Adapted
解析：考查过去分词。句意:由于根据真实历史改编,这部电影取得了巨大的成功。adapt与the film之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作原因状语,句首单词首字母应大写。故填Adapted。
5.答案：pinned
解析：考查过去分词。句意:门上钉着一张便条,上面写着商店什么时候再开门。pin与note之间是被动关系,此处用过去分词作后置定语。故填pinned。
6.答案：used
解析：句中"_____ correctly"为条件状语, use与其逻辑主语"Ordinary soap"之间为动宾关系, 需用过去分词。 故填used。
7.答案：disability
解析：意为:一个在精神或身体上有障碍的人同样应该受到尊重。该句中with a mental or physical...为介词短语作后置定语,修饰person,设空处为介词with的宾语,应填名词,前有不定冠词a。故填disability。
8.答案：Intelligent
解析：句意为:尽管他很聪明,但他功课不好,因为他从不努力学习。该句式为as引导的让步状语从句的倒装,设空处为从句表语,应填形容词。故填Intelligent。
9.答案：assistants
解析：意为:你有没有注意到树下有一位学者和两位助理 under the tree are a scholar and two...为倒装句,设空处和scholar一起作主语,应填名词,assistant为可数名词,前有two修饰。故填assistants。
10.答案：taken
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 我需要一个新护照, 所以我将不得不拍张照片。have +宾语+宾补结构, my photograph与take之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填taken。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“There was a time when the major concern about AI safety had been the evil superintelligence, reflected in the movie The Terminator.”可知,曾经有一段时间,人们对人工智能安全的主要担忧是电影《终结者》中呈现的邪恶的超级智能。由此可推断,作者提及《终结者》是为了引出本文的主题—对人工智能安全的担忧。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with them thanks to the new safety technology."可知,船长们航行得更快了,他们认为有了新的安全技术,他们可以侥幸逃脱。由此可见,他们过于依赖新技术,这使事故的发生率更高。故选C。
13.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段最后一句"As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters."可知,应该采取措施来预防潜在的灾难。由此可知,随着时间的推移,安全指南也不再安全,所以lax与“不可靠的”在意思上最为接近。故选C。
14.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文内容,尤其是根据最后一段中的“What lessons can we draw from concern about AI safety ”可知,本文主要介绍人类在人工智能安全中获得的教训。A项符合文章主旨。故选A。
三、七选五
答案：①-⑤ AEGFB
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些交流技巧，这些技巧可以帮你改善和别人的关系。
①根据空后一句"And learn how to truly hear and be heard(并学习如何真正地倾听和被倾听"以及下文提到的几条建议可知，该句应提出下文要介绍几条建议，帮助你学会真正的倾听和被倾听。结合选项，A(考虑这些建议)符合语境。故选A。
②根据空前"Before a single word is spoken, your emotional state can influence the quality of a discussion(在一个词被说出之前，你的情绪状态会影响讨论的质量)"和空后"And if an exchange becomes heated, remember that time outs aren't just for kids(如果双方的交流变得激烈起来，请记住，暂停不仅仅是为了孩子)"可以推知，该部分介绍的应该是在和别人交流时，我们如何才能保证交流的质量。然后结合标题"Account for your emotions(为你的情绪负责)"可以推知，要想保证交流的质量，情绪要稳定。一旦双方交流变得激动起来，要暂停交流。故E选项(你最好等到你平静下来)符合语境。故选E。
③根据前文"People often enter into high-stakes conversations having rehearsed their own position awfully, which may be counter-productive. Don't go in thinking that there's only one solution and that you already know what it is(在高风险的谈话中，人们往往会反复排练自己的立场，这可能会适得其反。不要认为只有一个解决方案，不要认为你已经知道了它是什么)"，该空承接上文，应该介绍在高风险的谈话中，人们应该怎样做才合适。结合选项，G选项(相反，你们最好共同努力解决问题，并保持开放的心态)符合语境。故选G。
④根据上一句"Sometimes it's perfectly fine for one person to do most of the talking — in a lecture, interview or counseling session, for instance(有时候，让一个人做大部分的发言是完全没问题的——比如在讲座、面试或咨询会议上)"可知，确实存在一个做大部分发言的这种情况。根据下文"Brain imaging shows that talking about yourself tends to activate the dopamine-reward system. So everyone should get that same pleasure(大脑成像显示，谈论自己倾向于激活多巴胺—奖励系统。所以每个人都应该得到同样的快乐")可知，在交流中，交流双方都应该积极参与，而不只是由一方来进行大部分发言。所以该空和空前一句应该构成转折关系。结合选项，F选项(但在对话中，这个比例应该或多或少保持平衡)符合语境。故选F。
⑤根据该段内容"A common reaction to criticism is to stop listening, so it can be hard to get your point across if you put someone on the defensive. One of the most valuable communication skills is lo address a situation by stating how it makes you feel instead of describing the other person negatively(对批评的普遍反应是停止倾听，所以如果你让别人处于防御状态，你的观点就很难被别人理解。最有价值的沟通技巧之一是通过陈述你的感受来解决一种情况，而不是消极地描述对方)"可知，该段建议人们在沟通的时候，去陈述自己的感受，而不是消极地描述对方。B选项(避免进行评判)可以表达此意。故选B。
四、书面表达
答案：
Dear Tracy,
I'm Li Hua, a college student majoring in journalism. Having read the recruitment information of interns on your website, I am writing to inquire about job openings in Reuters at present.
As a journalism major, I am greatly intrigued to explore more about the publishing industry, especially the new-media-related realm. Thus, I wish to be informed of the details concerning the post on your recruitment. Initially, would you please provide a further explanation about the relevant qualifications required for the position For example, shall I include my Certificate of Schooling for application Besides, I wonder what the job mainly involves. Do I need to contribute articles to your website on a regular basis
Attached is my resume for your reference. I will be eagerly anticipating your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.What was his __________(react) to the news
2._____(give) more attention, the accident could have been avoided.
3.He rushed into the room, with his face _____(cover) with sweat.
4._____(adapt) from real history, the film achieved great success.
5.There is a note _____(pin) to the door saying when the shop will open again.
6.Ordinary soap, _____(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
7.A person with a mental or physical _________(disable) should also be treated with respect.
8._________(intelligence) as he is, he doesn't study well in his lessons because he never studies hard.
9.Have you been aware that under the tree are a scholar and two _________(assist)
10.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _________(take).
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
There was a time when the major concern about AI safety had been the evil superintelligence, reflected in the movie The Terminator. However, the game Tacoma takes a different approach. It assumes that there will be lots of AGI(artificial general intelligence) in the world and that any AGI, even safely designed, in the wrong hands and at the wrong time could cause lives to be lost. That's the future that a growing number of AI security specialists are worried about.
This is not a new idea. In the book Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety, MIT Professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses common misunderstandings about Safety Critical Systems Engineering: engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss. Such technologies include aviation, nuclear power, automobiles, bio-technology, and, of course, AGI.
So what can be done
Technology isn't always the solution. A famous example is the invention of sonic radar(声波雷达)that was supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, which only increased the rate of accidents. Why Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with them thanks to the new safety technology.
Instead of technologies, Leveson's book suggests we should be making organizational changes. Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many complicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably become lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.
What lessons can we draw from concern about AI safety The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives(叙述),which remind us that, especially in times like this, we shouldn't forget the potential for other disasters. Public conscience does matter. And if we're all better at thinking about safety we criticise, maybe we can really prevent disasters.
11. Why does the author mention The Terminator
A. To arouse readers' interest in The Terminator.
B. To introduce the topic of concern about AI safety.
C. To mention the similarity between The Terminator and "Tacoma".
D. To make readers recall the evil superintelligence reflected in the movie.
12. Why did the rate of ship accidents increase after the invention of sonic radar
A. Because captains seldom used it.
B. Because the radar failed to work properly.
C. Because captains depended on it too much.
D. Because the ships couldn't detect nearby obstacles.
13. What does the underlined word “lax” refer to
A. Safe. B. Important. C. Unreliable. D. Unnecessary.
14. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Disaster prevention lessons from AI
B. Safety problems in modern society
C. Engineering development in modern days
D. Future applications of artificial intelligence
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Communication Skills That Will Improve Your Relationships
Bad habits could be standing between you and your best possible relationships with family, friends and colleagues. ①___ ___ And learn how to truly hear and be heard.
1. Account for your emotions
Before a single word is spoken, your emotional state can influence the quality of a discussion. ②___ ____And if an exchange becomes heated, remember that time outs aren't just for kids. You can say that you need to take a break. But reassure the other person that you're going to revisit the issue later at a set time so that this strategy doesn't become a form of confnet avoidance.
2.Think like a negotiator
People often enter into high-stakes conversations having rehearsed their own position awfully, which may be counter-productive. Don't go in thinking that there's only one solution and that you already know what it is. ③___ ___
3.Take turns
Sometimes it's perfectly fine for one person to do most of the talking — in a lecture, interview or counseling session, for instance. ④___ ___Brain imaging shows that talking about yourself tends to activate the dopamine-reward system. So everyone should get that same pleasure. Responses that shift the topic to yourself should be balanced by replies that show interest in others.
4. ⑤___ ___
A common reaction to criticism is to stop listening, so it can be hard to get your point across if you put someone on the defensive. One of the most valuable communication skills is lo address a situation by stating how it makes you feel instead of describing the other person negatively.
A. Consider these tips.
B. Avoid making judgments
C. Stop listening and speaking
D. Talking wastes a lot of time.
E. You'd better wait until you feel calm.
F. But in a conversation the percentage should be more or less balanced.
G. Instead, you'd better make a joint problem-solving effort and keep an open mind.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假如你是新闻系的学生李华，近期，你在路透社的官方网站上看到一则关于新媒体实习项目的招募信息。试写一封邮件给其人事部门主管Tracy咨询实习岗位的相关信息。要点如下：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 表达对实习项目的兴趣；
3. 咨询岗位相关信息(如实习资格、工作内容等)。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：路透社Reuters 实习 internship
Dear Tracy,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：reaction
解析：考查名词。空前的his为形容词性物主代词,其后应用名词。故填reaction。
2.答案：Given
解析：考查过去分词。句意:如果多加注意,这场事故本可以避免。give与句子主语the accident 之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作条件状语。故填Given。
3.答案：covered
解析：考查过去分词。句意:他冲进房间,满脸都是汗。his face是第一个介词with的宾语,设空处作宾语补足语,而cover与his face之间是被动关系。故填covered。
4.答案：Adapted
解析：考查过去分词。句意:由于根据真实历史改编,这部电影取得了巨大的成功。adapt与the film之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作原因状语,句首单词首字母应大写。故填Adapted。
5.答案：pinned
解析：考查过去分词。句意:门上钉着一张便条,上面写着商店什么时候再开门。pin与note之间是被动关系,此处用过去分词作后置定语。故填pinned。
6.答案：used
解析：句中"_____ correctly"为条件状语, use与其逻辑主语"Ordinary soap"之间为动宾关系, 需用过去分词。 故填used。
7.答案：disability
解析：意为:一个在精神或身体上有障碍的人同样应该受到尊重。该句中with a mental or physical...为介词短语作后置定语,修饰person,设空处为介词with的宾语,应填名词,前有不定冠词a。故填disability。
8.答案：Intelligent
解析：句意为:尽管他很聪明,但他功课不好,因为他从不努力学习。该句式为as引导的让步状语从句的倒装,设空处为从句表语,应填形容词。故填Intelligent。
9.答案：assistants
解析：意为:你有没有注意到树下有一位学者和两位助理 under the tree are a scholar and two...为倒装句,设空处和scholar一起作主语,应填名词,assistant为可数名词,前有two修饰。故填assistants。
10.答案：taken
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 我需要一个新护照, 所以我将不得不拍张照片。have +宾语+宾补结构, my photograph与take之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填taken。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“There was a time when the major concern about AI safety had been the evil superintelligence, reflected in the movie The Terminator.”可知,曾经有一段时间,人们对人工智能安全的主要担忧是电影《终结者》中呈现的邪恶的超级智能。由此可推断,作者提及《终结者》是为了引出本文的主题—对人工智能安全的担忧。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with them thanks to the new safety technology."可知,船长们航行得更快了,他们认为有了新的安全技术,他们可以侥幸逃脱。由此可见,他们过于依赖新技术,这使事故的发生率更高。故选C。
13.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段最后一句"As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters."可知,应该采取措施来预防潜在的灾难。由此可知,随着时间的推移,安全指南也不再安全,所以lax与“不可靠的”在意思上最为接近。故选C。
14.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文内容,尤其是根据最后一段中的“What lessons can we draw from concern about AI safety ”可知,本文主要介绍人类在人工智能安全中获得的教训。A项符合文章主旨。故选A。
三、七选五
答案：①-⑤ AEGFB
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些交流技巧，这些技巧可以帮你改善和别人的关系。
①根据空后一句"And learn how to truly hear and be heard(并学习如何真正地倾听和被倾听"以及下文提到的几条建议可知，该句应提出下文要介绍几条建议，帮助你学会真正的倾听和被倾听。结合选项，A(考虑这些建议)符合语境。故选A。
②根据空前"Before a single word is spoken, your emotional state can influence the quality of a discussion(在一个词被说出之前，你的情绪状态会影响讨论的质量)"和空后"And if an exchange becomes heated, remember that time outs aren't just for kids(如果双方的交流变得激烈起来，请记住，暂停不仅仅是为了孩子)"可以推知，该部分介绍的应该是在和别人交流时，我们如何才能保证交流的质量。然后结合标题"Account for your emotions(为你的情绪负责)"可以推知，要想保证交流的质量，情绪要稳定。一旦双方交流变得激动起来，要暂停交流。故E选项(你最好等到你平静下来)符合语境。故选E。
③根据前文"People often enter into high-stakes conversations having rehearsed their own position awfully, which may be counter-productive. Don't go in thinking that there's only one solution and that you already know what it is(在高风险的谈话中，人们往往会反复排练自己的立场，这可能会适得其反。不要认为只有一个解决方案，不要认为你已经知道了它是什么)"，该空承接上文，应该介绍在高风险的谈话中，人们应该怎样做才合适。结合选项，G选项(相反，你们最好共同努力解决问题，并保持开放的心态)符合语境。故选G。
④根据上一句"Sometimes it's perfectly fine for one person to do most of the talking — in a lecture, interview or counseling session, for instance(有时候，让一个人做大部分的发言是完全没问题的——比如在讲座、面试或咨询会议上)"可知，确实存在一个做大部分发言的这种情况。根据下文"Brain imaging shows that talking about yourself tends to activate the dopamine-reward system. So everyone should get that same pleasure(大脑成像显示，谈论自己倾向于激活多巴胺—奖励系统。所以每个人都应该得到同样的快乐")可知，在交流中，交流双方都应该积极参与，而不只是由一方来进行大部分发言。所以该空和空前一句应该构成转折关系。结合选项，F选项(但在对话中，这个比例应该或多或少保持平衡)符合语境。故选F。
⑤根据该段内容"A common reaction to criticism is to stop listening, so it can be hard to get your point across if you put someone on the defensive. One of the most valuable communication skills is lo address a situation by stating how it makes you feel instead of describing the other person negatively(对批评的普遍反应是停止倾听，所以如果你让别人处于防御状态，你的观点就很难被别人理解。最有价值的沟通技巧之一是通过陈述你的感受来解决一种情况，而不是消极地描述对方)"可知，该段建议人们在沟通的时候，去陈述自己的感受，而不是消极地描述对方。B选项(避免进行评判)可以表达此意。故选B。
四、书面表达
答案：
Dear Tracy,
I'm Li Hua, a college student majoring in journalism. Having read the recruitment information of interns on your website, I am writing to inquire about job openings in Reuters at present.
As a journalism major, I am greatly intrigued to explore more about the publishing industry, especially the new-media-related realm. Thus, I wish to be informed of the details concerning the post on your recruitment. Initially, would you please provide a further explanation about the relevant qualifications required for the position For example, shall I include my Certificate of Schooling for application Besides, I wonder what the job mainly involves. Do I need to contribute articles to your website on a regular basis
Attached is my resume for your reference. I will be eagerly anticipating your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua