2024届高考英语二轮复习易错重难集训阅读理解（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习易错重难集训阅读理解（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-03-16 11:12:58 | ||
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（1）阅读理解——2024届高考英语二轮复习易错重难集训【新高考版】
重难点知识分析
一、细节理解题
细节理解题通常针对文章中叙述的人物、事物、现象或理论等进行提问，题目难度不大，题干中一般会出现表述较为具体的关键词，考生在审题后可快速锁定关键词并在文章中寻找相应的细节描述。
有时候，虽然题干中提供了关键词，但通过题目的提问方式我们会发现，简单地回文搜索关键词已不能满足做题需求。这时，通过审题来帮助我们提前决定解题方式就很有必要了。
1. 直接细节题
此类试题是对原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答题。在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。此类试题选项多采用原文中的信息直接进行考查，不需要考生进行推断。做题时，考生可以在文章中找到与答案有关的直接信息。此类试题一般不会涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把选项内容与原文内容认真对比即可确定答案。广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等类别的文章，常涉及直接细节题。
2. 间接细节题
需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理才能得出答案此类试题介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间。四个选项不出现原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。
二、推理判断题
推理判断题是历年高考英语的命题集中点，包括判断和推理两个方面，属于深层理解题，一般难度较高，得分率较低，其比例占30%~40%。从历年的高考阅读理解题来看，推理判断题一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、文章的来源或读者对象推断题、写作意图题、观点态度题和篇章结构题。预计高考阅读理解题中的推理判断题仍将是考查的重点，应引起考生的重视。
1. 细节推断题
细节推断题考查的内容虽属于原文的细节，但要求考生在原文基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于已知推断未知。解题原则是“忠于原文，只推一步”。考生解答细节推断题时，首先要定位信息，通过寻读，找到相关信息点；然后进行字面理解，弄懂相关信息点的字面意思；再进行信息整合，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；由具体推抽象，由抽象推具体。然后做出符逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但是考生可在文章中寻找并确定推断的依据，推断出隐藏的深层含义，要做到判断有据、推断有理。
2. 观点态度推断题
文章中作者对某人或某事的观点态度、文章中涉及的人或组织机构的观点态度是常考内容。在记叙文中，作者往往不直接提出观点，考生在阅读文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语，从而推断出作者或文中人物的言外之意。
3. 意图目的推断题
意图目的推理判断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章陈述的事实，使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型不但要求考生能理解文章的大意，同时要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。当然，有时候也会考查考生推断开展某项活动的目的意图，要通过对事件的起因和事件发起人的愿望推断出目的和意图来。
4. 文章出处或读者对象推断题
推断文章出处和读者对象的题目，首先要从文章的体裁和内容着手，弄清文章的中心话题，然后根据话题，确定文章来源和读者对象。如：新闻、广告应出现在报纸、网络上；科普类文章应出现在科学杂志上或报纸的科学版块上；对子女的教育话题的读者对象应该是父母。
5. 下文内容或事件发展结果推断题
此类题目要求考生根据语篇对事件可能的结局和下段可能涉及的内容进行预测。解这类题目时，考生应把握作者的写作思路和文章的篇章结构，根据文章最后一段的描述做出合情合理的预测。
三、主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查考生对全文的内容或某一段的内容加以合理地归纳，目的是检查对短文整体或某一段落的理解概括能力。该类题目是高考中的难点之一，也是区分度较大的题目。主要考查：选择最佳标题；概括文章的中心思想；理解段落大意等。
此类题正确选项的特点：通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词；能概括文章（或段落）的全部内容。干扰项的特点：以偏概全；选项过于笼统；选项内容是命题者杜撰的；选项与主题无关。因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主题，所以在解答此类题时，考生不要急于去找答案，不论它出现在什么位置都永远把主旨大意题作为最后一道题来做。在做完另外几道题后，无疑会有助于考生加深对整篇文章的理解。
四、词义猜测题
1. 依据定义推测词义
在许多情况下，文章的作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉，则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。通过阅读定义和解释部分，读者便可理解该词的基本含义。线索词有that，which，is等。
2. 依据同位语推测词义
通常引出该词同位语的词或短语有or，that is，in other words等，还有的同位语以括号或破折号的形式出现。在这些标记词后考生可较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。
3. 依据文章中的举例推测词义
在阅读理解中，考生可以根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，推断出该生词的意思。
4. 依据对比关系或比较关系的词语推测词义
当作者强调的事物之间有区别或对立时，往往会运用对比的手法，即运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，也可以暗示出生词的含义。能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多，主要有but，yet，however，while，unlike，instead，like，similarly，on the contrary，In contrast to等。标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。
5. 依据构词法推测词义
分析复合词：如果一个生词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的复合词，可以从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上下文推测出该词的意思。考生同时要了解构词法知识。
6. 依据上下文语境，通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、反义词推测词义
7. 依据因果关系推测词义
因果关系是一种常见的、行之有效的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。一定的原因会导致一定的结果，某一结果总是由某种或某些原因引起的。作者在叙述原因的过程中就必然会把词或句子置于因果关系中。常见的表示因果关系的词汇有 since，as，because，for，so，thus，consequently，therefore，hence，due to，result in，result from，as a result，for this reason，accordingly，so that，so...that，such…that等。
8. 利用上下文来推测词义
Close to the North Pole, remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. Yet at the end of a 130-meter-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.
With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits (特征) found within the seeds: the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather.
In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below-zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years.
Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy, impractical, and expensive idea.
We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired, fed up, and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.
The Seed Vault is about hope and commitment— about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant, long-lasting, and worthy of who we are and wish to be.
1.According to the passage, the Seed Vault is ________ .
A. a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture
B. a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops
C. a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops
D. a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed
2.The underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A. mature B. alive C. clean D. valuable
3.What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A. what people do to study the seeds. B. where people keep the seeds.
C. why the seeds are protected. D. how the seeds are preserved.
4.What can we know from the passage
A. the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change.
B. most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties.
C. many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise.
D. the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity.
Technology is more than an abstract concept associated with advanced tools and systems. It also shapes the way people behave, grow and develop, both within their own lives and in their relationships with others. While technology has developed over thousands of years, the last century has seen an explosion in technology that has influenced fundamental changes in how humans see the world and interact with others. Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other. There has been a debate going on whether technology is benefiting human communication or ruining it.
Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills. In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint. With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates.
However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them. With cell phones, most people think that it’s easier and more convenient to text instead of meeting in person. Lucas Lengacher, an undergraduate from Huntington University, claims in his article that at least 42.91% people respond to messages immediately yet only 2.83% people don’t check their phones in the morning. In his research he “found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones”.
5.Which has basically influenced human interaction according to the passage
A.People’s value. B.Social systems.
C.Mobile devices. D.Communication skills.
6.How is the idea of paragraph 2 supported
A.By analyzing data. B.By providing cases.
C.By defining a concept D.By making comparisons.
7.What does Lucas’s research find
A.Phones are getting more and more popular.
B.Phones disconnect us when we are together.
C.People are eager for personal communication.
D.People communicate less because of physical distance.
8.What is the author’s attitude to technology
A.Disappointed. B.Positive. C.Doubtful D.Objective
A new study shows girls and boys as young as seven have the choice of jobs with gender differences. Girls choose jobs based on care and love, while boys choose jobs based on money and power.
Professor Laura Scholes and Dr Sarah McDonald surveyed 332 Year 3 students from 14 Australian schools. They found that the top professions for boys included sports and STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) related jobs, while girls, on the other hand, wanted to be teachers or nurses.
Professor Scholes said the influence of gender stereotypes (刻板印象) on such choices begins in early childhood. “Bright pink toys for girls and blue toys for boys are sold on store shelves around the world.” she said, “In the boys’ section, you’ll find science, construction and warfare toys—perhaps a robot or a telescope. In the girls’ section, you’ll see toys related to cleaning, dolls, kitchens, makeup, jewellery and crafts.”
“This results in lower numbers of girls taking STEM subjects at school. In turn, this means fewer women are going to work in the sciences.” Professor Scholes’s comments came as women make up only 2 percent of the STEM workforce, with the biggest gap in the highest-paid jobs of computer science and engineering.
In Australia, some brands are no longer targeting boys or girls with their toys. Danish toy giant Lego last week announced that they would remove gender stereotypes from their toys, after a global study found that 71 percent of boys feared being made fun of for playing with toys marketed at girls. Lego said its products were mainly used by boys, but it promised to work to remove gender preference from its toys and instead market them for both genders.
9.Which of the following jobs do the boys tend to choose
A. Programmers B. Teachers C. Nurses D. Dressers
10.Why do fewer girls choose STEM subjects according to Professor Scholes
A. Because of the influence of gender stereotypes.
B. Because of their desire to be teachers or nurses.
C. Because of their hobbies based on care and love.
D. Because the jobs concerned with sciences are low-paid.
11.What did some brands do in Australia
A. Advertise their products for boys.
B. Advertise their products for both genders.
C. Target boys or girls with their products.
D. Using gender stereotypes from their toys.
12.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Fewer girls choose STEM subjects
B. Clever children love STEM subjects
C. Brands target children with their toys based on gender
D. Gender differences affect job choosing for children
While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music. Holly Herndon.an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural(人工神经的) networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon's own voice.
When producing her album, PROTO, Holly trained datasets to write new music. The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence (AI). The neural networks then produce variations(变奏曲) of that music. "Computers surprise you in a way that an instrument doesn't." Holly said. So what does music sound like when composed by what is essentially a robot It sounds like music from the future!
But Holly Herndon isn't the only one exploring AI in composition. Machines have played an increasingly important role in music over the last century. The godfather of computer science. Alan Turing, developed the first computer-generated music in 1951. Then in 1980. David Cope from the University of California. Santa Cruz developed EMI—Experiments in Musical Intelligence, a system that analyzes existing music and produces new pieces based on it.
AI might not take over the job of the "pop star" anytime soon, or will it Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. "I'm a model and singer. And I'm a robot." Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer
Though those questions are not easy to answer. I believe the next frontier(前沿) of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly be-come wonderful as music and Al become even more closely connected.
13.What plays an important role in producing PROTO
A. Holly's special voice. B. The input of existing music.
C. Holly's rich knowledge. D. The use of an instrument.
14.Why does the author mention the example of Miquela Sousa
A. To promote deep thinking on Al musicians.
B. To show the popularity of smart robots.
C. To explain the tasks of computer-generated artists.
D. To make comparisons between human and robotic artists.
15.What is the author's attitude towards music co-created by AI and humans
A.Doubtful. B. Surprised. C.Confused. D.Confident.
16.What does the text mainly talk about
A. The increasing diversity of AI music.
B. The development of musical composition.
C. The history of computer-generated music.
D. The combination of AI and musical composition.
Human rubbish can be a cockatoo’s treasure. In Sydney, the birds have learned how to open dustbins and throw rubbish around in the streets as they hunt for leftovers. People are now fighting back.
When cockatoos learn how to open dustbin lids, people change their behavior, using things like bricks to weigh down lids (盖子), to protect their trash from being thrown about. That’s usually a low-level protection and then the cockatoos figure out how to defeat that. That’s when people strengthen their efforts, and the cycle continues.
Tricks such as attempting to scare the parrots off with rubber snakes don’t work very well. Nor does blocking access with heavy objects such as bricks; cockatoos use force to push them off. Hanging weights from the front of the lid or placing items such as sneakers and sticks through a bin’s back handles work better. Researchers didn’t see any birds get inside bins with these higher levels of protection.
The findings suggest an arms race, but the missing piece is how the birds will respond as people try new ways of blocking bins. Some survey responses suggest that the parrots are learning.
Cockatoos may stay away from strategies that take too long to beat. Bricks, for instance, are easy to quickly push off a bin; breaking sticks placed through the bin’s back handle could take more time. Perhaps if enough people in a neighborhood adopt a highly effective method, Clark, a behavioral ecologist says, the cockatoos may not find it worth it to stop by.
17.Why are bricks used in the battle against cockatoos
A. To increase the weight of the lids. B. To hit the birds when necessary.
C. To reduce the size of the rubbish. D. To keep the dustbin balanced.
18.Which seems the best way to win the battle presently
A. Using rubber snakes to frighten the parrots.
B. Blocking access with objects like bricks.
C. Hanging weights from the back of the lid.
D.. Placing sticks through a bin’s back handles.
19.What can we learn about cockatoos from the text
A. They are in danger of extinction. B. They are the strongest parrots.
C. They are clever and adaptable. D. They are good at finding treasure.
20.What does Clark’s statement in the last paragraph suggest
A. People are defeated by cockatoos in the battle.
B. People should work together to win the battle.
C. People and cockatoos should live in harmony.
D. People had better adopt all the cockatoos.
As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding（编码）experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of "We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while" was assigned the categories "sitting at beach" and "listening to waves."
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
"We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it, "said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
21.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A.Pocket parks are now popular. B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature.
22.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A.To compare different types of park-goers.
B.To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C.To analyze the main features of the park.
D.To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
23.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5
A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C.The same nature experience takes different forms.
D.The nature language enhances work performance.
24.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation.
C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication.
Pieter Bruegel’s 1565 realistic painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are,” Ghent University biologist Ive De Smet says. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding (培育) from the second half of the 20th century.” De Smet says he’s teaming up with art historian David Vergauwen of Amarant to look at things where they can spot differences in shape, in color, and in size. Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.
Friends since childhood, they took interest in plants in artwork and began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum in Russia—where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting by Flemish artist Frans Snyders.
“So if you think of a watermelon, you cut it through, it should be dark red on the inside. But that one appeared to be pale and white.” De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But Vergauwen said, “This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been.” Other paintings showed that both red and white watermelons were raised during the 17th century.
The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. Anyone could send pictures of relevant artwork and details of plants when they visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag. But, they add, the sources need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to understand how a pear looked, you might be misled.”
25.What can we learn from De Smet’s words in paragraph 1
A. Humans have mainly fed on wheat since 1565.
B. Selective breeding affects agricultural structure.
C. Wheat has gone through great changes in height.
D. The scene in The Harvesters may be unbelievable.
26.What is Vergauwen’s attitude to the watermelon painted by Frans Snyders
A. Curious. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
27.Why is the social media hashtag created
A. To collect more paintings for their database.
B. To encourage people to focus on art.
C. To advertise their research database.
D. To share some historical plant artwork.
28.What is the text mainly about
A. Ancient paintings focused on food crops.
B. Old art reveals agricultural information.
C. Two men create a database of plant artwork.
D. Plants today are different from their ancestors.
People perform graceful moves, all while standing on a bamboo strip in the river. You may think it's a scene from an art movie, but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage: bamboo drifting(独竹漂).
Bamboo drifting dates back to over 2,000 years ago in the Chishui River area of Guizhou. During the Qin Dynasty,the Bozhou district of Zunyi city was known for its high-quality Nanmu. It was in great demand by the royal court more than 2,000 kilometers to the north. With no transportation along the Chishui River, people had to stand on one log(原木) to drift down the river. Later, local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born. In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.
Now, communities in Guizhou hold bamboo drifting competitions every year during the Dragon Boat Festival. Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one to get the hang of this act, bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
Yang Liu, 24, is an inheritor of bamboo drifting. Yang said the most challenging part of bamboo drifting was keeping one's balance." I fell in the water several times when I was practising," she said.
But the love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going. In the past 17 years, she has drifted all year round, in winter cold and summer heat.
Yang also produces new ideas when spreading the culture of bamboo drifting. For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel. In 2020, Yang registered on social media platforms and posted her videos. "I want to spread it to other countries so that more people around the world will like Chinese culture," she told China Daily.
29. Why did bamboo drifting replace wood drifting
A. The bamboo was cheaper.
B. The bamboo was more beautiful.
C. The bamboo was more convenient.
D. The bamboo was much easier to control.
30. What does the underlined phrase "get the hang of" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Prepare. B. Change. C. Master. D. Improve.
31. What is the most difficult for bamboo drifting in Yang Liu's opinion
A. Designing moves. B. Transporting goods.
C. Choosing bamboo. D. Keeping balance.
32. What can we infer about Yang Liu
A. She inherits bamboo drifting creatively.
B. She learned bamboo drifting very easily.
C. She has become the leader of bamboo drifting.
D. She began learning bamboo drifting at 17.
答案以及解析
1.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits (特征) found within the seeds: the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather. (随着越来越多的证据表明，不受控制的气候变化将严重影响粮食生产，并威胁到世界各地作物的多样性，斯瓦尔巴特群岛全球种子库是确保成千上万的作物品种贮藏的重要一步。这是一批种子，但更重要的是，它是种子中发现的特征的集合：使一个品种对特定害虫的抗性，而使另一个品种对炎热干燥天气有耐受性的基因)”可知，这个种子库里为未来农业储存多种种子的种子基因库，一旦气候变化破坏了世界各地作物的多样性，这里的种子就可以派上用场。故选A。
2.答案： B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段“Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years. (在这样的条件下被冻在山里，大多数主要作物的种子将保持viable数百年或更长时间。有些种子能够保留它们生长数千年的能力)”可知，下句Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years可知，有些种子在数千年后，依然能发芽生长，与上一句为顺接关系，故推知：保存在这里的大多数主要作物的种子几百年之后还是有生命力的。A. mature成熟的；B. alive活着的；C. clean干净的；D. valuable有价值的。viable与alive意思相近。故选B。
3.答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段“In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems enveloped in below- zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. (在密封的盒子里，多个锁着的门后面，由电子安全系统监控，在零度以下的环境中，被许多岩石包围，数以亿计的种子被山中堡垒所保护)”可知，第三段主要讲了种子在这个种子库中是如何储存的。故选D。
4.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea. (但早在2004年，当种子库被提出时，它被视为一个疯狂的、不切实际的、昂贵的想法)”中的几个形容词（crazy, impractical, and expensive）可知，许多人最初认为建立种子库是不明智的。故选C。
5.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。文章第一段中“Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other.（具体来说，互联网和移动设备已经完全改变了人们相互交流的方式。）”可知，影响人类互动的因素是移动设备。故选C。
6.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill.（在商业中，办公室员工和经理使用科技互相发送电子邮件，这被认为是一种沟通技巧。）”以及“On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint.（在社交媒体上，只要分享一些你的照片，人们就会开始根据他们的观点交流你的照片。）”以及“With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates.（随着新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，为了开展项目，学生们使用手机联系老师和同学。）”可知，第二段是从三个案例即：商业中、社交媒体和新冠疫情中阐述了科技帮助人们构建和改善了新的交流技术。故选B。
7.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“In his research he found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones.（在他的研究中，他发现几乎60%的人在使用手机时感觉与周围的人隔绝了。）”可知，发现即使60%在使用手机可是却感觉与周围的人隔绝。故选B。
8.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills.（毫无疑问，技术正在帮助人们建立新的、必要的沟通技能。）”和第三段首句“However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them.（然而，科技有时被认为是切断了人们与周围人的联系。）”可知，作者是从正反双方面分析了科技对人类交流产生的影响，因此作者的态度是客观的。故选D。
9.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“They found that the top professions for boys included sports and STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) related jobs, while girls, on the other hand, wanted to be teachers or nurses. (他们发现，最受男孩欢迎的职业包括体育和STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)相关的工作，而另一方面，女孩则想成为教师或护士。)”以及D项“化妆师”本身就是一个女性主导的职业，可知，男孩倾向于选择程序员的工作。故选A。
10.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Professor Scholes said the influence of gender stereotypes (刻板印象) on such choices begins in early childhood. “Bright pink toys for girls and blue toys for boys are sold on store shelves around the world.” she said, “In the boys’ section, you’ll find science, construction and warfare toys—perhaps a robot or a telescope. In the girls’ section, you’ll see toys related to cleaning, dolls, kitchens, makeup, jewellery and crafts.”(斯科尔斯教授表示，性别刻板印象对这些选择的影响始于童年早期。世界各地的商店货架上都有亮粉色的女孩玩具和蓝色的男孩玩具。她说，“在男孩区，你会发现科学、建筑和战争玩具——也许是机器人或望远镜。”在女孩区，你会看到与清洁、娃娃、厨房、化妆品、珠宝和工艺品相关的玩具。”)”和第四段““This results in lower numbers of girls taking STEM subjects at school. In turn, this means fewer women are going to work in the sciences.” Professor Scholes’s comments came as women make up only 2 percent of the STEM workforce, with the biggest gap in the highest-paid jobs of computer science and engineering. (“这导致在学校学习STEM课程的女孩人数减少。反过来，这意味着更少的女性将从事科学工作。”斯科尔斯教授发表此番言论之际，女性仅占STEM劳动力的2%，在计算机科学和工程等收入最高的工作岗位上，女性与女性的差距最大。)”可知，根据斯科尔斯教授的说法，选择STEM科目的女孩越来越少是因为性别刻板印象的影响。故选A。
11.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In Australia, some brands are no longer targeting boys or girls with their toys. Danish toy giant Lego last week announced that they would remove gender stereotypes from their toys, after a global study found that 71 percent of boys feared being made fun of for playing with toys marketed at girls. Lego said its products were mainly used by boys, but it promised to work to remove gender preference from its toys and instead market them for both genders. (在澳大利亚，一些品牌的玩具不再以男孩或女孩为目标。丹麦玩具巨头乐高上周宣布，他们将取消玩具中的性别刻板印象，此前一项全球研究发现，71%的男孩担心玩面向女孩的玩具会被取笑。乐高表示，其产品主要由男孩使用，但它承诺将努力消除玩具中的性别偏好，销售不再有性别差异。)”可知，在澳大利亚，一些品牌玩具消除具中的性别偏好，为他们的产品做男女通用的广告。故选B。
12.答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study shows girls and boys as young as seven have the choice of jobs with gender differences.(一项新的研究表明，七岁的男孩和女孩在选择工作时存在性别差异。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍研究表明性别差异影响孩子的工作选择。所以“Gender differences affect job choosing for children(性别差异影响孩子的工作选择)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
13.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence(AI).(该过程需要输入人工或人工智能(AI)创作的音乐数据)”可知,现有音乐的输入在产生原型中起着重要的作用。故选B。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. "I'm a model and singer. And I'm a robot." Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer (Miquela Sousa是一个电脑生成的艺术家,在Instagram上有超过一百万的粉丝。“我是一名模特兼歌手。我是一个机器人,”Miquela说。这就提出了一个问题:我们能用电脑重现创造力吗 )可推知,作者提到Miquela Sousa的例子是为了促进对Al音乐人的深度思考。故选A。
15.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though those questions are not easy to answer, I believe the next frontier of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly become wonderful as music and AI become even more closely connected.(虽然这些问题不容易回答,但我相信音乐的下一个前沿是介于两者之间。我可以看到人类创造力与人工智能相结合的新曙光。随着音乐和人工智能的联系越来越紧密,音乐的下一篇章肯定会变得非常精彩)”可推知,作者对AI和人类共同创作的音乐很有信心。故选D。
16.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music, Holly Herndon, an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon's own voice.(虽然大多数音乐家在创作音乐时都是与其他艺术家合作,但现居住在柏林的美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon采取了不同的方式,使用名为Spawn的机器学习软件。该软件使用了模仿人类大脑结构的人工神经网络。这些网络在训练过程中从数据集中学习模式。根据这些数据,网络创造了新的材料,包括Herndon自己的声音)”结合文章主要说明了美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon使用人工智能创作了新音乐。文章介绍了其操作过程以及关于对AI音乐人的深度思考。可知,这篇文章主要讲了人工智能和音乐创作的结合。故选D。
17.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"When cockatoos learn how to open dustbin lids, people change their behavior, using things like bricks to weigh down lids(盖子),to protect their trash from being thrown about.(当凤头鹦鹉学会如何打开垃圾桶盖时，人们改变了 他们的行为，用砖块之类的东西来压住盖子，以保护他们的垃圾不被扔得到处都是。)"以及"That's when people strengthen their efforts, and the cycle continues.(这时人们就会加强努力，这样的循环就会继续下去。) "可知，人类使用砖头之类的东西压住盖 子，以保护垃圾不被鹦鹉到处乱扔。即砖块被用来增加盖子的重量。故选A。
18.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"Hanging weights from the front of the lid or placing items such as sneakers and sticks through a bin's back handles work better.(把重物挂在盖子前面，或者把运动鞋和棍子之类的东西放在垃圾桶的后把手上，效果会更好。)"可知，就防止鹦鹉乱扔垃圾，把重物挂在盖子前面，或者把运动鞋和棍子之类的东西放在垃圾桶的后把手上，效果会更 好。故选D。
19.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"Tricks such as attempting to scare the parrots off with rubber snakes don't work very well. Nor does blocking access with heavy objects such as bricks; cockatoos use force to push them off. (试图用橡皮蛇把鹦鹉吓跑之类的把戏并 不奏效。用砖块之类的重物堵住入口也没有效果;凤头鹦鹉会用力把它们推开。)"以及倒数第二段中"Some survey responses suggest that the parrots are learning.(一些调查结果表明，鹦鹉正在学习。)"可知，这些鹦鹉是聪明和适应性强的。故选C。
20.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Perhaps if enough people in a neighborhood adopt a highly effective method, Clark, a behavioral ecologist says, the cockatoos may not find it worth it to stop by.(行为生态学家克拉克说，如果社区中有足够多的人采用一 种非常有效的方法，凤头鹦鹉可能会觉得不值得停下来。)"可知，人们应该共同努力才能对付凤头鹦鹉，让它们停下来乱丢垃圾。故选B。
21.答案：B
解析：理解具体信息题干问的是在文章开头作者描述的是什么现象。根据第一段中的"access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find" (城市居民越来越难以接触大自然）以及"it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild"(在一个城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。故选B。
22.答案：D
解析：推断题干问的是研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类的原因。根据第四段第一句话"Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories...began to emerge"(在320份提交的材料中,一种被研究人员称为"自然语言"的类别模式开始出现)可知，研究人员这样做是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。故选D。
23.答案：C
解析：推断题干问的是我们从第五段所举的例子中可以学到什么。根据第五段所举的例子"the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break"可知,年轻的职业人土周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。故选C。
24.答案：B
解析：理解具体信息题干问的是在我们与大自然互动之前，我们应该做些什么。根据最后一段Kahn的话"And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it"(为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便与之互动）可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护自然。故选B。
25.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding from the second half of the 20th century.(如今,如果你走过一块麦田,你基本上会看到小麦大约有膝盖那么高,这是20世纪下半叶选择性育种的结果)可知,我们可以从德斯米特在第一段中的话中了解小麦在高度上经历了很大的变化。故选C。
26.答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段But Vergauwen said, "This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that's the way it must have been."(但Vergauwen说："这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成那样,那就一定是那样的。")可知,Vergauwen认为Frans Snyders画的西瓜是真实的,表示支持。故选D。
27.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. (该团队希望建立一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们为它创建了一个社交媒体标签。)可知,社交媒体标签被创建是为了收集更多的与植物有关的绘画作品。故选A。
28.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.(小麦只是历史艺术作品如何帮助追踪粮食作物随时间而变化的一个例子。)并结合全文内容可知,通过以在大都会艺术博物馆展出的一幅1565年的绘画作品"The Harvesters"为例,结合其它艺术作品,说明了可以通过过去的艺术作品了解当时的农业情况。故选B。
29.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句"In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price."可知,到了清朝,由于竹子的价格低于楠木,所以独木漂变成了独竹漂。故选A。
30.答案：C
解析：考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one”可知,此处是指,由于需要巨大的力量和优秀的平衡才能掌握独竹漂,因此独竹漂被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。画线短语与master“掌握”的意思相近。故选C。
31.答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“Yang said the most challenging part of bamboo drifting was keeping one's balance.”可知,杨柳认为独竹漂最具有挑战性的部分是保持身体平衡。故选D。
32.答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一、二句"Yang also produces new ideas when spreading the culture of bamboo drifting. For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel."可知,在传播独竹漂文化的过程中,杨柳产生了新的想法。例如,她将舞蹈与独竹漂结合起来,使其更加优雅,她还在表演时穿着汉服,创造出一种美丽的感觉。由此可推断出,她创造性地传承了独竹漂这一传统技艺。故选A。
重难点知识分析
一、细节理解题
细节理解题通常针对文章中叙述的人物、事物、现象或理论等进行提问，题目难度不大，题干中一般会出现表述较为具体的关键词，考生在审题后可快速锁定关键词并在文章中寻找相应的细节描述。
有时候，虽然题干中提供了关键词，但通过题目的提问方式我们会发现，简单地回文搜索关键词已不能满足做题需求。这时，通过审题来帮助我们提前决定解题方式就很有必要了。
1. 直接细节题
此类试题是对原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答题。在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。此类试题选项多采用原文中的信息直接进行考查，不需要考生进行推断。做题时，考生可以在文章中找到与答案有关的直接信息。此类试题一般不会涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把选项内容与原文内容认真对比即可确定答案。广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等类别的文章，常涉及直接细节题。
2. 间接细节题
需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理才能得出答案此类试题介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间。四个选项不出现原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。
二、推理判断题
推理判断题是历年高考英语的命题集中点，包括判断和推理两个方面，属于深层理解题，一般难度较高，得分率较低，其比例占30%~40%。从历年的高考阅读理解题来看，推理判断题一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、文章的来源或读者对象推断题、写作意图题、观点态度题和篇章结构题。预计高考阅读理解题中的推理判断题仍将是考查的重点，应引起考生的重视。
1. 细节推断题
细节推断题考查的内容虽属于原文的细节，但要求考生在原文基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于已知推断未知。解题原则是“忠于原文，只推一步”。考生解答细节推断题时，首先要定位信息，通过寻读，找到相关信息点；然后进行字面理解，弄懂相关信息点的字面意思；再进行信息整合，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；由具体推抽象，由抽象推具体。然后做出符逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但是考生可在文章中寻找并确定推断的依据，推断出隐藏的深层含义，要做到判断有据、推断有理。
2. 观点态度推断题
文章中作者对某人或某事的观点态度、文章中涉及的人或组织机构的观点态度是常考内容。在记叙文中，作者往往不直接提出观点，考生在阅读文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语，从而推断出作者或文中人物的言外之意。
3. 意图目的推断题
意图目的推理判断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章陈述的事实，使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型不但要求考生能理解文章的大意，同时要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。当然，有时候也会考查考生推断开展某项活动的目的意图，要通过对事件的起因和事件发起人的愿望推断出目的和意图来。
4. 文章出处或读者对象推断题
推断文章出处和读者对象的题目，首先要从文章的体裁和内容着手，弄清文章的中心话题，然后根据话题，确定文章来源和读者对象。如：新闻、广告应出现在报纸、网络上；科普类文章应出现在科学杂志上或报纸的科学版块上；对子女的教育话题的读者对象应该是父母。
5. 下文内容或事件发展结果推断题
此类题目要求考生根据语篇对事件可能的结局和下段可能涉及的内容进行预测。解这类题目时，考生应把握作者的写作思路和文章的篇章结构，根据文章最后一段的描述做出合情合理的预测。
三、主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查考生对全文的内容或某一段的内容加以合理地归纳，目的是检查对短文整体或某一段落的理解概括能力。该类题目是高考中的难点之一，也是区分度较大的题目。主要考查：选择最佳标题；概括文章的中心思想；理解段落大意等。
此类题正确选项的特点：通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词；能概括文章（或段落）的全部内容。干扰项的特点：以偏概全；选项过于笼统；选项内容是命题者杜撰的；选项与主题无关。因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主题，所以在解答此类题时，考生不要急于去找答案，不论它出现在什么位置都永远把主旨大意题作为最后一道题来做。在做完另外几道题后，无疑会有助于考生加深对整篇文章的理解。
四、词义猜测题
1. 依据定义推测词义
在许多情况下，文章的作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉，则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。通过阅读定义和解释部分，读者便可理解该词的基本含义。线索词有that，which，is等。
2. 依据同位语推测词义
通常引出该词同位语的词或短语有or，that is，in other words等，还有的同位语以括号或破折号的形式出现。在这些标记词后考生可较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。
3. 依据文章中的举例推测词义
在阅读理解中，考生可以根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，推断出该生词的意思。
4. 依据对比关系或比较关系的词语推测词义
当作者强调的事物之间有区别或对立时，往往会运用对比的手法，即运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，也可以暗示出生词的含义。能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多，主要有but，yet，however，while，unlike，instead，like，similarly，on the contrary，In contrast to等。标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。
5. 依据构词法推测词义
分析复合词：如果一个生词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的复合词，可以从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上下文推测出该词的意思。考生同时要了解构词法知识。
6. 依据上下文语境，通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、反义词推测词义
7. 依据因果关系推测词义
因果关系是一种常见的、行之有效的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。一定的原因会导致一定的结果，某一结果总是由某种或某些原因引起的。作者在叙述原因的过程中就必然会把词或句子置于因果关系中。常见的表示因果关系的词汇有 since，as，because，for，so，thus，consequently，therefore，hence，due to，result in，result from，as a result，for this reason，accordingly，so that，so...that，such…that等。
8. 利用上下文来推测词义
Close to the North Pole, remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. Yet at the end of a 130-meter-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.
With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits (特征) found within the seeds: the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather.
In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below-zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years.
Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy, impractical, and expensive idea.
We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired, fed up, and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.
The Seed Vault is about hope and commitment— about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant, long-lasting, and worthy of who we are and wish to be.
1.According to the passage, the Seed Vault is ________ .
A. a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture
B. a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops
C. a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops
D. a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed
2.The underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A. mature B. alive C. clean D. valuable
3.What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A. what people do to study the seeds. B. where people keep the seeds.
C. why the seeds are protected. D. how the seeds are preserved.
4.What can we know from the passage
A. the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change.
B. most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties.
C. many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise.
D. the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity.
Technology is more than an abstract concept associated with advanced tools and systems. It also shapes the way people behave, grow and develop, both within their own lives and in their relationships with others. While technology has developed over thousands of years, the last century has seen an explosion in technology that has influenced fundamental changes in how humans see the world and interact with others. Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other. There has been a debate going on whether technology is benefiting human communication or ruining it.
Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills. In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint. With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates.
However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them. With cell phones, most people think that it’s easier and more convenient to text instead of meeting in person. Lucas Lengacher, an undergraduate from Huntington University, claims in his article that at least 42.91% people respond to messages immediately yet only 2.83% people don’t check their phones in the morning. In his research he “found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones”.
5.Which has basically influenced human interaction according to the passage
A.People’s value. B.Social systems.
C.Mobile devices. D.Communication skills.
6.How is the idea of paragraph 2 supported
A.By analyzing data. B.By providing cases.
C.By defining a concept D.By making comparisons.
7.What does Lucas’s research find
A.Phones are getting more and more popular.
B.Phones disconnect us when we are together.
C.People are eager for personal communication.
D.People communicate less because of physical distance.
8.What is the author’s attitude to technology
A.Disappointed. B.Positive. C.Doubtful D.Objective
A new study shows girls and boys as young as seven have the choice of jobs with gender differences. Girls choose jobs based on care and love, while boys choose jobs based on money and power.
Professor Laura Scholes and Dr Sarah McDonald surveyed 332 Year 3 students from 14 Australian schools. They found that the top professions for boys included sports and STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) related jobs, while girls, on the other hand, wanted to be teachers or nurses.
Professor Scholes said the influence of gender stereotypes (刻板印象) on such choices begins in early childhood. “Bright pink toys for girls and blue toys for boys are sold on store shelves around the world.” she said, “In the boys’ section, you’ll find science, construction and warfare toys—perhaps a robot or a telescope. In the girls’ section, you’ll see toys related to cleaning, dolls, kitchens, makeup, jewellery and crafts.”
“This results in lower numbers of girls taking STEM subjects at school. In turn, this means fewer women are going to work in the sciences.” Professor Scholes’s comments came as women make up only 2 percent of the STEM workforce, with the biggest gap in the highest-paid jobs of computer science and engineering.
In Australia, some brands are no longer targeting boys or girls with their toys. Danish toy giant Lego last week announced that they would remove gender stereotypes from their toys, after a global study found that 71 percent of boys feared being made fun of for playing with toys marketed at girls. Lego said its products were mainly used by boys, but it promised to work to remove gender preference from its toys and instead market them for both genders.
9.Which of the following jobs do the boys tend to choose
A. Programmers B. Teachers C. Nurses D. Dressers
10.Why do fewer girls choose STEM subjects according to Professor Scholes
A. Because of the influence of gender stereotypes.
B. Because of their desire to be teachers or nurses.
C. Because of their hobbies based on care and love.
D. Because the jobs concerned with sciences are low-paid.
11.What did some brands do in Australia
A. Advertise their products for boys.
B. Advertise their products for both genders.
C. Target boys or girls with their products.
D. Using gender stereotypes from their toys.
12.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Fewer girls choose STEM subjects
B. Clever children love STEM subjects
C. Brands target children with their toys based on gender
D. Gender differences affect job choosing for children
While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music. Holly Herndon.an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural(人工神经的) networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon's own voice.
When producing her album, PROTO, Holly trained datasets to write new music. The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence (AI). The neural networks then produce variations(变奏曲) of that music. "Computers surprise you in a way that an instrument doesn't." Holly said. So what does music sound like when composed by what is essentially a robot It sounds like music from the future!
But Holly Herndon isn't the only one exploring AI in composition. Machines have played an increasingly important role in music over the last century. The godfather of computer science. Alan Turing, developed the first computer-generated music in 1951. Then in 1980. David Cope from the University of California. Santa Cruz developed EMI—Experiments in Musical Intelligence, a system that analyzes existing music and produces new pieces based on it.
AI might not take over the job of the "pop star" anytime soon, or will it Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. "I'm a model and singer. And I'm a robot." Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer
Though those questions are not easy to answer. I believe the next frontier(前沿) of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly be-come wonderful as music and Al become even more closely connected.
13.What plays an important role in producing PROTO
A. Holly's special voice. B. The input of existing music.
C. Holly's rich knowledge. D. The use of an instrument.
14.Why does the author mention the example of Miquela Sousa
A. To promote deep thinking on Al musicians.
B. To show the popularity of smart robots.
C. To explain the tasks of computer-generated artists.
D. To make comparisons between human and robotic artists.
15.What is the author's attitude towards music co-created by AI and humans
A.Doubtful. B. Surprised. C.Confused. D.Confident.
16.What does the text mainly talk about
A. The increasing diversity of AI music.
B. The development of musical composition.
C. The history of computer-generated music.
D. The combination of AI and musical composition.
Human rubbish can be a cockatoo’s treasure. In Sydney, the birds have learned how to open dustbins and throw rubbish around in the streets as they hunt for leftovers. People are now fighting back.
When cockatoos learn how to open dustbin lids, people change their behavior, using things like bricks to weigh down lids (盖子), to protect their trash from being thrown about. That’s usually a low-level protection and then the cockatoos figure out how to defeat that. That’s when people strengthen their efforts, and the cycle continues.
Tricks such as attempting to scare the parrots off with rubber snakes don’t work very well. Nor does blocking access with heavy objects such as bricks; cockatoos use force to push them off. Hanging weights from the front of the lid or placing items such as sneakers and sticks through a bin’s back handles work better. Researchers didn’t see any birds get inside bins with these higher levels of protection.
The findings suggest an arms race, but the missing piece is how the birds will respond as people try new ways of blocking bins. Some survey responses suggest that the parrots are learning.
Cockatoos may stay away from strategies that take too long to beat. Bricks, for instance, are easy to quickly push off a bin; breaking sticks placed through the bin’s back handle could take more time. Perhaps if enough people in a neighborhood adopt a highly effective method, Clark, a behavioral ecologist says, the cockatoos may not find it worth it to stop by.
17.Why are bricks used in the battle against cockatoos
A. To increase the weight of the lids. B. To hit the birds when necessary.
C. To reduce the size of the rubbish. D. To keep the dustbin balanced.
18.Which seems the best way to win the battle presently
A. Using rubber snakes to frighten the parrots.
B. Blocking access with objects like bricks.
C. Hanging weights from the back of the lid.
D.. Placing sticks through a bin’s back handles.
19.What can we learn about cockatoos from the text
A. They are in danger of extinction. B. They are the strongest parrots.
C. They are clever and adaptable. D. They are good at finding treasure.
20.What does Clark’s statement in the last paragraph suggest
A. People are defeated by cockatoos in the battle.
B. People should work together to win the battle.
C. People and cockatoos should live in harmony.
D. People had better adopt all the cockatoos.
As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding（编码）experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of "We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while" was assigned the categories "sitting at beach" and "listening to waves."
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
"We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it, "said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
21.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A.Pocket parks are now popular. B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature.
22.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A.To compare different types of park-goers.
B.To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C.To analyze the main features of the park.
D.To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
23.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5
A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C.The same nature experience takes different forms.
D.The nature language enhances work performance.
24.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation.
C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication.
Pieter Bruegel’s 1565 realistic painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are,” Ghent University biologist Ive De Smet says. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding (培育) from the second half of the 20th century.” De Smet says he’s teaming up with art historian David Vergauwen of Amarant to look at things where they can spot differences in shape, in color, and in size. Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.
Friends since childhood, they took interest in plants in artwork and began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum in Russia—where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting by Flemish artist Frans Snyders.
“So if you think of a watermelon, you cut it through, it should be dark red on the inside. But that one appeared to be pale and white.” De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But Vergauwen said, “This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been.” Other paintings showed that both red and white watermelons were raised during the 17th century.
The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. Anyone could send pictures of relevant artwork and details of plants when they visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag. But, they add, the sources need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to understand how a pear looked, you might be misled.”
25.What can we learn from De Smet’s words in paragraph 1
A. Humans have mainly fed on wheat since 1565.
B. Selective breeding affects agricultural structure.
C. Wheat has gone through great changes in height.
D. The scene in The Harvesters may be unbelievable.
26.What is Vergauwen’s attitude to the watermelon painted by Frans Snyders
A. Curious. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
27.Why is the social media hashtag created
A. To collect more paintings for their database.
B. To encourage people to focus on art.
C. To advertise their research database.
D. To share some historical plant artwork.
28.What is the text mainly about
A. Ancient paintings focused on food crops.
B. Old art reveals agricultural information.
C. Two men create a database of plant artwork.
D. Plants today are different from their ancestors.
People perform graceful moves, all while standing on a bamboo strip in the river. You may think it's a scene from an art movie, but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage: bamboo drifting(独竹漂).
Bamboo drifting dates back to over 2,000 years ago in the Chishui River area of Guizhou. During the Qin Dynasty,the Bozhou district of Zunyi city was known for its high-quality Nanmu. It was in great demand by the royal court more than 2,000 kilometers to the north. With no transportation along the Chishui River, people had to stand on one log(原木) to drift down the river. Later, local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born. In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.
Now, communities in Guizhou hold bamboo drifting competitions every year during the Dragon Boat Festival. Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one to get the hang of this act, bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
Yang Liu, 24, is an inheritor of bamboo drifting. Yang said the most challenging part of bamboo drifting was keeping one's balance." I fell in the water several times when I was practising," she said.
But the love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going. In the past 17 years, she has drifted all year round, in winter cold and summer heat.
Yang also produces new ideas when spreading the culture of bamboo drifting. For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel. In 2020, Yang registered on social media platforms and posted her videos. "I want to spread it to other countries so that more people around the world will like Chinese culture," she told China Daily.
29. Why did bamboo drifting replace wood drifting
A. The bamboo was cheaper.
B. The bamboo was more beautiful.
C. The bamboo was more convenient.
D. The bamboo was much easier to control.
30. What does the underlined phrase "get the hang of" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Prepare. B. Change. C. Master. D. Improve.
31. What is the most difficult for bamboo drifting in Yang Liu's opinion
A. Designing moves. B. Transporting goods.
C. Choosing bamboo. D. Keeping balance.
32. What can we infer about Yang Liu
A. She inherits bamboo drifting creatively.
B. She learned bamboo drifting very easily.
C. She has become the leader of bamboo drifting.
D. She began learning bamboo drifting at 17.
答案以及解析
1.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits (特征) found within the seeds: the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather. (随着越来越多的证据表明，不受控制的气候变化将严重影响粮食生产，并威胁到世界各地作物的多样性，斯瓦尔巴特群岛全球种子库是确保成千上万的作物品种贮藏的重要一步。这是一批种子，但更重要的是，它是种子中发现的特征的集合：使一个品种对特定害虫的抗性，而使另一个品种对炎热干燥天气有耐受性的基因)”可知，这个种子库里为未来农业储存多种种子的种子基因库，一旦气候变化破坏了世界各地作物的多样性，这里的种子就可以派上用场。故选A。
2.答案： B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段“Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years. (在这样的条件下被冻在山里，大多数主要作物的种子将保持viable数百年或更长时间。有些种子能够保留它们生长数千年的能力)”可知，下句Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years可知，有些种子在数千年后，依然能发芽生长，与上一句为顺接关系，故推知：保存在这里的大多数主要作物的种子几百年之后还是有生命力的。A. mature成熟的；B. alive活着的；C. clean干净的；D. valuable有价值的。viable与alive意思相近。故选B。
3.答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段“In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems enveloped in below- zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. (在密封的盒子里，多个锁着的门后面，由电子安全系统监控，在零度以下的环境中，被许多岩石包围，数以亿计的种子被山中堡垒所保护)”可知，第三段主要讲了种子在这个种子库中是如何储存的。故选D。
4.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea. (但早在2004年，当种子库被提出时，它被视为一个疯狂的、不切实际的、昂贵的想法)”中的几个形容词（crazy, impractical, and expensive）可知，许多人最初认为建立种子库是不明智的。故选C。
5.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。文章第一段中“Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other.（具体来说，互联网和移动设备已经完全改变了人们相互交流的方式。）”可知，影响人类互动的因素是移动设备。故选C。
6.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill.（在商业中，办公室员工和经理使用科技互相发送电子邮件，这被认为是一种沟通技巧。）”以及“On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint.（在社交媒体上，只要分享一些你的照片，人们就会开始根据他们的观点交流你的照片。）”以及“With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates.（随着新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，为了开展项目，学生们使用手机联系老师和同学。）”可知，第二段是从三个案例即：商业中、社交媒体和新冠疫情中阐述了科技帮助人们构建和改善了新的交流技术。故选B。
7.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“In his research he found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones.（在他的研究中，他发现几乎60%的人在使用手机时感觉与周围的人隔绝了。）”可知，发现即使60%在使用手机可是却感觉与周围的人隔绝。故选B。
8.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills.（毫无疑问，技术正在帮助人们建立新的、必要的沟通技能。）”和第三段首句“However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them.（然而，科技有时被认为是切断了人们与周围人的联系。）”可知，作者是从正反双方面分析了科技对人类交流产生的影响，因此作者的态度是客观的。故选D。
9.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“They found that the top professions for boys included sports and STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) related jobs, while girls, on the other hand, wanted to be teachers or nurses. (他们发现，最受男孩欢迎的职业包括体育和STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)相关的工作，而另一方面，女孩则想成为教师或护士。)”以及D项“化妆师”本身就是一个女性主导的职业，可知，男孩倾向于选择程序员的工作。故选A。
10.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Professor Scholes said the influence of gender stereotypes (刻板印象) on such choices begins in early childhood. “Bright pink toys for girls and blue toys for boys are sold on store shelves around the world.” she said, “In the boys’ section, you’ll find science, construction and warfare toys—perhaps a robot or a telescope. In the girls’ section, you’ll see toys related to cleaning, dolls, kitchens, makeup, jewellery and crafts.”(斯科尔斯教授表示，性别刻板印象对这些选择的影响始于童年早期。世界各地的商店货架上都有亮粉色的女孩玩具和蓝色的男孩玩具。她说，“在男孩区，你会发现科学、建筑和战争玩具——也许是机器人或望远镜。”在女孩区，你会看到与清洁、娃娃、厨房、化妆品、珠宝和工艺品相关的玩具。”)”和第四段““This results in lower numbers of girls taking STEM subjects at school. In turn, this means fewer women are going to work in the sciences.” Professor Scholes’s comments came as women make up only 2 percent of the STEM workforce, with the biggest gap in the highest-paid jobs of computer science and engineering. (“这导致在学校学习STEM课程的女孩人数减少。反过来，这意味着更少的女性将从事科学工作。”斯科尔斯教授发表此番言论之际，女性仅占STEM劳动力的2%，在计算机科学和工程等收入最高的工作岗位上，女性与女性的差距最大。)”可知，根据斯科尔斯教授的说法，选择STEM科目的女孩越来越少是因为性别刻板印象的影响。故选A。
11.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In Australia, some brands are no longer targeting boys or girls with their toys. Danish toy giant Lego last week announced that they would remove gender stereotypes from their toys, after a global study found that 71 percent of boys feared being made fun of for playing with toys marketed at girls. Lego said its products were mainly used by boys, but it promised to work to remove gender preference from its toys and instead market them for both genders. (在澳大利亚，一些品牌的玩具不再以男孩或女孩为目标。丹麦玩具巨头乐高上周宣布，他们将取消玩具中的性别刻板印象，此前一项全球研究发现，71%的男孩担心玩面向女孩的玩具会被取笑。乐高表示，其产品主要由男孩使用，但它承诺将努力消除玩具中的性别偏好，销售不再有性别差异。)”可知，在澳大利亚，一些品牌玩具消除具中的性别偏好，为他们的产品做男女通用的广告。故选B。
12.答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study shows girls and boys as young as seven have the choice of jobs with gender differences.(一项新的研究表明，七岁的男孩和女孩在选择工作时存在性别差异。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍研究表明性别差异影响孩子的工作选择。所以“Gender differences affect job choosing for children(性别差异影响孩子的工作选择)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
13.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The process requires the input data of music written by people or by artificial intelligence(AI).(该过程需要输入人工或人工智能(AI)创作的音乐数据)”可知,现有音乐的输入在产生原型中起着重要的作用。故选B。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Miquela Sousa is a computer-generated artist with over one million followers on Instagram. "I'm a model and singer. And I'm a robot." Miquela said. This then raises the question: Can we reproduce creativity using a computer (Miquela Sousa是一个电脑生成的艺术家,在Instagram上有超过一百万的粉丝。“我是一名模特兼歌手。我是一个机器人,”Miquela说。这就提出了一个问题:我们能用电脑重现创造力吗 )可推知,作者提到Miquela Sousa的例子是为了促进对Al音乐人的深度思考。故选A。
15.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though those questions are not easy to answer, I believe the next frontier of music lies somewhere in between. I can see the path forward with a new dawn of creativity that combines human inventiveness with AI. And the next chapter of music will certainly become wonderful as music and AI become even more closely connected.(虽然这些问题不容易回答,但我相信音乐的下一个前沿是介于两者之间。我可以看到人类创造力与人工智能相结合的新曙光。随着音乐和人工智能的联系越来越紧密,音乐的下一篇章肯定会变得非常精彩)”可推知,作者对AI和人类共同创作的音乐很有信心。故选D。
16.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“While most musicians work with other artists when creating their music, Holly Herndon, an American musician and sound artist who is now based in Berlin, takes a different way, working with the machine learning software called Spawn. The software uses artificial neural networks modeled after the structure of the human brain. These networks learn patterns from datasets during the training process. Based on the data, the networks create new material that includes Herndon's own voice.(虽然大多数音乐家在创作音乐时都是与其他艺术家合作,但现居住在柏林的美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon采取了不同的方式,使用名为Spawn的机器学习软件。该软件使用了模仿人类大脑结构的人工神经网络。这些网络在训练过程中从数据集中学习模式。根据这些数据,网络创造了新的材料,包括Herndon自己的声音)”结合文章主要说明了美国音乐家和声音艺术家Holly Herndon使用人工智能创作了新音乐。文章介绍了其操作过程以及关于对AI音乐人的深度思考。可知,这篇文章主要讲了人工智能和音乐创作的结合。故选D。
17.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"When cockatoos learn how to open dustbin lids, people change their behavior, using things like bricks to weigh down lids(盖子),to protect their trash from being thrown about.(当凤头鹦鹉学会如何打开垃圾桶盖时，人们改变了 他们的行为，用砖块之类的东西来压住盖子，以保护他们的垃圾不被扔得到处都是。)"以及"That's when people strengthen their efforts, and the cycle continues.(这时人们就会加强努力，这样的循环就会继续下去。) "可知，人类使用砖头之类的东西压住盖 子，以保护垃圾不被鹦鹉到处乱扔。即砖块被用来增加盖子的重量。故选A。
18.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"Hanging weights from the front of the lid or placing items such as sneakers and sticks through a bin's back handles work better.(把重物挂在盖子前面，或者把运动鞋和棍子之类的东西放在垃圾桶的后把手上，效果会更好。)"可知，就防止鹦鹉乱扔垃圾，把重物挂在盖子前面，或者把运动鞋和棍子之类的东西放在垃圾桶的后把手上，效果会更 好。故选D。
19.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"Tricks such as attempting to scare the parrots off with rubber snakes don't work very well. Nor does blocking access with heavy objects such as bricks; cockatoos use force to push them off. (试图用橡皮蛇把鹦鹉吓跑之类的把戏并 不奏效。用砖块之类的重物堵住入口也没有效果;凤头鹦鹉会用力把它们推开。)"以及倒数第二段中"Some survey responses suggest that the parrots are learning.(一些调查结果表明，鹦鹉正在学习。)"可知，这些鹦鹉是聪明和适应性强的。故选C。
20.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Perhaps if enough people in a neighborhood adopt a highly effective method, Clark, a behavioral ecologist says, the cockatoos may not find it worth it to stop by.(行为生态学家克拉克说，如果社区中有足够多的人采用一 种非常有效的方法，凤头鹦鹉可能会觉得不值得停下来。)"可知，人们应该共同努力才能对付凤头鹦鹉，让它们停下来乱丢垃圾。故选B。
21.答案：B
解析：理解具体信息题干问的是在文章开头作者描述的是什么现象。根据第一段中的"access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find" (城市居民越来越难以接触大自然）以及"it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild"(在一个城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。故选B。
22.答案：D
解析：推断题干问的是研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类的原因。根据第四段第一句话"Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories...began to emerge"(在320份提交的材料中,一种被研究人员称为"自然语言"的类别模式开始出现)可知，研究人员这样做是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。故选D。
23.答案：C
解析：推断题干问的是我们从第五段所举的例子中可以学到什么。根据第五段所举的例子"the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break"可知,年轻的职业人土周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。故选C。
24.答案：B
解析：理解具体信息题干问的是在我们与大自然互动之前，我们应该做些什么。根据最后一段Kahn的话"And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it"(为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便与之互动）可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护自然。故选B。
25.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding from the second half of the 20th century.(如今,如果你走过一块麦田,你基本上会看到小麦大约有膝盖那么高,这是20世纪下半叶选择性育种的结果)可知,我们可以从德斯米特在第一段中的话中了解小麦在高度上经历了很大的变化。故选C。
26.答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段But Vergauwen said, "This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that's the way it must have been."(但Vergauwen说："这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成那样,那就一定是那样的。")可知,Vergauwen认为Frans Snyders画的西瓜是真实的,表示支持。故选D。
27.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. (该团队希望建立一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们为它创建了一个社交媒体标签。)可知,社交媒体标签被创建是为了收集更多的与植物有关的绘画作品。故选A。
28.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.(小麦只是历史艺术作品如何帮助追踪粮食作物随时间而变化的一个例子。)并结合全文内容可知,通过以在大都会艺术博物馆展出的一幅1565年的绘画作品"The Harvesters"为例,结合其它艺术作品,说明了可以通过过去的艺术作品了解当时的农业情况。故选B。
29.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句"In the Qing Dynasty, wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price."可知,到了清朝,由于竹子的价格低于楠木,所以独木漂变成了独竹漂。故选A。
30.答案：C
解析：考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“Due to the great strength and balance it takes for one”可知,此处是指,由于需要巨大的力量和优秀的平衡才能掌握独竹漂,因此独竹漂被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。画线短语与master“掌握”的意思相近。故选C。
31.答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“Yang said the most challenging part of bamboo drifting was keeping one's balance.”可知,杨柳认为独竹漂最具有挑战性的部分是保持身体平衡。故选D。
32.答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一、二句"Yang also produces new ideas when spreading the culture of bamboo drifting. For example, she connects dance with bamboo drifting to make it more graceful and wears hanfu when performing, creating a beautiful feel."可知,在传播独竹漂文化的过程中,杨柳产生了新的想法。例如,她将舞蹈与独竹漂结合起来,使其更加优雅,她还在表演时穿着汉服,创造出一种美丽的感觉。由此可推断出,她创造性地传承了独竹漂这一传统技艺。故选A。