备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(上海专用)短文选词填空10篇(第二期)-（含解析）
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备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(上海专用)
第二期
专题03 短文选词填空10篇
（2023上·上海·高三上海市育才中学校考期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．qualities B．continued C． bodies D．essential E. transformations F. described G. geological H. shaped I. estimated J. cultivated K. evolved
For the first time, scientists have mapped the whole surface of Titan, the largest moon around Saturn. The map confirms existing data showing that Titan has many Earth-like 1 that might be able to support life.
The data was collected by Cassini, a spacecraft operated by the U.S. space agency NASA．The spacecraft studied Saturn and its moons from 2004 to 2017. Astronomers used images and radar measurements from Cassini to create the 2 map of Titan.
The map shows Titan as a mixture of flat plains, hills and mountains, windblown sand areas, valleys and lakes. The mapping operation is 3 in a report published in Nature Astronomy.
Rosaly Lopes led the project. She is a planetary scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. Lopes told the publication that the many similarities between Earth and Titan make the Saturn moon a great choice for 4 exploration.
“Titan has an atmosphere like Earth's. It has wind; it has rain; it has mountains,” Lopes said.
Titan is the only planet in our solar system besides Earth to have known 5 of liquid on its surface. But Titan's seas and lakes are filled with liquid methane (甲烷) rather than water.
At cold temperatures, methane goes through similar 6 as rain does on Earth. It falls to the surface across the planet to form rivers and lakes and can then evaporate (挥发) to form clouds again.
The map found that nearly two-thirds of Titan's surface is made up of flat plains, Nature reported. About 17 percent is covered in sandy hills 7 by the wind, mostly around the equator.
Unlike Earth, Titan's sand is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. Around 14 percent of the surface is considered hilly or mountainous. Seas and lakes filled with liquid methane cover a(n) 8 1.5 percent of Titan. The liquid exists mainly closer to the planet's poles, while the equatorial areas remain drier.
Rosaly Lopes says organic materials --- those containing carbon --- in Titan's atmosphere are 9 for the growth of living organisms. “Organics are very important for the possibility of lifeon Titan, which many of us think likely would have 10 in the liquid water ocean under Titan's icy crust (硬的表面),”she said.
（2023上·上海·高三上海交大附中校考期中）Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．celebrate B．overlooked C． circumstances D．cast E. incredibly F. factors G. unspoken H. swim I. strongly J. normal K. assume
Self-Silencing Is Making Women SickIn the late 1980s, Harvard-trained psychologist Dana Jack identified a recurring theme among female patients suffering from depression: a tendency to self-silence, defined as “the tendency to engage in uncontrollable caretaking, pleasing the other, and restriction of self-expression in relationships in an attempt to achieve intimacy and meet relational needs.” He found that this learned behavior, 11 rooted in gender norms, was linked to an increased risk of depression.
Since then, considerable evidence has revealed that female self-silencing isn’t just tied to psychological issues like depression and eating disorders, but also to physical illness. Most worryingly, it has also been linked to higher risk of premature death. This was true even when 12 such as age, blood pressure, and smoking were taken into account.
When women push their feelings down and 13 their needs aside, their health suffers. But it can be difficult for women to do otherwise in cultures that 14 these self-silencing practices. Moms are praised for being painstakingly selfless to the point of self-sacrifice. These 15 standards establish a vicious (恶性的) cycle. For many women, it feels easier—beneficial, even—to silence their needs at the expense of their own health, rather than 16 against the prevailing cultural current.
In his best-selling book, The Myth of Normal, physician and author Gabor Mate writes that many of our society’s most “normalized ways of being” are, in fact, 17 toxic. “That ‘not listening to self’ in order to prioritize others’ needs is a significant source of the health-impairing roles women 18 ,” Mate explains. “It is among the medically 19 but extremely harmful ways in which our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”
To reshape the virtues of womanhood, a new “ 20 ” needs to emerge—one in which we honor our emotions, prioritize our needs, and actively communicate our boundaries. Such a shift requires change on both the individual and societal level, and will by no means be easy. But it’s certainly worth it—after all, women’s lives depend on it.
（2023上·上海·高三上海中学校考期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．feature B．rejections C． indescribable D．drawing E. noted F. lives G. hit H. intentional I. resolved J. setting K. band
Jack London: A Fascinating CharacterWhen one mentions Jack London, the most common contemporary references that pop to mind are The Call of the Wild and White Fang. However, upon a closer look at the author, the true depth of how varied and interesting his life and works were can really be 21 .
London is considered America’s best author by many. Most successful and at ease writing short stories, he was also the first author to become genuinely wealthy during his lifetime from selling his work. However, this did not happen overnight: in fact, London received 600 22 before his first story was published for a spread out payment of $5.
During his 40 years, London seemed to have lived 1000 23 . By the age of 18, he had already worked as a coal miner, worked on sealing ships and can factories, and been in a(n) 24 of beggars. At 17, he went to jail in Buffalo, NY for 30 days due to the latter, an experience which proved to be one that even the productive writer himself called 25 .
When he did return to his formal education, he completed high school and then attended UC Berkley, which had been a major dream for him. However, he stopped after just one semester as he ran out of money and carried on to 26 the Klondike Gold Rush with his brother-in-law. That would later be the 27 for some of his most famous works. It was also in the Yukon that London became very ill and began writing. When he returned home, he 28 to become a commercially successful writer and began to write 1000 words daily. He wrote of adventure, politics, humanity, survival, often 29 from a large number of him personal experiences.
London died at the age of 40, from a drug overdose. It is not known whether it was 30 or not, as he made many references to suicide throughout his works.
（2023上·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考开学考试）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．including B．urgent C． features D．targets E. lengths F. chasing G. accused H. commands I. fed J. restock K. collecting
Pokemon Stickers Are Back for Koreans Nostalgic (怀旧的) for ChildhoodSmall pastries include a surprise sticker, and the goal is to find all 159 varieties — just like a trend more than 20 years ago.
Jeong Bo-ram’s new fascination has him 31 mass-produced pastries(糕点), delivery trucks and his childhood memories. His 32 are $1.20 bakery items sold with random Pokemon stickers that fly off store shelves in South Korea.
Just a few short of a full 159-sticker collection, 29-year-old Mr. Jeong has gone to more than 10 convenience stores and supermarkets a day, often leaving empty-handed. He has paid hundreds of dollars. He has learned the evening 33 times throughout his neighborhood to know when fresh drop-offs occur.
More than two decades ago, the Pokemon sticker-treat duo caught on with a generation of South Korean children, before the craze passed after a few years and the products were discontinued. Now the goodies are back just in time for the country’s broader retro boom, 34 by adults nostaglic for simpler times.
South Koreans are going to great 35 to live out the Pokemon tagline of “Gotta catch ’em all,” with some 36 the stickers in display booklets. Pokemon, originally a Japanese game for the Nintendo Game Boy that 37 hundreds of monster characters, has expanded into globally popular animated series, toys and video-games, 38 the recent hit Pokemon Go for smartphones.
Retailers have posted signs on their entrances that read, “We have no Pokemon bread,” while some store owners are 39 of bundling the in-demand pastries with unpopular items. Hunters camp outside supermarkets early in the morning. The rarest of stickers, such as that of the legendary characters Mew (梦幻) and Mewtwo (超梦), fetch $40 online. A full collection 40 more than $700, the listings show. Actual children also try to find the stickers, but adults are using their greater resources for the hunt.
Ko Hyo-jin shrieked when she ripped open a package of “Diglett Strawberry Custard Bread” recently and discovered inside a sticker of Mewtwo - a two-legged monster shown extending its paw. She immediately dialed up her husband. “It felt like winning the lottery,” said the 39-year-old homemaker in the Seoul Suburbs.
The nostalgic chase has been embraced by young adults facing Korea’s stagnant economy, soaring real-estate prices and a tight labor market.
（2023上·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．award B．house C．hit D．namely E．specifically F．grabbed G．traded H．gang I．bar J．principled K．transmission
American authorities arrested Masphal Kry, an official in Cambodia’s forestry administration, last November when he was heading to an international meeting about trade regulations for endangered species in Panama. Prosecutors accused him of conspiring with a smuggling ring. The contraband (违禁品): monkeys, 41 long-tailed macaques. His 42 allegedly grabbed wild macaques in Cambodia’s national parks and bribed officials to label them as captive-bred. Fake papers allowed Vanny Bio Research, a Cambodian pharma company, to ship these unfortunate primates (灵长类动物) to America for use in research. Mr Kry is facing trial in Florida’s Southern District Court. The federal government funds seven National Primate Research Centres (NPRCs), which 43 in total around 20,000 primates, not only macaques but also baboons and marmosets. These centres then 44 primates to labs across America. NPRCs have fulfilled only a third of requests for untested-on macaques in 2021 and prices have soared. Before the covid-19 pandemic a rhesus macaque cost $8,000; by 2022 they had 45 $24,000. Another species, long-tail macaques, is probably per pound currently the most expensive 46 wildlife, says Lisa Jones-Engel, a science adviser at PETA, an animal-rights group.
Getting lab monkeys from abroad became harder during the pandemic. Chinese authorities banned the export of all primates in early 2020. The Chinese government wanted to 47 the country’s wildlife trade, which is thought to encourage the 48 of pathogens—like sars-cov-2—from animals to humans.
That forced American companies to rely on less 49 South-East Asian suppliers. Many scientists believe poaching is prevalent across Cambodia. In February, the Department of Justice subpoenaed Charles River over 1,000 juvenile macaques the pharmaceutical company had bought from Cambodia; the DoJ suspected they were 50 in the wild then exported. These primates are now in Texas and Maryland but also in dilemma: they cannot be tested on, nor can they be flown back to Cambodia.
（2022上·上海嘉定·高三校考期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．adventure B．carelessly C． existence D．exploit E. inaccessible F. minimized G. reflects H. responsible I. accounts J. visible K. wilderness
Antarctica is the highest, driest and coldest place on Earth. It is also the remotest, a fact which 51 for its unspoiled environment. It is widely described as the last 52 on our planet. The cold climate is 53 for maintaining the continent’s year-round ice fields. Even though Antarctica receives more sunlight than the equator(赤道), the temperatures are lower because the ice sheet 54 the heat back into space.
For centuries, Europeans wondered about the 55 of a South-Polar continent, but no one actually knew for certain Antarctica was there until 1820 when European explorers “discovered” it. Since then, men have gone to Antarctica in search of 56 . Testing their abilities, several teams of explorers set out in 1911 to be the first men to stand at the South Pole.
Once completely 57 , Antarctica has more recently been playing host to adventurers seeking for excitement, scientists interested in experimenting, and companies looking to 58 this wild area for profit.
Yet, Antarctica’s fragile and complicated eco-system is threatened by its human visitors. Damage to the environment occurs as people come looking for resources beneath the ice, or 59 leave their garbage behind. Currently, countries are working to ensure that the damage to Antarctica’s environment is 60 , and that Antarctica will remain an unspoiled place.
（2023下·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考阶段练习）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．virtually B．pride C． drawn D．consistently
E. course F. spot G. spied H. representing
I. dominate J. banning K. host
China is challenging South Korea’s e-sports dominanceSome 4,000 fans gathered at the BEXCO Centre in Busan, a big port city in South Korea, on May 29th. Another 2.2m tuned in online. They were there for the finals of the Mid-Season Invitational, a prestigious(有声望的) e-sports tournament. A dozen teams had been competing over the 61 of three weeks to show off their skills at League of Legends (LOL), an online strategy-fantasy game. Now just two remained: Royal Never Give Up from China and T1, 62 the home side. As the battle raged, T1 soon sputtered(被打花了). The mood in the hall grew sad. Some fans left early. By the time the Chinese team, joining 63 at home, emerged victorious, few were left.
The enthusiasm, and bitter disappointment, reflect the place e-sports have in South Korean youth culture. The games are not just fun, but a source of national 64 . Since the 1990s players have honed(磨练) their skills in PC bangs (internet cafés), where children would go straight after school. Games such as StarCraft and LOL filled time and fired up competitive spirit like after-class basketball in America or football in Brazil. The pool of talent expanded, and South Korean players came to 65 online-gaming championships.
No longer. China is now on the rise. Chinese companies are at the heart of gaming globally. The country’s biggest tech firm, Tencent, owns Riot Games, which developed LOL, as well as 40% of Epic Games, which makes Fortnite. Interest in the pastime has grown, too. There are some 685m gamers in China, including those who play on their phones, compared with 33m in South Korea. Over the past few years China has 66 beaten South Korea in big championships.
South Korea contributed to its own downfall. “Skilled Korean players and coaches played a role in cultivating the e-sport scene in China,” says Choi Eun-Kyoung of Hanshin University, near Seoul. South Korean masters, 67 in by big money, taught Chinese players the lessons of their success and established real-world gaming academies and systems to 68 and hire talent.
South Korea has now 69 a chance to catch up. Last year, China limited under-18s to three hours of online gaming a week. Given that serious players start as young as 14 and practise some 70 hours a week, Chinese e-sports are likely to suffer. South Korea, meanwhile, last year canceled a decade-old law 70 under-16s from playing online games in the dead of night.
（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．confirmed B．measurable C．previously D．determine E. tracking F. habitable G.virtually H. sensitive I. protect J. surprised K.system
A New Exoplanet in the System
In 2014, data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138. This was based on a 71 dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star, a transit.
Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir, from the University of New Mexico, came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary 72 with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between 2014 and 2016 to catch more transits of Kepler-138d, the third planet in the system, in order to study its atmosphere.
While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138, Piaulet and her team were 73 to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system, Kepler-138e.
This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others, taking 38 days to complete an orbit.The planet is in the 74 zone of its star, a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water. Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to 75 its size.
With Kepler-138e, the masses of the 76 known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method, which consists of 77 small variations in the precise moments of the planets’ transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.
The researchers had another surprise: they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets, with 78 the same size and mass, while they were previously thought to be greatly different. The closer-in planet,Kepler-138b, on the other hand, is 79 to be a small Mars-mass planet, one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.
“As our instruments and techniques become 80 enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars, we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138 c and d,” Benneke concluded.
（2023·上海黄浦·统考二模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．automatically B．coexist C． concept D．discontinued E. discouraged F. necessarily G. optimism H. priced I. profit-generating J. promotional K. trash
Too Good To GoAround the country, apps that connect customers to businesses with leftover food have begun to spread. The 81 is simple: Restaurants and grocery stores throw away huge amounts of food every day. Rather than 82 it, apps like Too Good To Go and Flashfood help businesses sell it at a reduced price. They claim that the businesses and buyers are helping the environment because the food would otherwise become food waste, a big contributor to climate change.
In the United States, customers in 12 cities can look through restaurants and stores on Too Good To Go, then reserve “surprise bags” that typically cost about $4 to $6 and contain food that would have been 83 at roughly three times that amount.
Several food waste experts expressed 84 that these types of apps could help limit the amount of wasted food. And even though charitable organizations often redirect unwanted food from restaurants and grocery stores to food banks and community kitchens, there’s space for all of these kinds of solutions to 85 .
One complication is that, according to interviews with several companies selling on Too Good To Go, at least a few items for sale there aren’t 86 what buyers might think of as “food waste.” The owner of a Baltimore dessert shop said she considered the app a(n) 87 tool to reach new customers by selling what she called “little samples.” A beer company owner said he used the app to sell 88 products, but also sold new flavors there in hopes of attracting new customers.
Mr. Crummie, the Too Good To Go director, said the app 89 this type of behavior. “If somebody is paying $5, they should be receiving $15 worth of food,” he said. “So it’s not a(n) 90 platform.”
（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．alternatives B．assess C． courageous D．demonstrate E. dynamic F. generates G. inconsiderately H. potential I. regulators J. significant K. unreservedly
Trust in your scientific instincts and never stop moving forwardI’ve studied biology, biochemistry, math, and computer science, and received my Ph.D．from Cambridge University. In 2008, when I learned Philip Morris International (PMI) was building a new laboratory to 91 the products that would form part of a smoke-free future, I said, “I’m in.”
Seeing the positive results from the first studies looking at the differences between cigarette smoke and aerosol (气溶胶) from our smoke-free nicotine (尼古丁) products was stimulating. There were so many positive findings, and yet we were still in the building phase. What would happen next We had to tell ourselves to be 92 : Don’t worry, just look at the data.
Systems toxicology (系统毒理学) is an exciting and 93 field to work in. However, it 94 massive amounts of data, as it combines standard toxicology with new and diverse techniques to help give us a bigger and more detailed picture of how toxic substances affect the body. Working with such giant blocks of data is a challenge for all applications of systems toxicology, not just tobacco harm reduction. This is why we share our data and methods 95 . It is not only in our best interest to 96 openness to the world at large, but it’s also important to engage the global scientific community in order to always be moving the science forward.
The 97 public health impact of science-backed smoke-free products is considerable. And while these products are not risk-free and deliver nicotine—which is addictive—the breakthrough is 98 . And I feel an enormous sense of accomplishment with what we’ve achieved so far.
Of course, we still have important work to do. We will continue to provide information to 99 , scientists, public health organizations, and policymakers about the potential of smoke-free products. We will continue to share our science. And we will continue working to deliver smoke-free 100 for the world’s adult smokers who don’t quit tobacco and nicotine altogether. But this is a marathon, and we’re in this for the long term.
参考答案：
1．A 2．G 3．F 4．B 5．C 6．E 7．H 8．I 9．D 10．K
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们首次绘制了土卫六的整个表面，土卫六是土星周围最大的卫星。这张地图证实了现有的数据，表明土卫六有许多类似地球的特性，可能适合生命的存在。
1．考查名词。句意：这张地图证实了现有的数据，表明土卫六有许多类似地球的特性，可能能够支持生命的存在。分析句子可知，空前many为形容词，此处应为复数名词形式，同时在that引导的定语从句中作主语成分，qualities“特性”为复数名词，符合句意。故选A项。
2．考查形容词。句意：天文学家利用卡西尼号的图像和雷达测量数据绘制了土卫六的地质图。分析句子可，空后map为名词，空前the为定冠词，此处应为形容词形式作定语修饰该名词，geological“地质的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。
3．考查过去分词。句意：发表在《自然天文学》上的一篇报告描述了这种测绘操作。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意以及空前is可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，故空处应为过去分词形式，described“描述”为过去分词，符合句意。故选F项。
4．考查形容词。句意：Lopes告诉该出版物，地球和土卫六之间的许多相似之处使土星卫星成为继续探索的绝佳选择。分析句子可知，空后exploration为名词，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词，continued“持续的，继续的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。
5．考查名词。句意：土卫六是太阳系中除地球外唯一一颗已知表面有液体的行星。分析句子可知，空前have known为谓语动词，此处应为名词作宾语成分，bodies“主体部分”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
6．考查名词。句意：在低温下，甲烷会经历与地球上的雨类似的转变。分析句子可知，空前similar为形容词，此处应为名词形式，transformations“转变”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：大约17%被风塑造的沙丘覆盖，大部分在赤道附近。分析句子可，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰hills，hills和该非谓语动词为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，shaped“塑造”为过去分词，符合句意。故选H项。
8．考查形容词。句意：充满液态甲烷的海洋和湖泊覆盖了泰坦大约1.5%的面积。分析句子可知，空后1.5 percent of Titan为名词短语，空前为冠词a，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，estimated“预计的，估计的”为形容词，符合句意。故选I项。
9．考查形容词。句意：罗莎莉·洛佩斯说，土卫六大气中含有碳的有机物质对生物体的生长至关重要。分析句子可知，空前are为系动词，空后为介词for，此处为形容词作表语，essential“至关重要的”为形容词，be essential for，意为“对……至关重要”符合句意。故选D项。
10．考查过去分词。句意：有机物对土卫六上生命的可能性非常重要，我们中的许多人认为，土卫六上的生命可能是在冰壳下的液态水海洋中进化而来的。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合空前助动词have可知，此处为现在完成时，填入过去分词，evolved“进化”为过去分词，符合句意。故选K项。
11．I 12．F 13．D 14．A 15．G 16．H 17．E 18．K 19．B 20．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现女性的自我沉默不仅与抑郁和饮食失调等心理问题有关，还与身体疾病有关，为了重塑女性的美德，需要尊重自己的情感，优先考虑自己的需求，并积极沟通我们的界限。
11．考查副词。句意：他发现，这种习得性行为强有力地植根于性别规范，与抑郁风险的增加有关。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词rooted，结合句意可知，此处表示“强有力地”应为strongly符合语境。故选I项。
12．考查名词。句意：即使将年龄、血压和吸烟等因素考虑在内，结果也是如此。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，结合句意以及下文中的“such as age, blood pressure, and smoking”可知，此处表示“因素”应为factor且谓语动词为were taken，所以此处应是名词复数形式。故选F项。
13．考查动词。句意：当女性压抑自己的感受，把自己的需求放在一边时，她们的健康就会受到影响。分析句子结构可知，此处应与上文中的“push their feelings down”为并列谓语部分，结合句意可知，此处表示“抛弃”应为cast away，与push down为并列谓语，所以此处应使用一般现在时，句子主语为名词复数形式，所以此处使用动词原形。故选D项。
14．考查动词。句意：但在颂扬这些自我沉默行为的文化中，女性很难做出其他选择。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“赞扬”应为celebrate，结合上下文语境可知，此处应使用一般过去时，描述的是当前的客观事实，且与句子主语that指代的先行词cultures之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数，所以此处使用动词原形。故选A项。
15．考查形容词。句意：这些不言而喻的标准建立了一个恶性循环。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“未说出来的”符合语境。故选G项。
16．考查动词。句意：对许多女性来说，以牺牲自己的健康为代价来抑制自己的需求，比与主流文化逆流而行更容易——甚至更有益。结合句意可知，此处表示“逆流而上”应为swim against，分析句子结构可知，rather than连接两个不定式结构，所以此处应使用动词原形。故选H项。
17．考查副词。句意：医生兼作家Gabor Mate在他的畅销书《正常的神话》中写道，我们社会中许多最“正常的存在方式”实际上是非常有害的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰形容词toxic，结合句意可知，此处表示“非常地”应为Incredibly符合语境。故选E项。
18．考查动词。句意：“为了优先考虑他人的需求而‘不倾听自己’是女性扮演损害健康角色的一个重要来源，” Mate解释说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为定语从句中的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“承担”应为assume，根据全文语境，此处讲述的是当前的客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，且与句子主语women之间为主动关系，主语为名词复数，所以使用动词原形。故选K项。
19．考查动词。句意：这是医学上被忽视但极其有害的方式之一，我们的社会‘正常’给女性带来了巨大的健康成本。分析句子结构可知，此处应为but后的harmful为并列关系作定语修饰名词ways，结合句意可知，此处表示“忽视”应为overlook，overlook与所修饰词ways之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式overlooked意为“被忽视的”符合语境。故选B项。
20．考查形容词。句意：为了重塑女性的美德，需要出现一种新的“常态”——我们尊重自己的情感，优先考虑自己的需求，并积极沟通我们的界限。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词needs，结合句意以及上文中的“our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”可知，此处表示“正常的”应为normal。故选J项。
21．E 22．B 23．F 24．K 25．C 26．G 27．J 28．I 29．D 30．H
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍美国作家杰克·伦敦（Jack London）。
21．考查动词。句意：然而，仔细观察作者，他的生活和作品是多么的丰富多彩和有趣，这一点确实是可以看出来的。根据“upon a closer look at the author, the true depth of how varied and interesting his life and works were can really be”可知，这里需要动词note，意为“注意到”，此处用过去分词与前面的can be构成被动语态。故选E。
22．考查名词。句意：然而，这并不是一夜之间发生的：事实上，在他的第一篇报道以5美元的分期付款发表之前，伦敦收到了600份拒绝信。根据“this did not happen overnight”可知，这里需要复数名词rejections，意为“拒绝信”，作宾语。故选B。
23．考查名词。句意：在他的40年里，伦敦似乎经历了1000个人的生活。根据“have lived 1000 ”可知，这里需要名词lives，意为“生活”，作宾语。故选F。
24．考查名词。句意：18岁时，他已经当过煤矿工人，在密封船和罐头厂工作，还加入了一帮乞丐。根据“of beggars”可知，这里需要名词band，意为“帮派”，作宾语。故选K。
25．考查形容词。句意：17岁时，他因后者在纽约州布法罗市入狱30天，事实证明，即使是多产的作家自己也称这种经历难以形容。根据“At 17, he went to jail in Buffalo, NY for 30 days due to the latter,”可知，这里需要形容词indescribable，意为“难以置信的”，作补语。故选C。
26．考查动词。句意：然而，仅仅一个学期后，由于钱花光了，他就停了下来，继续和姐夫一起参加克朗代克淘金热。根据“the Klondike Gold Rush ”可知，这里需要动词hit，意为“加入……的行列、在……中碰运气”，结合carry on to do继续做另一件事情，此处用动词原形。故选G。
27．考查名词。句意：这将是后来他的一些最著名的作品的背景。根据“for some of his most famous works”可知，这里需要名词setting，意为“背景”，作表语。故选J。
28．考查动词。句意：回国后，他决心成为一名在商业上成功的作家，并开始每天写1000字。根据“to become a commercially successful writer and began to write 1000 words daily. ”可知，这里需要动词，意为“下定决心”，作谓语，且为一般过去时，故选I。
29．考查动词。句意：他写冒险、政治、人性、生存，经常从他的大量个人经历中汲取灵感。根据“from a large number of him personal experiences.”可知，这里需要动词draw，意为“吸收”，与逻辑主语He 是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故选D。
30．考查形容词。句意：目前还不知道这是否是故意的，因为他在整个作品中都提到了自杀。根据“as he made many references to suicide throughout his works.”可知，这里需要形容词intentional，意为“故意的”，作表语。故选H。
31．F 32．D 33．J 34．I 35．E 36．K 37．C 38．A 39．G 40．H
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了宝可梦贴纸在韩国人怀旧的童年中回归。
31．考查非谓语动词。句意：郑宝兰的新爱好是追逐大批量生产的糕点、送货车和童年记忆。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系，chase“追逐，追赶”为动词，应用动词的现在分词chasing的形式作补语。故选F。
32．考查名词。句意：他的目标是售价1.2美元的烘焙食品，这些食品带有随机的口袋妖怪贴纸，在韩国的商店货架上一抢而空。设空处在句中作主语，空前为形容词性的物主代词，设空处应为名词的形式，谓语动词为are，故设空出应用复数的形式，target“目标”，应用targets做句子的主语。故选D。
33．考查名词作定语。句意：他了解了整个社区晚上的进货时间，以便知道什么时候会有新鲜的货会出现。设空处后为名词，设空处作定语修饰名词times，restock time“补货时间”，故设空处应为restock“重新进货；再储存，备办新货”。故选J。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，这些好东西又回来了，正好赶上了这个国家更广泛的复古热潮，这是由怀念简单时光的成年人提供的。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the goodies之间是逻辑的被动关系，feed“喂养，为……提供食物”，应用动词的过去分词的形式作状语，其形式为fed。故选I。
35．考查名词。句意：为了实现《口袋妖怪》的宣传语“一定要抓住他们”，韩国人不遗余力，有些人甚至收集了展示小册子上的贴纸。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用名词的形式，固定短语go to great lengths to do sth“不遗余力地努力做某事”，设空处应用名词的复数的形式。length“长，长度；（持续）时间的长短；”其复数形式为lengths。故选E。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，其结构为“with+宾语+宾语”，设空处和其逻辑主语之间为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的的形式作补语，collect“收集”，其现在分词形式为collecting。故选K。
37．考查谓语动词。句意：《口袋妖怪》最初是任天堂游戏机上的一款日本游戏，有数百个怪物角色，现在已经扩展到全球流行的动画系列、玩具和电子游戏中，包括最近大热的智能手机游戏《口袋妖怪Go》。设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为Pokemon，feature为动词“以……为特色，以……为主要组成；”叙述客观事实应用一般现在时，结合主谓一致，故设空处应用动词的第三人称单数的形式features。故选C。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用动词的现在分词的形式作状语，include“包含”，其现在分词的形式为including。故选A。
39．考查谓语动词。句意：零售商在入口处张贴了“我们没有口袋妖怪面包”的标语，而一些店主则被指责将热门糕点与不受欢迎的商品捆绑在一起。设空处在while引导的句子中作谓语，和句子的主语some store owners之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式，accuse“指责”，其动词的过去分词的形式为accused。故选G。
40．考查谓语动词。句意：清单显示，一个完整的收藏需要700多美元。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子的主语为A full collection，结合主谓一致，设空处应用动词的第三人称单数的形式；command“控制，掌管”，其第三人称单数的形式为commands。故选H。
41．E 42．H 43．B 44．A 45．C 46．G 47．I 48．K 49．J 50．F
【导语】本文是新闻报道。本文报道了美国当局在2020年逮捕了柬埔寨官员和走私集团，涉嫌走私长尾猴。文章还讨论了美国灵长类动物研究中心的现状以及从国外获取实验室猴的困难。此外，文章还提到了中国禁止灵长类动物出口和某制药公司涉嫌从柬埔寨购买幼年长尾猕猴的案件。整篇文章展示了灵长类动物走私和实验室猴供应的问题。
41．考查副词。句意：违禁品：猴子，特别是长尾猕猴。分析句子结构可知，空处应是副词做状语，修饰后文long-tailed macaques，所以specifically意为“特别是”符合语境。故选E项。
42．考查名词。句意：据称，他的团伙在柬埔寨国家公园捕获野生猕猴，并贿赂官员，让他们给这些猕猴贴上圈养繁殖的标签。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，gang意为“团伙”符合语境。故选H项。
43．考查动词。句意：联邦政府资助了7个国家灵长类动物研究中心(nprc)，总共饲养了大约2万只灵长类动物，不仅有猕猴，还有狒狒和狨猴。分析句子结构可知，本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，house意为“安置”符合语境。故选B项。
44．考查动词。句意：然后这些中心将灵长类动物授予美国各地的实验室。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语把动词，所以空处应填动词，award意为“授予”符合语境。故选A项。
45．考查动词。句意：在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前，一只恒河猴的价格为8000美元；到2022年，这一价格已达到2.4万美元。分析句子结构可知，此处用过去完成时，空前已有had，所以空处应填动词过去分词形式，hit意为“到达”为过去分词形式，符合语境。故选C项。
46．考查形容词。句意：动物权利组织善待动物组织(PETA)的科学顾问丽莎·琼斯-恩格尔(Lisa Jones-Engel)说，另一种物种，长尾猕猴，可能是目前交易中每磅最昂贵的野生动物。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词，traded意为“被交易的”符合语境。故选G项。
47．考查动词。句意：中国政府希望禁止该国的野生动物贸易，因为人们认为野生动物贸易会鼓励像sars-cov-2这样的病原体从动物传播给人类。分析句子结构可知，空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，bar意为“禁止”符合语境。故选I项。
48．考查名词。句意：中国政府希望禁止该国的野生动物贸易，因为人们认为野生动物贸易会鼓励像sars-cov-2这样的病原体从动物传播给人类。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，transmission意为“传染”符合语境。故选K项。
49．考查形容词。句意：这迫使美国公司依赖不那么有原则的东南亚供应商。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以恐吓粗应填形容词作定语，principled意为“有原则的”符合语境。故选J项。
50．考查动词。句意：今年2月，美国司法部传唤了查尔斯河制药公司从柬埔寨购买的1000多只猕猴幼崽；司法部怀疑这些猕猴是在野外捕获的，然后出口。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，grabbed意为“抓住”和空前的be动词构成被动语态，表达“被抓”之意，符合语境。故选F项。
51．I 52．K 53．H 54．G 55．C 56．A 57．E 58．D 59．B 60．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了南极洲是地球上最高、最干燥、最寒冷的地方。它也是最偏远的，这就解释了它未受污染的环境。它被广泛地描述为地球上最后的荒野。寒冷的气候维持了南极大陆全年的冰原。尽管南极洲比赤道接收到更多的阳光，但由于冰盖将热量反射回太空，那里的温度较低。
51．考查动词短语。句意：它也是最偏远的，这就解释了它未受污染的环境。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中谓语动词的填入，结合空后介词for可知，该空应为动词短语accounts for“解释”，满足句意要求。故选I项。
52．考查名词。句意：它被广泛地描述为地球上最后的荒野。分析句子可知，空前为the last形容词，此处应为名词形式，wilderness“荒野”为名词，符合句意。故选K项。
53．考查固定短语。句意：寒冷的气候维持了南极大陆全年的冰原。分析句子可知，由空前is和空后for可知，此处为动词短语is responsible for“对……负责”，满足句意要求。故选H项。
54．考查动词。句意：尽管南极洲比赤道接收到更多的阳光，但由于冰盖将热量反射回太空，那里的温度较低。分析句子成分可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，reflects“反射”为动词，符合句意。故选G项。
55．考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，欧洲人一直怀疑南极大陆的存在，但直到1820年欧洲探险家“发现”南极洲之前，没有人确切地知道南极洲的存在。分析句子可知，空前为定冠词the，所以该空格处应为名词形式，existence“存在”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
56．考查名词。句意：从那时起，人们就去南极洲探险。分析句子可知，空前为短语in search of“为了寻找”，所以此处应为名词形式，adventure“冒险”为名词，符合句意。故选A项。
57．考查形容词。句意：曾经完全无法进入的南极洲，最近成为寻求刺激的冒险家、对实验感兴趣的科学家和希望利用这片荒野获利的公司的家园。分析句子可知，空前completely为副词，此处应为形容词形式被该副词所修饰，inaccessible“无法进入的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。
58．考查动词。句意：曾经完全无法进入的南极洲，最近成为寻求刺激的冒险家、对实验感兴趣的科学家和希望利用这片荒野获利的公司的家园。分析句子可知，空前为不定式to，所以此处应为动词原形，exploit“利用”为动词原形，符合句意。故选D项。
59．考查副词。句意：当人们来到冰下寻找资源或不小心留下垃圾时，就会对环境造成破坏。分析句子可知，空后leave …behind为动词短语，所以此处应为副词修饰该动词短语，carelessly“粗心地；不注意地”为副词，符合句意。故选B项。
60．考查形容词。句意：目前，各国正在努力确保对南极洲环境的破坏降到最低，并确保南极洲保持一个未受破坏的地方。分析句子可知，空前为is系动词，该空格处应为形容词形式作句子的表语成分，minimized“最小化的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。
61．E 62．H 63．A 64．B 65．I 66．D 67．C 68．F 69．G 70．J
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了中国电竞选手正在挑战韩国的主导地位，经过激烈交锋，最终来自中国赛区的战队战胜了来自韩国赛区的T1战队，这引发了人们的关注。
61．考查名词。句意：在为期三周的时间里，十几支球队一直在竞争，以在在线战略幻想游戏《英雄联盟》(LOL)上展示他们的技能。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“过程，进程”作宾语，course符合句意，故选E项。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在只剩下两个：代表主办方的中国的Royal Never Give Up和T1。分析句子可知，表示“代表”，representing符合句意，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词。故选H项。
63．考查副词。句意：截止到线上参加比赛的中国队取得胜利时，现场观众已经所剩无几。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“线上地”，virtually符合句意，作状语。故选A项。
64．考查名词。句意：这些游戏不仅有趣，而且是国家的骄傲。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“骄傲”，需要名词充当介词of的宾语，pride符合句意，故选B项。
65．考查动词。句意：人才储备不断扩大，韩国玩家开始主宰网络游戏锦标赛。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“掌控，控制”， dominate符合句意，to后接动词原形。故选I项。
66．考查副词。句意：在过去几年里，中国队在国际大赛中屡次击败韩国队。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“持续地，一直地”，consistently符合句意，故选D项。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：被巨额资金吸引而来的韩国高手向中国玩家传授了他们的成功经验，并建立了现实世界的游戏学院和系统，以发现和雇佣人才。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“被……吸引”，drawn符合句意，本句为过去分词。故选C项。
68．考查动词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“发现”，spot符合句意，动词不定式作目的状语。故选F项。
69．考查动词。句意：如今，韩国发现了迎头赶上的机会。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“发现，窥视”，spied符合句意，本句为现在完成时。故选G项。
70．考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，韩国去年废除了一项实施十年之久的条例，不再禁止16岁以下的青少年半夜玩网络游戏。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“禁止”，用作后置定语修饰名词law，law与ban在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。banning符合句意，故选J项。
71．B 72．K 73．J 74．F 75．D 76．C 77．E 78．G 79．A 80．H
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍系统中的一颗新系外行星。2014年，来自美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜的数据让天文学家宣布发现了三颗围绕开普勒-138运行的行星。这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。
71．考查形容词作定语。句意：这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。空后dip是名词，由形容词修饰，measurable是形容词，意为“显著的，可测量的”，符合句意。故选B。
72．考查名词。句意：来自新墨西哥大学的Benneke和他的同事Diana Dragomir提出了在2014年至2016年期间用哈勃和斯皮策太空望远镜重新观测行星系统的想法，以捕捉更多开普勒-138d(该系统中的第三颗行星)的凌日现象，以研究其大气。此处指“行星的系统”，名词system“系统”符合题意。故选K。
73．考查情感形容词。句意：虽然美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜早期的观测只显示了开普勒-138周围三颗小行星的凌日现象，但Piaulet和她的团队惊讶地发现，哈勃和斯皮策的观测表明，该系统中存在第四颗行星开普勒-138e。此处指团队“感到惊讶”，所以情感形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合题意。故选J。
74．考查形容词作定语。句意：这颗行星位于它的恒星的宜居带，这是一个温带地区，在这里，行星从它的冷恒星那里接收到适量的热量，既不太热也不太冷，不允许液态水的存在。空后zone是名词，由形容词修饰，habitable是形容词，意为“可居住的”，符合题意，在句中作定语。故选F。
75．考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：观测这颗系外行星的凌日可以让天文学家确定它的大小。固定搭配：allow sb. to do sth.其中动词不定式作宾语补足语；此处指“确定”大小，动词determine意为“决定”，符合题意。故选D。
76．考查副词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。空后known是过去分词，由副词修饰，此处指“以前”已知的，所以副词previously“从前”符合句意。故选C。
77．考查动名词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。介词of后面用动名词作宾语，此处指“跟踪”行星，所以，tracking“跟踪”符合题意。故选E。
78．考查副词。句意：他们发现两个水世界开普勒-138c和d是双行星，它们的大小和质量几乎相同，而之前人们认为它们有很大的不同。此处是副词修饰名词词组，副词virtually“几乎”符合题意。故选G。
79．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一方面，最近的行星开普勒-138b被证实是一颗火星质量的小行星，是迄今为止已知的最小的系外行星之一。该句是一般现在时的被动语态，此处指“被核实”，所以confirmed“核实”符合题意。故选A。
80．考查形容词作表语。句意：随着我们的仪器和技术变得足够灵敏，可以发现和研究离恒星更远的行星，我们可能会开始发现更多像开普勒- 138c和138d这样的水世界。此处指变得“灵敏”，所以形容词sensitive“灵敏的”符合题意。故选H。
81．C 82．K 83．H 84．G 85．B 86．F 87．J 88．D 89．E 90．I
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了有些手机应用程序可让顾客以低价程序买到要被浪费的食物。他们声称这么做可以避免食物浪费，保护环境。
81．考查名词。句意：这个概念很简单：餐馆和杂货店每天扔掉大量的食物。根据上文“Around the country, apps that connect customers to businesses with leftover food have begun to spread. (在全国各地，把顾客和有剩饭剩菜的商家联系起来的应用程序已经开始普及)”可知，那些app的宗旨是不浪费粮食，设空处应选名词concept，意为“概念，观念”，指代上句的leftover food的概念，作主语。符合语境。故选C项。
82．考查动词。句意：Too Good To Go和Flashfood等应用程序不会将其丢弃，而是帮助企业以低价出售。根据上句“The 1 is simple: Restaurants and grocery stores throw away huge amounts of food every day. (这个概念很简单：餐馆和杂货店每天扔掉大量的食物。)”可知，在没有app之前，餐馆杂货店会把大量食物扔到垃圾桶，设空处应用动词trash，意为“丢弃，去除”，作Rather than的宾语。故选K项。
83．考查动词。句意：在美国，12个城市的顾客可以在Too Good To Go上浏览餐馆和商店，然后预订通常价值4到6美元的“惊喜包”，里面的食物价格大约是这个价格的三倍。根据语境，设空处应用动词priced，意为“为……定价，标价”，为过去分词，与have been构成现在完成时的被动语态，作定语从句的谓语动词。故选H项。
84．考查名词。句意：一些食物浪费专家乐观地表示，这类应用程序有助于限制食物浪费。根据句中的“that these types of apps could help limit the amount of wasted food”可知，专家们对这类应用程序的作用意义很看好，设空处应选名词optimism，意为“乐观；乐观主义”，作expressed的宾语。故选G项。
85．考查动词。句意：尽管慈善组织经常将餐馆和杂货店不需要的食物转移到食品银行和社区厨房，但所有这些解决方案都有共存的空间。根据语境，设空处应用动词coexist，意为“同时存在，共存”，此处填其原形和to构成不定式结构，作space的定语。故选B项。
86．考查副词。句意：据对几家在Too Good to Go网站上销售的公司的采访，一个复杂的问题是，至少有几件商品并不一定是买家眼中的“食物垃圾”。此处考查短语not necessarily，意为“未必，不一定”。故选F项。
87．考查形容词。句意：巴尔的摩一家甜品店的老板说，她认为这款应用程序是通过销售她所谓的“小样品”来吸引新客户的促销工具。设空处应用形容词promotional，意为“促销的，推广的”，promotional tool意为“促销工具”，形容词修饰名词作定语。故选J项。
88．考查形容词。句意：一家啤酒公司的老板说，他使用该应用销售停产的产品，但也在那里销售新口味的产品，希望吸引新客户。此处考查短语discontinued products，意为“停产的商品”，设空处应用形容词discontinued，作前置定语。故选D项。
89．考查动词。句意：Too Good To Go的总监克拉米说，这款应用不鼓励这种行为。根据语境，设空处应选动词discouraged，意为“使打消念头，劝阻”，作宾语从句的谓语，为一般过去时。故选E项。
90．考查形容词短语。句意：所以这不是一个产生利润的平台。设空处在名词platform之前，应选形容词profit-generating，意为“营利的”，作定语。故选I项。
91．B 92．C 93．E 94．F 95．K 96．D 97．H 98．J 99．I 100．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者加入菲利普·莫里斯国际公司参与研究根无烟社会相关的产品的经历。
91．考查动词。句意：2008年，当我得知菲利普·莫里斯国际公司（PMI）正在建造一个新的实验室，以评估将成为无烟未来一部分的产品时，我说：“算我一个。”分析句意可知，使用动词assess“评估”与不定式标志to构成目的状语，符合语境。故选B项。
92．考查形容词。句意：我们必须告诉自己要勇敢：别担心，看看数据。分析句意可知，使用形容词courageous“勇敢的”作be动词的表语，符合语境。故选C项。
93．考查形容词。句意：系统毒理学是一个令人兴奋和充满活力的领域。分析句意可知，使用形容词dynamic“充满活力的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选E项。
94．考查动词。句意：然而，它产生了大量的数据，因为它将标准毒理学与新的多样化技术相结合，有助于我们更大、更详细地了解有毒物质如何影响身体。分析句意可知，使用动词generate“生产”做谓语动词，符合语境，因为主语是it，故使用第三人称单数。故选F项。
95．考查副词。句意：这就是为什么我们毫无保留地分享我们的数据和方法。分析句意可知，使用副词unreservedly“未保留地”作状语修饰动词share“分享”，符合语境。故选K项。
96．考查动词。句意：向全世界展示开放不仅符合我们的最大利益，而且让全球科学界参与进来也很重要，以便始终推动科学向前发展。分析句意可知，使用动词demonstrate“展示”与不定式标志to构成的短语作真正主语，符合语境。故选D项。
97．考查形容词。句意：科学支持的无烟产品对公众健康的潜在影响是巨大的。分析句意可知，使用形容词potential“潜在的”作定语修饰主语public health impact impact“公众健康影响”，符合语境。故选H项。
98．考查形容词。句意：虽然这些产品并非没有风险，而且会产生令人上瘾的尼古丁，但这一突破意义重大。分析句意可知，使用形容词significant“重大的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选J项。
99．考查名词。句意：我们将继续向监管机构、科学家、公共卫生组织和政策制定者提供有关无烟产品潜力的信息。分析句意可知，使用名词regulator“监管机构，监管者”作介词to的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选I项。
100．考查名词。句意：我们将继续努力为世界上不完全戒烟和尼古丁的成年吸烟者递送无烟替代品。分析句意可知，使用名词alternative“替代品”作动词deliver“递送”的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选A项。
第二期
专题03 短文选词填空10篇
（2023上·上海·高三上海市育才中学校考期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．qualities B．continued C． bodies D．essential E. transformations F. described G. geological H. shaped I. estimated J. cultivated K. evolved
For the first time, scientists have mapped the whole surface of Titan, the largest moon around Saturn. The map confirms existing data showing that Titan has many Earth-like 1 that might be able to support life.
The data was collected by Cassini, a spacecraft operated by the U.S. space agency NASA．The spacecraft studied Saturn and its moons from 2004 to 2017. Astronomers used images and radar measurements from Cassini to create the 2 map of Titan.
The map shows Titan as a mixture of flat plains, hills and mountains, windblown sand areas, valleys and lakes. The mapping operation is 3 in a report published in Nature Astronomy.
Rosaly Lopes led the project. She is a planetary scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. Lopes told the publication that the many similarities between Earth and Titan make the Saturn moon a great choice for 4 exploration.
“Titan has an atmosphere like Earth's. It has wind; it has rain; it has mountains,” Lopes said.
Titan is the only planet in our solar system besides Earth to have known 5 of liquid on its surface. But Titan's seas and lakes are filled with liquid methane (甲烷) rather than water.
At cold temperatures, methane goes through similar 6 as rain does on Earth. It falls to the surface across the planet to form rivers and lakes and can then evaporate (挥发) to form clouds again.
The map found that nearly two-thirds of Titan's surface is made up of flat plains, Nature reported. About 17 percent is covered in sandy hills 7 by the wind, mostly around the equator.
Unlike Earth, Titan's sand is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. Around 14 percent of the surface is considered hilly or mountainous. Seas and lakes filled with liquid methane cover a(n) 8 1.5 percent of Titan. The liquid exists mainly closer to the planet's poles, while the equatorial areas remain drier.
Rosaly Lopes says organic materials --- those containing carbon --- in Titan's atmosphere are 9 for the growth of living organisms. “Organics are very important for the possibility of lifeon Titan, which many of us think likely would have 10 in the liquid water ocean under Titan's icy crust (硬的表面),”she said.
（2023上·上海·高三上海交大附中校考期中）Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．celebrate B．overlooked C． circumstances D．cast E. incredibly F. factors G. unspoken H. swim I. strongly J. normal K. assume
Self-Silencing Is Making Women SickIn the late 1980s, Harvard-trained psychologist Dana Jack identified a recurring theme among female patients suffering from depression: a tendency to self-silence, defined as “the tendency to engage in uncontrollable caretaking, pleasing the other, and restriction of self-expression in relationships in an attempt to achieve intimacy and meet relational needs.” He found that this learned behavior, 11 rooted in gender norms, was linked to an increased risk of depression.
Since then, considerable evidence has revealed that female self-silencing isn’t just tied to psychological issues like depression and eating disorders, but also to physical illness. Most worryingly, it has also been linked to higher risk of premature death. This was true even when 12 such as age, blood pressure, and smoking were taken into account.
When women push their feelings down and 13 their needs aside, their health suffers. But it can be difficult for women to do otherwise in cultures that 14 these self-silencing practices. Moms are praised for being painstakingly selfless to the point of self-sacrifice. These 15 standards establish a vicious (恶性的) cycle. For many women, it feels easier—beneficial, even—to silence their needs at the expense of their own health, rather than 16 against the prevailing cultural current.
In his best-selling book, The Myth of Normal, physician and author Gabor Mate writes that many of our society’s most “normalized ways of being” are, in fact, 17 toxic. “That ‘not listening to self’ in order to prioritize others’ needs is a significant source of the health-impairing roles women 18 ,” Mate explains. “It is among the medically 19 but extremely harmful ways in which our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”
To reshape the virtues of womanhood, a new “ 20 ” needs to emerge—one in which we honor our emotions, prioritize our needs, and actively communicate our boundaries. Such a shift requires change on both the individual and societal level, and will by no means be easy. But it’s certainly worth it—after all, women’s lives depend on it.
（2023上·上海·高三上海中学校考期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．feature B．rejections C． indescribable D．drawing E. noted F. lives G. hit H. intentional I. resolved J. setting K. band
Jack London: A Fascinating CharacterWhen one mentions Jack London, the most common contemporary references that pop to mind are The Call of the Wild and White Fang. However, upon a closer look at the author, the true depth of how varied and interesting his life and works were can really be 21 .
London is considered America’s best author by many. Most successful and at ease writing short stories, he was also the first author to become genuinely wealthy during his lifetime from selling his work. However, this did not happen overnight: in fact, London received 600 22 before his first story was published for a spread out payment of $5.
During his 40 years, London seemed to have lived 1000 23 . By the age of 18, he had already worked as a coal miner, worked on sealing ships and can factories, and been in a(n) 24 of beggars. At 17, he went to jail in Buffalo, NY for 30 days due to the latter, an experience which proved to be one that even the productive writer himself called 25 .
When he did return to his formal education, he completed high school and then attended UC Berkley, which had been a major dream for him. However, he stopped after just one semester as he ran out of money and carried on to 26 the Klondike Gold Rush with his brother-in-law. That would later be the 27 for some of his most famous works. It was also in the Yukon that London became very ill and began writing. When he returned home, he 28 to become a commercially successful writer and began to write 1000 words daily. He wrote of adventure, politics, humanity, survival, often 29 from a large number of him personal experiences.
London died at the age of 40, from a drug overdose. It is not known whether it was 30 or not, as he made many references to suicide throughout his works.
（2023上·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考开学考试）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．including B．urgent C． features D．targets E. lengths F. chasing G. accused H. commands I. fed J. restock K. collecting
Pokemon Stickers Are Back for Koreans Nostalgic (怀旧的) for ChildhoodSmall pastries include a surprise sticker, and the goal is to find all 159 varieties — just like a trend more than 20 years ago.
Jeong Bo-ram’s new fascination has him 31 mass-produced pastries(糕点), delivery trucks and his childhood memories. His 32 are $1.20 bakery items sold with random Pokemon stickers that fly off store shelves in South Korea.
Just a few short of a full 159-sticker collection, 29-year-old Mr. Jeong has gone to more than 10 convenience stores and supermarkets a day, often leaving empty-handed. He has paid hundreds of dollars. He has learned the evening 33 times throughout his neighborhood to know when fresh drop-offs occur.
More than two decades ago, the Pokemon sticker-treat duo caught on with a generation of South Korean children, before the craze passed after a few years and the products were discontinued. Now the goodies are back just in time for the country’s broader retro boom, 34 by adults nostaglic for simpler times.
South Koreans are going to great 35 to live out the Pokemon tagline of “Gotta catch ’em all,” with some 36 the stickers in display booklets. Pokemon, originally a Japanese game for the Nintendo Game Boy that 37 hundreds of monster characters, has expanded into globally popular animated series, toys and video-games, 38 the recent hit Pokemon Go for smartphones.
Retailers have posted signs on their entrances that read, “We have no Pokemon bread,” while some store owners are 39 of bundling the in-demand pastries with unpopular items. Hunters camp outside supermarkets early in the morning. The rarest of stickers, such as that of the legendary characters Mew (梦幻) and Mewtwo (超梦), fetch $40 online. A full collection 40 more than $700, the listings show. Actual children also try to find the stickers, but adults are using their greater resources for the hunt.
Ko Hyo-jin shrieked when she ripped open a package of “Diglett Strawberry Custard Bread” recently and discovered inside a sticker of Mewtwo - a two-legged monster shown extending its paw. She immediately dialed up her husband. “It felt like winning the lottery,” said the 39-year-old homemaker in the Seoul Suburbs.
The nostalgic chase has been embraced by young adults facing Korea’s stagnant economy, soaring real-estate prices and a tight labor market.
（2023上·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．award B．house C．hit D．namely E．specifically F．grabbed G．traded H．gang I．bar J．principled K．transmission
American authorities arrested Masphal Kry, an official in Cambodia’s forestry administration, last November when he was heading to an international meeting about trade regulations for endangered species in Panama. Prosecutors accused him of conspiring with a smuggling ring. The contraband (违禁品): monkeys, 41 long-tailed macaques. His 42 allegedly grabbed wild macaques in Cambodia’s national parks and bribed officials to label them as captive-bred. Fake papers allowed Vanny Bio Research, a Cambodian pharma company, to ship these unfortunate primates (灵长类动物) to America for use in research. Mr Kry is facing trial in Florida’s Southern District Court. The federal government funds seven National Primate Research Centres (NPRCs), which 43 in total around 20,000 primates, not only macaques but also baboons and marmosets. These centres then 44 primates to labs across America. NPRCs have fulfilled only a third of requests for untested-on macaques in 2021 and prices have soared. Before the covid-19 pandemic a rhesus macaque cost $8,000; by 2022 they had 45 $24,000. Another species, long-tail macaques, is probably per pound currently the most expensive 46 wildlife, says Lisa Jones-Engel, a science adviser at PETA, an animal-rights group.
Getting lab monkeys from abroad became harder during the pandemic. Chinese authorities banned the export of all primates in early 2020. The Chinese government wanted to 47 the country’s wildlife trade, which is thought to encourage the 48 of pathogens—like sars-cov-2—from animals to humans.
That forced American companies to rely on less 49 South-East Asian suppliers. Many scientists believe poaching is prevalent across Cambodia. In February, the Department of Justice subpoenaed Charles River over 1,000 juvenile macaques the pharmaceutical company had bought from Cambodia; the DoJ suspected they were 50 in the wild then exported. These primates are now in Texas and Maryland but also in dilemma: they cannot be tested on, nor can they be flown back to Cambodia.
（2022上·上海嘉定·高三校考期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．adventure B．carelessly C． existence D．exploit E. inaccessible F. minimized G. reflects H. responsible I. accounts J. visible K. wilderness
Antarctica is the highest, driest and coldest place on Earth. It is also the remotest, a fact which 51 for its unspoiled environment. It is widely described as the last 52 on our planet. The cold climate is 53 for maintaining the continent’s year-round ice fields. Even though Antarctica receives more sunlight than the equator(赤道), the temperatures are lower because the ice sheet 54 the heat back into space.
For centuries, Europeans wondered about the 55 of a South-Polar continent, but no one actually knew for certain Antarctica was there until 1820 when European explorers “discovered” it. Since then, men have gone to Antarctica in search of 56 . Testing their abilities, several teams of explorers set out in 1911 to be the first men to stand at the South Pole.
Once completely 57 , Antarctica has more recently been playing host to adventurers seeking for excitement, scientists interested in experimenting, and companies looking to 58 this wild area for profit.
Yet, Antarctica’s fragile and complicated eco-system is threatened by its human visitors. Damage to the environment occurs as people come looking for resources beneath the ice, or 59 leave their garbage behind. Currently, countries are working to ensure that the damage to Antarctica’s environment is 60 , and that Antarctica will remain an unspoiled place.
（2023下·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考阶段练习）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．virtually B．pride C． drawn D．consistently
E. course F. spot G. spied H. representing
I. dominate J. banning K. host
China is challenging South Korea’s e-sports dominanceSome 4,000 fans gathered at the BEXCO Centre in Busan, a big port city in South Korea, on May 29th. Another 2.2m tuned in online. They were there for the finals of the Mid-Season Invitational, a prestigious(有声望的) e-sports tournament. A dozen teams had been competing over the 61 of three weeks to show off their skills at League of Legends (LOL), an online strategy-fantasy game. Now just two remained: Royal Never Give Up from China and T1, 62 the home side. As the battle raged, T1 soon sputtered(被打花了). The mood in the hall grew sad. Some fans left early. By the time the Chinese team, joining 63 at home, emerged victorious, few were left.
The enthusiasm, and bitter disappointment, reflect the place e-sports have in South Korean youth culture. The games are not just fun, but a source of national 64 . Since the 1990s players have honed(磨练) their skills in PC bangs (internet cafés), where children would go straight after school. Games such as StarCraft and LOL filled time and fired up competitive spirit like after-class basketball in America or football in Brazil. The pool of talent expanded, and South Korean players came to 65 online-gaming championships.
No longer. China is now on the rise. Chinese companies are at the heart of gaming globally. The country’s biggest tech firm, Tencent, owns Riot Games, which developed LOL, as well as 40% of Epic Games, which makes Fortnite. Interest in the pastime has grown, too. There are some 685m gamers in China, including those who play on their phones, compared with 33m in South Korea. Over the past few years China has 66 beaten South Korea in big championships.
South Korea contributed to its own downfall. “Skilled Korean players and coaches played a role in cultivating the e-sport scene in China,” says Choi Eun-Kyoung of Hanshin University, near Seoul. South Korean masters, 67 in by big money, taught Chinese players the lessons of their success and established real-world gaming academies and systems to 68 and hire talent.
South Korea has now 69 a chance to catch up. Last year, China limited under-18s to three hours of online gaming a week. Given that serious players start as young as 14 and practise some 70 hours a week, Chinese e-sports are likely to suffer. South Korea, meanwhile, last year canceled a decade-old law 70 under-16s from playing online games in the dead of night.
（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．confirmed B．measurable C．previously D．determine E. tracking F. habitable G.virtually H. sensitive I. protect J. surprised K.system
A New Exoplanet in the System
In 2014, data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138. This was based on a 71 dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star, a transit.
Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir, from the University of New Mexico, came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary 72 with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between 2014 and 2016 to catch more transits of Kepler-138d, the third planet in the system, in order to study its atmosphere.
While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138, Piaulet and her team were 73 to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system, Kepler-138e.
This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others, taking 38 days to complete an orbit.The planet is in the 74 zone of its star, a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water. Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to 75 its size.
With Kepler-138e, the masses of the 76 known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method, which consists of 77 small variations in the precise moments of the planets’ transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.
The researchers had another surprise: they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets, with 78 the same size and mass, while they were previously thought to be greatly different. The closer-in planet,Kepler-138b, on the other hand, is 79 to be a small Mars-mass planet, one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.
“As our instruments and techniques become 80 enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars, we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138 c and d,” Benneke concluded.
（2023·上海黄浦·统考二模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．automatically B．coexist C． concept D．discontinued E. discouraged F. necessarily G. optimism H. priced I. profit-generating J. promotional K. trash
Too Good To GoAround the country, apps that connect customers to businesses with leftover food have begun to spread. The 81 is simple: Restaurants and grocery stores throw away huge amounts of food every day. Rather than 82 it, apps like Too Good To Go and Flashfood help businesses sell it at a reduced price. They claim that the businesses and buyers are helping the environment because the food would otherwise become food waste, a big contributor to climate change.
In the United States, customers in 12 cities can look through restaurants and stores on Too Good To Go, then reserve “surprise bags” that typically cost about $4 to $6 and contain food that would have been 83 at roughly three times that amount.
Several food waste experts expressed 84 that these types of apps could help limit the amount of wasted food. And even though charitable organizations often redirect unwanted food from restaurants and grocery stores to food banks and community kitchens, there’s space for all of these kinds of solutions to 85 .
One complication is that, according to interviews with several companies selling on Too Good To Go, at least a few items for sale there aren’t 86 what buyers might think of as “food waste.” The owner of a Baltimore dessert shop said she considered the app a(n) 87 tool to reach new customers by selling what she called “little samples.” A beer company owner said he used the app to sell 88 products, but also sold new flavors there in hopes of attracting new customers.
Mr. Crummie, the Too Good To Go director, said the app 89 this type of behavior. “If somebody is paying $5, they should be receiving $15 worth of food,” he said. “So it’s not a(n) 90 platform.”
（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．alternatives B．assess C． courageous D．demonstrate E. dynamic F. generates G. inconsiderately H. potential I. regulators J. significant K. unreservedly
Trust in your scientific instincts and never stop moving forwardI’ve studied biology, biochemistry, math, and computer science, and received my Ph.D．from Cambridge University. In 2008, when I learned Philip Morris International (PMI) was building a new laboratory to 91 the products that would form part of a smoke-free future, I said, “I’m in.”
Seeing the positive results from the first studies looking at the differences between cigarette smoke and aerosol (气溶胶) from our smoke-free nicotine (尼古丁) products was stimulating. There were so many positive findings, and yet we were still in the building phase. What would happen next We had to tell ourselves to be 92 : Don’t worry, just look at the data.
Systems toxicology (系统毒理学) is an exciting and 93 field to work in. However, it 94 massive amounts of data, as it combines standard toxicology with new and diverse techniques to help give us a bigger and more detailed picture of how toxic substances affect the body. Working with such giant blocks of data is a challenge for all applications of systems toxicology, not just tobacco harm reduction. This is why we share our data and methods 95 . It is not only in our best interest to 96 openness to the world at large, but it’s also important to engage the global scientific community in order to always be moving the science forward.
The 97 public health impact of science-backed smoke-free products is considerable. And while these products are not risk-free and deliver nicotine—which is addictive—the breakthrough is 98 . And I feel an enormous sense of accomplishment with what we’ve achieved so far.
Of course, we still have important work to do. We will continue to provide information to 99 , scientists, public health organizations, and policymakers about the potential of smoke-free products. We will continue to share our science. And we will continue working to deliver smoke-free 100 for the world’s adult smokers who don’t quit tobacco and nicotine altogether. But this is a marathon, and we’re in this for the long term.
参考答案：
1．A 2．G 3．F 4．B 5．C 6．E 7．H 8．I 9．D 10．K
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们首次绘制了土卫六的整个表面，土卫六是土星周围最大的卫星。这张地图证实了现有的数据，表明土卫六有许多类似地球的特性，可能适合生命的存在。
1．考查名词。句意：这张地图证实了现有的数据，表明土卫六有许多类似地球的特性，可能能够支持生命的存在。分析句子可知，空前many为形容词，此处应为复数名词形式，同时在that引导的定语从句中作主语成分，qualities“特性”为复数名词，符合句意。故选A项。
2．考查形容词。句意：天文学家利用卡西尼号的图像和雷达测量数据绘制了土卫六的地质图。分析句子可，空后map为名词，空前the为定冠词，此处应为形容词形式作定语修饰该名词，geological“地质的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。
3．考查过去分词。句意：发表在《自然天文学》上的一篇报告描述了这种测绘操作。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意以及空前is可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，故空处应为过去分词形式，described“描述”为过去分词，符合句意。故选F项。
4．考查形容词。句意：Lopes告诉该出版物，地球和土卫六之间的许多相似之处使土星卫星成为继续探索的绝佳选择。分析句子可知，空后exploration为名词，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词，continued“持续的，继续的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。
5．考查名词。句意：土卫六是太阳系中除地球外唯一一颗已知表面有液体的行星。分析句子可知，空前have known为谓语动词，此处应为名词作宾语成分，bodies“主体部分”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
6．考查名词。句意：在低温下，甲烷会经历与地球上的雨类似的转变。分析句子可知，空前similar为形容词，此处应为名词形式，transformations“转变”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：大约17%被风塑造的沙丘覆盖，大部分在赤道附近。分析句子可，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰hills，hills和该非谓语动词为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，shaped“塑造”为过去分词，符合句意。故选H项。
8．考查形容词。句意：充满液态甲烷的海洋和湖泊覆盖了泰坦大约1.5%的面积。分析句子可知，空后1.5 percent of Titan为名词短语，空前为冠词a，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，estimated“预计的，估计的”为形容词，符合句意。故选I项。
9．考查形容词。句意：罗莎莉·洛佩斯说，土卫六大气中含有碳的有机物质对生物体的生长至关重要。分析句子可知，空前are为系动词，空后为介词for，此处为形容词作表语，essential“至关重要的”为形容词，be essential for，意为“对……至关重要”符合句意。故选D项。
10．考查过去分词。句意：有机物对土卫六上生命的可能性非常重要，我们中的许多人认为，土卫六上的生命可能是在冰壳下的液态水海洋中进化而来的。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合空前助动词have可知，此处为现在完成时，填入过去分词，evolved“进化”为过去分词，符合句意。故选K项。
11．I 12．F 13．D 14．A 15．G 16．H 17．E 18．K 19．B 20．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现女性的自我沉默不仅与抑郁和饮食失调等心理问题有关，还与身体疾病有关，为了重塑女性的美德，需要尊重自己的情感，优先考虑自己的需求，并积极沟通我们的界限。
11．考查副词。句意：他发现，这种习得性行为强有力地植根于性别规范，与抑郁风险的增加有关。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词rooted，结合句意可知，此处表示“强有力地”应为strongly符合语境。故选I项。
12．考查名词。句意：即使将年龄、血压和吸烟等因素考虑在内，结果也是如此。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，结合句意以及下文中的“such as age, blood pressure, and smoking”可知，此处表示“因素”应为factor且谓语动词为were taken，所以此处应是名词复数形式。故选F项。
13．考查动词。句意：当女性压抑自己的感受，把自己的需求放在一边时，她们的健康就会受到影响。分析句子结构可知，此处应与上文中的“push their feelings down”为并列谓语部分，结合句意可知，此处表示“抛弃”应为cast away，与push down为并列谓语，所以此处应使用一般现在时，句子主语为名词复数形式，所以此处使用动词原形。故选D项。
14．考查动词。句意：但在颂扬这些自我沉默行为的文化中，女性很难做出其他选择。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“赞扬”应为celebrate，结合上下文语境可知，此处应使用一般过去时，描述的是当前的客观事实，且与句子主语that指代的先行词cultures之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数，所以此处使用动词原形。故选A项。
15．考查形容词。句意：这些不言而喻的标准建立了一个恶性循环。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“未说出来的”符合语境。故选G项。
16．考查动词。句意：对许多女性来说，以牺牲自己的健康为代价来抑制自己的需求，比与主流文化逆流而行更容易——甚至更有益。结合句意可知，此处表示“逆流而上”应为swim against，分析句子结构可知，rather than连接两个不定式结构，所以此处应使用动词原形。故选H项。
17．考查副词。句意：医生兼作家Gabor Mate在他的畅销书《正常的神话》中写道，我们社会中许多最“正常的存在方式”实际上是非常有害的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰形容词toxic，结合句意可知，此处表示“非常地”应为Incredibly符合语境。故选E项。
18．考查动词。句意：“为了优先考虑他人的需求而‘不倾听自己’是女性扮演损害健康角色的一个重要来源，” Mate解释说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为定语从句中的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“承担”应为assume，根据全文语境，此处讲述的是当前的客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，且与句子主语women之间为主动关系，主语为名词复数，所以使用动词原形。故选K项。
19．考查动词。句意：这是医学上被忽视但极其有害的方式之一，我们的社会‘正常’给女性带来了巨大的健康成本。分析句子结构可知，此处应为but后的harmful为并列关系作定语修饰名词ways，结合句意可知，此处表示“忽视”应为overlook，overlook与所修饰词ways之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式overlooked意为“被忽视的”符合语境。故选B项。
20．考查形容词。句意：为了重塑女性的美德，需要出现一种新的“常态”——我们尊重自己的情感，优先考虑自己的需求，并积极沟通我们的界限。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词needs，结合句意以及上文中的“our society’s ‘normal’ imposes a major health cost on women.”可知，此处表示“正常的”应为normal。故选J项。
21．E 22．B 23．F 24．K 25．C 26．G 27．J 28．I 29．D 30．H
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍美国作家杰克·伦敦（Jack London）。
21．考查动词。句意：然而，仔细观察作者，他的生活和作品是多么的丰富多彩和有趣，这一点确实是可以看出来的。根据“upon a closer look at the author, the true depth of how varied and interesting his life and works were can really be”可知，这里需要动词note，意为“注意到”，此处用过去分词与前面的can be构成被动语态。故选E。
22．考查名词。句意：然而，这并不是一夜之间发生的：事实上，在他的第一篇报道以5美元的分期付款发表之前，伦敦收到了600份拒绝信。根据“this did not happen overnight”可知，这里需要复数名词rejections，意为“拒绝信”，作宾语。故选B。
23．考查名词。句意：在他的40年里，伦敦似乎经历了1000个人的生活。根据“have lived 1000 ”可知，这里需要名词lives，意为“生活”，作宾语。故选F。
24．考查名词。句意：18岁时，他已经当过煤矿工人，在密封船和罐头厂工作，还加入了一帮乞丐。根据“of beggars”可知，这里需要名词band，意为“帮派”，作宾语。故选K。
25．考查形容词。句意：17岁时，他因后者在纽约州布法罗市入狱30天，事实证明，即使是多产的作家自己也称这种经历难以形容。根据“At 17, he went to jail in Buffalo, NY for 30 days due to the latter,”可知，这里需要形容词indescribable，意为“难以置信的”，作补语。故选C。
26．考查动词。句意：然而，仅仅一个学期后，由于钱花光了，他就停了下来，继续和姐夫一起参加克朗代克淘金热。根据“the Klondike Gold Rush ”可知，这里需要动词hit，意为“加入……的行列、在……中碰运气”，结合carry on to do继续做另一件事情，此处用动词原形。故选G。
27．考查名词。句意：这将是后来他的一些最著名的作品的背景。根据“for some of his most famous works”可知，这里需要名词setting，意为“背景”，作表语。故选J。
28．考查动词。句意：回国后，他决心成为一名在商业上成功的作家，并开始每天写1000字。根据“to become a commercially successful writer and began to write 1000 words daily. ”可知，这里需要动词，意为“下定决心”，作谓语，且为一般过去时，故选I。
29．考查动词。句意：他写冒险、政治、人性、生存，经常从他的大量个人经历中汲取灵感。根据“from a large number of him personal experiences.”可知，这里需要动词draw，意为“吸收”，与逻辑主语He 是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故选D。
30．考查形容词。句意：目前还不知道这是否是故意的，因为他在整个作品中都提到了自杀。根据“as he made many references to suicide throughout his works.”可知，这里需要形容词intentional，意为“故意的”，作表语。故选H。
31．F 32．D 33．J 34．I 35．E 36．K 37．C 38．A 39．G 40．H
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了宝可梦贴纸在韩国人怀旧的童年中回归。
31．考查非谓语动词。句意：郑宝兰的新爱好是追逐大批量生产的糕点、送货车和童年记忆。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系，chase“追逐，追赶”为动词，应用动词的现在分词chasing的形式作补语。故选F。
32．考查名词。句意：他的目标是售价1.2美元的烘焙食品，这些食品带有随机的口袋妖怪贴纸，在韩国的商店货架上一抢而空。设空处在句中作主语，空前为形容词性的物主代词，设空处应为名词的形式，谓语动词为are，故设空出应用复数的形式，target“目标”，应用targets做句子的主语。故选D。
33．考查名词作定语。句意：他了解了整个社区晚上的进货时间，以便知道什么时候会有新鲜的货会出现。设空处后为名词，设空处作定语修饰名词times，restock time“补货时间”，故设空处应为restock“重新进货；再储存，备办新货”。故选J。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，这些好东西又回来了，正好赶上了这个国家更广泛的复古热潮，这是由怀念简单时光的成年人提供的。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the goodies之间是逻辑的被动关系，feed“喂养，为……提供食物”，应用动词的过去分词的形式作状语，其形式为fed。故选I。
35．考查名词。句意：为了实现《口袋妖怪》的宣传语“一定要抓住他们”，韩国人不遗余力，有些人甚至收集了展示小册子上的贴纸。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用名词的形式，固定短语go to great lengths to do sth“不遗余力地努力做某事”，设空处应用名词的复数的形式。length“长，长度；（持续）时间的长短；”其复数形式为lengths。故选E。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，其结构为“with+宾语+宾语”，设空处和其逻辑主语之间为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的的形式作补语，collect“收集”，其现在分词形式为collecting。故选K。
37．考查谓语动词。句意：《口袋妖怪》最初是任天堂游戏机上的一款日本游戏，有数百个怪物角色，现在已经扩展到全球流行的动画系列、玩具和电子游戏中，包括最近大热的智能手机游戏《口袋妖怪Go》。设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为Pokemon，feature为动词“以……为特色，以……为主要组成；”叙述客观事实应用一般现在时，结合主谓一致，故设空处应用动词的第三人称单数的形式features。故选C。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用动词的现在分词的形式作状语，include“包含”，其现在分词的形式为including。故选A。
39．考查谓语动词。句意：零售商在入口处张贴了“我们没有口袋妖怪面包”的标语，而一些店主则被指责将热门糕点与不受欢迎的商品捆绑在一起。设空处在while引导的句子中作谓语，和句子的主语some store owners之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式，accuse“指责”，其动词的过去分词的形式为accused。故选G。
40．考查谓语动词。句意：清单显示，一个完整的收藏需要700多美元。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子的主语为A full collection，结合主谓一致，设空处应用动词的第三人称单数的形式；command“控制，掌管”，其第三人称单数的形式为commands。故选H。
41．E 42．H 43．B 44．A 45．C 46．G 47．I 48．K 49．J 50．F
【导语】本文是新闻报道。本文报道了美国当局在2020年逮捕了柬埔寨官员和走私集团，涉嫌走私长尾猴。文章还讨论了美国灵长类动物研究中心的现状以及从国外获取实验室猴的困难。此外，文章还提到了中国禁止灵长类动物出口和某制药公司涉嫌从柬埔寨购买幼年长尾猕猴的案件。整篇文章展示了灵长类动物走私和实验室猴供应的问题。
41．考查副词。句意：违禁品：猴子，特别是长尾猕猴。分析句子结构可知，空处应是副词做状语，修饰后文long-tailed macaques，所以specifically意为“特别是”符合语境。故选E项。
42．考查名词。句意：据称，他的团伙在柬埔寨国家公园捕获野生猕猴，并贿赂官员，让他们给这些猕猴贴上圈养繁殖的标签。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，gang意为“团伙”符合语境。故选H项。
43．考查动词。句意：联邦政府资助了7个国家灵长类动物研究中心(nprc)，总共饲养了大约2万只灵长类动物，不仅有猕猴，还有狒狒和狨猴。分析句子结构可知，本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，house意为“安置”符合语境。故选B项。
44．考查动词。句意：然后这些中心将灵长类动物授予美国各地的实验室。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语把动词，所以空处应填动词，award意为“授予”符合语境。故选A项。
45．考查动词。句意：在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前，一只恒河猴的价格为8000美元；到2022年，这一价格已达到2.4万美元。分析句子结构可知，此处用过去完成时，空前已有had，所以空处应填动词过去分词形式，hit意为“到达”为过去分词形式，符合语境。故选C项。
46．考查形容词。句意：动物权利组织善待动物组织(PETA)的科学顾问丽莎·琼斯-恩格尔(Lisa Jones-Engel)说，另一种物种，长尾猕猴，可能是目前交易中每磅最昂贵的野生动物。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词，traded意为“被交易的”符合语境。故选G项。
47．考查动词。句意：中国政府希望禁止该国的野生动物贸易，因为人们认为野生动物贸易会鼓励像sars-cov-2这样的病原体从动物传播给人类。分析句子结构可知，空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，bar意为“禁止”符合语境。故选I项。
48．考查名词。句意：中国政府希望禁止该国的野生动物贸易，因为人们认为野生动物贸易会鼓励像sars-cov-2这样的病原体从动物传播给人类。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，transmission意为“传染”符合语境。故选K项。
49．考查形容词。句意：这迫使美国公司依赖不那么有原则的东南亚供应商。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以恐吓粗应填形容词作定语，principled意为“有原则的”符合语境。故选J项。
50．考查动词。句意：今年2月，美国司法部传唤了查尔斯河制药公司从柬埔寨购买的1000多只猕猴幼崽；司法部怀疑这些猕猴是在野外捕获的，然后出口。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，grabbed意为“抓住”和空前的be动词构成被动语态，表达“被抓”之意，符合语境。故选F项。
51．I 52．K 53．H 54．G 55．C 56．A 57．E 58．D 59．B 60．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了南极洲是地球上最高、最干燥、最寒冷的地方。它也是最偏远的，这就解释了它未受污染的环境。它被广泛地描述为地球上最后的荒野。寒冷的气候维持了南极大陆全年的冰原。尽管南极洲比赤道接收到更多的阳光，但由于冰盖将热量反射回太空，那里的温度较低。
51．考查动词短语。句意：它也是最偏远的，这就解释了它未受污染的环境。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中谓语动词的填入，结合空后介词for可知，该空应为动词短语accounts for“解释”，满足句意要求。故选I项。
52．考查名词。句意：它被广泛地描述为地球上最后的荒野。分析句子可知，空前为the last形容词，此处应为名词形式，wilderness“荒野”为名词，符合句意。故选K项。
53．考查固定短语。句意：寒冷的气候维持了南极大陆全年的冰原。分析句子可知，由空前is和空后for可知，此处为动词短语is responsible for“对……负责”，满足句意要求。故选H项。
54．考查动词。句意：尽管南极洲比赤道接收到更多的阳光，但由于冰盖将热量反射回太空，那里的温度较低。分析句子成分可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，reflects“反射”为动词，符合句意。故选G项。
55．考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，欧洲人一直怀疑南极大陆的存在，但直到1820年欧洲探险家“发现”南极洲之前，没有人确切地知道南极洲的存在。分析句子可知，空前为定冠词the，所以该空格处应为名词形式，existence“存在”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
56．考查名词。句意：从那时起，人们就去南极洲探险。分析句子可知，空前为短语in search of“为了寻找”，所以此处应为名词形式，adventure“冒险”为名词，符合句意。故选A项。
57．考查形容词。句意：曾经完全无法进入的南极洲，最近成为寻求刺激的冒险家、对实验感兴趣的科学家和希望利用这片荒野获利的公司的家园。分析句子可知，空前completely为副词，此处应为形容词形式被该副词所修饰，inaccessible“无法进入的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。
58．考查动词。句意：曾经完全无法进入的南极洲，最近成为寻求刺激的冒险家、对实验感兴趣的科学家和希望利用这片荒野获利的公司的家园。分析句子可知，空前为不定式to，所以此处应为动词原形，exploit“利用”为动词原形，符合句意。故选D项。
59．考查副词。句意：当人们来到冰下寻找资源或不小心留下垃圾时，就会对环境造成破坏。分析句子可知，空后leave …behind为动词短语，所以此处应为副词修饰该动词短语，carelessly“粗心地；不注意地”为副词，符合句意。故选B项。
60．考查形容词。句意：目前，各国正在努力确保对南极洲环境的破坏降到最低，并确保南极洲保持一个未受破坏的地方。分析句子可知，空前为is系动词，该空格处应为形容词形式作句子的表语成分，minimized“最小化的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。
61．E 62．H 63．A 64．B 65．I 66．D 67．C 68．F 69．G 70．J
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了中国电竞选手正在挑战韩国的主导地位，经过激烈交锋，最终来自中国赛区的战队战胜了来自韩国赛区的T1战队，这引发了人们的关注。
61．考查名词。句意：在为期三周的时间里，十几支球队一直在竞争，以在在线战略幻想游戏《英雄联盟》(LOL)上展示他们的技能。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“过程，进程”作宾语，course符合句意，故选E项。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在只剩下两个：代表主办方的中国的Royal Never Give Up和T1。分析句子可知，表示“代表”，representing符合句意，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词。故选H项。
63．考查副词。句意：截止到线上参加比赛的中国队取得胜利时，现场观众已经所剩无几。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“线上地”，virtually符合句意，作状语。故选A项。
64．考查名词。句意：这些游戏不仅有趣，而且是国家的骄傲。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“骄傲”，需要名词充当介词of的宾语，pride符合句意，故选B项。
65．考查动词。句意：人才储备不断扩大，韩国玩家开始主宰网络游戏锦标赛。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“掌控，控制”， dominate符合句意，to后接动词原形。故选I项。
66．考查副词。句意：在过去几年里，中国队在国际大赛中屡次击败韩国队。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“持续地，一直地”，consistently符合句意，故选D项。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：被巨额资金吸引而来的韩国高手向中国玩家传授了他们的成功经验，并建立了现实世界的游戏学院和系统，以发现和雇佣人才。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“被……吸引”，drawn符合句意，本句为过去分词。故选C项。
68．考查动词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“发现”，spot符合句意，动词不定式作目的状语。故选F项。
69．考查动词。句意：如今，韩国发现了迎头赶上的机会。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“发现，窥视”，spied符合句意，本句为现在完成时。故选G项。
70．考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，韩国去年废除了一项实施十年之久的条例，不再禁止16岁以下的青少年半夜玩网络游戏。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“禁止”，用作后置定语修饰名词law，law与ban在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。banning符合句意，故选J项。
71．B 72．K 73．J 74．F 75．D 76．C 77．E 78．G 79．A 80．H
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍系统中的一颗新系外行星。2014年，来自美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜的数据让天文学家宣布发现了三颗围绕开普勒-138运行的行星。这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。
71．考查形容词作定语。句意：这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。空后dip是名词，由形容词修饰，measurable是形容词，意为“显著的，可测量的”，符合句意。故选B。
72．考查名词。句意：来自新墨西哥大学的Benneke和他的同事Diana Dragomir提出了在2014年至2016年期间用哈勃和斯皮策太空望远镜重新观测行星系统的想法，以捕捉更多开普勒-138d(该系统中的第三颗行星)的凌日现象，以研究其大气。此处指“行星的系统”，名词system“系统”符合题意。故选K。
73．考查情感形容词。句意：虽然美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜早期的观测只显示了开普勒-138周围三颗小行星的凌日现象，但Piaulet和她的团队惊讶地发现，哈勃和斯皮策的观测表明，该系统中存在第四颗行星开普勒-138e。此处指团队“感到惊讶”，所以情感形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合题意。故选J。
74．考查形容词作定语。句意：这颗行星位于它的恒星的宜居带，这是一个温带地区，在这里，行星从它的冷恒星那里接收到适量的热量，既不太热也不太冷，不允许液态水的存在。空后zone是名词，由形容词修饰，habitable是形容词，意为“可居住的”，符合题意，在句中作定语。故选F。
75．考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：观测这颗系外行星的凌日可以让天文学家确定它的大小。固定搭配：allow sb. to do sth.其中动词不定式作宾语补足语；此处指“确定”大小，动词determine意为“决定”，符合题意。故选D。
76．考查副词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。空后known是过去分词，由副词修饰，此处指“以前”已知的，所以副词previously“从前”符合句意。故选C。
77．考查动名词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。介词of后面用动名词作宾语，此处指“跟踪”行星，所以，tracking“跟踪”符合题意。故选E。
78．考查副词。句意：他们发现两个水世界开普勒-138c和d是双行星，它们的大小和质量几乎相同，而之前人们认为它们有很大的不同。此处是副词修饰名词词组，副词virtually“几乎”符合题意。故选G。
79．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一方面，最近的行星开普勒-138b被证实是一颗火星质量的小行星，是迄今为止已知的最小的系外行星之一。该句是一般现在时的被动语态，此处指“被核实”，所以confirmed“核实”符合题意。故选A。
80．考查形容词作表语。句意：随着我们的仪器和技术变得足够灵敏，可以发现和研究离恒星更远的行星，我们可能会开始发现更多像开普勒- 138c和138d这样的水世界。此处指变得“灵敏”，所以形容词sensitive“灵敏的”符合题意。故选H。
81．C 82．K 83．H 84．G 85．B 86．F 87．J 88．D 89．E 90．I
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了有些手机应用程序可让顾客以低价程序买到要被浪费的食物。他们声称这么做可以避免食物浪费，保护环境。
81．考查名词。句意：这个概念很简单：餐馆和杂货店每天扔掉大量的食物。根据上文“Around the country, apps that connect customers to businesses with leftover food have begun to spread. (在全国各地，把顾客和有剩饭剩菜的商家联系起来的应用程序已经开始普及)”可知，那些app的宗旨是不浪费粮食，设空处应选名词concept，意为“概念，观念”，指代上句的leftover food的概念，作主语。符合语境。故选C项。
82．考查动词。句意：Too Good To Go和Flashfood等应用程序不会将其丢弃，而是帮助企业以低价出售。根据上句“The 1 is simple: Restaurants and grocery stores throw away huge amounts of food every day. (这个概念很简单：餐馆和杂货店每天扔掉大量的食物。)”可知，在没有app之前，餐馆杂货店会把大量食物扔到垃圾桶，设空处应用动词trash，意为“丢弃，去除”，作Rather than的宾语。故选K项。
83．考查动词。句意：在美国，12个城市的顾客可以在Too Good To Go上浏览餐馆和商店，然后预订通常价值4到6美元的“惊喜包”，里面的食物价格大约是这个价格的三倍。根据语境，设空处应用动词priced，意为“为……定价，标价”，为过去分词，与have been构成现在完成时的被动语态，作定语从句的谓语动词。故选H项。
84．考查名词。句意：一些食物浪费专家乐观地表示，这类应用程序有助于限制食物浪费。根据句中的“that these types of apps could help limit the amount of wasted food”可知，专家们对这类应用程序的作用意义很看好，设空处应选名词optimism，意为“乐观；乐观主义”，作expressed的宾语。故选G项。
85．考查动词。句意：尽管慈善组织经常将餐馆和杂货店不需要的食物转移到食品银行和社区厨房，但所有这些解决方案都有共存的空间。根据语境，设空处应用动词coexist，意为“同时存在，共存”，此处填其原形和to构成不定式结构，作space的定语。故选B项。
86．考查副词。句意：据对几家在Too Good to Go网站上销售的公司的采访，一个复杂的问题是，至少有几件商品并不一定是买家眼中的“食物垃圾”。此处考查短语not necessarily，意为“未必，不一定”。故选F项。
87．考查形容词。句意：巴尔的摩一家甜品店的老板说，她认为这款应用程序是通过销售她所谓的“小样品”来吸引新客户的促销工具。设空处应用形容词promotional，意为“促销的，推广的”，promotional tool意为“促销工具”，形容词修饰名词作定语。故选J项。
88．考查形容词。句意：一家啤酒公司的老板说，他使用该应用销售停产的产品，但也在那里销售新口味的产品，希望吸引新客户。此处考查短语discontinued products，意为“停产的商品”，设空处应用形容词discontinued，作前置定语。故选D项。
89．考查动词。句意：Too Good To Go的总监克拉米说，这款应用不鼓励这种行为。根据语境，设空处应选动词discouraged，意为“使打消念头，劝阻”，作宾语从句的谓语，为一般过去时。故选E项。
90．考查形容词短语。句意：所以这不是一个产生利润的平台。设空处在名词platform之前，应选形容词profit-generating，意为“营利的”，作定语。故选I项。
91．B 92．C 93．E 94．F 95．K 96．D 97．H 98．J 99．I 100．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者加入菲利普·莫里斯国际公司参与研究根无烟社会相关的产品的经历。
91．考查动词。句意：2008年，当我得知菲利普·莫里斯国际公司（PMI）正在建造一个新的实验室，以评估将成为无烟未来一部分的产品时，我说：“算我一个。”分析句意可知，使用动词assess“评估”与不定式标志to构成目的状语，符合语境。故选B项。
92．考查形容词。句意：我们必须告诉自己要勇敢：别担心，看看数据。分析句意可知，使用形容词courageous“勇敢的”作be动词的表语，符合语境。故选C项。
93．考查形容词。句意：系统毒理学是一个令人兴奋和充满活力的领域。分析句意可知，使用形容词dynamic“充满活力的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选E项。
94．考查动词。句意：然而，它产生了大量的数据，因为它将标准毒理学与新的多样化技术相结合，有助于我们更大、更详细地了解有毒物质如何影响身体。分析句意可知，使用动词generate“生产”做谓语动词，符合语境，因为主语是it，故使用第三人称单数。故选F项。
95．考查副词。句意：这就是为什么我们毫无保留地分享我们的数据和方法。分析句意可知，使用副词unreservedly“未保留地”作状语修饰动词share“分享”，符合语境。故选K项。
96．考查动词。句意：向全世界展示开放不仅符合我们的最大利益，而且让全球科学界参与进来也很重要，以便始终推动科学向前发展。分析句意可知，使用动词demonstrate“展示”与不定式标志to构成的短语作真正主语，符合语境。故选D项。
97．考查形容词。句意：科学支持的无烟产品对公众健康的潜在影响是巨大的。分析句意可知，使用形容词potential“潜在的”作定语修饰主语public health impact impact“公众健康影响”，符合语境。故选H项。
98．考查形容词。句意：虽然这些产品并非没有风险，而且会产生令人上瘾的尼古丁，但这一突破意义重大。分析句意可知，使用形容词significant“重大的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选J项。
99．考查名词。句意：我们将继续向监管机构、科学家、公共卫生组织和政策制定者提供有关无烟产品潜力的信息。分析句意可知，使用名词regulator“监管机构，监管者”作介词to的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选I项。
100．考查名词。句意：我们将继续努力为世界上不完全戒烟和尼古丁的成年吸烟者递送无烟替代品。分析句意可知，使用名词alternative“替代品”作动词deliver“递送”的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选A项。