Unit 1 话题 节日活动
词汇 Congratulate range figure feature typical reflect faith occasion represent fancy moment respect decorate significant march origin harvest gather fade evil belief merry roast frank region represent fancy brief respect
短语 dress up after all take advantage of range from to fade away in spite of have in common to be frank go off except for set off from near and far be moved by prepare for
句型 as if引导含虚拟语气的方式状语从句 “no matter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句 现在分词作前置定语 because引导表语从句
语法 动词-ing形式用作定语和表语
写作 a narrative essay about a festival or celebration experience围绕节日的记叙文
Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations
考点1．dress (sb) up 穿上盛装；装扮
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(剑桥高阶)He was dressed ________ a dark grey suit.
②(柯林斯词典)I just love the fun of dressing ________ in another era's clothing.
答案：①in ②up
能力提升 单句表达
③(牛津高阶)他不知道如何穿着得体。
He has no idea of ______________________．
④(柯林斯词典)他竭力筹备好各项事宜，以便这次出行看上去像联合国代表团出访一样。
He tried to organize things so that the trips would ____________________ a UN mission.
答案：③how to dress well ④be dressed up as
考点2．congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)You can congratulate ________ (you) on having done an excellent job.
②(牛津高阶)I congratulated them all ________ their results.
③(柯林斯词典)I said ________ (congratulate) and walked over to him and shook his hand.
答案：①yourself ②on ③congratulations
能力提升 单句表达
④(柯林斯词典)俱乐部还就布朗被任命为会长一事向她表示了祝贺。
The club also __________________________ to D. Brown on her appointment as president.
答案：④offers its congratulations
考点3．after all 毕竟；别忘了
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)All ________ all it had been a great success.
②(牛津高阶)First ________ all we must identify the problem areas.
答案：①in ②of
能力提升 单句表达
③(柯林斯词典)他毕竟不能阻止世上所有的恶行。
He could not, ____________， stop all the evil in the world.
④(牛津高阶)她突然意识到她从开始就错了。
It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong ____________.
答案：③after all ④all along
考点4．range n. 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；(在一定范围内)变化
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)There will be an increase in ________ range of 0 to 3 per cent.
②(中国日报)Wang Yuanyuan, the scenic area's brand manager, said the ages of its visitors range ________ 20 to 45, and most of them are parents with children.
③(牛津高阶)This car is ________ the range of most people's pockets; we can't afford it either.
答案：①the ②from ③beyond
能力提升 单句表达
④(柯林斯词典)那些薄薄的小册子描述了一系列服务和设施。
The slim booklets describe ________________ services and facilities.
⑤(剑桥高阶)价格在50美元到250美元之间。
Prices ____________ $50 and $250.
答案：④a range of ⑤range between
考点5．figure n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定
拓展
经典练 写出下列句中figure的含义
①(牛津高阶)By 2004, this figure had risen to 14 million.________
②(柯林斯词典)Ernie saw the dim figure of Rose in the chair. ________
③(牛津高阶)I figured (that) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.________
④I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.________
答案：①数字 ②身影 ③认为 ④身材
能力提升 单句表达
⑤(柯林斯词典)他们用了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动这台设备。
It took them about one month to ____________________________．
答案：⑤figure out how to start the equipment
考点6．feature vt. 以……为特色 n. 特色；特征；特点
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(中国日报)“They all constitute the diversity of architecture in Hunan; the ________ (feature) differ from other provinces，” Tan says.
②(朗文当代)The film featured Madon Brando ________ the Godfather.
答案：①features ②as
能力提升 单句表达
③(朗文当代)语言学习在英语文学课程中应当很重要。
A study of language should ____________ an English literature course.
答案：③feature in
考点7．typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(柯林斯词典)The room is ________ (typical) simple and unadorned, with white walls and a tiled floor.
②(牛津高阶)This pattern of woods and fields is typical ________ the English landscape.
答案：①typically ②of
能力提升 单句表达
③(剑桥高阶)伊恩的典型做法就是把那么多钱花在设备上，然后在课程中途失去了兴趣。
____________________________ all that money on the equipment and then lose interest half way through the course.
答案：③It's just typical of Ian to spend
考点8．take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)Her French upbringing gives her certain advantages ________ other students in her class.
②(剑桥高阶)It would be ________ your advantage to agree to his demands.
答案：①over ②to
能力提升 单句表达
③(柯林斯词典)我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们需要的物品。
I intend to ____________________ this trip to buy the things we need.
答案：③take full advantage of
考点9．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations．
随着商业对这些庆祝活动的利用，节日变得越来越商业化。
[剖析] 句中的with复合结构(with＋名词＋现在分词)作状语。with复合结构可在句中表示状态或背景，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)With the homework ________ (finish), the boy went out to play.
②(牛津高阶)Don't stand ________ your hands in your pockets.
③(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones ________ (assist) the crews' efforts.
答案：①finished ②with ③assisting
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。
________________， it's a good idea to review your class notes.
⑤(牛津高阶)天气若不很冷，我总开着窗户睡觉。
I sleep ______________________ unless it's really cold.
答案：④With exams approaching ⑤with the window open
考点10．reflect vt. 显示；反映；反射
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(朗文当代)His speech was an accurate ________ (reflect) of the public mood.
②(剑桥高阶)The manager demanded time to reflect ________ what to do.
③(剑桥高阶)He saw himself reflected ________ the water.
答案：①reflection ②on ③in
能力提升 单句表达
④(2021·浙江高考)她非常漂亮，她的房子就是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，秩序井然。
She was extremely pretty, and her house was ____________________， everything in good taste and in perfect order.
答案：④a reflection of herself
考点11．faith n. 宗教信仰；信任；相信
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)The events were ________ (faith) recorded in her diary.
②(剑桥高阶)His ________ (faith) old dog accompanied him everywhere he went.
③(牛津高阶)I haven't much faith ________ this medicine.
答案：①faithfully ②faithful ③in
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)她如实讲述了那晚发生的事情。
She ____________________ what had happened on that night.
答案：④gave a faithful account of
考点12．occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)It should have been an occasion ________ rejoicing, but she could not feel any real joy.
②(牛津高阶)I can remember very few occasions ________ he had to cancel because of ill health.
③(中国日报)The fair is an occasion ________ you can connect with many people.
答案：①for ②when ③where
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)他有时犯点小错误。
He has, ____________， made a small mistake.
⑤(牛津高阶)他在退休时获赠这块手表。
He was presented with the watch ________________ his retirement.
答案：④on occasion(s) ⑤on the occasion of
考点13．represent vt. 象征；代表；相当于
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)They represented their concerns ________ the authorities.
②(牛津高阶)The survey covers a ________ (represent) sample of schools.
③(朗文当代)She decided to represent ________ (she) during the trial.
答案：①to ②representative ③herself
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)他自称是个专家，可是他一窍不通。
He ____________________________， but he knows nothing.
答案：④represents himself as an expert
考点14．fancy adj. 花哨的；精致的；昂贵的 vt. 想要；倾慕；自以为是
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)She rather fancies herself ________ a singer.
②(剑桥高阶)I didn't fancy ________ (swim) in that water.
答案：①as ②swimming
能力提升 单句表达
③(剑桥高阶)我想要一件简洁的黑色礼服，不要花哨的东西。
I wanted a simple black dress, ____________．
答案：③nothing fancy
考点15．After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.
在唱了几首歌之后，参赛者们在绿色草地上跳舞，像老鹰一样在空中挥舞着双臂。
[剖析] 主句是the competitors danced onto the green field; After singing some songs作时间状语； waving ... eagles是v. ing形式作伴随状语；其中as if引导方式状语从句。
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)I felt as if my heart ________ (stop).
②(牛津高阶)It sounds as though you ________ (have) a good time.
③(牛津高阶)At one stage it looked as though they ________ (win).
答案：①had stopped ②had ③would win
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)我觉得好像已经晒了好几个小时的太阳。
I felt ________________________ in the sun for hours.
答案：④as if/though I'd been lying
考点16．moment n. 片刻；瞬间
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(朗文当代)I'll come back to the point ________ a moment.
②(牛津高阶)We're happy living in a flat ________ the moment but we may want to move to a house soon.
答案：①in ②for
能力提升 单句表达
③(牛津高阶)也许你没注意到，可我此刻忙得不可开交。
It might have escaped your notice, but ________________________.
④(朗文当代)他说他一到家就给你打电话。
He said he'd phone you ________________________________．
答案：③I'm very busy at the moment ④the moment he got home
考点17．respect n．& vt. 尊敬；尊重
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ________ (respect) Flora's space.
②(朗文当代)Old people deserve to be treated ________ respect.
③(牛津高阶)She has a healthy respect ________ her rival's talents.
答案：①respected ②with ③for
能力提升 单句表达
④(中国日报)为全面建成小康社会，2015年，中央加大了全国脱贫攻坚力度。
To build a moderately prosperous society ____________， the central government stepped up its nationwide campaign to eliminate poverty in 2015.
⑤(剑桥高阶)新教师必须要赢得学生的尊重。
New teachers have to ____________________ their students.
答案：④in all respects ⑤earn/gain the respect of
语法点：V-ing做定语和表语
非谓语：1. to do (表目的和将来）
doing (v-ing)(表主动和正在进行）：现在分词、动名词
done（v-ed）(表被动和完成）
动词-ing形式由“动词原形 + ing”构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。
动词V-ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语以及状语。今天我们主要研讨一下其作定语和表语的用法：
一、V-ing形式作定语
1. 单个的动词V-ing形式作定语，通常位于所修饰词之前。例如：
boiling water， the rising sun， the surprising news， the moving blackboard
Which class does the shouting boy come from？ 那个大喊大叫的男孩来自哪个班？
2. 由动词V-ing形式构成的短语作定语，只能位于所修饰词之后。例如：
Who is the girl following our English teacher all the way？ 一直跟在我们英语老师身后的那个女孩是谁？
The boy having seen the accident said that the car knocked the man off his bike. 看见事故的那个男孩说那辆车把那个人从自行车上撞落下来。
现在分词作定语，相当于定语从句的省略，上述三句可补全如下：
Which class does the boy that is shouting come from？
Who is the girl that followed our English teacher all the way？
The boy who had seen the accident said that the car knocked the man off his bike.
3. V-ing形式作定语，还可表示所修饰词语的用途，可换用for表示。例如：
a sleeping car = a car for sleeping 卧铺车厢
a sleeping pill = a pill for sleeping 安眠药丸
a walking stick = a stick for walking 拐杖
a swimming pool = a pool for swimming 游泳池
当然，V-ing形式作定语更多的时候说明的是所修饰词的性质、特征、所处的状态等。例如：
a sleeping dog = a dog that is sleeping正在睡觉的狗
a walking man = a man who is walking正在走路的男子
4. 另外，V-ing形式作定语时，容易和V-ed分词发生错用。V-ing形式有“主动”或“进行中”之意，V-ed分词则表示“被动”或“已完成”。试比较如下：
She is the student representing her school to attend the conference. （表示主动） 她是代表她学校参会的那个学生。
I think you have to agree he is a respected columnist. （表示被动） 我想你得承认他是个备受尊敬的专栏作家。
You cant drink boiling water. You can drink boiled water. 你不能饮用滚烫的水，你可以饮用（凉）开水。（V-ing形式表进行中，V-ed分词表已完成）
二、V-ing形式作表语
V-ing形式作表语可分两种情况：1. 相当于形容词;2. 相当于名词。例如：
English is quite interesting. （interesting相当于形容词）
Her job is teaching English. （teaching English相当于名词）
第一种情况，应注意其与过去分词的区别。V-ing形式表示“主动”之意，V-ed分词则表示“被动”。试比较如下：
This news is really disappointing. We are all disappointed at the news. 这个消息真地很令人失望。我们对这个消息都很失望。（V-ing形式表主动，V-ed分词表被动）
第二种情况易与进行时结构相混，可从以下两个方面予以区别：
1. 看主语是否是V-ing动词的执行者（即V-ing动词的动作是否是句子主语的动作）。是则为进行时，不是则为V-ing形式。例如：
1） He is cleaning the street. 他正在打掃街道。
2） His job is cleaning the street. 他的工作是打扫街道。
例1中的clean是主语he的动作，为进行时。例2中的clean显然不是his job的动作，为V-ing形式。
2. 看V-ing动词（结构）能否与主语对换位置。能则为V-ing形式，不能则为进行时。例如：
3） The most difficult problem is building the bridge base. 最困难的问题是建造桥基。
4） They are building the bridge base. 他们正在建造桥基。
例3可以调整为：“Building the bridge base is the most difficult problem.”，故为V-ing形式。
而例4则不能（Building the bridge are they. 不正确），故为进行时。
【跟踪练习】
一、用动词V-ing形式改写下列句子。
1. I don’t know the man who is nodding to my father.
2. A train was coming and the boy who was playing on the tracks was too frightened to move.
3. The patient is sitting in the room which faces south.
4. The dustmen who were going on strike said they were badly paid.
5. Today at least in the eyes of the law blacks who live in America have the equal rights as whites.
6. Air which gives us life is around us.
7. The watch that belongs to Mary is lost.
8. We can see the plane is taking off from the airport.
9. I saw he was riding his bike in the street.
10. The citizens in Pisa saw a light ball and a heavy ball were falling at about the same speed.
二、用所給动词的适当形式填空。
1. The teacher and students were all ____ （please） with the ____ （please） result.
2. There are two hundred boys ____ （range） from seven to fourteen in age.
3. From her sad expression， we can know that the outcome is really ____ （disappoint）.
4. A ____ （fly） bird can be a great danger to any airplane， ____ （cause） an air crash.
5. The ____ （defeat） player received an ____ （encourage） message from his wife.
6. Our first step is ____ （divide） the hall into several separate offices.
7. The most difficult task was ____ （search） for the lost child in the valley.
8. ____ （boil） water is still very hot while ____ （boil） water may be cool enough to drink.
9. The ____ （march） soldiers were ____ （excite）， ____ （shout） slogans all the way.
10. The naughty boy is extremely ____ （disappoint）. His behavior made the teacher ____ （annoy） again.
答案
一、
1. I don’t know the man nodding to my father.
2. A train was coming and the boy playing on the tracks was too frightened to move.
3. The patient is sitting in the room facing south.
4. The dustmen going on strike said they were badly paid.
5. Today at least in the eyes of the law blacks living in America have the equal rights as whites.
6. Air giving us life is around us.
7. The watch belonging to Mary is lost.
8. We can see the plane taking off from the airport.
9. I saw him riding his bike in the street.
10. The citizens in Pisa saw a light ball and a heavy ball falling at about the same speed.
二、
pleased; pleasing 2. ranging 3. disappointing 4. flying; causing 5. defeated; encouraging
6. to divide 7. searching 8. Boiling; boiled 9. marching; excited; shouting 10. disappointing; annoyed
写作升华
好句鉴赏：
1.这一节日于每年农历六月初四开始，持续三天。
The festival falls on the forth day of the sixth month of the lunar calender,usually lasting for three days.
2.我看到许多人身着华丽的蒙古袍。
I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes.
3.这刚与柔的展示深深地打动了我。
I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace.
晚会上精彩的表演深深地打动了我。
I was quite moved by the wonderful performance at the evening party.
4.我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古文化的核心”。
That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”.
我顿时明白了为什么人们说“团圆是中国人的信仰”。
That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Reunion is the belief of the Chinese people”.
5.(那达慕大会）它主要有三大赛事：赛马，摔跤和射箭，每项运动都动人心魄。
It (The Naadam Festival) is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch!
元宵节(Lantern Festival)主要有三项活动：赏花灯，舞狮子，猜灯谜，每项运动都十分有趣。
The Lantern Festival is represented by three events: watching lanterns, performing Lion Dance, and guessing lantern riddles, which are all interesting!
单词补充：
节日
Spring Festival 春节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 清明节
Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Lunar New Year’s Eve 除夕活动
Lunar New Year's dinner 年夜饭 Spring Festival Gala 春晚
a thorough cleaning 大扫除 Spring Festival couplets春联
set off fireworks 放烟花 watch lanterns 赏灯
guess lantern riddles 猜灯谜 Dragon Boat racing 赛龙舟
rice dumplings 粽子 mooncakes 月饼 have a get-together 聚会
pay a visit to sb. 拜访某人 be busy doing 忙于……
写作实践
你校英语报 Festival 栏目正面向全校学生征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的一次节日经历，并投稿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
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【写作指导】
本写作可以分为三部分：
第一部分：说明节日名称并简单介绍；
第二部分：具体叙述节日的准备活动和庆祝活动；
第三部分：总结节日经历并表明自己的感受。
【参考范文】
The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival, which is one of the most popular traditional festivals in China, falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calender. It is a great time for families to get together.
I still remember my family celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival last year. During the day, we prepared all the dishes for a great feast and bought several types of mooncakes. As darkness fell, all my family enjoyed the delicious mooncakes, various fruits and other tasty food while admiring the shining moon. Over dinner, we talked about what was going on with us recently.
It was a really joyful festival experience.The festival experience made me realize the importance of family and inspired me to spend more time with my family.
单元要点 词汇 部分 单 元 近 义 词 1. riddle/puzzle 2. joy/happiness/pleasure 3. grateful/thankful 4. typical/representative 5. in spite of/regardless of/despite 6. take advantage of/make use of 7. belief/confidence 8. merry/pleased/joyful 9. frank/straightforward 10. absolutely/completely/thoroughly/totally
重 点 词 形 变 化 1.origin→original (n. →adj.) 起源，开始→原始的
2.decorate→(n.)decoration n.装饰→decorator (n.) 装饰者
3.significant→significance (adj. →n.) 有重大意义的→重大意义
4. faith→(adj.) faithful-(adv.) faithfully 信念→有信念的→有信念地
5.represent→ representative (v. →n.) 象征;代表→代表人物
6.occasion→(adj.) occasional→(adv.) occasionally 机会→偶然的
7.horror→(adj.) horrible→(v.) horrify恐怖→恐怖的，令人震惊的→使人害怕
重 点 词 汇 1.range n. 一系列;范围;界限 vi. 包括;(在一定范围内)变化 2. figure n. 人物;数字;身材;画像;人影 v. 认为;认定;估计;计算;理解 3.gather vi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割 4.grateful adj.感激的;表示谢意的 5.decorate vt.装饰;装潢;授予……勋章/奖章 6.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的 7.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的 8.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;映射;思考 vi.思考 9.faith n. 宗教信仰;信任;相信;信念
重 点 词 组 1．dress (sb.) up穿上盛装;装扮 2．after all毕竟;别忘了 3．range from...to...包括从……到……之间 4．fade away逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱 5．in spite of不管;尽管 6．take advantage of利用;欺骗;占……的便宜 7．have sth.in common(兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征 8．to be frank坦白说;坦率地说 9．go off爆炸;走火;离开 10．except for除……之外 11．set off出发;动身;启程Unit 1 话题 节日活动
词汇 Congratulate range figure feature typical reflect faith occasion represent fancy moment respect decorate significant march origin harvest gather fade evil belief merry roast frank region represent fancy brief respect
短语 dress up after all take advantage of range from to fade away in spite of have in common to be frank go off except for set off from near and far be moved by prepare for
句型 as if引导含虚拟语气的方式状语从句 “no matter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句 现在分词作前置定语 because引导表语从句
语法 动词-ing形式用作定语和表语
写作 a narrative essay about a festival or celebration experience围绕节日的记叙文
Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations
考点1．dress (sb) up 穿上盛装；装扮
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(剑桥高阶)He was dressed ________ a dark grey suit.
②(柯林斯词典)I just love the fun of dressing ________ in another era's clothing.
能力提升 单句表达
③(牛津高阶)他不知道如何穿着得体。
He has no idea of ______________________．
④(柯林斯词典)他竭力筹备好各项事宜，以便这次出行看上去像联合国代表团出访一样。
He tried to organize things so that the trips would ____________________ a UN mission.
考点2．congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)You can congratulate ________ (you) on having done an excellent job.
②(牛津高阶)I congratulated them all ________ their results.
③(柯林斯词典)I said ________ (congratulate) and walked over to him and shook his hand.
能力提升 单句表达
④(柯林斯词典)俱乐部还就布朗被任命为会长一事向她表示了祝贺。
The club also __________________________ to D. Brown on her appointment as president.
考点3．after all 毕竟；别忘了
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)All ________ all it had been a great success.
②(牛津高阶)First ________ all we must identify the problem areas.
能力提升 单句表达
③(柯林斯词典)他毕竟不能阻止世上所有的恶行。
He could not, ____________， stop all the evil in the world.
④(牛津高阶)她突然意识到她从开始就错了。
It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong ____________.
考点4．range n. 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；(在一定范围内)变化
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)There will be an increase in ________ range of 0 to 3 per cent.
②(中国日报)Wang Yuanyuan, the scenic area's brand manager, said the ages of its visitors range ________ 20 to 45, and most of them are parents with children.
③(牛津高阶)This car is ________ the range of most people's pockets; we can't afford it either.
能力提升 单句表达
④(柯林斯词典)那些薄薄的小册子描述了一系列服务和设施。
The slim booklets describe ________________ services and facilities.
⑤(剑桥高阶)价格在50美元到250美元之间。
Prices ____________ $50 and $250.
考点5．figure n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定
拓展
经典练 写出下列句中figure的含义
①(牛津高阶)By 2004, this figure had risen to 14 million.________
②(柯林斯词典)Ernie saw the dim figure of Rose in the chair. ________
③(牛津高阶)I figured (that) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.________
④I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.________
能力提升 单句表达
⑤(柯林斯词典)他们用了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动这台设备。
It took them about one month to ____________________________．
考点6．feature vt. 以……为特色 n. 特色；特征；特点
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(中国日报)“They all constitute the diversity of architecture in Hunan; the ________ (feature) differ from other provinces，” Tan says.
②(朗文当代)The film featured Madon Brando ________ the Godfather.
能力提升 单句表达
③(朗文当代)语言学习在英语文学课程中应当很重要。
A study of language should ____________ an English literature course.
考点7．typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(柯林斯词典)The room is ________ (typical) simple and unadorned, with white walls and a tiled floor.
②(牛津高阶)This pattern of woods and fields is typical ________ the English landscape.
能力提升 单句表达
③(剑桥高阶)伊恩的典型做法就是把那么多钱花在设备上，然后在课程中途失去了兴趣。
____________________________ all that money on the equipment and then lose interest half way through the course.
考点8．take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)Her French upbringing gives her certain advantages ________ other students in her class.
②(剑桥高阶)It would be ________ your advantage to agree to his demands.
能力提升 单句表达
③(柯林斯词典)我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们需要的物品。
I intend to ____________________ this trip to buy the things we need.
考点9．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations．
随着商业对这些庆祝活动的利用，节日变得越来越商业化。
[剖析] 句中的with复合结构(with＋名词＋现在分词)作状语。with复合结构可在句中表示状态或背景，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)With the homework ________ (finish), the boy went out to play.
②(牛津高阶)Don't stand ________ your hands in your pockets.
③(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones ________ (assist) the crews' efforts.
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。
________________， it's a good idea to review your class notes.
⑤(牛津高阶)天气若不很冷，我总开着窗户睡觉。
I sleep ______________________ unless it's really cold.
考点10．reflect vt. 显示；反映；反射
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(朗文当代)His speech was an accurate ________ (reflect) of the public mood.
②(剑桥高阶)The manager demanded time to reflect ________ what to do.
③(剑桥高阶)He saw himself reflected ________ the water.
能力提升 单句表达
④(2021·浙江高考)她非常漂亮，她的房子就是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，秩序井然。
She was extremely pretty, and her house was ____________________， everything in good taste and in perfect order.
考点11．faith n. 宗教信仰；信任；相信
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)The events were ________ (faith) recorded in her diary.
②(剑桥高阶)His ________ (faith) old dog accompanied him everywhere he went.
③(牛津高阶)I haven't much faith ________ this medicine.
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)她如实讲述了那晚发生的事情。
She ____________________ what had happened on that night.
考点12．occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)It should have been an occasion ________ rejoicing, but she could not feel any real joy.
②(牛津高阶)I can remember very few occasions ________ he had to cancel because of ill health.
③(中国日报)The fair is an occasion ________ you can connect with many people.
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)他有时犯点小错误。
He has, ____________， made a small mistake.
⑤(牛津高阶)他在退休时获赠这块手表。
He was presented with the watch ________________ his retirement.
考点13．represent vt. 象征；代表；相当于
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)They represented their concerns ________ the authorities.
②(牛津高阶)The survey covers a ________ (represent) sample of schools.
③(朗文当代)She decided to represent ________ (she) during the trial.
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)他自称是个专家，可是他一窍不通。
He ____________________________， but he knows nothing.
考点14．fancy adj. 花哨的；精致的；昂贵的 vt. 想要；倾慕；自以为是
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)She rather fancies herself ________ a singer.
②(剑桥高阶)I didn't fancy ________ (swim) in that water.
能力提升 单句表达
③(剑桥高阶)我想要一件简洁的黑色礼服，不要花哨的东西。
I wanted a simple black dress, ____________．
考点15．After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.
在唱了几首歌之后，参赛者们在绿色草地上跳舞，像老鹰一样在空中挥舞着双臂。
[剖析] 主句是the competitors danced onto the green field; After singing some songs作时间状语； waving ... eagles是v. ing形式作伴随状语；其中as if引导方式状语从句。
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(牛津高阶)I felt as if my heart ________ (stop).
②(牛津高阶)It sounds as though you ________ (have) a good time.
③(牛津高阶)At one stage it looked as though they ________ (win).
能力提升 单句表达
④(剑桥高阶)我觉得好像已经晒了好几个小时的太阳。
I felt ________________________ in the sun for hours.
考点16．moment n. 片刻；瞬间
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(朗文当代)I'll come back to the point ________ a moment.
②(牛津高阶)We're happy living in a flat ________ the moment but we may want to move to a house soon.
能力提升 单句表达
③(牛津高阶)也许你没注意到，可我此刻忙得不可开交。
It might have escaped your notice, but ________________________.
④(朗文当代)他说他一到家就给你打电话。
He said he'd phone you ________________________________．
考点17．respect n．& vt. 尊敬；尊重
拓展
经典练 单句语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ________ (respect) Flora's space.
②(朗文当代)Old people deserve to be treated ________ respect.
③(牛津高阶)She has a healthy respect ________ her rival's talents.
能力提升 单句表达
④(中国日报)为全面建成小康社会，2015年，中央加大了全国脱贫攻坚力度。
To build a moderately prosperous society ____________， the central government stepped up its nationwide campaign to eliminate poverty in 2015.
⑤(剑桥高阶)新教师必须要赢得学生的尊重。
New teachers have to ____________________ their students.
语法点：V-ing做定语和表语
非谓语：1. to do (表目的和将来）
doing (v-ing)(表主动和正在进行）：现在分词、动名词
done（v-ed）(表被动和完成）
动词-ing形式由“动词原形 + ing”构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。
动词V-ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语以及状语。今天我们主要研讨一下其作定语和表语的用法：
一、V-ing形式作定语
1. 单个的动词V-ing形式作定语，通常位于所修饰词之前。例如：
boiling water， the rising sun， the surprising news， the moving blackboard
Which class does the shouting boy come from？ 那个大喊大叫的男孩来自哪个班？
2. 由动词V-ing形式构成的短语作定语，只能位于所修饰词之后。例如：
Who is the girl following our English teacher all the way？ 一直跟在我们英语老师身后的那个女孩是谁？
The boy having seen the accident said that the car knocked the man off his bike. 看见事故的那个男孩说那辆车把那个人从自行车上撞落下来。
现在分词作定语，相当于定语从句的省略，上述三句可补全如下：
Which class does the boy that is shouting come from？
Who is the girl that followed our English teacher all the way？
The boy who had seen the accident said that the car knocked the man off his bike.
3. V-ing形式作定语，还可表示所修饰词语的用途，可换用for表示。例如：
a sleeping car = a car for sleeping 卧铺车厢
a sleeping pill = a pill for sleeping 安眠药丸
a walking stick = a stick for walking 拐杖
a swimming pool = a pool for swimming 游泳池
当然，V-ing形式作定语更多的时候说明的是所修饰词的性质、特征、所处的状态等。例如：
a sleeping dog = a dog that is sleeping正在睡觉的狗
a walking man = a man who is walking正在走路的男子
4. 另外，V-ing形式作定语时，容易和V-ed分词发生错用。V-ing形式有“主动”或“进行中”之意，V-ed分词则表示“被动”或“已完成”。试比较如下：
She is the student representing her school to attend the conference. （表示主动） 她是代表她学校参会的那个学生。
I think you have to agree he is a respected columnist. （表示被动） 我想你得承认他是个备受尊敬的专栏作家。
You cant drink boiling water. You can drink boiled water. 你不能饮用滚烫的水，你可以饮用（凉）开水。（V-ing形式表进行中，V-ed分词表已完成）
二、V-ing形式作表语
V-ing形式作表语可分两种情况：1. 相当于形容词;2. 相当于名词。例如：
English is quite interesting. （interesting相当于形容词）
Her job is teaching English. （teaching English相当于名词）
第一种情况，应注意其与过去分词的区别。V-ing形式表示“主动”之意，V-ed分词则表示“被动”。试比较如下：
This news is really disappointing. We are all disappointed at the news. 这个消息真地很令人失望。我们对这个消息都很失望。（V-ing形式表主动，V-ed分词表被动）
第二种情况易与进行时结构相混，可从以下两个方面予以区别：
1. 看主语是否是V-ing动词的执行者（即V-ing动词的动作是否是句子主语的动作）。是则为进行时，不是则为V-ing形式。例如：
1） He is cleaning the street. 他正在打掃街道。
2） His job is cleaning the street. 他的工作是打扫街道。
例1中的clean是主语he的动作，为进行时。例2中的clean显然不是his job的动作，为V-ing形式。
2. 看V-ing动词（结构）能否与主语对换位置。能则为V-ing形式，不能则为进行时。例如：
3） The most difficult problem is building the bridge base. 最困难的问题是建造桥基。
4） They are building the bridge base. 他们正在建造桥基。
例3可以调整为：“Building the bridge base is the most difficult problem.”，故为V-ing形式。
而例4则不能（Building the bridge are they. 不正确），故为进行时。
【跟踪练习】
一、用动词V-ing形式改写下列句子。
1. I don’t know the man who is nodding to my father.
2. A train was coming and the boy who was playing on the tracks was too frightened to move.
3. The patient is sitting in the room which faces south.
4. The dustmen who were going on strike said they were badly paid.
5. Today at least in the eyes of the law blacks who live in America have the equal rights as whites.
6. Air which gives us life is around us.
7. The watch that belongs to Mary is lost.
8. We can see the plane is taking off from the airport.
9. I saw he was riding his bike in the street.
10. The citizens in Pisa saw a light ball and a heavy ball were falling at about the same speed.
二、用所給动词的适当形式填空。
1. The teacher and students were all ____ （please） with the ____ （please） result.
2. There are two hundred boys ____ （range） from seven to fourteen in age.
3. From her sad expression， we can know that the outcome is really ____ （disappoint）.
4. A ____ （fly） bird can be a great danger to any airplane， ____ （cause） an air crash.
5. The ____ （defeat） player received an ____ （encourage） message from his wife.
6. Our first step is ____ （divide） the hall into several separate offices.
7. The most difficult task was ____ （search） for the lost child in the valley.
8. ____ （boil） water is still very hot while ____ （boil） water may be cool enough to drink.
9. The ____ （march） soldiers were ____ （excite）， ____ （shout） slogans all the way.
10. The naughty boy is extremely ____ （disappoint）. His behavior made the teacher ____ （annoy） again.
好句鉴赏：
1.这一节日于每年农历六月初四开始，持续三天。
The festival falls on the forth day of the sixth month of the lunar calender,usually lasting for three days.
2.我看到许多人身着华丽的蒙古袍。
I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes.
3.这刚与柔的展示深深地打动了我。
I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace.
晚会上精彩的表演深深地打动了我。
I was quite moved by the wonderful performance at the evening party.
4.我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古文化的核心”。
That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”.
我顿时明白了为什么人们说“团圆是中国人的信仰”。
That was the moment I started to understand why people say “Reunion is the belief of the Chinese people”.
5.(那达慕大会）它主要有三大赛事：赛马，摔跤和射箭，每项运动都动人心魄。
It (The Naadam Festival) is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch!
元宵节(Lantern Festival)主要有三项活动：赏花灯，舞狮子，猜灯谜，每项运动都十分有趣。
The Lantern Festival is represented by three events: watching lanterns, performing Lion Dance, and guessing lantern riddles, which are all interesting!
单词补充：
节日
Spring Festival 春节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 清明节
Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Lunar New Year’s Eve 除夕活动
Lunar New Year's dinner 年夜饭 Spring Festival Gala 春晚
a thorough cleaning 大扫除 Spring Festival couplets春联
set off fireworks 放烟花 watch lanterns 赏灯
guess lantern riddles 猜灯谜 Dragon Boat racing 赛龙舟
rice dumplings 粽子 mooncakes 月饼 have a get-together 聚会
pay a visit to sb. 拜访某人 be busy doing 忙于……
写作实践
你校英语报 Festival 栏目正面向全校学生征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的一次节日经历，并投稿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
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单元要点 词汇 部分 单 元 近 义 词 1. riddle/puzzle 2. joy/happiness/pleasure 3. grateful/thankful 4. typical/representative 5. in spite of/regardless of/despite 6. take advantage of/make use of 7. belief/confidence 8. merry/pleased/joyful 9. frank/straightforward 10. absolutely/completely/thoroughly/totally
重 点 词 形 变 化 1.origin→original (n. →adj.) 起源，开始→原始的
2.decorate→(n.)decoration n.装饰→decorator (n.) 装饰者
3.significant→significance (adj. →n.) 有重大意义的→重大意义
4. faith→(adj.) faithful-(adv.) faithfully 信念→有信念的→有信念地
5.represent→ representative (v. →n.) 象征;代表→代表人物
6.occasion→(adj.) occasional→(adv.) occasionally 机会→偶然的
7.horror→(adj.) horrible→(v.) horrify恐怖→恐怖的，令人震惊的→使人害怕
重 点 词 汇 1.range n. 一系列;范围;界限 vi. 包括;(在一定范围内)变化 2. figure n. 人物;数字;身材;画像;人影 v. 认为;认定;估计;计算;理解 3.gather vi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割 4.grateful adj.感激的;表示谢意的 5.decorate vt.装饰;装潢;授予……勋章/奖章 6.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的 7.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的 8.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射;映射;思考 vi.思考 9.faith n. 宗教信仰;信任;相信;信念
重 点 词 组 1．dress (sb.) up穿上盛装;装扮 2．after all毕竟;别忘了 3．range from...to...包括从……到……之间 4．fade away逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱 5．in spite of不管;尽管 6．take advantage of利用;欺骗;占……的便宜 7．have sth.in common(兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征 8．to be frank坦白说;坦率地说 9．go off爆炸;走火;离开 10．except for除……之外 11．set off出发;动身;启程
