人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Festivals and Celebration Discovering Useful Structures同步学与练学案（含答案）

Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebration
Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures
一、阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分
1.These lanterns are amazing.
2. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes.
3.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,in spite of its religious origins.
课文中以上四个句中均含有一个动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语,它们在句中充当不同的成分。在句(1)中充当____________成分; 在句(2)和句(3)中充当____________成分;
二、整体感知
一、动词的-ing概述
动词的-ing形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词的-ing形式的短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。如：
1) He is an attacking player. 他是一个攻击型的运动员。
2) He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
3) A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
4) Do you know the number of people coming to the party？你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？
二、动词的-ing的作用
1. 动名词说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
1) They set up an operating table in a small temple. 他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2) He may be in the reading room, for all I know. 据我所知，他说不定在阅览室里。
3) Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room. 女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。
2. 现在分词与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
1) There were about 200 children studying in the art school. 有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
2) Who is the woman talking to our English teacher 正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位女士是谁？
3. 有些v.-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring, tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。
1) That must have been a terrifying experience. 那准是一段可怕的经历。
2) The experiment was an amazing success. 那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
注意：作定语的及物动词的现在分词形式为doing和being done。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示动作正在进行时，用being done。作定语的不及物动词的现在分词形式只有doing。
1) He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the sleeping child. 为了不吵醒那个正在睡觉的孩子，他说话声音很低。
2) Can you see the star moving in the sky 你能看见那颗在天上移动的星星吗？
3) The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在电影院上映的那部电影很令人激动。
三、动词的-ing作定语与定语从句之间的转化
1) The factory making these pens is a small one.
→The factory which / that makes these pens is a small one. 制造这些钢笔的工厂很小。
2) We lived in a room facing the south.
→We lived in a room which / that faced the south. 我们住在一个朝南的房间里。
3) The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin. 坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
4) Did you see the girl dancing with your brother
→Did you see the girl who is dancing with your brother 你以前见过现在和你哥哥跳舞的女孩吗？
【即学即练】
1. They are living in a room______(face) the street.
2. Anybody_____(swim) in the river will be fined.
3. The houses ____(build) now are for the teachers.
4. Many people were sitting on the bench in the _____(wait) room.
5. His brother, _____(work) as a teacher, is now living in Beijing.
6. He often carefully watches the doctors in the _____(operate) room.
7. The _____(sleep) baby is my sister’s son. He is so lovely that we all love him.
8. Today there are more airplanes_____(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.
9. The woman _____(wash) dishes over there is my aunt.
10. The question ______(discuss) at present has something important to do with our daily life.
Part II现在分词作表语
分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite, interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in..., 若人 / 物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb. / sth. is interesting。这类词常见的有：
interesting 使人感到高兴 —— interested感到高兴的
exciting令人激动的 —— excited感到激动的
delighting令人高兴的 —— delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的 —— disappointed感到失望的
encouraging 令人鼓舞的 —— encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的 —— pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人费解的 —— puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的 —— satisfied感到满意的
如：
1) Travelling is interesting but tiring. 旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
2) The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 如果让学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
3) The argument is very convincing. 他的论点很令人信服。
4) They were very excited at the news. 听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
注意：分词作表语时，相当于形容词，不可与构成进行时态和被动 语态中的分词混淆起来。它们的形式是一样但可以从意义上予以区别。试比较：
1) The film is moving.这电影很感人。（表语，说明主语的性质）
2) They are moving next Sunday. 他们下个周日搬家。（现在进行时，表示动作）
3) The bookstore is now closed.书店现在已关门了。（表语，说明主语所处的状态）
4) The book shop is usually closed at 7.30 p.m.书店通常在晚上7：30关门。（被动语态，表示动作）
【即学即练】
1．As I know, the child’s passion is___(sing).
2．Your task is __________(clean) the old car over there on your own.
3．Her present job is________(teach) English in a remote village, which she thinks is very rewarding.
4．What annoyed me most was ________ (cheat) by her over and over again.
5．The real problem is ________ (understand) how the system works.
6．Rachel’s father’s job is ________ (teach) maths in a high school.
7．The most popular pastime for a number of old people is ________(play) chess.
8．I know that her hobby is ____(make) short cooking videos.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. It was a very ___________________（frighten）experience but they were very courageous.
2. This area of France has a ___________________（please）climate in August.
3. My ___________________（wash） machine is out of order and needs repairing.
4. Travelling along the old Silk Road is an experience，which is ___________________（reward）.
5. John’s bad habit is ___________________（read） without thorough understanding.
6. What he said at the meeting yesterday was very ___________________（disappoint）.
7. The stadium ___________________（build）at present in our city is intended for the coming City Games.
8. No one can ignore the rich culture ___________________（date）back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a speed and scale that has never been witnessed.
9. Look over there—there’s a very long，winding path___________________（lead）up to the house.
10. Recently a survey ___________________（compare）prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens.
11. All customers ___________________（travel）on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.
12. In a study ___________________（describe）the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times ___________________（use）the smart keyboard.
Ⅱ. 指出句中划线部分是哪一类非谓语动词作哪一类成分
1. The woman drinking coffee over there is a relative of my mother. ___________________
2. At present，the situation both at home and abroad is encouraging. ___________________
3. The problem which he met in the new school is quite puzzling to him. ___________________
4. If you want to work out the problem efficiently，a good working method is a must. ___________________
5. Her present job is teaching English in a remote village，which she thinks is very rewarding. ___________________
6. During the following days we’ll make good preparations for the sports meeting to be held next week. ___________________
一、完形填空
When the bell rang on the last day of school, Susanna cheered along with her classmates. School was over, and summer was beginning!
Some students were 1 to go to summer camp while others were just happy to stay at home and rest. However, summertime for Susanna 2 only one thing: the cottage.
On sunny days at the cottage, there was so much 3 ! The sunshine made the lake shine like a diamond. The gentle wind 4 the leaves on the trees, sounding like a waterfall. Susanna was 5 to go swimming with her parents in the clear lake on the hottest days. She also liked rowing herself on a paddle board (浆板), 6 she often fell off it!
On 7 days, the family would stay indoors, watching movies or 8 challenging jigsaw puzzles. At night they would do some 9 , embracing (拥抱) the wonder of literature while listening to the sounds of the rain falling on the roof.
Susanna loved the way her whole family spent the summer there. However, the 10 was her cousins’ visit. They would light a campfire at night, singing and dancing to music outdoors. Once inside, 11 themselves under blankets, Susanna and her cousins would tell 12 and laugh to tears until the adults found them and told them to be quiet. 13 , they would fall asleep, one by one, until only Susanna remained 14 . She would fall asleep to the gentle snores of exhausted children, wishing that summer at the cottage would never 15 .
1．A．hesitant B．grateful C．excited D．patient
2．A．lacked B．meant C．proved D．changed
3．A．freedom B．imagination C．practice D．pleasure
4．A．struck B．kissed C．bit D．tore
5．A．brave B．nervous C．proud D．eager
6．A．even though B．in case C．as if D．so that
7．A．cloudy B．rainy C．windy D．sunny
8．A．working on B．putting away C．picking up D．handing out
9．A．talking B．drawing C．dancing D．reading
10．A．highlight B．arrangement C．tradition D．advantage
11．A．protecting B．hiding C．seating D．dressing
12．A．stories B．lies C．jokes D．secrets
13．A．Eventually B．Exactly C．Fortunately D．Obviously
14．A．exhausted B．silent C．awake D．sleepy
15．A．exist B．approach C．last D．end
二、语法填空
Text 1
The opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games was held at the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang province on September 23rd. A total of 886 athletes participated in the ceremony, among 16 , 36 are Olympic champions. The entry of the Chinese team was accompanied by a breathtaking visual representation of the motherland’s mountains and rivers. 17 impressed the audiences most was the digital human in the torch-lighting (点火炬) ceremony.
The ceremony was 18 amazing display of Chinese culture and innovation (创新) and also a feast for the senses, with terrific views, innovative 19 (perform), and a sincere respect for the history and culture of Asia. It was themed “Memories of Jiangnan”, 20 (use) the element of water to show the region’s 21 (nature) beauty and cultural izens were attracted by the display of Chinese aesthetics (中国美学) 22 (exhibit) at the opening ceremony.
At the banquet of the opening ceremony, Chinese President Xi Jinping said China looks forward to 23 (work) closely together with the Olympic Council of Asia and delegations (代表团) from all countries and regions to deliver to the world a great event that is distinctly (鲜明地) Chinese, 24 (unique) Asian and spectacular. It is certain that China 25 (make) new contribution to the Olympic Movement in the world in the future.
Text 2
Music and dance have been a huge part of Irish culture for 26 (generation) and the two go together well. When you go to see a(n) 27 (tradition) Irish dancing show, you will get to experience some musical performances too.
The most famous Irish dancing performance is undoubtedly Riverdance. This 28 (be) originally the half-time show at the Irish-hosted 1994 Eurovision Song Contest but has developed much over the years and the dancers have gone all over the world, widely 29 (share) this part of Irish culture. If you are in Dublin, it might be possible to see some big performances of Riverdance. Usually, such shows 30 (perform) in the famous Gaiety Theatre.
If you are looking for something a little more casual (随意的) though, there are plenty 31 places to go in Dublin. This part of Irish culture, like many others, started off in public houses around the country, and even today there are lots of pubs 32 will play host to dancers and musicians every night of the week. Some of these performances are more intimate (温馨的) and the dancers will take over a small part of the pub to put on 33 (they) show. Some pubs in the city will put on a bigger performance, for they have built stages, 34 (especial) designed so many people can enjoy Irish music and dance while they have dinner. This can be 35 great way to see as much of Irish culture as possible while you are here.
Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebration
Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures
一、阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分
1.These lanterns are amazing.
2. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes.
3.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,in spite of its religious origins.
课文中以上四个句中均含有一个动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语,它们在句中充当不同的成分。在句(1)中充当_____表语_______成分; 在句(2)和句(3)中充当_____定语_______成分;
二、整体感知
一、动词的-ing概述
动词的-ing形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；如果是动词的-ing形式的短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。如：
1) He is an attacking player. 他是一个攻击型的运动员。
2) He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
3) A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
4) Do you know the number of people coming to the party？你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？
二、动词的-ing的作用
1. 动名词说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
1) They set up an operating table in a small temple. 他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2) He may be in the reading room, for all I know. 据我所知，他说不定在阅览室里。
3) Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room. 女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。
2. 现在分词与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
1) There were about 200 children studying in the art school. 有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
2) Who is the woman talking to our English teacher 正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位女士是谁？
3. 有些v.-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring, tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。
1) That must have been a terrifying experience. 那准是一段可怕的经历。
2) The experiment was an amazing success. 那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
注意：作定语的及物动词的现在分词形式为doing和being done。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示动作正在进行时，用being done。作定语的不及物动词的现在分词形式只有doing。
1) He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the sleeping child. 为了不吵醒那个正在睡觉的孩子，他说话声音很低。
2) Can you see the star moving in the sky 你能看见那颗在天上移动的星星吗？
3) The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在电影院上映的那部电影很令人激动。
三、动词的-ing作定语与定语从句之间的转化
1) The factory making these pens is a small one.
→The factory which / that makes these pens is a small one. 制造这些钢笔的工厂很小。
2) We lived in a room facing the south.
→We lived in a room which / that faced the south. 我们住在一个朝南的房间里。
3) The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin. 坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
4) Did you see the girl dancing with your brother
→Did you see the girl who is dancing with your brother 你以前见过现在和你哥哥跳舞的女孩吗？
【即学即练】
1. They are living in a room______(face) the street.
2. Anybody_____(swim) in the river will be fined.
3. The houses ____(build) now are for the teachers.
4. Many people were sitting on the bench in the _____(wait) room.
5. His brother, _____(work) as a teacher, is now living in Beijing.
6. He often carefully watches the doctors in the _____(operate) room.
7. The _____(sleep) baby is my sister’s son. He is so lovely that we all love him.
8. Today there are more airplanes_____(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.
9. The woman _____(wash) dishes over there is my aunt.
10. The question ______(discuss) at present has something important to do with our daily life.
1. facing 2. swimming 3. being built
4. waiting 5. working 6.operating
7. sleeping 8. carrying 9.washing
10.being discussed
Part II现在分词作表语
分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite, interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in..., 若人 / 物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb. / sth. is interesting。这类词常见的有：
interesting 使人感到高兴 —— interested感到高兴的
exciting令人激动的 —— excited感到激动的
delighting令人高兴的 —— delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的 —— disappointed感到失望的
encouraging 令人鼓舞的 —— encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的 —— pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人费解的 —— puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的 —— satisfied感到满意的
如：
1) Travelling is interesting but tiring. 旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
2) The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 如果让学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
3) The argument is very convincing. 他的论点很令人信服。
4) They were very excited at the news. 听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
注意：分词作表语时，相当于形容词，不可与构成进行时态和被动 语态中的分词混淆起来。它们的形式是一样但可以从意义上予以区别。试比较：
1) The film is moving.这电影很感人。（表语，说明主语的性质）
2) They are moving next Sunday. 他们下个周日搬家。（现在进行时，表示动作）
3) The bookstore is now closed.书店现在已关门了。（表语，说明主语所处的状态）
4) The book shop is usually closed at 7.30 p.m.书店通常在晚上7：30关门。（被动语态，表示动作）
【即学即练】
1．As I know, the child’s passion is___(sing).
2．Your task is __________(clean) the old car over there on your own.
3．Her present job is________(teach) English in a remote village, which she thinks is very rewarding.
4．What annoyed me most was ________ (cheat) by her over and over again.
5．The real problem is ________ (understand) how the system works.
6．Rachel’s father’s job is ________ (teach) maths in a high school.
7．The most popular pastime for a number of old people is ________(play) chess.
8．I know that her hobby is ____(make) short cooking videos.
1．singing 2．cleaning 3．teaching 4．being cheated 5．understanding/to understand
6．teaching 7．playing 8．making
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. It was a very ___________________（frighten）experience but they were very courageous.
2. This area of France has a ___________________（please）climate in August.
3. My ___________________（wash） machine is out of order and needs repairing.
4. Travelling along the old Silk Road is an experience，which is ___________________（reward）.
5. John’s bad habit is ___________________（read） without thorough understanding.
6. What he said at the meeting yesterday was very ___________________（disappoint）.
7. The stadium ___________________（build）at present in our city is intended for the coming City Games.
8. No one can ignore the rich culture ___________________（date）back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a speed and scale that has never been witnessed.
9. Look over there—there’s a very long，winding path___________________（lead）up to the house.
10. Recently a survey ___________________（compare）prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens.
11. All customers ___________________（travel）on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.
12. In a study ___________________（describe）the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times ___________________（use）the smart keyboard.
1. frightening　句意：那是一次让人胆战心惊的经历，但他们（表现得）非常勇敢。it 作主语，故用frightening“令人害怕的”，作表语。frightened“感到害怕的”，常用人作主语。
2. pleasing　句意：法国的这个地区在8 月气候宜人。现在分词形式的形容词作定语。
3. washing　句意：我的洗衣机坏了，需要修理。动名词作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能。
4. rewarding　句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有益的体验。rewarding 意为“有益的，值得的”。
5. reading　句意：约翰的坏习惯是读书却不彻底理解。
6. disappointing　句意：他昨天在会上说的话非常令人失望。分析句子成分可知，所填的词作表语，表示“令人失望的”，所以用disappointing。
7. being built　句意：我们城市现在正在建设的体育馆是为即将到来的城市运动会准备的。being built 作定语，可转化为定语从句that/which is being built。
8. dating　date 和句子谓语动词ignore 之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，且词组date back to 没有被动形式，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。
9. leading　句意：看那儿，有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那座房子。leading... 作path 的后置定语，相当于which leads...。
paring　句意：最近一项调查引起了市民们的热烈讨论，该调查比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。survey 和compare 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式
作定语。
11. travelling　句意：所有乘坐TransLink 的乘客在上车前必须持有有效车票。customers 与travel 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
12. describing，using　句意：在一项描述这项技术的研究中，研究人员让100 名志愿者用智能键盘四次输入“touch”这个词。第一空为现在分词作后置定语；第二空为现在分词作状语。
Ⅱ. 指出句中划线部分是哪一类非谓语动词作哪一类成分
1. The woman drinking coffee over there is a relative of my mother. ___________________
2. At present，the situation both at home and abroad is encouraging. ___________________
3. The problem which he met in the new school is quite puzzling to him. ___________________
4. If you want to work out the problem efficiently，a good working method is a must. ___________________
5. Her present job is teaching English in a remote village，which she thinks is very rewarding. ___________________
6. During the following days we’ll make good preparations for the sports meeting to be held next week. ___________________
1. 现在分词作定语　2. 现在分词作表语　3. 现在分词作表语 4. 动名词作定语　5. 动名词作表语；现在分词作表语 6. 现在分词作定语；不定式被动式作定语
一、完形填空
When the bell rang on the last day of school, Susanna cheered along with her classmates. School was over, and summer was beginning!
Some students were 1 to go to summer camp while others were just happy to stay at home and rest. However, summertime for Susanna 2 only one thing: the cottage.
On sunny days at the cottage, there was so much 3 ! The sunshine made the lake shine like a diamond. The gentle wind 4 the leaves on the trees, sounding like a waterfall. Susanna was 5 to go swimming with her parents in the clear lake on the hottest days. She also liked rowing herself on a paddle board (浆板), 6 she often fell off it!
On 7 days, the family would stay indoors, watching movies or 8 challenging jigsaw puzzles. At night they would do some 9 , embracing (拥抱) the wonder of literature while listening to the sounds of the rain falling on the roof.
Susanna loved the way her whole family spent the summer there. However, the 10 was her cousins’ visit. They would light a campfire at night, singing and dancing to music outdoors. Once inside, 11 themselves under blankets, Susanna and her cousins would tell 12 and laugh to tears until the adults found them and told them to be quiet. 13 , they would fall asleep, one by one, until only Susanna remained 14 . She would fall asleep to the gentle snores of exhausted children, wishing that summer at the cottage would never 15 .
1．A．hesitant B．grateful C．excited D．patient
2．A．lacked B．meant C．proved D．changed
3．A．freedom B．imagination C．practice D．pleasure
4．A．struck B．kissed C．bit D．tore
5．A．brave B．nervous C．proud D．eager
6．A．even though B．in case C．as if D．so that
7．A．cloudy B．rainy C．windy D．sunny
8．A．working on B．putting away C．picking up D．handing out
9．A．talking B．drawing C．dancing D．reading
10．A．highlight B．arrangement C．tradition D．advantage
11．A．protecting B．hiding C．seating D．dressing
12．A．stories B．lies C．jokes D．secrets
13．A．Eventually B．Exactly C．Fortunately D．Obviously
14．A．exhausted B．silent C．awake D．sleepy
15．A．exist B．approach C．last D．end
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Susanna在小屋里度过夏天的故事。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些学生很兴奋地去夏令营，而另一些学生则很高兴呆在家里休息。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. grateful感激的；C. excited兴奋的；D. patient有耐心的。根据上文“the last day of school”和下文“go to summer camp”可知，放假了，学生应该是很兴奋地去夏令营。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，对苏珊娜来说，夏天只意味着一件事：小屋。A. lacked缺乏；B. meant意味着；C. proved证明；D. changed改变。根据上文“go to summer camp while others were just happy to stay at home and rest”可知，此处是在说夏天对学生的意义，由下文“the cottage”可知，对Susanna来说，夏天就意味着小屋。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在阳光明媚的日子里，在小屋里，有那么多的快乐！A. freedom自由；B. imagination想象力；C. practice练习；D. pleasure快乐。根据下文“The sunshine made the lake shine like a diamond”可知，在小屋里度过夏天是美好的，因此此处表示“在小屋里，有那么多的快乐”。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：温柔的风亲吻着树上的叶子，听起来像瀑布的声音。A. struck打，撞；B. kissed亲吻；C. bit咬，咬伤；D. tore撕。根据上文“The gentle wind”和下文“the leaves on the trees”可知，风吹树叶就像风亲吻树叶一样。故选B。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：苏珊娜渴望在最热的日子里和父母一起去清澈的湖里游泳。A. brave勇敢的；B. nervous紧张的；C. proud骄傲的；D. eager渴望的。根据下文“on the hottest days”可知，在最热的日子当然是渴望去游泳。故选D。
6．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她还喜欢在桨板上划船，尽管她经常从上面掉下来！A. even though尽管；B. in case以防；C. as if好像；D. so that以便。根据上文“She also liked rowing herself on a paddle board”和下文“she often fell off it”可知，前后是让步关系，意思是尽管她经常从上面掉下来，她还是喜欢在桨板上划船。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下雨天，一家人会呆在家里，看电影或玩拼图游戏。A. cloudy多云的；B. rainy多雨的；C. windy多风的；D. sunny晴朗的。根据下文“listening to the sounds of the rain falling on the roof”可知，此处是在描述下雨时作者一家人会干什么。故选B。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：下雨天，一家人会呆在家里，看电影或玩拼图游戏。A. working on从事于；B. putting away放好；C. picking up捡起来；D. handing out分发。根据下文“challenging jigsaw puzzles”可知，空后的拼图游戏是他们所做的事情，空格处意为“从事”。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚上，他们会做一些阅读，拥抱文学的奇迹，听着雨落在屋顶上的声音。A. talking谈论；B. drawing画画；C. dancing跳舞；D. reading读。根据下文“embracing (拥抱) the wonder of literature”可知，拥抱文学的奇迹就是去阅读。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，最精彩的是她表兄弟姐妹的来访。A. highlight最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分；B. arrangement安排；C. tradition传统；D. advantage优点。根据下文“They would light a campfire at night, singing and dancing to music outdoors”可知，后文描述和她表兄弟姐妹一起做的事情，根据描述可知，他们来了以后变得很有趣，因此此处表示这是“最精彩的的部分”。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一进屋，苏珊娜和她的堂兄弟们就躲在毯子下面讲笑话，笑得眼泪汪汪，直到大人们发现她们，叫她们安静下来。A. protecting保护；B. hiding躲藏；C. seating使就座；D. dressing穿衣。根据下文“under blankets”可知，应该是他们躲在毯子下。故选B。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一进屋，苏珊娜和她的堂兄弟们就躲在毯子下面讲笑话，笑得眼泪汪汪，直到大人们发现她们，叫她们安静下来。A. stories故事；B. lies谎言；C. jokes笑话；D. secrets秘密。根据下文“laugh to tears”可知，笑得流泪，那肯定是说的在讲笑话。故选C。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们一个接一个地睡着了，直到只有苏珊娜还醒着。A. Eventually最后；B. Exactly确切地；C. Fortunately幸运的是；D. Obviously显然。根据下文“they would fall asleep”可知，入睡是一天中最后发生的事情，因此空格处是“最后”。故选A。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们一个接一个地睡着了，直到只有苏珊娜还醒着。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. silent安静的；C. awake醒着的；D. sleepy困倦的。根据下文“She would fall asleep to the gentle snores of exhausted children”可知，别人都打呼了，她还没睡，所以别人睡着的时候她还醒着。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会在疲惫的孩子们轻柔的鼾声中入睡，希望小屋的夏天永远不会结束。A. exist存在；B. approach接近；C. last持续；D. end结束。根据上文“Susanna loved the way her whole family spent the summer there”可知，苏珊娜喜欢全家在那里度过夏天的方式，所以她希望小屋的夏天永远不会结束。故选D。
二、语法填空
Text 1
The opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games was held at the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang province on September 23rd. A total of 886 athletes participated in the ceremony, among 16 , 36 are Olympic champions. The entry of the Chinese team was accompanied by a breathtaking visual representation of the motherland’s mountains and rivers. 17 impressed the audiences most was the digital human in the torch-lighting (点火炬) ceremony.
The ceremony was 18 amazing display of Chinese culture and innovation (创新) and also a feast for the senses, with terrific views, innovative 19 (perform), and a sincere respect for the history and culture of Asia. It was themed “Memories of Jiangnan”, 20 (use) the element of water to show the region’s 21 (nature) beauty and cultural izens were attracted by the display of Chinese aesthetics (中国美学) 22 (exhibit) at the opening ceremony.
At the banquet of the opening ceremony, Chinese President Xi Jinping said China looks forward to 23 (work) closely together with the Olympic Council of Asia and delegations (代表团) from all countries and regions to deliver to the world a great event that is distinctly (鲜明地) Chinese, 24 (unique) Asian and spectacular. It is certain that China 25 (make) new contribution to the Olympic Movement in the world in the future.
【答案】16．whom 17．What 18．an 19．performances 20．using 21．natural 22．exhibited 23．working 24．uniquely 25．will make
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了第19届杭州亚运会开幕式的盛况，开幕式展示了中国文化，融合了创新元素，给观众们留下了深刻印象。
16．考查定语从句。句意：共有886名运动员参加了开幕式，其中36名是奥运冠军。分析句子可知，空处和空前的among搭配，构成“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词886 athletes作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom作引导词。故填whom。
17．考查主语从句。句意：最让观众印象深刻的是火炬点燃仪式上的数字人。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，且主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，空处位于句首，what的首字母需大写。故填What。
18．考查冠词。句意：开幕式不仅展示了中国的文化和创新精神，同时也是一场感官盛宴，景象壮丽，表演新颖，表达了对亚洲历史和文化的真诚尊重。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一场”，应用不定冠词，且amazing的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
19．考查名词的数。句意：开幕式不仅展示了中国的文化和创新精神，同时也是一场感官盛宴，景象壮丽，表演新颖，表达了对亚洲历史和文化的真诚尊重。分析句子可知，空处被innovative修饰，和views并列作with的宾语，应用名词performance，意为“表演”，结合views可知，performance需用复数形式。故填performances。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：它的主题为“江南回忆”，利用水的元素来展示该地区的自然美景和文化魅力。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作方式状语，表示谓语行为发生的方式，use“使用”和It逻辑上是主动关系，应用use的现在分词形式。故填using。
21．考查形容词。句意：它的主题为“江南回忆”，利用水的元素来展示该地区的自然美景和文化魅力。分析句子可知，空处是修饰beauty的定语，应用形容词natural，意为“自然的”。故填natural。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：网友们被开幕式上展示的中国美学所吸引。分析句子可知，空处作aesthetics的后置定语，是非谓语动词，exhibit“展示”和aesthetics逻辑上是被动关系，应用exhibit的过去分词形式。故填exhibited。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：在开幕式晚宴上，中国主席习近平表示，中国期待着与亚洲奥林匹克理事会和各国各地区代表团密切合作，为世界带来一场具有中国特色、亚洲特色和壮观的盛会。根据“looks forward to”可知，此处用固定短语look forward to doing sth.，意为“期待做某事”，空处应用work的动名词形式。故填working。
24．考查副词。句意：在开幕式晚宴上，中国主席习近平表示，中国期待着与亚洲奥林匹克理事会和各国各地区代表团密切合作，为世界带来一场具有中国特色、亚洲特色和壮观的盛会。分析句子可知，空处是修饰形容词Asian的状语，应用副词uniquely，意为“独特地”。故填uniquely。
25．考查时态。句意：可以肯定的是，中国将在未来为世界奥林匹克运动做出新的贡献。分析句子可知，空处作从句的谓语，时间状语为in the future，时态应用一般将来时，空处应用will do的形式。故填will make。
Text 2
Music and dance have been a huge part of Irish culture for 26 (generation) and the two go together well. When you go to see a(n) 27 (tradition) Irish dancing show, you will get to experience some musical performances too.
The most famous Irish dancing performance is undoubtedly Riverdance. This 28 (be) originally the half-time show at the Irish-hosted 1994 Eurovision Song Contest but has developed much over the years and the dancers have gone all over the world, widely 29 (share) this part of Irish culture. If you are in Dublin, it might be possible to see some big performances of Riverdance. Usually, such shows 30 (perform) in the famous Gaiety Theatre.
If you are looking for something a little more casual (随意的) though, there are plenty 31 places to go in Dublin. This part of Irish culture, like many others, started off in public houses around the country, and even today there are lots of pubs 32 will play host to dancers and musicians every night of the week. Some of these performances are more intimate (温馨的) and the dancers will take over a small part of the pub to put on 33 (they) show. Some pubs in the city will put on a bigger performance, for they have built stages, 34 (especial) designed so many people can enjoy Irish music and dance while they have dinner. This can be 35 great way to see as much of Irish culture as possible while you are here.
【答案】
26．generations 27．traditional 28．was 29．sharing 30．are performed 31．of 32．that/which 33．their 34．especially 35．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了音乐和舞蹈作为爱尔兰文化的重要组成部分，以及爱尔兰舞蹈表演的特点和地点选择。其中提到了著名的爱尔兰舞蹈表演《Riverdance》，以及在都柏林的酒吧等场所可以观赏到爱尔兰舞蹈和音乐表演。
26．考查名词。句意：几代人以来，音乐和舞蹈一直是爱尔兰文化的重要组成部分，两者相得益彰。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，generation意为“一代人”，可数名词，前面无表示数量的限定词，所以此处表示复数意义。故填generations。
27．考查形容词。句意：当你去看一场传统的爱尔兰舞蹈表演时，你也会体验到一些音乐表演。分析句子，设空处使用tradition的形容词traditional作定语，修饰名词，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
28．考查动词和主谓一致。句意：这最初是1994年爱尔兰主办的欧洲歌唱大赛的中场表演，但多年来发展了很多，舞者们去了世界各地，广泛分享了爱尔兰文化的这一部分。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中originally意为“起初地，开始地”，此处表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时；主语是this，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中have gone为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。句中the dancers与share之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填sharing。
30．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，这样的演出是在著名的欢乐剧院进行的。句中usually为一般现在时时间标志，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处shows与perform之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态；主语shows是复数形式，所以谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填are performed。
31．考查介词。句意：如果你想找一些更休闲的地方，都柏林有很多地方可以去。句中plenty of为固定短语，意为“很多”。故填of。
32．考查定语从句。句意：这是爱尔兰文化的一部分，像许多其他文化一样，起源于全国各地的酒吧，即使在今天，仍然有许多酒吧每天晚上都会招待舞者和音乐家。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词pubs，为物，故使用that或者which。故填that/which。
33．考查代词。句意：有些表演是比较私密的，舞者会占用酒吧的一小部分来表演。句中show为名词，故使用they的形容词性物主代词their修饰。故填their。
34．考查副词。句意：城里的一些酒吧将举行更大的演出，因为他们建造了特别设计的舞台，所以很多人可以在吃饭时欣赏爱尔兰音乐和舞蹈。分析句子，设空处使用especial的副词especially作状语，修饰designed，意为“尤其地，特别地”。故填especially。
35．考查冠词。句意：当你在这里的时候，这是一个尽可能多地了解爱尔兰文化的好方法。句中way为可数名词，意为“方法”，此处表示“了解爱尔兰文化的（一个）好方法”，故使用不定冠词表示数量。同时great的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。