哈师大附中2023级高一下学期开学考试英语试卷
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man dislike about the shirt
A．The material. B．The design. C．The color.
2．What will the speakers do next
A．Go to the cleaner’s. B．Do some shopping. C．Visit Jim.
3．Where is the woman catch a connecting train
A．In Liverpool. B．In Bermingham. C．In London.
4．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Interviewer and interviewee.
B．Boss and secretary.
C．Colleagues.
5．What are the speakers talking about
A．The horrible weather. B．A late bus. C．A challenging job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What did the woman do
A．She watched a show B．She acted in a play. C．She tried out for the lead role.
7．What does the man think of John’s performance
A．Dull. B．Natural. C．Surprising.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．When will the man sigh up for the study group
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday.
9．What does the woman suggest the man do about the session
A．Decide on a subject. B．Show up on time. C．Review the lesson.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is the woman’s opinion on Tim’s Cafe
A．Top quality. B．Below average. C．Surprisingly bad.
11．What is the man responsible for at the new job
A．Analyzing data online.
B．Receiving customers’ orders.
C．Entering information into a computer.
12．What does the woman invite the man to do
A．Have a burger. B．Play basketball. C．Go snowboarding.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why is the man meeting the woman
A．To get treatment for his sensitivity.
B．To have a health check-up.
C．To buy some medicine.
14．How does the man keep his weight down
A．By avoiding junk. B．By eating less. C．By working out.
15．What could Julie probably be
A．A doctor. B．A nurse. C．A chemist.
16．What does the woman advise the man to do
A．Cut down on salt intake.
B．Check his blood pressure.
C．Go on a diet.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where is Baxter’s Hardware Store
A．At the entrance. B．Next to a bakery. C．Across from Kay’s.
18．What is the Carter’s
A．A supermarket. B．A chemist shop. C．An electronics store.
19．What do we know about the Gibson’s Mall
A．It opens daily.
B．It charges for parking.
C．It has a roof garden for children.
20．Why is the talk given
A．To attract more customers.
B．To encourage local investment.
C．To recommend recreational activities.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When it comes to hiking, Greece has something for every kind of walker. The mainland boasts (拥有)well-maintained routes, while on the country’s islands you’ll find ancient paths dating back to Byzantine times connecting sleepy villages with beautiful sandy coves (小海湾). Here’s our pick of Greece’s best hikes.
Samaria Gorge(峡谷), Crete
16 kilometers(10 miles), 4 hours
Hiking the 16-kilometer Samaria Gorge is considered one of Crete’s must-do experiences, which is why you’ll rarely be without company. Nevertheless, there’s an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria, where vertical (垂直的) walls soar up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point (150 meters at the broadest).
The hike begins at 1,230 meters at Xyloskalo just south of Omalos and ends in the coastal village of Agia Roumeli. It’s especially scenic in April and May, when wildflowers brighten the route.
Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia
8 kilometers(5 miles), 3 to 4 hours
The summit of Mt Ohi (Profitis Ilias; 1,398 m), lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is crowned by mysterious ancient dragon houses: 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. From Myli, it’s an 8-kilometer hike to the summit (three to four hours).
It’s possible to stay overnight at the 1000-meter-high refuge then hike up Mt Ohi to catch the sunrise(30 minutes), which makes for a magical experience. Contact South Evia Tours or Evia Adventure Tours for details.
Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece
14 kilometers (9 miles), 3 to 4 hours
This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece.
The hike starts from the E4 long-distance starting point 100 meters east of the Hotel Acropole. Skirting the village of Crissa, it goes to the gulf (海湾) through Greece’s largest olive garden. After your three-to-four-hour hike, and lunch or a swim, you can return to Delphi by bus (around 2 euros).
Hike to the Tomb of Kleobolus, Rhodes
5 kilometers(3 miles), 2 hours
An easy, enjoyable 5-kilometer(two-hour)round-trip hike escapes Lindos to reach the so-called Tomb of Kleobolus. Starting alongside Car Park 1 above the main beach, the route ends at a rocky hill topped by a circular tomb actually built during the 2nd century BC, long after Kleobolus ruled Rhodes.
1. What is the raw beauty of Samaria
A. High and narrow gorges. B. Magical sunset.
C. Wildflowers throughout the year. D. Mysterious large rocks.
2. What will visitors see during the Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia
A. Ancient buildings. B. Evia’s highest peak.
C. A circular tomb. D. Greece’s largest olive garden.
3. What can we learn about the Delphi to Kirra Walk
A. It lets visitors experience the modern world of Greece.
B. Visitors are recommended to get back to Delphi by ship.
C. The route connects two places with a long history.
D. It is a challenging route through a rocky hill.
B
Today, I’ve been recording an audiobook. I am excited that I have realized my life-long dream.
I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.
This was all handy background for my career in broadcasting. But, much as I enjoy hosting shows and interviewing people, I often find myself missing the simple pleasures of reading out loud. I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice. Non-fiction, then, seemed the obvious target, but I felt that such books were best read by their original authors. If it were authors’ own voice, their stories would touch me.
Recently, delivering my son’s nightly bedtime story has reawakened my love for reading out loud — highlights so far have included Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Charlotte’s Web. But I never thought I’d get the opportunity to do it professionally.
Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, writer of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.
So I’ve spent this week in a studio, simply reading stuff out loud. And I’m LOVING IT!
Mind you, it’s an entirely unexpected experience. It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath. I’ve also learned how many words I’ve been mispronouncing my entire life: behavioural is BE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL, not BE-HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL.
Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.
4. What does the author want to show by mentioning his experiences at school
A. The power of dreaming.
B. His love for reading aloud.
C. The impact of schooling.
D. His talent for reading.
5. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3
A. He regrets being a TV host.
B. He has no taste for non-fiction.
C. He has rich acting experience.
D. He is aware of his disadvantages.
6. Why could the author get the job as a narrator
A. He was specifically invited.
B. He applied for it in person.
C. He loved reading bedtime stories.
D. He had a big crowd of fans.
7. What does the author think of being a narrator
A. Demanding but enjoyable.
B. Risky but fruitful.
C. Tiring but stress-free.
D. Boring but rewarding.
C
People who give, live longer, studies have shown. Now, a new study by University of Michigan shows that why people volunteer—not whether they volunteer—is what really counts.
For the study Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people. Overall, they found that just 2.3 percent of those who once worked as volunteers had died, compared to 4.3 percent of non-volunteers. They further found that how much people volunteered mattered as well—only 1.8 percent of regular volunteers died, compared with 2.5 percent of occasional volunteers.
But what really made a difference were people’s motives for volunteering. The researchers asked people to rate how important they found various reasons for volunteering, and they found that the more important people rated reasons such as feeling pity for people in need, the more likely they were to be alive. Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died, and just as likely to die as those who didn’t volunteer at all. These reasons included volunteering because they enjoyed the social contact, to escape their own problems, or to explore their own strengths.
Konrath says the current findings suggest it may be a poor idea to encourage people to volunteer because it’s good for them. “Volunteering is increasingly being encouraged in schools and organizations. Some groups say that it’s okay to want benefits for yourself, and encourage people to think of volunteering as an exchange for personal interests. Some groups emphasize the health benefits received through volunteering.” Konrath added, “Of course, it’s reasonable for volunteers to expect benefits for themselves. But the potential health benefits of volunteering are significantly reduced if self-benefit becomes a person’s main motive.”
8. What does the new study mainly find
A. How we volunteer makes sense to others. B. How often we volunteer makes a difference.
C. Whether we volunteer decides our well-being. D. Why we volunteer has an impact on our health.
9. How did the researchers do the study
A. By analyzing statistics. B. By rating volunteers’ performances.
C. By doing lab experiments. D. By grouping participants randomly.
10. Which of the following motives will probably contribute to a longer life
A. To develop abilities. B. To make more friends.
C. To help the poor people. D. To solve personal problems.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Practical suggestions on further studies. B. A further explanation of the current findings.
C. Potential applications of the research method. D. A reasonable doubt about the research results.
D
You jerk(猛然一动)awake in the middle of the night in confusion. Is there a figure standing in the corner of the room Your brain begs your legs to move, but nothing happens. The anxiety increases. Your eyes scan the room. Just as you’re about to hit peak panic, you sit up and the figure disappears.
You’ve just experienced sleep paralysis(瘫痪), which is the name experts give to all sorts of weird things that occur during sleep. It happens when the brain temporarily disables the body to prevent it from acting out the vivid dreams occurring during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. It often comes with a feeling of immobility, and a sense of choking. The good news is, it’s absolutely normal, even if it’s terrifying.
But when sleep paralysis happens outside of deep sleep—when a person is just dozing off—it can be “disruptive of the architecture of sleep,” said Baland Jalal, a researcher who investigates the phenomenon. That could lead to more sleep paralysis.
While not everyone who has sleep paralysis experiences hallucinations(幻觉), seeing a person or a ghost in the room is the most common vision, said Jalal. The mechanisms behind sleep paralysis remain unclear, but research indicates that certain risk factors may increase the likelihood of experiencing a jerk, including extreme exercise before sleep, inadequate sleep, emotional stress and worry, and excessive stimulant consumption (like caffeine and nicotine), especially later in the day.
“For most people, it is not indicative of any kind of disease. If you are really worried about it, regular sleep and other simple relaxation techniques, like meditation, deep breathing and yoga, may help,” said Dr. Nathaniel Watson, president of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. While the experience feels frightening, the episodes last only a few seconds or minutes at most. Most people slip out of it as quickly as they fell into it, he said.
12 What is sleep paralysis
A. A frightening dream that interrupts sleep.
B. A physical symptom of anxiety disorders.
C. A mental disease that affects sleep quality.
D. A brief state of being conscious but frozen.
13. What do people who have sleep paralysis often experience
A. Involuntary cough. B. Unreal sensation.
C. Sharpened vision. D. Sustained immobility.
14. What does Dr. Nathaniel Watson say about sleep paralysis
A. It is caused by inadequate sleep. B. It can be a warning signal of diseases.
C. It is a temporary disturbing experience. D. It can be prevented by extreme exercise.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Common Myths About Sleep Paralysis
B. Sleep Paralysis: How It Affects Sleep Patterns
C. Ways to Prevent and Cope with Sleep Paralysis
D. Sleep Paralysis: Why We Jerk Awake and Can’t Move
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anger is the most destructive emotion. When you are in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret reckless language spoken without thought.____16____Here are some ways that you can combat the causes of anger.
____17____You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you both frustrated and angry. Often, there might be an excellent reason why a person acted in away that you found unacceptable.
Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.____18____Neither will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation.
Reacting angrily is a hard habit to break. The trick is to avoid reacting when faced with a situation that usually angers. Anger is a negative reaction, but in this type of situation, there is no value in reacting by forming positive thoughts.____19____This way,your anger will not get the emotional food it needs to survive.
Don’t take the easy way when you get angry. We all get tempted to throw something, hit something, or scream when we are angry. You might say you feel better after an angry outburst, but that is just the after-effect of the adrenalin (肾上腺素) your body released while you were angry. A reaction like that is the easy way. It is much harder to stay calm, to walk away from conflict, or to take a deep breath and act normally. ____20____
A. Stop trying to manage your anger.
B. What can be done to control anger
C. You need to learn not to respond at all.
D. That, however, is what you must do if you are to stop anger.
E. You need to change your attitude to the way the world works.
F. Taking positive steps will help you overcome feelings of anger.
G. Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at ____21____. As for me, I ____22____ both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together was really unforgettable. It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and ____23____ Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the ____24____ lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything went well with the tiller（舵柄）in his hands. When we were in the middle of the lake, a strong wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit ____25____. Dad was always at his best in any ____26____, but at this moment he ____27____.
“John! ____28____!” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any ____29____. He was the one I always ____30____ for strength and security.
Before I could respond, a wave of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller ____31____ it was too late. Another huge wall of water ____32____ the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely ____33____ of him.
I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船壳）of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of ____34____. “It’s all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start ____35____ for my father.
21. A. boating B. running C. swimming D. teaching
22. A. enjoyed B. desired C. hated D. learned
23. A. sent B. ordered C. invited D. allowed
24. A. calm B. icy C. stormy D. thundery
25. A. repeatedly B. lightly C. hardly D. violently
26. A. danger B. place C. sport D. job
27. A. suffered B. fell C. froze D. quit
28. A. Look B. Help C. Run D. Jump
29. A. problem B. relationship C. machine D. boat
30. A. turned to B. lived with C. argued with D. objected to
31. A. if B. for C. after D. but
32 A. got through B. poured into C. turned over D. lifted up
33. A. ashamed B. protective C. tired D. afraid
34. A. pain B. anger C. fear D. shame
35. A. making up B. getting ready C. paying off D. looking out
第Ⅱ卷
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hangzhou Asian Games were opened on September 23, 2023, drawing worldwide attention. They are not only a grand sports event, ____36____ a cultural feast that displays the diversity and harmony of Asia.
One of ____37____ (impressive) cultural activities is the Asian Games Aesthetics （美学）. It covers six categories：visual arts, literature, music, dance, drama, and film. The works ____38____ (display) in different places and platforms, such as museums, galleries, theaters, cinemas, and online media. Another remarkable cultural activity is the Asian Games Memories, which is ____39____ collection of stories ____40____ (record) the history and development of the Asian Games. The Asian Games Memories invites the public ____41____ (share) their personal experiences and memories of the previous Games, and to express ____42____ (they) expectations and wishes for the future of the Games. The Asian Games Memories also features interviews ____43____ some of the legendary athletes and officials who have participated in the Games.
Known as the world’s largest sporting gala, the Hangzhou Asian Games serve as a platform for the athletes to compete. Most importantly, it’s a stage for people’s communication and ____44____ (interact) .The Hangzhou Asian Games are a beautiful gathering of nations,____45____ the spirit of Asia is celebrated and the dream of Asia is realized.
第四部分 课本知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请填入适当的单词（1个）或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. It’s a challenge for me to ______ (memory) 50 new words per day. （所给词的适当形式填空）
47. The activity ______ (intend) to promote sales turned out to be a success. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48. ______ (original), I made up my mind to go abroad for further study. （所给词的适当形式填空）
49. Martin Luther King fought for the ______ (free) and equality of the black. （所给词的适当形式填空）
50. With the problem ________ (settle), he went home happily. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
51. Ι______ (wrap) the package and was shocked to discover what was inside. （所给词的适当形式填空）
52. Some theme parks try to teach people about an ______ (advance) scientific idea like Futuroscope in France. （所给词的适当形式填空）
53. It is reported that the workers are ______ strike for a pay rise. （用适当的词填空）
54. Listening to music can make people feel less ______ (anxiety) or, lonely. （所给词的适当形式填空）
55. A certain sleeping position shows that the sleeper tends ______ (seek) perfection. （所给词的适当形式填空）
56. LEGO, a ______ (power) brand in the world, enjoys great popularity. （所给词的适当形式填空）
57. Tears came to my eyes as I realized ______ a fool I had been to judge Jim’s father as a failure. （用适当的词填空）
58. The doctor made a judgement that the boy would make a quick ______ (recover). (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. It is ______ (amaze) that Jia Ling was able to lose 50 kilograms within a year. （所给词的适当形式填空）
60. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and ______ (deliver) newspapers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
61. The house is more than twenty meters long and ________ (measure) six meters in width. (所给词的适当形式填空）
62. It is ______ (benefit) to listen to other people’s advice, but eventually you must believe in your own judgement. （所给词的适当形式填空）
63. ______ (replace) the flat tyre with a new one and move on. （所给词的适当形式填空）
64. Generally speaking, the salary ______ (variety) with the experience of the employee. （所给词的适当形式填空）
65. As Karl Marx says, “Those ______ make most people happy are the happiest people in the world.” （用适当的词填空）
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
66. 假定你是李华，近期你校成立了“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部。你的美国朋友Tom对中国文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他加入该俱乐部。内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．俱乐部活动内容；
3．表达期待。
注意：1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．参考词汇：孔子Confucius；孔子思想Confucianism；
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua哈师大附中2023级高一下学期开学考试英语试卷
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man dislike about the shirt
A．The material. B．The design. C．The color.
2．What will the speakers do next
A．Go to the cleaner’s. B．Do some shopping. C．Visit Jim.
3．Where is the woman catch a connecting train
A．In Liverpool. B．In Bermingham. C．In London.
4．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Interviewer and interviewee.
B．Boss and secretary.
C．Colleagues.
5．What are the speakers talking about
A．The horrible weather. B．A late bus. C．A challenging job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What did the woman do
A．She watched a show B．She acted in a play. C．She tried out for the lead role.
7．What does the man think of John’s performance
A．Dull. B．Natural. C．Surprising.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．When will the man sigh up for the study group
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday.
9．What does the woman suggest the man do about the session
A．Decide on a subject. B．Show up on time. C．Review the lesson.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is the woman’s opinion on Tim’s Cafe
A．Top quality. B．Below average. C．Surprisingly bad.
11．What is the man responsible for at the new job
A．Analyzing data online.
B．Receiving customers’ orders.
C．Entering information into a computer.
12．What does the woman invite the man to do
A．Have a burger. B．Play basketball. C．Go snowboarding.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why is the man meeting the woman
A．To get treatment for his sensitivity.
B．To have a health check-up.
C．To buy some medicine.
14．How does the man keep his weight down
A．By avoiding junk. B．By eating less. C．By working out.
15．What could Julie probably be
A．A doctor. B．A nurse. C．A chemist.
16．What does the woman advise the man to do
A．Cut down on salt intake.
B．Check his blood pressure.
C．Go on a diet.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where is Baxter’s Hardware Store
A．At the entrance. B．Next to a bakery. C．Across from Kay’s.
18．What is the Carter’s
A．A supermarket. B．A chemist shop. C．An electronics store.
19．What do we know about the Gibson’s Mall
A．It opens daily.
B．It charges for parking.
C．It has a roof garden for children.
20．Why is the talk given
A．To attract more customers.
B．To encourage local investment.
C．To recommend recreational activities.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
When it comes to hiking, Greece has something for every kind of walker. The mainland boasts (拥有)well-maintained routes, while on the country’s islands you’ll find ancient paths dating back to Byzantine times connecting sleepy villages with beautiful sandy coves (小海湾). Here’s our pick of Greece’s best hikes.
Samaria Gorge(峡谷), Crete
16 kilometers(10 miles), 4 hours
Hiking the 16-kilometer Samaria Gorge is considered one of Crete’s must-do experiences, which is why you’ll rarely be without company. Nevertheless, there’s an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria, where vertical (垂直的) walls soar up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point (150 meters at the broadest).
The hike begins at 1,230 meters at Xyloskalo just south of Omalos and ends in the coastal village of Agia Roumeli. It’s especially scenic in April and May, when wildflowers brighten the route.
Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia
8 kilometers(5 miles), 3 to 4 hours
The summit of Mt Ohi (Profitis Ilias; 1,398 m), lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is crowned by mysterious ancient dragon houses: 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. From Myli, it’s an 8-kilometer hike to the summit (three to four hours).
It’s possible to stay overnight at the 1,000-meter-high refuge then hike up Mt Ohi to catch the sunrise(30 minutes), which makes for a magical experience. Contact South Evia Tours or Evia Adventure Tours for details.
Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece
14 kilometers (9 miles), 3 to 4 hours
This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece.
The hike starts from the E4 long-distance starting point 100 meters east of the Hotel Acropole. Skirting the village of Crissa, it goes to the gulf (海湾) through Greece’s largest olive garden. After your three-to-four-hour hike, and lunch or a swim, you can return to Delphi by bus (around 2 euros).
Hike to the Tomb of Kleobolus, Rhodes
5 kilometers(3 miles), 2 hours
An easy, enjoyable 5-kilometer(two-hour)round-trip hike escapes Lindos to reach the so-called Tomb of Kleobolus. Starting alongside Car Park 1 above the main beach, the route ends at a rocky hill topped by a circular tomb actually built during the 2nd century BC, long after Kleobolus ruled Rhodes.
1. What is the raw beauty of Samaria
A High and narrow gorges. B. Magical sunset.
C. Wildflowers throughout the year. D. Mysterious large rocks.
2. What will visitors see during the Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia
A. Ancient buildings. B. Evia’s highest peak.
C. A circular tomb. D. Greece’s largest olive garden.
3. What can we learn about the Delphi to Kirra Walk
A. It lets visitors experience the modern world of Greece.
B. Visitors are recommended to get back to Delphi by ship.
C. The route connects two places with a long history.
D. It is a challenging route through a rocky hill.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了希腊四个适合徒步旅行的旅游景点和路线。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Samaria Gorge(峡谷), Crete部分中“Nevertheless, there’s an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria, where vertical (垂直的) walls soar up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point(150 meters at the broadest). (然而，撒玛利亚有一种不可否认的原始之美，那里的垂直墙壁高达500米，最窄的地方只有3.5米(最宽的地方有150米)。)”可知，撒玛利亚有一种不可否认的原始之美即又高又窄的峡谷。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia部分中“The summit of Mt Ohi (Profitis Ilias; 1,398 m), lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is crowned by mysterious ancient dragon houses: 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. (Ohi山的顶峰(Profittis Ilias—1398米高，是埃维亚的第三高峰，游客较少，被神秘的古代龙屋所覆盖：公元前7世纪的建筑，由重达数吨的岩石制成。)”可知，此处有被神秘的古代龙屋所覆盖：公元前7世纪的建筑，由重达数吨的岩石制成。故对古代建筑感兴趣的游客们可以选在此处徒步旅行。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece部分中“This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece. (这条14公里的下坡徒步旅行沿着一条数百年历史的小路，从历史悠久的德尔菲到古老的港口基拉，就在希腊大陆南部海岸的现代伊特亚以东。)”可知，这条路线连接了两个历史悠久的地方即历史悠久的德尔菲到古老的港口基拉。故选C。
B
Today, I’ve been recording an audiobook. I am excited that I have realized my life-long dream.
I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.
This was all handy background for my career in broadcasting. But, much as I enjoy hosting shows and interviewing people, I often find myself missing the simple pleasures of reading out loud. I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice. Non-fiction, then, seemed the obvious target, but I felt that such books were best read by their original authors. If it were authors’ own voice, their stories would touch me.
Recently, delivering my son’s nightly bedtime story has reawakened my love for reading out loud — highlights so far have included Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Charlotte’s Web. But I never thought I’d get the opportunity to do it professionally.
Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, writer of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.
So, I’ve spent this week in a studio, simply reading stuff out loud. And I’m LOVING IT!
Mind you, it’s an entirely unexpected experience. It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath. I’ve also learned how many words I’ve been mispronouncing my entire life: behavioural is BE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL, not BE-HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL.
Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.
4. What does the author want to show by mentioning his experiences at school
A. The power of dreaming.
B. His love for reading aloud.
C. The impact of schooling.
D. His talent for reading.
5. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3
A. He regrets being a TV host.
B. He has no taste for non-fiction.
C. He has rich acting experience.
D. He is aware of his disadvantages.
6. Why could the author get the job as a narrator
A. He was specifically invited.
B He applied for it in person.
C. He loved reading bedtime stories.
D. He had a big crowd of fans.
7. What does the author think of being a narrator
A. Demanding but enjoyable.
B. Risky but fruitful.
C. Tiring but stress-free.
D. Boring but rewarding.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢朗读，成为朗读者是他的梦想。作者的坚持最终让他获得了成为专业朗读者的机会。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encouraged to select and present a reading at “morning talk”, I often added my name to the list.(我永远不会忘记上小学时，我总是屏息以待，等着轮到我朗读面前的一段名著。在我上中学的时候，当学校鼓励学生在“晨间谈话”中选择并朗读一篇阅读材料时，我经常把自己的名字加到名单上)”可知，作者小学时，经常期待着能轮到自己阅读作品，在中学时经常把自己的名字添加到朗读者的名单中，由此推知，作者提及在上学期间的经历是为了表明自己对朗读的热爱。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I’d thought about putting myself forward as a narrator for audiobooks. But I’m not an actor. I can’t do regional accents or play female voice.(我曾想过让自己成为有声读物的旁白。但我不是演员。我不会讲地方口音，也不会扮演女声)”可知，作者意识到自己还有很多的不足。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, author of End State, a forthcoming book about political ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.(然后，上个月，詹姆斯·普伦基特联系了我，他是即将出版的一本关于政治理念的书《终结状态》的作者。他不想大声朗读他的书，但作为我的节目的粉丝，他认为我可能会做得不错)”可知，作者受到《终结状态》的作者詹姆斯·普伦基特的专门邀请，所以成为一名朗读者的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It’s disheartening when the recording needs to be stopped because I’ve just carelessly skipped over a “the”, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath.(当我不小心跳过了一个“the”，或者不得不清嗓子，或者喘口气时，录音需要停止，这是令人沮丧的)”可知，在录制过程中出现一点点问题都会重新录制，说明这种工作要求很高，结合尾段中的“Though tackling this 339-page book doesn’t turn out to be that easy, I’ve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.(虽然处理这本339页的书并不容易，但我发现整个过程很棒，希望这成为许多书中的第一)”可知，作者觉得尽管不是容易，但是这个过程感觉很棒。由此推知，作者认为当朗读者是一份要求高但令人愉快的工作。故选A项。
C
People who give, live longer, studies have shown. Now, a new study by University of Michigan shows that why people volunteer—not whether they volunteer—is what really counts.
For the study, Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people. Overall, they found that just 2.3 percent of those who once worked as volunteers had died, compared to 4.3 percent of non-volunteers. They further found that how much people volunteered mattered as well—only 1.8 percent of regular volunteers died, compared with 2.5 percent of occasional volunteers.
But what really made a difference were people’s motives for volunteering. The researchers asked people to rate how important they found various reasons for volunteering, and they found that the more important people rated reasons such as feeling pity for people in need, the more likely they were to be alive. Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died, and just as likely to die as those who didn’t volunteer at all. These reasons included volunteering because they enjoyed the social contact, to escape their own problems, or to explore their own strengths.
Konrath says the current findings suggest it may be a poor idea to encourage people to volunteer because it’s good for them. “Volunteering is increasingly being encouraged in schools and organizations. Some groups say that it’s okay to want benefits for yourself, and encourage people to think of volunteering as an exchange for personal interests. Some groups emphasize the health benefits received through volunteering.” Konrath added, “Of course, it’s reasonable for volunteers to expect benefits for themselves. But the potential health benefits of volunteering are significantly reduced if self-benefit becomes a person’s main motive.”
8. What does the new study mainly find
A. How we volunteer makes sense to others. B. How often we volunteer makes a difference.
C. Whether we volunteer decides our well-being. D. Why we volunteer has an impact on our health.
9. How did the researchers do the study
A. By analyzing statistics. B. By rating volunteers’ performances.
C. By doing lab experiments. D. By grouping participants randomly.
10. Which of the following motives will probably contribute to a longer life
A. To develop abilities. B. To make more friends.
C. To help the poor people. D. To solve personal problems.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Practical suggestions on further studies. B. A further explanation of the current findings.
C. Potential applications of the research method. D. A reasonable doubt about the research results.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即人们做志愿的动机影响着人们的健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“People who give, live longer, studies have shown. Now, a new study by University of Michigan shows that why people volunteer—not whether they volunteer—is what really counts.(研究表明，乐于奉献的人寿命更长。现在，密歇根大学的一项新研究表明，真正重要的是人们为什么要做志愿者，而不是他们是否做志愿者)”可知，研究发现人们为什么自愿（做志愿者）、而不是是否做志愿者，才是真正重要的东西；第二段“For the study, Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people. Overall, they found that just 2.3 percent of those who once worked as volunteers had died, compared to 4.3 percent of non-volunteers. They further found that how much people volunteered mattered as well—only 1.8 percent of regular volunteers died, compared with 2.5 percent of occasional volunteers.(在这项研究中，康拉斯和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的数据，这些数据是针对3376人的随机样本。总的来说，他们发现，曾经做过志愿者的人中，只有2.3%的人去世了，而非志愿者的这一比例为4.3%。他们进一步发现，志愿者的数量也很重要——只有1.8%的定期志愿者死亡，而临时志愿者的死亡率为2.5%)”主要说明了志愿者比不做志愿的活得更长；第三段“But what really made a difference were people’s motives for volunteering. The researchers asked people to rate how important they found various reasons for volunteering, and they found that the more important people rated reasons such as feeling pity for people in need, the more likely they were to be alive. Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died, and just as likely to die as those who didn’t volunteer at all. These reasons included volunteering because they enjoyed the social contact, to escape their own problems, or to explore their own strengths.(但真正起作用的是人们志愿服务的动机。研究人员让人们对他们认为的各种志愿活动原因的重要性进行打分，结果发现，那些认为对有需要的人感到同情等原因越重要的人，他们活下来的可能性就越大。那些认为与个人利益相关的动机更重要的人更有可能死亡，而且和那些根本不做志愿者的人一样。这些原因包括志愿活动是因为他们喜欢社会接触，逃避自己的问题，或探索自己的优势)”说明了人们志愿服务的动机影响着死亡率，综合这三段可知人们为什么做志愿者是对自己的健康有影响的。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“For the study, Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people. Overall, they found that just 2.3 percent of those who once worked as volunteers had died, compared to 4.3 percent of non-volunteers. They further found that how much people volunteered mattered as well—only 1.8 percent of regular volunteers died, compared with 2.5 percent of occasional volunteers.(在这项研究中，康拉斯和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的数据，这些数据是针对3376人的随机样本。总的来说，他们发现，曾经做过志愿者的人中，只有2.3%的人去世了，而非志愿者的这一比例为4.3%。他们进一步发现，志愿者的数量也很重要——只有1.8%的定期志愿者死亡，而临时志愿者的死亡率为2.5%)”提到研究人员分析了2008和2012年针对3376人的相同随机样本收集的数据，同时这一段也列举了实验中的诸多数据，比如2.3%、4.3%等等，这就说明研究人员是通过统计分析数据来进行这项研究的。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died, and just as likely to die as those who didn’t volunteer at all.(那些认为与个人利益相关的动机更重要的人更有可能死亡，而且和那些根本不做志愿者的人一样)”可知，如果这个人的志愿服务的动机是为了自己的利益，那么他的死亡率和那些不做志愿的人是一样的，因此我们应该选择“为别人利益”的选项，因此C“帮助穷人”符合这一条件。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Konrath says the current findings suggest it may be a poor idea to encourage people to volunteer because it’s good for them. “Volunteering is increasingly being encouraged in schools and organizations. Some groups say that it’s okay to want benefits for yourself, and encourage people to think of volunteering as an exchange for personal interests. Some groups emphasize the health benefits received through volunteering.” Konrath added, “Of course, it’s reasonable for volunteers to expect benefits for themselves. But the potential health benefits of volunteering are significantly reduced if self-benefit becomes a person’s main motive.”(康拉斯说，目前的研究结果表明，鼓励人们做志愿者可能不是一个好主意，因为这对他们有好处。“志愿服务在学校和组织中越来越受到鼓励。一些团体认为，为自己谋取利益是可以的，并鼓励人们将志愿服务视为个人利益的交换。一些团体强调通过志愿服务获得的健康益处。”康拉特补充说：“当然，志愿者期望自己得到好处是合理的。但如果一个人的主要动机是自我利益，那么志愿服务的潜在健康益处就会大大降低。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲对当前发现的进一步解释。故选B。
D
You jerk(猛然一动)awake in the middle of the night in confusion. Is there a figure standing in the corner of the room Your brain begs your legs to move, but nothing happens. The anxiety increases. Your eyes scan the room. Just as you’re about to hit peak panic, you sit up and the figure disappears.
You’ve just experienced sleep paralysis(瘫痪), which is the name experts give to all sorts of weird things that occur during sleep. It happens when the brain temporarily disables the body to prevent it from acting out the vivid dreams occurring during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. It often comes with a feeling of immobility, and a sense of choking. The good news is, it’s absolutely normal, even if it’s terrifying.
But when sleep paralysis happens outside of deep sleep—when a person is just dozing off—it can be “disruptive of the architecture of sleep,” said Baland Jalal, a researcher who investigates the phenomenon. That could lead to more sleep paralysis.
While not everyone who has sleep paralysis experiences hallucinations(幻觉), seeing a person or a ghost in the room is the most common vision, said Jalal. The mechanisms behind sleep paralysis remain unclear, but research indicates that certain risk factors may increase the likelihood of experiencing a jerk, including extreme exercise before sleep, inadequate sleep, emotional stress and worry, and excessive stimulant consumption (like caffeine and nicotine), especially later in the day.
“For most people, it is not indicative of any kind of disease. If you are really worried about it, regular sleep and other simple relaxation techniques, like meditation, deep breathing and yoga, may help,” said Dr. Nathaniel Watson, president of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. While the experience feels frightening, the episodes last only a few seconds or minutes at most. Most people slip out of it as quickly as they fell into it, he said.
12. What is sleep paralysis
A. A frightening dream that interrupts sleep.
B. A physical symptom of anxiety disorders.
C. A mental disease that affects sleep quality.
D. A brief state of being conscious but frozen.
13. What do people who have sleep paralysis often experience
A. Involuntary cough. B. Unreal sensation.
C. Sharpened vision. D. Sustained immobility.
14. What does Dr. Nathaniel Watson say about sleep paralysis
A It is caused by inadequate sleep. B. It can be a warning signal of diseases.
C. It is a temporary disturbing experience. D. It can be prevented by extreme exercise.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Common Myths About Sleep Paralysis
B. Sleep Paralysis: How It Affects Sleep Patterns
C. Ways to Prevent and Cope with Sleep Paralysis
D. Sleep Paralysis: Why We Jerk Awake and Can’t Move
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了睡眠瘫痪这一现象，睡眠瘫痪是一段在睡眠时发生的清醒却不能移动的感觉，分析出现睡眠瘫痪的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You’ve just experienced sleep paralysis(瘫痪), which is the name experts give to all sorts of weird things that occur during sleep. It happens when the brain temporarily disables the body to prevent it from acting out the vivid dreams occurring during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. It often comes with a feeling of immobility, and a sense of choking. The good news is, it’s absolutely normal, even if it’s terrifying.(你刚刚经历了睡眠瘫痪，这是专家给睡眠中发生的各种奇怪的事情起的名字。当大脑暂时使身体失去功能，以防止它在REM睡眠期间发生生动的梦时，就会发生这种情况。它通常伴随着一种不动的感觉，和一种窒息的感觉。好消息是，这是绝对正常的，即使这很可怕。)”可知，睡眠瘫痪是一种有意识的但僵住的短暂状态。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“You jerk(猛然一动)awake in the middle of the night in confusion. Is there a figure standing in the corner of the room Your brain begs your legs to move, but nothing happens. The anxiety increases. Your eyes scan the room. Just as you’re about to hit peak panic, you sit up and the figure disappears.( 你会在半夜莫名其妙地惊醒。房间的角落里站着一个人影吗 你的大脑让你的腿动起来，但什么也没发生。焦虑加剧。你的眼睛扫视着房间。就在你即将达到恐慌的顶峰时，你坐起来，那个身影消失了)”可知，经历睡眠瘫痪的人会有不真实的感觉。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的““For most people, it is not indicative of any kind of disease. If you are really worried about it, regular sleep and other simple relaxation techniques, like meditation, deep breathing and yoga, may help,” said Dr. Nathaniel Watson, president of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (“对大多数人来说，这并不意味着任何疾病。如果你真的担心这个问题，有规律的睡眠和其他简单的放松技巧，比如冥想、深呼吸和瑜伽，可能会有所帮助，”美国睡眠医学学会主席纳撒尼尔·沃森博士说)”可知，纳撒尼尔·沃森博士认为睡眠瘫痪不是疾病，只是短暂地令人不安的经历。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“You’ve just experienced sleep paralysis(瘫痪), which is the name experts give to all sorts of weird things that occur during sleep. It happens when the brain temporarily disables the body to prevent it from acting out the vivid dreams occurring during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. It often comes with a feeling of immobility, and a sense of choking. The good news is, it’s absolutely normal, even if it’s terrifying.(你刚刚经历了睡眠瘫痪，这是专家给睡眠中发生的各种奇怪的事情起的名字。当大脑暂时使身体失去功能，以防止它在REM睡眠期间发生生动的梦时，就会发生这种情况。它通常伴随着一种不动的感觉，和一种窒息的感觉。好消息是，这是绝对正常的，即使这很可怕。)”以及下文的分析可知，本文讲述了睡眠瘫痪这一现象，睡眠瘫痪是一段在睡眠时发生的清醒却不能移动的感觉，分析出现睡眠瘫痪的原因。因此推断D项“睡眠瘫痪：为什么我们会突然醒来却不能动”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anger is the most destructive emotion. When you are in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret reckless language spoken without thought.____16____Here are some ways that you can combat the causes of anger.
____17____You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you both frustrated and angry. Often, there might be an excellent reason why a person acted in away that you found unacceptable.
Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.____18____Neither will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation.
Reacting angrily is a hard habit to break. The trick is to avoid reacting when faced with a situation that usually angers. Anger is a negative reaction, but in this type of situation, there is no value in reacting by forming positive thoughts.____19____This way,your anger will not get the emotional food it needs to survive.
Don’t take the easy way when you get angry. We all get tempted to throw something, hit something, or scream when we are angry. You might say you feel better after an angry outburst, but that is just the after-effect of the adrenalin (肾上腺素) your body released while you were angry. A reaction like that is the easy way. It is much harder to stay calm, to walk away from conflict, or to take a deep breath and act normally. ____20____
A. Stop trying to manage your anger.
B. What can be done to control anger
C. You need to learn not to respond at all.
D. That, however, is what you must do if you are to stop anger.
E. You need to change your attitude to the way the world works.
F. Taking positive steps will help you overcome feelings of anger.
G. Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种可以帮助对抗愤怒的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Anger is the most destructive emotion. When you are in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret reckless language spoken without thought.(愤怒是最具破坏性的情绪。当你脾气不好的时候，你会草率地做出你可能会后悔的决定。你也会后悔不经思考就说出鲁莽的语言)”以及后文“Here are some ways that you can combat the causes of anger.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你克服愤怒的根源)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由生气的坏处过渡到如何克服愤怒，所以B项“What can be done to control anger (怎样才能控制愤怒呢 )”符合文意。故选B项。
【17题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，所以根据后文“You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you both frustrated and angry. Often, there might be an excellent reason why a person acted in away that you found unacceptable.(你必须接受有时事情会出错，人们并不总是可爱的。试着接受别人的行为方式会让你既沮丧又生气。通常，可能会有一个很好的理由来解释为什么一个人的行为让你无法接受)”可知，本段主要讲述了你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度，所以E项“You need to change your attitude to the way the world works.(你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度)”符合文意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.(意识到人无完人是避免生气的好开始)”以及后文“Neither will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation.(他们的行为也不会和你在特定情况下的行为一样)”可知，本段主要讲述了，不要用自己的标准去看待他人，所以G项“Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you.(此外，你需要接受并不是每个人都有和你一样的标准)”符合本段主题。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Reacting angrily is a hard habit to break. The trick is to avoid reacting when faced with a situation that usually angers. Anger is a negative reaction, but in this type of situation, there is no value in reacting by forming positive thoughts.(愤怒是一个很难改掉的习惯。诀窍是在面对通常令人愤怒的情况时避免做出反应。愤怒是一种消极的反应，但在这种情况下，形成积极的想法是没有价值的)”可知，本段主要讲述了不要在愤怒的情况下做出反应，所以C项“You need to learn not to respond at all.(你要学会完全不回应)”符合本段主题。故选C项。
【20题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Don’t take the easy way when you get angry. We all get tempted to throw something, hit something, or scream when we are angry. You might say you feel better after an angry outburst, but that is just the after-effect of the adrenalin (肾上腺素) your body released while you were angry. A reaction like that is the easy way. It is much harder to stay calm, to walk away from conflict, or to take a deep breath and act normally.(当你生气的时候，不要轻易就范。当我们生气的时候，我们都会想要扔东西，打东西，或者尖叫。你可能会说你在生气后感觉好多了，但那只是你生气时身体释放的肾上腺素的后遗症。这样的反应很简单。要想保持冷静，远离冲突，或者深呼吸，正常行事，都要困难得多)”可知，D项“That, however, is what you must do if you are to stop anger.(然而，如果你要停止愤怒，那就是你必须做的)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，总结前文。故选D项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at ____21____. As for me, I ____22____ both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together was really unforgettable. It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and ____23____ Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the ____24____ lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything went well with the tiller（舵柄）in his hands. When we were in the middle of the lake, a strong wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit ____25____. Dad was always at his best in any ____26____, but at this moment he ____27____.
“John! ____28____!” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any ____29____. He was the one I always ____30____ for strength and security.
Before I could respond, a wave of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller ____31____ it was too late. Another huge wall of water ____32____ the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely ____33____ of him.
I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船壳）of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of ____34____. “It’s all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start ____35____ for my father.
21. A. boating B. running C. swimming D. teaching
22. A. enjoyed B. desired C. hated D. learned
23. A. sent B. ordered C. invited D. allowed
24. A. calm B. icy C. stormy D. thundery
25. A. repeatedly B. lightly C. hardly D. violently
26. A. danger B. place C. sport D. job
27. A. suffered B. fell C. froze D. quit
28. A. Look B. Help C. Run D. Jump
29. A. problem B. relationship C. machine D. boat
30. A. turned to B. lived with C. argued with D. objected to
31. A. if B. for C. after D. but
32. A. got through B. poured into C. turned over D. lifted up
33. A. ashamed B. protective C. tired D. afraid
34. A. pain B. anger C. fear D. shame
35. A. making up B. getting ready C. paying off D. looking out
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者的记忆里爸爸无所不能，可是一次难忘的航行却让作者有了新的发现——原来父亲也需要别人的帮助的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸很擅长航海，但不擅长游泳。A. boating划船；B. running跑；C. swimming游泳；D. teaching教。根据后文“I swam to Dad（我游向爸爸）”，可推知，父亲精通航海术，却不会游泳。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于我，因为住在安大略湖附近，所以我在12岁之前就学会了这两个。A. enjoyed享受；B. desired渴望；C. hated讨厌；D. learned学会。根据下文讲述作者陪父亲一同去航海经历，而且还救了落水的父亲，可知作者在很小的时候就学会了航海和游泳。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，邀请爸爸去航海。A. sent发送；派遣；B. ordered命令；C. invited邀请；D. allowed同意。根据上文“The last time Dad and I set sail together was really unforgettable.（我和爸爸最后一次一起扬帆起航真是太难忘了。）”可知接下来的内容叙述了作者跟其父亲一起去航海的经历。根据下文“Dad hadn’t sailed for years（父亲好多年没有去航海了）”可知作者在大学毕业回家后，邀请父亲一同前往，去航海。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就在平静的湖面上出发了。A. calm平静的；B. icy冷淡的；C. stormy暴风雨的；D. thundery打雷的。根据下文“When we were in the middle of the lake, a strong wind came all of a sudden. ”可知，作者他们到了湖心，突然起风。可以推断，出发的时候应该是风平浪静的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：船被猛烈地撞了一下。A. repeatedly重复地；B. lightly轻快地；C. hardly几乎不；D. violently猛烈地。根据上文“a strong wind came all of a sudden.”可知，突然刮来一阵大风，可以推断此处为船被猛烈撞击。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。但此时他却僵住了。A. danger危险；B. place地方；C. sport运动；D. job工作。根据上文“When we were in the middle of the lake, a strong wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit 5 （当我们在湖中央时，突然刮起了大风。船被猛地撞了一下。）”提到船在湖中央时，突然刮来一阵大风，暗示此时作者和爸爸遇到了危险。可推知，此处指在作者记忆中，父亲应该是能处理好一切的险情，爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。但此时他却僵住了。A. suffered遭受；B. fell跌倒；C. froze冻结； D. quit退出。根据后文“he shouted in a trembling voice（他用颤抖的声音喊道）”，可以推断，父亲是害怕了，身体僵硬住。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“约翰! 救命!”他用颤抖的声音喊道，手里还握着舵柄。A. Look看；B. Help救命；C. Run跑；D. Jump跳。根据前文“a strong wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit 5 （当我们在湖中央时，突然刮起了大风。船被猛地撞了一下。）”暗示作者和爸爸遇到了危险；下文“he shouted in a trembling voice（他用颤抖的声音喊道）”可推知，父亲害怕了，自己不能处理这一切了，当然是向作者求救，希望作者帮他一把。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的记忆中，他能解决任何问题。A. problem问题；B. relationship关系；C. machine机器；D. boat船。根据后文“That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency.那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻指望着我。）”可知，这是作者父亲第一次依靠作者，可以推断，此处为在作者的记忆中，爸爸可以解决任何“问题”。故选A项。
30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他是我寻求力量和安全感的人。A. turned to求教于；求助于；B. lived with与……生活在一起；C. argued with与……争论；D. objected to反对。根据前文“In my memory he could fix any 9 （在我的记忆中，他可以解决任何）”及后文“for strength and security（力量和安全感）”可知，因为作者相信爸爸能够解决任何问题，所以总是向他寻求力量和庇护。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我冲向舵柄，但已经太迟了。A. if如果；B. for因为；C. after 之后；D. but但是。根据下文中的“We were thrown into the water（我们被水墙打入水中）”提到作者和爸爸被抛进了水中，可以推断，尽管作者冲向舵柄，但是已经太迟了。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一分钟后，另一堵巨大的水墙把船掀翻了。A. got through耗尽；顺利通过（考试等）；B. poured into倒入；C. turned over打翻；D. lifted up举起。下一句“We were thrown into the water（我们被水墙打入水中）”提到作者和爸爸被抛进了水中，由此可知巨大的水墙掀翻了小船。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我强烈地想保护他。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. protective保护的；C. tired累的；D. afraid害怕的。上一句“We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly.（我们被水墙打入水里，爸爸漫无目的地挣扎着。）”提到作者的爸爸在水中漫无目的地挣扎，下文“I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him（我迅速游向爸爸，帮助他）”讲到作者如何帮父亲摆脱险境，由此可知作者在那一刻强烈地感觉到要保护他。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸坐在船壳上时，他对自己的恐惧感到有点尴尬。A. pain疼痛；B. anger生气；C. fear害怕；D. shame害羞。结合前文中““John! 8 !” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.(“约翰!救命!”他用颤抖的声音喊道，手里还握着舵柄。)”可知，作者的爸爸用颤抖的声音向作者求救，可推知此时他为自己当时表现出来的恐惧感到尴尬。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我发现轮到我去照顾我的父亲了。A. making up组成；B. getting ready准备；C. paying off得到回报；D. looking out关照。根据前句“That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency.（那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻指望着我。）”可知，作者父亲依靠自己，可以推断此处为作者要照顾父亲。look out for sb.表示“关照，照顾”。 故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hangzhou Asian Games were opened on September 23, 2023, drawing worldwide attention. They are not only a grand sports event, ____36____ a cultural feast that displays the diversity and harmony of Asia.
One of ____37____ (impressive) cultural activities is the Asian Games Aesthetics （美学）. It covers six categories：visual arts, literature, music, dance, drama, and film. The works ____38____ (display) in different places and platforms, such as museums, galleries, theaters, cinemas, and online media. Another remarkable cultural activity is the Asian Games Memories, which is ____39____ collection of stories ____40____ (record) the history and development of the Asian Games. The Asian Games Memories invites the public ____41____ (share) their personal experiences and memories of the previous Games, and to express ____42____ (they) expectations and wishes for the future of the Games. The Asian Games Memories also features interviews ____43____ some of the legendary athletes and officials who have participated in the Games.
Known as the world’s largest sporting gala, the Hangzhou Asian Games serve as a platform for the athletes to compete. Most importantly, it’s a stage for people’s communication and ____44____ (interact) .The Hangzhou Asian Games are a beautiful gathering of nations,____45____ the spirit of Asia is celebrated and the dream of Asia is realized.
【答案】36. but
37. the most impressive
38. are displayed 39. a
40. recording
41. to share
42. their 43. with
44. interaction
45. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了杭州亚运会中的文化活动。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：9月23日开幕的杭州亚运会不仅是一场体育盛会，也是一场展示亚洲多元与和谐的文化盛宴。not only...but also...“不但……，而且……”，also使用时可以省略。故填but。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最令人印象深刻的文化活动之一是亚运会美学。空后是名词短语cultural activities，所以该空填形容词。根据空前提示“One of ”可知，此处填最高级the most impressive作定语。故填the most impressive。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：亚运美学的作品在博物馆、画廊、剧院、电影院、网络媒体等不同的场所和平台展出。分析句子结构，该空在句中作谓语。由句意可知，此处表示客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“The works ”和“display”之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动，即are displayed。故填are displayed。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：另一项引人注目的文化活动是“亚运会记忆”，这是一个记录亚运会历史和发展的故事和照片的集合。空后是可数名词单数collection，所以空处填不定冠词，构成短语a collection of，表示“一组,一系列”。 collection发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：另一项引人注目的文化活动是“亚运会记忆”，这是一个记录亚运会历史和发展的故事和照片的集合。分析句子结构，从句谓语动词是is，所以空处填非谓语动词。逻辑主语“stories and photos ”和“record”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词recording作后置定语。故填recording。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“亚运会记忆”邀请市民分享以往亚运会的个人经历和记忆，并表达对未来亚运会的期望和祝愿。此处考查invite sb to do sth，表示“邀请某人做某事”，所以填不定式to share，作宾补。故填to share。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：“亚运会记忆”邀请市民分享以往亚运会的个人经历和记忆，并表达对未来亚运会的期望和祝愿。空后是名词expectations，所以此处填形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：“亚运会记忆”还包括对一些参加过亚运会的传奇运动员和官员的采访。结合句意，这里指采访的对象包括一些参加过亚运会的传奇运动员和官员，with“包括”，故填with。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为世界上规模最大的体育盛会，杭州亚运会不仅是运动员竞争和超越的平台，更重要的是，也是人民交流和互动的舞台。结合空前“communication and”可知，空处用名词interaction，与communication并列，故填interaction。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：杭州亚运会是一次美丽的盛会，是弘扬亚洲精神、实现亚洲梦想的盛会。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a beautiful gathering of nations”，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
第四部分 课本知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请填入适当的单词（1个）或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. It’s a challenge for me to ______ (memory) 50 new words per day. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】memorize##memorise
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：对我来说每天记住50个新单词是困难的。该句含有“it+be+adj.+for sb.+ to do sth.”结构。“it”是形式主语，不定式“to do sth.”是真正主语。本句中“to”后需要名词“memory”对应的动词原形，使该语法结构完整，故填memorize/memorise。
47. The activity ______ (intend) to promote sales turned out to be a success. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】intended
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：这次旨在促进销售的活动证明是成功的。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语“turned out to be”，所以空处用非谓语；短语：be intended to do sth.“旨在做某事”，主语“the activity”与动词“intend”为动宾关系，所以空处用过去分词intended作定语，故填intended。
48. ______ (original), I made up my mind to go abroad for further study. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Originally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：最初，我下定决心要出国深造。空处在句中作状语，所以空处用副词。处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Originally。
49. Martin Luther King fought for the ______ (free) and equality of the black. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】freedom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：马丁·路德·金为黑人的自由和平等而战。结合空前冠词及空后“and equality of the black”可知，空处用名词freedom，与“equality”并列，作宾语。故填freedom。
50. With the problem ________ (settle), he went home happily. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】settled
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：问题解决了，他高高兴兴地回家了。介词with后接复合宾语，动词settle和宾语之间是被动和完成的关系，用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填settled。
51. Ι______ (wrap) the package and was shocked to discover what was inside. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】unwrapped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：我打开包裹，发现里面的东西时感到震惊。空处在句中为谓语，结合句中“and was”可知，空处用一般过去时；结合“discover what was inside”可知，此处指打开包裹，unwrap“打开包裹”，结合时态，故填unwrapped。
52. Some theme parks try to teach people about an ______ (advance) scientific idea like Futuroscope in France. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】advanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些主题公园试图向人们传授先进的科学理念，比如法国的“观测未来”。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰scientific idea。advanced意为“先进的”。故填advanced。
53. It is reported that the workers are ______ strike for a pay rise. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：据报道工人为了涨薪正在罢工。be on strike为固定短语，意为“在罢工”，空处需填介词on。故填on。
54. Listening to music can make people feel less ______ (anxiety) or, lonely. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】anxious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：听音乐可以使人感到不那么焦虑或孤独。feel为系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，anxiety“焦虑”为不可数名词，其形容词形式为anxious，故填anxious。
55. A certain sleeping position shows that the sleeper tends ______ (seek) perfection. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to seek
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：某个特定的睡姿表明睡眠者倾向于追求完美。tend to do...意为“倾向于做……”，不定式作宾语。故填to seek。
56. LEGO, a ______ (power) brand in the world, enjoys great popularity. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】powerful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：乐高是世界上一个很有影响力的品牌，享有很高的知名度。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰brand。powerful意为“有影响力的，强有力的”。故填powerful。
57. Tears came to my eyes as I realized ______ a fool I had been to judge Jim’s father as a failure. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查感叹句。句意：我的眼里充满了泪水，因为我意识到我之前把吉姆的父亲猜测为失败者是多么的愚蠢。What a fool! （真是个傻瓜！）本句中第一个as“因为”引导原因状语从句。realized 后面跟的是宾语从句“what a fool I had been.”故填what。
58. The doctor made a judgement that the boy would make a quick ______ (recover). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recovery
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：医生断定这男孩很快就会康复。提示词作宾语，用名词recovery，意为“康复”，结合不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填recovery。
59. It is ______ (amaze) that Jia Ling was able to lose 50 kilograms within a year. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】amazing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人惊奇的是，贾玲竟然在一年内瘦了50公斤。空处应用形容词作表语。It为形式主语，指代that从句，表示事情，所以应用-ing形式的形容词amazing，意为“令人大为惊奇的”。故填amazing。
60. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and ______ (deliver) newspapers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】delivering
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的父母总是叫他给花园除草、倒垃圾、送报纸。此处是与weeding，carrying out并列，用现在分词作宾补。故填delivering。
61. The house is more than twenty meters long and ________ (measure) six meters in width. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】measures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这座房子20多米长，六米宽。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填谓语动词，measure表示“测量”且后跟测量数字时为不及物动词，无被动，结合上文所给的时态可知，应用一般现在时，且主语The house为单数，所以应填measures。故填measures。
62. It is ______ (benefit) to listen to other people’s advice, but eventually you must believe in your own judgement. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：听别人的建议是有益的，但最终你必须相信自己的判断。空处在句中为表语，所以空处用形容词。固定句式：It is beneficial to do sth.“做某事是有益的。”，故填beneficial。
63. ______ (replace) the flat tyre with a new one and move on. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Replace
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：把漏气的轮胎换一个新的，然后继续前进。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等，谓语动词一律用原形，主语通常为第二人称，其句子主语常常省略。分析句子可知，本句为and连接的两个祈使句，所以空处用动词原形，处于句首，首字母大写。 故填Replace。
64. Generally speaking, the salary ______ (variety) with the experience of the employee. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】varies
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：一般来说，工资因员工的经验而异。空处在句中作谓语，应用动词。vary意为“相异，不同，变化”，为不及物动词。根据句中的Generally speaking可知，这里表示一般情况，应用一般现在时。主语为the salary，谓语应用单数形式。故填varies。
65. As Karl Marx says, “Those ______ make most people happy are the happiest people in the world.” （用适当的词填空）
【答案】who
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如卡尔·马克思（Karl Marx）所说，“让大多数人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人。”分析句子成分可知，此句是一个定语从句，those为先行词，在句中指人，空格处在定语从句中充当主语成分，所以只能填who。故填who。
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
66. 假定你是李华，近期你校成立了“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部。你的美国朋友Tom对中国文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他加入该俱乐部。内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．俱乐部活动内容；
3．表达期待。
注意：1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．参考词汇：孔子Confucius；孔子思想Confucianism；
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
Knowing that you’re extremely keen on Chinese culture, I’m more than delighted to write to you with the intention of inviting you to join the Confucianism online club. Established by our school recently, the club possesses various characteristics. First of all, we hold regular sessions, studying the statements of Confucius, who has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy. What’s more, professors related are frequently invited to give speeches on Confucianism online, thus, providing club members with a vast traditional knowledge. As far as I am concerned, the club is of great significance and help for you to gain a better understanding of Chinese culture.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration seriously. I have the confidence that you will make great progress.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生向美国朋友Tom写一封邮件，邀请他加入学校近期成立的“孔子思想研究”网上俱乐部。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
及其，非常：extremely → pretty
热衷于：be keen on → be crazy about
建立：establish → found
特征：characteristic → feature
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What’s more, professors related are frequently invited to give speeches on Confucianism online, thus, providing club members with a vast traditional knowledge.
拓展句：What’s more, professors who are related are frequently invited to give speeches on Confucianism online, thus, providing club members with a vast traditional knowledge.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Established by our school recently, the club possesses various characteristics. （运用了过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】First of all, we hold regular sessions, studying the statements of Confucius, who has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy. （运用了现在分词作状语及who引导的非限制性定语从句）
