限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气：
07 it的使用
积累运用
it 用法总结
1. it做形式主语的特殊用法总结：
(1)It is no use/no good/useless/ a waste of…+doing…“做…是没用的/没好处的/没用的/浪费…的”
例句：It is a waste of time talking with him, because he is really stubborn.
(2) It turns out that…“结果证明是…”
例句：It turns out that it was a white lie, so they made peace.
(3) It happens/chances that... “碰巧…”
例句：It happened that they missed the meeting date.
(4) It occurs to/hits/ strikes that… “某人突然想到….”
例句：It never occurred to him that he could persuade his good friend to change his mind.
(5)It is/was suggested/ advised/ required/ commanded/ordered…that… “虚拟语气用法，据建议/要求/命令…”
(6) It is no wonder that… “难怪…”此处it is 和that均可以省略不写
(7) It makes no sense/ makes no difference/ doesn’t matter that…. “做…没有意义，没有关系
2. it做形式宾语的特殊用法总结：
(1) sb. think/find/feel/consider/make…it +adj./n. +that从句或者to do
例句：They think it a tradition that the old give the young red packets during the Spring Festival.
(2) 主语+make it a rule +that从句或者to do “习惯于，当成是规则”
主语+make it clear +that从句或者to do “阐明”
(3) I would appreciate it if… “如果…将不胜感激”
(4) 主语+see to/ depend on/ answer for/ insist on it +that…. “确保/指望/对…负责/坚持…”
(5) 主语+take it for granted that… “把…当作是理所当然的事”
3. it的其他特殊结构：
(1)It is/has been +时间段+since… “自从…以来，已经多久了”
(2) It will be +时间段+before… “要过多久才…”
(3)It was +时间段+before… “过了多久就…”
(4) It is/was +具体时间+when… ”当…时，是何时“
(5) It is/was +状语从句/介词短语/副词+that… “强调句结构”
(6) It is (high/about) time +that…(that引导从句谓语动词为should+do或者did) “该…的时间到了”
(7) It is/was the first/second…time that… “这是第几次做…”（用is时，that后用现在完成时；用was时，that后面用过去完成时。）
完成下列句子
1. It is no good ____________ (complain) about life without specific goals.
【答案】complaining
【详解】考查it用法。句意：抱怨生活而没有具体的目标是没有好处的。根据句式结构it is no good后面加doing，所以填complaining。
2. It is about time that you ____________ (set) about doing exercise so that you can recover better.
【答案】should set/set
【详解】考查it用法。句意：该是你着手锻炼的时候到了，以便你能更好的恢复身体。根据句式结构it is about time that…that后从句的谓语动词用should do或者did。所以填should set或者set。
3. He feels it essential ____________ (make) a learning plan at the beginning of each term.
【答案】to make
【详解】考查it用法。句意：他觉得在新学期伊始制定学习计划是重要的。根据句式结构”sb. feel it +adj. +to do…”it为形式宾语，to do不定式部分为真正的主语。所以填to make。
4. It was the fifth time that he _____________ (refuse) by a company.
【答案】had been refused
【详解】考查it用法。句意：这是第五次他被公司拒绝了。根据句式结构it was the +序数词 time that…，that后从句谓语动词用过去完成时。所以填had been refused。
5. It was on December 23rd in 2022 ___________ an earthquake hit the small village.
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句结构。句意：就是在2022年12月23日，一场地震侵袭了这个小村庄。强调句结构为it is/was+被强调部分+that…，此处强调的是时间状语on December 23rd in 2022, 所以填that。
6. It is requested that every person present ___________(wear) formal clothes.
【答案】(should) wear
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：根据要求，在场的每个人应该着正装。根据虚拟语气用法，request为虚拟语气的关键词，it is requested that…句式中，it为形式主语，that为真正的主语从句。在这个主语从句中的谓语动词应该是should+动词原形，should可以省略。所以填wear或者should wear。
7. I would appreciate __________ if you could take my application into account.
【答案】it
【详解】考查it用法。句意：如果你能考虑我的申请，我将感激不尽。Appreciate后面不能直接加从句，需要借助形式宾语it，所以填it。
8. It hit me ___________ I had left my important document behind in the office.
【答案】that
【详解】考查it的固定结构。句意：我突然想起来我把我重要的文件落在办公室了。It hit sb. that…表示“某人突然想起来…”,it为 形式主语，that后面为真正的主语从句。所以填that。
9. It will be 5 years __________ they can reunite because of his special job.
【答案】before
【详解】考查it的固定结构。句意：因为他特殊的工作，再过五年他们才能团聚。根据固定的结构it will be +时间段+before…,所以填before。
10. It has been 3 days ____________ he left his home without telling anyone.
【答案】since
【详解】考查it固定结构。句意：自从他一声不吭离开家以来，已经三天了。根据固定结构it has been +时间段+since…，表示“自从…以来，已经多久了。”所以填since。
11. It was three o’clock ___________ we had the meeting yesterday afternoon.
【答案】when
【详解】考查it 固定结构。句意：当我们昨天下午开会时，是三点整。根据固定结构it is/was+具体时间+when…,表示“当…是何时”。所以填when。
12. It was a year ____________ he broke his bad habit of smoking.
【答案】before
【详解】考查it固定结构。句意：过了一年他才戒除掉他吸烟的坏习惯。根据固定结构it was+时间段+before…表示“过了多久，就…”，所以填before。
13. The school makes __________ a rule that every student should read aloud for twenty minutes in the morning.
【答案】it
【详解】考查it固定结构。句意：这所学校把每天早上学生大声朗读二十分钟作为一项规定。根据固定结构主语+make it a rule +that从句或者to do不定式,此时it为形式宾语。所以填it。
14. It happened that I __________(stay) at home when he called on me.
【答案】stayed
【详解】考查it固定结构下的时态。句意：当他来拜访我时，我碰巧在家。根据固定结构it happened/happens that…，表示“碰巧”，it为形式主语，that后为真正的主语从句，在这个结构中，时态基本统一，所以填stayed。
15. The child takes _________ for granted that his parents should give him love and care selflessly.
【答案】it
【详解】考查it固定结构。句意：这个孩子理所当然认为他的父母应该无私地给予他关爱。根据it的固定结构sb. takes it for granted that…， it为形式宾语，that为真正的宾语从句。所以填it。
一、阅读选择
A
It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins.
Yasmeen Lari, a 65-year-old architect, was there to help lead the reconstruction of settlements, but she had never done disaster work before. Lari was known for designing smooth towers of glass and concrete. But here, she’d be drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes using stone and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster-relief work. So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad.
Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. Lari says this local, cost-effective and zero-carbon approach is creating an ecosystem. Anyone can learn by watching DIY videos on Lari’s Zero Carbon Channel on YouTube.
The design won a UN World Habitat Prize in 2018.“We need to believe in people’s capacity to bring about change. I treat displaced people as partners, not victims. They know what to do,” says Lari.
Over the decades, Yasmeen Lari has won many awards as architect and environmentalist. While it may seem like an unlikely path for a girl who was born into a well-to-do family in1941, she had an unconventional upbringing. At home, her father would talk about the desperate need for housing. Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari. On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University. She laughs as she recalls her bravery.
At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. “Architects can no longer work for just the one percent,” she says. “That doesn’t allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”
1．What can we learn about Lari from the first two paragraphs
A．She felt considerably proud to do disaster-relief work.
B．She started a brand-new volunteer working experience.
C．She was good at designing earthquake-resistant houses.
D．She reconstructed the settlements with glass and concrete.
2．How did Lari make her design practical and environmental
A．By creating an ecosystem. B．By strengthening local buildings.
C．By using local sustainable materials. D．By watching DIY videos on YouTube.
3．Why did Lari decide to apply to architecture school
A．Her interest in architecture drove her.
B．Her father encouraged her to path unusual.
C．Her father talked about the demand for architects.
D．Her rich family allowed her to pursue the most of dream.
4．Which of the following best describes Yasmeen Lari
A．Sensitive and brave. B．Determined and cooperative.
C．Honest and generous. D．Sympathetic and eco-responsible.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了巴基斯坦女性建筑师Yasmeen Lari努力改进村庄的房屋设计以更好地抵御自然灾害，突显其体恤村民和倡导环保的精神。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins.(那是2005年10月，巴基斯坦发生了灾难性的地震，造成约7.9万人死亡，山谷变成了泥泞和废墟。)”以及第二段中“But here, she’d be drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes using stone and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster-relief work. So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad.( 但在这里，她会用石头和木屑来设计抗震房屋。每过一天，她都深深感到做救灾工作是正确的。因此，她把它作为自己的新任务，在接下来的四个月里，她与来自巴基斯坦和国外的志愿者建筑师和工程师一起工作。)”可知，在巴基斯坦发生了灾难性的地震之后，Lari会用石头和木屑来设计抗震房屋，她把它作为自己的新任务，在接下来的四个月里，她与来自巴基斯坦和国外的志愿者建筑师和工程师一起工作，由此可知，Lai开始了一段全新的志愿者工作经历。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. (受到当地用木材碎片、竹子和泥土等可持续材料建造的建筑的启发，拉里的避难所可以更好地抵御灾害。)”可知，Lari设计的房屋就地取材，低成本、零碳，实用环保即这些材料是可持续的材料。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari. On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University. (听父亲谈论住房危机和对建筑师的需求给拉里留下了深刻的印象。15岁时随家人去伦敦旅游，她申请了牛津布鲁克斯大学(Oxford brooks University)的建筑学院。)”可知，Lari申请建筑学院的原因是因为听父亲谈论住房危机和对建筑师的需求给其留下了深刻的印象。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages.( 83岁高龄的Yasmeen Lari仍然对零碳设计、技能培养和自给自足的村庄充满了想法。)”以及““Architects can no longer work for just the one percent,” she says. “That doesn’t allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”(“建筑师不能再只为那1%的人工作了，”她说。“这让他们无法尽其所能为人类服务。”)”可知，Yasmeen Lari仍然对零碳设计、技能培养和自给自足的村庄充满了想法以及她认为建筑师应该尽全力为所有人服务，故体现出她是富有同情心和环保意识的。故选D。
B
Electric bicycles have established themselves as an important mode of transportation worldwide, and their fame continues to improve as the electric vehicle revolution (革命) is slowly spreading over the world. Embracing the advantages of electric bikes not only benefits the economy but also improve the general well-being of the population.
Germany, in particular, has witnessed a remarkable upswing in the e-bike industry, displaying no signs of slowing down despite initial hesitations earlier this year. In May, favorable weather made it more convenient to ride e-bikes, which contributed to the increase of e-bike sales. By the end of May this year, Germany had produced over one million electric bikes, marking a significant five-percent growth compared to the same period last year. This growth is particularly impressive considering the challenging economic climate the country has faced.
Burkhard Stock, the Managing Director of the Zweirad-Industrie-Verband (ZIV), discussed this unbelievable turn of events in a report published by German e-bike publication E-Bike News. He mentioned that they had anticipated a slowdown in the market throughout the first half of the year. However, it turned out that a positive change in the industry was seen in May.
ZIV, a famous organization in the German and international bicycle industries, plays a key role as a governing body and major stakeholder (股东) in the European e-bike field. About 90 percent of all electric bikes produced by German companies are made by ZIV member companies. Their presence ensures the industry’s steady growth and development.
In addition to the market within the country, German-made electric bicycles have gone to other parts of the world. In the first quarter of this year, an astonishing 190, 000 electric bikes were sold abroad, meaning a significant 28-percent increase compared to the previous year. A majority of these electric bikes were transported to European Union and European Free Trade Association member countries. It is expected that the German e-bike market will produce a total of two million electric bicycles by the end of this year.
5．What resulted in a better e-bike market in May
A．Effective marketing strategies. B．Favorable turn of economic climate.
C．Improved environmental awareness. D．Weather conditions suitable for cycling.
6．What does the underlined word “anticipated” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Prevented. B．Guaranteed. C．Encountered. D．Expected.
7．What do the numbers of German-made e-bikes in the last paragraph show
A．A greater demand for electricity. B．A complete hold of the global market.
C．A strong export performance of e-bikes. D．A higher political rank in the United Nations.
8．Which part does this text probable appear on the website
A．Travel. B．Industry. C．Sport. D．Advertisement.
【答案】5．D 6．D 7．C 8．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了德国电动自行车的销量显著增长。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In May, favorable weather made it more convenient to ride e-bikes, which contributed to the increase of e-bike sales.”（5月份，有利的天气使得骑电动自行车更加方便，这也促进了电动自行车销量的增长。）可知，适宜骑行的天气条件促使电动自行车销量增长。故选D项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Burkhard Stock, the Managing Director of the Zweirad-Industrie-Verband (ZIV), discussed this unbelievable turn of events in a report published by German e-bike publication E-Bike News.”（Zweirad-Industrie-Verband董事总经理Burkhard Stock在德国电动自行车出版物《e-bike News》发表的一份报告中讨论了这一令人难以置信的转折。）及第二句后半部分“a slowdown in the market throughout the first half of the year”（整个上半年的市场放缓。）及最后一句“However, it turned out that a positive change in the industry was seen in May.”（然而，事实证明，5月份该行业出现了积极的变化。）可知，他们之前认为上半年市场销量会下降，但结果却出人意料。可推知anticipated意为“预计，预想”。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“In addition to the market within the country, German-made electric bicycles have gone to other parts of the world. In the first quarter of this year, an astonishing 190, 000 electric bikes were sold abroad, meaning a significant 28-percent increase compared to the previous year.”（除了国内市场，德国制造的电动自行车还销往世界各地。今年第一季度，电动自行车在国外的销量达到了惊人的19万辆，与去年相比增长了28%。）可知，这些数字显示了电动自行车强劲的出口业绩。故选C项。
8．推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第二段前两句“Germany, in particular, has witnessed a remarkable upswing in the e-bike industry, displaying no signs of slowing down despite initial hesitations earlier this year. In May, favorable weather made it more convenient to ride e-bikes, which contributed to the increase of e-bike sales.”（尤其是德国，该国的电动自行车行业出现了显著的增长，尽管今年早些时候出现了最初的犹豫，但没有显示出放缓的迹象。5月份，有利的天气使得骑电动自行车更加方便，这也促进了电动自行车销量的增长。）可知，文章讲述了德国电动自行车的销量显著增长。这是与制造业相关的话题，由此可知，本文出自网站的“Industry”部分。故选B项。
二、完形填空
In 2014, Mom wanted to live closer to us. My husband, Kevin, and I found a lovely 9 for her. The next day, she 10 me to complain about the food in a nearby restaurant.
I asked Kevin. “Do you think I complain a lot ” Kevin hesitated a few seconds before saying no. I realized that the family nature of complaining had taken 11 in me.
I decided to keep a better watch on my 12 . Things went fine for a few weeks. I was delighted at my 13 . But every time Mom called, I got 14 . I felt 15 to change by myself.
A few days later, I received from my friend Torry a 16 with one word on its cover: Blessings. He encouraged me to keep writing things I’m 17 for.
The next morning, I 18 the journal and wrote the date, then two things I was grateful for. Number one, friends who 19 me. Two, my caring husband. 20 filled my heart. Maybe this was it. Not just the missing piece to help me 21 the complaining but a joyous replacement: 22 .
Over the next few months, as I 23 to list blessings each day, I noticed little things I’d been 24 to: how the wind made the leaves 25 ; how the smile of a baby 26 my heart.
Looking for things to be thankful for 27 to a deeper shift in me. Life didn’t suddenly become trouble-free. But a new awareness of the 28 around me made me see how lucky I was.
9．A．hospital B．school C．apartment D．garden
10．A．called B．invited C．asked D．forced
11．A．root B．shape C．place D．efforts
12．A．health B．tongue C．weight D．attitude
13．A．method B．chance C．success D．growth
14．A．scared B．excited C．relaxed D．nervous
15．A．necessary B．powerless C．possible D．happy
16．A．book B．present C．brochure D．journal
17．A．thankful B．eager C．prepared D．meant
18．A．received B．read C．opened D．copied
19．A．host B．trust C．warn D．encourage
20．A．Satisfaction B．Sorrow C．Inspiration D．Completion
21．A．refuse B．overcome C．update D．understand
22．A．Honor B．Adaptation C．Gratitude D．Balance
23．A．imagined B．applied C．required D．continued
24．A．addicted B．blind C．related D．used
25．A．dance B．die C．grow D．move
26．A．clarified B．lifted C．restored D．improved
27．A．went B．replied C．led D．connected
28．A．people B．lessons C．blessings D．love
【答案】
9．C 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．D 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．C
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者意识到自己受到了母亲影响，喜欢抱怨，决定改变自己。在朋友的帮助下，作者坚持每天写下值得感谢的人或事，逐渐学会了发现身边美好的人和事物，学会了感恩和祝福，生活也因此而慢慢改变。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫凯文为她找了一套可爱的公寓。A. hospital医院；B. school学校；C. apartment公寓；D. garden花园。根据前文“In 2014, Mom wanted to live closer to us.”（2014年，妈妈想住得离我们近一点。）可知，妈妈想搬到离作者近一点的地方居住，所以作者和丈夫应该是给妈妈找了一个离他们近的公寓。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她打电话给我，抱怨附近一家餐馆的饭菜。A. called打电话；B. invited邀请；C. asked问、要求；ask sb to do让某人做某事；D. forced强迫、迫使。根据第1小题和第三段“But every time Mom called”（但每次妈妈打来电话）可知，作者和妈妈不住在一起，所以第二天，妈妈应该是给她打电话抱怨的。故选A。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，抱怨的家庭天性已经在我心中扎根。A. root根；take root in扎根于；B. shape形状；take shape成形、形成；C. place 地方；take place发生；D. efforts努力；take efforts尽力。根据前文“The next day, she ____10____ me to complain about the food in a nearby restaurant.”（第二天，她打电话给我，抱怨附近一家餐馆的饭菜。）和作者问丈夫的话“Do you think I complain a lot ”（你认为我经常抱怨吗？）可知，作者的妈妈喜欢抱怨，所以作者意识到了她自己也经常抱怨，她认为这是家庭的本性对她根深蒂固的影响，抱怨的天性在她心中生了根。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定更看好自己的舌头。A. health健康；B. tongue舌头；C. weight重量；D. attitude态度。根据前文提到的“the family nature of complaining”可知，作者意识到了自己受家庭的影响，也经常抱怨，所以她决定改变，不再随便抱怨，这就要管好自己的舌头。故选B。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为自己的成长感到高兴。A. method办法；B. chance机会；C. success成功；D. growth成长。根据上一句“Things went fine for a few weeks.”（几周以来，事情进展很好。）可知，作者决定不再随便抱怨，几周的时间，作者做得很好，有所进步，对自己而言，也是一种成长，所以她为此感到高兴。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每次妈妈打电话来，我都很紧张。A. scared恐惧的；B. excited激动的；C. relaxed放松的；D. nervous紧张的。根据上一句“I was delighted at my _____13_____”（我为自己的成长感到高兴。）中的“delighted”和本句中的“But”，并结合文章内容可知，妈妈打电话来时，作者应该是不高兴的，因为妈妈喜欢抱怨，所以作者不知道她又会有什么不满意的地方，因而感到紧张。故选D。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无力改变。A. necessary必要的；B. powerless无力的；C. possible可能的；D. happy高兴的。根据前文“I realized that the family nature of complaining had take____11____ in me.”（我意识到，抱怨的家庭天性已经在我心中扎根。）和“But every time Mom called, I got ____14____ .”（但每次妈妈打电话来，我都很紧张。）可知，作者意识到自己爱抱怨是受到妈妈的影响，这是一种家庭本性根深蒂固的影响，即便她自己有意识地控制自己去改变，可一听到妈妈抱怨的话，又会受到干扰，所以感到靠自己去改变是很困难、很无力的。故选B。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我收到朋友Torry寄来的一本日记本，封面上只有一个字:祝福。A. book书；B. present礼物；C. brochure宣传册；D. journal日记、日志。根据下文“The next morning, I ____18____ the journal and wrote the date,”（第二天早上，我打开日记本，）中的“journal”和本句中的“cover”可知，朋友寄来的应该是本日记本。故选D。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我继续写让我感激的东西。A. thankful感激的；B. eager渴望的；C. prepared有准备的；D. meant打算；be meant for注定要成为。根据下文中的“The next morning, I ____18___ the journal and wrote the date, then two things I was grateful for.”（第二天早上，我打开日记本，写下了日期，还有两件让我感激的事。）中的“I was grateful for”可知，朋友Torry应该是鼓励作者坚持写自己感激的事情。故选A。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我打开日记本，写下了日期，还有两件让我感激的事。A. received收到；B. read阅读；C. opened打开；D. copied复印。根据前文“A few days later, I received from my friend Torry a ____16___ with one word on its cover: Blessings.”（几天后，我收到朋友Torry寄来的一本日记本，封面上只有一个字：祝福。）和句中“and write...”可知，日记本是刚从朋友那里收到的礼物，作者要在日记本上写东西，应该是要先打开日记本。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一，鼓励我的朋友。A. host主持；B. trust信任；C. warn警告；D. encourage鼓励。根据前文“He encouraged me to keep writing things...”（他鼓励我继续写……）和“and wrote the date, then two things I was grateful for.”（写下了日期，还有两件让我感激的事。）可知，朋友Torry鼓励作者在日记本上写下她感激的东西，作者先写下了自己的朋友，应该就是鼓励她的那些朋友。故选D。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里充满了满足感。A. Satisfaction满意、满足；B. Sorrow痛苦；C. Inspiration激励、灵感；D. Completion完成。根据下文“Not just the missing piece to help me ____21____ the complaining but a joyous replacement:”（这不仅是帮助我克服抱怨的缺失部分，而且是一个令人愉快的替代品：）可知，作者在日记本上写下她感激的人后，不再有抱怨和不满，而是感到快乐和满足，所以内心充满了满足感。故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅是帮助我克服抱怨的缺失部分，而且是一个令人愉快的替代品：感激之情。A. refuse拒绝；B. overcome克服；C. update更新；D. understand理解。根据句中的“but a joyous replacement”和前文的“____20____filled my heart.”（我心里充满了满足感。）可知，作者有了满足感，感受到了快乐，也就不会去抱怨，因而就克服了抱怨。故选B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不仅是帮助我克服抱怨的缺失部分，而且是一个令人愉快的替代品：感激之情。A. Honor荣誉；B. Adaptation适应；C. Gratitude感激；D. Balance平衡。根据前文的“The next morning, I ____18___ the journal and wrote the date, then two things I was grateful for.”（第二天早上，我打开日记本，写下了日期，还有两件让我感激的事。）和下文的“Looking for things to be thankful for ____27____ to a deeper shift in me.”（寻找值得感恩的事情让我内心发生了更深的变化。）可知，作者一直寻找并记录让自己感恩的事情，内心发生了很大变化，不再抱怨，而是感到了快乐，可见是感激之情代替了之前的抱怨和不满，成了令人愉快的替代品。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，当我继续每天列出好事时，我注意到了一些我以前视而不见的小事情。A. imagined想象；B. applied应用；C. required需求、要求；D. continued继续。根据前文“He encouraged me to keep writing things I’m____17____for.”（他鼓励我继续写让我感激的东西。）和第五段内容可知，朋友鼓励作者坚持写下令她感激的东西，作者已经开始写了，并且感受到了快乐，所以她应该坚持每天都写，故空处应该指每天继续写下祝福。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，当我继续每天列出好事时，我注意到了一些我以前视而不见的小事情。A. addicted成瘾的；B. blind视而不见的；C. related有关联的；D. used习惯的。根据句中“noticed”和“had been”可知，作者应该是注意到了以前没有看到的事情，即以前视而不见的小事情。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：风如何使树叶起舞。A. dance跳舞；B. die死；C. grow成长；D. move移动。根据句中“wind made the leaves”及常识可知，刮风会让树叶晃动，好像跳舞一样。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：婴儿的微笑如何使我心情愉悦。A. clarified阐明、澄清；B. lifted使愉快；C. restored恢复；D. improved提高。根据常识可知，人们看到婴儿的微笑都会非常开心，所以婴儿的笑容让作者心情很愉快。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：寻找值得感恩的事情让我内心发生了更深的变化。A. went走；B. replied回复；C. led带领；lead to sth导致；D. connected连接到。根据下文“But a new awareness of the __28___ around me made me see how lucky I was.”（但一种对我周围的好事的新认识让我看到我是多么幸运。）可知，作者通过寻找并记录值得感恩的事情，看到了自己被好事包围着，内心发生了很大的变化，不再抱怨和不满，而是感到了幸运和满足，说明是寻找值得感恩的事情导致了她内心的变化。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一种对我周围的好事的新认识让我看到我是多么幸运。A. people人们；B. lessons课程、教训；C. blessings祝福、好事；D. love爱。根据第四段“I received from my friend Torry a ____16___ with one word on its cover: Blessings.”（我收到朋友Torry寄来的一本日记本，封面上只有一个字：祝福。）、倒数第二段“as I ____23___ to list blessings each day,”（当我继续每天列出祝福时）和最后一段“Looking for things to be thankful for ___27___ to a deeper shift in me.”（寻找值得感恩的事情让我内心发生了更深的变化。）及全文内容可知，从作者收到朋友的封面上写着“Blessings”的日记本那一刻开始，到她在朋友的鼓励下坚持每天记下值得感激的事情，作者的内心就已经发生了很大的改变，她意识到了自己周围有很多值得感激的事情，自己被好事和祝福包围着，自己是幸运的。故选C。
拓展突破练
1. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解B篇) My dad commented on how silly it was for me ___________(carry) jars everywhere.
【答案】to carry
【详解】考查it用法。句意：我的爸爸评价我说，把这些罐子搬得到处都是多傻啊。根据结构it is/was +adj. +to do, 在句中commented on为谓语动词，how引导的宾语从句为一句感叹句，将其变回陈述句，应该说it was silly for me to carry jars everywhere。所以填to carry。
2. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解C篇)As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put ____________: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
【答案】it
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：正如Kristian Hammond,西北大学的电气工程和计算机科学专业的教授所说，从没有一个阶段这个系统知道它在谈论什么。这里Put it是固定搭配，表示“说”， 即as sb. put it=as sb. said, 所以填it。
3. (2023年浙江卷.七选五) If it takes the train 53 seconds ____________(travel) one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
【答案】to travel
【详解】考查it固定结构。句意：如果坐走一里地需要53秒，那么你会走每小时67.92里。根据it固定结构，it takes sb./sth+时间段+to do…, 表示“做…需要花费多久”，所以填to travel。
4. (2023年全国甲卷.阅读理解C篇) It was full of ideas __________ were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句结构。句意：这些想法都是新的，整个夏天我都在读这本书。根据强调句结构it is/was…that…，此处被强调的成分是主语，所以填that。
5. (2023年全国乙卷.阅读理解C篇) It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign ____________ Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句结构。句意：英国人开始远离传统的肉、蔬菜和即食食品，变得更加冒险得探索烹饪习惯，这要归功于这些电视厨师而不是任何广告宣传。根据强调句结构it is/was…that…，此处被强调成分为原因状语，所以填that。
6. (2023年新课标全国II.七选五)I do remember, though, what it was like ___________(be) a complete beginner.
【答案】to be
【详解】考查it的固定结构。句意：然而，我确实记得做一名完全的新手是怎样的。remember后面的宾语从句由what引导，表达“…怎么样？”应该用what is it like to do , 因为此处是宾语从句，应该用陈述语气，即what it is like to do。所以填to be。
7. (2023年北京卷.阅读理解C篇) It is fair ___________(say), though, that our psychological biases play a major role.
【答案】to say
【详解】考查it形式主语用法。句意：然而，说我们的心理偏见起着重要的作用，这件事是公平的。fair“公平”不是特殊的形容词，所以it做形式主语时，结构为it is+ adj.+to do，所以填to say。
8. (2023年北京卷.阅读表达) While you are able to pick up a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months ___________(build) a healthy habit.
【答案】to build
【详解】考查it的固定结构。句意：虽然你能够在几个星期内学到一个新的习惯，但是需要花费几个月的时间建立一个健康的习惯。It takes +时间段+to do为it的固定结构，所以填to build。
9. (2023年新课标全国I卷.七选五) It might be the time ____________ you helped a friend with their homework.
【答案】when
【详解】考查it固定结构。句意：可能就是在那个时候，你帮助了你的朋友完成作业。根据it的固定结构，it is/was+具体时间+when…，表示“在某事发生时，具体时间为…”，此句中the time指代上文提及的具体时间，所以符合此结构。所以填when。
10. (2022年天津卷.阅读理解C篇) Is it possible for thought and behavior _____________(originate) from somewhere other than our brain
【答案】to originate
【详解】考查it作形式主语的结构。句意：除了我们的大脑，不知从哪里来的思想和行为出现是可能的吗？
It作形式主语时，其结构为it is/was+adj.+to do …，所以填to originate。
第14页，共15页限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气：
07 it的使用
积累运用
it 用法总结
1. it做形式主语的特殊用法总结：
(1)It is no use/no good/useless/ a waste of…+doing…“做…是没用的/没好处的/没用的/浪费…的”
例句：It is a waste of time talking with him, because he is really stubborn.
(2) It turns out that…“结果证明是…”
例句：It turns out that it was a white lie, so they made peace.
(3) It happens/chances that... “碰巧…”
例句：It happened that they missed the meeting date.
(4) It occurs to/hits/ strikes that… “某人突然想到….”
例句：It never occurred to him that he could persuade his good friend to change his mind.
(5)It is/was suggested/ advised/ required/ commanded/ordered…that… “虚拟语气用法，据建议/要求/命令…”
(6) It is no wonder that… “难怪…”此处it is 和that均可以省略不写
(7) It makes no sense/ makes no difference/ doesn’t matter that…. “做…没有意义，没有关系
2. it做形式宾语的特殊用法总结：
(1) sb. think/find/feel/consider/make…it +adj./n. +that从句或者to do
例句：They think it a tradition that the old give the young red packets during the Spring Festival.
(2) 主语+make it a rule +that从句或者to do “习惯于，当成是规则”
主语+make it clear +that从句或者to do “阐明”
(3) I would appreciate it if… “如果…将不胜感激”
(4) 主语+see to/ depend on/ answer for/ insist on it +that…. “确保/指望/对…负责/坚持…”
(5) 主语+take it for granted that… “把…当作是理所当然的事”
3. it的其他特殊结构：
(1)It is/has been +时间段+since… “自从…以来，已经多久了”
(2) It will be +时间段+before… “要过多久才…”
(3)It was +时间段+before… “过了多久就…”
(4) It is/was +具体时间+when… ”当…时，是何时“
(5) It is/was +状语从句/介词短语/副词+that… “强调句结构”
(6) It is (high/about) time +that…(that引导从句谓语动词为should+do或者did) “该…的时间到了”
(7) It is/was the first/second…time that… “这是第几次做…”（用is时，that后用现在完成时；用was时，that后面用过去完成时。）
完成下列句子
1. It is no good ____________ (complain) about life without specific goals.
2. It is about time that you ____________ (set) about doing exercise so that you can recover better.
3. He feels it essential ____________ (make) a learning plan at the beginning of each term.
4. It was the fifth time that he _____________ (refuse) by a company.
5. It was on December 23rd in 2022 ___________ an earthquake hit the small village.
6. It is requested that every person present ___________(wear) formal clothes.
7. I would appreciate __________ if you could take my application into account.
8. It hit me ___________ I had left my important document behind in the office.
9. It will be 5 years __________ they can reunite because of his special job.
10. It has been 3 days ____________ he left his home without telling anyone.
11. It was three o’clock ___________ we had the meeting yesterday afternoon.
12. It was a year ____________ he broke his bad habit of smoking.
13. The school makes __________ a rule that every student should read aloud for twenty minutes in the morning.
14. It happened that I __________(stay) at home when he called on me.
15. The child takes _________ for granted that his parents should give him love and care selflessly.
一、阅读选择
A
It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins.
Yasmeen Lari, a 65-year-old architect, was there to help lead the reconstruction of settlements, but she had never done disaster work before. Lari was known for designing smooth towers of glass and concrete. But here, she’d be drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes using stone and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster-relief work. So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad.
Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. Lari says this local, cost-effective and zero-carbon approach is creating an ecosystem. Anyone can learn by watching DIY videos on Lari’s Zero Carbon Channel on YouTube.
The design won a UN World Habitat Prize in 2018.“We need to believe in people’s capacity to bring about change. I treat displaced people as partners, not victims. They know what to do,” says Lari.
Over the decades, Yasmeen Lari has won many awards as architect and environmentalist. While it may seem like an unlikely path for a girl who was born into a well-to-do family in1941, she had an unconventional upbringing. At home, her father would talk about the desperate need for housing. Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari. On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University. She laughs as she recalls her bravery.
At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. “Architects can no longer work for just the one percent,” she says. “That doesn’t allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”
1．What can we learn about Lari from the first two paragraphs
A．She felt considerably proud to do disaster-relief work.
B．She started a brand-new volunteer working experience.
C．She was good at designing earthquake-resistant houses.
D．She reconstructed the settlements with glass and concrete.
2．How did Lari make her design practical and environmental
A．By creating an ecosystem. B．By strengthening local buildings.
C．By using local sustainable materials. D．By watching DIY videos on YouTube.
3．Why did Lari decide to apply to architecture school
A．Her interest in architecture drove her.
B．Her father encouraged her to path unusual.
C．Her father talked about the demand for architects.
D．Her rich family allowed her to pursue the most of dream.
4．Which of the following best describes Yasmeen Lari
A．Sensitive and brave. B．Determined and cooperative.
C．Honest and generous. D．Sympathetic and eco-responsible.
B
Electric bicycles have established themselves as an important mode of transportation worldwide, and their fame continues to improve as the electric vehicle revolution (革命) is slowly spreading over the world. Embracing the advantages of electric bikes not only benefits the economy but also improve the general well-being of the population.
Germany, in particular, has witnessed a remarkable upswing in the e-bike industry, displaying no signs of slowing down despite initial hesitations earlier this year. In May, favorable weather made it more convenient to ride e-bikes, which contributed to the increase of e-bike sales. By the end of May this year, Germany had produced over one million electric bikes, marking a significant five-percent growth compared to the same period last year. This growth is particularly impressive considering the challenging economic climate the country has faced.
Burkhard Stock, the Managing Director of the Zweirad-Industrie-Verband (ZIV), discussed this unbelievable turn of events in a report published by German e-bike publication E-Bike News. He mentioned that they had anticipated a slowdown in the market throughout the first half of the year. However, it turned out that a positive change in the industry was seen in May.
ZIV, a famous organization in the German and international bicycle industries, plays a key role as a governing body and major stakeholder (股东) in the European e-bike field. About 90 percent of all electric bikes produced by German companies are made by ZIV member companies. Their presence ensures the industry’s steady growth and development.
In addition to the market within the country, German-made electric bicycles have gone to other parts of the world. In the first quarter of this year, an astonishing 190, 000 electric bikes were sold abroad, meaning a significant 28-percent increase compared to the previous year. A majority of these electric bikes were transported to European Union and European Free Trade Association member countries. It is expected that the German e-bike market will produce a total of two million electric bicycles by the end of this year.
5．What resulted in a better e-bike market in May
A．Effective marketing strategies. B．Favorable turn of economic climate.
C．Improved environmental awareness. D．Weather conditions suitable for cycling.
6．What does the underlined word “anticipated” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Prevented. B．Guaranteed. C．Encountered. D．Expected.
7．What do the numbers of German-made e-bikes in the last paragraph show
A．A greater demand for electricity. B．A complete hold of the global market.
C．A strong export performance of e-bikes. D．A higher political rank in the United Nations.
8．Which part does this text probable appear on the website
A．Travel. B．Industry. C．Sport. D．Advertisement.
二、完形填空
In 2014, Mom wanted to live closer to us. My husband, Kevin, and I found a lovely 9 for her. The next day, she 10 me to complain about the food in a nearby restaurant.
I asked Kevin. “Do you think I complain a lot ” Kevin hesitated a few seconds before saying no. I realized that the family nature of complaining had taken 11 in me.
I decided to keep a better watch on my 12 . Things went fine for a few weeks. I was delighted at my 13 . But every time Mom called, I got 14 . I felt 15 to change by myself.
A few days later, I received from my friend Torry a 16 with one word on its cover: Blessings. He encouraged me to keep writing things I’m 17 for.
The next morning, I 18 the journal and wrote the date, then two things I was grateful for. Number one, friends who 19 me. Two, my caring husband. 20 filled my heart. Maybe this was it. Not just the missing piece to help me 21 the complaining but a joyous replacement: 22 .
Over the next few months, as I 23 to list blessings each day, I noticed little things I’d been 24 to: how the wind made the leaves 25 ; how the smile of a baby 26 my heart.
Looking for things to be thankful for 27 to a deeper shift in me. Life didn’t suddenly become trouble-free. But a new awareness of the 28 around me made me see how lucky I was.
9．A．hospital B．school C．apartment D．garden
10．A．called B．invited C．asked D．forced
11．A．root B．shape C．place D．efforts
12．A．health B．tongue C．weight D．attitude
13．A．method B．chance C．success D．growth
14．A．scared B．excited C．relaxed D．nervous
15．A．necessary B．powerless C．possible D．happy
16．A．book B．present C．brochure D．journal
17．A．thankful B．eager C．prepared D．meant
18．A．received B．read C．opened D．copied
19．A．host B．trust C．warn D．encourage
20．A．Satisfaction B．Sorrow C．Inspiration D．Completion
21．A．refuse B．overcome C．update D．understand
22．A．Honor B．Adaptation C．Gratitude D．Balance
23．A．imagined B．applied C．required D．continued
24．A．addicted B．blind C．related D．used
25．A．dance B．die C．grow D．move
26．A．clarified B．lifted C．restored D．improved
27．A．went B．replied C．led D．connected
28．A．people B．lessons C．blessings D．love
拓展突破练
1. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解B篇) My dad commented on how silly it was for me ___________(carry) jars everywhere.
2. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解C篇)As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put ____________: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
3. (2023年浙江卷.七选五) If it takes the train 53 seconds ____________(travel) one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
4. (2023年全国甲卷.阅读理解C篇) It was full of ideas __________ were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.
5. (2023年全国乙卷.阅读理解C篇) It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign ____________ Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.
6. (2023年新课标全国II.七选五)I do remember, though, what it was like ___________(be) a complete beginner.
7. (2023年北京卷.阅读理解C篇) It is fair ___________(say), though, that our psychological biases play a major role.
8. (2023年北京卷.阅读表达) While you are able to pick up a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many months ___________(build) a healthy habit.
9. (2023年新课标全国I卷.七选五) It might be the time ____________ you helped a friend with their homework.
10. (2022年天津卷.阅读理解C篇) Is it possible for thought and behavior _____________(originate) from somewhere other than our brain
第6页，共7页
