话题08 垃圾分类-2024年初中英语中考话题热点阅读训练（含解析）

2024年初中英语中考话题热点阅读训练
话题08垃圾分类
(一)
Although Shenzhen had good results after starting sorting garbage(垃圾分类)in 2020, we still need to know that the garbage is increasing(增长的)too fast. In 2020, Shenzhen made 29, 000 tons of garbage and it went up by 5, 000 tons in 2021. So people need to develop the habit of sorting garbage.
Some schools, hospitals, companies and families are good at sorting garbage. A school in Luohu District started sorting garbage six years ago. It is famous for having an “environmental protection bank” to encourage students to sort garbage. The teachers write down the recyclable(可回收的)things such as milk boxes, paper and glass the students collect every day, Then they give them points according to the recyclable things in the bank. In this way, the school helps students develop a habit of sorting garbage.
A lady in Yantian District said her family was named as a “good garbage-sorting family”. They have two garbage bins at home for kitchen waste and other waste. Besides, they set up two areas to collect useless waste and recyclables. Her family members also help others sort garbage in a right way.
Also, technologies like AI robots will be used for helping people sort garbage. In fact, garbage sorting is not really difficult. We just need time to practice it. It is very important for everyone to start sorting garbage from our own homes.
1．How many tons of garbage did Shenzhen produce in 2021
A．5, 000 tons. B．24, 000 tons. C．29, 000 tons. D．34, 000 tons.
2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Some schools. B．The teachers. C．The students. D．Some families.
3．Why does the school in Luohu have an “environmental protection bank”
A．To tell teachers and parents to make less garbage.
B．To encourage more and more schools to sort garbage.
C．To teach people who work in banks how to sort garbage.
D．To help students develop a good habit of sorting garbage
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．Only a school in Luohu began garbage sorting in 2014.
B．Students of a school in Luohu help others sort garbage.
C．A family in Yantian does a good job on sorting garbage.
D．New technologies won’t be used to help people sort garbage.
5．What does the writer think of garbage sorting
A．It’s boring. B．It’s difficult. C．It’s important. D．It’s interesting.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C
【导语】本文讲了人们需要养成分类垃圾的习惯,详细介绍了一些垃圾分类的例子,及告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性.
1．推理判断题.根据“In 2020, Shenzhen made 29, 000 tons of garbage and it went up by 5, 000 tons in 2021.”2020年,深圳制造了29000吨垃圾,2021增加了5000吨.可知深圳在2021年产生了29000+5000=34000吨垃圾.故选D.
2．词义猜测题.根据“The teachers write down the recyclable things such as milk boxes, paper and glass the students collect every day, Then they give them points according to the recyclable things in the bank.”老师写下学生每天收集的可回收物品,如牛奶盒、纸和玻璃,然后根据银行里的可回收物给他们打分.可知“they”指的是老师.故选B.
3．细节理解题.根据“In this way, the school helps students develop a habit of sorting garbage.”通过这种方式,学校帮助学生养成分类垃圾的习惯.可知为了帮助学生养成分类垃圾的好习惯.故选D.
4．细节理解题.根据“A lady in Yantian District said her family was named as a ‘good garbage-sorting family’”盐田区一位女士表示,她的家庭被评为“垃圾分类好家庭”.可知盐田的一个家庭在垃圾分类方面做得很好.故选C.
5．细节理解题.根据“It is very important for everyone to start sorting garbage from our own homes.”对每个人来说,从自己家开始分类垃圾是非常重要的,可知它是重要的.故选C.
(二)
Take a look at the trash bins (垃圾桶) outside your house. They often come in different colors. But this isn’t just for fun—those colors tell you how you should sort (分类) your trash.
Not all trash is the same. There is household trash (厨余垃圾) —things like banana peels. There’s harmful trash, such as medicines. And then there’s recyclable trash, like bottles. It’s important to sort these kinds of trash correctly.
Sorting trash can help us in many ways. We can make sure that harmful things, such as medicines, don’t pollute our ground and water. We can re-use some trash, such as paper, glass and old clothes, to make new things. Countries around the world have found many different ways to take care of their trash. For example, in the UK, there are now “smart” trash bins. These bins can sort trash by themselves. People just need to drop their trash into the bin and it will take care of the rest. Do you know where your trash goes after you throw it away Most trash goes to landfills (垃圾填埋场) . They are usually far away from where people live. Recycled trash goes to recycling centers. These centers use the trash to make new things. Finally, some trash goes to “waste—to—energy” factories. These factories burn the trash and turn it into energy. To sort the trash is to protect your homeland.
1．How many places will trash go after people throw it away
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
2．According to the passage, what trash may go to landfills
A．Medicines. B．Banana peels. C．Bottles.
3．What can you know from the passage
A．Trash-sorting is just an idea for now.
B．Only the UK knows how to deal with the trash.
C．Many countries are trying to take care of trash.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Trashes Have Different Colors.
B．Sorting Trash Is Important.
C．All Trashes Are Useful
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文讲的是垃圾分类以及分类的重要性.
1．细节理解题.根据“People just need to drop their trash into the bin and it will take care of the rest. Do you know where your trash goes after you throw it away Most trash goes to landfills (垃圾填埋场) . They are usually far away from where people live. Recycled trash goes to recycling centers. These centers use the trash to make new things. Finally, some trash goes to ‘waste—to—energy’ factories.”可知,垃圾会经过三个地力,一是垃圾填理场, 二可能是回收中心,三是工厂.故选C.
2．推理判断题.根据“There’s harmful trash, such as medicines”以及“Do you know where your trash goes after you throw it away Most trash goes to landfills (垃圾填埋场)”可知,药品可能会被填埋,故选A.
3．细节理解题.根据“Countries around the world have found many different ways to take care of their trash”可知,许多国家都在努力处理垃圾.故选C.
4．最佳标题题.根据“It’s important to sort these kinds of trash correctly.”和“Sorting trash can help us in many ways”可知,本文主要讲述了垃圾分类很重要.故选B.
(三)
When throwing away trash, do you know which bin it should go in Some of you might not be able to answer this question. But it’s very important to know how to deal with your waste. Not knowing how to deal with waste will make it harder to save energy and protect the environment.
If you don’t deal with your rubbish, all of it will go to a landfill(垃圾填埋场) and be buried (埋) together. These landfills can take up large areas of the ground. The electronic waste you throw away will pollute the soil and groundwater. Other pieces of garbage can be used to make other things if they properly recycled.
Now, many cities in China have taken action in recent years. For example, Shanghai announced in July that people must divide the garbage into four groups: recyclable, harmful, wet and dry.
Paper, metal, glass and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.
Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent (荧光的) bulbs. These things are not recyclable.
Wet waste is also known as household waste. “They are things you don’t want but pigs can eat.” Guangzhou Daily explained.
Some waste such as plastic bags, beer bottles and other man-made things will go into the “dry waste” bin.
Many other Chinese cities, including Shenzhen, Guangdong, plan to use this way to deal with their garbage. Let’s encourage each other to deal with our waste well by sorting it to protect the environment.
1．Why is it important to know how to deal with the trash in life
A．Because it helps develop children’s good habits.
B．Because it helps make much money by selling it.
C．Because it helps keep every neighborhood clean.
D．Because it helps save energy and protect the environment.
2．How should people in Shanghai separate their waste
A．Recyclable and non-recyclable.
B．Recyclable, non-recyclable and harmful.
C．Recyclable and other waste.
D．Recyclable, harmful, wet and dry.
3．Which of the following is NOT harmful waste
A．Medicine. B．Paper. C．Batteries. D．Fluorescent bulbs.
4．What does the underlined word “sorting” in the passage mean in English
A．Throwing. B．Collecting. C．Dividing. D．Clearing.
5．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．The way to deal with waste. B．The way to stop throwing waste away.
C．The way to protect the environment. D．The way to save energy.
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了垃圾分类的方法以及正确分类垃圾的意义.
1．细节理解题.根据“Not knowing how to deal with waste will make it harder to save energy and protect the environment”可知,不知道如何处理垃圾将使节约能源和保护环境更难,即如果懂得如何处理垃圾可能有助于节省能源、保护环境.故选D.
2．细节理解题.根据“For example, Shanghai announced in July that people must divide the garbage into four groups: recyclable, harmful, wet, and dry”可知,上海宣布,人们必须将垃圾分为四类:可回收垃圾、有害垃圾、湿垃圾和干垃圾.故选D.
3．细节理解题.根据“Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent (荧光的) bulbs.”可知,有害废物包括药品、电池和荧光灯泡,废纸不包括在有害垃圾里面.故选B.
4．词句猜测题.根据“Many other Chinese cities, including Shenzhen, Guangdong, plan to use this way to deal with their garbage. Let’s encourage each other to deal with our waste well by sorting it to protect the environment”可知,许多中国城市计划用垃圾分类的方式处理垃圾,来保护环境,故可推测出,划线单词表示“分类”,和dividing意思相同.故选C.
5．主旨大意题.通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了垃圾分类的方法以及正确分类垃圾的意义.故选A.
(四)
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury (埋) it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment; we should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generation (一代).
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases (气) or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion (时尚). More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
1．The writer starts the passage by ________.
A．telling stories B．comparing numbers C．asking questions D．giving suggestions
2．What does the underlined word “sustainable” mean
A．missing B．exciting C．lasting D．moving
3．What does the example of the waste electricity factories show us
A．We are taking less waste from developed countries.
B．China also tries to put waste into good use.
C．The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting.
D．Waste pollutes the environment.
4．From the passage we know that ________.
A．waste does harm only to the environment
B．those who break the law may not be punished
C．China never receives waste from developed countries
D．waste sorting starts to become popular in China
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文.介绍中国的废弃垃圾问题,中国一直尽力进行垃圾分类,现在垃圾分类也逐渐成为一种时尚,人们也逐渐养成了垃圾分类的习惯.
1．细节理解题.根据第一段“ But is it a proper way ”可知,它是一个合适的方式吗 这是用提出问题来引出话题.故选C.
2．词义猜测题.根据第二段“It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.”可知,它也会阻碍绿色和持续的发展.“and”连接前后的内容含义词性接近,“green”译为“绿色的,持续的”,所以划线词为相近含义.missing丢失的;exciting令人兴奋的;lasting持久的;moving移动的.故选C.
3．细节理解题.根据倒数第二段“China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories.”可知,中国也尽力将废物充分利用.一个例子就是废弃的电厂.所以举例用来说明本段的中心句也就是第一句,故选B.
4．主旨大意题.根据最后一段“The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类)...As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion (时尚). ”可知,中国政府正在鼓励人们进行垃圾废物分类,垃圾分类已经成为一个新的时尚.故选D.
(五)
Disney Green Experience — Sort (分类) & Recycle Adventure Time: This autumn Place: Shanghai Disney Resort Activities Begin the day with an exciting show performed by a band in Tomorrowland. You can learn about waste sorting there. Visit the four recycling machines in Fantasyland, Treasure Cove, Tomorrowland and Gardens of Imagination, and get to know about how they work. Take a trip to Fantasyland’s Tangled Tree Tavern, and you can practice sorting food waste there. Talk to Custodial Cast Members and see how pieces of art are created using waste and recyclable materials. The materials were collected around the park. Notes ●The program is available for school groups of 50—200 students aged between 7 and 11 across the country. ●Those who join the program will be offered a one-day theme park ticket. If they finish all the activities in the program, they will also be given a special certificate (证书).
1．The following students can join the program EXCEPT ________.
A．Gao Le, 13, from Xi’an B．Zheng Wei, 9, from Shanghai
C．Tian Tian, 11, from Beijing D．Zhang Lian, 7, from Taiyuan
2．What will students that take part in the program will receive
A．a PET bottle B．a special material C．a piece of art D．a theme park ticket
3．What can students do during the trip to Fantasyland’s Tangled Tree Tavern
A．Practice sorting food waste. B．Enjoy an exciting show performed by a band.
C．learn about the recycling machines. D．learn about how to turn waste into pieces of art.
4．What’s the main purpose of the program
A．To introduce the ways of protecting the environment. B．To teach students how to sort and recycle waste.
C．To show the students around the Disney parks. D．To encourage kids to take part in outdoor activities.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文主要是迪士尼举办环保活动的广告.
1．细节理解题.根据“The program is available for school groups of 50—200 students aged between 7 and 11 across the country.”可知该项目适用于全国范围内年龄在7至11岁之间的50—200名学生的学校团体.结合选项,13岁的高乐不可以参加.故选A.
2．细节理解题.根据“Those who join the program will be offered a one-day theme park ticket.”可知参加该项目的人将获得一天主题公园门票.故选D.
3．细节理解题.根据“Take a trip to Fantasyland’s Tangled Tree Tavern, and you can practice sorting food waste there.”可知在纠结树酒馆可以练习分类食物垃圾.故选A.
4．主旨大意题.根据“You can learn about waste sorting there.”可知这个项目的目的是教学生如何分类和回收垃圾.故选B.
(六)
When your pen is broken, the battery in your toy runs out, or you have some leftover food (厨余食物). What do you do with these things You will probably throw them into one bin.
But actually, all of these pieces of trash need to be sorted (分类) separately.
Garbage sorting is a big issue worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it.
Shanghai has worked with Alipay (支付宝) to create a “green account (绿色账户)” service for its residents. Account holders get points by correctly sorting their garbage. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products. The city is asking all of its residents to sort their garbage into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
Wet waste is also known as household waste. “They are things you don’t want, but that pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily explained.
Paper, metal (金属), glass and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.
Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯泡).
Finally, any waste that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” bin.
Many other Chinese cities are also using this method to sort their garbage. For example, Shenzhen has been sorting its garbage into the same four groups since 2012. Students there also receive waste-sorting guidebooks that they must study.
China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your trash properly and protect the environment.
If you don’t sort your garbage, all of it will go to a landfill (垃圾填理场) and be buried together. These landfills can take up large areas of ground that could have been used for planting trees or crops. The electronic waste you throw away, such as batteries, can pollute the soil and groundwater (地下水). Other pieces of garbage, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make other things if they are properly recycled.
1．How should we deal with all kinds of garbage
A．We can throw them into one bin. B．We can throw them away freely.
C．We can reuse them all D．We can sort them separately.
2．How is Shanghai encouraging people to sort their garbage
A．Creating a “green account” service with the help of Alipay.
B．Paying people to sort their trash correctly.
C．Allowing people to exchange garbage with each other.
D．Providing its residents with guidebooks to help them.
3．Which of the following would be classified as wet waste
A．Batteries. B．Glasses. C．Leftover food. D．Medicine.
4．What do we know about garbage sorting in China
A．It started its garbage sorting system in 2012.
B．Students have to take waste-sorting classes in school.
C．There is still a lot of work to be done in this area.
D．Burying garbage is a common method of getting rid of garbage.
5．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Where we can bury our waste.
B．Why we should sort our garbage properly.
C．What kinds of waste can pollute the environment.
D．How some kinds of waste can be reused and recycled.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文,短文讲述了垃圾应该进行分类.
1．细节理解题.根据文章第二段“But actually, all of these pieces of trash need to be sorted (分类) separately.”可知,我们应该把各种各样的垃圾单独分类.故选D.
2．细节理解题.根据文章第四段“Shanghai has worked with Alipay (支付宝) to create a ‘green account (绿色账户)’ service for its residents.”可知,上海通过与支付宝合作为其居民打造“绿色账户”来鼓励人们把垃圾分类.故选A.
3．推理判断题.根据文章第五段“Wet waste is also known as household waste. ‘They are things you don’t want, but that pigs can eat,’ Guangzhou Daily explained.”可知湿垃圾也称生活垃圾,是你不想要但猪可以吃的东西,因此吃剩的饭菜是湿垃圾.故选C.
4．细节理解题.根据文章第十段“China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.”可知,关于垃圾分类,我们中国人还有很多工作要做.故选C.
5．段落大意题.根据“If you don’t sort your garbage, all of it will go to a landfill (垃圾填理场)and be buried together.”可知最后一段主要讲了为什么要正确地分类垃圾.故选B.
(七)
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury(埋)it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable(可持续的)development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations.
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting(分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion. More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
1．How does the writer lead in the passage
A．By telling stories. B．By giving suggestions. C．By raising questions.
2．Which one is not the harm of the waste
A．Recycle the waste. B．Pollute the environment. C．Cause animals to die.
3．China began to prevent some certain kinds of waste coming into our country from ______ .
A．February 2018 B．January 2018 C．January 2016
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．Waste sorting starts to become popular in China.
B．China stops getting waste from developed countries.
C．Waste does harm only to the environment.
5．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．China tries to put waste into good use.
B．The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting.
C．Waste sorting is a serious problem.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国处理城市垃圾的现状和对策.中国正在认真应对垃圾问题,希望留给下一代的是清水绿山.
1．推理判断题.根据“...What about the useless part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way ”可知第一段通过几个问题引出了本文的话题.故选C.
2．细节理解题.根据“Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die.”可知垃圾污染环境,危害人们的健康,并导致动物死亡.故选A.
3．细节理解题.根据“From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country.”可知从2018年1月起,中国开始阻止24种垃圾进入我国.故选B.
4．推理判断题.根据“...More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.”可知越来越多的人养成了分类垃圾的习惯,即垃圾分类在中国开始流行.故选A.
5．主旨大意题.根据“The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting...”以及本段内容可知最后一段主要告诉我们中国政府正在鼓励人们进行垃圾分类.故选B.
(八)
A new rubbish system (系统) has been put into use in Fangchengyuan Community in Beijing. Local people not only sort(分类) their rubbish, but also put QR codes (二维码) on it. “When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward point to exchange for small gifts and even some money,” one of the local people told reporters. “It’s really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing. The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting. For example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year. Much of the rubbish is buried (填埋) in soil or burned without being sorted. Landfills take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases. Through rubbish sorting, we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What’s more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits, for example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins. Every year, families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments. They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.
In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins — the red lid (盖子) bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags, the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
1．What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community
A．A computer. B．A car. C．A lot of money. D．Some small gifts.
2．Which of the following is NOT the consequence (后果) of burying rubbish
A．Polluting soil. B．Polluting water.
C．Taking up a lot of land. D．Saving resources.
3．Which paragraph discusses the economic benefits of rubbish sorting
A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 4. C．Paragraph 5. D．Paragraph 6.
4．In Australia, which bin should you put food left after dinner in
A．The red lid bin. B．The yellow lid bin. C．The green lid bin. D．The black lid bin.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．In Australia, the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable (可回收的) wastes.
B．In Japan, all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins.
C．Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin if they don’t move away the wrapper first.
D．Australian people have to obey local timetables and directions to throw away rubbish.
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C
【分析】介绍了北京的一些社区的新型垃圾分类系统,同时,介绍了日本和澳大利亚的垃圾分类方法.
1．细节理解题.根据“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen, I will get reward point to exchange for small gifts and even some money”可知,如果当地人把日常垃圾放入新型垃圾分类系统中,他们可能会得到奖励积分,以换取小礼物,甚至一些钱.故选D.
2．细节理解题.根据“Landfills take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.”可知,填埋场占用大量土地,污染土壤和水,燃烧垃圾产生有害气体.故选D.
3．主旨大意题.根据文章第四段“What’s more, rubbish sorting saves resources, which could bring economic benefits, for example, a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water. Because of their benefits, some countries have developed successful sorting systems.”可知,本段主要是介绍垃圾分类之后带来的好处,即节省能源方面的内容,垃圾分类产生的经济效益.故选B.
4．细节理解题.根据“In Australia, every family is provided with three rubbish bins — the red lid (盖子) bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags”可知,食物应放在红色盖子的垃圾桶里.故选A.
5．推理判断题.根据“Japan has a strict and detailed system. When people throw away a water bottle, the cap, the wrapper (包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.”可知,日本有一套严格而详细的制度.当人们扔掉一个水瓶时,瓶盖、包装纸和水瓶本身必须放在三个不同的箱子里.故日本人如果不先把包装拿开,就不能把瓶子扔进垃圾桶.故选C.
(九)
Doing a research before you sort your rubbish can make all the difference. Recycling rules in one city is different from another. But wherever you live, here are a few ways to help you do it better.
* Don’t put your recyclables in a plastic bag
Plastic bags just cause a lot of trouble in the recycling process. They jam(使卡住)recycling machines. They blow off of landfills(垃圾填埋场)and arrive in oceans at last.
If you have a lot of plastic bags, you can turn to programs that focus on them. Otherwise, you may just put them in the dry garbage bin.
* You can recycle plastic bottle caps
Traditionally, plastic bottles with caps on caused problems. Bottles are made from #1 plastic. Their caps are made from #5 plastic. They melt(熔化) at different temperatures and need to be separated(分开).
But times have changed. Recycling machines have improved. In sorting factories, caps and bottles are separated. However, bottles with caps on usually take up more space—they are filled with air. So you may squeeze(挤压)the air out of your bottles before you recycle them.
* You can’t recycle a pizza box
The cardboard(硬纸盒)is recycled, but pizza boxes are not. Why Because of the oil on the boxes. It makes the paper non-recycled. It isn’t special to pizza boxes. Many food boxes are the same as those of the pizza boxes. Paper napkins, plates and towels are all non-recyclable for this reason.
1．How many ways does the writer tell us to help sort rubbish
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
2．By writing this article, the writer mainly wanted to________.
A．tell people what cannot be recycled
B．list some common mistakes in garbage sorting
C．encourage people to start sorting their garbage
D．help people do a better job in sorting their garbage
3．Why do plastic bottles and their caps need to be separated
A．Because plastic bottles cannot be recycled.
B．Because the caps of plastic bottles cannot be recycled.
C．Because the caps of plastic bottles often jam recycling machines.
D．Because plastic bottles and their caps melt at different temperatures.
4．The writer suggests we squeeze the air out of our plastic bottles before we recycle them so that________.
A．the bottle will take up less space
B．the bottle will melt at a lower temperature
C．the caps and bottles can be separated more easily
D．the bottle will do less harm to recycling machines
5．What can we learn from the passage
A．Pizza boxes can be recycled.
B．Paper napkins and towels are both non-recyclable.
C．The writer suggests we put plastic bags all in the dry garbage bin.
D．In sorting factories, caps and bottles aren’t separated.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B
【分析】本文介绍了一些更好进行垃圾分类的方式.
1．细节理解题.根据“But wherever you live, here are a few ways to help you do it better.”以及下文的三个小标题“* Don’t put your recyclables in a plastic bag”、“* You can recycle plastic bottle caps”、以及“* You can’t recycle a pizza box”可知本文列举了三种垃圾分类方式.故选C.
2．推理判断题.根据“But wherever you live, here are a few ways to help you do it better.”以及下文内容可知,作者写这篇文章是讲述将垃圾分类做得更好的方法.故选D.
3．细节理解题.根据“Bottles are made from #1 plastic. Their caps are made from #5 plastic.They melt(熔化) at different temperatures and need to be separated(分开).”可知,塑料瓶和盖子的熔点不同,所以要分开.故选D.
4．细节理解题.根据“However, bottles with caps on usually take up more space—they are filled with air. So you may squeeze(挤压)the air out of your bottles before you recycle them.”可知,挤压塑料瓶可以使瓶子占更少的空间.故选A.
5．细节理解题.根据“Paper napkins, plates and towels are all non-recyclable for this reason.”可知,纸巾、碟子以及毛巾为不可回收物.故选B.
(十)
Garbage sorting is a big issue worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it.
Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)” service for its residents (居民). Account holders get points by correctly sorting their garbage. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products. The city is asking all of its residents to sort their garbage into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
Wet waste is also known as household waste. “They are things you don’t want but that pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily explained. Paper, metal (金属), glass and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste. Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯泡). Finally, any waste that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” bin.
Many other Chinese cities are also using this method to sort their garbage. For example, Shenzhen has been sorting its garbage into the same four groups since 2012. Students there also receive waste-sorting guidebooks that they must study.
China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your trash properly and protect the environment.
If you don’t sort your garbage, all of it will go to a landfill (垃圾填埋场) and be buried together. These landfills can take up large areas of ground that could have been used for planting trees or crops. The electronic waste you throw away, such as batteries, can pollute the soil and groundwater. Other pieces of garbage, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make other things if they are properly recycled.
1．How is Shanghai encouraging people to sort their garbage
A．Paying people to sort their trash correctly.
B．Creating a “green account” serv ce with the help of Alipay.
C．Providing its residents with guidebooks to help them.
D．Allowing people to exchange garbage with each other.
2．Which of the following would be classified as wet waste
A．Glasses. B．Leftover food. C．Medicine. D．Batteries.
3．What do we know about garbage sorting in China
A．Students have to take waste-sorting classes in school.
B．There is still a lot of work to be done in this area.
C．Landfills are a common method of getting rid of garbage.
D．It started its garbage sorting system in 2012.
4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．How some kinds of waste can be reused and recycled.
B．What kinds of waste can pollute the environment.
C．Why we should sort our garbage properly.
D．Where we can bury our waste.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文.讲述了上海联合支付宝,退出绿书账号,鼓励人们进行正确垃圾分类,并从垃圾分类的方法,垃圾分类的重要性方面呼吁人们进行正确垃圾分类.
1．细节理解题.根据“Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)” service for its residents(居民).”可知,上海联合支付宝创建了绿色账户,促使当地居民进行垃圾分类.故选B.
2．细节理解题.根据“Wet waste is also known as household waste. They are things you don’t want but that pigs can eat,”可知,湿垃圾就是猪可以吃的垃圾.“Leftover food”意为“剩饭”,猪可以吃,故为湿垃圾.故选B.
3．细节理解题.根据“China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.”可知,中国正在提升垃圾分类力度,仍然有很长的路要走.故B.
4．主旨大意题.最后一段对于不进行垃圾分类行为进行了结果假设.比如土地被占,土壤和地下水被污染.通过这些实例告诉人们为什么人们要进行垃圾分类.故选C.