2024年高三英语题型专练复习-阅读理解（含解析）

2024年高三英语题型专练复习-阅读理解
（2022·江苏苏州 · 校联考二模）At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.
“He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi.
Carolyn Bertozzi, born October 10, 1966, Boston, was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her development of bioorthogonal reactions, which allow scientists to explore cells and track biological processes without disturbing the normal chemistry of the cell. She shares the $10 million Swedish kronor (about $1 million USD) prize equally with Morten Meldal, professor at University of Copenhagen and K. Barry Sharpless, professor at Scripps Research “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal
chemistry.”
Carolyn received a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1988 and a doctorate in the same subject from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, from 1993 to 1995. She became an assistant professor at Berkeley in 1996 and a full professor of chemistry and molecular and cell biology in 2002. She also held an appointment as a professor of molecular and cellular pharmacology from 2000 to 2002 at the University of
California, San Francisco. In 2015 she became a professor of chemistry at Stanford University.
“I could not be more delighted that Carolyn Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, Carolyn invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Her work has had remarkable real-world impact, providing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to treat disease. Carolyn is so deserving of this
honor, and all of us at Stanford are too proud to call her one of our own.”
Carolyn’s bioorthogonal reactions have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other
applications.
1 ．Why does the author mention the phone call Carolyn received in Paragraph 1
A ．To introduce the background information of Carolyn.
B ．To reveal a conversation between two scientists.
C ．To arouse the readers’ interest in the passage.
D ．To show the urgency about the information.
2 ．What can we learn about Carolyn from paragraphs 2 and 3
A ．Her education and success. B ．Her delight and pride.
C ．Her kindness and devotion. D ．Her dream and ambition.
3 ．What can we infer from Marc Tessier-Lavigne’s words
A ．He wants to cooperate with Carolyn.
B ．Carolyn has found a new cure for cancer.
C ．He benefits greatly from Carolyn’s findings.
D ．Carolyn’s findings are of great significance.
4 ．What is the text
A ．A profile. B ．A news report.
C ．A journal. D ．A book review.
（2022·江苏 · 一模）
5 ．What’s the purpose of the experiment
A ．To test the size of different people’s lungs.
B ．To hold the air that you blow out at a time.
C ．To know the amount of air your lungs can hold.
D ．To measure how much water you can blow out once.
6 ．In this experiment what’s water in the bottle used to do
A ．To hold the air you blow out.
B ．To show the size of the bottle.
C ．To measure the air you blow out.
D ．To display the process of the experiment.
7 ．Which of the following statements indicates the experimenter has a larger lung capacity
A ．The experimenter blows out air harder.
B ．The experimenter takes a deeper breath.
C ．Less water is left in the bowl after the experiment.
D ．Less water is left in the bottle after the experiment.
（2022·江苏 · 一模）The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one’s life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years past I have
taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.
One thing I do decide to do this year, with some unwillingness, is to give up writing the Grumpy Old Bookman column in this magazine. It’s not that I’ve lost interest in the book world, you understand. But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within
the same organization or line of business.
It is in fact well over 15 years since our editor wrote to me and asked if I would be interested in writing a regular piece about what was, even then, a rapidly changing publishing scene. He approached me because
since 2004 I had been writing a regular blog called, amazingly enough, Grumpy Old Bookman.
As my monthly survey of developments in both traditional and digital publishing continued, in this
magazine, I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in
something close to a paradise. Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher—or an agent if you wanted one—but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny
piece. Amazing.
After about five years of producing such columns, at just under a thousand words a time, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays drift away on the seas of time, it might be of value to potential readers to publish my thoughts and comments in book form. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the
dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2022.
8 ．Why does the author want to give up writing the column
A ．He follows Leonard Woolf’s suggestion.
B ．He is very keen on trying something new.
C ．He is fed up with the career linked to books.
D ．He’s used to changing his job every seven years.
9 ．According to the author, what can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A ．It is a blessing to live in the present times.
B ．Publishing industry is a profitable business.
C ．It is rather hard to publish books nowadays.
D ．Now it is amazing to find a publisher easily.
10 ．What do you think of the author
A ．Purposeful and good at self-reflecting.
B ．Dedicated but easy to doubt himself.
C ．Emotional and good at controlling himself.
D ．Ambitious but reluctant to change himself,
11 ．What does the author mainly want to tell us
A ．Giving up timely is another virtue.
B ．The beginning of a year is a new start.
C ．Reflection can drive us to push forward.
D ．Changing the job means a new opportunity.
（2022·广东茂名· 统考一模）Osa is an athletic yet stubborn 62-pound German shepherd(德国牧羊犬). The six-year-old dog has mastered the art of sniffing(嗅) out cancer and is key to a research project that has
the potential to change oncology(肿瘤学).
Osa is part of an ambitious effort launched five years ago at the University of Pennsylvania that aims to develop one of the most powerful scent-detection machines in the world: the canine nose. She is able to
distinguish between blood samples taken from cancer patients and their healthy peers simply by sniffing them.
In fact,Osa is one of five cancer-detection dogs trained by Annmarie DeAngelo and her co-workers at the university’s Penn Vet Working Dog Center. The most important goal is to develop an “electronic sniffer” that can approach the cancer-sniffing superpowers of Osa and her partners. Osa arrived at the Penn Vet Working Dog Center from a breeder at two months of age. Ever since, she has taken training. The process is demanding,challenging and repeated until the dog has mastered the most essential task of all. Finally, she has succeeded in sniffing out cancer. To transform Osa’s remarkable abilities into an electronic nose, researchers
use a similar approach to train the machine.
An electronic nose prototype(雏形)has been built, and it’s successful in sniffing out cancer 90 to 95 per cent of the time. That team has also correctly detected different types of cancer, and is building a cancer- detecting device for the National Institutes of Health. One objective is to be able to distinguish between early- and late-stage cancer.“It would be incredible to identify people at an early stage and really have an impact on saving lives,”says a researcher.“The dogs have been able to detect that. With that ability, a blood test could be sent to a central lab, or ideally performed in a doctor’s office, making some hidden cancers a thing
of the past. We expect that the cancer-sniffer device will be complete in a short time.”
12 ．What can we learn about Osa from the first two paragraphs
A ．She used to be a strong German dog.
B ．She was hard to deal with in the research.
C ．She uses her nose to know the presence of cancer.
D ．She can change the development of the oncology.
13 ．Which word can best describe the training Osa received
A ．Strict. B ．Complex. C ．Unstable. D ．Endless.
14 ．What can we infer from the researcher’s words in the last paragraph
A ．Blood tests will be more difficult in the future.
B ．There will be more dogs used for detecting cancer.
C ．Distinguishing cancers is important in early experiments.
D ．Hidden cancers may be detected by an electronic nose soon.
15 ．What is the most suitable title for the text
A ．The Results of a Study on Special Dogs
B ．The Importance of Dogs in Detecting Cancers
C ．The Approaches to Distinguishing Cancers
D ．The Problem of Having a Cancer Blood Test
（2022·广东广州 · 统考一模）From the concert halls of Europe to the tech industries of the United
States, C ．J. Santos has created a story across the globe.
Bom in Brazil, Santos moved to Switzerland at the age of 18, and earned degrees in both music performance and business administration there. During his next 10 years of “intense” career as a professional musician, he spent most of his time on the road. “I had the honor to perform in the top concert halls in Europe,” Santos said. “It really wore me out to be constantly traveling and performing, but it allowed me to see the world and understand it in its full diversity. This was a unique experience, and I carry its benefits with me to
this day”
Through these experiences, Santos was able to become fluent in six languages. With these skills under his belt, Santos worked with his wife, who is also fluent in four languages, to develop a small translation
business.
“Running it with no prior business experience was a challenging but exciting learning-by-doing experience,“ Santos said. “In addition, the translation industry experienced a massive digital transformation
in the last decade.”
This brought Santos to an MBA/M.S. program in business analytics and information management, where he got rich experience, knowledge and perspectives in different industries. The program provided him with something he clearly enjoys in life: variety “It helped me take the most advantage of the translation industry’s digital transformation. What I gained from the program is more than what I managed in the 15
years in Europe,” he added.
As Santos continues to grow his business, he’s also working as an advisor. “The world’s digital
transformation has advanced at high speed,” he said. “To me, it’s very exciting to be a valuable resource to
those who need help to jump onboard the digital express.”
16 ．What did Santos think of his career as a musician
A ．Stable but stressful.
B ．Tiring but rewarding.
C ．Unique and enjoyable.
D ．Demanding and fruitless.
17 ．What drove Santos to take up the MBA/M.S. program
A ．His strong desire for a Master’s Degree.
B ．The challenge from starting a new business.
C ．His lack of education background in business.
D ．The demand for a learning-by-doing experience.
18 ．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A ．The great variety Santos enjoys in life.
B ．The application of digital transformation.
C ．The benefits Santos got from the program.
D ．Santos’s viewpoint on translation industry.
19 ．In which aspect does Santos probably offer help as an advisor
A ．Digital solutions.
B ．Business analysis.
C ．Translation skills.
D ．Resources management.
（2022·广东肇庆 · 肇庆市第一中学校考一模） Best Short Story Collections Everyone Should Read
If you are on the lookout for great storytelling but don’t want to commit to a full-length novel, then short story collections are the answer. Here we have gathered four of the best short stories and collections, from
all sorts of backgrounds and sources, to help you grow your“To Be Read”pile.
Runaway by Alice Munro
This award-winning collection features eight stories by the Canadian author Alice Munro. With
straightforward and accessible prose(散文) ，Munro tells stories of women and their relationships——with strong themes of love, friendship, and motherhood, among others. The idea of running away is another theme
found throughout these stories.
The Complete Stories by Flannel O’Connor
Published in 1972,The Complete Stories actually won the National Book Award that same year. This collection includes 31 stories, twelve of which had never been included in any of O’Connor’s previous collections. They are told from the perspective of characters from the American South, as they deal with
social issues like racism, gender roles, and more.
The Refugees by Vied Thanh Nguyen
From Thanh Nguyen comes this Pulitzer Prize winning collection of eight short stories that are all about Vietnamese refugees(难民)who have moved to the US. However,instead of describing the hardships of their trips,Nguyen focuses on the lives they’ve established in their new country. Each story demonstrates a unique
immigrant experience as characters move between cultures, countries, relationships, memories, and emotions.
Flowers for Alger-non by Daniel Keys
This classic short story is about the journals of Charlie Gordon, a cleaner with an IQ of 68. Charlie’s luck changes when he is selected for an experiment that purports to turn him into a genius——but everything that goes up must come down in the end.Flowers for Alger-non won the Hugo Award in 1960 for its groundbreaking presentation. Heartbreaking and rich with subtle poignancy,it is likely to remain a staple for
centuries to come.
20 ．Whose collection should you choose if you are interested in the topic on racial discrimination
A ．Alice Munro. B ．Flannery O’Connor.
C ．Daniel Keys. D ．Vied Thanh Nguyen.
21 ．What do we know about The Refugees
A ．Its eight stories share the same characters.
B ．It focuses on women and their relationships.
C ．It is about the Vietnamese immigrants’ lives in the US.
D ．It mainly describes the hardships of Vietnamese refugees’ trips.
22 ．What do these short stories and collections have in common
A ．They consist of eight stories.
B ．They have won certain award.
C ．They are told from an immigrant’s perspective.
D ．They demonstrate the hardships of Canadian authors.
（2022·湖南益阳 · 统考模拟预测）Some roboticists believe robots can actually solve some of our
biggest social problems, including loneliness and dementia (痴呆).
In 2019, Japanese robotics company GrooveX introduced LOVOT, a robot that weighs as much as a baby and looks like a mix between a penguin and a bear. In fact, LOVOTis just one of the latest robots meant
to help people who are suffering from issues such as loneliness and dementia.
LOVOT has a system of sensors that allows it to move freely around a room and respond to things. For example, they will get its belly rubbed or fall asleep when it’s held. Also, when LOVOT needs a hug, it will find its owner in the house and wait until it is picked up. All over the world, robots like LOVOT are being used for “robot-assisted therapy (治疗)”. For example, when a robot baby seal named PARO was given to an elderly Australian patient with dementia, the patient spoke for the first time since arriving at the nursing facility. In New Zealand, when dementia patients were given the chance to play with PARO or a real dog,
they chose to play with PARO.
The invention of robots like LOVOT and PARO is no accident. Our society is quickly changing, and some countries are becoming “aging societies”. Sometimes, these older populations don’t have enough love or companionship in their life, and their age or health might mean they can’t care for a pet. That’s why LOVOT and PARO could be the perfect companions for both young and old folks, always ready to give love
without ever asking or anything in return.
23 ．Which of the following is a feature of LOVOT
A ．It offers help to all people. B ．Its weight is as heavy as a bear.
C ．It is recommended by GrooveX. D ．Its appearance is just like a penguin.
24 ．What does the underlined word “robot-assisted” in paragraph 3 mean
A ．Helped by robots. B ．Destroyed by robots.
C ．Trained by robots. D ．Completed by robots.
25 ．What is PARO according to the passage
A ．A robot baby dog that looks like a real dog.
B ．A robot baby seal that helps the patients with dementia.
C ．A robot baby bear that is used for “robot-assisted therapy” .
D ．A robot baby animal that cured an elderly Australian patient with dementia.
26 ．Why are LOVOT and PARO loved by many people
A ．Because they are robots. B ．Because they are attractive.
C ．Because they lack company. D ．Because they are needed by the society.
（2022·湖南郴州 · 统考一模） Shawanee Patrick is passionate about giving everyone the ability to walk as comfortably and effectively as possible through the use of walking assistive devices, such as prosthetics ( 假肢) and orthotics. A Ph.D ．student in the J. Mike walker 66 Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University,Patrick was inspired to help develop better walking assistive devices
by the partial paralysis (瘫痪) of her grandmother.
Her research focuses on developing and improving walking assistive devices by determining what inputs are important and outcomes that could improve the design process. “I like to say my research is about how to help people who can’t walk be able to walk, and how to help those who do walk. Walk better.” Patrick said. “That’s kind of my aim. Walking improves the quality of life, so it’s really important we help those
facing challenges when we can.”
The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges to Patrick’s research as well. Patrick’s research—which works with human studies—had been delayed several times by the health and availability of her subjects. Patrick said the process of conducting her research includes investigating the user’s needs from various angles. From the perspective of the user themselves to their physician and family members, Patrick said it is
necessary to build a complete picture of them.
Patrick is determined to make a positive impact on the lives of the people she works with. as well as the thousands more like them. Although the specific projectshe is working on will not be going to market. Patrick said she is hopeful that the research she is conducting could one day influence the development of a product
that makes its way to those who could greatly benefit from the support.
27 ．What inspired Patrick to start the project
A ．Her strong desire to help the old.
B ．Her grandmother’s disability.
C ．Her assignment in university.
D ．Her enthusiasm about mechanical engineering.
28 ．What is the purpose of Patrick’s research
A ．To figure out the facts about inputs.
B ．To cope with the important challenges.
C ．To improve the lives of those in need.
D ．To perfect the design process.
29 ．What was the necessary step when Patrick conducted the research
A ．Fully understand the users’ demands.
B ．Remove the C0VID-19 pandemic.
C ．Investigate the users’ health and availability.
D ．Contact the users’ physician and family members.
30 ．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A ．How to walk Better.
B ．A Cure for Painful Patients.
C ．A New walking Device.
D ．A Helpful Project Launched by A student.
（2022·湖北 · 恩施市第一中学校考模拟预测） A study recently looked into the state-to-state moving patterns of Americans. The study examined each state to determine how many of its adult citizens have moved there from other states. States with high percentages of these residents are called “magnet states” in the report. The study also investigated what percent of adults born in each state are still living there. States high in the number of these residents are called “sticky states”. The study found that some states were both
magnet and sticky, while others were neither. There were also states that were only magnet or only sticky.
Florida is a good example of a state that ranks high on both. Seventy percent of its current adult population was born in other states; at the same time, 66% of adults born in Florida are still living there. On the other hand, West Virginia is neither magnet nor particularly sticky. In other words, it has few newcomers. and relatively few West Virginians stay there. Michigan is a typical example of a state which is highly sticky,
but not magnet. In contrast, Alaska, which ranks near the top of the magnet scale, is the least sticky of all
states.
Here are some other extreme examples. New York is at the opposite end of the magnet scale, even though it is attractive to immigrants (移民) from other nations. Another extreme example is Texas. Although
it is a fairly weak magnet, it is the nation’s stickiest state.
The study went on to explore the reasons why movers leave their home states and stayers remain. As for movers, there is no single factor that influences their decisions to move to other states. The most common reason they gave for moving is to seek job or business opportunities. Others report moving for personal
reasons: family ties, the desire to live in a good community for their children, or retirement.
31 ．Which statement describes a magnet state
A ．Few adults born there have stayed.
B ．Few adults living there were born elsewhere.
C ．Many adults born there have stayed.
D ．Many adults living there were born elsewhere.
32 ．What is mainly talked about in this passage
A ．Moving patterns of Americans. B ．Collecting method of moving data.
C ．Benefits of living in a good community. D ．Reasons for some states’ less popularity.
33 ．Which state attracts most foreigners
A ．Florida. B ．Alaska. C ．New York. D ．Texas.
34 ．What topic might follow the last paragraph
A ．Ways to raise children, B ．Reasons why not move.
C ．States attracting immigrants. D ．Types of welcomed occupations.
（2022·湖北 · 恩施市第一中学校考模拟预测）Over the past few years, the amount and types of data available on the Internet and, in particular, the speed at which we can process the data, have increased to an
extent few people could have imagined. As a result, many new business models have appeared.
One such model is a large corporation arranging to have another company, often located in a different country, perform essential tasks. This became possible with the growth of reliable and secure communications and the ability to move massive amounts of data over long distances in an instant. A
company in the United States, for instance, first scans all its bills, orders, and wage payments into the
computer and sends the documents to an accounting center in, say, Costa Rica. Basic accounting activity is then carried out at that site. Next, the data is returned via the Internet to the original company, where high-
level analysis is done.
A second model is one in which work is divided into smaller, more specific tasks performed by individuals in different geographical locations. For example, specialists living at a great distance from each other can work together to produce a new semiconductor (半导体) design. A member of the group living in California does some initial work on the project and uploads the result onto a server. A colleague in Japan makes further additions to the design. Next, someone in Israel accesses it and does his/her part of the job. Finally the group member in California downloads it and gives it a final check. Thus, specialists in different
parts of the world team cooperate to complete a single project.
Now, more and more people are taking advantage of the career opportunities that the IT Revolution has
opened up. In this way, the best talent in the world can be chosen for each task wherever he or she is.
35 ．What factors are most considered by those companies using the first model
A ．Safety and rapidity. B ．Origin and popularity.
C ．Location and material. D ．Economy and ecology.
36 ．Which project could take the second business model
A ．To set up a pet hospital. B ．To hold the Olympic Games.
C ．To create a travelling guidebook. D ．To organizing an important exam.
37 ．What is the benefit the IT Revolution brings according to the text
A ．Simplifying workers' schedules. B ．Increasing the career opportunities.
C ．Satisfying the demand of customers. D ．Reducing the cost of doing business.
38 ．Which of the following might the author agree with
A ．All the work can be done digitally.
B ．Doing business relies on location less and less.
C ．Specialists don't need to go to company.
D ．The increasing of speed at processing the data is predictable.
（2022·山东 · 山东省实验中学校考三模）Sprite has been recognized for decades by its green cans
and bottles, but it is retiring its green plastic bottles after more than 60 years.
Starting Aug. 1, the Coca-Cola Co., which produces Sprite, will package the lemon-lime drink in clear plastic bottles in North America, the company announced Wednesday. Sprite’s current plastic contains green polyethylene terephthalate(PET)(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯), an additive(添加剂) that can’t be recycled into
new bottles, a key choice for the company as it looks to reduce plastic waste.
“When recycled, clear PET Sprite bottles can be remade into bottles, helping drive a circular economy for plastic.” Julian Ochoa, CEO of R3CYCLE, a plastic group helping Coca-Cola improve its recycling, said
in a statement.
Customers will also notice a revised logo and packaging design on the Sprite bottles that aims to provide a more “consistent look around the world,” the company said. The well-known green color will still be used on Sprite labels. Other beverages that use green bottles in Coke’s portfolio(系列产品), including Fresca.
Seagram’s and Mello Yello, will also be replaced with clear containers in the coming months.
Coca-Cola reported higher-than-expected second-quarter earnings Tuesday, citing strong demand, and
lifted its revenue forecast for the full year.
The beverage giant has often been criticized for contributing to environmentally damaging plastic waste. In 2020, the company was named as the world’sNo. 1 plastic polluter by the environmental firm Break Free From Plastic. Its logos and branding were found on 13, 834 pieces of discarded plastic in 51 countries, often
in public spaces such as parks and beaches.
39 ．Why will the Coca-Cola Co. stop using green Sprite bottles
A ．They think the old design is out of date.
B ．They want to cut down the production cost.
C ．Customers prefer clear bottles to green bottles.
D ．They want to help drive a circular economy for plastic.
40 ．Compared with the old Sprite bottles, what is the feature of the new ones
A ．They have not any plastic. B ．They have a consistent look.
C ．They have not green color at all. D ．They have quite a different design.
41 ．According to the passage, what is the problem with Sprite bottles
A ．Not the design, but the logo of the Sprite.
B ．Not the material, but the design of the bottles.
C ．Not the color, but the material: single-use plastic.
D ．Not the recycling, but using as much plastic as possible.
42 ．What can be inferred from this passage
A ．The Coca-Cola attaches importance to profits.
B ．The Coca-Cola lays the needs of customers first.
C ．The Coca-Cola values environmental protection most.
D ．The Coca-Cola likes the fame of the world’s No. 1 plastic polluter.
（2022·福建漳州 · 统考一模 ）Can you imagine there being a community where boys and girls growing up together can finally speak different languages In Ubang Nigeria, it really happens. It’s not exactly clear what percentage of the words in the men’s and women’s languages are different, but there are enough examples to make sentences sound different when spoken by the opposite sex. For “clothing”, men use the word “nki”, while women say “ariga”; “kitchi” means tree for men, while women say “okweng” . These are not just some slight pronunciation differences, but totally different words. “It’s almost like two different lexicons (词汇集),” a language expert, Chi Chi Undle said. “There are a lot of words that men and women share in common, but there are others which are totally different depending on your sex. They don’t
sound alike, and don’t have the same letters. They are completely different words.”
Interestingly, both men and women are able to understand each other perfectly in Ubang, as both boys and girls grow up around their parents and get to learn both languages, but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue. It seems that there is a stage the male will reach and he discovers he is not using the rightful language. When he starts speaking the men’s language, you know the maturity is coming into
him.
No one really knows how or why the double-language tradition of Ubang began. ChiChi Undie believes the two languages are the result of a “double-sex culture” where men and women operate in two separate spheres (范围) and live in separate worlds that rarely come together. However, she admits this is a weak theory, as the double-sex culture is present in many parts of Africa, where there are no different languages
for men and women.
Today, with English words constantly entering the lexicon of young Nigerians,Ubang’s two languages are in danger of being lost forever. Worse still, neither the male nor female language is written down, so they
both rely on young people passing them down to the next generation.
43 ．What do we know about languages in Ubang
A ．Word differences account for a high percentage.
B ．Men and women speak totally different languages.
C ．Word differences partly exist between the opposite sex.
D ．Men and women pronounce differently on the same word.
44 ．Why can me and women understand each other easily in Ubang
A ．Their lexicons sound alike.
B ．They learn both languages at school.
C ．The men can speak two different languages.
D ．They are exposed to both languages in their childhood.
45 ．What does Chi Chi Undie want to explore in Paragraph 3
A ．The change of double-sex culture.
B ．The theory of doube-sex culture.
C ．The origin of double-language tradition.
D ．The sphere of double-language tradition.
46 ．How does the author feel about the disappearing languages in Ubang
A ．Frightened. B ．Concerned.
C ．Confused. D ．Stressed.
参考答案：
1 ．C 2 ．A 3 ．D 4 ．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学化学家 Carolyn R. Bertozzi 在化学方面的成
就以及其受教育情况。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.(凌
晨 1 点 43 分。2022 年 10 月 5 日，斯坦福大学化学家 Carolyn R. Bertozzi 被诺贝尔委员会代表的电
话吵醒，电话告诉她：“你有 50 分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。 ”贝尔托兹被告知不 要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理
工学院的退休物理学教授。 )可知电话时间、内容与来电者都可以激发读者兴趣。故选 C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Carolyn Bertozzi, born October 10, 1966, Boston, was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her development of bioorthogonal reactions, which allow scientists to explore cells and track biological processes without disturbing the normal chemistry of the cell.( Carolyn Bertozz ，1966 年 10 月 10 日出生于波士顿，因其生物正交反应的发展而被授予诺贝尔化学奖。生物正交反应使科 学家能够在不干扰细胞正常化学反应的情况下探索细胞并跟踪生物过程。)”以及文章第三段“Carolyn received a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1988 and a doctorate in the same subject from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, from 1993 to 1995. She became an assistant professor at Berkeley in 1996 and a full professor of chemistry and molecular and cell biology in 2002. She also held an appointment as a professor of molecular and cellular pharmacology from 2000 to 2002 at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2015 she became a professor of chemistry at Stanford University.( Carolyn 1988 年获得哈佛 大学化学学士学位，1993 年获得加州大学伯克利分校化学博士学位。1993 年至 1995 年，她在加州 大学旧金山分校做博士后。 1996 年， 她成为伯克利大学的助理教授， 2002 年成为化学、分子和细胞 生物学的正教授。2000 年至 2002 年，她还在加州大学旧金山分校担任分子和细胞药理学教授。2015 年， 她成为斯坦福大学的化学教授。)”可知文章第二段主要介绍了 Carolyn 在化学方面的贡献， 第三 段主要介绍了她的教育与学历的情况，所以从文章的二三段中我们可以了解到 Carolyn 的有关教育
和成功的情况。故选 A 项。
3 ．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““In pioneering the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, Carolyn invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Her work has had remarkable real-world impact, providing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to treat disease. Carolyn is so deserving of this honor, and all of us at Stanford are too proud to call her one of our own.”(“在开创生物正交化学领域时， Carolyn 发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法， 这种方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化 学反应有了更深入的了解。她的工作产生了显著的现实影响，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方 法。Carolyn 是当之无愧的，我们斯坦福的所有人都为她感到骄傲，以至于称她为自己人。”)”可知
Carolyn 的发现帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解， 为治疗疾病提供
了新的诊断和治疗方法，所以从 Marc Tessier-Lavigne 的话中我们可以推出 Carolyn 的发现意义重大。
故选 D 项。
4 ．推理判断题。文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.(凌 晨 1 点 43 分。2022 年 10 月 5 日，斯坦福大学化学家 Carolyn R. Bertozzi 被诺贝尔委员会代表的电 话吵醒，电话告诉她：“你有 50 分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。 ”贝尔托兹被告知不 要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理 工学院的退休物理学教授。)”总的概括全文内容， 文章二、三段主要介绍的是 Carolyn 的化学成就以 及其受教育的情况，文章最后两段主要介绍 Carolyn 发现的重大意义以及具体应用，由此可见，文 章主要介绍了 Carolyn 获得诺贝尔化学奖这一事件的始末及其后续影响，因此为新闻报道。故选 B
项。
5 ．C 6 ．C 7 ．D
【导语】这是一篇实验说明书，介绍了测试肺活量这一实验的步骤。
5．推理判断题。根据说明书左上角“When you try to blow out a lot of candles, you may not have enough air in your lungs to get them all. Here’s how to measure your lung capacity.(当你试图吹灭很多蜡烛时， 你 的肺里可能没有足够的空气来吹熄所有的蜡烛。以下是测量肺活量的方法。)”可知这个实验的目的
是测试你的肺能容纳多少空气，即肺活量。故选 C。
6 ．细节理解题。根据说明书左下角“What happened ”下文的“How much water did you blow out (你吹 出了多少水 )”以及“Compare the amount of air you blew into the bottle to the amount of liquid the bottle can hold (2 liters. for example).(比较一下你吹进瓶子里的空气量和瓶子能容纳的液体量（例如 2 升） )”
可知瓶子里的水是为了来测量你吹出的空气。故选 C。
7．推理判断题。根据实验步骤以及说明书左下角“What happened ”下文“How much water did you blow out (你吹出了多少水 )”以及“Compare the amount of air you blew into the bottle to the amount of liquid the bottle can hold (2 liters. for example).(比较一下你吹进瓶子里的空气量和瓶子能容纳的液体量（例 如 2 升）)”可知将瓶子里的水吹出的越多，肺活量越大，即瓶子里剩下的水越少，肺活量越大。故
选 D。
8 ．A 9 ．A 10 ．A 11 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己如何通过反思而产生了自己新的专栏，来说明反思
可以推动我们前进。
8 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.(但是伦纳德 ·伍尔夫， 作家 弗吉尼亚 ·伍尔的丈夫， 曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人会说， 如此频繁地改 变整个职业生涯有点过分，但我确实发现，在我自己的工作生涯中，如果你能偶尔在同一机构或同 一业务领域尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂)”可知，作者放弃写专栏是因为他采纳了伦纳
德 ·伍尔夫的建议。故选 A 项。
9 ．推理判断题。根据第四段中“As my monthly survey of developments in both traditional and digital publishing continued, in this magazine, I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non- fiction, are living in something close to a paradise. Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher—or an agent if you wanted one—but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny piece.(随着我每月对传统出版和数字出版发展的调查继续进行，在这本杂志上， 我开始意识到，这个世纪的小说和非小说作家，都生活在一个接近天堂的地方。曾经，你要花好几 年的时间才能找到出版商——如果你想找的话也可以找个代理商——但现在你可以出版自己的作品 了，无论是电子版的还是平装本的，每本都不用花一分钱)”可推知，作者认为现今对小说和非小说
作家非常友好，活在当下是一种福气。故选 A 项。
10 ．推理判断题。根据第一段“The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one’s life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years past I have taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.(传统上， 新年伊始 是回顾人生的时候，或许也是制定新年计划的时候;多年来，我一直利用假期回顾自己的目标和抱 负)”可知，作者是个善于自我反省的人，再根据二段中“But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as
a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.(但是
伦纳德 ·伍尔夫， 作家弗吉尼亚 ·伍尔的丈夫， 曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人 会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分，但我确实发现，在我自己的工作生涯中，如果你能 偶尔在同一机构或同一业务领域尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂)”可知，作者是个目的明
确的人，所以综上可知，我认为作者是个目标明确，善于自我反省的人。故选 A 项。
11 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one’s life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years past I have taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.(传统上， 新年伊始 是回顾人生的时候，或许也是制定新年计划的时候;多年来，我一直利用假期回顾自己的目标和抱 负)”可知， 本文主要是讲作者如何反思自己， 再根据最后一段“After about five years of producing such columns, at just under a thousand words a time, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays drift away on the seas of time, it might be of value to potential readers to publish my thoughts and comments in book form. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2022.(在写了大约 5 年这样的专栏， 每次不到 1000 字之后， 我突 然想到，与其让这些文章在时间的海洋中漂流，不如把我的想法和评论以书的形式发表出来，对潜 在的读者可能会有价值。因此，在 2014 年，我用亚马逊的 Create 空间设施出版了第一批 69 个平装 本的 GOB 专栏。标题:作家们欢呼吧!一本记录数字时代黎明的月报，这是我的第一次尝试。现在， 我真诚地祝愿一个新的 2022)”可知，作者通过反思于是有了自己的又一新的专栏。所以作者主要想
告诉我们反思可以推动我们前进。故选 C 项。
12 ．C 13 ．A 14 ．D 15 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员通过训练使得五只狗可以利用嗅觉提前发现癌症，
这为电子嗅探器的完成奠定了基础。
12 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The six-year-old dog has mastered the art of sniffing(嗅) out cancer(这 只六岁的狗已经掌握了嗅出癌症的本领)”以及第二段中“She is able to distinguish between blood samples taken from cancer patients and their healthy peers simply by sniffing them.(她只需嗅一嗅， 就能区分癌症
患者和健康同龄人的血液样本)”可知， Osa 用鼻子来知晓癌症的存在。故选 C 项。
13 ．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ever since, she has taken training. The process is demanding, challenging
and repeated until the dog has mastered the most essential task of all.(从那以后，她一直在接受训练。这
个过程要求很高，很有挑战性，而且反复进行，直到狗掌握了最基本的任务)”可知，该训练非常严
格。故选 A 项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘It would be incredible to identify people at an early stage and really have an impact on saving lives,’ says a researcher. ‘The dogs have been able to detect that. With that ability, a blood test could be sent to a central lab, or ideally performed in a doctor’s office, making some hidden cancers a thing of the past. We expect that the cancer-sniffer device will be complete in a short time.’(一位研究人 员表示：‘在早期阶段就识别出对挽救生命有影响的人，这将是难以置信的。狗已经能够检测到这一 点。有了这种能力，血液检测可以被送到中央实验室，或者最好在医生的办公室进行，让一些隐藏 的癌症成为过去。我们预计癌症嗅探器设备将在短时间内完成。’)”可知，研究人员已确定狗经训练 后具备知晓癌症的能力，这种能力可以使一些隐藏的癌症成为过去，并预计癌症嗅探器将很快完成。
从而可推断出， 一些隐藏的癌症可能很快可以通过电子鼻被发现。故选 D 项。
15 ．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Osa is part of an ambitious effort launched five years ago at the University of Pennsylvania that aims to develop one of the most powerful scent-detection machines in the world: the canine nose. She is able to distinguish between blood samples taken from cancer patients and their healthy peers simply by sniffing them.(Osa 是五年前宾夕法尼亚大学发起的一项雄心勃勃的计划的一部 分，该计划旨在开发世界上最强大的气味检测机器之一：犬鼻。她只需嗅一嗅，就能区分癌症患者 和健康同龄人的血液样本)”以及上下文可知，文章主要介绍了研究者通过训练使得狗能够通过嗅觉 区分癌症患者与正常人体的血液样本，以此判断病人是否患有癌症，这将为癌症嗅探器的完成提供
了很大帮助。从而可知，本文主要在说明狗在检测癌症中所起的重要作用。故选 B 项。
16 ．B 17 ．B 18 ．C 19 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 C. J. Santos 从欧洲的音乐厅到美国的科技产业的经历。 16．推理判断题。根据第二段“It really wore me out to be constantly traveling and performing, but it allowed me to see the world and understand it in its full diversity. (不断的旅行和表演真的让我筋疲力尽， 但它让 我看到了世界，并充分理解了它的多样性)”可推断，桑托斯认为他的音乐家生涯虽然累但有回报。
故选 B。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段““Running it with no prior business experience was a challenging but exciting learning-by-doing experience,“ Santos said. (桑托斯说：“在没有任何商业经验的情况下经营这家公司是
一种具有挑战性但令人兴奋的边做边学的经历。 ”)”和第五段“This brought Santos to an MBA/M.S.
program in business analytics and information management, where he got rich experience, knowledge and perspectives in different industries.(这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的 MBA/M.S.项目，在那里 他获得了丰富的经验，知识和不同行业的观点)”可知，创业的挑战驱使桑托斯攻读 MBA/M.S.项目。
故选 B。
18 ．主旨大意题。根据第五段“This brought Santos to an MBA/M.S. program in business analytics and information management, where he got rich experience, knowledge and perspectives in different industries. The program provided him with something he clearly enjoys in life: variety. “It helped me take the most advantage of the translation industry’s digital transformation. What I gained from the program is more than what I managed in the 15 years in Europe,” he added.( 这使桑托斯获得 了商业分析和信息管理 的 MBA/M.S.项目， 在那里他获得了丰富的经验， 知识和不同行业的观点。这个项目为他提供了他在生 活中显然很享受的东西：多样性。 “它帮助我充分利用了翻译行业的数字化转型。我从这个项目中获 得的东西比我在欧洲 15 年所管理的还要多。”)”可知，本段主要介绍桑托斯从这个项目中得到的好
处。故选 C。
19 ．细节理解题 。根据最后一段 “As Santos continues to grow his business, he’s also working as an advisor. “The world’s digital transformation has advanced at high speed,” he said. “To me, it’s very exciting to be a valuable resource to those who need help to jump onboard the digital express.”(随着桑托斯的业务 不断发展， 他也在担任顾问。 “世界数字化转型正在高速推进， ”他说。 “对我来说， 能够成为那些需 要帮助的人乘坐数字快车的宝贵资源是非常令人兴奋的。 ”)”可知， 桑托斯作为顾问， 可能会提供数
字解决方案方面的帮助。故选 A。
20 ．B 21 ．C 22 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了四部获奖的短篇小说集。
20 ．细节理解题 。根据 The Complete Stories 一书介绍 中 的最后一句话“ They are told from the perspective of characters from the American South, as they deal with social issues like racism, gender roles, and more.( 他们是从美国南方人物的角度讲述的，因为他们处理种族主义、性别角色等社会问题)”
可知，如果你对种族歧视话题感兴趣，你应该选择《小说全集》。故选 B。
21 ．细节理解题。The Refugees 一书介绍中的第二句话“However, instead of describing the hardships of their trips, Nguyen focuses on the lives they’ve established in their new country. (然而，阮并没有描述他
们旅行的艰辛，而是将重点放在他们在新国家建立的生活上)”可知，作者并没有描述越南难民艰难
的移民过程，而是专注于他们如何在新的国家立足。故选 C。
22．细节理解题。从文章第一本书的“This award-winning collection features eight stories by the Canadian author Alice Munro. (这本获奖作品集以加拿大作家爱丽丝 · 蒙罗的八个故事为特色)”、第二本书的 “Published in 1972,The Complete Stories actually won the National Book Award that same year. (1972 年 出版的《故事全集》实际上在同一年获得了国家图书奖)”、第三本书的“From Thanh Nguyen comes this Pulitzer Prize winning collection of eight short stories that are all about Vietnamese refugees( 难 民)who have moved to the US. (这部获得普利策奖的短篇小说集由 Thanh Nguyen 创作，共八部，都是关于移 居美国的越南难民的)”以及第四本书的“Flowers for Alger-non won the Hugo Award in 1960 for its groundbreaking presentation. (1960 年，《阿尔杰农之花》以其开创性的表现获得雨果奖)”可知，四个
故事集都获过奖。故选 B。
23 ．C 24 ．A 25 ．B 26 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款机器人——LOVOT，这款机器人能够帮助患有孤独
和痴呆等问题的人。
23 ．细节理解题 。根据第二段第一句话 “In 2019, Japanese robotics company GrooveX introduced LOVOT, a robot that weighs as much as a baby and looks like a mix between a penguin and a bear. (2019 年， 日本机器人公司 GrooveX 推出了 LOVOT，这款机器人的重量与婴儿一样重，看起来像企鹅和 熊的混合体)”可知，LOVOT 这款机器人被日本机器人公司 GrooveX 推出并推荐给了大家。故选 C。 24．词义猜测题。根据画线句子后面的举例“For example, when a robot baby seal named PARO was given to an elderly Australian patient with dementia, the patient spoke for the first time since arriving at the nursing facility. In New Zealand, when dementia patients were given the chance to play with PARO or a real dog, they chose to play with PARO.(例如，当一个名叫 PARO 的机器人海豹宝宝被送给一位患有痴呆症的澳 大利亚老年患者时，这位患者在抵达护理机构后首次开口说话。在新西兰，当痴呆症患者有机会与 PARO 或真狗玩耍时， 他们选择与 PARO)”可知， 像 LOVOT 这样的机器人都是帮助病人康复的， 所
以猜测划线的单词意为“被机器人帮助的” 。故选 A。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句话“For example, when a robot baby seal named PARO was given to an elderly Australian patient with dementia, the patient spoke for the first time since arriving at the nursing facility.(例如， 当一个名叫 LOVOT 的机器人海豹宝宝被送给一位患有痴呆症的澳大利亚老年
患者时，这位患者在抵达护理机构后首次开口说话)”可知，PARO 是一款帮助痴呆症患者的机器人
小海豹。故选 B。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数最后一段“The invention of robots like LOVOT and PARO is no accident. Our society is quickly changing, and some countries are becoming “aging societies”. Sometimes, these older populations don’t have enough love or companionship in their life, and their age or health might mean they can’t care for a pet. That’s why LOVOT and PARO could be the perfect companions for both young and old folks, always ready to give love without ever asking or anything in return.(像 LOVOT 和 PARO 这样的机 器人的发明绝非偶然。我们的社会正在迅速变化，一些国家正在成为“老龄化社会”。有时，这些老 年人在生活中没有足够的爱或陪伴，他们的年龄或健康状况可能意味着他们无法照顾宠物。这就是 为什么 LOVOT 和 PARO 可以成为年轻人和老年人的完美伴侣，随时准备付出爱，而不需要任何回
报） ”推知，这两款机器人受人们喜欢的原因是它们被社会所需要。故选 D。
27 ．B 28 ．C 29 ．A 30 ．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述博士生肖瓦妮 · 帕特里克受到了祖母部分瘫痪的启发， 发明了
一种步行辅助设备，帮助很多有需要的人能够生活的更好，提高了生活质量。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“Patrick was inspired to help develop better walking assistive devices by the partial paralysis(瘫痪) of her grandmother.”(帕特里克受到祖母部分瘫痪的启发，帮助开发更好的步行
辅助设备。 )可知，帕特里克是受到了祖母部分瘫痪的启发才启动了这个项目。故选 B。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her research focuses on developing and improving walking assistive devices by determining what inputs are important and outcomes that could improve the design process. “I like to say my research is about how to help people who can’t walk be able to walk, and how to help those who do walk. Walk better.” Patrick said. “That’s kind of my aim. Walking improves the quality of life, so it’s really important we help those facing challenges when we can.””(她的研究重点是通过确定哪些输入是重要的 以及哪些结果可以改进设计过程来开发和改进步行辅助设备。帕特里克说：“我想说，我的研究是关 于如何帮助那些不会走路的人能够走路，以及如何帮助那些会走路的人。走路更好。”“这是我的目 标之一。步行可以提高生活质量，所以我们在可能的时候帮助那些面临挑战的人真的很重要。”)可
知，帕特里克做这个研究的目的是为了帮助那些需要帮助的人能够生活的更好。故选 C。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“Patrick said the process of conducting her research includes investigating the user’s needs from various angles. From the perspective of the user themselves to their physician and family
members, Patrick said it is necessary to build a complete picture of them.”(帕特里克说，她的研究过程包
括从不同角度调查用户的需求。帕特里克说，从用户自己到医生和家人的角度来看，有必要为他们
建立一个完整的画面。 )可知，帕特里克认为，从不同角度调查用户的需求是很必要的。故选 A。
30．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Shawanee Patrick is passionate about giving everyone the ability to walk as comfortably and effectively as possible through the use of walking assistive devices, such as prosthetics (假 肢) and orthotics. A Ph.D. student in the J. Mike walker 66 Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University, Patrick was inspired to help develop better walking assistive devices by the partial paralysis (瘫痪) of her grandmother.”(肖瓦妮 · 帕特里克热衷于通过使用步行辅助设备，如假肢和矫形器，让每 个人都能尽可能舒适有效地行走。帕特里克是德克萨斯农工大学 J.Mike walker 66 机械工程系的博士 生， 她祖母的部分瘫痪启发她帮助开发更好的步行辅助设备。)可知， 这篇文章主要讲述博士生肖瓦
妮 · 帕特里克受到了祖母部分瘫痪的启发，发明了一种步行辅助设备。故选 D。
31 ．D 32 ．A 33 ．C 34 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国城市居民迁移的特点。
31．细节理解题。由第一段第二、三句“The study examined each state to determine how many of its adult citizens have moved there from other states. States with high percentages of these residents are called ‘magnet states’ in the report. (该研究调查了每个州， 以确定有多少成年公民已经从其他州搬到那里。在报告中， 这些居民中比例较高的州被称为“磁铁州” 。)”可知，居民中由其他州迁移到本州占比较高的州为“磁
铁州” ，也就是在这样的州，许多住在那里的成年人都出生在其他地方。故选 D。
32 ．主旨大意题。由第一段第一句“A study recently looked into the state to state moving patterns of Americans.(最近的一项研究调查了美国人的移动模式)”可知，文章的内容主要是关于美国城市人口
的迁移模式。故选 A。
33．推理判断题。由第三段第二句“New York is at the opposite end of the magnet scale, even though it is attractive to immigrants (移民) from other nations. (尽管纽约对来自其他国家的移民很有吸引力，但它
的吸引力却处于磁铁天平的另一端)”可知，纽约市吸引大多数外国居民。故选 C。
34．推理判断题。由文中最后一段第一句“The study went on to explore the reasons why movers leave their home states and stayers remain.(这项研究继续探索了迁移者离开他们的家乡州和滞留者留下的原因。 )” 以及接下来的“As for movers...”可知， 研究要探索离开和留守的原因， 前面分析的是离开的原因， 那
么接下来就应该分析留守的原因了。故选 B。
35 ．A 36 ．C 37 ．B 38 ．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了两种商业模式及其特点和应用。
35 ． 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 的 “This became possible with the growth of reliable and secure communications and the ability to move massive amounts of data over long distances in an instant.(随着可 靠和安全通信的发展，以及瞬间长距离传输大量数据的能力，这成为可能。) ”可知，对于第一种商
业模式来说，安全性和快捷性是很重要的。故选 A 项。
36 ．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“A second model is one in which work is divided into smaller, more specific tasks performed by individuals in different geographical locations.(第二种模式是将工作分成更小、 更具体的任务，由不同地理位置的个人完成。)”可知，信息技术革命带来的第二种商业模式是可以 由身处不同地理位置的人执行， C 项“设计一份旅游指南”可由身处不同地理位置的人协同完成， 与
文章内容一致。故选 C 项。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段“more and more people are taking advantage of the career opportunities that the IT Revolution has opened up(越来越多的人正在利用信息技术革命带来的职业机会)”可知， 信息技
术革命“提升了就业机会” 。故选 B 项。
38 ．推理判断题。根据原文对两种商业模式的介绍可知，随着信息科技和信息技术革命的发展，不 同地理位置的人和公司可以协同办公。再根据最后一段“ In this way, the best talent in the world can be chosen for each task wherever he or she is.” （这样， 无论他或她在哪里， 都可以为每一项任务选择世界
上最好的人才）由此判断出，作者可能同意做生意越来越不依赖地理位置。故选 B 项。
39 ．D 40 ．B 41 ．C 42 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可口可乐公司经常因制造破坏环境的塑料垃圾而受到批评， 其对旗下的雪碧用透明塑料瓶代替原来的塑料瓶， 同时修改了标志和包装设计， 旨在提供更“全球一
致的外观”。
39．推理判断题。根据第三段“When recycled, clear PET Sprite bottles can be remade into bottles, helping drive a circular economy for plastic.” （回收后， 透明的 PET 雪碧瓶可以重新制作成瓶子， 有助于推动 塑料的循环经济。） 可知可口可乐公司将停止使用绿色雪碧瓶，因为他们希望推动塑料的循环经济。
故选 D 项。
40．细节理解题。根据第四段“Customers will also notice a revised logo and packaging design on the Sprite
bottles that aims to provide a more “consistent look around the world,” the company said.” （该公司表示，
顾客还将注意到雪碧瓶上经过修改的标志和包装设计， 旨在提供更“全球一致的外观”。）可知与旧雪
碧瓶相比，新雪碧瓶的特点是外观一致。故选 B 项。
41 ．细节 理解题 。根据 最后 一段 “The beverage giant has often been criticized for contributing to environmentally damaging plastic waste.” （这家饮料巨头经常因制造破坏环境的塑料垃圾而受到批评。）
可知根据文章，雪碧瓶的问题不是颜色，而是材质： 一次性塑料。故选 C 项。
42 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Coca-Cola reported higher-than-expected second-quarter earnings Tuesday, citing strong demand, and lifted its revenue forecast for the full year.”（可口可乐周二公布了高 于预期的第二季度收益，理由是需求强劲，并上调了全年收入预期。） 可知可口可乐公司重视利润。
故选 A 项。
43 ．C 44 ．D 45 ．C 46 ．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尼日利亚乌邦语的特点，男性和女性的语言在词汇上有
一定的差别。文章分析了这种语言现象的原因，特点以及这种语言现象存在即将消失的危险。
43 ．细节理解题。根据第一段““There are a lot of words that men and women share in common, but there are others which are totally different depending on your sex. They don’t sound alike, and don’t have the same letters. They are completely different words.”(“有很多男人和女人共用的词汇，但根据你的性别，有些 词完全不同。它们听起来不一样， 字母也不一样。它们是完全不同的词。 ”)”可知， 尼日利亚乌邦语 中，女性和男性在词汇上有很大的不同，即：在尼日利亚乌邦语中，部分词汇因性别不同而不同。
故选 C。
44 ．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“Interestingly, both men and women are able to understand each other perfectly in Ubang, as both boys and girls grow up around their parents and get to learn both languages, but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue.(有趣的是， 在乌邦， 男人和女人都能 完全理解对方， 因为男孩和女孩都在父母身边长大， 学习两种语言， 但到 10 岁时， 男孩预计会说男 性语言)”可知，在乌邦，女人和男人能够完全理解对方，是因为他们在童年时是在这种语言环境中
长大的。故选 D。
45．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“No one really knows how or why the double-language tradition of Ubang began. (没有人真正知道乌邦的双语传统是如何或为什么开始的） ”可推知，Chi Chi Undie 想在
第三段中探讨乌邦双语传统的起源。故选 C。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Worse still, neither the male nor female language is written down, so they
both rely on young people passing them down to the next generation.(更糟糕的是，男性和女性语言都没 有被记录下来，因此他们都依赖年轻人将其传给下一代)”可推知，作者担心乌邦的双语传统会消失。
故选 B。