北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 Education单元综合提能卷（含解析）

Unit 5 Education 单元综合提能B卷
阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D．C． for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1．How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Six.
2．What will each of the honorable mention winners get
A．A plane ticket. B．A book by Corinne Szabo.
C．A special T-shirt. D．A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3．Which of the following will result in disqualification
A．Typing your poem out. B．Writing a poem of 120 words.
C．Using both sides of the paper. D．Mailing your entry on October 30.
B
A year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “Wait a minute,” someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar ”
The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a period I spent searching for briefcase and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class. I’m Mr. Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.
I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.
“All right then,’’ I said. “Okay, here we go.” Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forest of hands. Every student would shout. “Calm down, you’ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at a time!”
A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I asked the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.
4．The author took the job to teach writing because .
A．he wanted to be respected B．he had written some stories
C．he wanted to please his father D．he had dreamed of being a teacher
5．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2
A．He would be aggressive in his first class.
B．He was well-prepared for his first class.
C．He waited long for the arrival of his first class.
D．He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.
6．Before he started his class, the author asked the students to .
A．cut some cards out of the construction paper
B．write down their names on the paper cards
C．cut maple leaves out of the construction paper
D．write down their suggestions on the paper cards
7．What did the students do when the author started his class
A．They began to talk. B．They raised their hands.
C．They kept silent. D．They shouted to be heard.
C
A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
“It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. "The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to, said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”
8．According to the first paragraph, the robotic fly is ________.
A．larger than a fat housefly B．as large as a fat housefly
C．smaller than a fat housefly D．as large as a housefly
9．The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that ________.
A．they had no model in their mind B．they did not have sufficient time
C．they had no ready-made components D．they could not assemble the components
10．It can be inferred from Paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly ________.
A．consists of a flight device and a control system B．can just fly in limited areas at the present time
C．can collect information from many sources D．has been put into wide application
11．Which of the following can be learned from the passage
A．The robotic fly is designed to learn about insects.
B．Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.
C．There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.
D．Wood's design can replace animals in some experiments.
D
There are many changes that can happen in a person’s life. Some changes are very small and would not affect your life very much. However, other events could be very important and could change a person’s whole life. The important event that changed my life is coming to the United States to study.
When first arrived in this country, I realized that a great transformation (转变) would happen in my life both physically and mentally. After spending more than two months in the United States, I firmly believe that moving to the United States is a beneficial change for me. This change provides me a chance to lead healthy lifestyle as well as a new way of thinking that are important for me.
It is necessary to have this change as it offers me a healthy lifestyle. Before coming to the United States, I used to stay up late at night to study and wake up early in the morning. This could cause me to get sick easily. When I decided to come to America, I made up my mind and determined to keep healthy routine (惯例). For example, enjoy the American-style- meal which includes having a fresh salad instead of cooked vegetables. This method of cooking vegetables helps me absorb more vitamins from them.
Additionally, this most important change enables me to think differently and internationally. This is my first time living in North-America country. Hence, I have a brand-new chance to experience a new culture. By knowing more about different cultures, I have become more considerate and understanding of various habits as well as behaviors from different races.
Since I came here, I have changed my eating and sleeping habits in a good way. Thus, this change is very important and beneficial for me
12．What does the author mainly want to tell us in the passage
A．There exist great changes during a person’s life.
B．Small changes will bring great influence on society.
C．An important event has changed the life of the author.
D．The author values the chance to study in the United States.
13．How did the author feel after he landed onto the new country
A．He got well prepared for the challenging life.
B．He found himself facing a great challenge.
C．He discovered life here quite agreed with him.
D．He knew he had to change his healthy lifestyle.
14．What can we learn from the third paragraph
A．The author is becoming healthier and healthier.
B．The author feels happier and more content.
C．The author learned how to cook American meals.
D．The author decided to live as the Africans do.
15．Which of the following impresses the author most
A．The American-style meal. B．A new way of living.
C．Experiencing a new culture. D．Changing his behaviors.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips on Learning a New Language Before Travelling
Whenever you travel to a foreign place, it is helpful knowing a bit of the local language. 16 But speaking the local language shows you care and it will help you mix with the locals easily. To learn a language, you do not have to take full time classes. You can follow some of the tips to pick up some basics quickly before that trip.
Practise. The more you study the language, the better. 17 Think of it like learning an instrument or training for a marathon. The amount of time you'll need depends on the language you're learning, how often you practice and your learning style.
18 One good way to practise is to use the language you’re learning. And who is better to speak a language with than a native speaker who can train you better and correct your mistakes Find one on the internet or in real life and strike a conversation with them. There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with. 19
Download a language app. Your app store offers a vast amount of options for language learning. Apps like Google Translate, Duolingo, Bilingual or Hi Native can help you to learn languages quickly. 20 But they are not necessarily the best choice if you're short on time and trying to master the basics. They can also help a lot when you're struggling to communicate while on vacation.
A．Speak to native speakers.
B．Constantly use the language.
C．You can also find a private class to attend.
D．Trips can help make the process fun and easy.
E．Learning a language doesn't happen overnight.
F．Those apps can help you learn the language effectively.
G．You may not know how to pronounce the words correctly.
二、 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you need a practical reason for learning a new language, such as your job or your studies Or perhaps you’re interested in the literature of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a 21 of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of 22 , but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people. They 23 an environment where you can practice under the 24 of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead 25 lives and learning a language takes 26 . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a 27 .
Many people start learning a language and soon 28 . “I’m too old,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more 29 than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 30 . And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people 31 about the mistakes they make when learning. Well, 32 and laugh about your mistakes and you’re much less likely to 33 them again.
Learning a new language is never 34 . But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be 35 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in their own language. Good luck!
21．A．view B．knowledge C．form D．vocabulary
22．A．paintings B．regulations C．methods D．computers
23．A．provide B．protect C．pollute D．clean
24．A．control B．command C．guidance D．pressure
25．A．busy B．happy C．simple D．normal
26．A．courage B．time C．energy D．place
27．A．theory B．business C．routine D．project
28．A．carry out B．give up C．keep up D．make out
29．A．closely B．quickly C．privately D．quietly
30．A．age B．speed C．distance D．school
31．A．worry B．hesitate C．think D．quarrel
32．A．regret B．relax C．encourage D．worry
33．A．laugh B．correct C．make D．study
34．A．tiresome B．hard C．interesting D．easy
35．A．blamed B．amazed C．interrupted D．informed
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There was a woman who suffered from a serious disease and had to sit in a wheelchair. One day, she watched her son under his car 36 (repair) the vehicle.
Suddenly the car fell to one side, pinning (压住) the boy under it. She screamed for her husband 37 ran to help, but he couldn’t move the car. He climbed into his own vehicle and sped off 38 help.
The mother, who hadn’t walked for months, realized that her son’s cries were growing 39 (weak) and she knew that it would be up to 40 (she) to save the boy.
She rose to her feet and walked on shaky legs to the car. Bracing herself, she lifted the car. The car rose a few inches — just enough 41 (let) the boy get free.
After thorough examination, she 42 (find) only to have suffered strained muscles. The doctor said, “I will always wonder how high she might have lifted that car 43 she had been well and strong.”
When life knocks us down and it seems impossible to get back up, we need to find a way to do 44 needs to be done. It is just at these times that we come face to face with a reserve of 45 (strong) we never know we have.
三、 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对你在法国的交换生经历很感兴趣，请你回复一封邮件，介绍你的交换生学习经历，内容包括：
①你的学习经历；
②你的感受。
注意：①词数80左右；
②开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Many years ago, I worked at a very small county animal shelter. Under the state regulations, we were only allowed to keep a dog for a certain period of time before it was claimed by its owner. Unluckily, we had limited space, and when a new dog came in, we had to make room for it somehow. It wasn't always the most pleasant task.
One day, about an hour before closing time, a small, elderly, red dog was sent here. We had no space and didn't know what we should do. My heart broke. In fact, we were supposed to let go of one of the dogs who had been there too long, but the volunteers had been putting in extra hours, bathing the dogs, and taking their pictures to try to find them homes. We were full, but the other dogs all stood a good chance of finding a home if they just had some time.
That little old dog waddled over to me and sat at my feet. She looked up with cloudy eyes, and then curled up on the floor. I bent down, lifted her to the desk, and gave her a quick exam. Her teeth were in terrible condition, but it appeared the cause was a lifetime of canned food. Someone was surely looking for this princess.
We found her a box. To our surprise, the dog whined and wagged her tail. I set her down on the floor, and she waddled over and climbed into the box! I decided to take her home for the night, and she could spend the days in the office until her owner came. Then we wouldn't have to put down another dog to open a cage.
I finished up my paperwork while the old dog slept in the box. When it was time to leave, she followed me.
Paragraph 1:
In the morning, she accompanied me to work.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
One of our volunteers knew an old woman who would love this dog.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第4页，共5页
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。
1．细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项(写一首120字的诗)是会被取消资格的。故选B。
4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C
【分析】本文是记叙文。作者叙述了自己成为老师所上的第一节课的情景。这节课和自己事先预想的不一样，这节课竟然很沉闷，这令作者很失望。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis.及最后一句someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar ”可知，我毫不犹豫地接受了这个工作，因为他想自己像父亲一样受人尊敬，所以选A。
5．推理判断。根据文章第二段But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.可知当作者第一次进入课堂的时候，神经紧张。他的声音不像是一名有思想的教授，倒像一个12岁的小男孩。这表明作者很紧张。故选D 。
6．细节理解。第三段的I arrived in the classroom with paper cards … I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.可知作者上课的第一件事是让学生把自己的名字写在卡片上。可知选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二行A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions.可知学生都很安静地坐在那里，都没有说话，故本题选C项。
8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.(这个微型机器的设计目的是做苍蝇自然会做的事情，它只有一只肥胖的家蝇大小)”可知，机器人苍蝇和一只肥胖的家蝇一样大。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own(类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，我们不得不靠自己去开发)”可知，工程师团队在制造机器人飞行时遇到的困难是他们没有现成的组件。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. (虽然第一架机器人飞行器与一个小型非机载电源相连，但最终目标是为其配备一个内置电源，以便有朝一日它可以在救援地点、农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集工作)”可推知，目前由于电池等的限制，只能在有限的区域飞行，故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead(你可以开始考虑用它们来回答开放的科学问题，你知道，用动物很难做到的方式来研究生物学，但可以用这些机器人来代替)”可知，这些机器人可以替代动物，故选D。
12．C 13．A 14．A 15．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者到美国的留学经历不仅使他养成良好的生活习惯，同时了解不同国度的文化。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段的“The important event that changed my life is coming to the United States to study.(改变我人生的一件大事就是来美国留学)”可知，作者主要想讲述来美国学习给他带来的变化，故选C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“When first arrived in this country, I realized that a great transformation (转变) would happen in my life both physically and mentally.(当最初到达这个国家时，我意识到我的身心都会发生一个巨大的转变)”可知，在这个新的国度，作者从身心上做好了准备，故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“This method of cooking vegetables helps me absorb more vitamins from them.(这种烹调蔬菜的方法有助于我从蔬菜中吸收更多的维生素)”可推断出，通过改变饮食习惯作者摄入有益与健康的物质，这样会使他的身体越来越健康，故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据第四段的“this most important change enables me to think differently and internationally.(这个最重要的改变使我能够以不同的方式、站在国际化的角度去思考)”可知，本段中提到的“I have a brand-new opportunity to experience a new culture(我有一个全新的机会去体验一种新的文化)”是给作者留下印象最深的，故选C项。
【点睛】
16．G 17．E 18．A 19．C 20．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者针对如何在旅行前，学习一门新语言这个问题，给出了一些建议。
16．上文“Whenever you travel to a foreign place, it is helpful knowing a bit of the local language. ”说当你到一个外国旅行时，懂一点当地语言是有帮助的。下文“But speaking the local language shows you care and it will help you mix with the locals easily. ”但是会说当地的语言会显示你的关心，也会帮助你轻松地融入当地人。该空承上启下，G选项“你可能不知道这些单词的正确发音”切题。G选项中the words指代上文中的a bit of the local language。该选项指出你在旅游时，说当地语言可能存在的一些问题，与下文“说当地语言的好处”形成转折关系。故选G。
17．上文“The more you study the language, the better.说对于这门语言，你学得越多越好。结合该段小标题Practise，强调了练习的重要。E选项“学习一门语言不是一蹴而就的”是上文的原因。下文“Think of it like learning an instrument or training for a marathon. ”说把它想象成学习一种乐器或马拉松训练，很好地承接了E选项，下文中的it指代选项中的“Learning a language”。故选E。
18．该设空处为段落小标题。根据本段内容“One good way to practise is to use the language you’re learning. And who is better to speak a language with than a native speaker who can train you better and correct your mistakes Find one on the internet or in real life and strike a conversation with them. There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with.（一个练习的好方法是使用你正在学习的语言。还有什么比一个能更好地训练你，并纠正你的错误的说母语的人交谈更好的呢 在网上或现实生活中找一个，和他们交谈。有一些免费的语言交换网站，在那里你可以找到说母语的人来练习。）”可知这一段主要讲了和讲母语的人交谈是学习当地语的一个好方法。所以该段落小标题为“与母语人士交谈”，该段落中多次出现native speakers，与 A选项中的native speakers相呼应。故选A。
19．上文“There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with. ”说有一些免费的语言交换网站，在那里你可以找到说母语的人练习。这里指出了寻找练习机会的渠道，该空承接上文，指出寻找练习机会的另外一个方法。C选项“你也可以找一个私人课程来参加”，其中also是一个很明显的提示词。故选C。
20．上文“Apps like Google Translate, Duolingo, Bilingual or Hi Native can help you to learn languages quickly.”说像谷歌Translate, Duolingo, Bilingual或Hi Native这样的应用程序可以帮助你快速学习语言。这里指出了这些语言学习应用的优点，该空指出另一个优点，F选项“这些应用程序可以帮助你有效地学习语言”切题，选项中的Those apps对应上文中的Apps。故选F。
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学习一门新语言的方法以及需要为之付出的努力。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：或者你可能对另一个国家的文学感兴趣，你知道了解这个国家的语言会有多大帮助。A. view观点；B. knowledge知识；C. form形式；D. vocabulary词汇量。根据上文“Do you need a practical reason for learning a new language,”提到学习一门新语言，可推知，此处为了解这个国家的语言会有很大的帮助。have a knowledge of“了解……”为固定短语。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数人使用各种方法学习效果最好，但对许多人来说，传统课程是一个理想的开始。A. paintings图画；B. regulations规则；C. methods方法；D. computers电脑。根据下文“but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.”but引起的转折，可推知，此处为表示大多数人使用各种方法学习效果最好。故选C项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提供了一个环境，你可以在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。A. provide提供；B. protect保护；C. pollute污染；D. clean清扫。根据下文“where you can practice under the ___4___ of someone who’s good at the language.”可知，此处为表示你可以在这个环境下做的事情，由此可推知，他们提供了一个环境。故选A项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们提供了一个环境，你可以在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。A. control控制；B. command要求；C. guidance指导；D. pressure压力。根据该句中的“someone who’s good at the language.”可知，此处为你可以在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。故选C项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都过着忙碌的生活，学习一门语言需要时间。A. busy忙碌的；B. happy开心的；C. simple简单的；D. normal正常的。根据句意以及下文“learning a language takes ___6___.”可知，学习一门语言需要时间，由此可推断，我们都过着忙碌的生活。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都过着忙碌的生活，学习一门语言需要时间。A. courage勇气；B. time时间；C. energy能量；D. place地方。根据上文提到的我们都过着忙碌的生活，以及该句中的takes可知，此处为表示我们都过着忙碌的生活，学习一门语言需要时间。故选B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你有规律地学习，你会取得更大的成功，所以试着养成一种习惯。A. theory理论；B. business生意；C. routine习惯；D. project项目。根据上文“You will have more success if you study regularly”如果你有规律地学习，你会取得更大的成功，由此可推知，此处为试着养成一种习惯。故选C项。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多人开始学习一门语言，很快就放弃了。A. carry out执行；B. give up放弃；C. keep up保持；D. make out辨认出。根据下文““I’m too old,” they say.”以及下文内容可知，此处为表示很多人学习语言放弃的借口或原因。故选B项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：是的，孩子学习语言的速度确实比成人快，但是研究表明，你可以在任何年龄学习一门语言。A. closely紧密地；B. quickly快速地；C. privately私下地；D. quietly安静地。根据上文提到的他们认为自己太老了而放弃学习语言，以及该句中的“Yes, children do learn languages…”可推知，此处为孩子学习语言的速度确实比成人快。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是的，孩子学习语言的速度确实比成人快，但是研究表明，你可以在任何年龄学习一门语言。A. age年龄；B. speed速度；C. distance距离；D. school学校。根据上文提到的孩子学习语言的速度确实比成人快，以及该句中的but转折可知， 此处为孩子学习语言的速度确实比成人快，但是研究表明，你可以在任何年龄学习一门语言。故选A项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也听过人们担心他们在学习时犯的错误。A. worry担心；B. hesitate犹豫；C. think认为；D. quarrel争吵。根据句意以及该句中的“the mistakes they make when learning.”学习时犯的错误，可推知，此处为表示人们担心他们在学习时犯的错误。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好吧，放松一下，对你犯的错误一笑置之，你就不太可能再犯了。A. regret后悔；B. relax放松；C. encourage鼓励；D. worry担心。根据and连接的laugh以及下文“and you’re much less likely to ___13___them again.”可推知，此处为表示放松一下，对你犯的错误一笑置之，你就不太可能再犯了。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好吧，放松一下，对你犯的错误一笑置之，你就不太可能再犯了。A. laugh笑；B. correct改正；C. make做，犯；D. study学习。根据上文“___12___and laugh about your mistakes”放松一下，对你犯的错误一笑置之，可推知，此处为表示你就不太可能再犯错了。故选C项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学习一门新语言从来都不容易。A. tiresome烦人的；B. hard困难的；C. interesting有趣的；D. easy容易的。根据下文“But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress.”通过努力和投入，就会取得进步，由此可推知，此处为表示学习一门新语言从来都不容易。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你用他们的母语说几句话时，你会惊讶于他们的积极反应。A. blamed责备；B. amazed使惊讶；C. interrupted打断；D. informed通知。根据该句中的“by the positive reaction”积极反应，以及下文“when you say just a few words in their own language.”当你用他们的母语说几句话时，可推知，此处为表示你会惊讶于他们的积极反应。故选B项。
36．repairing 37．who/that 38．for 39．weaker 40．her 41．to let 42．was found 43．if 44．what 45．strength
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了坐轮椅的母亲在儿子被汽车压住时，奇迹般地站了起来并鼓足力气抬起汽车，使儿子脱险。由此可知，人们在危急的时候，真的能够爆发出平时所不知道的储备力量。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：有一天，她看着儿子在车底下修理汽车。分析可知，句子谓语为“watched”，所填动词应是非谓语在短语结构“watched her son under his car ____1____ (repair) the vehicle”中作宾语补足语，“watch sb. do sth”意为“看着某人做了某事”；“watch sb. doing sth”意为“看着某人正在做某事”，结合语境可知，应是“正在做”。故填repairing。
37．考查定语从句。句意：她尖叫着要她丈夫帮忙，但他无法移动汽车。分析可知，“___2____ ran to help”为之前名词“her husband”的限定性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，此处用关系代词who/that引导。故填who或that。
38．考查介词。句意：他上了自己的车，疾驰而去求救。分析可知，空后“help”为名词，所填空应是介词，结合句意可知此处表示目的，用介词for(为了)。故填for。
39．考查形容词比较级。句意：母亲已经几个月没有走路了，她意识到儿子的哭声越来越弱，她知道要救儿子就要靠自己了。分析可知，动词“growing”此处意为“变得”，为系动词，所填空应是形容词作表语，根据上下文可知，母亲意识到儿子的叫声越来越微弱了，因此应是形容词比较级。故填weaker。
40．考查人称代词宾格。句意：母亲已经几个月没有走路了，她意识到儿子的哭声越来越弱，她知道要救儿子就要靠自己了。分析可知，空处做短语“be up to”的宾语，用人称代词的宾格形式。“be up to sb. to do sth”，意为“由某人负责/决定做某事”。故填her。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：汽车上升了几英寸——刚好足以让男孩逃脱。分析可知，“enough to do sth”，意为“足以做某事”，动词不定式做结果状语。故填to let。
42．考查时态和语态。句意：经过全面的检查，她只是肌肉拉伤。分析可知，所填动词应是句子谓语，结合前后文时态可知，应是一般过去时，动词“find”与主语“She”之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态：was done。故填was found。
43．考查虚拟语气。句意：医生说：“我一直在想，如果她身体健康且强壮的话，她能把车举多高。”分析语境可知，“how high she might have lifted that car ____8____ she had been well and strong(如果她身体健康且强壮的话，她能把车举多高 )”是一个含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句，从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，应用if在此引导条件状语从句。故填if。
44．考查宾语从句。句意：当生活把我们击倒，似乎不可能重新站起来，我们需要找到一个方法去做需要做的事情。分析可知，“____9____ needs to be done”为之前动词“do”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what引导。故填what。
45．考查名词。句意：正是在这些时候，我们面对着我们从未知道自己拥有的力量储备。分析可知，“of”为介词，之后接名词作宾语，“strong”为形容词，意为“强壮的”，其名词形式为“strength”。故填strength。
46．One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Glad that my exchange learning experience in France interests you.
The exchange programme was arranged by my school. Initially, we studied at one middle school, where I learned a lot related to French education. Then we visited universities, churches and famous scenic spots, which is a precious chance to make sense of French culture.
Without this experience, I wouldn’t have expanded my knowledge of France that it has become so strongly developed. However, we still have a lot to learn from other countries.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim写信，告知他你的交换生学习经历，内容包括：①你的学习经历；②你的感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
安排：arrange→organize
珍贵的：precious→valuable
机会：chance→opportunity
然而：however→nevertheless
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Without this experience, I wouldn’t have expanded my knowledge of France that it has become so strongly developed.
拓展句：If I hadn’t had this experience, I wouldn’t have expanded my knowledge of France that it has become so strongly developed.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Initially, we studied at one middle school, where I learned a lot related to French education. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Then we visited universities, churches and famous scenic spots, which is a precious chance to make sense of French culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．Paragraph 1:
In the morning, she accompanied me to work. I took good care of her and added a blanket to her box, her only shelter for the time being. I took many pictures of her and posted them online, hoping that someone would pick her up so that she could have a home to spend the rest of her time. It wasn't a pleasant job, though. However, what excited me was that her health improved.
Paragraph 2:
One of our volunteers knew an old woman who would love this dog. I tried my best to find the old lady. She fell in love with the dog the moment she saw her. I told her that the dog was in terrible condition and needed to be taken good care of. She never minded, replying that it would make her feel she was still useful. Later on, I learned that the dog had the most joyful time with the old lady and died peacefully.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在动物收容所工作，这天来了一只老狗，但是收容所里没有多余的空间了，作者决定把它带回家过夜，白天它可以呆在办公室直到它的主人来。最后老狗的健康状况得到改善，也找到了一位老妇人愿意领养它。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“早上，她陪我去上班。”可知，第一段可描写作者和这只狗相处的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“我们的一个志愿者认识一位老妇人，她会喜欢这只狗。”可知，第二段可描写老妇人收养狗的经过。这只狗和老太太在一起度过了最快乐的时光，它安详地死去了。
2.续写线索：狗陪作者上班——作者给狗拍照发到网上——狗的健康状况得到改善——狗被老妇人收养——狗安详地死去
3.词汇激活
行为类
照顾：take care of / look after
拍照：take pictures/ take photos
尽力：try one’s best to / spare no effort to
情绪类
糟糕的：terrible / horrible
快乐的：pleasant / joyful /happy
【点睛】[高分句型1] I took many pictures of her and posted them online, hoping that someone would pick her up so that she could have a home to spend the rest of her time. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] She never minded, replying that it would make her feel she was still useful. (运用了现在分词作状语)