Period Ⅱ: Reading（第二课时）
第一部分 教案设计
教学内容
Reading（第82页），本课时主要学习Reading A文章的内容，了解一年四个季节的特征。
教材分析
“Reading”部分A，学习一篇描写四季的诗歌,让学生熟练掌握和运用一些功能用语,谈论喜欢的季节的一些特征以及喜欢的原因。
教学目标
基础知识
掌握词汇：shower, upon, as, temperature, drop, rise
词组：be full of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), forget to grow, turn brown, fall into piles upon the ground,
harvest crops, fly far away, among flowers
句型：What a perfect time to fly a kite!
Farmers work ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to harvest crops, as the days are shorter and the temperature drops.
基本技能
1 读懂四季小诗。
2 了解四季的变化。
3复习和拓展有关四季气候和特征的词汇。
综合素质
利用所学内容，能讨论和用英语表达自己最喜欢的季节及原因，激发学生对大自然的热爱之情。
教学重难点及突破
重点：掌握基本的四会单词、词组及句型。
难点：学会用英语谈论自己最喜欢的季节及原因。
教学突破： 课前让学生就自己喜欢的季节进行图片和资料收集，为课堂上的讨论进行充分地准备。
教学准备
教师准备：多媒体课件 学生准备：1有关四季景色的视频或图片。
2收集有关季节的素材，准备制作海报的材料。
Step I Pre-reading（阅读前）
1Free talk: What's your favorite season Why
2 Spring is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) best season of the year. It's warm and windy. It's the best time to fly kites. Bees and butterflies play among flowers. 显示词组 among flowers ，解释其含义为“在花丛中”。 If the rain comes, they hide from the April showers. 这时，显示词汇 shower,解释其含义为“阵雨”。
Summer is hot, but we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can enjoy a long summer holiday. What can we do in summer There are also quiet streams, trees and shade. I like chatting or reading in the shade of trees in the middle of the day. The temperature rises quickly at that time.显示词汇 temperature 和 rise,解释其含义为“温度”和“上升”。
3展示秋天的视频或图片What co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lour are the leaves In autumn, the leaves turn brown. They fall into piles upon the ground.显示词组 fall into piles upon the ground,解释其含义为“成堆落在地上”。 It's the best time for farmers to harvest crops 显示词组harvest crops,解释其含义为“收割庄稼”。
4展示冬天的视频As t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he days are shorter and the temperature drops, winter is coming.显示词汇as，向学生解释其含义为“随着”。 It's cold in winter. Sometimes it's snowy. The ground is covered with snow. Trees and flowers forget to grow. Birds fly far away.通过形象的画面来理解词组be full of\forget to grow, fly far away 的意思是“充满”、记生长”、“飞向远方”。
Step II Practice（操练）
1 Now pleas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e open your books and turn to page 83. Look at Part B2. We're going to listen to the poem. Write down the correct seasons in the blanks. Then match each season with the description in the poem.
2根据B2部分的短语，用完整的句子描述各个季节。
3记忆四季的基本特征。
Step III While-reading（阅读中）
1默读本课诗歌——四个季节，呈现问题帮助学生理解。
2 Read the poem ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain and find the rhyming words.总结归纳， 如第一段中的韵脚snow和grow、away 和day; 第二段中的韵脚 bright和kite、flowers和showers; 第三段中的韵脚days和shade，pool 和cool; 第 四段中的韵脚brown和ground、crops和drops、begin和again。
3 Read the poem aga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in, and then discuss and find the sentences in which the writer uses personification.解释personification的含义，理解这种修辞方法。
Step IV Practice（操练）
1完成B1部分的练习，找出诗中韵脚，巩固前面所学内容。
2完成B3部分的练习，再次阅读小诗，朗读对话并核对答案。
3完成B4部分的练习。对每个季节进行陈述，同时核对答案。最后全班集体朗读短文。
Step V Activity（活动）
1 Please repeat the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )poem after the tape. Pay attention to your pronunciation and intonation.
2 Please read the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oem together and express your feelings about each season.
3 I'm going to divide ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you into four groups. Each group will read one of the seasons.
4进行朗诵比赛，参赛的学生选择一个季节来朗诵，其他的学生加以点评。
教材习题
教材第45页
Keys：Part B1 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )grow 2 day 3 kite 4 showers 5 shade 6 cool 7 ground 8 drops 9 again
Part B2 1 c spring 2 d autumn 3 b winter 4 a summer
教材第46页
Part B3 1 windy— sunny (line 2) 2 cloudy—windy (line 4)
3 wind— showers (line 4) 4 busy—lazy (line 7)
5 green— brown (line 9) 6 rises— drops (line 9)
Part B4 1 snow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2 temperature 3 perfect 4 Bees 5 hide 6 memories
7 ice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cream 8 streams 9 shade 10 leaves 11 fall 12 crops
随堂小练习
根据句意、汉语及单词提示完成下列句子
1. Do your sister like the song Two ______________(蝴蝶)？
2. Practice more, then we will have a good _________________(记忆)。
3.The wind blew in and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) all the newspaper fell down ________(在…之上)the ground.
4. Bees will fly away when the __________(阵雨) come.
5. Autumn is a busy and _________(收获的)season.
6. ________(树叶) turn brown and fall into ________(堆) in Autumn .
7. In winter, the day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are shorter and the ________________(气温) drops.
8. He _________(起立) and went out angrily.
9. It’s so hot. I would like to go to a tree s________________.
10. He d____________ his books into the pool last week.
【keys】
1.butterflies 2.memory ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 3.upon 4.showers 5.harvest 6.Leaves 7.temperature 8.stood 9.shade 10.dropped
Step VI Homework(家庭作业)
1熟读课文，记忆本课时所学的词汇、词组和句型。
2能力较强的学生熟背课文。
3完成教师布置的书面练习。
板书设计
Unit 7 Seasons Reading Words: shower upon as temperature drop risePhrases: be ful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l of forget to grow turn brown fall into piles upon the ground harvest crops fly far away among flowers Sentences: What a perfect time to fly a kite!Farmers work to harvest crops, as the days are shorter and the temperature drops.
教学探讨与反思：
本节课是Reading的教 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学，Reading是每个单元的重点内容，本节课先通过复习上堂课的天气和季节而自然过渡到本节课，通过图片、视频导入激发学生的兴趣与好奇，激发学生的学习兴趣，拓宽学生的视野，发挥学生的自主性。通过听力和问题的设置来训练学生的听力以及口头表达能力，让学生加深对课文内容的理解，为后面讨论最喜欢的季节及理由做准备。通过自我表达和讨论，增加了师生和生生之间的了解，促进学生和大自然的感情。
第二部分 讲解分析
一、 新词的导学与解读
1. memory
【用法】n. 记忆; 记忆力
【举例】All these facts were stored in the old man’s memory.
这些事都贮存在这个老人的的记忆之中。
Do you want to improve your memory 你想要改善你的记忆力吗？
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子。
这次重要的访问将永远留在我的记忆中。
This important visit will always remain in my______ .
【点译】memory
2. shade
【用法】n. 树荫; 阴影；阴凉处
【举例】What a pleasant shade the big tree give us! 这棵大树底下多么荫凉舒服呀！
All sunshine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )without shade, all pleasure without pain, is not life at all.
只有阳光而无阴影，只有欢笑而无痛苦,那就不是人生。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
他们在长草上玩耍,这里是竹子、无花果树和野香蕉树的阴影处。
The pair play in l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ong grass______ of bamboo, fig and wild banana trees.
【点译】in the shade
3. turn
【用法】 vt. 转动;使旋转；转弯 vi. 转向；转变；转动
【举例】 Turn it more to the right.. 把它再向右转一点。
Please turn up the radio. 请把收音机调高。
【辨析】e, go, get, grow, turn 这几个同用作连系动词均可表示变化，使用时注意以下几点：
（1）become和get主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化：
become [get] angry, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )famous, fat, ill，old, well, deaf, strong, etc“生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强”等。另外，become和get还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势。
【举例】It's becoming [getting] cold/dark, cloudy. 天渐冷了/黑了/多云了。
Divorce is becomi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng /getting more common in the city. 离婚现象在这个城市越来越常见了。
（2）go和come表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱或由 好到坏的变化（可用于人或事物），后者则主要指向好的方面变化。
【举例】 go bald/deaf, insane. 发秃，变聋，发疯……
The meat on the plate has gone off (gone bad). 盘子里的肉变味(变坏了)。
Her wish will come true soon. 她的愿望不久就会实现。
Everything came right. 一切顺利。
另外，go还可用于人或事物颜色的变色，与turn用法相同。
【举例】The girl went [turned] blue with cold 这个女孩冻得脸色发青了。
The rotten meat went [turned] green on the ground. 地上的这块腐烂的肉变绿了。
【警示】 ①但是go—般不与old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), tired, ill等连用，遇此情况要用 其他连系动词: grow [get] old 变老，fall[become]ill (sick)生病， get[feel]tired 疲劳。
②go后接形容词通常表示的结果（见上例），在个别搭配中也表示现状: go hungry挨饿， go naked光着身子。
③come除表示向好的方面变 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )化外，还有以下常见搭配值得注意：come untied 解开，come loose 变松， come undone 松开。
（3）grow主要表示逐渐变化，强调变化的过程。
【举例】It began to grow dark. 天色渐渐黑了。
he sea is growing calm. 大海变得平静起来。
（4）以上连系动词通常接形容词作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表语，但有的还可接其他结构，如come，get，grow后可接不定式，become, turn后可接名词，get，grow后可接介词短语。
【举例】He'll soon grow to like her. 他很快就会喜欢她的。
It's becoming a serious problem. 它正在成为一个严重问题。
The little plant has grown into a tree. 幼苗已长成了一棵树。
The coats went out of fashion years ago. 这些外套好多年前已变得不流行了。
【警示】turn后接名词时，往往表示意想不到的变化，名词前通常用零冠词。
She turned writer after she graduated from a medical college.
他从医学院毕业后当了作家。（比较：She became a writer after graduating from college.)
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子。
那个男孩因害怕而脸色发青。
The boy______ blue with fear.
【点译】turned
4. pile
【用法】n. .堆;大量;建筑群 v. 累积
【举例】Look, the little boy is piling up his building blocks.
看，小男孩正在搭积木。
I pile up pillows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to raise my chest and head and make it easier to breathe while I sleep.
当我睡觉时，我把枕头堆起来以提高胸部和头部位置，以使得呼吸更容易。
My father has a huge pile of letters to deal with. 我爸爸有一大堆信件要处理。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子。
米莉在一堆文件里搜寻，终于在底下找到了他的信。
Millie searched th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rough the______ of papers and find his letter underneath.
【点译】pile
5. harvest
【用法】n. 收获；产量；结果 v.收割；得到
【举例】 It will not rain during the harvest. 收获期间不会下雨。
It's difficult for us to harvest fish in the ocean. 对于我们来说，远洋捕鱼是很困难的。
【实践】完成句子。
收获季节，但是没有人愿意帮忙这个老人。
______season, yet no hand is willing to help the old man.
【点译】Harvest
6. rise
【用法】vi. 上升；增强
【举例】Please rise for the National Anthem. 奏国歌, 请全体起立。
Their incomes will rise in the future.
他们的收入将来会增加。
【辨析】 rise, raise
当raise和rise做动同用时， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两者都有“抬高；提升”的意思， 其区别在于rise是不及物动同（后面不加宾语），而raise是及物 动词(后面要加宾语）。
【举例】The sun rises in the cast everyday. 太阳每天从东方升起。
Suzy raised her hand in the class.
Suzy在课堂上举起了手。
【实践】完成句子。
如果在课堂上你要问问题，请先举手。
If you want to ask a question in the class, first______ your hand.
【点译】raise
7. cover
【用法】vi. 覆盖 n.封面；封皮
【举例】The cover of the old dictionary has been torn off. 旧词典的封面已经被撕掉了。
Do they like the magazine cover
他们喜欢这本杂志的封面吗？
This system can cover all the pages on Internet.
这个系统能够覆盖互联上的所有页面。
【拓展】be covered in/with意为“被…… 覆盖”
【举例】The lady wore ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so much jewellery that she seemed to be covered in gold.
这个女士戴了那么多首饰，看上去像是包在金子里似的。
The furniture in the room was covered with a lot of dust 房间里的家具上满是灰尘。
【实践】完成句子。
我喜欢在这些山峰被大雪覆盖的时候去攀登。
Do you like to climb the mountains when they're______ snow
【点译】covered with/in
二、课文对译
A poem about the seasons 一首关于季节的诗
Seasons of the year一年四季
Winter days are full of snow,冬天满是大雪，
When trees and flowers forget to grow.当树儿花儿都忘记了生长，
And the birds fly far away,鸟儿都飞往远方
To find a warm and sunny day.去寻找一个温暖明媚的日子。
The days of spring are windy and bright.春天风和日丽。
What a perfect time to fly a kite!是放风筝的绝佳时节！
Bees and butterflies play among flowers,蜜蜂与蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏，
Then hide from the April showers.然后躲避四月的阵雨。
Those sweet memories of summer days,那些夏天的美好记忆
Are about quiet streams and trees and shade.都是有关寂静的小溪，大树与树荫，
And lazy afternoons by a pool.以及在懒懒的下午，在游泳池旁，
Eating ice cream to feel cool.吃着冰淇淋来感受清凉。
Then autumn leaves turn brown，接着秋天的树叶都变枯黄了，
Fall into piles upon the ground.一堆堆地落在地面上。
Farmers work to harvest crops,农民伯伯们收获庄稼，
As the days are shorter and the temperature drops.随着白天变短了，气温下降了。
Soon the snowy season will begin,不久冰雪季节将要到来了，
And it will be a new year once again.新的一年又要来临了。
三、课文要点及语法详解
1. And all the birds fly far away to find a warm and sunny day.
为找到温暖、阳光明媚的日子所有的鸟都能飞得很远。
【解析】此句中“to find a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) warm and sunny day” 是不定式作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的，还可以在前面加in order to或so as to。
【举例】 They've written it down in order not to forget. 他们写下它是为了避免忘记。
Tom shouted and waved so as to be noticed. 汤姆呼喊和挥手就是为了引起大家的注意。
在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示 的是主语的目的，因此,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。
【举例】To draw maps properly, we need a special pen.(正）
To draw maps properly，a special pen is needed.(误）
由in order to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置 于句首，而由so as to引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。
【举例】They started early in order to get to school in time.(正）
In order to get to school in time, they started early.(正）
They started early so as to get to school there in time.(正）
So as to get to school in time, they started early.(误）
【实践】翻译句子（汉译英）
杰克来这儿学习英语。
______________________
【点译】Jack came here to study English.
2. Winter days are full of snow. 冬天经常下雪。
【解析】句中be full of 意思为“装满；充满”。
【举例】He like to see you merry and full of life.
他想见到快乐和充满活力的你。
The time at which stand before you is full of interest.
我站在你们面前的这一时刻充分地引起了人们的注意。
【拓展】 be fille ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d with与be full of意思相近，但相对而言，be full of更强调状态，尤其强调“满满的”状态; be filled with更强调动态的过程。
【举例】This room is full of children.
这个房间孩子很多，很挤。
These balloons are filled with air.
这些气球是用空气吹的。（是不是能想象出吹气球的过程呢）
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
他的前途看来充满希望。
The future of him seems to be______ .
【点译】full of hope
3. What a perfect time to fly a kite!
这是一个放风筝的好时间！
【解析】此句是一个感叹句，感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由what或how引 导。现分述如下：
一、由what引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：
1.可用句型:“ What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语 +谓语！”。如：
What a beautiful present it is!
它是一件多么漂亮的礼物啊！
What an interesting novel it is!
它是一本多么有趣的小说啊！
可用句型:“What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓 语！”。如：
What beautiful roses they are!
多么漂亮的玫瑰花啊！
What clever children they are!
他们是多么聪明的孩子啊！
3.可用句型：“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓 语！”。如：
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！
What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！
二、由how引导的感叹句, 其句子结构也分为三种：
1. 可用句型:“ How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。如：How careful she is!
她多么细心啊！
How fast Jack runs!
杰克跑得多快啊！
2. 可用句型:“ How+形容词+ a/an+可数名词单数+主语 +谓语！”.如：
How lovely a girl she is.
她是个多么可爱的姑娘啊！
3. 可用句型:“ How+主语+谓语！”。如：
How time flies!
光阴似箭！
注意：由what引导的感叹句与由how引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：
How beautiful a girl she is! =What a beautiful girl she is!
What delicious cakes these are! =How delicious these cakes are!
三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等 构成。
Good idea! 好主意！
Wonderful! 太精彩了！
Thank goodness ！谢天谢地！
【实践】单项选择。
______exciting sport it is to climb the high mountains ！
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
【点译】D
4. Farmers are busy harvesting crops.
【解析】be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”，相当于be busy with sth..。
【举例】His mother is busy cooking every day.
他妈妈每天忙于做饭。
【实践】完成句子。
汤姆忙着在书房里做作业。
Tom is busy______ in the study.
=Tom is busy______ in the study.
【点译】doing homework; with homework
四、中考在线
【例题】1. (2014.孝感) Look at the sign on the right!
Oh, smoking ______ here.
A. isn’t allowed B. doesn’t allow C. didn’t allow D. wasn’t allowed
【解析】A. 这是一般现在时的被动语态，意思是吸烟在这里不被允许。
【例题】2.（2013.宿迁）T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he weather report says it will be _______ (有雨的). Please take an umbrella with you.
【解析】rainy. 有雨的
【例题】3. (2013. 临沂) It’s cool and _______ in autumn in our hometown.
【解析】sunny. 充满阳光的。
【例题】4.(2013.上海) M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y parents showed me some old pictures that brought back sweet _________.(回忆)
【解析】memories. “美好的回忆”要用名词。
第三部分 习题设计
Reading
根据所提供的首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子
1. A________(阵雨)is coming up.
2. We were just floating along the _____________(溪流)。
3. We walked ________(在…之中)the flowers.
4. If ________(农民) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )keep taking the land, giant pandas will have nowhere to live.
5. The ___________(庄稼) are growing well this year.
6 .I’m so excited that I can’t _______.(sleepy)
7. The leaves fall into _______.(堆)
8. The play stated a ________ I got there.
9. Having a good m________ is not enough to have good grades.
10.The sun r_________ in the east.
二、用所给词适当形式填空
1. Why can’t we ________(see) birds in winter
2. They are looking forward to _______(see) their new maths teacher.
3. I often see him _________(play) basketball on the playground.
4. Zhalong needs more people_________(feed) birds.
5 .We will wait for you though it is r________.
6 .He often _______(smile) to other people.
7. I hope you ______ (ring) me when you come back.
8. Sadly, people ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e keeping changing the wetlands________ (build) more farms and buildings.
9. We know that the earth____________ (move) around the sun.
10. It often rai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns here in summer, so summer is a w__________ season here.
三、单项选择
( )1. Look ! This room is _________ flowers. It’s so beautiful!
A. full of B. full with C. fill of D. fill with
( )2. –Wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t’s the weather like today Can you describe --__________.
A. It’s a litt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le cloudy B. It’s wind C. It’s Sunday D. It’s May
( )3. Mr Wu does what he can ________ us improve our English.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped
( )4. You’ll f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind it easy _____a foreign language if you try your best.
A. learning B. learns C. learn D. to learn
( )5.His great ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) grade in the exam put him ____ the top students in his class.
A. between B. over C. among D. above
【Keys】
一、1.shower 2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).stream 3.among 4.farmers 5.crops 6.sleep 7.piles 8.as 9.memory 10.rises
二、1.see 2.seein ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g 3.play 4.to feed 5.rainy 6. smiles 7.will ring 8.buildings 9.moves 10.wet
三、1.A 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.CUnit 7 Seasons
Period I: Comic strip & Welcome to the unit（第一课时）
第一部分 教案设计
教学内容
Comic strip & Welcom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to the unit（第80~81页），通过两只小狗Eddie和Hobo的对话，引出季节的话题。
教材分析
Comic strip &Welcome ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the unit是本单元的第一课时， 主要是激发学生兴趣，通过Eddie和Hobo两只小狗之间的对话，引出本单元的学习重点。掌握相关的描写天气的重要词汇和两个重要句式：“I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on!”/“Which season do you like best "。
教学目标
基础知识
掌握词汇：rainy, snowy
词组：look cool, with nothing on
句型：Which season do you like best
It's the best time to play football outside.
Which is your favourite season
基本技能
1. 通过本课导入季节的话题。
2. 了解几种常见天气的英文表达。
3. 学会谈论喜欢的季节。
综合素质
让学生通过讨论天气和季节，能够用英语讨论喜欢的天气和季节。
教学重难点及突破
重点：掌握基本的四会单词、词组及句型。
难点：能用英语谈论喜欢的季节。
教学突破：课前让学生搜集关于天气和季节方面的图片和信息资料，这样有利于课堂对话的开展。
教学准备
教师准备：多媒体课件 学生准备：1一些画有不同天气图标的卡片。2关于四季的视频。
教学设计
Step I Presentation（新授部分）
1 Free talk: What's t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he weather like today It's sunny/cloudy/windy ....
2 Look! It's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )raining. The ground is all wet. It's rainy.拼读rainy。Look! It's snowing heavily. The ground is all white. It's snowy.拼读snowy。Look! There's a lot of fog. We can't see anything clearly. It's foggy.拼读foggy。
Step II Practice（操练）
迅速完成A部分的匹配练习，然后带领学生朗读，记忆有关天气的形容词。
Step III Presentation（新授部分）
1呈现有关春季的视频， What's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the weather like in spring It's the best time for trees and flowers to grow. It's the best time to fly kites. What's the weather like in summer It's the best time to go swimming. What's the weather like in autumn It's the best time to plan a day out. What's the weather like in winter It's the best time to play with snow.
2 播放课本B部分的录音， Now ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) let's listen to a conversation and then answer some questions.
3男生和女生分角色朗读，并提醒注意模仿语音语调，如需要可互换角色再读一遍。
Step IV Practice（操练）
1 Now work in groups of four and make a similar conversation.
2提供一些词组参考，如：make a snowman (堆雪人)、harvest crops (收割庄稼)等。
3 选几组不同层次的学生展示，在表演结束后给予鼓励和表扬。
Comic strip
Step I Present "Welcome to the unit" （新授 Welcome to the unit）
1 Winter is comin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g. Eddie feels very cold. What does he want to do Now let's listen to the conversation between Eddie and Hobo, and then find out the answer.
2 Does Eddie look cool with the clothes 听余下的录音。
Step II Practice（操练）
1 Listen to the tape a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd repeat after it. Pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
2 These two t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eams will read Eddie's part and these two will read Hobo's part.有感情地朗读。
Step III 展示
1 Work in pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irs and read the conversation between Eddie and Hobo. You can add your own ideas.
2根据所给的语境，发挥自己的想像，自由会话。
教材习题
教材第81页
Part A: 1 sunny 2 cloudy 3 windy 4 rainy 5 foggy 6 snowy
随堂小练习
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. What about __________(watch) a film
2.The holiday is short and I just want_________( stay) at home.
3. Don’t forget _________(turn) off the lights when you leave.
4. My brother _________(fly) to Beijing three weeks ago.
5. Eating ice cream in summer __________(make)us feel cool.
6. Why do _________（leaf）change yellow in autumn
7. I feel so thirsty. I feel like _________(drink) a cup of tea.
8. People call London a ______(fog) city.
9. Wow! The sky is dark, and it is going to ______(rainy).
10.It’s the best time ________(play) football in the football field.
【keys】
1.watching 2.to sta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y 3.to turn 4.flew 5.makes 6.leaves 7.drinking 8.foggy 9.rain 10.to play
Step IV Homework（作业）
1 记忆本课时出现的有关天气的形容词。
2 能力较强的学生熟背 Comic strip和 B部分内容。
3 预习 Reading。
板书设计
Unit 7 SeasonsComic strip & Welcome to the unitWords: rainy snowyPhrases: look cool with nothing onSentences: Which season do you like best It's the best time to play football outside.Which is your favourite season
教学探讨与反思：
本课时中，因为八年级的学生已积累了一定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的词汇量和语言功能用语，有了一定的英语基础知识和听说能 力，正逐渐向读、写过渡。同时，思维活跃，善于交流，乐于表达自己，渴望得到同学和老师的赞许。在课堂中从四季的更替引人新课，通过任务的设置、活动的开展、学生的操练等多种方式提供可理解的语言输入，充分激发了学生的学习兴趣,逐步达成本课的教学目标。
第二部分 讲解分析
一、 新词的导学与解读
1. foggy
【用法】adj. 有雾的；模糊的，朦胧的 fog(n.)雾；烟雾；尘雾
【举例】Another foggy morning in Chengdu it is.
又一个大雾的成都早晨。
After nap, he feels foggy for a while. 午睡后，他会云里雾里一阵子。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
在每年的这个时候，伦敦寒冷而多雾。
It's cold and______ in London at this time of the year.
【点译】foggy
2. snowy
【用法】adj. 下雪的；多雪的 snow(n.)雪；积雪
【举例】Jack had snuc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k out on a snowy school night，holding his shoes in his hand.
他在一个下雪的晚上，从学校溜出来，手里拿着他的鞋子。
Millie came to see me on a snowy night. 米莉在一个下雪的夜晚来看我。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
在这一个下雪的晚上，又将无眠。
In such a______ night，I will remain awake again.
【点译】 snowy
3. rainy
【用法】adj. 下雨的；多雨的 rain(n.) 雨；下雨；雨天
【举例】On that rainy ni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght, the poor girl dreamed to fly to her paradise.
在那个落雨之夜，这个可怜的女孩梦想着向她的天堂。
The rainy weather would hold for two weeks.
这种阴雨天气将持续两周时间。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
梅雨季节东西容易发霉。
Things easily get mildewed in the_______ season.
【点译】 rainy
二、课文对译
教材第80页对话：
Eddie: It's too cold. Bring me my clothes, Hobo. 埃迪：天太冷了。霍波，把我的衣服拿来。
Hobo：Is this one OK 霍波：这件行吗？
Eddie: Good. Do 1 look cool 埃迪：好的。我看起来酷吗？
Hobo：I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on!
霍波：我敢说你什么都不穿看起来会很酷并感觉很凉爽！
教材第81页对话：
Amy：Which season do you like best，Simon 埃米：西蒙，你最喜爱哪个季节？
Simon ： I like autumn. 西蒙：我喜欢秋天。
Amy： Why do you like it 埃米：你为什么喜欢它呢？
Simon： Because it' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s always sunny. It’s the best time to play football outside.
西蒙：因为它总是很晴朗。它是到户外踢足球的最佳时间。
Which is your favourite season 哪个是你最喜欢的季节呢？
Amy： I like summer. 埃米：我喜欢夏天。
Simon: Why Summer is so hot. 西蒙：为什么呢？夏天那么热。
Amy： in summer, I can swimming and enjoy ice cream every day ！
埃米：在夏天，我可以去游泳，还可以每天吃冰淇淋！
三、课文要点及语法详解
1.1 bet you'll look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cool and feel cool with nothing on! 你一丝不挂看起来很酷，感觉也酷！
【解析】此句中with not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hing on用的是with的复合结构，它是由介词with或“without+复合结构”构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。with结构构成方式如下：
(l)with或without +名词/代词+形容词
【举例】We like to sleep with the windows open.
我们喜欢把窗户开着睡觉.（伴随情况）
With the weather so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.
大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。（原因状语）
(2)with或without+名词/代词+副词
【举例】Tom left the room with all the lights on.. 汤姆离开了房间，灯还亮着。（伴随情况）
Jack stood there with his head down. 杰克低头站在那儿。（伴随情况）
(3)with或without+名词/代词+介词短语
【举例】The policeman wal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
警察手里拿一根棍子走进了昏暗的街道。
With my sons at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）
(4)with或without+名词/代同+动词不定式 此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。
【举例】With no one to talk to,he felt miserable.
由于没有可以说话的人,他感到很悲哀。（原因状语）
With a lot of work to do, Amy wasn't allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做,艾米没有被允许外出。（原因状语）
(5)with+名词(或代词）+现在分词
此时,现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。
【举例】With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语）
With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况）
(6)with+名词(或代同）+过去分词
此时,过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。
【举例】He sat in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his room for a few minutes with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.
他在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（伴随情况）
I had to walk home with my bike stolen. 自行车被偷，我只好步行回家.（原因状语）
注意:“with+不定式”和“with+分词”的区别 加不定式是指将要进行的动作，加分词是指主动或被动的动作。
(7)with或without+名词/代词+补语
【举例】Possibly this p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erson died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
也许这个人死了，就没有任何人知道钱币藏在哪儿了。
She wondered if he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him).
她想知道是否他可以在不被别人注意的情况下溜出讲堂。
(8)with+宾语(名词，代词) +名词
【举例】She died with his daughter a schoolgirl 她是在他女儿是个学生的时候去世的。
【实践】选择填空
John received an inv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itation to dinner, and with his work — ______ , he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing C. have finished D. was finished
【点译】A
2. Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节？
【解析】此句中best用的是well的最高级形式，like best意思为“最喜欢”。
【举例】Which do you like best 你最喜欢哪一个？
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
你最喜欢中国的哪个男演员。
Which actor_________in China
【点译】do you like best
四、中考在线
【例题】1.（2014.广安）It’s _______ (多云的) 。Maybe it will rain later.
【解析】cloudy . 多云的。
【例题】2. (2014.宿迁) Where’s Miss Yang
Look, she ______(talk) with her students over there.
【解析】is talking . 从语境和look 可以看出她正在和她的学生谈话，用现在进行时。
【例题】3.（2014.宿迁）They’ll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) go to watch the dolphin show if they ______ (have)free time.
【解析】have . 本题主要考查 if 引导的条件状语从句，用主将从现原则 ，所以填have.
【例题】4.（2014.烟台）Jas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on didn’t hear the ring , for he ______( water) the flowers in the backyard.
【解析】was watering. 本句中Jason没有听到电话，因为那时他正在后院浇花。所以用过去进行时。
第三部分 习题设计
Welcome to the unit & comic strip
根据句意、汉语及单词提示完成下列句子
1. It was a day. It was (rain) hard.
2. The weather will become (good) on Monday than before.
3. He was___________when I heard the____________ news.(surprise)
4. It was (snow). The ground was all white.
5. Sandy is very _________at that ________film.(bore)
6.Today is (sun)，but tomorrow will be (cloud).
7. Listen! The news ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )paper says a serious accident ____________ (happen) last week.
8. Jimmy is ___________in that ___________kite. (interest)
9. Helen arrived in Shanghai on a __________(有风的) morning.
10. It used to be _________(有雾的) in London. It’s amazing.
二、单项选择
( )1. It’s _______ today. Shall we go and fly kites
A. foggy B. hot C. windy D. rainy
( )2. We can’t hear her words, she spoke so ______.
A. soft B. softly C softer D. more soft
( )3. Miss Wu looked _______ and she looked ________ at us.
A. angry; ang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry B. angrily; angry C. angrily; angrily D.angry; angrily
( )4. The stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts in Class 2 will visit the Palace next month.
A. sometime ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. some time C. sometimes D. some times
( )5. All of us must prevent hunters from wild animals.
A. to kill B. killing C. killed D. kill
( )6. Some people believe there are some_______things on the moon.
A alive B live C lived D living
( )7. The nu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mber of the swan will become ______ if we don’t take any actions.
A fewer and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fewer B less and less C more and more D smaller and smaller
( )8. How many times do they ________ a bird count during a year
A make B do C produce D take
( )9. Would you please make_______for the old man
A a room B a space C space D place
( )10. We should re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )member to call 110 as quickly as you can when you are ____________.
A in danger B in a hurry C in a moment D in hospital
三、翻译下列句子
1.春天是到外面放风筝的最好时间。
Spring is _________________________________________________.
2.下雪天最好不要外出。
You’d better ________________________________________________
3.我敢打赌你不穿衣服看起来会更酷。
I bet _____________________________________________________ .
4.这个公园是适合孩子玩耍的极好的地方。
This park _____________________________________________________.
5.你最喜欢哪个季节？
Which ______________________________________.
【keys】
一、1.rainy, raining 2.b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etter 3.surprised, surprising 4.snowy 5.bored, boring
6.sunny,cloudy 7.happened 8.interested, interesting 9.windy 10.foggy
二、1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.A
三、1. the perfect time to fly kites outside.
2. not go out on snowy days.
3. you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on.
4. is the perfect place for the children to play.
5. season do you like best Period Ⅳ: Study skills&Task& self-assessment（第四课时）
第一部分 教案设计
教学内容
study skills&Task& sel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f-assessment（（第89~91页），study skills学习一些构词法的常识，了解并掌握一些通过加后缀“-y”构成的单词。Task板块学习一篇描写冬天的文为写作做好准备。Self-assessment板块要求学生对照单元各个学习项进行我评价，对单元学习进行自我反省，制订计划以提高自己的学。
教材分析
Study skills部分主要介 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )绍了一些构同法的常识，让学生了解并掌握一些通过加后缀“-y”构成的单词。Task要求学生能在小组活动中积极与他人合作，互相帮助,发扬团队褚神,共同完成学习任务。
教学目标
基础知识
掌握词汇：sleepy, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shine, sudden, cause, snowball, fight, deep,throw, everywhere
词组：cover…with…, make ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )them look funny, make people sleepy, the sudden heavy rain, snowball fights, be covered in deep white snow, throw snowballs at each other, during this season, use carrots for their noses
句型：How are you doing
基本技能
1学习一些名词加上-y后缀来转换成形容词的方法。
2学习在写作前先列提纲。
3学习如何写作自己喜欢的季节。
综合素质
能运用适当的形容词来描述天气或事物的特性, 学习如何写作自己喜欢的季节。
教学重难点及突破
重点：掌握基本的四会单词、词组及句型。
难点：学习在写作前先列提纲，学习如何写作自己喜欢的季节。
教学突破 先利用活动进行口头操练，列出写作提纲，再进行写作。
教学准备
教师准备：多媒体课件 学生准备：1有关澳大利亚四季的图片。
2有关哈尔滨冬天的图片。3稿纸。
教学设计
Step I Presentation(新授)
1 Free talk:
（1）Which season is it in the pictures (Winter.)
（2）What is the weather like (It is cold and snowy.)
（3）What do people wear (They wear thick warm clothes.)
（4）What are people doing
(They are making snowmen and having big snowball fights.)
（5）What are the rivers and lakes like (They are frozen.)
2呈现哈尔滨冬天的图片来介绍生词：d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eep、land, exciting,throw、ice、everywhere、frozen、snowman、scream,朗读生词。
Step II Reading(阅读)
1 Harbin is a city of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice and snow. Winter in Harbin is amazing. Simon is reading an article about it on the Internet. Read the article quickly and find the answers to the questions.
2 Now please listen to the tape and repeat after it.
3朗读短文，每个学生朗读一段，然后集体朗读。
Step III Activity(活动)
1 I'll divide you into ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) four groups. Each group will discuss one paragraph and tell us what information it includes.
2总结如下：
Paragraph 1: ... is my favourite season.
Paragraph 2: The temperature is usually ....
It is often sunny/windy/rainy ....
During this season, you can/cannot....
Paragraph 3: My friends and I often ....
Moreover, I enjoy ....
Paragraph 4: ... is great!
3 Can you think of qu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )estions to match the information in the article 列出有关描写喜爱的季节的问题：
(1)What is your favourite season
(2)What is the weather like then
(3)What does your city look like
(4)Why do you like this season
(5)Are there any holidays or festivals during this season
(6)What activities do people enjoy doing in this season
4先认真阅读上述问题，随后小组间相互调查，最后独立写出自己的答案。
5呈现几位学生的答案，并让几位学生进行简单口头陈述。
Step IV Writing(写作)
1按照自己的信息来进行写作。
2独立完成写作后，Work in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) groups of four. Please read your group members' articles.
3展示学生相互修改过的短文，朗读范文。Study Skills (学习Study skills)
Step I Presentation(新授)
1 Look at the pi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cture. It's cloudy. Can you describe the other pictures Cloud→cloudy wind→windy rain→rainy snow→snowy同桌讨论这些名词变形容词的规律。归纳规律：描述天气状况的名词末尾加上字母y就变成形容词。
2呈现晴天和雾天的图片，描述这两张 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )图片：It's sunny./It's foggy. 教师板书 sun—sunny 和 fog—foggy.继续讨论并找出规律。归纳：sun和fog需要双写末尾字母再加上y变成形容词。
Step II Practice(操练)
1呈现不同天气状况的图片，快速说出相应的名词和形容词。
2用“头脑风暴法”巩固词汇学习。Work ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in pairs. One student will say a noun about weather and the other will say its adjective.
Step III Presentation(新授)
1 "Having luck ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )" means "lucky".教师继续呈现词汇 health、sleep, shine、noise、fun,让学生两人一组讨论如何把它们变成相应的形容词。
2："Having health" me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ans "healthy", "Having sleep" means "sleepy", "Having shine" means "shiny"、"Having noise" means "noisy"、 "Having fun" means "funny".
3讨论这些名词变成形容词的规律。归纳：在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这些名词末尾加 上字母y变成形容词，其中fun需要末尾双写n再加上字母y，shine, noise需要去掉e再加上y。
Step IV Practice(操练)
1完成课本第89页的练习， Comp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lete Millie's article with the help of the pictures and the correct forms of the words in the box.
2 Read the article together, please.
Step V Activity(活动)
1把Millie的文章编成对话，让学生通过对话形式进一步巩固所学的形容词。
3 Now I'm going to as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k some groups to act out the conversation in front of the class.
教材习题
教材第89页 1.windy 2.funn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y 3.sleepy 4.rainy 5.lucky 6.sunny 7.noisy 8.snowy 9.foggy 10.healthy
随堂小练习
根据所提供的首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子
1.The story made me ________(激动的).
2.There is _________(冰) on the ground, be careful.
3. The s____________ heavy rain made us sad.
4. The old river is three meters d________ and ten meters wide.
5. He told something _________(令人激动的)to his mother。
6. They’ve finished ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )most work, and the ________(其余部分) can be finished in two hours.
7.I _________(打电话 ) him but he was out.
8. The ________(阳光) shines brightly in through the window in the morning.
9. We all like to enjoy the ________(日照) days.
10. The girls doesn’t like snowball _________(打仗).
【keys】1.excited ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2.ice 3.sudden 4.deep 5.exciting 6.rest 7. rang 8.sun 9.shiny 10.fights
Step Ⅵ Homework(家庭作业)
1 记忆本课时所学的名词和形容词。
2记忆本课时所学的词汇和词组。
3完成写作任务。
教材习题
教材第89页 1.windy 2.fu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nny 3.sleepy 4.rainy 5.lucky 6.sunny 7.noisy 8.snowy 9.foggy 10.healthy
板书设计
Unit 7 Seasons Study skills&Task&Self-assessment Words:sleepy, shine, s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udden, cause, snowball, fight, deep,throw, everywhere Phrases:cover…wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h…, make them look funny, make people sleepy, the sudden heavy rain, snowball fights, be covered in deep white snow, throw snowballs at each other, during this season, use carrots for their nosesSentences:How are you doing
教学探讨与反思：
本课时的学习是本单元的核心任务 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，在教学过程中，要坚持“听、说、读、写”面面俱到，即在先让学生在活动任务中进行大量的相关词汇、句型的复习，最后进行写作，基础较弱的同学在写作过程中有困难时，可先寻求小组成员帮助，放慢节奏，润物细无声。而对于基础较好的同学，可灵活而创造性的使用教材，源于教材但超于教材，真正地让每个学生都学有所获。
第二部分 讲解分析
一、 新词的导学与解读
1. funny
【应用】adj.有趣的；滑稽的
【举例】Mr. Bean looked so funny. 憨豆先生看上去那么滑稽。
We often look at any joke or funny story. 我们经常看一些笑话或有趣的故事。
They need someone funny to do this work. 他们需要一个滑稽的人来做这个工作。
【辨析】fun, funny
两者都可以作为形容词，但两者有区别。 funny表示“有趣的；滑稽的”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有 趣”，侧重点是让人觉得好玩或发笑。
fun主要指“有趣；好玩”,不像funny那样强调“滑稽”。此外，fun还可以作为名词，意思为“娱乐；玩笑,有趣的人或事物”。
【举例】It is more fun to go with someone than to go alone. 偕伴同去比自己独自去好玩。
It's so funny ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to see a man walk with his hands and head. 看见一个人倒立走路很滑稽。
【实践】单项选择
( )Swimming in the river in summar is really______
A. healthy B. pleased C. fun D. funny
【点译】C
2. healthy
【应用】adj.健康的n. health健康
【举例】The boy is lively as well as healthy. 这个男孩既健康又活泼。
The man understands be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tter than anyone how to stay healthy. 他比任何人都懂得如何保持健康。
You should often go to have the doctor check on your health.
你应当经常去找医生检查一下身体的健康状况。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
我们必须吃健康的食品。
We must eat______food.
【点译】healthy
3. shiny
【应用】adj.有光泽的；闪耀的 n. shine光泽，晴天
【举例】We don't like the shiny look. 我们不喜欢看上去有光泽的材料。
Rain or shine, they’ll have to go tomorrow. 不论晴天下雨，他们明天非去不可。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
她们的脸在夜色中发亮。
Their faces were with_______ night cream.
【点译】shiny
4. noisy
【应用】adj.嘈杂的;喧闹的n. noise噪音
【举例】Turn the TV down. It's too noisy.
把电视的声音开小一些，太吵了。
We'll have to put up with the noise for a long time.
我们得忍受这种噪音很长时间。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
它是一种非常美丽的鸟,不过它很吵的。
It is a big beautiful bird, but it is very ______.
【点译】noisy
5. sleepy
【应用】adj.欲睡的；困乏的 n./v. sleep睡觉
【举例】The boy insisted that he wasn't sleepy. 这个男孩硬说他不困。
My sister is tired and sleepy. 我妹妹感到疲劳和困倦。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
他们经常在课堂上瞌睡。
They're often _______ during lessons.
【点译】sleepy 6. freeze
【应用】v. 冻结；冷冻；僵硬
【举例】It would freeze，solid and you would have no fish.
河流会被冻起来，变成冰，所以就不会有鱼。
When we freeze water，it turns into ice. 我们冷冻水的时候，水变成冰。
【警示】freeze的过去式和过去分词分别是froze和frozen
【举例】The low temperature froze the flowers. 低温把花冻死了。
Sometimes we use frozen food for dinner. 有时我们把冷冻食品用于晚餐。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
河流会被冻成固体，这就是生命的终结。
It would______ solid and that would be the end of life.
【点译】freeze
7. throw
【应用】v.投；抛；掷，过去式threw;过去分词thrown。
【举例】Throw me that magazine. 把那本杂志扔给我。
Please throw your dirty clothes in the washing machine. 请把你的脏衣服扔进洗衣机。
【拓展】throw at投向；掷向；向……投去
free throw【体】(篮球）罚球; throw away扔掉；抛弃；浪费(金钱、时间等）
throw back丢回；掷回；冋溯; throw off脱去；摆脱；抛弃；扔掉
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
我该把这篮球扔多远呢？
How far should I______ the basketball
【点译】throw
8. everywhere
【应用】adv. 到处 n.每个地方
【举例】Everywhere seemed to be quiet. 到处似乎都很安静。
There are people like this everywhere .无论何处，都有像这样的人。
【拓展】anywhere任何地方; somewhere某些地方;everywhere每个地方;nowhere任何地方都没有
其中anywhere和everywhere是近义词，很多地方这俩同都可以混着用。而nowhere和anywhere是反义词，意思正相反。
【举例】He can not find h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is girlfriend anywhere/everywhere. 他在任何地方都找不到他的女朋友。
I think he can find his girlfriend somewhere. 我想他在某些地方会发现他的女朋友的。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
欢声和笑语，到处！
Joy and laughter______！
【点译】everywhere
二、课文对译
My favourite season
我最喜欢的季节
I love winter
我喜爱冬天
Winter is my fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vourite season. It is very cold and everyone has to wear
thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy the winter here in Harbin.
冬天是我最喜欢的季节。冬天 非常寒冷，每个人不得不穿上又厚又 暖的衣服，但我总是享受着哈尔滨这儿的冬天。
The temperature is usually below zero and it is often snowy,
气温通常在零度以下，并且经常有雪。
Everything is covered ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in deep white snow and the lakes and rivers are frozen.
一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖，湖 水和河水都结冰了。
During this season, yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u cannot see beautiful flowers or green trees, but the land is quiet and beautiful.
在这个季节里， 你看不到漂亮的花儿或绿色的树木， 但大地很清静也很漂亮。
My friends an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d I love playing outside in winter. It is exciting to have big snowball fights. We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing.
在冬天，我和我的朋友们喜欢在户外玩耍。打大雪仗是令人兴奋的。 我们相互扔雪球，又叫又笑。
We also make snowmen a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd use carrots for their noses. They look funny.
我们也堆雪人，并用胡萝卜做它们的鼻子。 它们看上去很滑稽。
Moreover, I enjoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the Ice Festival each year. There are beautiful ice lanterns everywhere. It is really wonderful.
而且，我很喜欢 每年的冰雪节，到处是美丽的冰灯， 真的很精彩。
Winter is great ！
冬天很棒！
三、课文要点及语法详解
1. It is exciting to have big snowball fights. 打一次大的雪仗是一件令人兴奋的事。
【解析】此句中it为形式主语,不定式“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to have big snowball fights”是真正的主语，因为主语太长，我们常用it来充当形式主语,把真正的主语放到句子后面，以避免头重脚轻。
【举例】It's been lucky to meet you. 能遇到你们是一种幸运。
【拓展】不定式的其他句法功能-
1.作表语.如:
The important thing is to save lives. 救人要紧。
2.作宾语，或在形式宾语结构中作真正的宾语。如:
He thought it wrong to do this thing. 他认为做这件事是错的。
3.作定语，通常置于其所修饰的名词或代词之后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，与其所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。如: We have a lot of work to do. 我们有许多工作要做。
4.作同位语。如：
They had received instructions to watch us. 他们收到了监视我们的命令。
5.作状语，其逻辑主语通常是全句的主语。如:
We must do everything to help the poor. 我们要尽一切力帮助穷人。
6.作宾语补足语，宾语与用作补足语的不定式构成复合宾语，二者在逻辑上是主谓关系。如：
We believe him to be innocent. 我们相信她无罪。
7.作独立成分。如：
It wasted time to see that film. 看那样的电影真是浪费时间。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
参加你的派对非常高兴.
It's so happy______.
【点译】 to take part in your party
2. What is the weather like then 那时的天气怎么样？
【解析】“What is... like ”是一个很有用的表达，主要用法如下：
询问天气情况。
【举例】What was the weather like 天气怎么样？
It was sunny. 阳光灿烂。
2.要求对方对特写事物进行描述。
【举例】①What was the English exam like 这次考试怎么样？
It was very difficult. 难极了。
【举例】②What's the food like in your school 你们学校学生的伙食怎么样？
It's quite good 还不错。
3.用于人时,既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品质。如：
【举例】What is she like 她长得如何？
Very pretty. 长得很漂亮。
【举例】What is he like 他是怎样一个人？
He is very friendly. 他很友好。
【实践】单项选择
______ was the headmaster ______this morning
He was angry.
A What ; like B. How; like C. How；/ D. Which；like
【点译】C
四、中考在线
【例题】1.（2014.烟台）A li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttle bird_______(fly) in through the open window and she set it free at once.
【解析】flew. and表示前后动作是顺延关系，后文set用的一般过去时，所以填flew.
【例题】2. (2014.丽水 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))_______ all his pocket money, Dan bought a present for his mother on Mother’s Day.
A. With B. For C. By D. In
【解析】A . 本句的意思是“用他的所有零花钱”，所以选with.
【例题】3. (2014. 眉山) ______ swim alone in the river,________
A. Not ; don’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you B. Not ; do you C. Don’t; will you D. Don’t; shall we
【解析】C. 这是一个否定祈使句，句首用Don’t，它的反义疑问句是will you.
【例题】4. (2014. 台州) Where are you going
To the library, I’ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )finished reading this book , so I’m going to ______ it.
A. buy B. throw C. return D. borrow
【解析】C. 本句的意思是：我已经读完了这本书，所以要归还到图书馆。
第三部分 习题设计
Study skills&Task&Self-assessment
一、根据所提供的单词或汉语提示完成下列句子
1. People come from _______(到处 ) to celebrate the festival.
2. I _________(掉) my glasses and broke them yesterday.
3. Don’t talk so __________(大声). The others are sleeping.
4. Tom was sad by his grandfather’s _________(突然 )death。
5. You’d better stay ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at home today. The wind is _________(吹) strongly.
6. Which animal is the biggest and heaviest on _______(陆地)
7. We also make ___________(雪人) and use carrots for their noses.
8. People are _________(deep)moved for this thing.
9. The playground is _________(cover)with thick leaves in autumn.
10. The castle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )looks so _________(shine) and beautiful under the fireworks.
二、单项选择
( )1. Mr Black doesn’t smile often. But he spoke to us very______.
A friendly B impolitely C polite D politely
( )2.We __________ Beijing at 5 p.m. yesterday.
A. arrived at B. got C. reached at D. reached
( )3. Please __________ the window.
A. open B. don’t open C. not to open D. not open
( )4. I think_____ necessary for us to learn English well.
A. it B. that C. it’s D. that’s
( )5. This problem is not_____ for them to solve.
A. easy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. enough easily
( )6. Don’t fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rget to bring this book to school, please. No, I _______.
A. don’t B. won’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
( )7. This kind of coat_____ and_____ in the shop.
A. looks nice, sells well B. looks good, sells good
C. looks nicely, sells well D. looks good, sells nice
( )8. _________! The car is coming so fast!
A. Stop B. Look out C. Watch D. Don’t move
( )9. You’ll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have to pay____$80 for the ticket. It’s a bit expensive.
A. another B. other C. each D. move
( )10. _____ animals are in danger and there will be_____ space for them.
A. More and mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, more and more B. More and more, less and less
C. Les ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s and less, more and more D. Less and less, less and less
三、翻译下列句子（5分）
1、冬天人们不得不用围巾裹住脸.
People have _______________________________________.
2、冬天是我最喜欢的季节。
Winter is ______________________________________________.
3、突然的大雨导致了很多问题。
___________________________________________________
4、厚厚的白雪覆盖了一切，琥珀与河流都结了冰。
Everything _______________________________ and the lakes __________________.
【keys】
一、1.everywhere 2.dropped 3.loudly 4.sudden 5.blowing
6.land 7.snowmen 8.deeply 9.covered 10. shinny
二、1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B
三、1.to cover their faces with their scarves in winter.
2. my favourite season.
3. The sudden heavy rain caused a lot of problems.
4. is covered with deep white snow, are frozen.Period Ⅲ: Grammar&Integrated skills （第三课时）
第一部分 教案设计
教学内容
Grammar（第85～86页），灵活掌握句子成分的划分以及简单句的五种句子结构类型。
Integrated skills（第87 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )～88页），从听力材料中获取所需要的信息，能用一些功能用语谈论季节，学习一些构词法的常识，了解并掌握一些通过加后缀“-y”构成的单词。
教材分析
本课时语法课，主要介绍英语句子成分的划分以及简单句的五种句子结构类型，要求学生掌握句子成分的相关知识以及能够辨别简单句的五种句子结构类型。
Ingrated ski ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lls部分主要通过出示图片、播放录音让学生学习一些描述天气的词汇。本课时重点为听、说技能的训练，要求学生能用一些功能用语谈论季节。Study skills部分主要介绍了一些构同法的常识，让学生了解并掌握一些通过加后缀“-y”构成的单词。
教学目标
基础知识
掌握词汇：cloud, cough, kic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k, awful, fever, snowstorm, wind, around, rest, degree,
bit, blow, loud, ring
词组：from morning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) till night, kick the ball, cough a lot, have a high fever,an awful day,
turn more cloudy, in the thirties, the rest of, a bit
句型：The clouds became dark. Luckily, it didn't rain.
How are you doing
基本技能：
1.会划分句子的成分并能区别简单句的五种句子结构类型。
2.听录音，获取具体信息。
3.根据从录音中获取的信息完成记录。
综合素质：1.能认识五种句子结构，熟练使用不同的句型结构表达自己的想法。
2.学会谈论不同地方的天气,能运用适当的形容词来描述天气或事物的特性。
教学重难点及突破
重点：掌握基本的四会单词、词组及句型。
难点：掌握句子成分的相关知识以及能够辨别简单句的五种句子结构类型, 运用适当的形容词来描述天气或事物的特性。
教学突破： 通过教师的讲解，开展多种形式的活动，帮助学生自己总结知识，应用知识。
教学准备
教师准备：多媒体课件。
学生准备：1.有关澳大利亚四季的图片。2.一些关于不同天气状况的图片。
教学设计
Step I Presentation（呈现）
1 We're going to look at three sentences. Pay attention to the verbs.
The snowy season will begin.
Children can eat ice cream.
The autumn leaves turn brown.
2 There are three ki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds of verbs. They are intransitive verbs, transitive verbs and linking verbs.
3归纳出判断及物动词、不及物动词和系动词的基本规律-
(1) An intransit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ive verb does not take an object, but can have a prepositional
⑵A transitive verb takes an object. 及物动词后面能直接加宾语。
(3) A linking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) verb links the subject and the adjective phrase or noun phrase that describes it.系动词包括：be/become/feel/get/look/seem/sound/stay/smell/taste/turn 等。
Step II Practice (操练)
1 Read sentences. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Pay attention to the underlined verbs. Which are transitive verbs Which are intransitive verbs And which are linking verbs
2每人在纸上写五个动词，相互交换并说出这五个动词分别属于什么类型。
Step III Presentation (呈现)
1 We've learnt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) about three kinds of verbs. Each word or phrase after a verb plays a different role in the sentence because of the type of the verb.
2总结以上三个基本句型，特别指出这三个句型 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是由谓语动词来决定的。当谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子结构是S + V,当谓语动词是及物动词时，句子结构是S + V + O,当谓语动词是系动词时，句子结构是S + V + P。
Step IV操练
1完成A部分的练习，然后核对答案，并说出如何根据谓语动词来判断句子结构。
2呈现S + V、S + V + 0、S + V + P的结构，根据结构造句。
Step V Presentation (呈现)
1呈现句子并加以介绍:
(1)Kitty gives Simon some books.
这个句子的基本结构：S + ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )V + IO + DO (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾 语)。此处Simon和some books分别是动词give的间接宾语和直接宾语。
(2)Simon found the weather warm.
这个句子的基本结构：S + V ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) + DO + OC (主语+及物动词+直接宾语+宾语 补足语)。此处the weather和warm分别是宾语和宾语补足语。
2呈现句子，用to来改写S + V + IO + DO结构，如：
Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream.
=Hobe gave some ice cream to Eddie.
归纳：如果动词是bring、give ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、hand、lend、offer, pass、pay、 post、read、sell、send、show、take、teach, tell、write等，可以用to来改写 句子。
3呈现句子，用for来改写S + V + IO + DO结构，如：
Hobo built Eddie a tent.
=Hobo built a tent for Eddie.
归纳：如果动词是bring、bui ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld、buy、cook、find、get、leave、 make、order、pick、save等，可以用for来改写句子。
Step VI Practice(操练)
1 Discuss:“Kitty give ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s Simon some books.” 和“Simon found the weather warm."两个句子，试图发现区分这两种句型的规律。
2辨析S + V + IO + DO与S + V + DO + OC这两个不同的句型结构。
Step VII Activity(活动)
给出谓语动词，让学生两人一组，一位 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学生造句，另一位学生说出句子的结构：Make sentences according to the five basic sentence structures. Work in pairs. One student will make a sentence. The other will tell us the sentence structure
Step VIII Practice(操练)
1呈现句子，让学生进一步操练，说出划线部分在句子中的成分。
2完成B部分的练习，然后核对答案，并说出如何来判断句子结构。
3补充练习，翻译句子，并判断句子结构。
Integrated skills (学习Integrated skills)
Step I Presentation(新授)
1播放一段中国不同地区冬季的天气报道， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )China is a big country. In the south of China, it's warm in winter. But in the north, it's cold in winter.
2完成A1部分的练习。认真读北京四个季节的天气预报，并为这四篇预报匹配对应的季节。
3 Look at the pi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctures of Australia. The beaches there are very famous. Do you like going to the beach to lie in the sun and eat ice cream In Australia, you can go to the beach and enjoy the sunshine in December. 学When it's winter in China, it's summer in Australia.呈现澳大利亚四季的图片，了解两地的差异之处。
Step II听力
Now we're going to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) listen to the weather report about four cities. Listen carefully and complete the table on page 87.
Step III Practice(操练)
1通过问答形式进行核对，核对答案的同时巩固知识-
2显示答案，把题目对应答案的录音再播放一遍，并加以解释。
Step IV Listening(听力)
1完成A3部分的练习。An ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nie is writing about the weather in different places in her diary entry. Listen to her conversation with Simon. Help her complete her diary entry.
2 Have you finished An ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nie's diary entry First, please check the answers in pairs. Then we'll check as a class.
3集体朗读短文，加深印象。
4教师对天气预报中常用的词组进行解释。
Step V Activity(活动)
1听一段中国四个不同地区的天气预报，然后把学生分成两人小组，其中一个扮演记者，另一个扮演学生接受采访。
2提供采访中可能用到的问题，促使每个学生参与课堂活动。
B Speak up: How's the weather in Nanjing
Step I Present Speak up(新授Speak up)
1 We know that in w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inter the weather in Beijing is different from that in Nanjing.让学生谈论两地的天气，导入B部分的话题。
2 It's a bit cold tod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay. The wind is blowing hard. The leaves are falling.板书a bit、blow,让学生根据语境猜测词义。板书loud,让学生根据语境猜测词义。
Step II Listening(听力)
1 Daniel is in Beijing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) now. He's talking about the weather on the phone with his aunt in Nanjing. Listen to the tape and tell me what his aunt's name is.
2带着问题听录音并找出答案：It's Jane.
3提供T/F判断题，要求他们再次听录音并完成正误判断。
4核对答案的同时鼓励能力较强的学生订正其中的错误。
Step III Practice(操练)
1播放B部分的录音，跟读：Please repeat after the tape.
2 Now this half of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the class will read.Daniel's part and the other half will read Aunt Jane's part. Then change parts.
3先把学生分成两人小组，然后呈现不同地区的天气情况，让学生选择其中两个地方作交流。
教材习题
教材第85页 Part A 1. S+V+O 2.S+V+P 3.S+V+P 4.S+V+O
5. S+V+O 6.S+V+P 7.S+V 8.S+V
教材第86页Part B 2.S+V+P, S+V+O, S+V 3.S+V+IO+DO,S+V+P,S+V+O
4.S+V,S+V+DO+OC+advervial
教材第87页Part A1 1.winter 2.autumn 3.summer 4.spring
Part A2 Beijing snowstorm -2°C -9°C
New York sunny 9°C 5°C
London cloudy 3°C -1°C
Sydney showers 26°C 21°C
教材第88页Part A3 1.snowstorm 2.sunny 3. cloudy 4. 9°C
5.-1°C 6.summer 7.showers 8. 26°C
随堂小练习
根据所提供的首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子
1. Tomorrow, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it will be warmer with the temperature of 20 __________(度)。
2. Throw the ________(余下) rubbish away.
3. It’s too cold. The temperature drops b__________ zero.
4. The boys like wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nter because they like snowball f_______ on snow days.
5. When I walk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed home yesterday, I saw you ______(站) on side of the road.
6. They were playing ________(吵闹) in the playground.
7. In summer, there is always a s_______ heavy rain.
8. The girl’s hair looks s________ in the sun.
9. Tom felt so s___________. He could’t see the blackboard clearly.
10.The littl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e boy always plays with the little cat, it’s so f________.
【keys】
1.degrees 2. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rest 3.below 4.fights 5.standing 6.noisily 7.sudden 8.shiny 9.sleepy 10. funny
Step IX Homework(家庭作业)
1复习语法部分内容，掌握其中出现的语法知识。
2记忆本课时所卞的词汇、词组和句型。
板书设计
Unit 7 SeasonsGrammar&Integrated skills Words：cloud, cough, ki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck, awful, fever, snowstorm, wind, around, rest, degree, bit, blow, loud, ringPhrases：turn more c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )loudy, in the thirties, the rest of, a bit, an awful day,from morning till nigh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, kick the ball, cough a lot, have a high feverSentences： The clouds became dark. Luckily, it didn't rain. How are you doing
教学探讨与反思：
本课时主要讲解句子成分和结 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )构，语法教学不仅有实用的目的，而且也有实施素质教育的目的。句子结构产生于人们的语言实践，又反过来指导人们的语言实践,使人们的语言实践更符合规律、更科学。我们要重视句子结构对语言实践的指导作用，这还有利于学生的综合素质的提高。因此，我们应不断地向学生阐明掌握句子结构的重要性，并努力在各种教学活动中培养学生掌握句子结构的意识和能力。
第二部分 讲解分析
一、 新词的导学与解读
1. fight
【应用】打架；与……打仗；与……斗争 n. 打架；战斗，斗志
【举例】People must fight on until the end. 人们必须继续斗争到底。
The solders have to fight for our country. 士兵们必须为我们的祖国战斗。
The robots have joined the fight as well.机器人也加人了战斗。
【拓展】1. fight ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(against /with sb. /sth.) “与……搏斗；打架，作战”，过去式和过去分词为fought，fought。如：
In World War Two，Britain fought against Germany with France.
在二战中，英国与法国联合抗击德国。
Have Tom fought with his brother again 汤姆又和弟弟打架了吗？
2. fight( about /over sth.)“因为某事而争论,争夺”。如：
Don't always fight about small things. 不要总是为琐事争吵。
The two dogs were fighting over a bone in the street. 街上有两只狗为一块骨头撕咬。
3. fight for sth. “争取获得或完成某事”。如：
fight for freedom，independence，human rights 争取获得自由、独立、人权等
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
他将为他的孩子们而战斗。
He will _________his children.
【点译】 fight for
2. taste
【应用】n.味道；品味；审美 vi.尝起来；有……的味道
【举例】This dish is to my taste. 这道菜合我的口味。
The ripe tomatoes taste sweet and sour. 成熟的西红柿尝起来又酸又甜。
【拓展】动词taste, smell，loo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k, sound和feel可用作连系动 词，后面只能接形容词作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。这时它 们都相当于不及物动词，因此不可用被动语态，也不可用在迸行时态中。
【举例】Millie’s idea sounded great. 米莉的主意听起来很不错。
The flowers in the garden smell sweet. 这些花芳香袭人。
My mother looked a little tired. 我妈妈看起来有点疲倦。
【实践】单项选择
These oranges on the table taste______.
good B. well C. to be good D.to be well
【点译】A
3. till
【应用】prep. 直到 conj. 直到……为止
【举例】We will keep up the struggle till we succeed.
我们将继续战斗直到我们取得胜利。
The students reviewed for the term examination till late at night.
学生们们为期未考试复习功课直到深夜。
【辨析】till，until
till和until—般情况下两者可以互换 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时性动词时,必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词 时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。
【举例】I didn't go to bed until (till) my mother came back.
直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。
It was not until the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )meeting was over that Mr. Gao began to teach me English.
直到散会之后高老师才开始教我英语。
I worked until my father came back. 我工作到我爸爸回来为止。
He didn't work until I came back. 我回来他才开始工作。
Please wait until I arrived at the stop.. 在我到达车站之前请等我。
注意：用在一些固定组合里的时候.till/until是不能替换的， 如：“from morning till night"
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
这个医生昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。
___________________________________________
【点译】The doctor didn't go to sleep until/till 12 last night
4. awful
【应用】adj.可怕的；糟糕的
【举例】Was he an awful friend
他是不是一个可怕的朋友？
I opened it to see a truly awful looking woman.
我打开门，看见一个确实长得很吓人的女人。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
我的弟弟做了很糟糕的事情。
My brother carried on something_______.
【点译】awful
二、课文对译
Speak up: How’s the weather in Naijing
大声说：南京的天气如何？
Aunt： Hi, Daniel This is Aunt Jan speaking.
阿姨：你好，丹尼尔。我是简阿姨。
Daniel: Hi, Aunt Jane.
丹尼尔：你好，简阿姨。
Aunt： How are you doing
阿姨：你好吗？
Daniel: I'm fine，but it's really cold.
丹尼尔：我很好，但天气真的很冷，
There was a strong snowstorm here in Beijing yesterday.
昨天北京这儿下了一场暴风雪。
How’s the weather in Nanjing
南京的天气怎么样啊？
Aunt： It’s a hit cold and dry ，but there are no snowstorms here.
阿姨：稍微有点冷和干燥，但这儿没 有暴风雪。
Daniel: Sorry, I can' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t hear you. The wind is blowing hard. Can you speak louder please
丹尼尔：抱歉.我听不见你说话。风 刮得很猛。请问你能说大声一点吗？
Aunt： That's OK. I'll ring you later. Take care. Bye-bye.
阿姨：没关系。我一会儿再打给你。 保重。再见。
Daniel: Bye.
丹尼尔：再见。
三、课文要点及语法详解
1. We divide verbs into three kinds. 我们把动词分成三类。
【解析】句中“divide… into…”意思为“把……分成”。
【举例】The island was divided into two parts. 这个岛屿被分成了两部分。
I will divide the cake into two pieces.我将把蛋糕分成两份。
【拓展】separate把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔开来”，常与 from搭配。
【举例】The Taiwan Straits separates Taiwan from Fujian. 台湾海峡把台湾和福建隔开了。
Separate the white ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) shirt from the colored ones,pleasse. 请把白衬衫与其他颜色的衬衫分开。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子
现在把蛋糕分成等份。
_______ the cake into equal parts now.
【点译】Divide
2.Eddie is watching Hobo work. Eddie正在看Hobo工作。
【解析】此句中watch是一个感官动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，感官动词有see, watch，observe，hear，notice等。此类感官动词后接宾语，再接动词原形或ing形式。前者表全过程，后者表正在进行。句中有频率词时，以上的词常跟动词原形。
【举例】He heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )someone knocking at the door when he fell asleep. 他入睡时有人正敲门。
He heard someone knock at the door three times. (听的是全过程）
He often watch his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )classmates play volleyball after school. (此处有频率词often)
【警示】若以上词用于被动语态，后面原有动词原形改为带 to不定式：
They saw him go into ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the restaurant →He was seen to go into the restaurant.
We hear the boy cry every day.→The boy is heard to cry every day.
【实践】单项选择
We knew her very well. We had seen her______up from childhood.
A, grow B grew C. was growing D. to grow
【点译】A
3. 语法详解
一．句子成分(Members of a Sentence)
什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。在句子 中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句 子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补 语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject)、谓语（predicau；)、表 语（predicative)、宾语（object)、定语（attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、 组合、省略或倒装。掌捤这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子 结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
—:S+V(主+谓）
二:S+V+P(主+ 系 + 表）
三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾）
四:S+V+IO+DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾）
五:S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）
二、基本句型
1.基本句型一:S+V(主+谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy)、主格代词（如 you)、动词不定式、动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！
谓语：谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如： "We come. ”。
S+V(不及物动词）
(1)The Sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
(2)It doesn't matter.没关系。
(3)The bird disappeared soon.鸟不久就消失了。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即,句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
2.基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )谓语动词都不能表 达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语 构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动同。 连系动同分两类：be，look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get， grow,become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意 义，只起连接主语和表语的作用。其他系动词仍保持其部分词 义。感官动问多可用作联系动词：look well面色好，sound nice 听起来不错，feel good感觉好,smell bad难闻。
S+V(系动词）+ P
（1）That is an English—Chinese dictionary. 那是本英汉辞典。
（2）The lunch smells good.午餐闻起来很香。
（3）The young man fell in love.这个年轻人堕入了情。
（4）Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。
（5）Tom is growing tall and strong.汤姆长得又高又壮。
（6）The trouble is that we are short of money. 麻烦的是我们缺少钱。
（7）My face turned red.我的脸红了。
There be结构:There be表示“存在有”。这里的there没有 实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。
此结构后跟名词,表示“(存在)有某事物”。
【警示】“There is a boy there.那儿有一个男孩。”前一个 there无实意,后一个there为副词“那里”。
3.基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )义，都是主语 产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟冇一个宾语，即动 作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语 位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的 代同必须是“代词宾格”，如:me，him，them等。
S+V(及物动词）+O
(1)Who knows the answer 谁知道答案？
(2)He smiled his thanks.他微笑表示感谢。
(3)She has refused to help them.她拒绝帮他们。
(4)They enjoy reading.他们喜欢看书。
(5)We ate what was left over.我们吃了剩饭。
(6)He said "Good morning. ”他说:“早上好！”
(7)1 want to have a cup of coffee.我想喝杯咖啡。
(8)He admits that he was mistaken.他承认犯了错误。
4. 基本句型四:S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语，如：give给，pass递，bring带,show显示……这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;—个 指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
—般的顺序为：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:“Give me a cup of tea. please."。
强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。 如：“Show this house to Mr. Smith. ”。
若直接宾语为人称代词,则顺序为：动词+代词直接宾语+ 介词 + 间接宾语。如：“Bring it to me,please. ”。
S+V(及物）+ IO(多指人) + DO(多指物)
(1)He ordered himself a pair of new trousers. 他给自己定了一条新裤子。
(2)Lily cooked her husband a delicious meal. 莉莉给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
(3)She brought you a dictionary.她给你带来了一本字典。
(4)He denies me nothing.他对我什么都不拒绝。
(5)1 showed them my pictures.我给他们看我的照片
(6)He gave my car a wash.他洗了我的汽车。
(7)He told me that the bus was late.他告诉我汽车晚点了。
(8)My father showed me how to run the machine. 我爸爸教我运行机器。
5. 基本句型五:S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）
此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟 一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充说明的成分。 宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。
(1)名词/代词宾格+名词
The war made him a soldier. 战争使他成为一名战士。
（2）名词/代词宾格+形容词
New methods will make the job easy. 新方法会使这项工作变得轻松。
（3）名词/代词宾格+介词短语
I often find the teacher at work. 我经常发现老师在工作。
（4）名词/代词宾格+动词不定式
Mr. Wu asked the students to close the windows. 吴老师让学生们关上窗户。
（5）名词/代词宾格+分词
1 saw a cat running across the road just now. 我刚刚看见一只猫跑过了马路。
S+V(及物)+DO(宾语)+OC(宾补）
（1）We appointed him the manager.我们任命他当经理。
（2）They painted the door blue. 他们把门漆成蓝色。
（3）This set us thinking.这使得我们要仔细想一想。
（4）We found the house deserted. 我们发现那房子无人居住。
（5）What makes her think so 什么使她这样想？
（6）We saw her out.我们送她出去。
（7）My dad asked me to come back soon.我爸爸要我早点回来。
（8）1 saw them getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
4. a bit
【应用】意为“一点儿”
【举例】We are a bit tired tonight. 今晚我们有点疲倦。
He asked her to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) give him a hand but she's being a bit bolshy about it.
他请她过来帮忙，但她却有点不乐意。
【辨析】a bit, a little
a bit和a little都作“一点儿”讲，但用法不同。
1.a bit和a little在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换，表示“一点儿”的意思。如:
The speaker ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly in the hall.
演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使礼堂里的人听得更清楚。
2.a bit和a little在否定句中的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意思恰恰相反，not a bit相当 于“not at all”（一点儿都不）；not a little 相当于“very(much)”或 “extremely”(很、非常）。如：
She was not a bi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t tired yesterday. ( = She was not tired at all yesterday.) 她昨天一点都不累。
3.a little可以直接作定语修饰名词，而a bit则要在后面加 of构成短语才能作定语，两者都只能修饰不可数名词。如-
There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。
【实践】翻译句子（汉译英）
汤姆现在一点儿也不累。
_______________________
【点译】 Tom is not a bit tired now.
5. take care
【应用】意为“注意；小心”
【举例】Take care! The ice is so thin. 当心！冰很薄。
I'm looking forward to seeing you again. Take care. 我期待再一次见到你。多保重。
【辨析】take care, take care of
take care 当心
take care of = look after 照看
【举例】The writer takes great care in the use of words. 这位作家用词非常注意。
We must know how to take good care of cadres. 我们必须善于爱护干部。
【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子。
这里的护士细心护理病人，病人很快恢复了健康。
The nurses here_____________the patient and he soon recovered
【点译】 took good care of
四、中考在线:
【例题】1.（2013.济南）I re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ally enjoy the noodles and vegetables. They _______ delicious.
A.stay B.feel C.taste D.sound
【解析】taste. 面条和蔬菜尝起来美味。
【例题】2.（2013.贵港）H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i, Peter! Tomorrow is mum’s birthday.What are you going to buy ______ her
I’m going to buy her a scarf.
A. to B.for C. in D.from
【解析】B. buy sth. for sb.
【例题】3.（2013.滨州）Would you like _______ camping with me
I’d like to .But I’m busy_______my homework.
to go ; to do B.to go; doing C.going; to do D.going;doing
【解析】B. would like to do sth. be busy doing sth.
【例题】4.(2013.丽水) T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ake some rest after lunch and you won’t feel _______ in the afternoon.
【解析】sleepy. 欲睡的。
第三部分 习题设计
Grammar&Integrated skills
一、分析下列句子属于简单句的哪种结构
A. S+V B. S+V+DO C. S+V+P
D. S+V+IO+DO E. S+V+DO+OC
( )1. They are very happy every day.
( )2. They painted the walls white.
( )3 .The boy likes the beautiful birds.
( )4. Many students don’t think themselves clever enough.
( )5. Some parents give children too much money.
( )6. Look! The policemen are running.
( )7. We must keep our classroom clean.
( )8. He will become a doctor.
( )9. Andy shows her friend some photos.
( )10. The boy finished his homework.
二、根据所提供的首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子
1. There are many c___________. It will rain.
2. Did you have a ________(发烧) after we left yesterday
3. My teacher __________(咳嗽)badly last night and he needs to take medicine today.
4. My son is crazy about football. He even k________ stones and cans.
5. I couldn’t stand London. An _________(糟糕的)place.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The students ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e singing and dancing ___________ (happy) over there. Look! They’re sad.
2. It’s one of the ______________ (important) wetlands
3. Look, the golden eagle ______________ (have) broad wings.
4. This informa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion will make them take action _________ (protect) wildlife.
5. Every year, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) many tourists go to Yancheng ___________ (watch) birds.
6. There ____________ (be) less and less space for wildlife.
四、单项选择
( )1. Some parents ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )give children too much pocket money. The sentence is _____.
A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC
( )2. Our teachers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )always make their classes interesting and lively . The main structure of the sentence is ______________
A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC
( )3. Tom fell _____ his bike and hurt himself badly.
A. in B. into C. off D. down
( )4. It’s warm in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) winter in my country. The ______ temperature is 5°C.
A. lowest B. highest C. low D. high
( )5. --______ is the weather ______ today –It’s sunny.
A. How, / B. What, / C. How, like D. What, as
( )6. The meat smells _____. Throw it away.
A. well B. good C. badly D. bad
( )7. Do you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) know the boy in the picture The main structure of the sentence is _______
A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC
( )8. –Who’s that, please --___________.
A. Who are you B. I’m John.
C. This is John speaking. D. He is John.
【Keys】
一、1.C 2.E 3.B 4.E 5.D 6.A 7.E 8.B 9.D 10.B
二、1.clouds 2.fever 3.coughed 4.kicks 5.awful
三、1.happily 2.most important 3.has 4.to protect 5.to watch 6.will be
四、1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.
