河南省南阳市第一名校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试 英语 （解析版）

南阳一中2024年春期高二开学考试
英语试题
一、阅读理解(共19小题;每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)
A
Wales is home to some of the UK's most beautiful drives.Narrow lanes criss-cross the land. meaning travel can be slow-but there's no need to rush.
The Coastal Way
This route(路线）covers the entire length of Cardigan Bay, and spoils travelers with its remote beaches and charming seaside towns.
Comb the sand for fossils,shells at Aberdaron Beach,and then hit the road,heading cast toward Porthmadog. Here you can hop on a heritage steam train, a relic of the region's mining history,to give Snowdonia's skyline your undivided attention.
The Cambrian Way
The Cambrian Way, which cuts north to south through the heart of Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks to its patchwork fields, dense forests and rolling, sheep-dotted hills.
The route becomes increasingly wild and rough as it weaves north into Powys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and you'll need plenty of energy for hiking or mountain biking along the trails.
The North Wales Way
Spanning Wales' short but scenic north coast, this route offers road trippers a chance to encounter Welsh history, language and culture in a splendid setting.
Head west through the uncrowded Clwydian Hills until you reach Ruthin, a little town brimming with history,where you can see its restored castle, century-spanning museum and Victorian Ruthin Gaol. Border Country
Tracing the dotted line that separates England and Wales on a map,this border-hugging route will take you to some of Wales' most underrated sites slowly, if you stick to the narrow back roads.
Starting in the border town of Chepstow in Southeast Wales,make your way northward.You can top to admire the roofless ruins of Tintern Abbey and lesser known castes Skenfrith and Grosmont
1. Which route best suits people who enjoy mountain scenery
A. The Coastal Way.
B. The Cambrian Way.
C. The North Wales Way
D. Border Country.
2. What is special about The North Wales Way
A. It enables travelers to visit a castle.
B. It is an area of scenic beauty.
C. It offers a glimpse into Welsh culture.
D. It is a crowd-free escape from big cities.
3. What is the purpose of the article
A. To introduce road trips in Wales.
B. To introduce the Welsh landscape.
C. To tell about Wales' history.
D. To advertise Wales 'tourism industry.
B
A 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover (探测器)to Mars ended successfully on February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial(微生物的)life on Mars.
Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.
The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.
Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.
The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rover will begin to carry out its mission.
“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division.“ While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.”
4 What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars
A. The speed reduction.
B. The atmosphere analysis.
C. The location search.
D. The time management.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.
B. Consequences of wrong entry degree.
C. Factors to survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.
6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The space. B. The area.
C. The system. D. The surface.
7. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze’s words
A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.
C. Man still has a long way to go to prove there was life on Mars.
D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to the labs on the Earth.
C
Elon Musk isn’t content with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also wants to get inside your brain.
His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural (神经的) diseases and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.
Not that it’s anywhere close to that yet.
In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the young company is far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials and governmental approval. Friday’s video showed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a founder of both the electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans. His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!
Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. “You don’t need to have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is something that can be learned on the job.
Connecting a brain up directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson’s disease. In 2016, researchers reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our brains to computers one day.
8. What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a person’s head.
C. It has to be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 6
A. copy B. defeat C. understand D. destroy
10. What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want
A. Someone who also wants to create the same device.
B. Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.
C. People who have already designed some unique products.
D. Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.
11. Where is this text likely from
A. An advertisement. B. A test report.
C. A science fiction novel. D. A news report.
D
On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you’re bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷). With no fat and just a quarter of the calories in a whole egg, the whites look like the best choice at first glance. Not so fast, though new research shows a good reason why you might want to keep the yolk (蛋黄) in if you want to get fit. Plus, forget the bad impression that the cholesterol (胆固醇) in yolks has gotten in the past. The USDA removed limits on dietary cholesterol in its most recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence doesn’t back up claims that the cholesterol you eat has much influence on blood cholesterol levels.
In a recent study, researchers had ten young men eat either whole eggs or egg whites after completing a strength-training workout. Both egg choices contained 18 grams of protein, and the eggs were developed with chemical markers. Thanks to them, the researchers tracked how the men’s bodies used amino acids (氨基酸) from the eggs and egg whites, and found some surprising results. About 65 to 70 percent of amino acids were available in the blood for both the whole egg and egg white groups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest of the results didn’t back up that conclusion.
When the researchers looked specifically at how much protein synthesis — the process that helps muscles repair and grow — occurred, one form of egg clearly did better than the other. “Having whole eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater protein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study author Nicholas Burd in a statement.
Although this study was too small I to be conclusive, its conclusion backs up whole egg benefits that nutritionists have been praising for years. From their point of view egg whites are high-protein, low-calorie, but the yolk contains nearly all of an egg’s vitamins. And one study found that adults who eat whole eggs in the morning lose more weight and body fat than those who get the same number of calories from a bread-based breakfast. While no large studies have looked into the weight-loss benefits of whole eggs vs egg whites, there’s also no evidence that the 140 calories in two whole large eggs should scare you away. Crack on, egg lovers.
12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1
A. The whites can help people have a good shape.
B. The yolk’s function is different from the whites.
C. People tend to consider the yolk to be unhealthy.
D. The yolk has much to do with blood cholesterol levels.
13. Why were the eggs developed with chemical markers
A. To help process the proteins better.
B. To make them healthier for people.
C. To track the amino acids during digestion.
D. To help the body consume amino acids.
14. The findings of the recent study mainly show that_________.
A. amino acids are easy to get in eggs
B. eating the whole egg helps build muscles
C. the yolk of the egg is better than the white
D. eggs can produce more proteins than any other kinds of food_________.
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Egg Whites VS Whole Eggs
B. Egg White Omelets or Just the Yolk
C. The Correct Way to Build Muscles
D. Unknown Facts about Egg White Omelets
E
The specific cultural values of a country may determine whether concern about environmental issues actually leads individuals to engage in environmentally friendly behaviors, according to research published in Psychological Science.
Kimin Eom, a psychological scientist of the University of California, Santa Barbara, was inspired to investigate the links between culture, environmental concern, and environmental action after noticing that both public discussion and academic research on environmental behavior typically focus on people from Western countries. It is worth noticing because Western countries tend to have cultural values that prioritize individuals’ own attitudes and beliefs and encourage expression of them.
“The theory seemed to be that once individuals are led to believe in the urgency of environmental issues and have stronger concerns about sustainability (持续性), they will change and act to address the issues,” explains Eom. But this relationship might not hold for individuals living in more collectivistic (集体主义的) societies, which place more emphasis on social harmony and uniformity than on self-expression, Eom and his team assumed.
To examine what drives environmental action in individualistic and collectivistic cultures, the researchers conducted a study with participants from the United States (an individualistic culture) and Japan (a collectivistic culture). They found environmental concern was closely connected with environmental behavior — in this case, choosing environmentally friendly products — but only among American participants. On the other hand, believing that a large percentage of people engage in environmentally friendly behaviors was associated with making eco-friendly choices among Japanese participants, but not American participants.
The findings suggest that personal concerns are more likely to motivate people to take environmental action if they live in individualistic countries, while social norms (准则) are more likely to drive people to engage in environmentally friendly behavior if they live in collectivistic countries.
“Getting citizens actively engaged is critical to addressing urgent social challenges, such as climate change,” says Eom. “Our research suggests that scientists, policymakers, and activists need to understand how culture shapes the psychological factors of action to develop policies, campaigns, and interventions (干预) that address important social issues.”
16. What does Eom find about previous research on environmental behavior
A. Its study participants are too limited.
B. Its results need a while to be achieved.
C. It prioritizes individuals’ attitudes and beliefs.
D. It draws much evidence from public discussion.
17. Under which condition will a Japanese man most likely take environmental action
A. If he sees many others do so.
B. If he is affected by collectivistic values.
C. If he moves to an individualistic country.
D. If he worries about the environment personally.
18. What does Eom say about their research in the last paragraph
A. It fails to take participants’ psychological factors into account.
B. It encourages scientists and policymakers to make joint efforts.
C. It has a further study direction towards urgent social challenges.
D. It provides insights into promoting public engagement in social issues.
19. What is the best title for the text
A. Social Norms Play a Part in Addressing Pollution
B. Environmental Issues Originate from National Cultures
C. Motivating Eco-Friendly Behaviors Depends on Cultural Values
D. More Environmental Concerns Usually Mean More Green Action
二、七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The next time you’re at an airport or hotel, you might notice a traveling group that consists of young kids, parents, and grandparents vacationing together. ___20___But more and more families tend to bring multiple generations with them.
___21___In larger groups, for example, child-care responsibilities can be shared across family members, allowing parents to take a break. But the real value of these trips might be how they give relatives an opportunity to freshen their perception of the people they’ve known for perhaps their entire life. Travel can take us out of our familiar contexts and offer people a chance to see one another differently.
The shift toward multi-generational travel has a few explanations. For one, grandparents today stay healthy later in life, allowing them more energy for travel. ___22___Plus, the average U.S. household has become more multi-generational. Americans are not just traveling with grandparents in order to spend time with them, they are traveling with them because they are more likely to live with them in the first place. ___23___Americans are taking fewer vacation days than they did in the 1970s. They might want to make the most of that time by including as many people as possible.
Whatever the reason for its popularity, a multi-generational trip can be a rare time when younger and older generations can glimpse the complex people they have each become. Away from the family home, older generations get to see their adult children as responsible parents. Kids get to see their grandparents encounter a new environment. ___24___
A. Another explanation is time pressure.
B. The benefits of multi-generational trips are numerous.
C. Decades ago, only wealthy families vacationed together.
D. A scene like this would have been rare a few decades ago.
E. Multi generational family travel tops the list of travel trends.
F. Everyone gets to break out of their family roles and figure out how to be together.
G. Also, big-group accommodation has become more affordable through online platforms.
三、完形填空(两篇共30小题;每小题1分，满分30分)
(一)
I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there” the innkeeper ___25___ me. “The viewing platform has been closed due to ___26___ that too many visitors could cause geological damage.”
Despite our disappointment, we ___27___ an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest”. Initially, we were ___28___ to run the risk. However, I had ___29___ the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.” Three of our group ___30___ decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing ___31___ : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”
The next morning, we set off with a local ___32___ . Rain came and went three times, and before I actually ___33___ to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin. I was a walking ___34___ of mud and water.
Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly in the ___35___ . Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physical ___36___ . “One can never reach those places without strong willpower,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-old ___37___ , over and over again.
Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our ___38___ . Thinking of them leading to an unknown world, I began to ___39___ the road that I can control even more.
Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.
25. A. answered B. told C. followed D. favored
26. A. news B. matters C. concerns D. conclusions
27. A. worked out B. took in C. set down D. ruled out
28. A. unwilling B. surprised C. calm D. inspired
29. A. forgotten B. promoted C. interpreted D. noticed
30. A. shortly B. lately C. eventually D. suddenly
31. A. taste B. tone C. smile D. sigh
32. A. botanist B. keeper C. farmer D. guide
33. A. managed B. decided C. planned D. agreed
34. A. visitor B. mixture C. log D. stranger
35. A. eagerness B. mood C. humor D. pity
36. A. contact B. energy C. activity D. challenge
37. A. prediction B. line C. deal D. secret
38. A. route B. landmark C. platform D. rock
39. A. guarantee B. ignore C. doubt D. appreciate
(二)
I’ll always remember a lesson that I learned as a boy growing up in New York City. One day, when I was perhaps six years old, I was walking with my father on a ____40____ street. All of a sudden, the flow of pedestrian traffic came to a stop as people tried to ____41____ a large object on the sidewalk. To my astonishment, the object ____42____ to be a human being, a man lying unconscious against a building. As we walked by, my father—the model of a loving, ____43____ gentleman—pointed to a bottle in a paper bag and told me that the poor soul on the sidewalk just needed to sleep it off. Then the drunken man began to murmur senselessly. My father ____44____ me not to go near, saying “you never know how he’ll react.”
Yet many years later I had a very different experience while visiting a market in Rangoon. I had spent the previous 12 months traveling in ____45____ Asian cities, but even by those standards this was a scene of misery (穷困). ____46____ desperate poverty and strong winds blowing dust ____47____, the locals had to live in the extremely hot climate with ridiculously huge crowds. ____48____ a man carrying a huge bag of peanuts called out in pain and ____49____ to the ground. I then witnessed an astonishing scene. Half a dozen ____50____ ran from their stands to help, leaving unattended what might have been the totality of their possessions. One put a blanket under the man’s head; another opened his shirt; the third one ____51____ him carefully about the pain; the fourth one ____52____ water; the fifth one kept onlookers from crowding around too closely; the sixth one ran for help. Within minutes a doctor arrived and two other locals joined in to assist. The ____53____ could have passed for a final exam at a nursing school.
I couldn’t help wondering, why people act ____54____ at the similar situation here
40.
A. silent B. crowded C. new D. remote
41.
A. avoid B. identify C. observe D. approach
42.
A. broke out B. stood up C. turned out D. grew up
43.
A. strong B. caring C. honest D. indifferent
44.
A. forced B. persuaded C. warned D. allowed
45.
A. poor B. wealthy C. fashionable D. dangerous
46.
A. Instead of B. In spite of C. In case of D. In addition to
47.
A everywhere B. nowhere C. somewhere D. anywhere
48.
A. Gradually B. Absolutely C. Immediately D. Suddenly
49.
A. fell B. jumped C. rolled D. marched
50.
A. beggars B. judges C. sellers D. customers
51.
A. doubted B. named C. explained D. questioned
52.
A. drank B. saved C. removed D. fetched
53.
A. doctor B. onlookers C. performance D. discovery
54.
A. confidently B. differently C. independently D. cautiously
四、单选(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
55. Behind last year’s Zibo’s sudden fame ______ the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses.
A is B. are C. were D. was
56. The exhibit also includes an interactive, immersive unit ______ visitors may click a mouse to change digital versions of the artwork.
A. which B. where C. that D. what
57. Many stores make cloth shoes using machines, but Qiang sticks to the technique of making shoes entirely ______ hand.
A. with B. in C. by D. at
58. ______ many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned to China in 1955.
A. To overcome B. Having overcome C. Overcoming D. Overcome
59. She noted that cultural integration has always been a proposition (主张) of the Maltese government, and ______ cooperation between the two sides should be based on equality.
A. the B. what C. which D. that
60. Celadon (青瓷) produced in Longquan, Zhejiang province, a technique passed down for more than 1,600 years, ______ a typical example of craftsmen’s pursuit of the perfect green glint (闪耀).
A. are B. being C. were D. is
61. Folk tunes and lyrics in his regional dialect were ______ made singer-song writer Zhang Gasong’s music stand out.
A. what B. that C. how D. where
62. Zhang has recorded and learned music from folk musicians he met while travelling, as ______ means to preserve endangered folk music styles.
A the B. these C. a D. those
63. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ______ for everyone.
A. is intended B. having intended C. which intended D. intended
64. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ______ saving their environment.
A. for B. as C. in D. of
五、U10单句填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
65. _____(interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. So on behalf of the villagers’ benefit, the local government has decided to call for an end to the factories’ ______ (legal) behaviors. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. With a new teaching approach ______ (adopt), the students are becoming more and more interested in their study. (所给词的适当形式填空)
68. Suffering severe backache, he was far from ______ (impress) in his semi-final against Federer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69. Some of the most ______ (frequent) asked questions have provoked heated discussion among the netizens. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. The study ______ (investigate) the impact of violent TV programming on children over the last two years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
71. Despite difficulties he still made a resolution ______ (proceed) with environmental causes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
72. He ______ (freeze) with terror, totally at a loss what he would do next. (所给词的适当形式填空)
73. ______ (appeal) to the referee does not often result in a decision being changed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
74. Government ______ (intervene) to regulate prices aims to lessen the destructive effects of economic depression. (所给词的适当形式填空)
六、U11单句填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
75. I am writing to make an apology for any ______ (不便) caused by my children.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
76. She felt ______ (羞愧) of making a mess in the bathroom. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
77. I have no choice but to make ______ (投诉) about the salesman’s rude behavior. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
78. She made a New Year’s ______ (resolve) to study even harder in the coming year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
79. His sudden ________(depart) threw the office into chaos. (所给词的适当形式填空)
80. The public demanded that the troops ______ (撤离，退出) from the region. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
81. The charity is busy d______ (分发，分配) food to the earthquake victims. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
82. We can draw a ______ (conclude) from the statistics that homelessness is on the increase. (所给词的适当形式填空)
83. There is no denying that working out regularly is ______ (benefit) to us. (所给词的适当形式填空)
84. Fortunately, the kid made a full ______ (康复) after the operation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
七、U12单句填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
85. He proposed that a fund ______ (establish) to raise money. (所给词的适当形式填空)
86. The economy has shown significant ______ (improve) over the past 9 months. (所给词的适当形式填空)
87. The number of tourists to the resort declined ______ 10% last year.(用适当的词填空)
88. I have a good command of English with a high level of ______ (accurate). (所给词的适当形式填空)
89. Tu Youyou has devoted her entire life to ______ (science) research into artemisinin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
90. ______ (instant) Mo Yan stepped onto the stage, the audience burst into thunderous applause. (所给词的适当形式填空)
91. On hearing the news, he ______ (overcome) with delight. (所给词的适当形式填空)
92. Children are advised to drink as much ______ (boil) water as possible, which is favorable to their health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
93. Mozart, an internationally recognized musician, has a gift ______ composition. (用适当的词填空)
94. Tickets are ________ (availability) free of charge from the school. (所给词的适当形式填空)
南阳一中2024年春期高二开学考试
英语试题
一、阅读理解(共19小题;每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)
A
Wales is home to some of the UK's most beautiful drives.Narrow lanes criss-cross the land. meaning travel can be slow-but there's no need to rush.
The Coastal Way
This route(路线）covers the entire length of Cardigan Bay, and spoils travelers with its remote beaches and charming seaside towns.
Comb the sand for fossils,shells at Aberdaron Beach,and then hit the road,heading cast toward Porthmadog. Here you can hop on a heritage steam train, a relic of the region's mining history,to give Snowdonia's skyline your undivided attention.
The Cambrian Way
The Cambrian Way, which cuts north to south through the heart of Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks to its patchwork fields, dense forests and rolling, sheep-dotted hills.
The route becomes increasingly wild and rough as it weaves north into Powys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and you'll need plenty of energy for hiking or mountain biking along the trails.
The North Wales Way
Spanning Wales' short but scenic north coast, this route offers road trippers a chance to encounter Welsh history, language and culture in a splendid setting.
Head west through the uncrowded Clwydian Hills until you reach Ruthin, a little town brimming with history,where you can see its restored castle, century-spanning museum and Victorian Ruthin Gaol. Border Country
Tracing the dotted line that separates England and Wales on a map,this border-hugging route will take you to some of Wales' most underrated sites slowly, if you stick to the narrow back roads.
Starting in the border town of Chepstow in Southeast Wales,make your way northward.You can top to admire the roofless ruins of Tintern Abbey and lesser known castes Skenfrith and Grosmont
1. Which route best suits people who enjoy mountain scenery
A. The Coastal Way.
B. The Cambrian Way.
C. The North Wales Way
D. Border Country.
2. What is special about The North Wales Way
A. It enables travelers to visit a castle.
B. It is an area of scenic beauty.
C. It offers a glimpse into Welsh culture.
D. It is a crowd-free escape from big cities.
3. What is the purpose of the article
A. To introduce road trips in Wales.
B. To introduce the Welsh landscape.
C. To tell about Wales' history.
D. To advertise Wales 'tourism industry.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。威尔士拥有英国的一些最美丽的车道，本文介绍了四条不同的风景参观线路，供游客参观。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Cambrian Way”部分“The Cambrian Way,which cuts north to south through the heart of Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks to its patchwork fields, dense forests and rolling, sheep-dotted hills.”（寒武纪之路，从北到南穿过威尔士的中心，由于它错落有致的田野，茂密的森林，绵延起伏的山丘，是一个奇妙的地方。）可知，在The Cambrian Way，游客可以看到绵延起伏的山丘。选项B符合题意，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The North Wales Way”部分中“Spanning Wales' short but scenic north coast, this route offers road trippers a chance to encounter Welsh history, language and culture in a splendid setting. ” （横跨威尔士短小但风景优美的北部海岸，这条路线为公路旅行者提供了一个机会，在一个壮丽的环境中接触威尔士的历史，语言和文化。）可知，这条路线可以帮助人们了解威尔士的文化，选项C符合题意，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Wales is home to some of the UK's most beautiful drives.Narrow lanes criss-cross the land. meaning travel can be slow-but there's no need to rush.”（威尔士是英国最美的地方之一，狭窄的车道纵横交错。也就是说旅行可能会很慢，但是没有必要匆忙。）提到了威尔士美在于其狭窄的车道纵横交错，同时结合下面段落中对威尔士的四条不同的风景参观线路的介绍，可知文章主要介绍了威尔士四条不同的供游客参观风景线路。选项A符合题意，故选A。
B
A 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover (探测器)to Mars ended successfully on February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agency’s biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial(微生物的)life on Mars.
Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.
The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees—any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.
Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.
The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percy’s scientific instruments. Once ready, the rover will begin to carry out its mission.
“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division.“ While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.”
4. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars
A. The speed reduction.
B. The atmosphere analysis.
C. The location search.
D. The time management.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.
B. Consequences of wrong entry degree.
C. Factors to survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.
6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The space. B. The area.
C. The system. D. The surface.
7. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze’s words
A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.
C. Man still has a long way to go to prove there was life on Mars.
D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to the labs on the Earth.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“毅力号”火星探测器的主要任务，以及其登陆火星过程中的情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Red Planet’s gravitational(引力) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.(这颗红色星球的引力使接近的航天器更快地达到高速，而它稀薄的大气层(只有地球的百分之一)在接近表面时几乎没有帮助它减速。)”可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别挑战。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph—in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees(科学家们必须在六分半钟内将Percy的1.2万英里/每小时的速度降低到不到每小时5英里的安全着陆速度。目标进入角度也必须精确到12度)”以及“It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.(难怪最后一段时间通常被称为“恐怖的七分钟”)”可知，该段主要介绍了“恐怖七分钟”的生存因素：降低速度和精确的切入角度。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前句内容“Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area (其复杂的地图读取系统快速扫描该区域)”可知，将Percy数据库中的地图与扫描的区域进行匹配，由此找到最佳的着陆位置。故推断it指代该句中的“the area”。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.(虽然我们将通过探测器上的强大仪器了解到很多东西，但很可能需要地球上设备更完善的实验室和精密的仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否携带了火星曾经存在生命的证据。)”可知，确认火星曾经存在过微生物需要大量的证据，而携带这些证据的样本又需要装备更加齐全的实验室以及精密的仪器才能进行分析。据此可推知,人类要证明火星上曾有生命还有很长的路要走。故选C。
C
Elon Musk isn’t content with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also wants to get inside your brain.
His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural (神经的) diseases and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.
Not that it’s anywhere close to that yet.
In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.
But the young company is far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials and governmental approval. Friday’s video showed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.
Musk, a founder of both the electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans. His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!
Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. “You don’t need to have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is something that can be learned on the job.
Connecting a brain up directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in brains to treat such conditions as Parkinson’s disease. In 2016, researchers reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain implant. But Musk’s proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our brains to computers one day.
8. What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink
A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.
B. It can be put in a person’s head.
C. It has to be placed behind the ear.
D. It is already available at the market.
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 6
A. copy B. defeat C. understand D. destroy
10. What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want
A. Someone who also wants to create the same device.
B. Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.
C. People who have already designed some unique products.
D. Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.
11. Where is this text likely from
A. An advertisement. B. A test report.
C. A science fiction novel. D. A news report.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 Elon Musk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是 寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了 Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。它被设计成放在一个人的大脑里面。该设备的早期版本像一个巨大的助听器一样必须被放在耳朵后面)”可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“His solution Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!(他的解决方案？把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们)”可推断，Elon Musk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类由此他的解决方案是将人类的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样就能跟上AI甚至打败他们。故推测划线词的意思表示“打败”，与defeat意思相近。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. (Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了一种产品的人来申请)”可知，Elon Musk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. It’s designed to be put in a person’s head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.(在周五的一段显然是为了招聘新员工的视频中，马斯克展示了第二个版本的Neuralink，这是一种大硬币大小的设备。它被设计用来植入人的大脑。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样放在耳朵后面)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Elon Musk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品——最新推出的Neuralink人机接口设备进行的报道和说明。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选D。
D
On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you’re bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷). With no fat and just a quarter of the calories in a whole egg, the whites look like the best choice at first glance. Not so fast, though new research shows a good reason why you might want to keep the yolk (蛋黄) in if you want to get fit. Plus, forget the bad impression that the cholesterol (胆固醇) in yolks has gotten in the past. The USDA removed limits on dietary cholesterol in its most recent dietary guidelines. It’s all because evidence doesn’t back up claims that the cholesterol you eat has much influence on blood cholesterol levels.
In a recent study, researchers had ten young men eat either whole eggs or egg whites after completing a strength-training workout. Both egg choices contained 18 grams of protein, and the eggs were developed with chemical markers. Thanks to them, the researchers tracked how the men’s bodies used amino acids (氨基酸) from the eggs and egg whites, and found some surprising results. About 65 to 70 percent of amino acids were available in the blood for both the whole egg and egg white groups suggesting they’d be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest of the results didn’t back up that conclusion.
When the researchers looked specifically at how much protein synthesis — the process that helps muscles repair and grow — occurred, one form of egg clearly did better than the other. “Having whole eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater protein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study author Nicholas Burd in a statement.
Although this study was too small I to be conclusive, its conclusion backs up whole egg benefits that nutritionists have been praising for years. From their point of view egg whites are high-protein, low-calorie, but the yolk contains nearly all of an egg’s vitamins. And one study found that adults who eat whole eggs in the morning lose more weight and body fat than those who get the same number of calories from a bread-based breakfast. While no large studies have looked into the weight-loss benefits of whole eggs vs egg whites, there’s also no evidence that the 140 calories in two whole large eggs should scare you away. Crack on, egg lovers.
12. What’s implied in Paragraph 1
A. The whites can help people have a good shape.
B. The yolk’s function is different from the whites.
C. People tend to consider the yolk to be unhealthy.
D. The yolk has much to do with blood cholesterol levels.
13. Why were the eggs developed with chemical markers
A. To help process the proteins better.
B. To make them healthier for people.
C. To track the amino acids during digestion.
D. To help the body consume amino acids.
14. The findings of the recent study mainly show that_________.
A. amino acids are easy to get in eggs
B. eating the whole egg helps build muscles
C. the yolk of the egg is better than the white
D. eggs can produce more proteins than any other kinds of food_________.
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Egg Whites VS Whole Eggs
B. Egg White Omelets or Just the Yolk
C. The Correct Way to Build Muscles
D. Unknown Facts about Egg White Omelets
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文时一篇说明文。研究发现，吃全蛋比只吃蛋白更有利于肌肉的修复和增长。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you're bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷).(在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会看到一个蛋清煎蛋卷)”可知，人们认为只吃蛋白是健康的。由此推知，人们往往认为蛋黄不健康。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Both egg choices contained 18 grams of protein, and the eggs were developed with chemical markers. Thanks to them, the researchers tracked how the men’s bodies used amino acids (氨基酸) from the eggs and egg whites, and found some surprising results. (两种鸡蛋都含有18克蛋白质，这些鸡蛋都带有化学标记。多亏了他们，研究人员追踪了这些男性的身体是如何利用鸡蛋和蛋白中的氨基酸的，并发现了一些令人惊讶的结果)”可推知，用化学标记物培育鸡蛋是为了追踪消化时产生的氨基酸。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When the researchers looked specifically at how much protein synthesis — the process that helps muscles repair and grow — occurred, one form of egg clearly did better than the other. “Having whole eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater protein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study author Nicholas Burd in a statement. (当研究人员专门观察蛋白质合成的多少时——这个过程有助于肌肉的修复和生长——发现一种形式的鸡蛋明显比另一种更好。“运动后立即吃全蛋比只吃蛋清能产生更多的蛋白质合成，”该研究的主要作者尼古拉斯·伯德在一份声明中说)”可知，最近的研究结果主要表明，吃全蛋有助于增强肌肉。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“On the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, you’re bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷). With no fat and just a quarter of the calories in a whole egg, the whites look like the best choice at first glance. Not so fast, though new research shows a good reason why you might want to keep the yolk (蛋黄) in if you want to get fit. (在任何早餐菜单的“健康”部分，你一定会发现蛋清煎蛋卷。鸡蛋蛋白不含脂肪，热量只有整个鸡蛋的四分之一，乍一看是最好的选择。虽然最新研究表明，如果你想保持健康，你可能会想保留蛋黄，但速度不会太快)”及下文论述可知，文章主要讲的是一个有关吃蛋白和吃全蛋哪个更好的研究。故选A项。
E
The specific cultural values of a country may determine whether concern about environmental issues actually leads individuals to engage in environmentally friendly behaviors, according to research published in Psychological Science.
Kimin Eom a psychological scientist of the University of California, Santa Barbara, was inspired to investigate the links between culture, environmental concern, and environmental action after noticing that both public discussion and academic research on environmental behavior typically focus on people from Western countries. It is worth noticing because Western countries tend to have cultural values that prioritize individuals’ own attitudes and beliefs and encourage expression of them.
“The theory seemed to be that once individuals are led to believe in the urgency of environmental issues and have stronger concerns about sustainability (持续性), they will change and act to address the issues,” explains Eom. But this relationship might not hold for individuals living in more collectivistic (集体主义的) societies, which place more emphasis on social harmony and uniformity than on self-expression, Eom and his team assumed.
To examine what drives environmental action in individualistic and collectivistic cultures, the researchers conducted a study with participants from the United States (an individualistic culture) and Japan (a collectivistic culture). They found environmental concern was closely connected with environmental behavior — in this case, choosing environmentally friendly products — but only among American participants. On the other hand, believing that a large percentage of people engage in environmentally friendly behaviors was associated with making eco-friendly choices among Japanese participants, but not American participants.
The findings suggest that personal concerns are more likely to motivate people to take environmental action if they live in individualistic countries, while social norms (准则) are more likely to drive people to engage in environmentally friendly behavior if they live in collectivistic countries.
“Getting citizens actively engaged is critical to addressing urgent social challenges, such as climate change,” says Eom. “Our research suggests that scientists, policymakers, and activists need to understand how culture shapes the psychological factors of action to develop policies, campaigns, and interventions (干预) that address important social issues.”
16. What does Eom find about previous research on environmental behavior
A. Its study participants are too limited.
B. Its results need a while to be achieved.
C. It prioritizes individuals’ attitudes and beliefs.
D. It draws much evidence from public discussion.
17. Under which condition will a Japanese man most likely take environmental action
A. If he sees many others do so.
B. If he is affected by collectivistic values.
C. If he moves to an individualistic country.
D. If he worries about the environment personally.
18. What does Eom say about their research in the last paragraph
A. It fails to take participants’ psychological factors into account.
B. It encourages scientists and policymakers to make joint efforts.
C. It has a further study direction towards urgent social challenges.
D. It provides insights into promoting public engagement in social issues.
19. What is the best title for the text
A. Social Norms Play a Part in Addressing Pollution
B. Environmental Issues Originate from National Cultures
C. Motivating Eco-Friendly Behaviors Depends on Cultural Values
D. More Environmental Concerns Usually Mean More Green Action
【答案】16. A 17. A 18. D 19. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表示，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否会促使个人做出环保行为。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Kimin Eom, a psychological scientist of the University of California, Santa Barbara, was inspired to investigate the links between culture, environmental concern, and environmental action after noticing that both public discussion and academic research on environmental behavior typically focus on people from Western countries.(加州大学圣芭芭拉分校的心理科学家Kimin Eom注意到，关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，因此受到启发，开始调查文化、环境关注和环境行动之间的联系。)”可知，Kimin Eom注意到之前关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，由此可推测出，这些研究的对象具有局限性。故选A。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On the other hand, believing that a large percentage of people engage in environmentally friendly behaviors was associated with making eco-friendly choices among Japanese participants, but not American participants.(另一方面，在日本参与者中，相信很大一部分人进行环保行为与做出环保选择有关，但在美国参与者中则不然。)”可知，在日本参与者当中，当他们相信有很大一部分人做出了环保行为，他们也会做出环保选择。由此可推测出，当一个日本人看到许多其他人采取环保行动，那么他也会这么做。故选A。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our research suggests that scientists, policymakers, and activists need to understand how culture shapes the psychological factors of action to develop policies, campaigns, and interventions(干预) that address important social issues.(我们的研究表明，科学家、政策制定者和活动家需要了解文化如何塑造行动的心理因素，以制定解决重要社会问题的政策、运动和干预措施。)”可推测出，该研究为促进公众参与解决社会问题提供了见解。故选D。
【19题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段“The specific cultural values of a country may determine whether concern about environmental issues actually leads individuals to engage in environmentally friendly behaviors, according to research published in Psychological Science.(根据发表在《心理科学》上的研究，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定对环境问题的关注是否真的会导致个人进行环保行为。)”引出主题，即一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否真的会促使个人做出环保行动，所以C项“激励生态友好行为取决于文化价值观”最适合作本文标题。故选C。
二、七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The next time you’re at an airport or hotel, you might notice a traveling group that consists of young kids, parents, and grandparents vacationing together. ___20___But more and more families tend to bring multiple generations with them.
___21___In larger groups, for example, child-care responsibilities can be shared across family members, allowing parents to take a break. But the real value of these trips might be how they give relatives an opportunity to freshen their perception of the people they’ve known for perhaps their entire life. Travel can take us out of our familiar contexts and offer people a chance to see one another differently.
The shift toward multi-generational travel has a few explanations. For one, grandparents today stay healthy later in life, allowing them more energy for travel. ___22___Plus, the average U.S. household has become more multi-generational. Americans are not just traveling with grandparents in order to spend time with them, they are traveling with them because they are more likely to live with them in the first place. ___23___Americans are taking fewer vacation days than they did in the 1970s. They might want to make the most of that time by including as many people as possible.
Whatever the reason for its popularity, a multi-generational trip can be a rare time when younger and older generations can glimpse the complex people they have each become. Away from the family home, older generations get to see their adult children as responsible parents. Kids get to see their grandparents encounter a new environment. ___24___
A. Another explanation is time pressure.
B. The benefits of multi-generational trips are numerous.
C. Decades ago, only wealthy families vacationed together.
D. A scene like this would have been rare a few decades ago.
E. Multi generational family travel tops the list of travel trends.
F. Everyone gets to break out of their family roles and figure out how to be together.
G. Also, big-group accommodation has become more affordable through online platforms.
【答案】20. D 21. B 22. G 23. A 24. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了多代同游现象。
【20题详解】
后一句“But more and more, families tend to bring multiple generations with them.(但越来越多的家庭倾向于多代同游。)”说越来越多的家庭倾向于多代同游，前后之间是转折关系，空处应说在过去多代同游是少见的，D项“几十年前，这样的场景是罕见的。”符合题意。故选D。
【21题详解】
根据后文“In larger groups, for example, child-care responsibilities can be shared across family members, allowing parents to take a break. But the real value of these trips might be how they give relatives an opportunity to freshen their perception of the people they’ve known for perhaps their entire life. Travel can take us out of our familiar contexts and offer people a chance to see one another differently.(例如，在较大的群体中，照顾孩子的责任可以由家庭成员分担，让父母休息一下。但这些旅行的真正价值可能是它们如何给亲属一个机会，让他们重新认识他们可能一辈子都熟悉的人。旅行可以让我们走出熟悉的环境，让人们有机会以不同的方式看待彼此。)”可知，本段分析了多代同游的好处，B项“多代同游的好处众多。”符合题意。故选B。
【22题详解】
根据第三段首句“The shift toward multi-generational travel has a few explanations.(向多代同游的转变有几个解释。)”可知，本段解释了多代同游流行的原因。空前一句“For one, grandparents today stay healthy later in life, allowing them more energy for travel.(一个解释是，今天的祖父母在晚年的生活中保持健康，让他们有更多的精力旅行。)”是第一个原因，选项G“此外，通过在线平台，大团体住宿变得更加实惠。”里的“Also”说明是第二个原因，后文“Plus”说明是第三个原因，故选G。
【23题详解】
结合第3题分析可知，前面的“For one”“Also”“Plus”分别对应解释了三个原因，A选项“另一种解释是时间压力。”中的“Another explanation”说明是第四个原因，且跟后文“Americans are taking fewer vacation days than they did in the 1970s.(与20世纪70年代相比，美国人的假期减少了。)”相照应，说明时间有限也是原因之一，故选A。
【24题详解】
根据前文中的“Away from the family home, older generations get to see their adult children as responsible parents. Kids get to see their grandparents encounter a new environment.(在远离家庭的地方，老一辈的人将成年子女视为负责任的父母。孩子们可以看到他们的祖父母遇到一个新的环境。)”可知，每个人都能从远离家庭的环境中感受到新的东西，由此可知，多代同游可以让每个人都摆脱家庭角色，F选项“每个人都可以摆脱家庭角色，想办法在一起。”符合题意。故选F。
三、完形填空(两篇共30小题;每小题1分，满分30分)
(一)
I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper ___25___ me. “The viewing platform has been closed due to ___26___ that too many visitors could cause geological damage.”
Despite our disappointment, we ___27___ an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest”. Initially, we were ___28___ to run the risk. However, I had ___29___ the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.” Three of our group ___30___ decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing ___31___ : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”
The next morning, we set off with a local ___32___ . Rain came and went three times, and before I actually ___33___ to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin. I was a walking ___34___ of mud and water.
Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly in the ___35___ . Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physical ___36___ . “One can never reach those places without strong willpower,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-old ___37___ , over and over again.
Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our ___38___ . Thinking of them leading to an unknown world, I began to ___39___ the road that I can control even more.
Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.
25. A. answered B. told C. followed D. favored
26. A. news B. matters C. concerns D. conclusions
27. A. worked out B. took in C. set down D. ruled out
28. A. unwilling B. surprised C. calm D. inspired
29. A. forgotten B. promoted C. interpreted D. noticed
30. A. shortly B. lately C. eventually D. suddenly
31. A. taste B. tone C. smile D. sigh
32. A. botanist B. keeper C. farmer D. guide
33. A. managed B. decided C. planned D. agreed
34. A. visitor B. mixture C. log D. stranger
35 A. eagerness B. mood C. humor D. pity
36. A. contact B. energy C. activity D. challenge
37. A. prediction B. line C. deal D. secret
38. A. route B. landmark C. platform D. rock
39. A. guarantee B. ignore C. doubt D. appreciate
【答案】25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同伴在“漏斗森林”探险的经历。在探险的路上，作者多次遇到下雨的糟糕天气，体力不支，心情低落。但当想到不断冒出的水坑和地下河流的入口在通往一个未知的世界时，他开始更加欣赏沿途令人叹为观止的风景 。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你不能去那儿，”旅店老板告诉我。A. answered回答；B. told告诉；C. followed跟随；D. favored喜爱。根据前文的“I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper”可知，作者让客栈老板看旅游地茂兰喀斯特岩溶锥的精美照片，客栈老板在告知作者不能去那儿。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“由于担心游客过多会造成地质破坏，观景台已经关闭。”A. news新闻；B. matters事项；C. concerns担心；D. conclusions结论。根据空后的“that too many visitors could cause geological damage”可知，太多的游客可能造成地质破坏，此空应表示“担忧”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我们很失望，但我们还是想出了另一个办法：在“漏斗森林”中徒步7个小时。A. worked out算出；B. took in理解；C. set down放下；D. ruled out排除。根据前文的“Despite our disappointment”和后文“ an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest””可知，作者尽管失望，但是事情有所转机，此处应该是想出了可替代的旅游方案：穿越“漏斗森林”的七小时徒步旅行。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我们不愿意冒这个险。A. unwilling不情愿；B. surprised吃惊的；C. calm冷静的；D. inspired受到启发的。根据下文“to run the risk”和“However, I had 5 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.””可知，作者的旅游团队最终决定去森林探险，由“However”一词可知，本空所在句子应为:“我们本不愿意去冒险”。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我注意到自然保护区的旅游格言:“如果你现在不做，你这辈子就不会做了。”A. forgotten忘记；B. promoted促进；C. interpreted说明；D. noticed注意到。根据前文的“the tourism motto in the nature reserve”可知，“我”注意到自然保护区的旅游格言。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们三人最终决定冒险进入森林。A. shortly很快；B. lately最近；C. eventually最终；D. suddenly突然。根据上文“Initially, we were 4 to run the risk. However, I had 5 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.””可知，一开始作者的旅游团队对探秘“漏斗森林”存在为难情绪，此空应指在“旅游箴言”的激励下，作者团队中的三个人终于做出了选择。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：客栈老板会心一笑:“太好了。贝尔·格里尔斯去了那里。”A. taste品尝；B. tone音调；C. smile微笑；D. sigh叹气。根据下文“Great. Bear Grylls went there.”可知，客栈老板赞同作者团队的选择，所以此处应指客栈老板会意一笑。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我们和一位当地导游出发了。A. botanist植物学家；B. keeper守门员；C. farmer农民；D. guide指导。根据下文“Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist”可知，本空指作者团队在当地向导的带领下出发了。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨下了三次，在我真正爬过第一座山之前，我已经浑身湿透了。A. managed管理；B. decided决定；C. planned计划；D. agreed同意。根据前文的“The next morning, we set off with a local 8”和下文“to climb over the first mountain”可知，上文提到作者已经出发旅行，所以此处指作者在成功爬过第一座山前就已经浑身湿透。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是泥和水的混合体。A. visitor访客；B. mixture混合物；C. log日志；D. stranger陌生人。根据前文的“Rain came and went three times, and before I actually 9 to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin.”可知，作者在森林探险中遇上糟糕的天气，还没爬过一座山时就已经浑身湿透，再根据空后“mud and water”可知，作者浑身都是泥和水，成了水和泥的混合体。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的导游50多岁，表现得像个植物学家，向我们介绍当地特有的植物，但我并没有兴致。A. eagerness急切；B. mood情绪；C. humor幽默；D. pity同情。根据前文“I was a walking 10 of mud and water.”和“Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly”可知，导游兴致勃勃，但作者因为坏天气带来的不便而感到心情低落。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们面前的每一块木头或岩石都是对身体的挑战。A. contact联系；B. energy能量；C. activity活动；D. challenge挑战。 根据空前“Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physica”可知，作者每走一步都陷在泥泞的地面中，由此可看出要跨越木头或岩石更是一种体力挑战。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喃喃地说，一遍又一遍地背诵着这句上千年的老话。A. prediction预测；B. line话，言语；C. deal交易；D. secret秘密。根据空前“One can never reach those places without strong willpower”可知，作者一遍又一遍用千年古语来鼓励自己继续探秘。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：天坑和地下河流的入口不断在我们的路线上出现。A. route路线；B. landmark地标；C. platform平台；D. rock岩石。根据前文的“The next morning, we set off with a local 8 ”可知，作者在向导的引领下探秘“漏斗森林”，因此他们会沿着一定的路线前行，因此本空所在句子应指沿着他们的路线看到的景象。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到它们通向一个未知的世界，我开始更加珍惜这条我可以掌控的路。A. guarantee担保；B. ignore忽略；C. doubt怀疑；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文“Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.”可知，在一片混乱的绿色中漫步，没有任何明显的地标也是令人惊叹的，这是作者开始欣赏沿途的美景的感受。故选D项。
(二)
I’ll always remember a lesson that I learned as a boy growing up in New York City. One day, when I was perhaps six years old, I was walking with my father on a ____40____ street. All of a sudden, the flow of pedestrian traffic came to a stop as people tried to ____41____ a large object on the sidewalk. To my astonishment, the object ____42____ to be a human being, a man lying unconscious against a building. As we walked by, my father—the model of a loving, ____43____ gentleman—pointed to a bottle in a paper bag and told me that the poor soul on the sidewalk just needed to sleep it off. Then the drunken man began to murmur senselessly. My father ____44____ me not to go near, saying “you never know how he’ll react.”
Yet many years later I had a very different experience while visiting a market in Rangoon. I had spent the previous 12 months traveling in ____45____ Asian cities, but even by those standards this was a scene of misery (穷困). ____46____ desperate poverty and strong winds blowing dust ____47____, the locals had to live in the extremely hot climate with ridiculously huge crowds. ____48____ a man carrying a huge bag of peanuts called out in pain and ____49____ to the ground. I then witnessed an astonishing scene. Half a dozen ____50____ ran from their stands to help, leaving unattended what might have been the totality of their possessions. One put a blanket under the man’s head; another opened his shirt; the third one ____51____ him carefully about the pain; the fourth one ____52____ water; the fifth one kept onlookers from crowding around too closely; the sixth one ran for help. Within minutes a doctor arrived and two other locals joined in to assist. The ____53____ could have passed for a final exam at a