(共28张PPT)
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
人教版七年级下 册
Section A (GF-3c)
Learning objectives
To learn the new words and phrases:
rule,arrive,hallway,dining,fight,sorry,outside,wear,important,listen to,(be) on time,have to
To learn to talk about school rules.
To learn to use “can” for permission.
To learn to use “must” and “have to” to talk about rules.
Warming up
Let’s enjoy a song!
祈使句一般以动词原形开头,表示请求、命令、建议、劝告、警告等。
祈使句
e.g. Spell it, please.
Stand up.
Let's play basketball.
(请求)
(命令)
(建议)
祈使句的用法
主语是you常省去，动词原形开头记。
否定形式要注意，句首要把don’t加。
要讲客气用please， 句首、句末没关系。
一、祈使句的肯定式。
1. “Do 型”: 以动词原形开头。
e.g. Come here. 到这儿来。 Stand up. 起立
2. “Be 型” : 以be动词开头。
e.g. Be quiet, please. 请安静 Be careful. 请小心。
3.“Let 型”: 以Let开头。
e.g. Let’s go! 咱们走吧!
4.“No + 动词-ing型”以No开头。
e.g.禁止停车！No Parking. 禁止吸烟！No Smoking.
二、祈使句的否定式。
1. Do型和Be型，都是在句首加don’t。
e.g. Don’t sit here. 不要坐在这儿。Don’t be late. 别迟到。
2. 以let开头的祈使句。直接在句首加don’t。
e.g. Don’t let him go. =Let him not go. 不要让他走。
Don't let me clean the room. =Let me not clean the room.
不要让我打扫房间。
3. No+名词/动名词(v.ing) 表示禁止或规劝，常用于公共场所。
e.g. No photos! 禁止拍照 No smoking！ 禁止吸烟！
No talking! 禁止说话！
1. 不要在走廊里跑。
Don't in the .
2. 不要打架。
_______________
3. 有什么规则？
__________________________
4. 我们必须按时上课。
We must for class.
5. 我们可以在教室里吃东西吗？
Can we
run hallways.
Don’t fight.
What are the rules
be on time
eat in the classroom
6. 不，我们不能。但我们可以在餐厅里吃。
, .
But we can .
7. 我们可以在上课的时候戴帽子吗？
是的，可以。/不，不可以。
Can we in class
Yes, ./ No, .
8. 他在学校里必须穿校服吗？
he wear a uniform at school
eat in the dining hall
wear a hat
we can't.
No we can’t
we can
Does have to
9. 是的，他必须。/ 不，他不必。
Yes, ./No, .
10. 你们必须做什么？
do you do
11. 在图书馆里我们必须保持安静。
We have to in the library.
What have to
he does
he doesn’t
be quiet
Grammar Focus
情态动词must与have to
1.情态动词must的用法
(1)表示做某一个动作的必要和义务，意思是“必须、应该”。
You must do your homework.你必须做你的作业。
(2)表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，它的意思是“一定、准是”。
The tall man must be your father.那个高个子男人一定是你的爸爸。
(3)以must开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用needn’t (不必要),不用 mustn’t(不允许) ,mustn’t 常用于否定句中，表示“不允许，禁止”。
You mustn’t park your car here. 你的车不允许停在这儿。
2.情态动词have to的用法
have to表示客观需要做的事情，意思是“必须，不得不”。
(1)have to后接动词原形，意为“必须做……；不得不做……”。
I have to leave. 我不得不离开了。
(2)have to有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为has to。
She has to do her homework.她不得不做作业。
(3)含有have to, has to的句子变疑问句或否定句需分别借助助动词do, does 。
Do they have to get up early 他们必须早起吗？
1) 结构：主语＋have to＋动词原形＋其他
(一般现在时, 主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；)
We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。
She has to do her homework. 她不得不做作业。
I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。
2.情态动词have to的用法
have to表示客观需要做的事情，意思是“必须，不得不”。
后接动词原形，有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为has to。句子是过去时，用had to。
2) 否定形式： 主语＋don’t have to＋动词原形＋其他
(一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesn’t have to；
句子是过去时，用didn’t have to)
Nick doesn’t have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿校服。
We didn’t have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。
3) 疑问句：Do (Does 或 Did)＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他
—Do you have to stay at home on weekends 周末你必须待在家里吗？
—Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 是的，我必须。/ 不，我不必。
Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night
昨晚，他不得不11点上床睡觉吗？
Don’t talk.
Don’t eat.
Don’t listen to music.
Don’t take photos.
Library Rules
1.__________________
2.__________________
3.__________________
4.__________________
Write the rules for the school library.
3a
Do you know the meanings of these signs
No fishing/Don’t fish
No swimminging/Don’t swim
No littering/Don’t litter
No touching/Don’t touch
Use the words to make questions about the rules. Then write answers according to your school.
1. Be quiet (she/have to /in the library)
Q: Does she have to be quiet in the library
A: Yes, she does.
2. Eat (he/have to/in the dining hall)
Q: _________________________________________
A: _________________________________________
Does he have to eat in the dining hall
Yes, he does.
3b
3. Listen to music (we/can/in the hallways)
Q: _________________________________________
A: _________________________________________
4. Wear a hat (we/can/in the classroom)
Q: _________________________________________
A: _________________________________________
Can we listen to music in the hallways
No, we can’t.
Can we wear a hat in the classroom
No, we can’t.
Make up five cool rules for your dream school. Share your rules with the class. Your classmates vote for the Coolest School!
1. We can eat in class.
2. We don’t have to come to school every day.
3. …
3c
At my dream school, we don’t have to come to school every day. We can eat in class. We don’t have to wear school uniforms. We can listen to music in class. We don’t have to do homework.
Make our school rules
Dear students:
In order that we can have a good environment (环境) , we should have some rules in our school. Here are some suggestions. We hope that all of us can have a look at them.
1. Don’t sleep in class.
2. Clean the classroom every day.
3. __________________________
4. __________________________
5. __________________________
Yours ____
1. ______ with fire. It’s very dangerous.
A. Playing B. Play C. Don’t play D. Doesn’t play
2.The children _____ play football on the road.
A. can B. must C. mustn’t D. may
3.My sister _____ be at school by seven o’clock.
A. has to B. have to C. had to D. must to
4. It’s raining all day, so my brother ______ stay at home.
A. must B. have to C. must to D. has to
单项选择。
Exercises
C
C
A
D
1. Don’t ________(listen) to music in the library.
2. Do we have to ________(clean) the room every day
3. You can’t ________(wear) sunglasses in the classroom.
4. Please ________(arrive) at school on time (准时).
5. John is often late for _______ (class).
class
listen
clean
wear
arrive
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. You can come in.
______ ____, please.
2. I can help you.
_____ me ______ you.
3. You can’t eat in class.
_______ _____ in class.
4. You can’t be late for school.
______ ____ late for school.
5. You can’t take photos here.
_____ photos here.
Come in
Let help
Don’t eat
Don’t be
No
将下面的句子改为祈使句，每空一词。
1. -- Can the students eat in the classroom (作否定回答)
-- No, ___________.
2. Bill has to play sports every morning. (改为一般疑问句)
_____ Bill _____ ___ play sports every morning
3.Play volleyball after class. (改为否定句)
4. Don’t arrive late for class. (改为同义句)
they can’t
Does have to
按要求完成句子，每空一词。
Don’t play volleyball after class.
We must be on time for class.
Homework
1.Write the new words and expressions in this period.
2. Write some sentences about the rules at home.
谢谢
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