新课标人教版高中英语必修3《Unit 2 Healthy eating》同步练习.doc

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人教版英语高一必修3 Unit2 Healthy eating同步练习
Ⅰ．单项选择
1. What is the way George thought of __________enough money to buy the house
A.to get B.getting C.having got D.being got
答案：A
知识点：固定短语；单独使用to的不定式
解析：George thought of为插入语，作the way的定语。the way to do sth.为固定短语，故此处应使用get的不定式结构。故答案选A。
点评：本题解题的关键是判断出George thought of在句子中的成分以及the way to do sth.这个固定短语。
2. It was __________ that they all went swimming in the river.
A.such a hot weather B.such hot weather
C.so hot weather D.so hot a weather
答案：B
知识点：固定搭配
解析：weather是不可数名词，故排除A、D项；so只有在与much或little连用时，其后才能接不可数名词，故排除C，故答案为B。
点评：本题的解题关键在于判断weather是不可数名词。
3. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only __________ one's strength, but also develop one's character.
A.bring up B.take up
C.build up D.pull up
答案：C　
知识点：动词短语的辨析
解析：bring up意为“抚养，养育”，take up意为“占据”；build up意为“建造，增进”；pull up意为“停车”。此处指练习中国功夫可以强身健体，故答案选C。
点评：根据句子意思来解题，注意区分动词短语的意思。
4. Fried foods are said to be junk foods but _________, many people, especially young children enjoy eating them a lot.
A.strange enough B.strangely enough C.enough strangely D.enough strange
答案：B　
知识点：副词的位置
解析：enough和副词、形容词连用时，置于副词后。此处使用副词strangely修饰后面的“many people, especially young children enjoy eating them a lot”这个句子，故答案选B。
点评：首先判断此处需要使用副词修饰句子，然后根据副词与enough的位置来解题。
5. __________ that your wife and children are complaining about you. You really have spent too much time on your work. You should __________ your time well between your work and your family.
A.No wonder； balance
B.No doubt； keep
C.No problem； make
D.No way； fix
答案：A　
知识点：动词的辨析；固定搭配
解析：根据“你的确在你的工作上花费太多时间了”可知，“你的妻子和孩子总是抱怨你”是“难怪的”。no wonder意为“难怪”，no doubt意为“无疑”，no problem意为“没问题”，no way意为“没门”。在工作上花费的时间和在家庭中的时间之间应该是要“平衡”的。balance意为“平衡”，keep意为“保持”，make意为“做”，fix意为“修理”。故答案选A。
点评：解题关键在于仔细分析句意，搞清楚句意之后根据常识即可解题。
6.The Chinese __________ is said to be a healthier one than __________, which contains too much fat.
A.food； the west B.diet； that of the west
C.food； that of the west D.diet； the western
答案：B　
知识点：名词的辨析及其在语境中的正确选择；指示代词
解析：food为不可数名词，diet为可数名词，根据第一个空后面的a healthier one 可知第一个空应该是填diet，故排除A和C。根据句意：中国的饮食据说比西方的饮食更健康。故第二个空填that of the west（that代指diet）故答案选B。
点评：根据句子意思来判断所需要填的词性，切记要判断句子成分。
7. Once the balance of nature __________, natural disasters are likely to strike in ways beyond imagination.
A.is ignored B.is broken C.is destroyed D.is ruined
答案：B
知识点：动词的词义辨析
解析：ignore意为“忽略”，break意为“破碎，打破”，destroy意为“摧毁”，ruin意为“毁灭”。句意：一旦自然界的平衡遭到破坏，超出人们想象的严重灾害就可能发生。故选break，故答案选B。
点评：根据句意以及词组的固定搭配来解题。
8. He lost his __________and fell off his bicycle.
A.balance B.strength C.power D.way
答案：A
知识点：名词的辨析及其在语境中的正确选择
解析：balance意为“平衡”， lose one’s balance意为“失去平衡”。strength意为“力量”，power意为“力气，能量”，way意为“道路，方法”。句意：他失去了平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。故答案选A。
点评：首先分析四个选项的意思，然后根据语境来选择正确的选项。
9. She __________down her book and __________in bed.
A.lay； laid B.laid； lay
C.lay； lay D.laid； laid
答案：B
知识点：动词的词义辨析；过去式和过去分词
解析：lay意为“放置”，其过去式是laid，lie意为“撒谎，躺”，其过去式是lay。句意：她放下书，然后躺在床上。故答案选B。
点评：lie和lay的意思一定要区分清楚，然后要熟记其过去式和过去分词形式，避免混淆记忆。
10. “We can't go out in this weather,” said Bob,__________ out of the window.
A.looking B.to look
C.looked D.having looked
答案：A
知识点：现在分词；过去式和过去分词；单独使用to的不定式
解析：鲍勃边说边看向窗外，故look这个动作与said是伴随发生的。looking在此做伴随状语。故答案选A。
点评：根据句意可判断此处考查非谓语动词，looking在句中表伴随。
Ⅱ.单词拼写
11.Have you __________ (咨询) your lawyer about this
12.Have you __________ (消化)everything that is important in the book
13.His ability to improve his work is very ___________ (有限的).
14.The dictionary is of great __________ (好处，利益)to me.
15.He was growing a variety of __________ (胡萝卜) in the garden when I visited him.
16.Last year, the two countries __________ (结合；联合) against their common enemy.
答案：11.consulted12.digested13.limited14.benefit15.bined
知识点：动词；名词；单词拼写；汉译英
解析：11.consult，动词，意为“咨询”。句首是Have，由此可判断句子时态为现在完成时，故consult要使用其过去分词形式。
12.digest，动词，意为“消化”。句首是Have，由此可判断句子时态为现在完成时，故digest要使用其过去分词形式。
13. limited，形容词，意为“有限的”。句意：他提高工作的能力是有限的。
14. benefit，名词，意为“好处，利益”。此处是be+of+adj.+n.结构。句意：这本词典对我有很大的益处。
15.carrot，名词，意为“胡萝卜”。a variety of后跟可数名词的复数形式，故carrot要使用其复数形式。
bine，动词，意为“结合，联合”。根据句子中的时间状语last year可判断句子时态为一般过去时，故combine要用其过去式。
点评：考查单词的拼写。选择合适的单词时要注意和句子中词语的搭配以及语境和句意、时态等。
Ⅲ.根据提示翻译句子
17. ［原句］ He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
［模仿要点］ 句子结构： A, B and C＋分词作定语
［仿写］非常感谢你提醒我拿那些被锁在这个黑色手提箱里面的书本，衣服和玩具。
________________________________________________________________
18. ［原句］Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
［模仿要点］ 句子结构： something must be done if...as...
［仿写］ 如果我们想像我们计划的那样防止水污染，政府必须采取一些措施。
________________________________________________________________
19. ［原句］ Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.
［模仿要点］ 形容词作定语，相当于一个定语从句——which is full of...
［仿写］当他醒来的时候，他发现自己在一个被无边无际的大海环绕的小岛上。
________________________________________________________________
20. ［原句］Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.
［模仿要点］ 句子结构: such a... that从句
［仿写］全球变暖是如此大的威胁以至于我们所有人都应该竭尽所能去拯救地球。
________________________________________________________________
答案：17.Thank you very much for reminding me of carrying the books, clothes and toys locked in this black suitcase.
18.If we want to prevent the water pollution as we have planned, some actions must be taken by the government.
19.When he woke up, he found himself in a small island surrounded by a boundless sea.
20.Global warming is such a big threat that all of us should do what we can to save the earth.
知识点：固定句式
解析：17. “A, B and C＋分词作定语”适用于翻译“被锁在这个黑色手提箱里面的书本，衣服和玩具”。“书本，衣服和玩具”使用and来连接，“被锁在这个黑色手提箱里面的”作这三个词语的定语，因为是被锁，故使用过去分词作定语。
18. 翻译“政府必须采取一些措施”时使用“something must be done”，此处的something即“some actions”，done即taken；翻译“如果我们”时使用if引导的条件状语从句，翻译“像我们计划的那样”时使用as引导方式状语从句。
19.翻译“一个被无边无际的大海环绕的小岛上”时使用定语从句结构，即“被无边无际的大海环绕”作“小岛”的定语。
20. 翻译“如此大的威胁以至于”时使用“such a... that从句”结构。
点评：考查句子的翻译，根据给出的固定句式来翻译句子，考查对课文中句子的运用能力。
Ⅳ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People often say that you can not change the environment, but can change yourself; you can not change the past, but now can be changed; you can not change the facts, but can change attitudes.
Indeed, one key to the success lies in his 1 . The difference between successful people and the losers are: 2 attribute setbacks and difficulties to personal ability, experience, imperfect, to 3 the internal(内在的), they are willing to continuously improve and develop the right direction; while the losers will blame on the opportunity, and the environment injustice, emphasizing external（外在的） and 4 factors that created the position of their life, they always 5 , wait and give up!?
Person's appearance or his family is a priori (先验的)condition that can not be changed, but at least the inner state, the spirit of the will is 6 in their control. Mentality determines the final height of life. There is no absolute bad thing, only the absolute 7 mentality. If a person even cannot 8 the state of mind, how can he deal with things more complicated than the mentality ?
No matter what the situation is, a person's 9 is very important. That you put 10 or numbness in your work makes completely different. Emerson said:When one keeps moving toward his goal,the whole world will stand away from his way.On the contrary, failure is not because we do not have the 11 , but because we are susceptible(易受影响的) to all around us with an unstable attitude, and are easily 12 . ?
As long as we believe the power of mind, change our attitude and have the 13 to face the disappointments in life, do not despair, we can 14 succeed. Believe the power of mind because 15 determines the final height of life.
1.A.effort B.mind C.support D.pain
2.A.failures B.elders C.winners D.experts
3.A.consider B.accept C.value D.emphasize
4.A.unchangeable B.uncontrollable C.unavoidable D.unimportant
5.A.complain B.abandon C.refuse D.fail
6.A.entirely B.basically C.mainly D.gradually
7.A.optimistic B.stable C.poor D.good
8.A.defeat B.control C.transform D.adjust
9.A.mood B.attitude C.ability D.experience
10.A.money B.time C.effort D.passion
11.A.chance B.mind C.intelligence D.ability
12.A.frustrated B.hurt C.affected D.encouraged
13.A.belief B.thought C.courage D.spirit
14.A.finally B.completely C.quickly D.obviously
15.A.success B.mentality C.effort D.perseverance
答案：1.B2.C3.D4.B5.A6.A7.C8.D9.B10.D11.D12.A13.C14.A15.B
知识点： 议论文；单项选择型；人生百味类
解析：1.考查名词。逻辑推断和词语重现。整篇文章都是在讲心态的重要性,而且文里多次提到attitude, mind 之类的词。
2.考查名词。近义词复现。根据上文“successful people and the losers” 可知。
3.考查动词。原词复现。从后文 “emphasizing external”可知,成功者强调内部原因。失败者强调外在条件。
4.考查形容词。逻辑推断。uncontrollable“不可控制的”。失败者总是把自己的失败归于那些不可控制的因素。
5.考查动词。逻辑推断。失败者强调外在的、不可控制的因素造就了他们的人生位置,他们总是抱怨、等待与放弃!
6.考查副词。逻辑推断。内心状态、精神意志完全是自己控制的。
7.C考查形容词。逻辑推断。世上没有绝对不好的事情,只有心态绝对不好的人。
8.考查动词。逻辑推断。如果连心态都不会调整,他又怎么处理比心态更为复杂的事情呢!
9. B考查名词。逻辑推断和词语重现。无论做什么事情,一个人的态度非常重要。
10.D考查动词。逻辑推断及反义词复现。充满激情地投入工作,与麻木呆滞地工作,完全不同。
11.考查名词。 逻辑推断。失败不是因为我们不具备实力,而是我们易被环境左右。
12.A考查形容词。逻辑推断。我们易被环境左右,心态不稳定,容易沮丧。
13.考查名词。逻辑推断。调整好心态,勇敢地去面对生活上的一些不如意。
14.考查形容词。逻辑推断。不要气馁,我们最终一定会成功的。
15.考查名词。原词重现。 心态最终决定你所处的高度。
点评：你改变不了环境,但可以改变自己;你改变不了事实,但可以改变态度;你改变不了过去,但可以改变现在。一个人能否成功的关键还在于他(她)的心态。相信心态的力量,心态最终决定你所处的高度。
V.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Some people really don't like to be left alone with their thoughts. For example, some people taking part in a new study preferred to receive an electric shock rather than spend 15 minutes alone in a room with nothing to do. “The human mind wants to engage with the world, even, it appears, if that involves pain,” Timothy Wilson concludes. He is a psychologist who works at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. ?
The brains of mammals evolved or changed slowly over generations to watch for dangers and opportunities.“Only humans evolved the ability to think,” he says.“Still, people can become uncomfortable controlling their own thoughts.” They may not be able to guide those thoughts in a pleasing or comforting direction. And that may help explain the popularity of meditation. It's a process in which people learn to control their thoughts and benefit from quiet contemplation (沉思). ?
For its new study, Wilson's group recruited (招募) 146 college students. The researchers asked each student to sit alone in a room at their lab without any devices, such as cellphones. This solitude lasted for 6 to 15 minutes. ?
Most participants said they not only had trouble concentrating but also found the experience unpleasant. The researchers then asked 44 of these people to sit alone at home, too. Again, the students had the same reaction as they had in the lab. They found the experience very uncomfortable. ?
But here's the shocker — quite literally. The scientists asked 18 men and 24 women to sit quietly and just think about anything. Their quiet, alone time lasted for entire 15 minutes. But in this experiment, the participants could give themselves a painful electric shock if they wished. That shock, though, would not make their participation in the experiment end any earlier. Still, 12 men and 6 women chose to receive a shock, rather than just continue to sit in silence. ?
Psychologist Jonathan Schooler of the University of California, Santa Barbara, did not work on the new study. He says its findings point out how many people find it unpleasant to reflect on issues by themselves. They'd rather suffer pain than bear quiet time alone.
1.The author mentioned mammals in Paragraph 2 to show that __________.
A.keeping control of thoughts is very difficult
B.thinking is a kind of activity limited to humans
C.mammals evolved much more slowly than humans
D.mammals had poor awareness of dangers and opportunities
2.The underlined word “solitude” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by __________.
A.disappointment B.loneliness
C.emotion D.worry
3.According to the new study, it's proved that most people __________.
A.had no trouble concentrating
B.enjoyed the feeling of being busy
C.didn't know how to enjoy their life
D.didn't like being alone and doing nothing
4.How did the scientists like the results of the experiment
A.Disappointed. B.Relieved.
C.Surprised. D.Worried.
5.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Scientists found humans were not afraid of pain.
B.The brains of humans changed slowly over generations.
C.Humans prefer spending time with others to staying alone.
D.People would choose pain rather than bear quiet time alone.
答案：1.B2.B3.D4.C5.D
知识点： 社会现象类；推理判断题；细节理解题；主旨大意题
解析：1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The brains of mammals evolved or changed slowly over generations to watch for dangers and opportunities. ‘Only humans evolved the ability to think,’ he says.”可判断正确答案为B。
2. 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“The researchers asked each student to sit alone in a room at their lab without any devices, such as cellphones.”可知，这里是指这种什么也不能做的独处，即“孤独”。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Most participants said they not only had trouble concentrating but also found the experience unpleasant.”以及“They found the experience very uncomfortable.”可知,这些试验表明，大部分人都不喜欢无所事事地呆着。
4. 细节理解题。根据第五段的“But here's the shocker — quite literally.”可知,这个结果让科学家们很惊讶。
5. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容及文章最后一段最后一句“They'd rather suffer pain than bear quiet time alone.”可知，本文主要是讲研究发现人们宁愿遭受一些痛苦也不愿意一个人独处什么也不做，故选D。?
点评：研究发现，人们宁愿遭受一些痛苦也不愿意一个人坐在那儿无所事事。
VI.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Some veterinary (兽医的) professionals voted on the best dogs for new owners. ?
The Golden Retriever is the No. 1 choice of veterinarians for new dog owners. His sweet, gentle and people-pleasing personality makes him a delightful addition to most families. He loves to play, displays loyalty and love — and, if those are not enough, this guy is a real looker. Those good looks come at a price, though: His gorgeous coat needs regular brushing and bathing. ?
Smart, energetic, sensible and entertaining, the Poodle is another breed that's great for the beginner dog owners. Poodles have a reputation for being a bit aloof with people they don't know, but we just think they're less “needy”. He's available in three sizes, but whatever size you choose, be aware that if you want his curly coat in anything but a basic cut, you're going to spend a lot of time going to the groomer (美容师). ?
The lovable Lab has been a favorite breed in the US for more than 20 years, and it would appear that vets agree with this choice, naming him the No.3 best breed for new dog owners. This friendly breed is a popular choice for service and therapy dogs, and his strength makes him an excellent hunting dog and good athlete. These beauties are best suited to active families. ?
The Cavalier is a popular toy breed. He loves people, whether that involves sitting on laps or going for long walks. The Cavalier is happy, trusting and eas-going, making friends everywhere he goes. Although he can be stubborn, he generally tends to be adaptable enough to sit quietly with an older person, then turn around and play with an active child. ?
The Bichon Frise was bred specifically to be a companion, so there is little surprise that veterinarians consider him as such a great choice for new dog owners. Wonderfully affectionate (深情的) and endlessly entertaining, he has long been a popular circus performer, but he'll be perfectly happy performing his tricks for his family at home.
1.The Golden Retriever is the veterinarians' first choice because __________.
A.it doesn't cost much
B.it doesn't need much care
C.it is sweet and good-looking
D.it is helpful to watch out for their houses
2.The underlined word “aloof” in Paragraph 3 means __________.
A.lovely B.naughty
C.fierce D.cold
3.We can infer that the lovable Lab is___________.
A.unsuitable for people who want a service dog
B.popular in the US mainly because of its gorgeous look
C.often used as a therapy dog because of its quiet personality
D.a good choice for people who enjoy taking a dog on their adventures
4.What can be implied about the Cavalier in the passage
A.It can never sit quietly for a long time.
B.It is suitable for both old people and children.
C.It often appears scary to both dogs and people.
D.It is inappropriate for new dog owners because it's too stubborn.
5.The text is developed by___________.
A.listing some examples B.presenting some proofs
C.showing some phenomena D.giving some suggestions
答案：1.C2.D3.D4.B5.A
知识点：社会现象类；推理判断题；细节理解题；主旨大意题
解析：1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“His sweet, gentle, people-pleasing personality makes him a delightful addition”以及“this guy is a real looker”可知，这种狗会吸引人是因为它们个性乖巧、长得好看。
2. 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“...with people they don't know, but we just think they're less ‘needy’”可推断，这种狗跟陌生人在一起时会显得有些“冷淡”。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“...makes him an excellent hunting dog and good athlete. These beauties are best suited to active families.”可知，这种狗适合喜欢带着狗出去冒险的人。
4. 推理判断题。根据第五段的“he generally tends to be adaptable enough to sit quietly with an older person, then turn around and play with an active child.”可知，这种狗既适合老人也适合小孩。
5. 文章结构题。通读全文可知，作者通过列举五种不同性格特征的狗来展开文章。
点评：一些专业兽医投票选出了最适合刚养狗人士的几种类型的狗。
Ⅶ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many years, volunteers, both young and old, have been helping the poor and elderly people of this area. They work long hours building wheelchair paths, fixing leaky(有漏洞的) roofs and repairing the homes of those ?1 need help. Their only payment is the happy smiles and grateful hearts of the people whom ?2 have helped. ?
I will always remember one man in particular ?3 he has a real enthusiasm for voluntary work. He seemed to have inspired all the people in his group with his ?4 (cheer) spirit. Every day when I asked him ?5 he was doing, he would reply, “I'm doing good!” ?6 the end of the month as he was preparing to leave, I looked at all the homes he ?7 (fix) and had to agree that he was indeed doing ?8 good job!?
A nice house, a successful career, and a lot of money might be nice to have, but 9 (compare) with fixing others' home and helping those who are in need, their ?10 (significant) is not so great.
答案：
1.who2.they3.because/for/since4.cheerful5.how6.At7.hadfixed8.pared10.significance
知识点：形容词；非谓语动词；谓语动词；介词；从属连词
解析：1.考查关系代词。因先行词为those,指人,所以用who引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。
2.考查代词。指代“志愿者们”。
3.考查连词。he has a real enthusiasm for voluntary work是在陈述原因,所以用because/for/since连接。
4.考查词性变化。因作定语修饰名词spirit,所以需填形容词cheerful(令人愉快的)。
5.考查连接副词。口语中,向对方问好,表示为How are you doing 本句中将此问句用于间接引语,变为how sb was doing。注意作者并不是在问他在做什么(what he was doing),所以不填what。
6.考查介词。At the end of the month表示“在这个月末”。
7.考查动词时态。因fix动作发生在主句谓语动作looked at之前,为“过去的过去”,所以用过去完成时。
8.考查冠词。job为可数名词,且在文中第一次出现,故用不定冠词a,do a good job表示“干得好”。
9.考查非谓语动词。compared with为过去分词作状语,表示“与……相比”。
10.考查词性变化。物主代词后接名词,所以需把形容词significant转换为名词significance。
点评：多年来一直都有志愿者到社区做好事。其中一名工作热情的男子给作者留下了深刻的印象。
Ⅷ.书面表达
现在整个世界都在提倡以“绿色”为中心的饮食。请根据以下要点和你的感想完成短文。
1. “绿色食品”的现状；
2. 这种现象产生的原因；
3. 你的看法。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
As more and more people focus on health diet, green food has begun to draw more and more　attention by the public. Why does green food become so popular in China Above all, compared with ordinary food, green food is healthier and safe. Moreover, nowadays, many vegetables are polluted because of the usage of chemicals, while green food is free of pollution. Besides, with the improvement of the living standards, more people can afford a healthier but more expensive lifestyle. So green food, despite its higher price, still becomes people’s favorite food. However, nowadays the market is full of real and fake green food. Therefore, consumers should increase the knowledge of green food.
知识点：提纲作文
解析：本文是一篇议论文，介绍“绿色食品”的现状及其产生原因，应该使用一般现在时来完成写作。首先，介绍“绿色食品”变得越来越流行的现状。其次，分析产生这种现象的原因：（1）“绿色食品”健康且安全；（2）“绿色食品”无污染；（3）人们生活水平的提高使得越来越多的人可以买得起“绿色食品”。最后，发表你对“绿色食品”的看法以及建议。
点评：写作时注意语言表达：整合语句，注意使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，使文章看起来比较有档次；尤其注意连词的使用，以使行文连贯。
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