限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气：
08 选择性必修1重点词汇和短语复习
积累运用
1. 重点单词考查
amusement n. ___________→v. _____________; adj. ___________; ____________
entertain v. ___________→n. _____________
employer n. _____________→v ____________; n. ____________→n.(反义词)_____________
impress v.____________→n. _____________;adj. _____________
cruel adj. ____________→n. ______________
conclude v. ____________→n. _____________
inform v. ____________→n. _____________;adj. ____________;_____________
criticism n. ___________→v. ____________;adj. ______________
enthusiastic adj. _____________→n. _______________
elect v. ____________→n. ____________; adj.______________
appreciate v.____________→n. _____________; adj. ______________
gentle adj. ____________→n. _____________; adv. _____________
embarrass v. ____________→n. _____________; adj. ____________; ____________
sharp adj. ___________→v. _____________; adv. _____________
assign v. ____________→n. ______________
cooperate v. ____________→n. ____________; adj. _____________
compose v. ____________→n. ____________; _____________
innovative adj. ____________→v. _____________; n. ______________
steady adj. ___________→adv. _____________
economy n. ___________→adj. ___________; _____________
apply v. _____________→n. _____________; _____________
qualification n. ____________→v. ____________; adj. _____________
【答案】
amusement n. 娱乐→v. amuse; adj. amusing; amused
entertain n. 使娱乐→n. entertainment
employer n. 雇主→v.employ; n.employment; →n. (反义词)employee
impress v. 使印象深刻→n. impression; adj. impressive
cruel adj. 残忍的→n. cruelty
conclude v. 得出结论，结束→n. conclusion
inform v.通知→n. information; adj. informative; informed
criticism n.批评→v. criticize; adj. critical
enthusiastic adj. 热情的→n. enthusiasm
elect v.选举→n. election; adj. elective
appreciate v.感激，欣赏→n. appreciation; adj. appreciative
gentle adj. 温和的→n. gentleness; adv. gently
embarrass v. 使尴尬→n. embarrassment; adj. embarrassing; embarrassed
sharp adj. 尖锐的，敏捷的→v. sharpen; adv. sharply
assign v.分配，指派→n. assignment
cooperate v.合作→n. cooperation; adj. cooperative
compose v.创作→n. composition; composer
innovative adj.创新的→v. innovate; n. innovation
steady adj. 稳定的→adv. steadily
economy n. 经济→adj. economic; economical
apply v. 申请，应用→n. application; applicant
qualification n. 资格→v. qualify; adj. qualified
2.重点短语考查
第2页，共14页
健康医疗设施___________________
(使)高兴起来，振作起来____________________
奏效_________________
专注于________________
笑柄___________________
露出微笑___________________
恶作剧___________________
阐明，使了解______________________
愁眉苦脸_____________________
某种类型的幽默_______________________
使某人难堪____________________
斥责，责骂____________________
不能按时完成(工作) ____________________
通知某人某事____________________
在黎明_________________
对…热心的_____________________
遗憾得通知某人______________________
拒绝____________________
对…有积极的影响_________________________
探索_____________________
降临_____________________
提升某人的技能_____________________
仿效某人_____________________
欣喜若狂_____________________
取得成功_____________________
超出某人的预期___________________________
各种各样的________________________
适应___________________
脆弱的生态系统______________________
相对比,相比较__________________
与…相和谐__________________
源于…的，原产于____________________
空闲时___________________
倒塌，向下垮___________________
carry on __________________
a wet blanket _____________________
an eager beaver ______________________
cool as a cucumber ______________________
turn over a new leaf _______________________
drag one’s feet _____________________
not lift a finger ____________________
in a row _____________________
set out to do ____________________
set…in motion ____________________
rather than ___________________
in question ___________________
serve as ___________________
bring… to life ____________________
in favor of ___________________
【答案】
健康医疗设施 health care facilities
（使）高兴起来，振作起来 cheer up
奏效 do the trick
专注于 concentrate on/upon
笑柄 laughing stock
露出微笑 crack a smile
恶作剧 practical joke
阐明，使了解 throw light on
愁眉苦脸 long face
某种类型的幽默 brand of humor
使某人难堪 put sb. on the spot
斥责，责骂 tell off
不能按时完成（工作）fall behind
通知某人某事 inform sb. of sth.
在黎明 at dawn
对..热心的 be enthusiastic about
遗憾得通知某人 regret to inform sb.
拒绝 turn down
对…有积极的影响 have a positive effect on
摸索 probe into
降临 descend on/upon
提升某人的技能 sharpen one’s skills
仿效某人 follow in one’s footsteps
欣喜若狂 go wild with joy
取得成功 pay off
超出某人的预期 beyond one’s expectation
各种各样的 a wide variety of
适应 adapt to
脆弱的生态系统 delicate ecosystem
相比较，相对比 in/by contrast
与…相和谐 in harmony with
源于…的，原产于 be native to
空闲时 at one’s leisure
倒塌，向下垮 give way
carry on 继续
a wet blanket 扫兴的人
an eager beaver 工作勤奋的人
cool as a cucumber 冷静
turn over a new leaf 重新开始，改过自新
drag one’s feet 动作迟缓，拖拉
not lift a finger 袖手旁观，不帮忙
in a row 连续地
set out to do 着手做
set…in motion 使…开始，启动
rather than 而不是
in question 被提及的；被讨论的
serve as 充当
bring…to life 使生机勃勃，使…苏醒
in favor of 支持，赞成
根据汉语提示，写单词正确的形式。
1．We talked together, we spent our (空闲的) time together, and except for school and work, we were never apart.
【答案】leisure/spare
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们一起聊天，一起度过业余时间，除了学习和工作，我们从未分开过。修饰空后名词time应用形容词，根据汉语提示leisure/spare符合题意。故填leisure/spare。
2．The appropriately dressed job (申请人) shows his good judgment.
【答案】applicant
【详解】考查名词。句意：穿着得体的求职者表现出了良好的判断力。根据汉语意思及谓语动词shows的提示可知，此处应用名词的单数形式applicant作主语。故填applicant。
3．Slogans use simple but impressive language to make us remember the product or service _______ (做广告)
【答案】advertised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：标语用简单但令人印象深刻的语言让我们记住所宣传的产品或服务。根据句中谓语动词“use”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作定语，修饰“the product or service”，并与其形成被动关系，表示“被广告宣传的产品或服务”，故应用过去分词形式；advertise为动词，表示“做广告”，符合句意。故填advertised。
4．He has a teaching (资格) so he is (具备资格的) for this position.
【答案】 qualification qualified
【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：他有教书的资格，所以他有资格担任这个职位。根据第一个空的汉语提示可知，这里应用qualification，为可数名词，且其前有a，所以这里应用名词单数。根据第二个空的汉语提示可知，这里应用形容词qualified，作表语。be qualified for意为“具备……资格”。故填qualification；qualified。
5．My grandfather does not like being (干扰) while he is reading his newspaper.
【答案】disturbed
【详解】考查动词。句意：我的祖父不喜欢在他看报纸的时候被打扰。“干扰”为动词disturb，由being和句意可知，my grandfather和动词disturb为被动关系，disturb应用过去分词形式与being构成动名词的被动语态，作like的宾语，故填disturbed。
6．Rather than go home, he always prefers to (徘徊) on the street when his parents quarrel.
【答案】wander
【详解】考查动词。句意：当父母吵架时，他总是喜欢在街上闲逛，而不是回家。根据单词首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词wander，固定句式结构prefer to do rather than do“宁愿……而不愿……”，应用动词原形。故填wander。
7．China’s image is improving (平稳地)，with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
【答案】steadily
【详解】考查副词。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。修饰动词improve应用副词 steadily，作状语。故填steadily。
8．To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to (遥远的) planets.
【答案】distant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：对许多人来说，科技意味着电脑、手持设备或前往遥远星球的交通工具。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词distant，作定语修饰名词planets。故填distant。
9．The police (怀疑) there might be a link between the two cases.
【答案】suspect/suspected
【详解】考查动词。句意：警方怀疑这两起案件之间可能有联系。表示“怀疑”应用动词suspect作谓语，根据“there might be a link between the two cases”可知，此处可理解为描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，也可以理解为描述现在的事实，应用一般现在时。故填suspect/suspected。
10．Officials believe that more than one person is to _____ (责怪) for the fire.
【答案】blame
【详解】考查动词。句意：官员们认为，不止一个人应该为火灾负责。根据汉语提示“责怪”可知，空格处应用单词blame，动词词性，“be to blame for…”是固定短语，意为“应该为某事负责任”。故填blame。
11．So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the additional energy _____ (产生；引起) by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around.
【答案】generated
【详解】考查动词。句意：太平洋是如此之大，覆盖了地球表面的30% ，其变暖所产生的额外能量足以触发一系列的天气变化。“产生；引起”为动词generate/cause，在that引导的状语从句中有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词短语the additional energy，且动词generate/cause和the additional energy是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填generated/caused。
12．The president says that they wish to be an (创新的) and socially responsible company for the long term.
【答案】innovative
【详解】考查形容词。句意：李会长表示：“从长远来看，我们希望成为具有革新精神和社会责任感的企业。”根据汉语提示可知应填形容词innovative，作定语修饰名词company。故填innovative。
13．The team was undone by the speed and strength of their o _____ (对手).
【答案】opponent/ opponents
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个队被对手的速度和力量打败了。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用名词opponent，作宾语，可数名词，单数或者复数都符合句意。故填opponent或opponents。
14．Today’s (紧张的； 激烈的) competition in jobs is not only between men, but also between men and women.
【答案】intense
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天在工作中激烈的竞争不仅是男人之间的竞争,也是男人和女人之间的竞争。分析句子可知，此处用形容词intense/fierce表示“激烈的”作定语修饰名词competition。故填intense。
15．If you actively (合作) with people from diverse cultural background, it is bound to help you view the world from different angles and give you more insight into your own culture.
【答案】cooperate
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：如果你积极与来自不同文化背景的人合作，势必有助于你从不同的角度看待世界，让你对自己的文化有更多的了解。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词cooperate“合作”，分析句子结构可知，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，且主语为you，故谓语用动词原形。故填cooperate。
16．There is a general (预料) that he will win first prize in the speech contest.
【答案】expectation
【详解】考查名词作主语。句意：有一种普遍的期望,他将在演讲比赛中获得一等奖。“预料”的英文表达是expectation，再根据空前的a general可知，此处用名词的单数形式，且名词在句中作主语。故答案为expectation。
17．As far as I’m concerned, it was her positive quality that ______ (保证) her success in the competition.
【答案】guaranteed
【详解】考查动词。句意：就我而言，正是她的积极品质保证了她在比赛中的成功。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“保证”应用guarantee，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且由强调句it was...that中的was可知，这里时态也应用一般过去时。故填guaranteed。
18．He was very a (感激的) of his colleagues’ support during his illness.
【答案】appreciative
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他非常感激同事们在他生病期间对他的支持。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据所给首字母和中文提示词，应是appreciative意为“感激的”。故填appreciative。
19．I honor endurance, __________ (坚持不懈), industry, talent, because these are the means by which men achieve great ends.
【答案】perseverance
【详解】考查名词。句意：我崇尚耐力、毅力、勤奋、才干， “坚持不懈”为名词perseverance，均不可数，故填perseverance。
20．Please (通知) us of any change of address as soon as possible.
【答案】inform
【详解】考查动词。句意：地址如有变动，请尽快通知我们。该空谓语动词，结合汉语提示，动词inform符合句意，inform sb. of sth.“通知某人某事”，本句是祈使句肯定句形式，谓语用动词原形。故填inform。
一、阅读理解
Long ago, Mexican wolves were common all through the Southwestern US and Northern Mexico. But as more human activities appeared in the areas, the wolves were hunted until they almost died out. The Mexican wolf is the rarest kind of gray wolf in North America. In the1970s, the US government began a program of raising Mexican wolves and releasing (放出) them back into nature. The program hoped to make the wolves spread back across the area they had once lived in for they are an important part of the balance of nature in the area.
The result of the latest count of Mexican wolves was reported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). A total of 42 wolf packs were found in the wild, and half of them had baby wolves last spring. Around 90 baby wolves were born in all, and 58% of them survived. The count reported a total of 163 wolves, which is nearly 25% more than last year. Over the last 10 years, the number of wolves has been increasing by about 15% a year.
One change wildlife managers have made recently is placing little wolves into groups of wild wolves. The wolves that are returned to nature when they are young seem to be far more adaptable than wolves that go into the wild for the first time as adults. Besides, new wolves from outside the packs also improve the overall long-term health of the wolves as a group.
However, not everyone is excited about the news. For farmers, who must protect their cattle from wolves, the increase is likely to mean more lost animals on their farms. Last year, 184 farm animals were killed in all. That’s the largest number since 1998.
Now, the USFWS and others are studying the increase in cattle killings, and trying to figure out solutions to protecting both Mexican wolves and farm animals. Bryan Bird, speaking for a group called Defenders of Wildlife, says, “Ensuring that wolves and people can get along is a necessary part of long-term success.”
1．What is the aim of the US program
A．To call on people to fight against hunting.
B．To reduce the natural areas for human activities.
C．To make sure the Mexican wolf population recovers.
D．To improve the living conditions of Mexican wolves.
2．What do the numbers reported by the USFWS show
A．The US program has achieved great success. B．The baby wolves have faced some difficulties.
C．The number of wolves has been out of control. D．The Mexican wolves have trouble fitting into the wild.
3．What can be learned from paragraph 3
A．Most young wolves are healthier than adult wolves.
B．Wildlife managers should take measures to manage wolves.
C．Releasing wolves in the wild causes some environmental problems.
D．Mixing human-raised baby wolves with wild wolves benefits them all.
4．What problem is mentioned in paragraph 4
A．Wild Mexican wolves are short of food.
B．Farmers suffer losses due to increasing wolves.
C．Farmers fail to know how to drive away wild wolves.
D．Wild Mexican wolves are still in danger of dying out.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过野外放生的方式，北美洲濒危野生动物墨西哥狼种群数量呈现增长趋势。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In the1970s, the US government began a program of raising Mexican wolves and releasing (放出) them back into nature. The program hoped to make the wolves spread back across the area they had once lived in for they are an important part of the balance of nature in the area.(20世纪70年代，美国政府开始了一项饲养墨西哥狼并将它们放归自然的计划。该项目希望能让狼在它们曾经生活过的地区蔓延开来，因为它们是该地区自然平衡的重要组成部分)”可知，美国计划的目的是确保墨西哥狼的数量恢复。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The result of the latest count of Mexican wolves was reported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). A total of 42 wolf packs were found in the wild, and half of them had baby wolves last spring. Around 90 baby wolves were born in all, and 58% of them survived. The count reported a total of 163 wolves, which is nearly 25% more than last year. Over the last 10 years, the number of wolves has been increasing by about 15% a year.(美国鱼类和野生动物管理局(USFWS)报告了墨西哥狼的最新统计结果。在野外总共发现了42群狼，其中一半在去年春天有了小狼。总共有大约90只小狼出生，其中58%存活了下来。据统计，总共有163只狼，比去年增加了近25%。在过去的10年里，狼的数量以每年15%的速度增长)”可知，USFWS报告的数据显示了狼的数量增加。由此推知，这个美国项目取得了巨大的成功。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“One change wildlife managers have made recently is placing little wolves into groups of wild wolves. The wolves that are returned to nature when they are young seem to be far more adaptable than wolves that go into the wild for the first time as adults. Besides, new wolves from outside the packs also improve the overall long-term health of the wolves as a group.(野生动物管理者最近做出的一项改变是将小狼放入野狼群中。幼年回归自然的狼似乎比成年后第一次进入野外的狼适应能力强得多。此外，来自狼群之外的新狼也改善了狼群整体的长期健康状况)”可推知，将人类饲养的幼狼和野生狼混合在一起对它们都有好处。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段“However, not everyone is excited about the news. For farmers, who must protect their cattle from wolves, the increase is likely to mean more lost animals on their farms. Last year, 184 farm animals were killed in all. That’s the largest number since 1998.(然而，并不是每个人都对这个消息感到兴奋。对于农民来说，他们必须保护他们的牛不受狼的伤害，这一增长可能意味着更多的动物在他们的农场里消失。去年，共有184只农场动物被杀。这是自1998年以来的最大数字)”可知，本段提到由于狼的增加，农民遭受了损失这个问题。故选B项。
It was a snowy day during the spring break when I walked into a great restaurant. In this blizzard weather, it was the only restaurant that remained open.
The restaurant has a long history in Hong Kong. Its owners, the couple, Peter and Michelle, have been running the restaurant since 2007.
“Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years,” Peter said. “Chinese students 20 years ago thought that a 70-cent bowl of rice was too expensive, but now a $ 20 meal is acceptable”. He also said that the new generation of Chinese students engaged with other students, bringing all their non-Chinese friends to visit the restaurant.
Peter takes great pride in his own cooking. He was curious about how the food was made and why particular foods or sauces had specific tastes. He chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food at the restaurant, featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum or hot pot.
When I asked whether he would modify the taste of the dishes to suit the taste of most Americans, Peter said, “We are not like those American Chinese restaurants. We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our customers, and they will love it because it is delicious, and their taste will suit the taste of our dishes, not the other way around.”
“If I hear complaints from my customers, I will be so upset that I can’t fall asleep at night”, he said. “Luckily most of my favorite dishes received wide acclaim from my customers and it takes more than one person’s effort.”
He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s enjoyment of their work and thought.
Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued in the past. The craftsman’s spirit with perfection, precision, concentration, and patience remains in Peter and his cooking.
5．How long have the couple been running the restaurant
A．17 years. B．20 years. C．30 years. D．70 years.
6．Why is the restaurant different from other American Chinese restaurants
A．Its customers are mainly Chinese.
B．It adjusts the taste according to the customers.
C．Its menu merely contains Guangdong and Sichuan food.
D．It sticks to its original taste of the dishes.
7．What can we know about Peter from the passage
A．He believes that cooking just needs one person’s effort.
B．He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
C．He shows an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
D．He doesn’t care about the customers’ complaints at all.
8．In which part of the newspaper can you read the passage
A．Geography. B．Art. C．Food. D．Literature.
【答案】5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了香港Peter和Michelle夫妇开的餐馆，并赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统食品的工匠精神。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Its owners, the couple, Peter and Michelle, have been running the restaurant since 2007. (它的主人Peter和Michelle夫妇从2007年开始经营这家餐厅。)”可知，自从2007年至今（2024年）已有17年之久。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“We are not like those American Chinese restaurants. We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our customers, and they will love it because it is delicious, and their taste will suit the taste of our dishes, not the other way around. (我们不像那些美国的中餐馆。我们为顾客提供真正的中国口味，他们会喜欢它，因为它很美味，他们的口味会适合我们的菜的味道，而不是相反。)”可知，这家餐厅坚持菜肴的原汁原味。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Peter takes great pride in his own cooking. (Peter对自己的厨艺非常自豪。)”以及倒数第二段“He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s enjoyment of their work and thought .(他把自己比作中国的工匠，他们以保存中国古代艺术而自豪，他们的动机只是为了让人们享受他们的工作和思想。)”可知，Peter以做最好的典型的中国菜而自豪。故选B项。
8．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“The craftsman’s spirit with perfection, precision, concentration, and patience remains in Peter and his cooking. (完美、精确、专注和耐心的工匠精神仍然存在于Peter和他的烹饪中。)”可知，本文主要讲述了香港Peter和Michelle夫妇开的餐馆，并赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统食品的工匠精神。从而推知，它来自食品专栏。故选C项。
二、完形填空
Jennifer works for Plato’s Closet, the clothing chain that buys and sells used clothing and accessories. When she performed a routine 9 on a coat that was 10 by a man earlier that day, she 11 $7,000 in $100 bills inside a pocket.
No one was 12 , since Plato’s Closet’s employees checked clothes all day long. And 13 , the man who brought the coat didn’t 14 where he had left the money. Some people would have 15 the “opportunity”. But not Jennifer. She said, “It wasn’t mine, so I didn’t get too 16 about that thick wad (沓) of cash.” 17 , she safely stored the money until it could be 18 to its rightful owner.
Sure, Plato’s Closet has 19 on sending back personal items found in the clothing, but what Jennifer did 20 her character. It wasn’t the result of outside pressure. “It’s just about integrity,” she said. “You just have to make sure that you’re 21 and that you do the right thing.”
Reputation is easy; character is hard. Doing the right thing when others are watching is easy. 22 public integrity, resolve or sincerity often results in recognition and praise. Doing the right thing when no one is watching is hard. Your nonpublic integrity gains no 23 or applause. Doing the right thing is also hard 24 it often runs against our best interests. The true test of 25 is what you do when people aren’t watching. Maybe 26 is Jennifer’s main character and maybe it’s not, but that doesn’t 27 . The fact that she 28 to do the right thing is more important.
9．A．service B．analysis C．experiment D．inspection
10．A．dropped off B．picked up C．paid for D．tried on
11．A．earned B．donated C．discovered D．spent
12．A．listening B．moving C．speaking D．watching
13．A．obviously B．fortunately C．hopefully D．consequently
14．A．determine B．remember C．indicate D．wonder
15．A．provided B．deserved C．seized D．confirmed
16．A．annoyed B．excited C．guilty D．confident
17．A．Also B．Otherwise C．Indeed D．Instead
18．A．recommended B．applied C．returned D．linked
19．A．regulations B．remarks C．issues D．reservations
20．A．preserved B．reflected C．developed D．affected
21．A．greedy B．honest C．polite D．curious
22．A．Covering B．Measuring C．Previewing D．Displaying
23．A．admiration B．knowledge C．apology D．cooperation
24．A．if B．while C．because D．unless
25．A．character B．motivation C．education D．relationship
26．A．weakness B．cheerfulness C．carelessness D．selflessness
27．A．occur B．matter C．match D．continue
28．A．expected B．promised C．arranged D．chose
【答案】
9．D 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家二手衣服连锁店的员工Jennifer发现送来的衣服里有7000美元的百元钞票，她没有把钱占为己有，而是选择了把钱归还原主的故事。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当天早些时候，当她对一名男子送来的外套进行例行检查时，她在口袋里发现里面有7000美元的百元钞票。A. service服务；B. analysis分析；C. experiment试验；D. inspection检查。根据第二段中“Plato’s Closet’s employees checked clothes all day long”可知，员工都要对送来的衣服进行检查。故选D项。
10．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dropped off送来，落下；B. picked up捡起；C. paid for支付；D. tried on尝试。根据语境和后文“by a man ”和第二段中“the man who brought the coat”可知，这件衣服是由顾客送到店里来的。故选A项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. earned挣得；B. donated捐赠；C. discovered发现；D. spent花费。根据语境和后文“$7,000 in $100 bills inside a pocket”可知，Jennifer在检查衣服时，发现了钞票。故选C项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人注意，因为Plato’s Closet’的员工整天都在检查衣服。A. listening听；B. moving移动；C. speaking说话；D. watching观察。根据语境以及最后一段中“The true test of ___25___ is what you do when people aren’t watching.”可知，没有人看到Jennifer发现了钞票。故选D项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，送这件外套的人不记得把钱放在哪里了。A. obviously明显地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. consequently因此。根据常识和后文“the man who brought the coat didn’t ____14___ where he had left the money”可知，送去的二手衣服里面有钱，显然是因为送衣服的人不记得钱放在衣服里了。故选A项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. determine决心；B. remember记得；C. indicate表明；D. wonder想知道。根据语境和后文“where he had left the money”可知，衣服里面有钱，是因为送衣服的人不记得钱放在衣服里了。故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人会抓住这个“机会”。A. provided提供；B. deserved值得；C. seized抓住；D. confirmed确认。根据语境和后文“the ‘opportunity’”可知，有人会抓住这个“获得钱”的机会。故选C项。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那不是我的，所以我对那一大叠现金没有太过兴奋。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. excited激动的，兴奋的；C. guilty内疚的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“But not Jennifer.”以及“It wasn’t mine”可知，Jennifer并不想把钱占为己有，知道那不是自己的钱，所以没那么兴奋。故选B项。
17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她把钱安全地存放在那里，直到它能被物归原主。A. Also另外；B. Otherwise否则；C. Indeed的确；D. Instead反而。根据后文“she safely stored the money until it could be ____18____ to its rightful owner”可知，Jennifer不想占为己有，反而把钱存放好，归还主人。故选D项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. recommended推荐，建议；B. applied应用；C. returned归还；D. linked连接。根据语境和后文“to its rightful owner”可知，Jennifer不想占为己有，想要把钱归还给主人。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，Plato’s Closet’有关于要退回衣服里的私人物品的规定，但Jennifer的做法反映了她的品质。A. regulations规定，条例；B. remarks评论；C. issues问题；D. reservations预约，保留。根据常识和后文“on sending back personal items found in the clothing”以及“but what Jennifer did ___20___ her character”的转折可知，这家衣店有关于要退回衣服里的私人物品的规定。故选A项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. preserved保藏；B. reflected反映；C. developed发展；D. affected影响。根据语境和后文“her character”以及“It’s just about integrity”可知，Jennifer不想占为己有，想要把钱归还给主人，这反映了她讲诚信的品质。故选B项。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你只需要确保你是诚实的，你在做正确的事。A. greedy贪婪的；B. honest诚实的；C. polite礼貌的；D. curious好奇的。根据语境和前文“It’s just about integrity”可知，Jennifer不为金钱所动，说明她认为要确保自己是个诚实的人。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：表现出公开的诚实正直、坚定的信念或真诚往往会得到认可和赞扬。A. Covering覆盖；B. Measuring测量；C. Previewing预习；D. Displaying展示。根据后文“public integrity, resolve or sincerity”可知，表现这些优良品质就会得到赞扬。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的非公开的诚实正直就不会得到赞赏或掌声。A. admiration钦佩，赞赏；B. knowledge知识；C. apology道歉；D. cooperation合作。根据前文“____22___ public integrity, resolve or sincerity often results in recognition and praise.”可知，公开的优良品质会得到人们的赞扬，而非公开的优良品质就不会得到赞赏。故选A项。
24．考查连词词义辨析。句意：做正确的事也很困难，因为它经常违背我们的最大利益。A. if如果；B. while在……期间；C. because因为；D. unless除非。后文“it often runs against our best interests”和前文之间是因果关系，因为违背自己的利益，所以人们很难做到。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对品质的真正考验是你在没人注意的时候所做的事。A. character性格，品质；B. motivation动机；C. education教育；D. relationship关系。根据后文“Maybe ___26___ is Jennifer’s main character”可知，此处指对品质的真正考验。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许无私是Jennifer的主要品质，也许不是，但这并不重要。A. weakness弱点；B. cheerfulness高兴；C. carelessness粗心；D. selflessness无私。根据前文“‘It’s just about integrity,’ she said. ‘You just have to make sure that you’re ___21___ and that you do the right thing.’”等内容可知，Jennifer不想把钱占为己有，具有诚实无私的优良品质。故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. occur发生；B. matter要紧，有重要影响；C. match匹配；D. continue继续。根据后文“to do the right thing is more important”可知，无私是不是Jennifer的主要品质并不重要，更重要的是她选择了做正确的事。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是她选择了做正确的事。A. expected期待；B. promised承诺；C. arranged安排；D. chose选择。根据语境和后文“to do the right thing is more important”可知，是把钱占为己有还是归还原主，Jennifer选择了作正确的事。故选D项。
拓展突破练
选择性必修一词汇在高考真题中的运用
翻译下列句子，并写出黑体词的含义
1. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解C篇) Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. ______________
【答案】对手
【详解】句意：上周，在旧金山一次公开的辩论赛中，一个名叫Project Debater的软件项目打败了人类对手，包前以色列国家辩论队辩手Noa Ovadia。
2. (2023年浙江卷.听力部分) Another mistake most people make is to workout intensely almost every day._____________
【答案】强烈的
【详解】句意：另外一个大部分人会犯的错误是几乎每天运动强度很大。
3. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解C篇) Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.________________
【答案】互动
【详解】句意：意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。
4. (2023年全国甲卷.阅读理解D篇) By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies.________________
【答案】仅仅的
【详解】句意：到20世纪70年代初，经过定居者几个世纪残酷的和持续的狩猎，600至800只灰熊只剩下落基山脉北部原来范围的2%。
5. (2023年全国乙卷.语法填空) The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, meaning there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. ______________
【答案】显著的
【详解】句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。
6. (2023年新课标全国II卷. 读后续写) When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. _______________
【答案】比赛
【详解】句意：当我在中学时，我的社会学老师让我报名参加一个写作比赛。
7. (2023年新课标全国II卷.阅读理解B篇) “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.”
【答案】确实
【详解】句意：“确实这些孩子去上学就带着零食袋和大瓶饮料，”她说，“它们认为蔬菜很恶心，土很脏，昆虫很可怕。”
8. (2023年新课标全国II卷.阅读理解D篇) We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. _________________
【答案】产生，创造
【详解】句意：我们正试图创造一种语言，可以帮助把人类本性互动带入日常生活中。
9. (2023年北京卷.七选五) The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. _________________
【答案】联系
【详解】句意：考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中缺乏教学质量指标是令人惊讶的。
10. (2023年新课标全国卷I.语法填空) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
【答案】很少
【详解】句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气：
08 选择性必修1重点词汇和短语复习
积累运用
1. 重点单词考查
amusement n. ___________→v. _____________; adj. ___________; ____________
entertain v. ___________→n. _____________
employer n. _____________→v ____________; n. ____________→n.(反义词)_____________
impress v.____________→n. _____________;adj. _____________
cruel adj. ____________→n. ______________
conclude v. ____________→n. _____________
inform v. ____________→n. _____________;adj. ____________;_____________
criticism n. ___________→v. ____________;adj. ______________
enthusiastic adj. _____________→n. _______________
elect v. ____________→n. ____________; adj.______________
appreciate v.____________→n. _____________; adj. ______________
gentle adj. ____________→n. _____________; adv. _____________
embarrass v. ____________→n. _____________; adj. ____________; ____________
sharp adj. ___________→v. _____________; adv. _____________
assign v. ____________→n. ______________
cooperate v. ____________→n. ____________; adj. _____________
compose v. ____________→n. ____________; _____________
innovative adj. ____________→v. _____________; n. ______________
steady adj. ___________→adv. _____________
economy n. ___________→adj. ___________; _____________
apply v. _____________→n. _____________; _____________
qualification n. ____________→v. ____________; adj. _____________
2.重点短语考查
第6页，共7页
健康医疗设施___________________
(使)高兴起来，振作起来____________________
奏效_________________
专注于________________
笑柄___________________
露出微笑___________________
恶作剧___________________
阐明，使了解______________________
愁眉苦脸_____________________
某种类型的幽默_______________________
使某人难堪____________________
斥责，责骂____________________
不能按时完成(工作) ____________________
通知某人某事____________________
在黎明_________________
对…热心的_____________________
遗憾得通知某人______________________
拒绝____________________
对…有积极的影响_________________________
探索_____________________
降临_____________________
提升某人的技能_____________________
仿效某人_____________________
欣喜若狂_____________________
取得成功_____________________
超出某人的预期___________________________
各种各样的________________________
适应___________________
脆弱的生态系统______________________
相对比,相比较__________________
与…相和谐__________________
源于…的，原产于____________________
空闲时___________________
倒塌，向下垮___________________
carry on __________________
a wet blanket _____________________
an eager beaver ______________________
cool as a cucumber ______________________
turn over a new leaf _______________________
drag one’s feet _____________________
not lift a finger ____________________
in a row _____________________
set out to do ____________________
set…in motion ____________________
rather than ___________________
in question ___________________
cause a storm ____________________
serve as ___________________
bring… to life ____________________
in favor of ___________________
根据汉语提示，写单词正确的形式。
1．We talked together, we spent our (空闲的) time together, and except for school and work, we were never apart.
2．The appropriately dressed job (申请人) shows his good judgment.
3．Slogans use simple but impressive language to make us remember the product or service _______ (做广告)
4．He has a teaching (资格) so he is (具备资格的) for this position.
5．My grandfather does not like being (干扰) while he is reading his newspaper.
6．Rather than go home, he always prefers to (徘徊) on the street when his parents quarrel.
7．China’s image is improving (平稳地)，with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
8．To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to (遥远的) planets.
9．The police (怀疑) there might be a link between the two cases.
10．Officials believe that more than one person is to _____ (责怪) for the fire.
11．So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the additional energy _____ (产生；引起) by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around.
12．The president says that they wish to be an (创新的) and socially responsible company for the long term.
13．The team was undone by the speed and strength of their o _____ (对手).
14．Today’s (紧张的； 激烈的) competition in jobs is not only between men, but also between men and women.
15．If you actively (合作) with people from diverse cultural background, it is bound to help you view the world from different angles and give you more insight into your own culture.
16．There is a general (预料) that he will win first prize in the speech contest.
17．As far as I’m concerned, it was her positive quality that ______ (保证) her success in the competition.
18．He was very a (感激的) of his colleagues’ support during his illness.
19．I honor endurance, __________ (坚持不懈), industry, talent, because these are the means by which men achieve great ends.
20．Please (通知) us of any change of address as soon as possible.
一、阅读理解
A
Long ago, Mexican wolves were common all through the Southwestern US and Northern Mexico. But as more human activities appeared in the areas, the wolves were hunted until they almost died out. The Mexican wolf is the rarest kind of gray wolf in North America. In the1970s, the US government began a program of raising Mexican wolves and releasing (放出) them back into nature. The program hoped to make the wolves spread back across the area they had once lived in for they are an important part of the balance of nature in the area.
The result of the latest count of Mexican wolves was reported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). A total of 42 wolf packs were found in the wild, and half of them had baby wolves last spring. Around 90 baby wolves were born in all, and 58% of them survived. The count reported a total of 163 wolves, which is nearly 25% more than last year. Over the last 10 years, the number of wolves has been increasing by about 15% a year.
One change wildlife managers have made recently is placing little wolves into groups of wild wolves. The wolves that are returned to nature when they are young seem to be far more adaptable than wolves that go into the wild for the first time as adults. Besides, new wolves from outside the packs also improve the overall long-term health of the wolves as a group.
However, not everyone is excited about the news. For farmers, who must protect their cattle from wolves, the increase is likely to mean more lost animals on their farms. Last year, 184 farm animals were killed in all. That’s the largest number since 1998.
Now, the USFWS and others are studying the increase in cattle killings, and trying to figure out solutions to protecting both Mexican wolves and farm animals. Bryan Bird, speaking for a group called Defenders of Wildlife, says, “Ensuring that wolves and people can get along is a necessary part of long-term success.”
1．What is the aim of the US program
A．To call on people to fight against hunting.
B．To reduce the natural areas for human activities.
C．To make sure the Mexican wolf population recovers.
D．To improve the living conditions of Mexican wolves.
2．What do the numbers reported by the USFWS show
A．The US program has achieved great success. B．The baby wolves have faced some difficulties.
C．The number of wolves has been out of control. D．The Mexican wolves have trouble fitting into the wild.
3．What can be learned from paragraph 3
A．Most young wolves are healthier than adult wolves.
B．Wildlife managers should take measures to manage wolves.
C．Releasing wolves in the wild causes some environmental problems.
D．Mixing human-raised baby wolves with wild wolves benefits them all.
4．What problem is mentioned in paragraph 4
A．Wild Mexican wolves are short of food.
B．Farmers suffer losses due to increasing wolves.
C．Farmers fail to know how to drive away wild wolves.
D．Wild Mexican wolves are still in danger of dying out.
B
It was a snowy day during the spring break when I walked into a great restaurant. In this blizzard weather, it was the only restaurant that remained open.
The restaurant has a long history in Hong Kong. Its owners, the couple, Peter and Michelle, have been running the restaurant since 2007.
“Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years,” Peter said. “Chinese students 20 years ago thought that a 70-cent bowl of rice was too expensive, but now a $ 20 meal is acceptable”. He also said that the new generation of Chinese students engaged with other students, bringing all their non-Chinese friends to visit the restaurant.
Peter takes great pride in his own cooking. He was curious about how the food was made and why particular foods or sauces had specific tastes. He chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food at the restaurant, featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum or hot pot.
When I asked whether he would modify the taste of the dishes to suit the taste of most Americans, Peter said, “We are not like those American Chinese restaurants. We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our customers, and they will love it because it is delicious, and their taste will suit the taste of our dishes, not the other way around.”
“If I hear complaints from my customers, I will be so upset that I can’t fall asleep at night”, he said. “Luckily most of my favorite dishes received wide acclaim from my customers and it takes more than one person’s effort.”
He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s enjoyment of their work and thought.
Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued in the past. The craftsman’s spirit with perfection, precision, concentration, and patience remains in Peter and his cooking.
5．How long have the couple been running the restaurant
A．17 years. B．20 years. C．30 years. D．70 years.
6．Why is the restaurant different from other American Chinese restaurants
A．Its customers are mainly Chinese.
B．It adjusts the taste according to the customers.
C．Its menu merely contains Guangdong and Sichuan food.
D．It sticks to its original taste of the dishes.
7．What can we know about Peter from the passage
A．He believes that cooking just needs one person’s effort.
B．He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
C．He shows an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
D．He doesn’t care about the customers’ complaints at all.
8．In which part of the newspaper can you read the passage
A．Geography. B．Art. C．Food. D．Literature.
二、完形填空
Jennifer works for Plato’s Closet, the clothing chain that buys and sells used clothing and accessories. When she performed a routine 9 on a coat that was 10 by a man earlier that day, she 11 $7,000 in $100 bills inside a pocket.
No one was 12 , since Plato’s Closet’s employees checked clothes all day long. And 13 , the man who brought the coat didn’t 14 where he had left the money. Some people would have 15 the “opportunity”. But not Jennifer. She said, “It wasn’t mine, so I didn’t get too 16 about that thick wad (沓) of cash.” 17 , she safely stored the money until it could be 18 to its rightful owner.
Sure, Plato’s Closet has 19 on sending back personal items found in the clothing, but what Jennifer did 20 her character. It wasn’t the result of outside pressure. “It’s just about integrity,” she said. “You just have to make sure that you’re 21 and that you do the right thing.”
Reputation is easy; character is hard. Doing the right thing when others are watching is easy. 22 public integrity, resolve or sincerity often results in recognition and praise. Doing the right thing when no one is watching is hard. Your nonpublic integrity gains no 23 or applause. Doing the right thing is also hard 24 it often runs against our best interests. The true test of 25 is what you do when people aren’t watching. Maybe 26 is Jennifer’s main character and maybe it’s not, but that doesn’t 27 . The fact that she 28 to do the right thing is more important.
9．A．service B．analysis C．experiment D．inspection
10．A．dropped off B．picked up C．paid for D．tried on
11．A．earned B．donated C．discovered D．spent
12．A．listening B．moving C．speaking D．watching
13．A．obviously B．fortunately C．hopefully D．consequently
14．A．determine B．remember C．indicate D．wonder
15．A．provided B．deserved C．seized D．confirmed
16．A．annoyed B．excited C．guilty D．confident
17．A．Also B．Otherwise C．Indeed D．Instead
18．A．recommended B．applied C．returned D．linked
19．A．regulations B．remarks C．issues D．reservations
20．A．preserved B．reflected C．developed D．affected
21．A．greedy B．honest C．polite D．curious
22．A．Covering B．Measuring C．Previewing D．Displaying
23．A．admiration B．knowledge C．apology D．cooperation
24．A．if B．while C．because D．unless
25．A．character B．motivation C．education D．relationship
26．A．weakness B．cheerfulness C．carelessness D．selflessness
27．A．occur B．matter C．match D．continue
28．A．expected B．promised C．arranged D．chose
拓展突破练
选择性必修一词汇在高考真题中的运用
翻译下列句子，并写出黑体词的含义
1. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解C篇) Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. ______________
2. (2023年浙江卷.听力部分) Another mistake most people make is to workout intensely almost every day._____________
3. (2023年浙江卷.阅读理解C篇) Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.________________
4. (2023年全国甲卷.阅读理解D篇) By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies.________________
5. (2023年全国乙卷.语法填空) The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, meaning there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. ______________
6. (2023年新课标全国II卷. 读后续写) When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. _______________
7. (2023年新课标全国II卷.阅读理解B篇) “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.”
8. (2023年新课标全国II卷.阅读理解D篇) We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. _________________
9. (2023年北京卷.七选五) The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. _________________
10. (2023年新课标全国卷I.语法填空) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
