译林版九年级下册英语第三单元Unit 3 Robot 单元知识点讲义

Unit 3 Robots单元知识点
一、重要短语
1、complain vi. 抱怨，投诉，发牢骚
complain to sb 向某人抱怨
I have to complain to the manager about it. 对这件事我不得不向经理申诉。
complain about/of sth 抱怨某事
They never complained about working overtime. 他们对加班加点从来不抱怨。
complaint 投诉，埋怨
Mr Green is writing a complaint letter.
2、have problems有问题
have problems/difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
E.g I didn’t have any problems finding the park.
problem的常用搭配 no problem“没问题”
3、sound
1)系动词，意为“听起来” The music sounds good.
2)名词，意为“声音” The sound of music made her happy.
4、in any way 在任何方面
in a way 从某种意义上说
in some ways 在某些方面
in the way 挡路
in this way 用这种方式
on one’s way to 去...的路上
by the way 顺便说一下
5、代词it, one, that
1）it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物；而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。
如： My father bought me a pen and I like it very much.
我父亲给我买了一支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。(it替代the pen，指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)
This dictionary is more useful than that (=the one)I bought yesterday.
这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。(that替代the dictionary，与前面的this dictionary是同类)
用法说明二：
2）one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”
如： Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one .
收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。(one替代a radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台)
The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population，不能用the one）
6、busy adj. 忙碌的 He’s a busy man.
【固定搭配】
1）be busy with sth 忙于某事
I was busy with my children. 我忙于照顾孩子。
2）be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
He is busy doing his homework. 他正忙着做家庭作业。
7、so that
1）引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情
态动词或助动词
如：They got up early so that they could catch the early bus.
2）引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以”。
如：The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day.
【拓展】so ... that ..
so＋形容词或副词＋that ...引导结果状语从句。意思是“如此……以致于……”。如：When the football fans saw
Beckham, they got so excited that they cried out.
8、tidy up 收拾妥，整理好
tidy adj. 整洁的，整齐的 vt. 收拾；整理
You should keep your room tidy.
They tidied the house just now.
He began to tidy up his desk and finish off the week’s work.
untidy adj. 不整洁的 an untidy desk
9、seem v.似乎，好像
1）seem +adj. She seems (to be )sad.
2）seem+to do sth 感到好像... 觉得似乎... I seem to have a cold.
3）It seems +that从句 It seems that it will be a storm soon.
4) It seems as if...仿佛... as if从句所表示的情况大多数是不真实的
It seems as if she were in a dream.
10、little/a little/few/a few
1）few, a few用于可数名词，
2）little, a little用于不可数名词。
3）a few, a little表示肯定意思：有一些，有一点
4）few ,little表示否定意思：没有一些，没有一点
如：He has a few friends in Beijing. 他有朋友
There is a little tea in the glass.杯里有茶
He has few friends in Beijing. 没有朋友
There is little tea in the glass.没有茶
11、sometime/some time/sometimes/some times
1)sometimes的意思是“有时”，是副词。例如：
Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus.
他有时骑车来，有时乘公共汽车来。
2）sometime也是副词，意思是“在某个时候”。可用于一般过去时与将来时。例如：
You can hand in your homework sometime before Friday.
你可以在周五前某个时候交作业。
3）some time是名词短语，它的意思是“一段时间”。例如：
I'll be away for some time. 我将离开一段时间。
4）some times也是一个名词短语，time在这里用作可数名词，意思是“次数”。
some times的意思是“几次”。例如：
I have been to the Great Wall some times. 我去过长城几次。
12、no longer/no more
1） no longer中的longer是副词long的比较级，long有after a certain point of time（在某一时刻以后）之意，着重表示时间的不再延续，意为"如今不再"。no longer等于not... any longer。
2） no more中的more是many / much的比较级，more有again之意，着重表示数量或程度的减少，意为"再也没有更多（大）的数量（程度）"。no more等于not... any more。
3）no longer修饰延续性动词，如teach, live, work等，表示动作不再延续；no more修饰非延续性动词，如come, go , make (the same mistake)等，表示动作不再次发生。
13、consider v. 认为，考虑 n. consideration
1）consider ...as 把...看做 常用被动结构 be considered as... “被认为/看做”
2）consider...to be 把...看做 The award is considered to be a great honor.
3）Consider doing sth 考虑做某事
4）Consider+that 从句
14、difference n. 差别，差异
Can you see any differences between these two pictures？
【固定搭配】
1)make a difference 有影响，起（重要）作用
It makes a difference which you choose.
2)be different from 与... 不同
My coat is different from his.
【难句分析】
1、The robot made Mr Jiang’s life much easier.
修饰比较级的词的用法
1）只用于修饰比较级：much，still，even
2）既可修饰比较级又可修饰原级：a little,a bit, rather等
3）表示前者在某方面远远超过对方时，通常采用far,by far,a lot等
4）在否定句、疑问句、或条件状语从句中，修饰形容词、副词的比较级，只能用any
2、...,the robot would do all the housework.
此句中的would do 为过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时的其他表达方法还有was/were going to+动词原形
The teacher asked you when you would finish your homework.
He new that I was going to come.
3、...,his flat would as good as new,and a delicious dinner would be ready for him.
1)as good as表示“与...一样好”，可视为as...as与good的自然搭配；若用作习语，则表示几乎，无异于
如：The matter is as good as settled.这件事等于解决了。
2)Ready adj. 有准备的
常用结构be ready for sth 为某事做好准备be ready to do sth准备好做某事
Get ready for sth/to do sth为（做）某事做好准备
如：Everything is ready for the party.
I’m ready to go.
4、My robot will remind you to take them at the right time.
Remind 用法归纳
1）提醒
① remind sb to do sth
② remind sb of/about sth
③ remind sb+that-clause
④ remind sb
如：Please remind me to call him back.
In case I forget,please remind me of it.
2）使...想起
① remind sb of sth
② remind sb+that-clause
The photo reminds me of my childhood.
The sight of the watch reminded me that I was late for the meeting.
二、重要句型
1.Mr. Jiang did not know what to do with it.
do with 与what 连用，表示“对待、处理”，表示“怎样处理某事”要说what... do with...，不说“how... do with...”。
例如：I don't know what to do with the rubbish.我不知道怎样处理这些垃圾。
What have you done with the milk 你是怎样处理那些牛奶的？
【拓展】what to do with...=how to deal with... 意为“如何处理......”How...deal with... 意为“如何处理......？”与What... do with...？意思同。
例如：I don’t know whatto do with the dog. = I don’t know how to deal with the dog.我不知道如何处理这条狗。
How do you deal withthe problem 你如何解决这个问题？
2. I have to buy a robot so that I can have more free time.
...so that= in order that的意思是“为了、以致”，它引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
They opened a technical training course so that/in order that the managers and clerks could attend it during their spare time．
他们开了一个技术训练班，为了经理和职员们在业余的时间可以去上课。
Please switch the light on so that /in order that we can see what it is．
请开灯，让我们看一下它是什么东西。
I took an early bus so that/in order that I got there in time．
我乘了早班公共汽车，及时到了那里。
【拓展】so/such... that...的意思是“如此 以至于 ”，它引导结果状语从句。其中so后接形容词，such后接名词，that后接从句，在口语中that常被省去。
例如：She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes．她非常悲伤，泪水盈眶。
John was so drunk（that）he could not stand still．约翰醉得站也站不住了。
He spoke at such a rapid speed（that）we could hardly follow him．
他说得很快，我们很难听清楚他在说什么。
3. It would go shopping at the supermarket as well.
as well常用作状语, 作“又；也”解, 相当于too或also, 常位于句末, 无须用逗号与句子分开。
例如：She gave me a piece of paper, and a pen as well.她给了我一张纸还有一支钢笔。
【拓展】as well as 用来表示同级比较，指“和 一样好”。
例如：You can do as well as your father if you work hard.如果你努力的话，你会和你爸爸做的一样好。
4. That allowed Mr. Jiang to do whatever he liked.
allow作动词，意为“允许”。后可接双宾语。常用于以下结构：
（1）allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。；
例如：Allow me to introduce you to our headmaster.请允许我介绍你见见我们的校长。Do they allow smoking in the cinemas 他们允许在电影院里抽烟吗
（2）allow sb. sth. 意为“给予某人某物(尤指钱或时间)；让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”。
例如：The court allowed a sum of money to each child for clothing.法院判给每个孩子一笔服装费。We’ll allow you time to answer. 我们将给你回答的时间。
5. It seems that in general the robot satisfied with Mr. Jiang’s needs.
句型It seems that...实质上是“主＋系＋表”结构。其中it是人称代词，并无实意，指的是某种情况，seems为连系动词，that / as if 引导表语从句。It seems that ...表示“看起来 ”。强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断，可以表示事实。（可以转换成“名词或代词＋seem ＋动词不定式”句型，其意不变，如果动词不定式为“to be ＋形容词”时，to be往往省略。
It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company. 妇女似乎更难提升到公司的最高职位。
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. =No one seems to know what has happened in the park.似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
It seems tome that he has known everything. =He seems to have known everything. 在我看来他似乎什么事都知道了。
It seems to me that Mr. White will not come again. 依我看，怀特先生不会再来了。
It seems that she is happy. 她似乎很高兴。
三、语法
句式（一）
一、宾语从句改为简单句的方法
1、宾语从句可改为动词不定式
当句子的谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise（答应，许诺）等，其后由that引导宾语从句， 并且从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。
如： (1). I hope that I will go to college one day. 转换为：I hope to go to college one day. 我希望有一天能上大学。
(2). They agreed that they would help me with my maths. 转换为：They agreed to help me with my maths 他们同意帮助我（学习）数学。.
2、 当句子的谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等词，后面接由疑问代词what，或接由
how, where, when, why等疑问副词引导的宾语从句，并且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，可将宾语从句转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
如： (1). Kate didn’t know what she should do. 转换为：Kate did’t know what to do. 凯特不知道该做什么。
(2). I have forgotten how I can use this word. 转换为：I have forgotten how to use this word. 我忘了怎么样用这个词。
3、当主句的谓语动词是ask, show, tell, teach等，后跟双宾语，并且从句的主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可转化为“疑问词+不定式”。
如： (1). Could you tell me how I can get to the park 转换为：
Could you tell me how to get to the park 你能告诉我怎样去公园吗？
(2). Please tell me where I can find him. 转换为：Please tell me where to find him. 请告诉我在哪里能找到他。
4、宾语从句可转化为“it +形容词作宾补+不定式短语”结构。
如： (1). I think that it is impossible to finish the work today.(that可省略) 转换为：I think it impossible to finish the work today. 我认为今天是不可能完成这项工作的。
(2). I found that it is important to learn English. (that可省略) 转换为：I found it important to learn English. 我发现学习英语很重要。
5、讲宾语从句转化为“名词或动名词短语”。
如： (1). I will take back what I said. 转换为：I will take back my words. 我将收回我所说的话
(2). Can you tell me how I can get to the station 转换为： Can you tell me the way to the station
二、状语从句改为简单句的方法
1、用“too…to…”结构可以将含有so…that引导的结果语从句(否定)的复合句转成简单句。如：
1）The boy is so young that he can’t look after himself. →The boy is too young to look after himself.
2）The question is so difficult that I can’t answer it . →The question is too difficult for me to answer.
2、用“…enough +不定式”结构可以将含有so …that …引导的结果状语从句（肯定）的复合句转变为简单句。例如：
1）The girl is so tall that she can reach the apples on the tree. →The girl is tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.
2）This hall is so large that it can hold 2000 people. →This hall is large enough to hold 2000 people.
3）The table was so light that the little boy can carry it. →The table was light enough for the little boy to carry.
3、用“in order +不定式”或“so as +不定式”结构可以将含有so that 引导的目的状语从句的复合句转换为简单句。如：
1） She decided to buy a camera online so that she could receive it soon.
→She decided to buy a camera online in order to receive it soon.
→She decided to buy a camera online so as to receive it soon.
2）I went over my composition again and again so that I couldn’t make any mistakes.
3）→I went over my composition again and again in order not to make any mistakes.
→I went over my composition again and again so as not to make any mistakes.
4、由because引导的原因状语从句可以改为because of构成的介词短语
He can’t come because he is ill. 他因病不能来。
→He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。
5、由when、after、before引导的时间状语从句可以用合适的动名词或介词短语来代替。
Turn off the light before you leave. 离开前请关灯。
→Turn off the light before leaving. 离开前请关灯。
He went home after he finished his work. 他做完工作后就回家了。
→He went home after finishing his work. 他做完工作后就回家了。