外研版（2019） 必修 第一册下学期期中考点大串讲（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 必修 第一册下学期期中考点大串讲（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 46.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-19 19:00:06 | ||
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文档简介
2023-2024学年高一下学期英语期中考试模拟卷
第一部分阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to “Cash Poor Points Rich”, a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think.
Chengdu, China
If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there's no better city to hit than Chengdu. It is home to pandas and spicy things. Moreover, the city's abundance of cultural and historical sights, together with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself one of the most attractive and livable large cities too. Past travelers have spent, on average, ￥158 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day.
Con Dao, Vietnam
Tourism is picking up in Vietnam lately, where you can travel for about 100 per day if you play your cards right. Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot. Its thick jungle will give you a good chance to uncover a paradise of your own.
Zakynthos, Greece
If you're looking for an affordable European summer beach vacation, consider Zakynthos. Food is cheap and mouthwatering. There are plenty of free things to do. although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are countless options for swimming in the appealing sea, along with charming villages and museums to explore.
New Orleans, U. S.
New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U. S., full of fascinating history, absorbing culture, delicious food, and a constantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students.
1．Which city best suits people who like to meet cheerful natives
A．Chengdu. B．Con Dao.
C．Zakynthos. D．New Orleans.
2．What do Con Dao and Zakynthos have in common
A．Countless local cultures.
B．Free tourist attractions.
C．Impressive sea views.
D．Large charming museums.
3．Who may be the target readers of this passage
A．Parents arranging family trips.
B．Students exploring affordable destinations.
C．Elders looking for quiet destinations.
D．Businessmen seeking high-end hotels.
B
Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up of a group of grandmothers with a strong love for knitting (编织) who tum their love for crafting into a purposeful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pour their collective love into every stitch (针法) they make. The group has been working for over ten years, meeting every Friday, to support organizations that help others, locally and around the world. Over the years, they've crafted thousands of items in support of the important things.
Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stover was inspired to have the group knit hats for infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children's Health Hospital. The hats, each a unique work of art, designed with holiday themes, reflect the skill of the Knit Wits. More importantly, the special of Knit Wits is its understanding of the emotional effect these small objects can have on the infants experiencing medical treatments.
Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children's Health Hospital, explained how the hats are making a difference to the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able to wear the hats on their body to move their smells before placing the hats back on the infants, encouraging connecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.
Throughout the infants' admission, many holidays are celebrated. At times, some infants are seriously ill and unable to dress up for holiday photos the families have planned. Thanks to the donations from Knit Wits, the hospital team is able to prove the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use for their photos and holiday celebrations.
4．What do we know about the hats from paragraph 2
A．They centre on spiritual comfort.
B．They have holiday food subjects.
C．They are knitted by the caregivers
D．They are worn on child parents' birthdays.
5．Why do the caregivers wear the hats first
A．To hold an artistic activity.
B．To see off the recovered patients.
C．To relax the infants for treatments
D．To welcome the arrival of various holidays.
6．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Why some holiday celebrations are held.
B．What the hats can be used as on holidays.
C．Why some special photos are important.
D．What the hats can be matched with.
7．Which of the following can best describe the members of Knit Wits
A．Unsuccessful B．Impractical. C．Warm-hearted D．Dishonest.
C
Vast lands of America are dominated by corn, nearly 100macres of it, stretching from Ohio to the Dakotas. What once was forest today produces the corn that feeds people, cattle and, when made into ethanol (乙醇), cars.
Now, the nation's airlines want to power their planes with corn, too. United Airlines signed a deal with a Nebraska ethanol company to buy enough sustainable fuel, to power 50,000 flights a year. The government could decide on its tax incentives (税收激励) for the industry as soon as December. “Mark my words, the next 20 years, corn farmers are going to provide 95% of all the sustainable airline fuel,” President Biden said in July.
The airlines' ambitious goal would likely require nearly doubling ethanol production, which airlines say, with great expectation, would decrease their greenhouse gas emissions. If they succeed, it could transform America's Corn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanol producers, but potentially further damaging one of the nation's most important resources: groundwater.
Corn requires a lot of water to grow and it can take hundreds of gallons to produce a single gallon of ethanol. But as airlines take the idea of ethanol, the vital groundwater faces serious risks. “We're on track to massively increase water usage without any real sense of how sensitive our groundwater is,” said Jeffrey Broberg, who is concerned about groundwater in Minnesota, a major corn state.
The Department of Energy said in a statement that “water use is a critical part of the conversation surrounding bio-energy sustainability”. It pointed to a 2022 department study that concluded that the United States could significantly reduce pressure on groundwater by shifting fuel production away from water-intensive crops like corn, instead growing more crops that don't require irrigation (灌溉), like various types of straw, grasses and trees.
Hopefully, a better approach will be soon studied and adopted.
8．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．Farmers will increase 95% of their ethanol production.
B．The sustainable fuel will not be popular in the future.
C．Corn will be an influential source in the fuel industry.
D．The government stops the new fuel for the groundwater.
9．What does the underlined word “stimulating” mean in paragraph 3
A．Preventing. B．Motivating. C．Destroying. D．Impressing.
10．What is the potential risk of the increased use of ethanol in fuel
A．The shortage of corn production.
B．The increase in global warming.
C．A rise in clean-energy tax credits.
D．Higher stress on the groundwater.
11．What did the 2022 study suggest according to the last paragraph
A．Expand the corn planting area.
B．Use some alternative materials.
C．Cut down the daily water usage.
D．Turn to the government for help.
D
The design theory behind a pair of tiny robots may one day find its way into environmental monitoring, as well as search and-rescue tasks. Modeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the two robots each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functional micro-robots in the world, according to Washington State University (WSU).
Developed by a team of WSU researchers, the robots' tininess largely relies on a material known as a shape memory alloy (合金). Although shape memory alloys change form when heated, they can “remember” their original shapes and return to them after cooling. Because of this, the two micro-robots do not require standard motors, and they use light and small ones instead of bulky moving parts.
Both the robots' motors are each made up of two shape memory alloys, allowing them to move their fins as fast as 40 times a second while also lifting over 150 times their weight. “They're very technologically sound. The development of the very lightweight robots opens up new possibilities in micro-robotics,” said Conor Trygstad, a material engineering PhD student and study lead author. “Although the robots are impressive when compared to other robots, the pair still fall behind their biological relatives',” Trygstad said. They can currently move at a speed of about six millimeters a second; a water strider, by comparison, speeds along at about a meter per second. For now, the robots also require wired (连线的) power sources, thus seriously preventing any real-world applications for the moment.
Going forward, however, the team plans to copy other small insect species while also creating a new water strider robot which can move at a higher speed. Depending on using small batteries could also greatly increase the robots' areas of use, If the breakthrough designs continue improving, similar micro-robots could one day be employed to monitor hard-to-reachor dangerous environments.
12．What is the inspiration for the two robots
A．A special monitor. B．The lightest micro robot.
C．An insect species. D．A search-and rescue task
13．What does the underlined word “bulky” mean in paragraph 2
A．Cheap. B．Huge. C．Cool D．Fast.
14．What might Conor Trygstad agree with
A．Both robots can identify sound. B．Both robots need wireless power sources.
C．Both robots work better than water striders. D．Both robots have weaknesses besides strengths.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Robots Are Saving Environment B．Shape Memory Alloys Are The Key
C．Human Beings Learn From Animals D．Two Micro robots Can Play A Big Part
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Stay Awake During School
If you've ever pulled an all-nighter or had a bad night of sleep, you know it's difficult to stay awake in class when you're tired So how to keep yourself awake 16________
Taking part in class
17 ______They are great ways to force yourself to stay awake because they require your mind and your body to work together. To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, and pay close attention. Also, group discussions are a great time to keep yourself awake. Try to sit yourself near people who always volunteer in class and have a lot to say in discussion.
Keeping your body active
Walk around before or after class 18 _____For example, go outside during breaks and get your blood moving to keep your body awake. Besides, you can stretch a little in your chair to help you feel refreshed. You can start by rolling your wrists, shoulders, and neck. After you stop moving, you might feel tired again, but it can help a little bit.
19 _____
Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness 20_____ But you should avoid heavy foods right before class as they can make you sleepy. By the way, especially in a class, a bottle of cold water can kick in right when you might start e to class with a bottle of cold water. You'll also get a little energy from the coldness every time you take a drink.
A．Preparing a little bit drinks
B．Staying awake with food and drinks.
C．Here are some creative strategies you can get with
D．Physical activity tells your body it's not time for sleep
E．The food will give you energy and help you stay awake
F．You'll be near people who are more likely to join the class
G．Listen actively to the lesson and discuss with your classmates
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A forest after a wildfire
Throughout my career, I've had many chances to enter various wildfire areas. But I've 21 _____had the opportunity to see the immediate scene after a fire.
So when I 22______ into a recently burned forest, my first reaction was the deathly 23 ___hung in the air. There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises. It felt as if life itself had totally 24_____from this place. What was even worse, the burned-out forest meant that a large amount of 25____ alongside the road was no longer 26 ____by the under-growth (灌木丛) . Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—you name it, and you can find it.
Knowing there was a story here that needed 27 ____ , I raised my camera with a heavy heart, no matter how 28 _____. Photographing burned-out areas is 29 _____ , since there is really only a bunch of burned-out wood. Through my lenses, I sought to connect viewers to the 30 ____of the disaster.
For a nature photographer passionate about environmental protection, it's important to 31____ the ugly as well as the beautiful. We need to put those two things together, so while 32 ______hope, we are aware of what has been taken from us, and how 33_____ that loss can be. Without that balance, we risk becoming used to a world shaped by destruction and not the one of 34_____ . Nature will regenerate, but now, we must consider what 35_____ we humans play in that process, too.
21．A．rarely B．merely C．usually D．possibly
22．A．sank B．ran C．broke D．stepped
23．A．threat B．warning C．silence D．charm
24．A．set apart B．faded away C．spread out D．bounced back
25．A．smoke B．pollution C．trash D．product
26．A．hidden B．protected C．bothered D．held
27．A．writing B．telling C．adapting D．continuing
28．A．painful B．strange C．popular D．dangerous
29．A．appealing B．rewarding C．surprising D．challenging
30．A．description B．cruelty C．impression D．recovery
31．A．remember B．enhance C．confirm D．record
32．A．maintaining B．abandoning C．requiring D．receiving
33．A．inspiring B．refreshing C．damaging D．astonishing
34．A．belief B．fantasy C．imagination D．harmony
35．A．game B．role C．rule D．Idea
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ice and snow warm up winter tourism in Northeast China. Lately, the popularity of ice and snow tourism in Northeast China 36 ____(explode). Major hot springs resorts in Harbin 37_____ (crowd)with traffic jams comparable to the Spring Festival travel rush and travelers from the south of China make up a large part of the tourism crowd.
How do you tell the southerners 38____ northerners Southern Chinese people can be summarized in four characteristics: a light-colored down jacket, a lovely small hat, a suitcase in hand and 39____ (shy)in public bath houses.
Southerners are less prepared for the cold. Some individuals online are providing practical suggestions for these southerners, stressing the need for clothing that 40 _____(protect)them from the freezing outdoor temperatures while ensuring they don’t sweat 41____(heavy)indoors.
In order to promote travel for tourists, Harbin has extended the operating 42 _____(hour)of buses and subways. According to 43____ announcement from the Harbin government, the ice and snow season in Harbin will continue until the end of March 2024. For travelers 44_____ (try)to avoid peak periods, it’s advisable to plan visits after New Year’s Day and Spring Festival, 45 _____tourist traffic is at its peak.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校外教Mike对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可适当增加细节。
Dear Mike,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never a fast runner and thus I always didn’t like running. Throughout my childhood, whenever we competed in the 50-meter run, the 400-meter, or any other type of race, I would finish in the bottom half. In my late teens, as a member of a baseball team, I was the slowest runner on the team. In the preseason training, I was always the one running by myself at the end.
Therefore, twenty years later, when I entered my first official running race — a 3,000-meter challenge in my city — at age 38, I certainly didn’t expect to win or come close to winning.
I was there because my college friend Jim Hosek was the director of the race, and he asked me to run. The race was aimed at raising money for the unfortunate patients in a hospital and encouraging the patients and their families to be brave, determined, and confident with sportsmanship.
It was a heartwarming program.I wanted to support it, so I showed up, paid the entrance fee, had a number pinned (把……别住) on my back, and moved over to the starting line. There, I waited with about 300 other runners for the race to begin. I was nervous. Would I be the last one to finish a race again Could I even finish the race I wondered.
Before long, someone spoke into a microphone, “Anyone weighing over 200 pounds comes down to the scale (秤), please.” Knowing I was over 200 pounds, I walked down to the scale. A man told me to stand on it. “Two hundred and three pounds,” he said. Then he wrote down the race number that was on my back. Out of curiosity, I asked him why he did so,and then I was told there would be an award ceremony (仪式) after the race. One award was for the first finisher in the over 200-pound group, and this special award would be announced at the end of the ceremony.
Not expecting the award, I ran towards the starting line, never realizing there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds.
Paragraph 1:
Soon after, the race started.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
全解全析
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花最少的钱实现旅游。
1．细节理解题。根据原文Chengdu, China部分中提到的“If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu.(如果您想去一个有快乐当地人的地方，那么没有比成都更好的城市了。)”可知，成都是最适合想要遇见悠闲、无忧无虑本地人的人。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Con Dao,Vietnam(越南昆岛)部分的 “Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot.(孔岛国家公园是南部海岸附近的一组引人注目的小岛，是徒步探索该地区时看到海龟和其他野生动物的好去处。)”及Zakynthos, Greece部分的“There are plenty of free things to do, although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water.(这里有很多免费的事情可以做，尽管最受欢迎的是在蔚蓝的海水边美丽的海滩上度过时光。)”可知，两地都可以看到迷人的海景。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段提及“…a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. (……一个旅游博客，致力于分享信用卡积分和里程的使用经验，帮助您花小钱享受大旅游。只要计划得当，最大限度地利用现有资源，大学生旅行可能比你想象的要容易得多。)以及每段中都体现出该旅游地的实惠和便宜。因此推断探索经济实惠的目的地的学生最有可能是目标读者，故选 B。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。Knit Wits是一个由一群奶奶组成的非营利组织，这群奶奶为Children’s Health Hospital患有心脏病的幼儿送上她们手工编织的帽子。这些幼儿可以戴上帽子庆祝节假日和拍照。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stover was inspired to have the group knit hats for infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children’s Health Hospital, The hats, each a unique work of art, designed with holiday themes, reflect the skill of the Knit Wits. More importantly, the special of Knit Wits is its understanding of the emotional effect these small objects can have on the infants experiencing medical treatments.(最近，Knit Wits的成员Mary Ann Stover受到启发，为儿童健康医院患有心脏病的婴儿患者编织帽子。每顶帽子都是独特的艺术品，以节日主题设计，反映了Knit Wits的技能。更重要的是，Knit Wits的特别之处在于它理解这些小物件对正在接受治疗的婴儿的情感影响)”可知，这些帽子的作用主要是安抚幼儿。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children’s Health Hospital, explained how the hats are making a difference to the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able to wear the hats on their body to move their smells before placing the hats back on the infants, encouraging connecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.(Bealle是儿童健康医院的认证儿童生活专家，他解释了这些帽子是如何对小病人和他们的家庭产生影响的。他说:“看护人可以先把帽子戴在身上，然后再把帽子戴回婴儿身上，这样可以促进联系，减轻婴儿的压力。”)”可知，照料者先戴帽子的是让接受治疗的幼儿放松。故选C项。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Throughout the infants’ admission, many holidays are celebrated. At times, some infants are seriously ill and unable to dress up for holiday photos the families have planned. Thanks to the donations from Knit Wits, the hospital team is able to prove the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use for their photos and holiday celebrations.(在婴儿入院期间，人们庆祝许多节日。有时，一些婴儿病得很严重，无法为家人计划的节日照片打扮。多亏了Knit Wits的捐赠，医院团队才能够为家庭提供合适的主题婴儿帽，供他们拍照和节日庆祝)”可知，本段的主要内容是这些帽子在节日里的作用。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up of a group of grandmothers with a strong love for knitting (编织) who tum their love for crafting into a purposeful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pour their collective love into every stitch (针法) they make. The group has been working for over ten years, meeting every Friday, to support organizations that help others, locally and around the world. Over the years, they’ve crafted thousands of items insupport of the important things.(总部位于达拉斯的Knit Wits由一群对编织有着强烈热爱的祖母组成，她们将对手工艺的热爱转化为有目的的尝试。他们定期见面，把集体的爱倾注到他们做的每一件事上。该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织。多年来，她们精心制作了数千件物品来支持重要的事情)”以及纵观全文可知，Knit Wits的成员是一群祖母组成，该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织，所以她们是热心的。故选C项。
8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲现在美国的航空公司希望用玉米为飞机提供动力。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“What once was forest today produces the corn that feeds people, cattle and, when made into ethanol(乙醇), cars.(昔日的森林如今变成了玉米地，可以供养人、养牛，在玉米制成乙醇后，还能为汽车提供燃料。)”和第二段中的“ Now, the nation’s airlines want to power their planes with corn, too.(现在，美国的航空公司也想用玉米为飞机提供燃料。)”可知，玉米将成为燃料工业中有影响力的来源。故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The airlines’ ambitious goal would likely require nearly doubling ethanol production, which airlines say, with great expectation, would decrease their greenhouse gas emissions. If they succeed, it could transform America’s Corn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanol producers, but potentially further damaging one of the nation’s most important resources: groundwater.(航空公司雄心勃勃的目标可能需要将乙醇产量增加近一倍，航空公司满怀期望地表示，乙醇产量将减少温室气体排放。如果他们成功了，这可能会改变美国的玉米带， 农民和乙醇生产商，但可能会进一步损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水。)”以及从该词后的 but可知， stimulating 和后文的“damaging one of the nation’s most important resources: groundwater.(损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水)”构成转折关系，所以猜测 stimulating应表示“刺激”。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Corn requires a lot of water to grow and it can take hundreds of gallons to produce a single gallon of ethanol. But as airlines take the idea of ethanol, the vital groundwater faces serious risks. (玉米的生长需要大量的水，而生产一加仑乙醇可能需要数百加仑的水。但随着航空公司采用乙醇的想法，重要的地下水面临着严重的风险。)”可知，燃料中乙醇使用增加的潜在风险是对地下水的压力更大。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It pointed to a 2022 department study that concluded that the United States could significantly reduce pressure on groundwater by shifting fuel production away from water-intensive crops like corn, instead growing more crops that don’t require irrigation(灌溉), like various types of straw, grasses and trees. Hopefully, a better approach will be soon studied and adopted.(它指出，2022年国务院的一项研究得出结论，美国可以通过将燃料生产从玉米等耗水作物转向种植更多不需要灌溉的作物，如各种类型的秸秆、草和树木，来显著减轻地下水压力。希望不久将研究并采用一种更好的方法。)”可知，2022年的研究建议使用一些替代材料来生产燃料。故选B项。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Modeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the two robots each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functional micro-robots in the world, according to Washington State University (WSU).(根据华盛顿州立大学的说法，这两个机器人以水黾和昆虫为模型，各重8毫克和55毫克，可能是世界上最小、最轻、最快的全功能微型机器人)”可知，这两个机器人的灵感是昆虫种类。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“the two micro-robots do not require standard motors, and they use light and small ones instead of”可知，这两个微型机器人不需要标准的马达，它们使用轻而小的马达代替巨大沉重的运动部件。故划线词意思是“巨大的”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段““Although the robots are impressive when compared to other robots, the pair still fall behind their biological relatives’,” Trygstad said. They can currently move at a speed of about six millimeters a second; a water strider, by comparison, speeds along at about a meter per second.(特里格斯塔德说：“尽管与其他机器人相比，这两个机器人令人印象深刻，但它们仍然落后于它们的生物学亲戚。”它们目前的移动速度约为每秒6毫米；相比之下，水黾的速度约为每秒一米)”可知，Conor Trygstad认为两个机器人除了优点之外都有缺点。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The design theory behind a pair of tiny robots may one day find its way into environmental monitoring, as well as search and-rescue tasks.(一对微型机器人背后的设计理论可能有一天会用于环境监测，以及搜索和救援任务)”结合文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。可知，D选项“两个微型机器人可以大有作为”最符合文章标题。故选D。
16．C 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们在课堂上能够保持清醒。
16．根据空前的“So how to keep yourself awake (那么如何让自己保持清醒呢？)”可知，空前提出疑问“如何保持清醒？”。而下文则介绍了一些具体的保持清醒的方法。选项C“Here are some creative strategies you can get with(这里有一些你可以采用的创意策略)”承上启下，即承接上文回答了疑问，同时引出下文的具体策略。故选C。
17．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文的“They are great ways to force yourself to stay awake because they require your mind and your body to work together. To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, and pay close attention. Also, group discussions are a great time to keep yourself awake. Try to sit yourself near people who always volunteer in class and have a lot to say in discussion.(它们是强迫自己保持清醒的好方法，因为它们需要你的大脑和身体一起工作。为了有效地听老师讲课，你应该试着保持目光接触，面对演讲者，并集中注意力。此外，小组讨论是让你保持清醒的好时机。试着坐在那些总是主动在课堂上发言，在讨论中有很多话要说的人旁边)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上课时需要专注，同时参加小组讨论。选项G“Listen actively to the lesson and discuss with your classmates(积极听讲，与同学讨论)”与本段内容相符。故选G。
18．根据空前的“Walk around before or after class(课前或课后四处走走)”可知，作者建议课前课后多走动。选项D“Physical activity tells your body it’s not time for sleep(运动告诉你的身体现在不是睡觉的时候)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是课前课后多走动，会告诉自己的身体现在不是睡觉的时候。这样有助于课堂上保持清醒。故选D。
19．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”以及“By the way, especially in a class, a bottle of cold water can kick in right when you might start e to class with a bottle of cold water. You’ll also get a little energy from the coldness every time you take a drink.(顺便说一下，尤其是在课堂上，一瓶冷水可能会在你开始睡觉的时候起作用。带一瓶冷水来上课。每次你喝水的时候，你也会从寒冷中获得一点能量)”可知，一日三餐以及喝冷水有助于我们保持清醒。选项B“Staying awake with food and drinks.(吃饱喝足保持清醒)”与本段内容相符。故选B。
20．根据空前的“Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”可知，空前讲述的是一日三餐有助于我们保持清醒。选项E“The food will give you energy and help you stay awake(食物会给你能量，帮助你保持清醒)”是上文内容的自然延续，解释了为什么每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助我们对抗疲劳，从而保持清醒。故选E。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了作者进入一片最近被烧毁的森林，看到了被大火烧毁后的景象，作者感悟人类应该意识到自然界的平衡以及在这个过程中发挥应有的作用。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。A. rarely很少；B. merely仅仅；C. usually通常；D. possibly可能。根据上文“Throughout my career, I’ve had many chances to enter various wildfire areas.(在我的职业生涯中，我有很多机会进入不同的野火地区)”以及but表示转折，可知，作者很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. sank下沉；B. ran奔跑；C. broke打破；D. stepped踏入。根据上文“enter various wildfire areas”以及后文“into a recently burned forest”此处指走进一片最近被烧毁的森林。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. threat威胁；B. warning警告；C. silence沉默；D. charm魅力。根据后文“There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，被烧毁的森林里只有沉默，没有声音。故选C。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：感觉好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。A. set apart分开；B. faded away消失；C. spread out分散开；D. bounced back迅速恢复。根据上文“There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，没有任何声音，就好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. smoke烟雾；B. pollution污染；C. trash垃圾；D. product产品。根据后文“Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—you name it, and you can find it.(油罐、玻璃、塑料袋——你能想到的，你都能找到)”可知，此处指灌木丛下的垃圾被显露出来。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. hidden隐藏；B. protected保护；C. bothered麻烦；D. held举行。根据后文“by the under-growth”可知，这些垃圾本来被灌木丛所隐藏，因为大火被显露出来。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. writing写；B. telling告诉；C. adapting改编；D. continuing继续。根据上文“there was a story here that needed”指讲述故事应用动词tell。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. painful痛苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“with a heavy heart”可知，作者看到这一幕感到心痛，还是举起了相机。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拍摄被烧毁的地区是具有挑战性的，因为实际上只有一堆被烧毁的木头。A. appealing吸引人的；B. rewarding值得的；C. surprising惊人的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据后文“since there is really only a bunch of burned-out wood”可知，被烧毁的地区只有一堆被烧毁的木头，因此拍摄这些地方让摄影具有挑战性，故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我的镜头，我试图将观众与灾难的残酷联系起来。A. description描述；B. cruelty残酷；C. impression印象；D. recovery恢复。根据上文“There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”以及后文“of the disaster”可知，此处指火灾的残酷，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一个热爱环境保护的自然摄影师来说，记录美丽的同时也记录丑陋的东西是很重要的。A. remember记得；B. enhance加强；C. confirm确认；D. record记录。根据上文“a nature photographer”可知，作者是自然摄影师，所以记录美丽的同时也要记录丑陋的东西。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. maintaining维持；B. abandoning抛弃；C. requiring需要；D. receiving收到。根据后文“hope, we are aware of what has been taken from us”可知，保持希望的同时也要意识到我们失去了什么，故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. refreshing令人耳目一新的；C. damaging破坏的；D. astonishing惊人的。根据后文“that loss can be”以及上文作者进入被烧毁地区的所见，可知应该意识到损失多么惊人，故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种平衡，我们就有可能习惯于一个充满破坏而非和谐的世界。A. belief信念；B. fantasy幻想；C. imagination想象力；D. harmony和谐。题干中提到“not the one of destruction”，即不是破坏的世界，因此与之相对的是和谐的世界，即“harmony”。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然会再生，但现在，我们必须考虑我们人类在这个过程中也扮演了什么角色。A. game游戏；B. role角色；C. rule规则；D. idea想法。根据后文“we humans play in that process”指人类在过程中扮演的角色，短语为play role in。故选B。
36．has exploded 37．are crowded 38．from 39．shyness 40．protects 41．heavily 42．hours 43．an 44．trying 45．when
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲冰雪为中国东北的冬季旅游带来了温暖。最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。
36．考查时态。句意：最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，the popularity of ice and snow tourism in Northeast China，为第三人称单数形式，与explode为主动关系，再根据时间状语Lately可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has exploded。
37．考查时态语态。句意：哈尔滨的主要温泉度假胜地挤满了交通堵塞，与春节旅游高峰相当，来自中国南方的游客在旅游人群中占了很大一部分。 分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，Major hot springs resorts与crowd为被动关系，且这里时态应与本句后面make保持一致，用一般现在时。故填are crowded。
38．考查介词。句意：你如何区分南方人和北方人？分析句子可知，这里考查tell A from B表“区分或辨别A与B”，为固定搭配。故填from。
39．考查名词。句意：中国南方人可以概括为四个特点：浅色羽绒服，可爱的小帽子，手里拿着手提箱，在公共澡堂里害羞。分析句子可知，本空应该填shy的名词形式 shyness与前面的“ a lovely small hat, a suitcase in hand”并列，且shyness为不可数名词，符合句意。故填shyness。
40．考查主谓一致。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空是定语从句中的谓语，时态应用一般现在时表客观事实，其单复数形式要根据先行词判断。先行词 clothing 是不可数名词，故用单数形式。故填protects。
41．考查副词。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空用副词 heavily作状语修饰动词sweat，意为“出很多汗”。故填heavily。
42．考查名词复数。句意：为了促进游客出行，哈尔滨延长了公共汽车和地铁的运营时间。operating hours 指的是“营业时间”，此处 hour需要用复数形式。故填hours。
43．考查冠词。句意：根据哈尔滨市政府的公告，哈尔滨的冰雪季节将持续到2024年3月底。此处指的是关于冰雪季时间的一项公告，因此选用不定冠词，且announcement为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
44．考查非谓语。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，travelers与try为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作后置定语。故填trying。
45．考查定语从句。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。此处为非限制定语从句，先行词是 New Year’s Day and Spring Festival，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。
46．Dear Mike,
How is it going I am writing to invite you to take part in an upcoming “Taste of Chinese Tea” event. Given your interest, I believe it will be a great chance for you to encounter Chinese tea culture.
A variety of activities will be held in our school sportsground next Friday. First, you can appreciate delicate tea sets. Additionally, an engaging prize-giving quiz will satisfy your curiosity about the history of Chinese tea. Finally, you are welcome to enjoy a steaming cup of tea alongside snacks with other participants.
Hopefully you will experience the richness of Chinese tea culture.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Mike写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。其内容包括：发出邀请和介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of
首先：first→to begin with
最终：finally→eventually
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, you can appreciate delicate tea sets.
拓展句：First, you can appreciate delicate tea sets, which is a feast for the eyes.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing to invite you to take part in an upcoming “Taste of Chinese Tea” event.（运用了动词不定式作宾语补足语）
[高分句型2] Given your interest, I believe it will be a great chance for you to encounter Chinese tea culture.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句）
47． Soon after, the race started. While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. Minutes later, I already felt tired. However, to encourage those in need, I tried to show the best of me, without worrying about the result. I kept moving forward as fast as I could. After most runners finished the race, I finally made it to the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied. Shortly after the race, the award ceremony began and several awards were presented.
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced. Confused and excited, I walked up to the winner’s platform and was awarded a medal. As the crowd cheered and clapped loudly, I felt warmth in my heart. After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds. Although I only beat one person, Jim praised me for my determination, courage, and kindness. Honestly, I was proud of myself. This race increased my love for running and my confidence in myself.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者为了支持朋友负责的跑步比赛，来为医院里不幸的病人筹集资金，在比赛中意外地获奖的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句“不久之后，比赛开始了。”可知，跑步比赛开始了，该段描述跑步比赛的情况。
②由第二段首句“然后是最后一个奖项，令我惊讶的是，我的名字被宣布了。”可知，比赛结束了，在颁奖阶段，作者意外地获奖了。
2. 续写线索：不喜欢跑步——参加跑步比赛——完成比赛——获得奖牌
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①超过：pass
②保持前进：keep forward
③欢呼：cheer
情绪类
①疲惫的：tired
②满意的：satisfied
③疑惑的：confused
④兴奋的：excited
【点睛】【高分句型1】While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句)w（运用了）
【高分句型2】After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第一部分阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to “Cash Poor Points Rich”, a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think.
Chengdu, China
If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there's no better city to hit than Chengdu. It is home to pandas and spicy things. Moreover, the city's abundance of cultural and historical sights, together with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself one of the most attractive and livable large cities too. Past travelers have spent, on average, ￥158 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day.
Con Dao, Vietnam
Tourism is picking up in Vietnam lately, where you can travel for about 100 per day if you play your cards right. Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot. Its thick jungle will give you a good chance to uncover a paradise of your own.
Zakynthos, Greece
If you're looking for an affordable European summer beach vacation, consider Zakynthos. Food is cheap and mouthwatering. There are plenty of free things to do. although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are countless options for swimming in the appealing sea, along with charming villages and museums to explore.
New Orleans, U. S.
New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U. S., full of fascinating history, absorbing culture, delicious food, and a constantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students.
1．Which city best suits people who like to meet cheerful natives
A．Chengdu. B．Con Dao.
C．Zakynthos. D．New Orleans.
2．What do Con Dao and Zakynthos have in common
A．Countless local cultures.
B．Free tourist attractions.
C．Impressive sea views.
D．Large charming museums.
3．Who may be the target readers of this passage
A．Parents arranging family trips.
B．Students exploring affordable destinations.
C．Elders looking for quiet destinations.
D．Businessmen seeking high-end hotels.
B
Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up of a group of grandmothers with a strong love for knitting (编织) who tum their love for crafting into a purposeful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pour their collective love into every stitch (针法) they make. The group has been working for over ten years, meeting every Friday, to support organizations that help others, locally and around the world. Over the years, they've crafted thousands of items in support of the important things.
Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stover was inspired to have the group knit hats for infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children's Health Hospital. The hats, each a unique work of art, designed with holiday themes, reflect the skill of the Knit Wits. More importantly, the special of Knit Wits is its understanding of the emotional effect these small objects can have on the infants experiencing medical treatments.
Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children's Health Hospital, explained how the hats are making a difference to the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able to wear the hats on their body to move their smells before placing the hats back on the infants, encouraging connecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.
Throughout the infants' admission, many holidays are celebrated. At times, some infants are seriously ill and unable to dress up for holiday photos the families have planned. Thanks to the donations from Knit Wits, the hospital team is able to prove the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use for their photos and holiday celebrations.
4．What do we know about the hats from paragraph 2
A．They centre on spiritual comfort.
B．They have holiday food subjects.
C．They are knitted by the caregivers
D．They are worn on child parents' birthdays.
5．Why do the caregivers wear the hats first
A．To hold an artistic activity.
B．To see off the recovered patients.
C．To relax the infants for treatments
D．To welcome the arrival of various holidays.
6．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Why some holiday celebrations are held.
B．What the hats can be used as on holidays.
C．Why some special photos are important.
D．What the hats can be matched with.
7．Which of the following can best describe the members of Knit Wits
A．Unsuccessful B．Impractical. C．Warm-hearted D．Dishonest.
C
Vast lands of America are dominated by corn, nearly 100macres of it, stretching from Ohio to the Dakotas. What once was forest today produces the corn that feeds people, cattle and, when made into ethanol (乙醇), cars.
Now, the nation's airlines want to power their planes with corn, too. United Airlines signed a deal with a Nebraska ethanol company to buy enough sustainable fuel, to power 50,000 flights a year. The government could decide on its tax incentives (税收激励) for the industry as soon as December. “Mark my words, the next 20 years, corn farmers are going to provide 95% of all the sustainable airline fuel,” President Biden said in July.
The airlines' ambitious goal would likely require nearly doubling ethanol production, which airlines say, with great expectation, would decrease their greenhouse gas emissions. If they succeed, it could transform America's Corn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanol producers, but potentially further damaging one of the nation's most important resources: groundwater.
Corn requires a lot of water to grow and it can take hundreds of gallons to produce a single gallon of ethanol. But as airlines take the idea of ethanol, the vital groundwater faces serious risks. “We're on track to massively increase water usage without any real sense of how sensitive our groundwater is,” said Jeffrey Broberg, who is concerned about groundwater in Minnesota, a major corn state.
The Department of Energy said in a statement that “water use is a critical part of the conversation surrounding bio-energy sustainability”. It pointed to a 2022 department study that concluded that the United States could significantly reduce pressure on groundwater by shifting fuel production away from water-intensive crops like corn, instead growing more crops that don't require irrigation (灌溉), like various types of straw, grasses and trees.
Hopefully, a better approach will be soon studied and adopted.
8．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．Farmers will increase 95% of their ethanol production.
B．The sustainable fuel will not be popular in the future.
C．Corn will be an influential source in the fuel industry.
D．The government stops the new fuel for the groundwater.
9．What does the underlined word “stimulating” mean in paragraph 3
A．Preventing. B．Motivating. C．Destroying. D．Impressing.
10．What is the potential risk of the increased use of ethanol in fuel
A．The shortage of corn production.
B．The increase in global warming.
C．A rise in clean-energy tax credits.
D．Higher stress on the groundwater.
11．What did the 2022 study suggest according to the last paragraph
A．Expand the corn planting area.
B．Use some alternative materials.
C．Cut down the daily water usage.
D．Turn to the government for help.
D
The design theory behind a pair of tiny robots may one day find its way into environmental monitoring, as well as search and-rescue tasks. Modeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the two robots each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functional micro-robots in the world, according to Washington State University (WSU).
Developed by a team of WSU researchers, the robots' tininess largely relies on a material known as a shape memory alloy (合金). Although shape memory alloys change form when heated, they can “remember” their original shapes and return to them after cooling. Because of this, the two micro-robots do not require standard motors, and they use light and small ones instead of bulky moving parts.
Both the robots' motors are each made up of two shape memory alloys, allowing them to move their fins as fast as 40 times a second while also lifting over 150 times their weight. “They're very technologically sound. The development of the very lightweight robots opens up new possibilities in micro-robotics,” said Conor Trygstad, a material engineering PhD student and study lead author. “Although the robots are impressive when compared to other robots, the pair still fall behind their biological relatives',” Trygstad said. They can currently move at a speed of about six millimeters a second; a water strider, by comparison, speeds along at about a meter per second. For now, the robots also require wired (连线的) power sources, thus seriously preventing any real-world applications for the moment.
Going forward, however, the team plans to copy other small insect species while also creating a new water strider robot which can move at a higher speed. Depending on using small batteries could also greatly increase the robots' areas of use, If the breakthrough designs continue improving, similar micro-robots could one day be employed to monitor hard-to-reachor dangerous environments.
12．What is the inspiration for the two robots
A．A special monitor. B．The lightest micro robot.
C．An insect species. D．A search-and rescue task
13．What does the underlined word “bulky” mean in paragraph 2
A．Cheap. B．Huge. C．Cool D．Fast.
14．What might Conor Trygstad agree with
A．Both robots can identify sound. B．Both robots need wireless power sources.
C．Both robots work better than water striders. D．Both robots have weaknesses besides strengths.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Robots Are Saving Environment B．Shape Memory Alloys Are The Key
C．Human Beings Learn From Animals D．Two Micro robots Can Play A Big Part
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Stay Awake During School
If you've ever pulled an all-nighter or had a bad night of sleep, you know it's difficult to stay awake in class when you're tired So how to keep yourself awake 16________
Taking part in class
17 ______They are great ways to force yourself to stay awake because they require your mind and your body to work together. To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, and pay close attention. Also, group discussions are a great time to keep yourself awake. Try to sit yourself near people who always volunteer in class and have a lot to say in discussion.
Keeping your body active
Walk around before or after class 18 _____For example, go outside during breaks and get your blood moving to keep your body awake. Besides, you can stretch a little in your chair to help you feel refreshed. You can start by rolling your wrists, shoulders, and neck. After you stop moving, you might feel tired again, but it can help a little bit.
19 _____
Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness 20_____ But you should avoid heavy foods right before class as they can make you sleepy. By the way, especially in a class, a bottle of cold water can kick in right when you might start e to class with a bottle of cold water. You'll also get a little energy from the coldness every time you take a drink.
A．Preparing a little bit drinks
B．Staying awake with food and drinks.
C．Here are some creative strategies you can get with
D．Physical activity tells your body it's not time for sleep
E．The food will give you energy and help you stay awake
F．You'll be near people who are more likely to join the class
G．Listen actively to the lesson and discuss with your classmates
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A forest after a wildfire
Throughout my career, I've had many chances to enter various wildfire areas. But I've 21 _____had the opportunity to see the immediate scene after a fire.
So when I 22______ into a recently burned forest, my first reaction was the deathly 23 ___hung in the air. There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises. It felt as if life itself had totally 24_____from this place. What was even worse, the burned-out forest meant that a large amount of 25____ alongside the road was no longer 26 ____by the under-growth (灌木丛) . Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—you name it, and you can find it.
Knowing there was a story here that needed 27 ____ , I raised my camera with a heavy heart, no matter how 28 _____. Photographing burned-out areas is 29 _____ , since there is really only a bunch of burned-out wood. Through my lenses, I sought to connect viewers to the 30 ____of the disaster.
For a nature photographer passionate about environmental protection, it's important to 31____ the ugly as well as the beautiful. We need to put those two things together, so while 32 ______hope, we are aware of what has been taken from us, and how 33_____ that loss can be. Without that balance, we risk becoming used to a world shaped by destruction and not the one of 34_____ . Nature will regenerate, but now, we must consider what 35_____ we humans play in that process, too.
21．A．rarely B．merely C．usually D．possibly
22．A．sank B．ran C．broke D．stepped
23．A．threat B．warning C．silence D．charm
24．A．set apart B．faded away C．spread out D．bounced back
25．A．smoke B．pollution C．trash D．product
26．A．hidden B．protected C．bothered D．held
27．A．writing B．telling C．adapting D．continuing
28．A．painful B．strange C．popular D．dangerous
29．A．appealing B．rewarding C．surprising D．challenging
30．A．description B．cruelty C．impression D．recovery
31．A．remember B．enhance C．confirm D．record
32．A．maintaining B．abandoning C．requiring D．receiving
33．A．inspiring B．refreshing C．damaging D．astonishing
34．A．belief B．fantasy C．imagination D．harmony
35．A．game B．role C．rule D．Idea
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ice and snow warm up winter tourism in Northeast China. Lately, the popularity of ice and snow tourism in Northeast China 36 ____(explode). Major hot springs resorts in Harbin 37_____ (crowd)with traffic jams comparable to the Spring Festival travel rush and travelers from the south of China make up a large part of the tourism crowd.
How do you tell the southerners 38____ northerners Southern Chinese people can be summarized in four characteristics: a light-colored down jacket, a lovely small hat, a suitcase in hand and 39____ (shy)in public bath houses.
Southerners are less prepared for the cold. Some individuals online are providing practical suggestions for these southerners, stressing the need for clothing that 40 _____(protect)them from the freezing outdoor temperatures while ensuring they don’t sweat 41____(heavy)indoors.
In order to promote travel for tourists, Harbin has extended the operating 42 _____(hour)of buses and subways. According to 43____ announcement from the Harbin government, the ice and snow season in Harbin will continue until the end of March 2024. For travelers 44_____ (try)to avoid peak periods, it’s advisable to plan visits after New Year’s Day and Spring Festival, 45 _____tourist traffic is at its peak.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校外教Mike对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可适当增加细节。
Dear Mike,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never a fast runner and thus I always didn’t like running. Throughout my childhood, whenever we competed in the 50-meter run, the 400-meter, or any other type of race, I would finish in the bottom half. In my late teens, as a member of a baseball team, I was the slowest runner on the team. In the preseason training, I was always the one running by myself at the end.
Therefore, twenty years later, when I entered my first official running race — a 3,000-meter challenge in my city — at age 38, I certainly didn’t expect to win or come close to winning.
I was there because my college friend Jim Hosek was the director of the race, and he asked me to run. The race was aimed at raising money for the unfortunate patients in a hospital and encouraging the patients and their families to be brave, determined, and confident with sportsmanship.
It was a heartwarming program.I wanted to support it, so I showed up, paid the entrance fee, had a number pinned (把……别住) on my back, and moved over to the starting line. There, I waited with about 300 other runners for the race to begin. I was nervous. Would I be the last one to finish a race again Could I even finish the race I wondered.
Before long, someone spoke into a microphone, “Anyone weighing over 200 pounds comes down to the scale (秤), please.” Knowing I was over 200 pounds, I walked down to the scale. A man told me to stand on it. “Two hundred and three pounds,” he said. Then he wrote down the race number that was on my back. Out of curiosity, I asked him why he did so,and then I was told there would be an award ceremony (仪式) after the race. One award was for the first finisher in the over 200-pound group, and this special award would be announced at the end of the ceremony.
Not expecting the award, I ran towards the starting line, never realizing there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds.
Paragraph 1:
Soon after, the race started.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
全解全析
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花最少的钱实现旅游。
1．细节理解题。根据原文Chengdu, China部分中提到的“If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu.(如果您想去一个有快乐当地人的地方，那么没有比成都更好的城市了。)”可知，成都是最适合想要遇见悠闲、无忧无虑本地人的人。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Con Dao,Vietnam(越南昆岛)部分的 “Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot.(孔岛国家公园是南部海岸附近的一组引人注目的小岛，是徒步探索该地区时看到海龟和其他野生动物的好去处。)”及Zakynthos, Greece部分的“There are plenty of free things to do, although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water.(这里有很多免费的事情可以做，尽管最受欢迎的是在蔚蓝的海水边美丽的海滩上度过时光。)”可知，两地都可以看到迷人的海景。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段提及“…a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. (……一个旅游博客，致力于分享信用卡积分和里程的使用经验，帮助您花小钱享受大旅游。只要计划得当，最大限度地利用现有资源，大学生旅行可能比你想象的要容易得多。)以及每段中都体现出该旅游地的实惠和便宜。因此推断探索经济实惠的目的地的学生最有可能是目标读者，故选 B。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。Knit Wits是一个由一群奶奶组成的非营利组织，这群奶奶为Children’s Health Hospital患有心脏病的幼儿送上她们手工编织的帽子。这些幼儿可以戴上帽子庆祝节假日和拍照。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stover was inspired to have the group knit hats for infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children’s Health Hospital, The hats, each a unique work of art, designed with holiday themes, reflect the skill of the Knit Wits. More importantly, the special of Knit Wits is its understanding of the emotional effect these small objects can have on the infants experiencing medical treatments.(最近，Knit Wits的成员Mary Ann Stover受到启发，为儿童健康医院患有心脏病的婴儿患者编织帽子。每顶帽子都是独特的艺术品，以节日主题设计，反映了Knit Wits的技能。更重要的是，Knit Wits的特别之处在于它理解这些小物件对正在接受治疗的婴儿的情感影响)”可知，这些帽子的作用主要是安抚幼儿。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children’s Health Hospital, explained how the hats are making a difference to the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able to wear the hats on their body to move their smells before placing the hats back on the infants, encouraging connecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.(Bealle是儿童健康医院的认证儿童生活专家，他解释了这些帽子是如何对小病人和他们的家庭产生影响的。他说:“看护人可以先把帽子戴在身上，然后再把帽子戴回婴儿身上，这样可以促进联系，减轻婴儿的压力。”)”可知，照料者先戴帽子的是让接受治疗的幼儿放松。故选C项。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Throughout the infants’ admission, many holidays are celebrated. At times, some infants are seriously ill and unable to dress up for holiday photos the families have planned. Thanks to the donations from Knit Wits, the hospital team is able to prove the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use for their photos and holiday celebrations.(在婴儿入院期间，人们庆祝许多节日。有时，一些婴儿病得很严重，无法为家人计划的节日照片打扮。多亏了Knit Wits的捐赠，医院团队才能够为家庭提供合适的主题婴儿帽，供他们拍照和节日庆祝)”可知，本段的主要内容是这些帽子在节日里的作用。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up of a group of grandmothers with a strong love for knitting (编织) who tum their love for crafting into a purposeful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pour their collective love into every stitch (针法) they make. The group has been working for over ten years, meeting every Friday, to support organizations that help others, locally and around the world. Over the years, they’ve crafted thousands of items insupport of the important things.(总部位于达拉斯的Knit Wits由一群对编织有着强烈热爱的祖母组成，她们将对手工艺的热爱转化为有目的的尝试。他们定期见面，把集体的爱倾注到他们做的每一件事上。该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织。多年来，她们精心制作了数千件物品来支持重要的事情)”以及纵观全文可知，Knit Wits的成员是一群祖母组成，该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织，所以她们是热心的。故选C项。
8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲现在美国的航空公司希望用玉米为飞机提供动力。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“What once was forest today produces the corn that feeds people, cattle and, when made into ethanol(乙醇), cars.(昔日的森林如今变成了玉米地，可以供养人、养牛，在玉米制成乙醇后，还能为汽车提供燃料。)”和第二段中的“ Now, the nation’s airlines want to power their planes with corn, too.(现在，美国的航空公司也想用玉米为飞机提供燃料。)”可知，玉米将成为燃料工业中有影响力的来源。故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The airlines’ ambitious goal would likely require nearly doubling ethanol production, which airlines say, with great expectation, would decrease their greenhouse gas emissions. If they succeed, it could transform America’s Corn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanol producers, but potentially further damaging one of the nation’s most important resources: groundwater.(航空公司雄心勃勃的目标可能需要将乙醇产量增加近一倍，航空公司满怀期望地表示，乙醇产量将减少温室气体排放。如果他们成功了，这可能会改变美国的玉米带， 农民和乙醇生产商，但可能会进一步损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水。)”以及从该词后的 but可知， stimulating 和后文的“damaging one of the nation’s most important resources: groundwater.(损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水)”构成转折关系，所以猜测 stimulating应表示“刺激”。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Corn requires a lot of water to grow and it can take hundreds of gallons to produce a single gallon of ethanol. But as airlines take the idea of ethanol, the vital groundwater faces serious risks. (玉米的生长需要大量的水，而生产一加仑乙醇可能需要数百加仑的水。但随着航空公司采用乙醇的想法，重要的地下水面临着严重的风险。)”可知，燃料中乙醇使用增加的潜在风险是对地下水的压力更大。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It pointed to a 2022 department study that concluded that the United States could significantly reduce pressure on groundwater by shifting fuel production away from water-intensive crops like corn, instead growing more crops that don’t require irrigation(灌溉), like various types of straw, grasses and trees. Hopefully, a better approach will be soon studied and adopted.(它指出，2022年国务院的一项研究得出结论，美国可以通过将燃料生产从玉米等耗水作物转向种植更多不需要灌溉的作物，如各种类型的秸秆、草和树木，来显著减轻地下水压力。希望不久将研究并采用一种更好的方法。)”可知，2022年的研究建议使用一些替代材料来生产燃料。故选B项。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Modeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the two robots each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functional micro-robots in the world, according to Washington State University (WSU).(根据华盛顿州立大学的说法，这两个机器人以水黾和昆虫为模型，各重8毫克和55毫克，可能是世界上最小、最轻、最快的全功能微型机器人)”可知，这两个机器人的灵感是昆虫种类。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“the two micro-robots do not require standard motors, and they use light and small ones instead of”可知，这两个微型机器人不需要标准的马达，它们使用轻而小的马达代替巨大沉重的运动部件。故划线词意思是“巨大的”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段““Although the robots are impressive when compared to other robots, the pair still fall behind their biological relatives’,” Trygstad said. They can currently move at a speed of about six millimeters a second; a water strider, by comparison, speeds along at about a meter per second.(特里格斯塔德说：“尽管与其他机器人相比，这两个机器人令人印象深刻，但它们仍然落后于它们的生物学亲戚。”它们目前的移动速度约为每秒6毫米；相比之下，水黾的速度约为每秒一米)”可知，Conor Trygstad认为两个机器人除了优点之外都有缺点。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The design theory behind a pair of tiny robots may one day find its way into environmental monitoring, as well as search and-rescue tasks.(一对微型机器人背后的设计理论可能有一天会用于环境监测，以及搜索和救援任务)”结合文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。可知，D选项“两个微型机器人可以大有作为”最符合文章标题。故选D。
16．C 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们在课堂上能够保持清醒。
16．根据空前的“So how to keep yourself awake (那么如何让自己保持清醒呢？)”可知，空前提出疑问“如何保持清醒？”。而下文则介绍了一些具体的保持清醒的方法。选项C“Here are some creative strategies you can get with(这里有一些你可以采用的创意策略)”承上启下，即承接上文回答了疑问，同时引出下文的具体策略。故选C。
17．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文的“They are great ways to force yourself to stay awake because they require your mind and your body to work together. To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, and pay close attention. Also, group discussions are a great time to keep yourself awake. Try to sit yourself near people who always volunteer in class and have a lot to say in discussion.(它们是强迫自己保持清醒的好方法，因为它们需要你的大脑和身体一起工作。为了有效地听老师讲课，你应该试着保持目光接触，面对演讲者，并集中注意力。此外，小组讨论是让你保持清醒的好时机。试着坐在那些总是主动在课堂上发言，在讨论中有很多话要说的人旁边)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上课时需要专注，同时参加小组讨论。选项G“Listen actively to the lesson and discuss with your classmates(积极听讲，与同学讨论)”与本段内容相符。故选G。
18．根据空前的“Walk around before or after class(课前或课后四处走走)”可知，作者建议课前课后多走动。选项D“Physical activity tells your body it’s not time for sleep(运动告诉你的身体现在不是睡觉的时候)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是课前课后多走动，会告诉自己的身体现在不是睡觉的时候。这样有助于课堂上保持清醒。故选D。
19．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”以及“By the way, especially in a class, a bottle of cold water can kick in right when you might start e to class with a bottle of cold water. You’ll also get a little energy from the coldness every time you take a drink.(顺便说一下，尤其是在课堂上，一瓶冷水可能会在你开始睡觉的时候起作用。带一瓶冷水来上课。每次你喝水的时候，你也会从寒冷中获得一点能量)”可知，一日三餐以及喝冷水有助于我们保持清醒。选项B“Staying awake with food and drinks.(吃饱喝足保持清醒)”与本段内容相符。故选B。
20．根据空前的“Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”可知，空前讲述的是一日三餐有助于我们保持清醒。选项E“The food will give you energy and help you stay awake(食物会给你能量，帮助你保持清醒)”是上文内容的自然延续，解释了为什么每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助我们对抗疲劳，从而保持清醒。故选E。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了作者进入一片最近被烧毁的森林，看到了被大火烧毁后的景象，作者感悟人类应该意识到自然界的平衡以及在这个过程中发挥应有的作用。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。A. rarely很少；B. merely仅仅；C. usually通常；D. possibly可能。根据上文“Throughout my career, I’ve had many chances to enter various wildfire areas.(在我的职业生涯中，我有很多机会进入不同的野火地区)”以及but表示转折，可知，作者很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. sank下沉；B. ran奔跑；C. broke打破；D. stepped踏入。根据上文“enter various wildfire areas”以及后文“into a recently burned forest”此处指走进一片最近被烧毁的森林。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. threat威胁；B. warning警告；C. silence沉默；D. charm魅力。根据后文“There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，被烧毁的森林里只有沉默，没有声音。故选C。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：感觉好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。A. set apart分开；B. faded away消失；C. spread out分散开；D. bounced back迅速恢复。根据上文“There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，没有任何声音，就好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. smoke烟雾；B. pollution污染；C. trash垃圾；D. product产品。根据后文“Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—you name it, and you can find it.(油罐、玻璃、塑料袋——你能想到的，你都能找到)”可知，此处指灌木丛下的垃圾被显露出来。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. hidden隐藏；B. protected保护；C. bothered麻烦；D. held举行。根据后文“by the under-growth”可知，这些垃圾本来被灌木丛所隐藏，因为大火被显露出来。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. writing写；B. telling告诉；C. adapting改编；D. continuing继续。根据上文“there was a story here that needed”指讲述故事应用动词tell。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. painful痛苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“with a heavy heart”可知，作者看到这一幕感到心痛，还是举起了相机。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拍摄被烧毁的地区是具有挑战性的，因为实际上只有一堆被烧毁的木头。A. appealing吸引人的；B. rewarding值得的；C. surprising惊人的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据后文“since there is really only a bunch of burned-out wood”可知，被烧毁的地区只有一堆被烧毁的木头，因此拍摄这些地方让摄影具有挑战性，故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我的镜头，我试图将观众与灾难的残酷联系起来。A. description描述；B. cruelty残酷；C. impression印象；D. recovery恢复。根据上文“There were no birds, no breeze caught in the leaves of a tree, or animal noises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”以及后文“of the disaster”可知，此处指火灾的残酷，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一个热爱环境保护的自然摄影师来说，记录美丽的同时也记录丑陋的东西是很重要的。A. remember记得；B. enhance加强；C. confirm确认；D. record记录。根据上文“a nature photographer”可知，作者是自然摄影师，所以记录美丽的同时也要记录丑陋的东西。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. maintaining维持；B. abandoning抛弃；C. requiring需要；D. receiving收到。根据后文“hope, we are aware of what has been taken from us”可知，保持希望的同时也要意识到我们失去了什么，故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. refreshing令人耳目一新的；C. damaging破坏的；D. astonishing惊人的。根据后文“that loss can be”以及上文作者进入被烧毁地区的所见，可知应该意识到损失多么惊人，故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种平衡，我们就有可能习惯于一个充满破坏而非和谐的世界。A. belief信念；B. fantasy幻想；C. imagination想象力；D. harmony和谐。题干中提到“not the one of destruction”，即不是破坏的世界，因此与之相对的是和谐的世界，即“harmony”。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然会再生，但现在，我们必须考虑我们人类在这个过程中也扮演了什么角色。A. game游戏；B. role角色；C. rule规则；D. idea想法。根据后文“we humans play in that process”指人类在过程中扮演的角色，短语为play role in。故选B。
36．has exploded 37．are crowded 38．from 39．shyness 40．protects 41．heavily 42．hours 43．an 44．trying 45．when
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲冰雪为中国东北的冬季旅游带来了温暖。最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。
36．考查时态。句意：最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，the popularity of ice and snow tourism in Northeast China，为第三人称单数形式，与explode为主动关系，再根据时间状语Lately可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has exploded。
37．考查时态语态。句意：哈尔滨的主要温泉度假胜地挤满了交通堵塞，与春节旅游高峰相当，来自中国南方的游客在旅游人群中占了很大一部分。 分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，Major hot springs resorts与crowd为被动关系，且这里时态应与本句后面make保持一致，用一般现在时。故填are crowded。
38．考查介词。句意：你如何区分南方人和北方人？分析句子可知，这里考查tell A from B表“区分或辨别A与B”，为固定搭配。故填from。
39．考查名词。句意：中国南方人可以概括为四个特点：浅色羽绒服，可爱的小帽子，手里拿着手提箱，在公共澡堂里害羞。分析句子可知，本空应该填shy的名词形式 shyness与前面的“ a lovely small hat, a suitcase in hand”并列，且shyness为不可数名词，符合句意。故填shyness。
40．考查主谓一致。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空是定语从句中的谓语，时态应用一般现在时表客观事实，其单复数形式要根据先行词判断。先行词 clothing 是不可数名词，故用单数形式。故填protects。
41．考查副词。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空用副词 heavily作状语修饰动词sweat，意为“出很多汗”。故填heavily。
42．考查名词复数。句意：为了促进游客出行，哈尔滨延长了公共汽车和地铁的运营时间。operating hours 指的是“营业时间”，此处 hour需要用复数形式。故填hours。
43．考查冠词。句意：根据哈尔滨市政府的公告，哈尔滨的冰雪季节将持续到2024年3月底。此处指的是关于冰雪季时间的一项公告，因此选用不定冠词，且announcement为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
44．考查非谓语。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，travelers与try为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作后置定语。故填trying。
45．考查定语从句。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。此处为非限制定语从句，先行词是 New Year’s Day and Spring Festival，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。
46．Dear Mike,
How is it going I am writing to invite you to take part in an upcoming “Taste of Chinese Tea” event. Given your interest, I believe it will be a great chance for you to encounter Chinese tea culture.
A variety of activities will be held in our school sportsground next Friday. First, you can appreciate delicate tea sets. Additionally, an engaging prize-giving quiz will satisfy your curiosity about the history of Chinese tea. Finally, you are welcome to enjoy a steaming cup of tea alongside snacks with other participants.
Hopefully you will experience the richness of Chinese tea culture.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Mike写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。其内容包括：发出邀请和介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of
首先：first→to begin with
最终：finally→eventually
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, you can appreciate delicate tea sets.
拓展句：First, you can appreciate delicate tea sets, which is a feast for the eyes.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing to invite you to take part in an upcoming “Taste of Chinese Tea” event.（运用了动词不定式作宾语补足语）
[高分句型2] Given your interest, I believe it will be a great chance for you to encounter Chinese tea culture.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句）
47． Soon after, the race started. While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way. Minutes later, I already felt tired. However, to encourage those in need, I tried to show the best of me, without worrying about the result. I kept moving forward as fast as I could. After most runners finished the race, I finally made it to the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied. Shortly after the race, the award ceremony began and several awards were presented.
Then came the last award, and to my surprise, my name was announced. Confused and excited, I walked up to the winner’s platform and was awarded a medal. As the crowd cheered and clapped loudly, I felt warmth in my heart. After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds. Although I only beat one person, Jim praised me for my determination, courage, and kindness. Honestly, I was proud of myself. This race increased my love for running and my confidence in myself.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者为了支持朋友负责的跑步比赛，来为医院里不幸的病人筹集资金，在比赛中意外地获奖的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句“不久之后，比赛开始了。”可知，跑步比赛开始了，该段描述跑步比赛的情况。
②由第二段首句“然后是最后一个奖项，令我惊讶的是，我的名字被宣布了。”可知，比赛结束了，在颁奖阶段，作者意外地获奖了。
2. 续写线索：不喜欢跑步——参加跑步比赛——完成比赛——获得奖牌
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①超过：pass
②保持前进：keep forward
③欢呼：cheer
情绪类
①疲惫的：tired
②满意的：satisfied
③疑惑的：confused
④兴奋的：excited
【点睛】【高分句型1】While I was running, I saw many runners pass me on the way.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句)w（运用了）
【高分句型2】After the ceremony, I learned from my friend Jim that there were only two runners weighing over 200 pounds.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）