双石中学2023—2024学年度上学期期中考试英语试题
注意事项：
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Writer: Lewis Carroll Price:￥25(in bookstores)￥20(online) Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is an English novel published in 1865. At the beginning, the book was not written for all people but for a little girl. On a summer day, the writer. Carroll made a short trip up the Thames River and told the story of Alice. The young girl falls down a rabbit hole and goes on unimaginable adventures into a wonderland.
Peter Pan Writer: J.M. Bairie in Scotland Price:￥15((in bookstores)￥12(online) It is a children’s story full of imagination and adventures, which is about Wendy, Joan, and Michael Darling’s adventures in Never Land with Peter Pan, the boy who would not grow up. The children are happy and lovely.(with 2 tapes磁带)
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Writer: Harriet Beecher Stowe Price:￥20(in bookstores)￥16(online) The most famous novel in American history, Uncle Tom’s Cabin talks about the fight between free states and slave states during the American Civil War and is as popular today as when it first came out more than 150 years ago.
The Secret Garden Writer: Frances Hodgson Burnett in America Price:￥35(in bookstores)￥30(online) Mary Lennox, a sick girl, finds herself in her uncle’s dark house. Why are so many rooms locked Why is one of the gardens locked And what is that crying she hears at night Through the power of hope, friendship, and the magic of nature, the brave girl brings the house and a long-lost garden back to life.
21. What can we learn from the passage
A. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written about one and a half centuries ago
B. Peter Pan tells a story about four sad boys
C. The Secret Garden is the cheapest of the four
D. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is with 2 tapes
22. Among the four books, which one can we enjoy the sound besides reading it if you buy one
A. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. B. The Secret Garden.
C. Uncle Tom’s Cabin D. Peter Pan.
23. If Lucy wants to buy every one of the four books online instead of in the bookstores how much can she save
A. ￥17. B. ￥20. C. ￥27. D. ￥30.
B
When you set a foot outside of your door to drop trash, go to a social event or go for a walk, thoughts like “I hope I don’t see anyone I know” or “please don’t talk to me” may run through your mind. I’ve also said such things to myself. Sometimes the last thing you want to do is to talk with someone, especially someone new.
Why do we go out of our ways to avoid people Do we think meeting new people is a waste of time Or are we just lazy, thinking that meeting someone new really is a trouble
Communication is the key to life. We have been told that many times. Take the past generations, like our parents, for example. They seem to take full advantage of that whole “communication” idea because they grew up talking face to face while Generation-Y grew up staring at screens. We spend hours of our days sitting on Facebook. We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don’t have the courage to actually do in reality.
Nowadays, we are so caught up in our little circle of friends — our comfort zone. We love it that they laugh at our jokes, understand our feelings and can read our minds. Most importantly, they know when we want to be alone. They just get us.
Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don’t actually believe and being someone you think they want you to be — it is, as I said before, a trouble. It takes up so much energy, and at some point or another, it is too tiring.
But meeting new people is important. Life is too short, so meet all the people you can meet, make the effort to go out and laugh. Remember, every “hello” leads to a smile — and a smile is worth a lot.
24. What do we learn about the author
A. He likes to be alone. B. He feels nervous lately.
C He’s afraid of talking to others at times. D. He’s active in attending social events.
25. What’s the problem of Generation-Y in the author’s eyes
A. They rely on the Internet to socialize.
B. They are less confident in themselves.
C. They have difficulty in communicating.
D. They are unwilling to make new friends.
26. Why do many young people avoid meeting new people
A. They fear to disappoint their old friends.
B. They want to take time to do meaningful work
C. They are busy with their study.
D. They think it troublesome.
27. Why does the author write the text
A. To tell about the importance of friends.
B. To encourage people to meet new people.
C. To give tips on how to meet new people.
D. To introduce the disadvantages of Generation-Y.
C
Waiting for the bus every morning and going to school has never been better for Ryder Killam, a 5-year-old boy in a wheelchair from Westerly, Rhode Island who was born with disability (残疾) .He no longer has to wait for the school bus in the open air thanks to Westerly High School students.
The goal of the boy’s father, Tim Killam, was to keep his little kid protected from the bad weather while waiting for the bus every morning, and getting some kind of shelter (避雨处) was actually his idea. He asked for an unused bus shelter on Facebook. After not being able to find a suitable one, he decided to contact the high school which had already finished several building projects.
The students from Westerly High School construction (建造) class, among whom is one of Ryder’s brothers, quickly put their hands to work. The bus stop was designed by pupil Mason Heald, who was in regular contact with the Killams for feedback.
The construction class, led by Dan McKenna, teaches its members building skills and is part of the high school’s Career and Technical Education programme.
“This was a design to final products and delivery (传送;递送) .It’s the best we could have asked for. It’s really what these programmes should be about,” said Michael Hobin, Westerly High School’s principal (校长) .
More people from the local community chipped in to help make the project happen. One of McKenna’s former students transported(运输)the shelter from the high school to the Killams’ address with his truck. And another neighbour helped to properly position the shelter by the bus stop.
Not only did Ryder’s daily life improve, but the students also learnt an unforgettable life lesson. They saw that with their skills and knowledge they can make a real difference in someone else’s life.
28. Why did Tim Killam turn to a high school for help
A. Few people helped him. B. The school was close to him.
C. He couldn’t find a right shelter. D. His son put forward the suggestion.
29. Who might be a teacher
A. Ryder Killam. B. Tim Killam. C. Dan McKenna. D. Mason Heald.
30. What does the underlined phrase “chipped in” in paragraph 6 mean
A. Joined in. B. Got hungry. C. Kept an eye on. D. Fought over.
31. What’s the author’s attitude to what people did in building the shelter
A. Amazed. B. Appreciative. C. Unclear. D. Doubtful.
D
Diners in Japan could soon be able to taste the flavour of a bowl of soup without having to worry about their salt intake.
In what they claim is a world first, researchers have developed chopsticks that artificially create the taste of salt, as part of efforts to reduce sodium (钠) levels in some of the country’s most popular dishes.
The chopsticks work by using electrical stimulation (刺激) and a mini-computer worn on the eater’s wristband. The device (设备) transmits sodium ions (离子) from food, through the chopsticks, to the mouth where they create a sense of saltiness, according to Homei Miyashita, a professor at Meiji University in Tokyo, whose laboratory developed the device. The team said they hoped to make the chopsticks available to consumers (消费者) next year. Miyashita said, “Our device could find large consumers in Japan, where the traditional diet tends to be high in salt due to the use of ingredients such as soy sauce (酱油).”
The average Japanese adult consumes about 10 grams of salt a day, double the amount recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The health ministry has proposed reducing daily salt intake to a maximum of 7.5 grams for men and 6.5 grams for women.
The chopsticks use “very weak electricity — not enough to affect the human body — to adjust the function of ions to change the perception of taste by making food seem to taste stronger or weaker“, Kirin said in a statement. Miyashita and Kirin said clinical tests on people who follow a low-sodium diet had confirmed that the device increases the salty taste of low-sodium food by about 1.5 times. They said participants given reduced-salt soup had commented on the improved ”richness, sweetness and overall tastiness“ of the dish.
High salt intake can contribute to high blood pressure, which is the single biggest cause of heart attacks and strokes. “To prevent these diseases, we need to reduce the amount of salt we take,” said Kirin researcher Ai Sato. “If we try to avoid taking more salt in a conventional way, we would need to bear the pain of cutting our favourite food from our diet, or bear eating tasteless food.”
32. What can we know about the chopsticks
A. They are difficult to use.
B. They are already on the market now.
C. They will affect the human body seriously.
D. They are different from traditional chopsticks.
33. What did Miyashita think of the future market of their device
A. Promising. B. Hopeless. C. Worrying. D. Unpredictable.
34. What’s the daily amount of salt recommended by WHO every adult
A. About 10 grams. B. About 7.5 grams. C. About 6.5 grams. D. About 5 grams.
35. What’s the best title of the text
A. Traditional Japanese Diet Is High in Salt
B. High Salt Intake Can Result in Many Diseases
C. Japanese People Keep Fit by Using a New Device
D. “Electric” Chopsticks Can Make Food Seem More Salty
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Find it hard to get started Try these suggestions to help you rise and shine — and be effective from morning till night.
● Get up earlier
Sleeping in can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. ____36____ .
● Have a good stretch in bed
Before you even open your eyes, stretch every extremity (四肢) for 15 seconds. Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. ____37____. End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed. By doing this, you will enhance the flow of blood through your system, providing your tissues with extra oxygen.
●____38____
The fewer choices you have to make, the better. Before going to bed, decide what you’re going to wear, work out which route you’ll take to work and what you’ll pack in your bag.
● Consult your morning calendar
Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you’re doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea. ____39____.
● Get moving
____40____. But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day.
A. Plan ahead
B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs
C. It will help you to structure your day
D. Spend less time choosing things when packing
E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed quickly
F. If you’re a night owl, an early morning jog might sound like punishment
G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节、完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Four years ago, I felt great joy after freeing myself from one of those 2-mile gym fitness runs.I ___41___ running with a passion (热情), it was just something that never came ___42___ to me. At that time, I never ___43___ that I would one day run a marathon.
Everything ___44___ when I met my neighbor Mrs. Gray. She was fifty years old, going through cancer and still _____45_____ to run 30 miles a week. Encouraged by her, I thought I could run at least one or two. In February, I started to walk a 2-mile route (路线) and would ___46___ to add in a short distance of running. Two months later, I finished 6 miles. I felt ___47___, but I felt great.
Over the next several years, I continued to push each run for a few extra minutes. The physical and mental fight never stopped, ___48___ I loved every minute of these runs. I didn't need to compete against other runners. For me, the ____49____ competitor was myself.
Slowly, I ___50___ entering some local road races. After continuing to ___51___ myself and finishing two half marathons, I ___52___ I would train for the Detroit Free Press/ Flagstar Bank Marathon. My summer was filled with many long 6 AM runs to beat the summer heat. I loved my ___53___. I knew I was finally on the road to success.
Race day finally came, and I was filled with ___54___. The experience was hard but it ended up being unbelievable. As I crossed the finish line, I experienced the strongest sense of ___55___ I ever had in my life
41. A. stopped B. considered C. hated D. avoided
42. A. early B. easily C. quickly D. naturally
43. A. forgot B. understood C. doubted D. imagined
44. A. changed B. worked C. happened D. began
45. A. managed B. required C. agreed D. planned
46. A. regret B. try C. ask D. pretend
47. A. bored B. shy C. fearful D. tired
48. A. but B. so C. unless D. because
49. A. strangest B. most important C. most dangerous D. smallest
50. A. minded B. suggested C. missed D. started
51. A. challenge B. question C. protect D. express
52. A. noticed B. worried C. decided D. reported
53. A. achievement B. neighbor C. schedule D. training
54. A. sadness B. excitement C. anger D. relaxation
55. A. peace B. safety C. pride D. humor
第二节、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分;满分15分)
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词正确的完全形式(每空限写一词)。
56. Not only were his skills ______ (impress), but also his performance was very excellent in the last season. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. The young man ______ (volunteer) to help the children in a primary school learn English two days a week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. Few people in America knew the poor village, ______ they (变成反意疑问句)
59. By 1963, the Beatles has been ________ (extreme) popular in England. （所给词的适当形式填空）
60. When it comes to technology and health care, opportunities and ______ (challenge) come together. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61. Our knowledge of the disease ______ (advance) a lot in recent years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. As ______(schedule), we will have English Talent show in the school hall. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. The book was so interesting that I strongly recommended that we ____ (share) it with others. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64. Football is much _______ (interest) than basketball. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65. There were several badminton ______ (compete) in the school stadium the next week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. The headmaster came into the lab, _______ (follow) by some foreign guests. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. No one wants to take _________ for the problem. (responsible) (所给词的适当形式填空)
68. China is going to set up an international ________ (organize). (所给词的适当形式填空)
69. No matter what difficulties we are faced with; we always have the _______ to solve them. (determine) (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. I don’t know what Mr. Smith said in class because the question was beyond my _________ (recognize). (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三节、语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The average cost of raising a child until the age of 18 was 485,000 yuan in China in 2019, ____71____ is higher than many countries including the US, France, Germany and Japan. ____72____ (compare) with 13 other countries in Europe, Asia and America, China ranked the second among all these countries in expense of raising a child to the age of 18. The report said that is one of the main reasons stopping couples from considering ____73____ (have) a child. Experts warn China’s aging population will put pressure ____74____ the health and social safety systems. The decreasing birth rate will ___75___ (deep) affect China’s economic growth and ___76___ (it) welfare problems.
New policies in 2021 encourage families ___77___(have) up to three children, but China’s birth rate dropped to 7.52 births per 1, 000 people in the same year. That is the lowest since the National Bureau of Statistics began recording the information in 1949.
Three major ways — cash rewards, housing subsidies (补贴) and baby care centers ___78___ (expect) to improve China’s birthrate. Some areas ___79___(give) couples money for having ______80______ second or third child since 2021.
第四部分 写作(共一节，满分25分)
第一节(满分25分)
81. 假定你是李华，你和喜欢中国文化的Mike相约元旦假期去旅行。具体事宜由你来安排。请给他写一封邮件，告知其相关情况。内容包括：
1. 旅行目的地，线路；
2. 出行方式；
3. 行程安排等。
注意：写作词数应为100左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua双石中学2023—2024学年度上学期期中考试英语试题
注
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Writer: Lewis Carroll Price:￥25(in bookstores)￥20(online) Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is an English novel published in 1865. At the beginning, the book was not written for all people but for a little girl. On a summer day, the writer. Carroll made a short trip up the Thames River and told the story of Alice. The young girl falls down a rabbit hole and goes on unimaginable adventures into a wonderland.
Peter Pan Writer: J.M. Bairie in Scotland Price:￥15((in bookstores)￥12(online) It is a children’s story full of imagination and adventures, which is about Wendy, Joan, and Michael Darling’s adventures in Never Land with Peter Pan, the boy who would not grow up. The children are happy and lovely.(with 2 tapes磁带)
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Writer: Harriet Beecher Stowe Price:￥20(in bookstores)￥16(online) The most famous novel in American history, Uncle Tom’s Cabin talks about the fight between free states and slave states during the American Civil War and is as popular today as when it first came out more than 150 years ago.
The Secret Garden Writer: Frances Hodgson Burnett in America Price:￥35(in bookstores)￥30(online) Mary Lennox, a sick girl, finds herself in her uncle’s dark house. Why are so many rooms locked Why is one of the gardens locked And what is that crying she hears at night Through the power of hope, friendship, and the magic of nature, the brave girl brings the house and a long-lost garden back to life.
21. What can we learn from the passage
A. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written about one and a half centuries ago
B. Peter Pan tells a story about four sad boys
C. The Secret Garden is the cheapest of the four
D. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is with 2 tapes
22. Among the four books, which one can we enjoy the sound besides reading it if you buy one
A. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. B. The Secret Garden.
C. Uncle Tom’s Cabin D. Peter Pan.
23. If Lucy wants to buy every one of the four books online instead of in the bookstores, how much can she save
A. ￥17. B. ￥20. C. ￥27. D. ￥30.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本不同主题和背景的经典儿童文学作品。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Uncle Tom’s Cabin(汤姆叔叔的小屋)”部分的“The most famous novel in American history, Uncle Tom’s Cabin talks about the fight between free states and slave states during the American Civil War and is as popular today as when it first came out more than 150 years ago(《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是美国历史上最著名的小说，讲述了美国南北战争期间自由州和蓄奴州之间的斗争，在今天和150多年前首次出版时一样受欢迎)”可知，《汤姆叔叔的小屋》写于一个半世纪以前，故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Peter Pan (彼得·潘)”部分的“The children are happy and lovely.(with 2 tapes磁带) (孩子们快乐又可爱。（带2盘磁带）)”可推理出，如果购买《彼得·潘》这本书，我们还能欣赏声音，故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland(爱丽丝漫游奇境记)”部分的“Price:￥25(in bookstores)￥20(online)(价格： 25美元（书店）20美元（网络）)”、“Peter Pan (彼得·潘)”部分的“Price:￥15((in bookstores)￥12(online)(价格：15美元（书店）12美元（网络）)”、“Uncle Tom’s Cabin(汤姆叔叔的小屋)”部分的“Price:￥20(in bookstores)￥16(online)(价格:20美元（书店）16美元（网络）)”、“The Secret Garden(秘密花园)”部分的“Price:￥35(in bookstores)￥30(online)(价格： 35美元（书店）30美元（网络）)”可知，这四部著作每部买一本，从书店买的话需花费：25 + 15 + 20 + 35 = 105美元，从网上买的话需花费：20 + 12 + 16 + 30 = 78美元，可知四本书都从网上买的话，共节约：105 – 78 = 17美元，故选A项。
B
When you set a foot outside of your door to drop trash, go to a social event or go for a walk, thoughts like “I hope I don’t see anyone I know” or “please don’t talk to me” may run through your mind. I’ve also said such things to myself. Sometimes the last thing you want to do is to talk with someone, especially someone new.
Why do we go out of our ways to avoid people Do we think meeting new people is a waste of time Or are we just lazy, thinking that meeting someone new really is a trouble
Communication is the key to life. We have been told that many times. Take the past generations, like our parents, for example. They seem to take full advantage of that whole “communication” idea because they grew up talking face to face while Generation-Y grew up staring at screens. We spend hours of our days sitting on Facebook. We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don’t have the courage to actually do in reality.
Nowadays, we are so caught up in our little circle of friends — our comfort zone. We love it that they laugh at our jokes, understand our feelings and can read our minds. Most importantly, they know when we want to be alone. They just get us.
Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don’t actually believe and being someone you think they want you to be — it is, as I said before, a trouble. It takes up so much energy, and at some point or another, it is too tiring.
But meeting new people is important. Life is too short so meet all the people you can meet, make the effort to go out and laugh. Remember, every “hello” leads to a smile — and a smile is worth a lot.
24. What do we learn about the author
A. He likes to be alone. B. He feels nervous lately.
C. He’s afraid of talking to others at times. D. He’s active in attending social events.
25. What’s the problem of Generation-Y in the author’s eyes
A. They rely on the Internet to socialize.
B. They are less confident in themselves.
C. They have difficulty in communicating.
D. They are unwilling to make new friends.
26. Why do many young people avoid meeting new people
A. They fear to disappoint their old friends.
B. They want to take time to do meaningful work
C. They are busy with their study.
D. They think it troublesome.
27. Why does the author write the text
A. To tell about the importance of friends.
B. To encourage people to meet new people.
C. To give tips on how to meet new people.
D. To introduce the disadvantages of Generation-Y.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了年轻人依赖互联网进行社交活动，不愿与现实中的人进行交往，作者鼓励人们去现实中结交新人。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“I’ve also said such things to myself. Sometimes the last thing you want to do is to talk with someone, especially someone new.(我也对自己说过这样的话。有时你最不想做的一件事就是和某人交谈，尤其是新人。)”可知，作者有时不想与人谈话，尤其是新人。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We spend hours of our days sitting on Facebook. We send messages to our friends and think about all of the things we want to say to certain people that we don’t have the courage to actually do in reality.(我们每天花几个小时坐在Facebook上。我们向朋友发送信息，思考我们想对某些人说的所有事情，而我们在现实中没有勇气真正去做。)”可知，年轻一代人每天把很多时间花在网络上，说一些在现实中没有勇气说的话，由此可知，年轻一代依赖网络进行社交活动。故选A项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Holding a conversation with someone new means agreeing with things that you don’t actually believe and being someone you think they want you to be — it is, as I said before, a trouble.(与新人交谈意味着同意你实际上并不相信的事情，并成为你认为他们希望你成为的人——正如我之前所说，这是一个麻烦。)”可知，他们认为与人交流会是一种麻烦。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段“But meeting new people is important. Life is too short, so meet all the people you can meet, make the effort to go out and laugh. Remember, every “hello” leads to a smile—and a smile is worth a lot.(但结识新朋友很重要。人生苦短，所以遇见所有能遇见的人，努力走出去欢笑。请记住，每一个“你好”都会带来微笑——微笑是很有价值的。)”可知，在前文中介绍了青年一代不愿在现实中交流的原因，最后一段认为，笑对周围的人是值得的，由此可推断，作者写这篇文章目的是鼓励人们去接触新人。故选B项。
C
Waiting for the bus every morning and going to school has never been better for Ryder Killam, a 5-year-old boy in a wheelchair from Westerly, Rhode Island who was born with disability (残疾) .He no longer has to wait for the school bus in the open air thanks to Westerly High School students.
The goal of the boy’s father, Tim Killam, was to keep his little kid protected from the bad weather while waiting for the bus every morning, and getting some kind of shelter (避雨处) was actually his idea. He asked for an unused bus shelter on Facebook. After not being able to find a suitable one, he decided to contact the high school which had already finished several building projects.
The students from Westerly High School construction (建造) class, among whom is one of Ryder’s brothers, quickly put their hands to work. The bus stop was designed by pupil Mason Heald, who was in regular contact with the Killams for feedback.
The construction class, led by Dan McKenna, teaches its members building skills and is part of the high school’s Career and Technical Education programme.
“This was a design to final products and delivery (传送;递送) .It’s the best we could have asked for. It’s really what these programmes should be about,” said Michael Hobin, Westerly High School’s principal (校长) .
More people from the local community chipped in to help make the project happen. One of McKenna’s former students transported(运输)the shelter from the high school to the Killams’ address with his truck. And another neighbour helped to properly position the shelter by the bus stop.
Not only did Ryder’s daily life improve but the students also learnt an unforgettable life lesson. They saw that with their skills and knowledge they can make a real difference in someone else’s life.
28. Why did Tim Killam turn to a high school for help
A. Few people helped him. B. The school was close to him.
C. He couldn’t find a right shelter. D. His son put forward the suggestion.
29. Who might be a teacher
A. Ryder Killam. B. Tim Killam. C. Dan McKenna. D. Mason Heald.
30. What does the underlined phrase “chipped in” in paragraph 6 mean
A. Joined in. B. Got hungry. C. Kept an eye on. D. Fought over.
31. What’s the author’s attitude to what people did in building the shelter
A. Amazed. B. Appreciative. C. Unclear. D. Doubtful.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，一个坐在轮椅上的小男孩，在等待校车时，总要忍受各种恶劣的天气，他的父亲想为儿子创造一个舒适的等车环境，在创造的过程中发生了一个温暖的故事。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After not being able to find a suitable one, he decided to contact the high school which had already finished several building projects.”（在找不到合适的候车亭后，他决定联系这所已经完成了几个建筑项目的高中。）可知，蒂姆·基拉姆求助于一所高中的原因是他找不到合适的避雨处。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The construction class, led by Dan McKenna, teaches its members building skills and is part of the high school’s Career and Technical Education programme.”（该建筑班由Dan McKenna领导，教授成员建筑技能，这是高中职业和技术教育计划的一部分。）可知Dan McKenna是老师。故选C项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线部分后“to help make the project happen”（帮助完成项目）推断出更多来自当地社区的人参与到这个项目中去帮助这个项目的完成，chipped in意为“参与”与joined in意思相同。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Not only did Ryder’s daily life improve, but the students also learnt an unforgettable life lesson.”（不仅是莱德的日常生活有所改善，学生们还学到了一堂难忘的人生课。）可知，这个项目带来了多方面的好处，因此推断作者对人们在建造避雨棚方面的态度是赞赏的。故选B项。
D
Diners in Japan could soon be able to taste the flavour of a bowl of soup without having to worry about their salt intake.
In what they claim is a world first, researchers have developed chopsticks that artificially create the taste of salt, as part of efforts to reduce sodium (钠) levels in some of the country’s most popular dishes.
The chopsticks work by using electrical stimulation (刺激) and a mini-computer worn on the eater’s wristband. The device (设备) transmits sodium ions (离子) from food, through the chopsticks, to the mouth where they create a sense of saltiness, according to Homei Miyashita, a professor at Meiji University in Tokyo, whose laboratory developed the device. The team said they hoped to make the chopsticks available to consumers (消费者) next year. Miyashita said, “Our device could find large consumers in Japan, where the traditional diet tends to be high in salt due to the use of ingredients such as soy sauce (酱油).”
The average Japanese adult consumes about 10 grams of salt a day double the amount recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The health ministry has proposed reducing daily salt intake to a maximum of 7.5 grams for men and 6.5 grams for women.
The chopsticks use “very weak electricity — not enough to affect the human body — to adjust the function of ions to change the perception of taste by making food seem to taste stronger or weaker“, Kirin said in a statement. Miyashita and Kirin said clinical tests on people who follow a low-sodium diet had confirmed that the device increases the salty taste of low-sodium food by about 1.5 times. They said participants given reduced-salt soup had commented on the improved ”richness, sweetness and overall tastiness“ of the dish.
High salt intake can contribute to high blood pressure, which is the single biggest cause of heart attacks and strokes. “To prevent these diseases, we need to reduce the amount of salt we take,” said Kirin researcher Ai Sato. “If we try to avoid taking more salt in a conventional way, we would need to bear the pain of cutting our favourite food from our diet, or bear eating tasteless food.”
32. What can we know about the chopsticks
A. They are difficult to use.
B. They are already on the market now.
C. They will affect the human body seriously.
D. They are different from traditional chopsticks.
33. What did Miyashita think of the future market of their device
A. Promising. B. Hopeless. C. Worrying. D. Unpredictable.
34. What’s the daily amount of salt recommended by WHO every adult
A. About 10 grams. B. About 7.5 grams. C. About 6.5 grams. D. About 5 grams.
35. What’s the best title of the text
A. Traditional Japanese Diet Is High in Salt
B. High Salt Intake Can Result in Many Diseases
C. Japanese People Keep Fit by Using a New Device
D. “Electric” Chopsticks Can Make Food Seem More Salty
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，近日，日本研究人员开发出能增强咸味的电子筷子，可以帮助那些需要减少饮食中钠含量的人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In what they claim is a world first, researchers have developed chopsticks that artificially create the taste of salt(研究人员开发出了一种人工制造盐味的筷子，他们声称这是世界上第一次)”可知，这种筷子不同于传统筷子，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Miyashita said, ‘Our device could find large consumers in Japan, where the traditional diet tends to be high in salt due to the use of ingredients such as soy sauce (酱油).’(Miyashita说：‘我们的设备可能会在日本找到大量消费者，由于使用酱油等配料，日本的传统饮食往往含盐量很高。’)”可知，Miyashita认为这种设备的市场前景是充满希望的，故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The average Japanese adult consumes about 10 grams of salt a day, double the amount recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).(日本成年人平均每天摄入约10克盐，是世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐量的两倍)”可知，世界卫生组织推荐每人每天食盐摄入量为5毫克，故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段“In what they claim is a world first, researchers have developed chopsticks that artificially create the taste of salt, as part of efforts to reduce sodium (钠) levels in some of the country’s most popular dishes.(研究人员发明了一种人工制造盐味的筷子，他们声称这是世界上第一次，这是减少该国一些最受欢迎菜肴中钠含量的努力的一部分)”可知，文章主要讲述日本研究人员开发出能增强咸味的电子筷子，可以帮助那些需要减少饮食中钠含量的人，D项“‘电子’筷子会让食物看起来更咸”为最佳标题，故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Find it hard to get started Try these suggestions to help you rise and shine — and be effective from morning till night.
● Get up earlier
Sleeping in can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. ____36____ .
● Have a good stretch in bed
Before you even open your eyes, stretch every extremity (四肢) for 15 seconds. Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. ____37____. End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed. By doing this, you will enhance the flow of blood through your system, providing your tissues with extra oxygen.
●____38____
The fewer choices you have to make, the better. Before going to bed, decide what you’re going to wear, work out which route you’ll take to work and what you’ll pack in your bag.
● Consult your morning calendar
Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you’re doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea. ____39____.
● Get moving
____40____. But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day.
A. Plan ahead
B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs
C. It will help you to structure your day
D. Spend less time choosing things when packing
E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed quickly
F. If you’re a night owl, an early morning jog might sound like punishment
G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time
【答案】36 G 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让你从早睡到晚都充满活力的几个小技巧。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Sleeping in can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. （睡懒觉是很难改掉的习惯。事实上，它包括两件事——早睡早起。从比平时早15分钟上床睡觉开始，第二天把闹钟设置得比平时早15分钟。）”可知，这里与上文构成顺承关系，是上文提到的方法带来的结果。即通过调整重置自己的睡眠周期。所以G选择项“Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time.（逐渐重置你的睡眠周期，直到你达到你想要的起床时间。）”符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据小标题“Have a good stretch in bed（在床上好好舒展一下）”和前文“Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. （抬起你的手臂，从伸展每根手指开始，接着是你的手，然后是你的手臂。）”和下文“End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed.（最后做一个颈部和背部伸展运动，让你起床。）”可知，这里为承上启下，继续介绍伸展肢体的部位。所以B选项“Move on to your toes, feet and legs. （接着是脚趾、脚和腿。）”符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Before going to bed, decide what you’re going to wear, work out which route you’ll take to work and what you’ll pack in your bag.（在睡觉前，决定好你要穿什么，计划好上班的路线，以及包里要装什么。）”可知，这里列举了我们睡觉前考虑的事情，包括第二天穿的衣服。所以A选项“Plan ahead（提前计划）”作为小标题，符合语境。故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you’re doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea.（在厨房里挂一块大白板。在上面，写下当天你需要知道的一切，从看医生到和朋友在一起做什么。当你喝第一杯咖啡或茶时，仔细检查它。）”可知，这里说明白板的作用，帮助你规划你的一天。所以C选项“It will help you to structure your day.（它将帮助你安排你的一天。）”符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【40题详解】
根据小标题“Get moving（动起来）”和后文“But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day. （但如果你能养成这个习惯，早上锻炼可以给你力量，让你开始新的一天。）”可知，这里介绍晨练的好处。所以E选择项“Morning exercise can get you refreshed quickly. （晨练能让你很快精神焕发。）”符合上下文语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节、完形填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Four years ago, I felt great joy after freeing myself from one of those 2-mile gym fitness runs.I ___41___ running with a passion (热情), it was just something that never came ___42___ to me. At that time, I never ___43___ that I would one day run a marathon.
Everything ___44___ when I met my neighbor Mrs. Gray. She was fifty years old, going through cancer and still _____45_____ to run 30 miles a week. Encouraged by her, I thought I could run at least one or two. In February, I started to walk a 2-mile route (路线) and would ___46___ to add in a short distance of running. Two months later, I finished 6 miles. I felt ___47___, but I felt great.
Over the next several years, I continued to push each run for a few extra minutes. The physical and mental fight never stopped, ___48___ I loved every minute of these runs. I didn't need to compete against other runners. For me, the ____49____ competitor was myself.
Slowly, I ___50___ entering some local road races. After continuing to ___51___ myself and finishing two half marathons, I ___52___ I would train for the Detroit Free Press/ Flagstar Bank Marathon. My summer was filled with many long 6 AM runs to beat the summer heat. I loved my ___53___. I knew I was finally on the road to success.
Race day finally came, and I was filled with ___54___. The experience was hard but it ended up being unbelievable. As I crossed the finish line, I experienced the strongest sense of ___55___ I ever had in my life
41. A. stopped B. considered C. hated D. avoided
42. A. early B. easily C. quickly D. naturally
43. A. forgot B. understood C. doubted D. imagined
44. A. changed B. worked C. happened D. began
45. A. managed B. required C. agreed D. planned
46. A. regret B. try C. ask D. pretend
47. A. bored B. shy C. fearful D. tired
48. A. but B. so C. unless D. because
49. A. strangest B. most important C. most dangerous D. smallest
50. A. minded B. suggested C. missed D. started
51. A. challenge B. question C. protect D. express
52. A. noticed B. worried C. decided D. reported
53. A. achievement B. neighbor C. schedule D. training
54. A. sadness B. excitement C. anger D. relaxation
55. A. peace B. safety C. pride D. humor
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己由不爱跑步到完成马拉松比赛的经历过程。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常讨厌跑步，这对我来说从来都不是一件容易的事。A. stopped停止；B. considered考虑；C. hated厌恶；D. avoided避免。根据前文“Four years ago, I felt great joy after freeing myself from one of those 2-mile gym fitness runs.(四年前，我从一次2英里的健身跑中解脱出来后，感到非常高兴) ”可知，仅仅跑完两英里对于作者来说都是一种解脱，可见作者并不喜欢跑步。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我非常讨厌跑步，这对我来说从来都不是一件容易的事。A. early早；B. easily容易地；C. quickly快速地；D. naturally自然地。由前文“Four years ago, I felt great joy after freeing myself from one of those 2-mile gym fitness runs.(四年前，我从一次2英里的健身跑中解脱出来后，感到非常高兴) ”作者跑完两英里之后的解脱和高兴可知，跑步对于作者来说不是一件容易的事。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，我从未想过有一天我会跑马拉松。A. forgot忘记；B. understood理解；C. doubted怀疑；D. imagined想象。根据前文可知，作者并不喜欢跑步，所以从来没想过会去跑马拉松。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到邻居Mrs. Gray时，一切都改变了。A. changed改变；B. worked起作用；C. happened发生；D. began开始。根据后文“Encouraged by her, I thought I could run at least one or two. (在她的鼓励下，我想我至少可以跑一二英里)”可知，作者在邻居的鼓舞下由不爱跑步变得开始主动跑步，说明事情发生了变化。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她50岁了，患了癌症，仍然设法每周跑30英里。A. managed努力完成；B. required要求；C. agreed同意；D. planned计划。短语manage to表示“设法完成”，根据后文作者受邻居的鼓舞可知，邻居完成了每周30英里的跑步。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：二月份，我开始步行2英里，并尝试增加短距离的跑步。A. regret后悔；B. try尝试；C. ask要求；D. pretend假装。根据故事逻辑可以推知，作者刚开始是步行，后来慢慢地尝试短距离的跑步。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很累，但感觉很棒。A. bored无聊的；B. shy害羞的；C. fearful可怕的；D. tired疲惫的。根据前文“I finished 6 miles(我跑完了6英里)”及本句中的but转折，可知作者跑完6英里后感觉累但也感觉很棒。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：身体和精神上的斗争从未停止过，但我喜欢跑步的每一分钟。A. but但是；B. so所以；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据句意可知，设空处前后两句为转折关系。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，最重要的竞争对手是我自己。A. strangest最陌生的；B. most important最重要的；C. most dangerous最危险的；D. smallest最小的。根据前文“I didn't need to compete against other runners. (我不需要和其他跑步者竞争)”可知，作者将自己视为最大的竞争对手。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我开始参加一些地方公路赛。A. minded在意；B. suggested建议；C. missed错过；D. started开始。根据前文作者开始坚持跑步，结合“entering some local road races(参加地方公路赛)”可知，作者“开始”参加一些比赛。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在继续挑战自我并完成两次半程马拉松后，我决定参加Detroit Free Press/ Flagstar Bank马拉松的训练。A. challenge挑战；B. question询问；C. protect保护；D. express表达。根据“finishing two half marathons(完成两次半程马拉松)”可知，作者挑战了自我。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在继续挑战自我并完成两次半程马拉松后，我决定参加Detroit Free Press/ Flagstar Bank马拉松的训练。A. noticed注意到；B. worried担心；C. decided决定；D. reported汇报。根据前文“finishing two half marathons(完成两次半程马拉松)”可知，在完成两次半程马拉松后，作者决定参加全程马拉松。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢我的训练。A. achievement成就；B. neighbor邻居；C. schedule安排；D. training训练。根据前文讲述的训练内容及出现的提示词“train”可知，作者喜欢这个训练。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛的那天终于到来了，我兴奋不已。A. sadness悲伤；B. excitement兴奋；C. anger生气；D. relaxation放松。根据语境可以推知，比赛终于要开始了，作者很兴奋。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我越过终点线时，我感受到了我一生中最强烈的自豪感。A. peace和平；B. safety安全；C. pride自豪；D. humor幽默。根据“As I crossed the finish line(当我越过终点线)”可知，由最初的几英里到完成半程马拉松，再到完成全程马拉松，作者是感到自豪的。故选C。
【点睛】
第二节、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分;满分15分)
根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词正确的完全形式(每空限写一词)。
56. Not only were his skills ______ (impress), but also his performance was very excellent in the last season. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】impressive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：不仅他的技术令人印象深刻，而且他在上个赛季的表现也非常出色。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词impressive“令人印象深刻的”，作表语。故填impressive。
57. The young man ______ (volunteer) to help the children in a primary school learn English two days a week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】volunteers
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个年轻人自愿帮助一所小学的孩子们学习英语，每周两天。分析句子可知，空处为谓语动词，由two days a week并结合句意可推断，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语the young man是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填volunteers。
58. Few people in America knew the poor village, ______ they (变成反意疑问句)
【答案】did
【解析】
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：在美国很少有人知道这个贫穷的村庄，是吗？反意疑问句的构成是：前肯后否，前否后肯；如果句子中有半否定词few，little，seldom，hardly和全否定词nothing，never等时，反问部分为肯定；该句属于前否后肯，时态是一般过去时，助动词用did，故答案为：did。
59. By 1963, the Beatles has been ________ (extreme) popular in England. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：到1963年的时候，披头士乐队已经在英国非常受欢迎。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语修饰形容词popular，应使用副词形式，故填extremely。
60. When it comes to technology and health care, opportunities and ______ (challenge) come together. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】challenges
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在技术和医疗保健方面，机遇和挑战并存。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词challenge“挑战”，可数名词；呼应上文opportunities可知，应用名词复数形式，作主语。故填challenges。
61. Our knowledge of the disease ______ (advance) a lot in recent years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has advanced
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，我们对这种疾病的了解有了很大的进步。advance“进步”。分析句子结构，该空填谓语动词，由时间状语in recent years可知，时态为现在完成时，主语Our knowledge of the disease是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故答案为has advanced。
62. As ______(schedule), we will have English Talent show in the school hall. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】scheduled
【解析】
【详解】考查状语句的省略。句意：按计划，我们将在学校大厅举行英语才艺表演。在when, while, if, as if, though (或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，如果有it和be动词，可将其省略。结合句意，分析子可知，“As (schedule)”是方式状语从句，原句为“As it was scheduled”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略it was后，应保留过去分词scheduled。故填scheduled。
63. The book was so interesting that I strongly recommended that we ____ (share) it with others. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】share##should share
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这本书非常有趣，我强烈建议我们与其他人分享。recommend意为“建议”，后接宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词须用（should）do。故填(should) share。
64. Football is much _______ (interest) than basketball. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】more interesting
【解析】
【详解】考查比较级。句意：足球比篮球更加有趣得多。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做表语，使用形容词，interest为动词，其形容词为：interesting，根据下文than可知，本句使用比较级，将足球与篮球的有趣程度进行比较，使用形容词的比较级，因interesting为多音节词，应在形容词前使用more，故填more interesting。
65. There were several badminton ______ (compete) in the school stadium the next week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】competitions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：接下来的一周，学校体育馆里举行了几场羽毛球比赛。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词competition“比赛”，结合several可知，比赛不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作主语。故填competitions。
66. The headmaster came into the lab, _______ (follow) by some foreign guests. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】followed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：校长走进实验室，后面跟着一些外国客人。分析句子成分，该句子的谓语动词是came into，所以空处填非谓语动词；follow与逻辑主语the headmaster之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词followed，作状语。故填followed。
67. No one wants to take _________ for the problem. (responsible) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】responsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人愿意为这个问题负责。空前是动词take，空后是介词for，该空要填名词，即responsibility，表示“责任”，作宾语，构成固定短语take responsibility for，表示“对……负责”。故填responsibility。
68. China is going to set up an international ________ (organize). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】organization
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国将成立一个国际组织。不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词organization，作宾语。故填organization。
69. No matter what difficulties we are faced with; we always have the _______ to solve them. (determine) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】determination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：无论我们面临什么困难，我们总是要有决心解决它们。空前是谓语动词have，空后是介词in，所以该空填名词作宾语，determine的名词是determination，表示“决心”，是不可数名词。故填determination。
70. I don’t know what Mr. Smith said in class because the question was beyond my _________ (recognize). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我不知道史密斯先生在课堂上说了什么，因为这个问题超出我的认知。根据句意“I don’t know what Mr. Smith said”可知，这个问题我不明白，recognize作动词，表示“辨认”，名词是recognition，短语beyond recognition表示“超出认知，无法辨认”，符合句意。故填recognition。
第三节、语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The average cost of raising a child until the age of 18 was 485,000 yuan in China in 2019, ____71____ is higher than many countries including the US, France, Germany and Japan. ____72____ (compare) with 13 other countries in Europe, Asia and America, China ranked the second among all these countries in expense of raising a child to the age of 18. The report said that is one of the main reasons stopping couples from considering ____73____ (have) a child. Experts warn China’s aging population will put pressure ____74____ the health and social safety systems. The decreasing birth rate will ___75___ (deep) affect China’s economic growth and ___76___ (it) welfare problems.
New policies in 2021 encourage families ___77___(have) up to three children, but China’s birth rate dropped to 7.52 births per 1, 000 people in the same year. That is the lowest since the National Bureau of Statistics began recording the information in 1949.
Three major ways — cash rewards, housing subsidies (补贴) and baby care centers ___78___ (expect) to improve China’s birthrate. Some areas ___79___(give) couples money for having ______80______ second or third child since 2021.
【答案】71. which
72. Compared
73. having 74. on
75. deeply 76. its
77. to have
78. are expected
79. have given
80. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了与欧洲、亚洲和美洲的其他13个国家相比，中国抚养孩子到18岁的费用在所有这些国家中排名第二，这是阻止夫妇考虑要孩子的主要因素之一。文章还介绍了鼓励生育的三孩政策。
【71题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2019年，中国抚养一个孩子到18岁的平均成本为485000元，高于包括美国、法国、德国和日本在内的许多国家。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是cost，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【72题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与欧洲、亚洲和美洲的其他13个国家相比，中国抚养孩子到18岁的费用在所有这些国家中排名第二。固定短语compare…with表示“把……和……相比”，compare与逻辑主语cost是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Compared。
【73题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该报告称，这是阻止夫妇考虑要孩子的主要因素之一。固定搭配consider doing sth.表示“考虑做某事”。故填having。
【74题详解】
考查介词。句意：专家警告说，中国人口老龄化将给医疗和社会保障体系带来压力。结合句意表示“给……压力”可知，此处是固定搭配put pressure on...。故填on。
【75题详解】
考查副词。句意：出生率下降将深刻影响中国的经济增长潜力和福利问题。修饰动词affect，应用副词deeply，作状语。故填deeply。
【76题详解】
考查代词。句意：出生率下降将深刻影响中国的经济增长潜力和福利问题。修饰名词problems，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【77题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然新政策鼓励家庭最多生三个孩子，但中国的出生率在2021年下降到7.52‰。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做做事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to have。
【78题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：三大措施——现金奖励、住房补贴和婴儿护理中心有望提高中国的出生率。结合句意表示“有望做某事”可知，此处是固定短语be expected to，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为Three major measures，谓语用复数。故填are expected。
【79题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自从2021以来，一些地区已经开始给生二胎或三胎的夫妇钱。根据时间状语从句since 2021可知，句子用现在完成时，主语是areas是复数，故填have given。
【80题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。“a/an+序数词+名词”强调在已知数量上再累加一个，second是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共一节，满分25分)
第一节(满分25分)
81. 假定你是李华，你和喜欢中国文化的Mike相约元旦假期去旅行。具体事宜由你来安排。请给他写一封邮件，告知其相关情况。内容包括：
1. 旅行目的地，线路；
2. 出行方式；
3. 行程安排等。
注意：写作词数应为100左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mike,
I’m very happy that we’re going travelling together. Here is our travel plan.
We are planning to go to Beijing, a very famous city in the world. We’re taking the high-speed train, leaving at 3:00 p.m. on October 2nd. It will take us about four hours. We’re spending the first two days visiting some famous tourist sights, including the Summer Palace and the Great Wall, where we can enjoy beautiful view. On the third day, we’re visiting Peking University and going shopping in Sanlitun, a lively neighborhood in Beijing. On October 6th, we will board the train to return home.
I think we will have a great time! I can’t wait to go.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生和喜欢中国文化的Mike相约元旦假期去旅行，具体事宜由考生来安排，要求考生按照要求给他写一封邮件，告知其相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
快乐的：happy→ delighted
著名的：famous→ renowned
参观：visit→ pay a visit to
返回：return→ go back
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are planning to go to Beijing, a very famous city in the world.
拓展句：We are planning to go to Beijing, which is a very famous city in the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m very happy that we’re going travelling together.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】We’re spending the first two days visiting some famous tourist sights, including the Summer Palace and the Great Wall, where we can enjoy beautiful view.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
