第二学期南京市二十九中高一期初英语试卷
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，共 50 分)
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Useful TEFL Sites
Askmytutor
It’s always heartwarming to see a professional offering to answer questions sent in by students over the net, and this is clearly the strongest aspect of this TEFL site. The site’s design is bright and clear, suitable for its young target audiences, but it’s a shame that none of the activities offered take advantage of the interactive (交互式的) qualities of the net. In the current climate of technological progress, being asked to print out and complete a word search puzzle by hand could best be described as “strange”.
BBC World Service
This is a comprehensive site for teachers and students offering online courses, an e-mail discussion forum (论坛) run by Alice and Bee, and an invaluable news stories section where recordings of features can be accessed together with a detailed explanation of key vocabulary and idioms. The Learning English section provides teachers with a large number of present-day “issue” topic areas. As well as raising all the questions to get a more advanced class discussion going, there are online recordings of experts voicing their opinions which could provide excellent listening practice.
Dr Kenji Kitao’s keypal resource
A keypal is a computer pen pal and the Dr Kenji Kitao site offers numerous links for e-mail projects divided into those that are suitable for students and others designed for teachers wishing to develop writing partnerships with colleagues at other schools.
Learn English
Created by the British Council, and available in a wide range of languages, this site is an unmissable resource for language teachers involved with children of any age. Simple word games, poetry, songs, lyrics and stories are all available as resources to support a lesson or as standalone activities. This is not simply a resource site, however, but also gives advice on finding a suitable language course depending on your country of origin.
1. What is the disadvantage of Askmytutor
A. Its activities can't be done online.
B. Its design can't satisfy young audiences.
C. Its professionals are far from committed.
D. Its courses are quite beyond young audiences.
2. What can you do at BBC World Service
A. Improve your listening skills. B. Discuss a topic with an expert.
C. Make a few featured recordings. D. Start a new e-mail discussion forum.
3. Which site should you visit if you want to get an online penfriend
A. Askmytutor. B. Learn English.
C. BBC World Service. D. Dr Kenji Kitao's keypal resource.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四个有用的英语外语教学网站。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The site’s design is bright and clear, suitable for its young target audiences, but it’s a shame that none of the activities offered take advantage of the interactive (交互式的) qualities of the net.(该网站的设计是亮眼且清晰，适合其年轻的目标受众，但遗憾的是，它提供的活动没有一项利用到网络的互动性) ”可知，Askmytutor网站的活动不能在网上进行。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As well as raising all the questions to get a more advanced class discussion going, there are online recordings of experts voicing their opinions which could provide excellent listening practice.(除了提出所有的问题来进行更高级的课堂讨论，还有专家发表意见的在线录音，这可以提供很好的听力练习) ”可知，BBC World Service网站的学习内容可以提升听力技能。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A keypal is a computer pen pal and the Dr Kenji Kitao site offers numerous links for e-mail projects divided into those that are suitable for students and others designed for teachers wishing to develop writing partnerships with colleagues at other schools.(一个“keypal”是一个电脑笔友。Kenji Kitao博士网站提供许多电子邮件项目的链接，这些项目设计分为：适合学生的和适合希望与其他学校的同事发展写作伙伴关系的教师的)”可知，Dr Kenji Kitao's keypal resource网站可以帮助你交一个在线笔友。故选D项。
B
What could driving a race car and pointing a camera at the Milky Way have in common More than you might imagine. Race car driver Bubba Wallace and photographer Batak Tefreshi made a journey together to remote Gooseberry Mesa, for an adventure aimed at taking pictures of the night sky.
Gooseberry Mesa, far from population centers, is protected from the nighttime light pollution, making it perfect for star photographers. Nature night environments such as this are rare.
Camping, hiking, and shooting stars in mountainous Mesa stress the similarity between photography and racing. Bubba notes, “Once you start the engine there’s no turning back—I know I’ll be in that seat for more than three hours.” Batak agrees, “I have the same feeling as soon as I touch the wheel of my camera—I’m ready to continue through the entire night.” For Bubba, developing patience allowed him to become a better driver and it is equally important to his photography.
Seizing the moment is crucial too. “Every minute things are changing—the Earth’s shadow the moonlight, the rise of stars,” Batak explains. “If you lose the moment, it’s gone forever.” Bubba finds the physical and mental demands of racing as important when travelling in Utah’s rough landscapes under freezing temperatures.
Think incoming clouds, wind, or mist will ruin your chance at a perfect photo According to Batak. “With wide-angle nightscapes every unexpected weather condition can be an opportunity. Our photos show oranges and blues around the moon you wouldn’t see under a clear sky.”
The team discovered shared interests that go beyond photography. “We are both crazy about bringing cultures together and using our work to break down boundaries(边界),” says Batak. “The night sky has a unifying power. The sky connects the whole world under one umbrella.”
4. Why did Bubba and Batak choose Gooseberry Mesa
A. It has a small population. B. It has perfect weather conditions.
C. It is free from light pollution. D. It has beautiful scenery.
5. Which is required in both car racing and photography
A. Willpower. B. Teamwork. C. Bravery. D. Creativity.
6. What does Batak think of unexpected weather as a photographer
A. Annoying. B. Disastrous. C. Positive. D. Challenging.
7. Which may be a message behind the team’s photography work
A. Appreciating the night sky. B. Connecting various cultures.
C. Removing racial boundaries. D. Protecting the environment.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述赛车手布巴·华莱士（Bubba Wallace）和摄影师巴塔克·特弗雷希（Batak Tefreshi）一起前往偏远的古塞贝里梅萨（Gooseberry Mesa），进行一次旨在拍摄夜空的探险。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Gooseberry Mesa, far from population centers, is protected from the nighttime light pollution, making it perfect for star photographers. (远离人口中心的Gooseberry Mesa受到保护，免受夜间光线污染，是拍摄星星的摄影师的理想选择。)”可知，Bubba和Batak选择Gooseberry Mesa是因为那里没有光污染。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“For Bubba, developing patience allowed him to become a better driver and it is equally important to his photography. (对布巴来说，培养耐心让他成为更好的车手，这对他的摄影同样重要。)”可知，对赛车和摄影都很重要的特征是要有耐心和毅力。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“According to Batak. “With wide-angle nightscapes every unexpected weather condition can be an opportunity. Our photos show oranges and blues around the moon you wouldn’t see under a clear sky.”(据巴塔克的说法。“有了广角夜景，每一个意想不到的天气状况都可能是一个机会。我们的照片显示，在晴朗的天空下，你看不到月亮周围的橙色和蓝色。”)”可知，对巴塔克来说，出现意想不到的天气可以给他的摄影带来更多样的拍摄效果，所以他对这些意想不到的天气是积极乐观的态度。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““We are both crazy about bringing cultures together and using our work to break down boundaries(边界),” says Batak. (巴塔克说：“我们都非常热衷于将文化融合在一起，并利用我们的工作打破界限。”)”可知，巴塔克他们都是非常热衷于将文化融合在一起，并利用他们的工作打破界限。故选B。
C
On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americans could be overweight by 2030. Our expanding bodies not only lead to a medical problem, but also endanger personal safety in some situations — in an airplane crash, for example, according to a recent article in The New York Times.
The New York Times’ Christine Negroni reports that engineers and scientists are questioning whether airplane seats are designed to protect overweight travelers. Government standards (标准) for airplane seat strength — first set more than 60 years ago — require that the seats be made for a passenger weighing 170 pounds. Today, the average American man weighs nearly 194 pounds and the average woman 165 pounds.
Negroni reports:
“If a heavier person completely fills a seat, the seat is not likely to behave as designed during a crash,” Robert Salzar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. “The energy that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly” .
“Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seat belt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could not be safe from ‘the uncontrolled movements of the passenger’.”
Most complaints about airplane seats focus on their lack of comfort and high ticket price, and whether overweight passengers should be made to buy two seats. But The New York Times’ article brings up another reason to feel anxious about flying. Investigators got in touch with the airplane seat and seat belt makers, but they refused to talk about the problem. Experts agreed that crash testing should be done with over-weighted dummies (人体模型). Both airplane seats and seat belts should be tested, they said.
Fortunately, however, according to Nora Marshall, a senior adviser at the National Transportation Safety Board, the board’s investigators have never seen an accident involving a commercial plane in which the weight of a passenger was a problem.
8. What is the article in The New York Times mainly about
A. The size of airplane seats and seat belts.
B. Safety of overweight airplane passengers.
C. Airplane crashes.
D. A medical problem caused by being overweight.
9. Robert Salzar would probably agree that ________.
A. overweight passengers should buy two seats
B. the government should help produce safer planes
C. standards for airplane seat strength should be raised
D. passengers should know how to protect themselves
10. We can learn from the text that ________.
A. airplane seat makers have taken action now
B. there are few complaints about airplane seats
C. those seated near the overweight may suffer, too
D. only a small number of airplane accidents result from the overweight
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Why do passengers Feel Anxious about Flying
B. Will 42% of Americans Be Overweight by 2030
C. When Will the Overweight Enjoy Their Flight
D. Are Airplane Seats Safe Enough for the Overweight
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论现在的飞机座位对于较胖的乘客是否足够安全。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americans could be overweight by 2030. Our expanding bodies not only lead to a medical problem, but also endanger personal safety in some situations — in an airplane crash, for example, according to a recent article in The New York Times.(周一，美国疾病控制和预防中心预测，到2030年，42%的美国人可能会过于肥胖。我们不断扩大的腰围不仅会导致医疗问题，而且根据《纽约时报》最近的一篇文章：在某些情况下，它还会影响人身安全——例如坠机)”可知，在飞机上，乘客过胖会影响自身安全和引发飞机事故。故推知《纽约时报》最近的一篇文章担心飞机上过胖的乘客的安全。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据Negroni reports部分“‘If a heavier person completely fills a seat, the seat is not likely to behave as designed during a crash,’ Robert Salzar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. ‘The energy that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly’.(‘如果一个较重的人完全填满座位，那么座椅在碰撞过程中不太可能按预期表现。’弗吉尼亚大学应用生物力学中心的首席科学家Robert Salazar说。‘内置在飞机座椅上的能量吸收系统可能会难以承受，乘客将无法得到适当的保护。’)”可知，乘客过胖，飞机座位难以承受过胖的乘客，无法保护他们。故推知Robert Salazar赞成应提高飞机座椅的强度标准，以承载过重的乘客。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seat belt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could not be safe from ‘the uncontrolled movements of the passenger’.” (“伤害也不会仅限于那名乘客。”Salzar博士说。“如果座椅或安全带失效，”他说，“坐在附近的乘客可能会受到‘不受自己控制的过胖乘客运动’的威胁。”)”可知，那些坐在过胖乘客附近的人也可能受到影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“The New York Times’ Christine Negroni reports that engineers and scientists are questioning whether airplane seats are designed to protect overweight travelers.(《纽约时报》的Christen Negroni报道说，工程师和科学家正在质疑飞机座椅是否足以保护超重的旅客)”可知，本文主要讨论了现在的飞机座位对于体重过大的乘客是否足够安全。由此可知，D项“飞机座椅对于超重的人来说足够安全吗？”最适合作文章标题，故选D。
D
World history has seen three ancient dramas: Greek tragedy and comedy, Indian Sanskrit drama and Chinese opera. The first two have become historical and only Chinese opera has survived.
Chinese opera took shape in the 12th century. After developing for more than 800 years, its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity, of which Qingiang is one of the most ancient operas.
Qinqiang opera is a thousand-year-old local opera originating in China’s inland northwestern region. It has established a unique tradition as an“opera shouted out”with its high-pitched arias(高音唱腔). LiMei has won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses. She’s also known for her passionate commitment to exploring the theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqíang.
LiMei and her workmates are halfway through an afternoon rehearsal(排练) and most have broken into a sweat Singing in a near whisper, the forty-year-old opera star performs the stylized movements for the leading role the bitter dead Lady Li Huiniang in Ghost’s Hate.
Little wonder that LiMei is such a powerful presence on stage. She’s the greatest contributory actress who’s able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form.
Li Mei said,“We performed this opera in the Netherlands to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of Holland’s National Theater. We enjoyed e fifteen-minute curtain call and the audiences applauded wildly for a long time. The local press entitled me the ‘Nemesis of the Orient’ and ‘the Chinese Venus’, Why is that so Because they’ve fully understood what the opera implied—the loyalty towards love, and dead as she maybe, her love persists. The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form.”
12. What can be inferred about Chinese opera from the passage
A. It made history with ancient Greek operas.
B. It has a history shorter than Indian Sanskrit drama.
C. It consists of various dynamic local operas.
D. It originated from the most ancient local Qinqiang opera.
13. What is the greatest feature of Oinqiang opera according to the passage
A. The popular curtain call B. The northwestern origin.
C. The stylized movement. D. The spirited high tone.
14. Why is Ghost’s Hate starring Li Mei loved by foreigners
A. Because it has a perfect combination of touching plot and attractive form.
B. Because its leading role Li Mei is famous as the ‘Chinese Venus’.
C. Because it conveys the popular messages of loyalty towards love.
D. Because the story is easy to be fully understood by foreigners.
15. What is Li Mei’s greatest contribution to Qinqiang opera
A. She won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses.
B. She brought Li Huiniang, the bitter dead Lady in Ghost’s Hate to life.
C. She explored many theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang opera.
D. She spread one of Chinese traditional cultures to the other side of the world.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要谈论了中国最古老的戏曲之一——秦腔，简要提及其艺术特点，之后介绍了“秦腔四大名旦”之一李梅，其将这门古老的戏曲艺术带出国门，让欧洲观众热情接受了这种几近陌生的艺术形式。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“After developing for more than 800 years, its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity, of which Qinqiang is one of the most ancient operas.（经过800多年的发展，其丰富的地方戏曲风格仍然深受欢迎，其中秦腔是最古老的戏曲之一。）”可知，中国戏曲由各种充满活力的地方戏曲组成。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段“It has established a unique tradition as an “opera shouted out” with its high-pitched arias(高音唱腔）（它建立了一种独特的传统，就像一场带有高音咏叹调的“歌剧呐喊”）”可知，高亢激越的唱腔是秦腔的独特之处。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form.（这部歌剧能够打动数百万人的心，是因为它以一种美丽的艺术形式呈现了一个美丽的故事。）”可知，因为优美的故事情节和出色的艺术形式，国外观众也被深深打动。迷人的艺术形式与美丽的故事的完美结合使得这部歌剧受到外国人的喜爱。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“She's the greatest contributory actress who's able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form.（她是最伟大的负责任的女演员，她能够非常令人信服诠释一个角色，非常有说服力地讲述一个故事，以至于欧洲观众热情拥抱这种陌生的艺术形式。）”可知， 李梅对秦腔最大的贡献就是将秦腔这种中国传统文化带出国门，并为外国观众所接受。故选D。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What makes you cry Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our faces. _______16_______
When you think about it, shedding tears from your eyes can cause embarrassment or confusion. But it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset. _________17_________ However, the feeling is the same – your cheeks puff up, your eyes tighten and before you know it, tears are streaming down your face. Some of us may weep a little while others might cry like a baby.
A study in the UK in 2017 found that women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research. ________18________Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings The debate continues.
One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace.___19___ Someone might be stressed with a heavy workload. And, as therapist Joanna Cross put it, “crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations and it’s a bit of a final straw moment.” She describes how someone might start weeping when they’re just asked to make a cup of tea. Actually, their stress has accumulated to the breaking point.
But crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. It can actually make you feel better.______20______Crying your eyes out shows others how you feel, so perhaps it’s a crying shame that more of us, particularly men, don’t cry more often.
A. Then how do we cope with it
B. This can be where emotions run high.
C. People reach their breaking point in different ways.
D. We all have the power to cry, but is that a good thing
E. Maybe it dissolves or clears the negative feelings you’ve had.
F. What brings about this reaction differs from person to person.
G. But does this mean men don’t get as upset or emotional as women
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了哭是人们伤心时的正常反应，并且哭对于人们而言是有好处的。
【16题详解】
上文提到“Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our face”（被电影感动，和爱人分离，与搭档分道扬镳都会导致眼泪流下脸庞），本空承上启下，引出文章主题，所以根据下文内容，“crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. ”（在办公室或其他地方哭可能是一种有效的减压方式），可知本文主要讲哭是所有人的反应，并且哭对人们有好处，所以本空目的在于引出此话题。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上句“ it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset”（哭是我们伤心难过时的自动反应），所以本空承接上句，F项句意“造成人们伤心难过的原因是各不相同的”，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上句“women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research.”（女性承认，她们一年哭72次，这平均来说比男人要多。调查者说这个结果和以前的研究结果是一致的），本空承上启下，下句“Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings ”（他们对于表达自己真实的情感会更尴尬吗），所以本空应该是讲男人哭的次数少的原因。故选G。
【19题详解】
上句提到“One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace”（我们经历情绪爆发的地点之一是在工作地），本空承接上文，应该接着讲工作地对人们情绪的影响，所以B项句意“工作地是情绪上涨之地”符合句意。故B项符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上句“ It can actually make you feel better.”（哭会让你感觉更好），本空承上启下，应该接着讲哭对于人们的好处，所以E项句意“哭能融化或清除你的消极情感”符合句意。故选E。
【点睛】
第三部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We met in a support group for parents of children with special needs. It was the introduction night and stories of heartbreak ____21____ the room as one parent after another discussed their child’s diagnosis and uncertain future, and the ____22____ that both the children and the parents faced.
I spoke of my developmentally ____23____ fifteen-month-old daughter, Meredith, who could not yet speak and could barely crawl, ____24____ walk. One day I left my daughter’s playground in tears after watching her silent ____25____ to move an inch, while her peers breezed by her, running to and talking about their new discovery. ____26____ to help my daughter learn to walk and talk, I thought it took precedence（优先）over my career. I decided to step off the ____27____ leading to management and left my position at a newspaper.
As I ____28____ out my heart to the support group, there were sympathetic nods and then it was Tonie’s ____29____. Her daughter, Madison, had ____30____ speech, and her son, Griffin, had autism（自闭症）. Tonie was the main ____31____ in her family, with only her state agency job as their primary ____32____ of support. Yes, as she told her story, she filled it with humor, and it was ____33____ that somehow she found joy in the sorrow, and ____34____ from the challenges. I knew I’d found a friend.
Tonie and I began to socialize outside the group, ____35____ laughter as well as tears, however small, and always concerning trials and successes.
21. A. broke B. enveloped C. connected D. formed
22. A. difficulties B. burdens C. mistakes D. drawbacks
23. A. abandoned B. unexpected C. disabled D. adopted
24. A. let go B. let down C. let off D. let alone
25. A. success B. adventure C. courage D. struggle
26. A. Delighted B. Determined C. Embarrassed D. Amazed
27. A. place B. dream C. ladder D. duty
28. A. found B. gave C. poured D. stuck
29 A. turn B. fault C. task D. work
30. A. fluent B. delayed C. fantastic D. neglected
31. A. grown-up B. peacemaker C. breadwinner D. onlooker
32. A. source B. target C. course D. labor
33. A. ridiculous B. necessary C. common D. obvious
34. A. tension B. lesson C. hope D. ability
35. A. saving B. sharing C. testing D. trying
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和Tonie在一次分享孩子故事的活动中成了好朋友。因为有共同的经历让两人成了好友，在以后的生活中，两人也分享生活中的欢笑和泪水。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是一个介绍之夜，当家长们一个接一个地讨论他们孩子的诊断和不确定的未来，以及孩子和父母都面临的困难时，令人心碎的故事充斥着整个房间。A. broke打破；B. enveloped包围，笼罩；C. connected连接；D. formed形成。根据空后“as one parent after another discussed their child’s diagnosis and uncertain future”可知，因为孩子们确诊疾病且未来不确定，所以此处表示令人心碎的故事充斥着整个房间。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. difficulties困难；B. burdens负担；C. mistakes错误；D. drawbacks缺点。由前文描述可知，因为孩子们确诊疾病且未来不确定，所以孩子和家长都面临困难。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我谈到了我15个月大的发育障碍女儿Meredith，她还不能说话，连爬都不会，更别说走路了。A. abandoned抛弃的； B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. disabled残疾的；D. adopted领养的。根据后文“Meredith, who could not yet speak and could barely crawl”可知，作者女儿不能说话，连爬也不会；由此可知，作者女儿有残疾。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. let go放手；B. let down使失望；C. let off引爆；D. let alone更不用说。由前文描述可知，作者女儿不能说话，连爬也不会，所以此处需用let alone突出强调更不会走路。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我含泪离开了女儿的游乐场，因为我看到她默默地挣扎着挪动一英寸，而她的同伴们则轻快地从她身边走过，跑过去谈论他们的新发现。A. success成功；B. adventure冒险；C. courage勇气；D. struggle挣扎。前文说女儿行动不便，不能走路，所以此处表示她挣扎着挪动一英寸。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决心帮助我的女儿学会走路和说话，我认为这比我的事业更重要。A. Delighted高兴的；B. Determined有决心的； C. Embarrassed尴尬的；D. Amazed惊讶的。根据上文描述和空后“to help my daughter learn to walk and talk”可知，因为作者女儿不能说话和走路，所以作者决心要帮助女儿。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定从通往管理层的阶梯上下来，并辞去了我在一家报社的职位。A. place地方；B. dream梦想；C. ladder阶梯；D. duty责任。根据后文“leading to management and left my position at a newspaper.”可知，因为作者辞去了报社的工作，所以此处指作者从通往管理层的阶梯上下来了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我向支持小组倾诉我的心声时，大家都点头表示同情，然后轮到Tonie了。A. found发现；B. gave给；C. poured倾倒；D. stuck卡住。由空后“out my heart to the support group”可知，空处需用动词pour，pour out one’s heart to sb.向某人敞开心扉，固定搭配，符合题意。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. turn(依次轮到的)机会；B. fault错误；C. task任务；D. work工作。前文作者讲述了自己女儿Meredith的故事，所以此处表示轮到Tonie讲自己孩子的故事了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的女儿Madison患有语言障碍，儿子Griffin患有自闭症。A. fluent流利的；B. delayed推迟的；C. fantastic极好的；D. neglected被忽视的。因为是有病的孩子，结合空后名词speech可知，Tonie的女儿患有语言障碍。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tonie是家里主要的养家糊口的人，只有她在国家机构的工作是他们主要的经济来源。A. grown-up成年人；B. peacemaker调解人；C. breadwinner养家糊口的人；D. onlooker旁观者。根据后文“with only her state agency job as their primary … of support. ”可知，Tonie是家里主要的养家糊口的人。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. source来源，源头；B. target目标；C. course课程；D. labor劳动力。根据前文可知，Tonie是家里主要的养家糊口的人，所以她在国家机构的工作是他们主要的经济来源。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，当她讲述她的故事时，她充满了幽默，很明显，她在悲伤中找到了快乐，在挑战中找到了希望。。A. ridiculous荒唐的；B. necessary必须的；C. common普通的；D. obvious明显的。由前文“she filled it with humor”可知，Tonie在讲故事带着幽默，由此可知，此处表示很明显，她在悲伤中找到了快乐。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tension紧张；B. lesson教训；C. hope希望；D. ability能力。根据后文“from the challenges”可知，此处指Tonie从面临的挑战中找到了希望。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和Tonie开始在群体之外交往，分享欢笑和泪水，不管多么小，总是和尝试和成功有关。A. saving拯救；B. sharing分享；C. testing测试；D. trying尝试。根据前文“Tonie and I began to socialize outside the group”可知，作者和Tonie成了朋友，所以她们分享泪水和欢笑。故选B。
第二节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面各题，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
36. You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might可能；B. need需要 ；C. should竟然； D. would会。由You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman. 可知，should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。
37. One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school.
A. might B. could
C. shall D. will
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我们其中的一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。A. might可以；B. could 可能；C. shall 一定 ；D. will会。 shall可以表示“命令，警告，强制要求；允诺；法律，规定要做……”，结合句意可知C正确。故选C项。
38. Tom________________ show his exam results to his parents.
A. not dare B. dared not C. dare not to D. dares not
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：汤姆不敢向父母展示他的考试成绩。动词dare既可以做情态动词，也可以做实义动词，做前者后接动词原形，有时态变化，但无人称变化，否定形式直接在该词后加not；作后者后接动词不定式，有时态人称变化，否定形式应借助助动词，故只有B选项符合条件，dare在该句作情态动词，为一般过去时。故选B。
39 Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A. shall B. must C. need D. might
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】 考查情态动词的用法。句意：人生是不可预测的；甚至最穷的也可能变得最有钱。根据句子意思，后句讲的是一种可能性。need 需要；must 一定；shall 表较大的可能性；might可能。shall表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常是指非常可能的事(因为暗示有一定的事实依据或合乎常理)，而may, might, could等表示推测时，则语气较不肯定，尤其是might, could。故选D。
40. It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A. mustn't B. can't
C. won't D. needn't
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。A.mustn't 禁止，不允许；B.can't 不可能；C.won't 不愿意，就是不，偏不；D.needn't 不需要。根据“It's only six o'clock.”可知，不可能是邮递员在门口。故选B项。
41. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ___________ have taken it
A. need B. must
C. should D. could
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我的书《黑尔之家》不见了，谁有可能拿走它？A.need 需要；B.must必须；C.should应该；D.could可能。need用在情态动词，只用在否定句和疑问句中，“必要”；must“必须”，表示肯定推测，用在肯定句中；should“应该、竟然”；could“能够、可能”。题干中的说话人书丢了，应该是猜测可能是谁拿走了，could have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测。故选D项。
42. —She looks very happy. She ____have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. might D. must
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：考查情态动词 + have done。句意：——她看起来很高兴。她一定通过了考试。——我猜是这样。毕竟它并不难。A. should have done本应该做某事，而实际上没做；B. could have done表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定；C. might have done表示过去可能发生，但实际没发生；D. must have done表示对过去发生的事情的非常有把握的肯定猜测。
本句中根据she looks very happy可知她看起来很开心，所以下文是很肯定的猜测，她肯定通过了考试。故选择D。
43. The doctor recommended that you _____ swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议你饭后不要游泳。recommend表“建议”时，宾语从句要使用should + 动原，should 可以省略。故选D。
44. —You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
A. have been practising B. was practising
C. would practise D. had practised
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。
45. They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时；“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
46. I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
A. had hoped B. am hoping
C. have hoped D. would hope
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。
47. More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
A. are made B. will be made
C. are being made D. have been made
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，未来几年将会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。本句的时间状语in the years ahead＂在将来的几年＂和一般将来时连用，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B项正确。
48. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。
点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。
49. I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A. was driving B. have driven
C. would drive D. drove
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和过去进行时。句意：我正开着车去伦敦的路上，这时我发现走错路了。be doing sth when 结构表示“正在做某事，这时…”。为固定句型。根据时态一致原则，可知这里用过去进行时，故选A。
50. The book ________________ well and all the copies ________________.
A. sells; have sold out B. is sold; have been sold out
C. sells; have been sold out D. is selling; will be sold out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这本书卖得很好，所有的书都卖完了。第一空sell用作不及物动词，“卖得好”是事物的特征，使用主动形式表示被动意义，且前一个分句是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语book是名词单数，谓语动词用单数；第二空，主语copies和动词短语sell out之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，故选C。
第三节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适合的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I went to a classical music concert yesterday and I loved it. ___51___ I particularly experienced in a different way is how much I appreciated the musicians. I am so grateful for the gifts ___52___(share) by the musicians with the audience ___53___ I’ll carry this special feeling along with me.
I have noticed how the music can change one’s view, and I am thankful for the way musicians work to the best of their ___54___ (able) to provide this music for their audience. This newfound appreciation is thanks to the kindness that I have been allowed ___55___ (develop) here on KindSpring and from all of you KindSpringers.
On the topic of classical music, I always loved the clapping and the cheering ___56___ come at the end of a concert. ___57___ (specific) in classical music concerts the applause can last to six or seven minutes. It always ___58___ (lift) my spirit, but now I know that it’s___59___ it is an act of gratitude (感激) to the musicians and the music. Thanks to classical music concerts, I’ll never fail to carry on ___60___the act.
【答案】51. What
52. shared 53. that
54. abilities
55. to develop
56. that##which
57. Specifically
58. lifts 59. because
60. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己去听一场古典音乐会的经历和感受，音乐家的精彩表演让他折服。
【51题详解】
考查主语从句连接词。句意：我以另一种方式特别体会到的是我是多么欣赏音乐家。分析句子可知，此处是主语从句连接词，且引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，首字母应大写。故填What。
52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我非常感谢音乐家们与观众分享的礼物，我会把这种特殊的感觉带在身边。分析句子可知，动词share和逻辑主语gifts之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填shared。
【53题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处是so…that引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于”，故填that。
【54题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：我注意到音乐是如何改变一个人的观点的，我很感谢音乐家们竭尽全力为他们的听众提供这种音乐的方式。根据空前的“their”可知此处应填名词作介词of的宾语，ability“能力”，可数名词，结合语境可知应用其复数形式，故填abilities。
【55题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这种新发现的感激之情要感谢我在KindSpring上得到的帮助，感谢你们所有的KindSpring用户。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式，故填to develop。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：说到古典音乐，我总是喜欢音乐会结束时的掌声和欢呼声。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是clapping and the cheering，关系词在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词that或which，故填that/which。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：特别是在古典音乐会，掌声可以持续六到七分钟。此处应用副词修饰介词短语in classical music concerts，首字母应大写，故填Specifically。
【58题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它总是让我精神振奋，但现在我知道，这是因为这是一种对音乐家和音乐的感激之情。分析句子可知，此处为句子谓语动词，结合“always”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填lifts。
【59题详解】
考查表语从句。句意同上。空处引导表语从句，结合句意可知此处表示原因，应用because引导，故填because。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：多亏了古典音乐会，我永远都能坚持下去。carry on with“继续做”，固定短语，故填with。
第四部分 单词拼写（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据首字母提示、中文提示及英文释义，在句子空白处填入适当的词。
61. His d________________ to his job left him with very little free time. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】devotion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他对工作的投入使他几乎没有空闲时间。devotion to为固定短语，意为“对......投入”。his为形容词性物主代词，后加名词devotion作为句子主语。故填devotion。
62. Young people are very _______(敏感的) about their appearance. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】sensitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：年轻人对他们的外貌很敏感。be动词后用形容词，根据汉语提示以及句意可知，此处表示“对……敏感”，表达为be sensitive about，此处用形容词sensitive作表语，故填sensitive。
63. The police have l________________ an investigation into the incident. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】launched##aunched
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：警方已对这一事件展开调查。结合句意及首字母提示可知，launch“发起，发动”，动词，结合空前的have可知句子是现在完成时，空处用过去分词，故填launched。
64. His ________________ (高尚的) deeds were thought highly of by the people present. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】noble
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的高尚行为受到在场的人的高度评价。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词noble，作定语修饰名词deeds。故填noble。
65. It’s u________________ acknowledged that China is the largest developing country in the world. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】universally##niversally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：众所周知，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此空应填universally，表“一致地”，为副词，在本句中作状语，修饰后面动词。故填universally。
66. The food is sent to the classroom for the _________________ (方便) of the students. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】convenience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：食物送到教室是为了方便学生。根据汉语提示可知应用名词convenience，作宾语，不可数。故填convenience。
67. He swam to the shore against a strong c________________ . （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】current##urrent
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他逆流向岸边游去。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此空可填current，表“(海洋或江河的)水流”，为可数名词，且由空前a可知，这里应用单数形式，在本句中作介词后宾语。故填current。
68. His speech left a deep ________________ (印象) on the audience. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。根据汉语提示可知应用名词impression，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填impression。
69. The main character’s t________________ of fate in the novel appeal to readers. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】twists##wists
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：小说中主人公命运的曲折吸引了读者。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词twist，作主语，结合语境可知应用复数形式。故填twists。
70. We ________________ (偶尔) meet and have a drink at weekends. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】occasionally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们偶尔会在周末见面喝一杯。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“偶尔”应用occasionally。为副词，在本句中作状语。故填occasionally。
第五部分 写作（共 1 节，满分 15 分）
应用文写作（满分 15 分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友将学习汉语，她发来邮件请求推荐一本学习汉语的书，请你用英
语写一封推荐“Elementary Spoken Chinese”这本书， 内容包括：
1.说明写信的目的；
2.推荐这本书的原因；
3. 希望获得重视，期待答复。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Tom,
I am glad to hear that you are going to learn Chinese. I would like to recommend Elementary Spoken Chinese to you.
It’s a good book for non-Chinese speakers, especially for beginners who are learning Chinese. First of all, it has a lot of conversations about daily life, which can help you improve your spoken English and will be more conducive to your future communication with others in Chinese. In addition, this book will help you learn Chinese in a fun and effective way.
I hope you will find this book interesting and helpful. I look forward to further good news from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国网友将学习汉语，她发来邮件请求推荐一本学习汉语的书，要求考生按照要求用英语写一封推荐《初级汉语口语》这本书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→ pleased
推荐：recommend→ nominate
有利的：conducive→ advantageous
此外：in addition→ additionally
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In addition, this book will help you learn Chinese in a fun and effective way.
拓展句：In addition, it is in a fun and effective way that this book will help you learn Chinese .
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad to hear that you are going to learn Chinese.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s a good book for non-Chinese speakers, especially for beginners who are learning Chinese.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句）南京市二十九中高一期初英语试卷
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，共 50 分)
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Useful TEFL Sites
Askmytutor
It’s always heartwarming to see a professional offering to answer questions sent in by students over the net, and this is clearly the strongest aspect of this TEFL site. The site’s design is bright and clear, suitable for its young target audiences, but it’s a shame that none of the activities offered take advantage of the interactive (交互式的) qualities of the net. In the current climate of technological progress, being asked to print out and complete a word search puzzle by hand could best be described as “strange”.
BBC World Service
This is a comprehensive site for teachers and students offering online courses, an e-mail discussion forum (论坛) run by Alice and Bee, and an invaluable news stories section where recordings of features can be accessed together with a detailed explanation of key vocabulary and idioms. The Learning English section provides teachers with a large number of present-day “issue” topic areas. As well as raising all the questions to get a more advanced class discussion going, there are online recordings of experts voicing their opinions which could provide excellent listening practice.
Dr Kenji Kitao’s keypal resource
A keypal is a computer pen pal and the Dr Kenji Kitao site offers numerous links for e-mail projects divided into those that are suitable for students and others designed for teachers wishing to develop writing partnerships with colleagues at other schools.
Learn English
Created by the British Council, and available in a wide range of languages, this site is an unmissable resource for language teachers involved with children of any age. Simple word games, poetry, songs, lyrics and stories are all available as resources to support a lesson or as standalone activities. This is not simply a resource site, however, but also gives advice on finding a suitable language course depending on your country of origin.
1. What is the disadvantage of Askmytutor
A. Its activities can't be done online.
B. Its design can't satisfy young audiences.
C. Its professionals are far from committed.
D. Its courses are quite beyond young audiences.
2. What can you do at BBC World Service
A. Improve your listening skills. B. Discuss a topic with an expert.
C. Make a few featured recordings. D. Start a new e-mail discussion forum.
3. Which site should you visit if you want to get an online penfriend
A. Askmytutor. B. Learn English.
C. BBC World Service. D. Dr Kenji Kitao's keypal resource.
B
What could driving a race car and pointing a camera at the Milky Way have in common More than you might imagine. Race car driver Bubba Wallace and photographer Batak Tefreshi made a journey together to remote Gooseberry Mesa, for an adventure aimed at taking pictures of the night sky.
Gooseberry Mesa, far from population centers, is protected from the nighttime light pollution, making it perfect for star photographers. Nature night environments such as this are rare.
Camping, hiking, and shooting stars in mountainous Mesa stress the similarity between photography and racing. Bubba notes, “Once you start the engine there’s no turning back—I know I’ll be in that seat for more than three hours.” Batak agrees, “I have the same feeling as soon as I touch the wheel of my camera—I’m ready to continue through the entire night.” For Bubba, developing patience allowed him to become a better driver and it is equally important to his photography.
Seizing the moment is crucial too. “Every minute things are changing—the Earth’s shadow, the moonlight, the rise of stars,” Batak explains. “If you lose the moment, it’s gone forever.” Bubba finds the physical and mental demands of racing as important when travelling in Utah’s rough landscapes under freezing temperatures.
Think incoming clouds, wind, or mist will ruin your chance at a perfect photo According to Batak. “With wide-angle nightscapes every unexpected weather condition can be an opportunity. Our photos show oranges and blues around the moon you wouldn’t see under a clear sky.”
The team discovered shared interests that go beyond photography. “We are both crazy about bringing cultures together and using our work to break down boundaries(边界),” says Batak. “The night sky has a unifying power. The sky connects the whole world under one umbrella.”
4. Why did Bubba and Batak choose Gooseberry Mesa
A. It has a small population. B. It has perfect weather conditions.
C. It is free from light pollution. D. It has beautiful scenery.
5. Which is required in both car racing and photography
A. Willpower. B. Teamwork. C. Bravery. D. Creativity.
6. What does Batak think of unexpected weather as a photographer
A. Annoying. B. Disastrous. C. Positive. D. Challenging.
7. Which may be a message behind the team’s photography work
A. Appreciating the night sky. B. Connecting various cultures.
C. Removing racial boundaries. D. Protecting the environment.
C
On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americans could be overweight by 2030. Our expanding bodies not only lead to a medical problem, but also endanger personal safety in some situations — in an airplane crash, for example, according to a recent article in The New York Times.
The New York Times’ Christine Negroni reports that engineers and scientists are questioning whether airplane seats are designed to protect overweight travelers. Government standards (标准) for airplane seat strength — first set more than 60 years ago — require that the seats be made for a passenger weighing 170 pounds. Today, the average American man weighs nearly 194 pounds and the average woman 165 pounds.
Negroni reports:
“If a heavier person completely fills a seat, the seat is not likely to behave as designed during a crash,” Robert Salzar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. “The energy that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly” .
“Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seat belt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could not be safe from ‘the uncontrolled movements of the passenger’.”
Most complaints about airplane seats focus on their lack of comfort and high ticket price, and whether overweight passengers should be made to buy two seats. But The New York Times’ article brings up another reason to feel anxious about flying. Investigators got in touch with the airplane seat and seat belt makers, but they refused to talk about the problem. Experts agreed that crash testing should be done with over-weighted dummies (人体模型). Both airplane seats and seat belts should be tested, they said.
Fortunately however, according to Nora Marshall, a senior adviser at the National Transportation Safety Board, the board’s investigators have never seen an accident involving a commercial plane in which the weight of a passenger was a problem.
8. What is the article in The New York Times mainly about
A. The size of airplane seats and seat belts.
B. Safety of overweight airplane passengers.
C. Airplane crashes.
D. A medical problem caused by being overweight.
9. Robert Salzar would probably agree that ________.
A. overweight passengers should buy two seats
B. the government should help produce safer planes
C. standards for airplane seat strength should be raised
D. passengers should know how to protect themselves
10. We can learn from the text that ________.
A. airplane seat makers have taken action now
B. there are few complaints about airplane seats
C. those seated near the overweight may suffer, too
D. only a small number of airplane accidents result from the overweight
11 What is the best title for the text
A. Why do passengers Feel Anxious about Flying
B. Will 42% of Americans Be Overweight by 2030
C. When Will the Overweight Enjoy Their Flight
D. Are Airplane Seats Safe Enough for the Overweight
D
World history has seen three ancient dramas: Greek tragedy and comedy, Indian Sanskrit drama and Chinese opera. The first two have become historical and only Chinese opera has survived.
Chinese opera took shape in the 12th century. After developing for more than 800 years, its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity, of which Qingiang is one of the most ancient operas.
Qinqiang opera is a thousand-year-old local opera originating in China’s inland northwestern region. It has established a unique tradition as an“opera shouted out”with its high-pitched arias(高音唱腔). LiMei has won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses. She’s also known for her passionate commitment to exploring the theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqíang.
LiMei and her workmates are halfway through an afternoon rehearsal(排练) and most have broken into a sweat Singing in a near whisper, the forty-year-old opera star performs the stylized movements for the leading role the bitter dead Lady Li Huiniang in Ghost’s Hate.
Little wonder that LiMei is such a powerful presence on stage. She’s the greatest contributory actress who’s able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form.
Li Mei said,“We performed this opera in the Netherlands to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of Holland’s National Theater. We enjoyed e fifteen-minute curtain call and the audiences applauded wildly for a long time. The local press entitled me the ‘Nemesis of the Orient’ and ‘the Chinese Venus’, Why is that so Because they’ve fully understood what the opera implied—the loyalty towards love, and dead as she maybe, her love persists. The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form.”
12. What can be inferred about Chinese opera from the passage
A. It made history with ancient Greek operas.
B. It has a history shorter than Indian Sanskrit drama.
C. It consists of various dynamic local operas.
D. It originated from the most ancient local Qinqiang opera.
13. What is the greatest feature of Oinqiang opera according to the passage
A. The popular curtain call B. The northwestern origin.
C. The stylized movement. D. The spirited high tone.
14. Why is Ghost’s Hate starring Li Mei loved by foreigners
A. Because it has a perfect combination of touching plot and attractive form.
B. Because its leading role Li Mei is famous as the ‘Chinese Venus’.
C. Because it conveys the popular messages of loyalty towards love.
D. Because the story is easy to be fully understood by foreigners.
15. What is Li Mei’s greatest contribution to Qinqiang opera
A. She won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses.
B. She brought Li Huiniang, the bitter dead Lady in Ghost’s Hate to life.
C. She explored many theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang opera.
D. She spread one of Chinese traditional cultures to the other side of the world.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What makes you cry Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our faces. _______16_______
When you think about it, shedding tears from your eyes can cause embarrassment or confusion. But it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset. _________17_________ However, the feeling is the same – your cheeks puff up, your eyes tighten and before you know it, tears are streaming down your face. Some of us may weep a little while others might cry like a baby.
A study in the UK in 2017 found that women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research. ________18________Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings The debate continues.
One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace.___19___ Someone might be stressed with a heavy workload. And, as therapist Joanna Cross put it, “crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations and it’s a bit of a final straw moment.” She describes how someone might start weeping when they’re just asked to make a cup of tea. Actually, their stress has accumulated to the breaking point.
But crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. It can actually make you feel better.______20______Crying your eyes out shows others how you feel, so perhaps it’s a crying shame that more of us, particularly men, don’t cry more often.
A. Then how do we cope with it
B. This can be where emotions run high.
C People reach their breaking point in different ways.
D. We all have the power to cry, but is that a good thing
E. Maybe it dissolves or clears the negative feelings you’ve had.
F. What brings about this reaction differs from person to person.
G. But does this mean men don’t get as upset or emotional as women
第三部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We met in a support group for parents of children with special needs. It was the introduction night, and stories of heartbreak ____21____ the room as one parent after another discussed their child’s diagnosis and uncertain future, and the ____22____ that both the children and the parents faced.
I spoke of my developmentally ____23____ fifteen-month-old daughter, Meredith, who could not yet speak and could barely crawl, ____24____ walk. One day I left my daughter’s playground in tears after watching her silent ____25____ to move an inch, while her peers breezed by her, running to and talking about their new discovery. ____26____ to help my daughter learn to walk and talk, I thought it took precedence（优先）over my career. I decided to step off the ____27____ leading to management and left my position at a newspaper.
As I ____28____ out my heart to the support group, there were sympathetic nods and then it was Tonie’s ____29____. Her daughter, Madison, had ____30____ speech, and her son, Griffin, had autism（自闭症）. Tonie was the main ____31____ in her family, with only her state agency job as their primary ____32____ of support. Yes, as she told her story, she filled it with humor, and it was ____33____ that somehow she found joy in the sorrow, and ____34____ from the challenges. I knew I’d found a friend.
Tonie and I began to socialize outside the group, ____35____ laughter as well as tears, however small, and always concerning trials and successes.
21. A. broke B. enveloped C. connected D. formed
22. A. difficulties B. burdens C. mistakes D. drawbacks
23. A. abandoned B. unexpected C. disabled D. adopted
24. A. let go B. let down C. let off D. let alone
25. A. success B. adventure C. courage D. struggle
26. A. Delighted B. Determined C. Embarrassed D. Amazed
27. A. place B. dream C. ladder D. duty
28. A. found B. gave C. poured D. stuck
29. A. turn B. fault C. task D. work
30. A. fluent B. delayed C. fantastic D. neglected
31. A. grown-up B. peacemaker C. breadwinner D. onlooker
32. A. source B. target C. course D. labor
33. A. ridiculous B. necessary C. common D. obvious
34. A. tension B. lesson C. hope D. ability
35. A. saving B. sharing C. testing D. trying
第二节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面各题，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
36. You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
37. One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school.
A. might B. could
C. shall D. will
38. Tom________________ show his exam results to his parents.
A. not dare B. dared not C. dare not to D. dares not
39. Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A. shall B. must C. need D. might
40. It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A. mustn't B. can't
C. won't D. needn't
41. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ___________ have taken it
A. need B. must
C. should D. could
42. —She looks very happy. She ____have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. might D. must
43. The doctor recommended that you _____ swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
44. —You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
A. have been practising B. was practising
C. would practise D. had practised
45. They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
46. I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
A had hoped B. am hoping
C. have hoped D. would hope
47. More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
A. are made B. will be made
C. are being made D. have been made
48. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
49. I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A. was driving B. have driven
C. would drive D. drove
50. The book ________________ well and all the copies ________________.
A. sells; have sold out B. is sold; have been sold out
C. sells; have been sold out D. is selling; will be sold out
第三节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适合的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I went to a classical music concert yesterday and I loved it. ___51___ I particularly experienced in a different way is how much I appreciated the musicians. I am so grateful for the gifts ___52___(share) by the musicians with the audience ___53___ I’ll carry this special feeling along with me.
I have noticed how the music can change one’s view, and I am thankful for the way musicians work to the best of their ___54___ (able) to provide this music for their audience. This newfound appreciation is thanks to the kindness that I have been allowed ___55___ (develop) here on KindSpring and from all of you KindSpringers.
On the topic of classical music, I always loved the clapping and the cheering ___56___ come at the end of a concert. ___57___ (specific) in classical music concerts the applause can last to six or seven minutes. It always ___58___ (lift) my spirit, but now I know that it’s___59___ it is an act of gratitude (感激) to the musicians and the music. Thanks to classical music concerts, I’ll never fail to carry on ___60___the act.
第四部分 单词拼写（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据首字母提示、中文提示及英文释义，在句子空白处填入适当的词。
61. His d________________ to his job left him with very little free time. （根据首字母单词拼写）
62. Young people are very _______(敏感的) about their appearance. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
63. The police have l________________ an investigation into the incident. （根据首字母单词拼写）
64. His ________________ (高尚的) deeds were thought highly of by the people present. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
65 It’s u________________ acknowledged that China is the largest developing country in the world. （根据首字母单词拼写）
66. The food is sent to the classroom for the _________________ (方便) of the students. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
67. He swam to the shore against a strong c________________ . （根据首字母单词拼写）
68. His speech left a deep ________________ (印象) on the audience. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
69. The main character’s t________________ of fate in the novel appeal to readers. （根据首字母单词拼写）
70. We ________________ (偶尔) meet and have a drink at weekends. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
第五部分 写作（共 1 节，满分 15 分）
应用文写作（满分 15 分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友将学习汉语，她发来邮件请求推荐一本学习汉语的书，请你用英
语写一封推荐“Elementary Spoken Chinese”这本书， 内容包括：
1.说明写信的目的；
2.推荐这本书的原因；
3. 希望获得重视，期待答复。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
