外研版(2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first重点单词变形,语法,短语,句型练习(含解析)

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名称 外研版(2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first重点单词变形,语法,短语,句型练习(含解析)
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Unit 6 Earth first
重点单词变形,短语,句型,语法练习
重点单词
1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→ adj.害怕的;惊恐的
2.fortunately adv.幸运地→ adj.幸运的→ n.运气;财富
3.extinction n.灭绝,绝种→ adj.灭绝的
4.devote v.致力,献身,倾注→ adj.挚爱的;投入的→ n.致力;献身
5.cruelty n.残忍,残酷,残暴→ adj.残忍的;残酷的→ adv.残忍地;残酷地
6.hunting n.打猎,狩猎→ v.打猎,狩猎
7.affect v.影响→ n.影响
8.fog n.雾 → adj.多雾的;有雾的
9.infection n.感染,传染病→ v.传染 → adj.传染的;传染性的
10.permission n.允许,许可→ v.允许;许可 n.许可证
11.urge v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促 n.强烈的欲望;迫切要求→ adj.紧急的;急迫的→ n.紧急;急迫
12.concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的→ v.担忧;涉及 n.担忧
→ prep.关于;就……而言
contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);贡献,捐献→ n.贡献
重点词组
1. 参考;涉及;指的是 2. 由于,因为 3. 害怕…… 4. 对……有影响 5. 偶然遇到 6. 而不是 7. 采取措施 8. 把……误当作…… 9. 分解;出故障;谈判失败;(健康、精神等)垮掉 10. 常识 11. 把……考虑进去 12. 号召
一、语法填空
1.Without parents’ (permit), the teenagers should not go to meet online friends alone.
2.Due his efforts, he was admitted into a key university.
3.Wires convey (electric) from power stations to the users.
4.With the school music festival (approach), I’d like to invite you to take part in it.
5.As far as I’m (concern), we can play basketball twice a week.
6.I suggested that we break off for tea in an attempt (reduce)nervousness.
7.The children were (flood) with flowers.
8.I found myself bored and (ache) from doing the same moves over and over again.
9. (concern) about his son’s safety, the mother stayed awake waiting for him all night.
10. (fortunate), we know how to handle situations like this.
11.With the math problem (approach), we waved goodbye to our teacher and left the classroom.
12.There is a saying that the (infect) has been present in humans for a very long time.
13.If we don’t take measures to protect the animal, it will face (extinct) one day.
14. (sustain) development of the environment is closely related to human culture.
15.For the (major) of people who attend college, when you choose it that’s more or less going to factor into whatever career path you wind up taking.
16.They treated the (adopt) son as if he were their own child.
17.His (cruel) to the cat in the video made the netizens quite angry.
18.The airline’s insurer(保险公司)is responsible for (damage). (用所给词的适当形式填空)
19.Even the most gifted can have confidence (destroy) by the wrong instructor.
20.I made a (reserve) in this restaurant yesterday.
21.An unhappy home environment can (effect) a child’s behaviour.
22.The (present) of prizes began after the speeches.
23.She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and (contribute) greatly to the sport, which has made her the most popular figure in China’s volleyball history.
24.It is never too much (highlight) the necessity of punctuality for a job seeker.
25.When I arrived home, I found my homework (leave) in the classroom.
26.The doctor there said that she would be in danger of death if the (infect) spread.
27.They scared him into (hand) over the money.
28.The crops died during the (dry).
29.The experts were (concern) about the future of the cultural heritage which have been damaged by local people.
30.When I was making my (present) in front of the class, there was a power cut.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is the capital city of China. It 31 (cover) an area of around 17, 000 square kilometers, in which there are different kinds of bird habitats (栖息地), 32 (include) grassland, scrubland (灌木丛林地), wetland, and also agricultural land. Researchers call these areas “service stations,” where migrating (迁徙) birds stop 33 (rest) and feed. But the birds ‘“service stations” re 34 (rapid) closing in Beijing, as the city considers scrubland, grassland and old agricultural land to be “dirty” and “ugly”.
The loss of grassland and scrubland is already having a major influence 35 Beijing’s bird life. In the north of Beijing, the land around Miyun used to be visited by thousands of cranes (鹤). Now, much of that land is covered with man-made forest and 36 number of cranes there has greatly fallen.
“Cranes are rare and valuable animals in China. At Miyun, a festival 37 (hold) to celebrate the migration of cranes every year,” one researcher, Townshend, says. “Because it is Beijing, we can attract many people—both local people 38 visitors.”
“More cooperation (合作) between 39 (country) is needed,” Townshend adds. “Migratory birds are a shared natural heritage (遗产), and with this comes a common 40 (responsible) to protect them and the places they need,” he says.
二、单词拼写
41.Millions (影响) by Covid-19, which resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of people.
42.With so many people (集中) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous.
43.Actually, in western country there are still many people whose (态度) towards marriage is rather traditional.
44.The (大多数) of the students in CFLS look forward to learning English in the future.
45.They often (捐赠) food and clothing to the poor.
46.The (运动) is designed to increase public awareness of the problem
47.I have prepared a short (幻灯片) presentation to give you a picture of the local market.
48.Over 200 residents had to leave their homes as (洪水) waters rose.
49.The young man had an (强烈欲望) for the astronomy as a child and decided to throw himself into the field when growing up.
50.Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found (粘) to bushes.
51.I think you had better have that tooth (拔出).
52.If you want to improve your situation you must (采取) a positive mental attitude.
53.It has been (去除) from the endangered species list.
54.For more (小册子) about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu.org.
55.Water, food, and (电) were hard to get.
三、翻译
56.在做决定之前,你应该考虑到各个方面。(take...into account) (汉译英)
57.成功不仅仅在于你做了什么,你没有做什么也同样重要。(depend on) (汉译英)
58.大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。(majority) (汉译英)
59.能源公司在设计新产品时,必须把环保问题考虑进去。 (take ... into account) (汉译英)
60.请避免使用塑料袋,因为它们很难分解。 (break down) (汉译英)
61.只有当资源耗尽时, 人们才会真正意识到对大自然造成的破坏是无法修复的。(repair n. ) (汉译英)
62.暴风雨将会导致这座沿海城市被淹没。(result in)(汉译英)
63.面对问题而不是逃避问题是解决事情的最好的方法。(rather than) (汉译英)
64.部分道路被洪水淹没,这使得我们的旅行变得更加艰难。(flood) (汉译英)
65.2021年,一场洪水袭击了郑州,造成了严重的损害。(strike; cause) (汉译英)
参考答案:
1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→scared adj.害怕的;惊恐的 2.fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n.运气;财富 3.extinction n.灭绝,绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的 4.devote v.致力,献身,倾注→devoted adj.挚爱的;投入的→devotion n.致力;献身 5.cruelty n.残忍,残酷,残暴→cruel adj.残忍的;残酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地;残酷地 6.hunting n.打猎,狩猎→hunt v.打猎,狩猎 7.affect v.影响→effect n.影响 8.fog n.雾 →foggy adj.多雾的;有雾的 9.infection n.感染,传染病→infect v.传染 →infectious adj.传染的;传染性的 10.permission n.允许,许可→permit v.允许;许可 n.许可证 11.urge v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促 n.强烈的欲望;迫切要求→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的→urgency n.紧急;急迫 12.concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的→concern v.担忧;涉及 n.担忧→concerning prep.关于;就……而言 13.contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);贡献,捐献→contribution n.贡献
1.refer to参考;涉及;指的是 2.due to由于,因为 3.be scared of害怕…… 4.have an effect upon对……有影响 5.come across偶然遇到 6.rather than而不是 7.take steps采取措施 8.mistake...for...把……误当作…… 9.break down分解;出故障;谈判失败;(健康、精神等)垮掉 10.common sense常识 11.take...into account把……考虑进去 12.call on号召
1.permission
【详解】考查名词。句意:没有父母的允许,青少年不应该单独去见网友。名词所有格parents’后接名词形式在句中作宾语。permit的名词形式为permission。表抽象意义,不可数,故填permission。
2.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:由于他的努力,他被一所重点大学录取了。表示“由于,因为”短语为due to,故填to。
3.electricity
【详解】考查名词。句意:电线把电从发电站输送给用户。作动词的宾语,应用名词electricity,不可数。故填electricity。
4.approaching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着学校音乐节的临近,我想邀请你参加。分析句子可知,这里为with的复合结构,approach为动词,意为“临近”,和the school music festival之间是主动关系,且这里表示学校音乐节正在临近,故使用现在分词作宾补。故填approaching。
5.concerned
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:就我而言,我们可以一周打两次篮球。As far as I’m concerned为固定短语,意为“在我看来,就我而言”,符合句意,故填concerned。
6.to reduce
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我建议我们停下来喝杯茶,以缓解紧张情绪。名词attempt后要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to reduce。
7.flooded
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:孩子们被鲜花淹没了。分析句意可知,flood和主语The children之间是被动关系,所以本句语态用被动语态;再根据空格前的were可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填flooded。
8.aching
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:我发现自己因为一遍又一遍地做同样的动作而感到无聊和痛苦。设空处与bored并列作宾语补足语,宾语myself与动词ache“疼痛,感到痛苦”之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词aching。故填aching。
9.Concerned
【详解】考查形容词。句意:由于担心儿子的安全,这位母亲彻夜未眠等着他。空格处用形容词作状语,主语the mother是人,用形容词concerned修饰,意为“担心的”,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Concerned。
10.Fortunately
【详解】考查副词。句意:幸运的是,我们知道如何应对这样的情况。分析句子可知,空处应填副词fortunately作状语,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Fortunately。
11.approached
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:数学问题解决了,我们向老师挥手告别,离开了教室。分析句子结构可知,这里为with的复合结构。介词with后名词the math problem与approach“解决”之间为被动关系,且该动作已经完成,所以用过去分词作宾补。故填approached。
12.infection
【详解】考查名词。句意:有一种说法是,这种感染在人类身上已经存在很长时间了。分析句子结构,这是一个包含同位语从句的复合句,空白处在同位语从句中做主语使用名词,infect为动词,其名词为:infection,不可数名词。故填infection。
13.extinction
【详解】考查名词。句意:如果我们不采取措施保护这种动物,总有一天它会面临灭绝。根据空前动词“face”可知,应为不可数名词extinction作宾语。故填extinction。
14.Sustainable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:环境的可持续发展与人类文化息息相关。分析句子可知,空处是修饰development的定语,形容词sustainable“可持续的”符合题意,sustainable development表示“可持续发展”,且空处位于句首,sustainable的首字母需大写。故填Sustainable。
15.majority
【详解】考查名词。句意:对于大多数上大学的人来说,当你选择大学时,这或多或少会影响到你最终走上的职业道路。结合句意及空前the可知,空处应填major的名词形式majority,the majority of...表示“大多数……”。故填majority。
16.adopted
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们把那个收养的儿子当作自己的孩子对待。根据“son”可知,空处需填形容词作定语,adopted作形容词,表示“领养的,收养的”,符合句意。故填adopted。
17.cruelty
【详解】考查名词。句意:他在视频中对猫的虐待让网友们非常愤怒。此处作主语,应用名词cruelty,不可数名词。故填cruelty。
18.damages
【详解】考查名词复数形式。句意:这家航空公司的保险公司负责损害赔偿金。分析句子可知,for为介词,后应接名词;又因damage表示“损害赔偿金”时,要用复数形式。故填damages。
19.destroyed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:即使是最有天赋的人也会被错误的教练摧毁自信。由by the wrong instructor和句意可知,宾语confidence和动词destroy是被动关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语,have sth. done固定搭配,意为“让某事被做”,故填destroyed。
20.reservation
【详解】考查名词。句意:我昨天在这家餐馆预定了房间。根据前文冠词a可知,此处应用单数名词reservation作宾语,make a reservation“预约”是固定短语。故填reservation。
21.affect
【详解】考查动词。句意:不愉快的家庭环境会影响孩子的行为。分析句子结构可知,此处位于情态动词之后,所以此处应为动词原形,effect的动词应为affect意为“影响”,且与主语之间为主动关系。故填affect。
22.presentation
【详解】考查名词。句意:在演讲结束后开始颁奖。此处应用名词presentation作主语,表示“颁发;颁奖仪式”,为不可数名词,故填presentation。
23.has contributed
【详解】考查动词。句意:35年来,她一直是一名排球明星,为这项运动做出了巨大贡献,这使她成为中国排球历史上最受欢迎的人物。分析句子,设空处使用动词,此处使用现在完成时,与空前的has been构成并列结构,表示动作从过去发生持续到现在,并对现在有影响。故填has contributed。
24.to highlight
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:对于一个求职者而言,再怎么强调守时的必要性都不为过。分析句子结构可知,本句中It是形式主语,设空处应为不定式作真正的主语,所以此处应使用不定式形式。故填to highlight。
25.left
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我到家时,我发现我的家庭作业被放在了教室里。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动词,leave与逻辑主语homework之间是被动关系,空处应用过去分词形式left作宾语补足语。故填left。
26.infection
【详解】考查名词。句意:那里的医生说,如果感染扩散,她将有死亡的危险。设空处使用infect的名词infection作主语,意为“感染”。故填infection。
27.handing
【详解】考查动名词。句意:他们威胁他交出了钱。scare sb. into doing sth.意为“威胁某人做某事,恐吓某人做某事”,动名词作介词into的宾语。故填handing。
28.drought
【详解】考查名词。句意:庄稼在干旱期间枯死了。分析句子,设空处使用dry的名词drought作宾语,意为“干旱”。故填drought。
29.concerned
【详解】考查形容词。句意:专家们担心被当地人破坏的文化遗产的未来。空格处用形容词作表语,be concerned about“对……担心”是固定短语,concerned是形容词,意为“担心的”,故填concerned。
30.presentation
【详解】考查名词。句意:当我在全班同学面前做自我介绍时停电了。由形容词性物主代词my判断空格处缺少名词。结合句意名词present(目前;现在;礼物;礼品)意思不合适,故填名词presentation(介绍),单数含义。my presentation做making的宾语。故填presentation。
31.covers 32.including 33.to rest 34.rapidly 35.on/upon 36.the 37.is held 38.and 39.countries 40.responsibility
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。北京分布着各种各样的鸟类栖息地,研究人员称这些地区为“服务站”。但北京的鸟类“服务站”正在迅速关闭,这已经对北京的鸟类生活产生了重大影响。
31.考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意:它占地面积约17000平方公里,其中有不同种类的鸟类栖息地,包括草地、灌木丛、湿地和农田。cover“占(一片面积)”。结合语境可知,本句陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语It是单数第三人称,谓语动词用三单形式。故填covers。
32.考查介词。句意:它占地面积约17000平方公里,其中有不同种类的鸟类栖息地,包括草地、灌木丛、湿地和农田。including“包括”,在此处用作介词,与其后的名词一起构成介词短语,作状语。故填including 。
33.考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员称这些区域为“服务站”,候鸟在这里休息和觅食。where引导的定语从句谓语为stop,此处为非谓语动词stop to do sth意思是“停下来去做某事”,应用rest“休息”的不定式形式,作宾语。故填to rest 。
34.考查副词。句意:但在北京,鸟类的“服务站”正在迅速关闭,因为这座城市认为灌木丛、草地和旧农田“肮脏”、“丑陋”。此处需要用副词rapidly“迅速地”,作状语,修饰谓语动词are closing。故填rapidly。
35.考查介词。句意:草地和灌木丛的减少已经对北京的鸟类生活产生了重大影响。influence常与介词on或upon连用,表示“对……的影响”。故填on或upon。
36.考查冠词。句意:现在,那里的大部分土地都被人造森林覆盖,那里的鹤的数量大大减少。结合句意可知,本空填冠词the,the number of表示“……的数量”。故填the。
37.考查动词语态。句意:“鹤在中国是稀有而珍贵的动物。在密云,每年都会举行一个庆祝鹤的迁徙的节日,”研究人员汤森德说。结合时间状语every year可知,表示习惯性动作,应用一般现在时,主语a festival是与hold“举行”为被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is held。
38.考查连词。句意:因为是在北京,我们可以吸引很多人——当地人和游客。结合语境可知,本空填连词and,both...and...“不仅……而且……,……和……(两者)都”。故填and。
39.考查名词复数。句意:汤森德补充说:“国家之间需要加强合作。”根据between可知,此处需要用名词country“国家”的复数形式。故填countries。
40.考查名词。句意:他说:“候鸟是共同的自然遗产,随之而来的是保护它们和它们需要的地方的共同责任。”空格中所填单词在句中作主语,需用其名词形式responsibility“责任”,结合空前的a可知,应用单数形式。故填responsibility。
41.were affected
【详解】考查动词。句意:数百万人受到Covid-19的影响,导致数万人死亡。根据句意和resulted可知,事情发生在过去,故时态用一般过去时。“影响”用动词affect表示,与主语Millions为被动关系,主句用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用were。故填were affected。
42.focusing
【详解】考查动词。句意:有那么多人盯着他看,他感到很紧张。结合“their eyes on him”可知,“集中”应用动词focus,focus one’s eyes on意为“集中目光于,盯着”,且空处为with复合结构中的宾语补足语,是非谓语动词,focus和so many people逻辑上是主动关系,focus应用现在分词的形式。故填focusing。
43.attitude
【详解】考查名词。句意:事实上,在西方国家仍然有很多人对婚姻的态度是相当传统的。设空处在定语从句中作主语,“态度”为名词attitude;由空后谓语动词is可知,空处名词需用单数。故填attitude。
44.majority
【详解】考查名词。句意:CFLS的大多数学生期待着将来学习英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是定冠词,所以空处应填名词作主语,根据所给中文提示词,应是majority意为“大多数”,常用于the majority of结构中,意为“大多数”。故填majority。
45.contribute
【详解】考查动词。句意:他们经常捐赠食物和衣服给穷人。根据汉语提示可知应用动词contribute,作谓语,结合often可知为一般现在时,主语为They,谓语用原形。故填contribute。
46.campaign
【详解】考查名词。句意:这场运动旨在提高公众对这一问题的认识。根据句意及汉语提示可知,空处应填名词campaign“运动”在句中作主语,由is可知,应填名词单数。故填campaign。
47.slide
【详解】考查名词。句意:我准备了一个简短的幻灯片,让大家对当地市场有个了解。根据汉语提示可知应用名词slide,作宾语,不定冠词提示用单数。故填slide。
48.flood
【详解】考查名词。句意:洪水上涨,200多名居民不得不离开家园。根据汉语提示“洪水”可知,此处使用名词flood,作定语,修饰waters。故填flood。
49.urge
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个年轻人从小就对天文学有一种强烈的渴望,并决定长大后投身于这一领域。根据汉语提示可知,此处应填名词urge,作宾语,空前有不定冠词an,应用名词单词形式,构成短语have an urge for表示“对……有一种强烈的渴望”。故填urge。
50.clinging
【详解】考查动词。句意:在许多地方看到了爪印,在灌木丛中发现了紧贴着的美洲狮皮毛。根据汉语提示“粘”可知,此处使用动词cling。动词cling和puma fur之间是主动关系,用cling的现在分词形式,作补足语。故填clinging。
51.extracted
【详解】考查动词。句意:我想你最好把那颗牙拔掉。动词extract“拔出”符合句意,设空处在句中作宾语补足语,宾语that tooth与动词extract之间为逻辑上的被动关系,设空处应填过去分词表被动。故填extracted。
52.adopt
【详解】考查动词。句意:如果你想改善你的处境,你必须采取积极的心态。结合“a positive mental attitude”可知,“采取”应用动词adopt,表示“采取积极的心态”,且空前有情态动词must,adopt应用原形。故填adopt。
53.removed
【详解】考查动词。句意:它已从濒危物种名单中删除。根据汉语提示可知应用动词remove,作谓语,与主语构成被动关系,结合上文has been可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填removed。
54.brochures
【详解】考查名词。句意:欲了解更多关于秘鲁周边其他旅行团的宣传册,请联系我们:tourinfo@travelperu.org。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用名词brochure“小册子”,结合空前的more可知,小册子不止一个,应用名词复数形式,作For的宾语。故填brochures。
55.electricity
【详解】考查名词。句意:水、食物和电难以获得。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中做主语使用名词,根据汉语提示,表示“电”含义的名词为:electricity,故填electricity。
56.You should take all aspects into account before you make a decision.
【详解】考查固定短语和时间状语从句。表示“你”应用代词you,作主句的主语;表示“应该考虑到”应用should take……into account,作主句的谓语,其中 take……into account为固定短语;表示“各个方面”应用名词短语all aspects,作主句的宾语;表示“在做决定之前”应用时间状语从句before you make a decision,其中make a decision为固定短语,意为“做决定”。故翻译为:You should take all aspects into account before you make a decision。
57.Success doesn’t only depend on what you do.What you don’t do is equally important.
【详解】考查固定短语、宾语从句和主语从句。表示“成功”应用名词success,为不可数名词,作主语;表示“不仅仅在于”应用doesn’t only depend on,作谓语,其中depend on为固定短语,意为“依靠”;表示“你做了什么”应用宾语从句what you do,作宾语。表示“你没有做什么”应用主语从句What you don’t do,作主语;因为主语从句作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,且本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,表示“是”应用is,为系动词;表示“也同样重要”应用equally important,作表语。故翻译为:Success doesn’t only depend on what you do. What you don’t do is equally important。
58.The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.
【详解】考查动名词、名词、形容词和时态。表示“大多”应用名词短语The majority of;表示“对……有害”的形容词短语为be harmful to;表示“吸烟”的动词为smoke;用作宾语从句的主语,应使用动名词形式,从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式;根据句意可知本句应使用一般现在时。故翻译为The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health。
59.Energy companies must take environmental issues into account when designing new products.
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“能源公司”译为energy companies作主语,用名词复数形式表示泛指,“必须”使用情态动词must,后接动词原形,“把……考虑进去”使用动词短语take...into account,“环保问题”译为environmental issues,“在设计新产品时”译为when引导的时间状语从句,从句主语也是energy companies,“设计”使用动词design,“新产品”译为new products,从句用现在进行时,译为when they (energy companies) are designing new products,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可将从句的主语和be动词省略,故翻译为:Energy companies must take environmental issues into account when designing new products.。
60.Please avoid using plastic bags, because they are hard to break down.
【详解】考查动词短语。“请”使用感叹词please,“避免做某事”使用动词短语avoid doing sth,“塑料袋”译为plastic bags,此处译为一个祈使句,使用动词原形开头,译为Please avoid using plastic bags;“因为”使用because引导原因状语从句,“难”使用形容词hard,“分解”使用动词短语break down,此处用“be+形容词+动词不定式”结构,是固定用法,描述一个事实应用一般现在时,故从句译为because they are hard to break down。综上,故翻译为:Please avoid using plastic bags, because they are hard to break down.。
61.Only when the resources run out /are used up will people realize that the damage they have caused to nature is beyond repair.
【详解】考查短语、时态、时间状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和倒装。 “only+状语从句”位于句首,主句用部分倒装结构;“当……时候”用连词when引导时间状语从句;“资源”翻译为 resource,泛指各种资源,用复数形式;“耗尽”用短语run out/use up;“人们”翻译为people,为主句主语;“意识到”翻译为realize,为主句谓语动词,后接宾语从句,从句不缺少成分且句意完整,所以用连接代词that;“破坏”翻译为damage;“对大自然造成的”翻译为 they have caused to nature,为定语成分,修饰名词damage;“无法修复”用短语beyond repair。根据句意,when引导时间状语从句用一般现在时;定语从句用现在完成时;宾语从句用一般现在时;主句用一般将来时。根据句意,故翻译为Only when the resources run out /are used up will people realize that the damage they have caused to nature is beyond repair.
62.The storm will result in the city along the coast being flooded.
【详解】考查时态、动词短语和非谓语动词。“暴风雨”用名词storm表达;“导致”用动词短语result in表达;“这座沿海城市”用短语the city along the coast表达;“这座沿海城市被淹没”作“导致(result in)”的宾语,“城市”与“淹没”之间为被动关系,“导致这座沿海城市被淹没”表达为result in the city along the coast being flooded;根据句意可知此句为一般将来时,故此句表达为The storm will result in the city along the coast being flooded.
63.Facing up to problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
【详解】考查句子结构。本句为主系表结构。主语部分“面对问题”可使用动名词短语facing up to problems,使用rather than否定“逃避问题(running away from them)”;表示“是解决事情的最好的方法”,使用系动词be一般现在时单数形式is,the best approach作表语,介词to 加动名词短语working things out作后置定语。故翻译为Facing up to problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
64.Some of the roads were flooded, which made our journey more difficult.
【详解】考查时态语态和定语从句。句子描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。“部分道路”译为some of the roads,“淹没”为动词flood,此处表示“被淹没”为被动语态,“部分道路被洪水淹没”翻译为Some of the roads were flooded,“这使得我们的旅行变得更加艰难”写成非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子,且关系代词作主语,应用which来引导,“使得我们的旅行变得更加艰难”译为make our journey more difficult,故整句翻译为Some of the roads were flooded, which made our journey more difficult.。
65.In 2021, a flood struck Zhengzhou, causing serious damage/which caused serious damage/and caused serious damage.
【详解】考查一般过去时、现在分词或定语从句。根据“2021年”可知,事情发生在过去,所以应用一般过去时。表示“洪水”应用名词flood,根据提示可知,表示“袭击”应用动词strike,表示“造成”应用动词cause。动词cause和主句构成主动关系,且表示意料之中的结果,所以可用现在分词作结果状语。也可用非限制性定语从句修饰主句,非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,且修饰句子,所以应用关系代词which。也可用连词and连接两个并列的谓语。表示“严重的”应用形容词serious,表示“伤害”应用名词damage。再结合其它汉语意思,故翻译为In 2021, a flood struck Zhengzhou, causing serious damage/which caused serious damage/and caused serious damage.