Unit 4 Then and now单元讲义+练习（含解析）

Unit 4 Then and now
一、重点词汇: dining hall 饭厅 grass 草坪 gym体育馆 ago从前cycling 骑自行车运动
go cycling 去骑自行车 ice-skate滑冰badminton羽毛球运动....year(s) ago (几)年前
...month(s) ago (几)个月前 last year 去年 last month上个月
二、其他词汇
star星 easy容易的 look up查阅 Internet互联网 different不同的active积极的 race赛跑　nothing没有什么　thought想（think的过去式）　felt感觉（feel的过去式）　　cheetah猎豹 trip绊倒　woke（wake的过去式）醒 dream梦 suddenly突然
三、表达
tell us about...告诉我们关于......的情况 at night在晚 look up查阅
in my time我那时（过去时间） at that time（在那时） on the Internet在互联网上
on a hill在山丘上 That’s good exercise.那是很好的锻炼。 wear glasses戴眼镜
How about now 现在呢？（注意，about后面如果加动词，要用ing形式）
love/like to+动词原形 had a race with...和......赛跑 feel good
a second race第二场赛跑 ran like a cheetah像猎豹一样奔跑 win the race赢得赛跑 tripped and fell绊倒 woke up醒来 That’s funny!那很有趣！
四、公式化句型
1. There was no library in my old school. 我以前的学校里没有图书馆。（no=not a/any）
（在过去的时间里某处没有某物的句型）
=There was not a library in my old school.
否定句句型结构: There + be 动词(was/were) + not+a/any +事物（+过去的时间+其他）.
或：There + be 动词(was/were) + no+事物（+过去的时间+其他）.
举一反三: There was a tall building five years ago. 五年前这里有一座高建筑物。(肯定句)
There was not a tall building five years ago. 五年前这里没有一座高建筑物。(否定句)
= There was no tall building five years ago. 五年前这里没有高建筑物。(否定句)
通常情况下, there be句型的否定我们常用第二种形式。
即: There + be 动词(was/were) + no+事物（+过去的时间+其他）.
(注意,这里some和any 的变化, some 用于肯定句, any 用于疑问句和否定句。)
2. Before, I was quiet. Now, I’m very active in class. 以前,我很安静。现在,我在课堂上非常活跃。
(表示过去和现在对比的句型,注意一般现在时和一般过去时的区别。)
结构：Before, I was...Now, I’m....
一般过去时:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。基本结构:主语 + was/were + 形容词/名词/介词短语 + 过去时间.
举一反三: I was fat at that time. 那时候我很胖。
一般现在时:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或动作。
举一反三: I am short. 我很矮。
五、其他句型
1.Tell us about your school, please. 请给我们讲讲您的学校吧。
2.How do/did you know that 你是怎么知道的？
3.There were no computers or Internet in my time .(There be句型中，be动词的选取遵循就近原则)
4.I was short, so I couldn’t ride my bike well. Now I go cycling everyday.
我很矮，所以我骑不好自行车。现在我每天都骑车。
典型例题
一、选择题
1．There ______ no library in my school ten years ago. ( )
A．are B．was C．were
2．Were there _______ tall buildings in the city ( )
A．a B．some C．any
3．I ______ it ______ on the Internet. ( )
A．looked; about B．looked; up C．look; for
4．Before, we ______ have a library, and there ______ any computer rooms at all. ( )
A．did; wasn’t B．didn’t; weren’t C．don’t; aren’t
5．Alice ______ to school by bus every day. ( )
A．is going B．go C．goes
6．Mike ______ yesterday. Now he is ______. ( )
A．had a cold; sleeping B．had a cold; sleep C．have a cold; slept
二、填空题
7．My brother (not like) playing football two years ago.
8．She couldn’t (swim) in the river before.
9．In your two-year-old photo, you (be) so cute.
10．Before, he couldn’t go cycling. Now, he (go) cycling every day.
11．—How about now
—Now, I love to (滑冰) and play (羽毛球).
12．Bob c play the erhu before. But now he c play it well.
13．It is raining. The pupils will have the PE class in the g .
14．We’re going to eat lunch in the d .
三、连词成句
15．school, a, There, my, is, new, hall, in, dining (.)
16．last, I, a, night, had, dream (.)
17．there, many, were, there, people (.)
18．summer, like, I, didn’t (.)
19．us, about, please, ago, years, tell, your, brother, two (.)
四、句型转换
20．These are green beans. (变为一般疑问句)
green beans
21．I liked winter before. (改为否定句)
I winter before.
22．There were no libraries in my time. (同义句)
There libraries in my time.
23．—I liked riding a horse before. How about you (作否定回答)
—I riding a horse. I liked fishing.
24．Did you read books in the library before (做否定回答）
五、补全对话/短文
情景运用。选择正确的句子，补全下面对话，并将字母番号填在横线上。
A: Hi, Bear. 25
B: I went to the moon. I’m excited.
A: Really 26
B: I saw Chang’e, Wu Dong, the rabbit, beautiful trees and houses.
A: 27
B: I picked some apples and caught some fish.
A: When did you come back
B: 28 I think I came back before I got up this morning.
A: Aha, I know! 29
A．Sorry, I don’t know.
B．Where did you go last night
C．What did you see there
D．You did all these in your dream.
E．What did you do there
六、匹配题
为下列描述选择相符的图片。(填序号)
A． B．C． D．
30．Oliver tripped and fell in the football game last Friday. He was very sad. ( )
31．I become a scientist and worked in a university in my dream last night. ( )
32．David’s grandpa was a basketball player before. He was tall and strong. Now he is old. But he is healthy. ( )
33．There was a running race in the playground. And there were many animals in the race. They all ran very fast. ( )
七、阅读理解
阅读短文，选择正确答案。
Tony is a pilot. He came to his old school yesterday. He is happy because his old school is very different now. Twenty year ago, it was small. There were only two small houses. Now, there are five tall buildings. Before, there was no gym in his school. Now, there is a new one. Tony was short when he was at school. And he couldn’t ride his bike well. He often walked to school. Now he is taller and stronger than before. He likes cycling very much. He goes cycling every weekend. He loves his teachers and likes his school very much.
34．Tony was _______ twenty years ago. ( )
A．a student B．a teacher C．a singer
35．Has his school changed a lot ( )
A．No, it isn’t. B．Yes, it has. C．Yes, it is.
36．How did he often go to school before ( )
A．By bike. B．By bus. C．On foot.
37．What does he like do _______ now ( )
A．reading B．cycling C．dance
38．Now he is _______ than before. ( )
A．stronger B．shorter and stronger C．taller and stronger
阅读短文，判断句子对错。正确的写T，错误的写F。
My name is Li Lei. I am from a small village. It is my hometown (家乡). It was poor (贫穷) before, but now it is rich (富裕的). Six years ago there weren’t any tall buildings. There were only some small houses. The river was big and clean. People didn’t go to work by car. They went by bus, by bike or on foot. There was no computers before at school, but now we have computers in my classroom. There are many new buildings now. People can go to work by car. But the river isn’t big and clean now.
39．Li Lei’s hometown is a small village. ( )
40．Before Li Lei’s hometown was poor. ( )
41．There were some tall buildings before. ( )
42．The river wasn’t big before. ( )
43．People went to work by bus, by bike or on foot before. ( )
44．In Li Lei’s school, there are some computers now. ( )
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：十年前我的学校没有图书馆。本题考查there be句型。ten years ago十年前，是一般过去时的标志词，library是可数名词单数，be用is的过去式was，故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：城市里有高楼吗？本题考查不定代词。some/any修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，a修饰可数名词单数，tall buildings是可数名词复数，句子是一般疑问句，不定代词用any，故选C。
3．B
【详解】句意：我从网上查的。本题考查动词短语，look up查阅，look for寻找，look up符合句意，故选B。
4．B
【详解】句意：以前，我们没有图书馆，也没有一些计算机房。本题考查助动词和There be结构。any可知句子是否定句，before是一般过去时，句子含有实意动词，变为否定句借助于助动词didn’t，computer rooms为复数，there be句型中，be动词用weren’t，故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：爱丽丝每天坐公交车去上学。本题考查动词的形式，A选项是一般将来时；B动词原形；C动词的第三人称单数形式，根据every day可知句子是一般现在时，主语Alice是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故选C。
6．A
【详解】句意：迈克昨天感冒了。现在他在睡觉。本题考查动词的形式，由yesterday可知题干第一句为一般过去时，其后动词用动词的过去式，have a cold感冒，过去式为had a cold；由Now可知题干第二句为现在进行时，其结构为主语＋be动词＋动词的现在分词形式，故选A。
7．didn’t like
【详解】句意：我哥哥/弟弟两年前不喜欢踢足球。本题考查助动词。two years ago两年前，是一般过去时的标志词，助动词用did，did not的缩写是didn’t，后跟动词原形，故答案为didn’t like。
8．swim
【详解】句意：她以前不会在河里游泳。本题考查动词的形式。couldn’t后跟动词原形，故答案为swim。
9．were
【详解】句意：在你两岁的照片中，你是如此的可爱。本题考查be动词。根据句意可知句子是一般过去时，主语是you，be用are的过去式were，故答案为were。
10．goes
【详解】句意：以前，他不会骑自行车。现在，他每天骑自行车。本题考查动词的形式。every day是一般现在时的标志词，he是第三人称单数，所以动词用第三人称单数，go的第三人称单数是goes，故答案为goes。
11． ice-skate badminton
【详解】句意：—现在怎么样？—现在，我喜欢滑冰和打羽毛球。本题考查动词的形式和动词短语。喜欢干某事love to do/doing sth，滑冰ice-skate，and连接同级，第一空填动词原形，打羽毛球play badminton。故答案为ice-skate，badminton。
12． can’t/an’t can/an
【详解】句意：鲍勃以前不会拉二胡。但他现在可以拉的很好。本题考查情态动词，can可以，会，can't不可以，不会。根据常识推断，应是以前不会拉二胡，但是现在会拉，故答案为can't；can。
13．gym/ym
【详解】句意：现在正在下雨。学生们将要在体育馆上体育课。本题考查名词辨析，根据语境应该是体育馆gym。故答案为gym。
14．dining hall/ining hall
【详解】句意：我们要去饭厅吃午饭。本题考查名词词组，根据句意可知去饭厅吃午饭，饭厅dining hall，故答案为dining hall。
15．There is a new dining hall in my school.
【详解】本题考查句子结构。in my school在我的学校里，a一个，There is有，new新的，dining hall餐厅，根据所给句号和单词，可知句子是there be句型，根据词义连成句子：我的学校有一个新的餐厅。故答案为There is a new dining hall in my school.
16．I had a dream last night.
【详解】本题考查句子结构。last night昨晚，I我，had a dream做了一个梦，根据所给句号和单词，可知句子是陈述句，根据词义连成句子：我昨晚做了一个梦。故答案为I had a dream last night.
17．There were many people there.
【详解】本题考查句子结构。there were有，many很多，there那里，people人，根据所给句号和单词，可知句子是there be句型，根据词义连成句子：那里有很多人。故答案为There were many people there.
18．I didn’t like summer.
【详解】本题考查句子结构。summer夏天，like喜欢，I我，didn’t没有，根据所给句号和单词，可知句子是陈述句，根据词义连成句子：我不喜欢夏天。故答案为I didn’t like summer.
19．Please tell us about your brother two years ago.
【详解】本题考查句子结构。us我们，about关于，please请，two years ago两年前，tell告诉，your你的，brother哥哥/弟弟，根据所给所给句号和单词，可知句子是祈使句，根据词义连成句子：请告诉我们两年前你哥哥/弟弟的情况。故答案为Please tell us about your brother two years ago.
20． Are these
【详解】句意：这些是绿豆。本题考查句型转换，题干要求改为一般疑问句，可知需要将be动词提前，故答案为Are；these。
21．didn’t like
【详解】原句句意：我以前喜欢冬天。本题考查句型转换，原句谓语动词liked是过去式，改为否定句，助动词用didn’t，didn’t后跟动词原形，liked的原形是like，故答案为didn’t like。
22． weren’t any
【详解】原句句意：我的时代没有图书馆。本题考查同义句转换，were no=were not any，were not的缩写是weren’t，故答案为weren’t，any。
23． didn’t like
【详解】句意：—我之前喜欢骑马。—你呢？—我不喜欢骑马。我喜欢钓鱼。本题考查句型转换，根据句意可知该句时态为一般过去时，作否定回答，like是实义动词，否定句需借助助动词用didn’t，后跟动词原形。故答案为didn’t；like。
24．No, I didn’t.
【详解】句意：你以前在图书馆看书吗？本题考查一般疑问句的答语。did引导的一般疑问句，主语是you，否定回答可为No, I didn’t. 故答案为No, I didn’t.
25．B 26．C 27．E 28．A 29．D
【导语】本文讲了梦境。
25．下句说：我去了月球。可知这句问去哪了，选项B“你昨晚去哪了？”符合语境，故选B。
26．下句说：我看见了嫦娥，吴东，兔子，漂亮的树和花。可知这句问看见了什么，选项C“你在那里看见了什么？”符合语境，故选C。
27．下句说：我摘了一些花和抓到了一些鱼。可知这句问做什么了，选项E“你在那里做了什么？”符合语境，故选E。
28．上句问：你什么时候回来的？下句说：我想我今天早上还没起床就回来了。可知这句说不知道，选项A“对不起，我不知道。”符合语境，故选A。
29．结合上文，选项D“你在梦中做了所有这些。”符合语境，故选D。
30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D
【解析】30．句意：奥利弗在上周五的足球比赛中绊倒了。他很伤心。图B中人物摔倒了，句图匹配，故选B。
31．句意：昨晚在我的梦里，我成为了一名科学家，并在一所大学工作。图C是在做梦，梦中在研究，句图匹配，故选C。
32．句意：大卫的爷爷以前是个篮球运动员。他又高又壮。现在他老了。但是他很健康。图A中人物之前是篮球运动员，老了后身体健康，句图匹配，故选A。
33．句意：操场上有一场跑步比赛。比赛中有很多动物。它们都跑得很快。图D中有很多动物在跑步比赛，句图匹配，故选D。
34．A 35．B 36．C 37．B 38．C
【导语】本文讲了托尼和学校的今昔对比。
34．句意：托尼二十年前是________。A学生，B老师，C歌手，根据“He came to his old school yesterday. He is happy because his old school is very different now. Twenty year ago, it was small.”，可知托尼二十年前是学生，故选A。
35．句意：他的学校改变了很多吗？根据“He is happy because his old school is very different now.”，可知他的学校改变了很多，答语为肯定回答，has提问用has回答，故选B。
36．句意：他以前经常怎么去上学？A骑自行车。B坐公共汽车。C步行。根据“He often walked to school.”，可知他以前经常步行去上学，故选C。
37．句意：他现在喜欢______。A阅读，B骑自行车，C跳舞，根据“He likes cycling very much.”，可知他喜欢骑自行车，故选B。
38．句意：现在他比以前_______。A更强壮的，B又矮又强壮，C又高又强壮，根据“Now he is taller and stronger than before.”，可知现在他比以前又高又强壮，故选C。
39．T 40．T 41．F 42．F 43．T 44．T
【导语】本文介绍了李磊的村庄。
39．句意：李磊的家乡是一个小村庄。根据“I am from a small village. It is my hometown (家乡).”，可知题干与短文相符，故答案为T。
40．句意：以前李磊的家乡很穷。根据“It was poor (贫穷) before, but now it is rich (富裕的).”，可知题干与短文相符，故答案为T。
41．句意：以前有一些高楼大厦。根据“Six years ago there weren’t any tall buildings.”，可知以前没有高楼大厦，故答案为F。
42．句意：河以前不大。根据“The river was big and clean.”，可知以前河很大，故答案为F。
43．句意：以前人们乘公共汽车、自行车或步行去上班。根据“People didn’t go to work by car. They went by bus, by bike or on foot.”，可知题干与短文相符，故答案为T。
44．句意：在李磊的学校里，现在有一些电脑。根据“There was no computers before at school, but now we have computers in my classroom.”，可知题干与短文相符，故答案为T。