外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Using language学历案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Using language学历案（无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-20 10:02:01 | ||
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英语学历案
选必一 Unit 5 Revealing Nature （第2课时）
Using language: Past perfect
自主学习【学】
【课标要求】
1. 本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，涉及的主题语境内容是认识与探索自然。
2. 语法部分的主要内容是过去完成时。
3. 本版块帮助学生深度聚焦语言的意义和功能，在真实的语境下进行思考和运用。
【学习目标】
理解过去完成时的用法，并在真实语境中运用。
学习并运用生物多样性、自然界相关的词汇和表达。
【自学评价】
重点词组
do research on … _____________
food shortages _____________
be blamed on _____________
compete for _____________
师生研学【研】
【学习过程】
Step1 Language perception
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. (P53)
a. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, …
b. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life.
1. In sentence (a), which action happened first, “suspected” or “evolved from a common ancestor”
2.In sentence (b), which action happened first, “refused to believe” or “evolved from lower forms of life”
3. What does the structure had done indicate
Step2 Thinking
Look for more sentences with the past perfect tense in the reading passage, and summarize its use in your own words.
Step3 Learning
过去完成时的基本用法：
1) 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
a.我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。
Before we got to the train station, the train had already left.
b.我还没来得及说谢谢，他就跑开了。
Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away.
2) 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有 by then, by the end of, by the time。
a.到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2000个英语单词了。
By the end of last term, we had learnt 2000 English words.
b.到那时为止，他们已经在那里住了十年了。
They had lived there for ten years by then.
3) 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如 hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan 等后接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。
a.我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会议要参加。
I had intended to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend.
b.我原希望今年去度假，可是我离不开。
I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I was not able to get away.
4) 在句型 hardly... when 和 no sooner… than 中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，表示“一……就……”。
a.我刚离开就开始下雨了。
Hardly had I left when it began to rain.
b.他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。
No sooner had he sat down than the telephone rang.
训练提升【练】
【当堂检测】
单句语法填空
1.I turned on the TV as soon as he ______ (enter) the room.
2. He regretted the moment he _______ (say) this.
3. We were relieved to learn that all the miners______ (rescue) from the accident.
4. The police found the lost boy. He______ (run) away from home five days before.
5. This was the first time I ______ (come) to your hometown.
6. Tom had to correct the mistakes in his composition that his teacher ______ (point) out.
7. By the end of last August, they ______(treat) over 5,000 patients.
阅读理解
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
1. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
2. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
3. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skillful Shape-Sorters
III 完形填空
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_____21_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____22____ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____23____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____24____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____25____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____26____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____27____. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek ____28____ during the daytime. He turned to the ____29____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _____30_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
____31____ young plants in the dry season was ______32______for a lone boy. Molai built at the _____33_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to______34______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai _____35_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
【布置作业】
___________________________________________________________________________________________
师生总结【结】
选必一 Unit 5 Revealing Nature （第2课时）
Using language: Past perfect
自主学习【学】
【课标要求】
1. 本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，涉及的主题语境内容是认识与探索自然。
2. 语法部分的主要内容是过去完成时。
3. 本版块帮助学生深度聚焦语言的意义和功能，在真实的语境下进行思考和运用。
【学习目标】
理解过去完成时的用法，并在真实语境中运用。
学习并运用生物多样性、自然界相关的词汇和表达。
【自学评价】
重点词组
do research on … _____________
food shortages _____________
be blamed on _____________
compete for _____________
师生研学【研】
【学习过程】
Step1 Language perception
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. (P53)
a. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, …
b. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life.
1. In sentence (a), which action happened first, “suspected” or “evolved from a common ancestor”
2.In sentence (b), which action happened first, “refused to believe” or “evolved from lower forms of life”
3. What does the structure had done indicate
Step2 Thinking
Look for more sentences with the past perfect tense in the reading passage, and summarize its use in your own words.
Step3 Learning
过去完成时的基本用法：
1) 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
a.我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。
Before we got to the train station, the train had already left.
b.我还没来得及说谢谢，他就跑开了。
Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away.
2) 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有 by then, by the end of, by the time。
a.到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2000个英语单词了。
By the end of last term, we had learnt 2000 English words.
b.到那时为止，他们已经在那里住了十年了。
They had lived there for ten years by then.
3) 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如 hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan 等后接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。
a.我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会议要参加。
I had intended to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend.
b.我原希望今年去度假，可是我离不开。
I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I was not able to get away.
4) 在句型 hardly... when 和 no sooner… than 中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，表示“一……就……”。
a.我刚离开就开始下雨了。
Hardly had I left when it began to rain.
b.他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。
No sooner had he sat down than the telephone rang.
训练提升【练】
【当堂检测】
单句语法填空
1.I turned on the TV as soon as he ______ (enter) the room.
2. He regretted the moment he _______ (say) this.
3. We were relieved to learn that all the miners______ (rescue) from the accident.
4. The police found the lost boy. He______ (run) away from home five days before.
5. This was the first time I ______ (come) to your hometown.
6. Tom had to correct the mistakes in his composition that his teacher ______ (point) out.
7. By the end of last August, they ______(treat) over 5,000 patients.
阅读理解
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
1. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
2. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
3. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skillful Shape-Sorters
III 完形填空
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_____21_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____22____ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____23____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____24____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____25____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____26____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____27____. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek ____28____ during the daytime. He turned to the ____29____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _____30_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
____31____ young plants in the dry season was ______32______for a lone boy. Molai built at the _____33_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to______34______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai _____35_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
【布置作业】
___________________________________________________________________________________________
师生总结【结】