【精品解析】四川省叙永第一中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题

四川省叙永第一中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题
一、第一部分，听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．（2024高三上·四川期末）When should the woman return the book according to the man
A．No later than next Tuesday.
B．No later than Saturday.
C．No later than next Friday.
2．（2024高三上·四川期末）How will the woman go downtown
A．By taxi. B．By car. C．By bus.
3．（2024高三上·四川期末）Why did the accident happen
A．One of the drivers drove after drinking.
B．The traffic signal stopped working.
C．The drivers didn't keep to the speed limit.
4．（2024高三上·四川期末）What does the man plan to do
A．Get a degree. B．Find a job. C．Leave the company.
5．（2024高三上·四川期末）How does the woman feel about the man
A．Angry. B．Envious. C．Pleased.
二、第一部分，听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
6．Whom did people usually marry in Russia in the past
A．Those with the same interests.
B．Those with the same background.
C．Those with the same profession.
7．What did the woman do when she met her husband
A．She was a scientist.
B．She was a teacher.
C．She was a musician.
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
8．What do we know about the girl
A．She is always bored.
B．She misses her family.
C．She is busy this weekend.
9．When did the girl see her family last time
A．On a holiday.
B．On her birthday.
C．At a relative's wedding.
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
10．What is this competition about
A．Saving energy at home.
B．Reducing noise pollution.
C．Using technology creatively.
11．What is the stone used for
A．Starting the machine.
B．Increasing air pressure.
C．Producing carbon dioxide.
12．Why does the woman come to the man
A．To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B．To find the right material for a model.
C．To study the approach to detailed drawings.
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
13．What do the speakers agree on heroes
A．They are like Superman in films.
B．They achieve great success in their work.
C．They are common people making important contributions.
14．Who is the man's hero
A．His grandfather. B．Great writers. C．Superman.
15．What does the woman think of story books without heroes
A．Unusual. B．Realistic. C．Dull.
16．What does the man mean in the end
A．It's hard to find great books.
B．It's great to do some reading.
C．It's good to help some people.
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听下面一段独白，回答问题。
17．Why did Jared Isaacman start the Inspiration 4 mission
A．To raise funds.
B．To do research.
C．To realize his dream.
18．What do we know about Haley Arceneaux
A．She had cancer at 29.
B．She was chosen as a NASA astronaut in 2009.
C．She is the youngest American in space.
19．What does Sian Proctor do
A．He's a doctor. B．He's a teacher. C．He's an astronaut.
20．Where was the orbit of the Inspiration 4 mission
A．93 miles above the Earth.
B．360 miles above the Earth.
C．575 miles above the Earth.
三、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
We can all think of times when people didn't make remembering easy. Directions given at machine-gun speed. New people introduced in a flood of names and handshakes. Whenever information is passed between people, it's all too easy for it to go in one ear and straight out of the other. Thankfully, the opposite is also true. Look around you, and you'll see parents who can get their children to remember exactly what they were told; advertisers who know how to imprint their sales messages on our brains.
So, how do they do Their secrets can be summed up in four simple words: focus, imagery, reasons and engagement.
FOCUS means ensuring that the person you're talking to can concentrate on learning. Choose your moment carefully. Check that they can properly hear or see the information. Communicate slowly and clearly enough for their memory to cope.
IMAGERY helps information to stick. Do everything your can to make other people "see" the ideas you're giving them. Add visual details to directions, and illustrate abstract concepts with metaphors.
REASONS to remember help people to put in the mental effort. So, make it clear that your words are important, and be explicit about why. Maybe this information will save them time, protect them from embarrassment, or let them enjoy a particular experience or event.
EMGAGEMENT requires you to ask questions. Point out links between new concepts and things listeners already know. Activate their senses, spark their curiosity, get them doing something physical, or simply make them laugh.
The next time you've got an important message to pass on, put some of these techniques to the test. You'll discover that there are benefits on both sides when you know how to FIRE people's memories into action.
21．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To report new research. B．To provide some advice.
C．To explain a problem. D．To define some terms.
22．How can you do to help a listener "focus" on what you are saying
A．Select the appropriate time to raise the topic.
B．Do something humorous to get their attention.
C．Make sure the information provided is correct.
D．Speak as slowly and clearly as you possibly can.
23．Explaining to listeners why your information is important is an example of ____.
A．FOCUS B．IMAGERY C．REASONS D．ENGAGEMENT
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
Najib is an Afghan who grew up in Iran. He led a tough life. When he found his children would be in the same situation, his family initially returned to Afghanistan. But with the country filled with conflicts, they decided to leave for Indonesia.
"When we first came here, we were in a bad situation. Its language, culture and even weather were different. We had moved away from friends and family," says Najib. "I was in a tough position but I acted strong because there were no other choices."
Refugees (难民) cannot work in Indonesia and there are limited choices for refugee children to attend local schools. Determined to avoid such a fate, a group of refugees in Puncak took action and scraped together (东拼西凑) their resources to set up a school—the Refugee Learning Center (RLC).
"Our only goal and task is to provide basic education, and prepare the refugee children for their future," says Abdullah Sarwari. "We're also trying to provide a normal life as much as possible for them."
The RLC has also started offering Bahasa Indonesia classes to the refugee community. "Between the refugee and the local community, I feel like there's a language barrier which stops the refugee from having an honest and open interaction with Indonesians," says Abdullah.
"If you try your best, to learn the language of a particular place or country, it really helps make things easier," says Najib. He is among those who signed up for classes, although he admits progress has been slow. But life has improved in some ways for him and his family.
Najib says, "The centre is an opportunity for refugee to show that they are not a burden. If they have the opportunity, they can accomplish big and great things like this."
24．Why did Najib decide to leave for Indonesia
A．To escape the conflict in Afghanistan.
B．To experience Indonesian culture.
C．To help refugees in Indonesia.
D．To get equal rights to vote.
25．What's the main purpose of founding the RLC for refugee children
A．To help them learn English.
B．To make them stay away from bad luck.
C．To provide them with chances to live in Indonesia.
D．To make them have access to receiving basic education.
26．What can we learn about Najib according to the text
A．He is the leader of refugees.
B．He founded the RLC himself.
C．He studies Indonesian in the RLC．
D．He lives a wealthy life in Indonesia.
27．What's the best title for this text
A．The Goal of Founding a School
B．A School for Refugees by Refugees
C．A Reason for Leaving for Indonesia
D．The Benefit of Learning a New Language
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
Most of Earth's freshwater sits underground. Worldwide, about 70 percent of the groundwater drawn to the surface goes for farming. But surface waters-rivers and streams come from groundwater, too. Drawing too much groundwater over a short time can be harmful. Natural waterways can begin to empty. And that car hurt freshwater ecosystems. Scientists consider this a tipping point when small actions can begin making unusually big differences.
A new study has found that 15 to 21 percent of tapped water(自来水)areas have reached this sort of tipping point. Most of those tapped rivers and streams are in dry areas. Farmers in rates these areas use groundwater to water their crops. At present drawing rates, the study predicts that 42 to 79 percent of water areas around the world where groundwater is drawn up for use at the surface will reach tipping points by 2050.
A healthy groundwater aquifer(含水层)protects ecosystems against seasonal ups and downs in the use of water. That provides stability for area plants and animals. But if too much groundwater is drawn up from below, surface waters will begin to flow into the aquifer, which can harm what are living in rivers and streams.
De Graaf and the study team set up a computer model. It linked groundwater drawing and water flows within rivers. The model covered fifty years, from 1950 to 2010. Then the researchers used climate forecasts to help the model predict what might happen in future years. Throughout, they kept groundwater drawing rates sustainable. More than half of drawn water areas are likely to cross this ecological tipping point before 2050, the model finds.
"We need to be thinking about this now, not in 10 years," De Graaf says. "Our study shows us where to target more sustainable efforts."
28．What does the "tipping point" in paragraph 1 mean
A．End point. B．Breaking point.
C．Freezing point. D．Boiling point.
29．Which of the following causes the "tipping point"
A．Water pollution. B．Climate change.
C．Increasing population. D．Overusing groundwater.
30．What is the part the groundwater plays in the environment .
A．Clearing surface waters to be drinkable.
B．Protecting ecosystems from pollution.
C．Keeping the stability of natural water.
D．Providing stability for the local economy.
31．How did the researchers conduct the study
A．They predicted the result based on old data.
B．They happened to work out the result.
C．They measured all the groundwater and surface water.
D．They did questionnaire surveys on the water information.
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
The huge billboard at the side of the highway is no joke; transporting firewood in certain areas is a crime, punishable by a four-thousand-dollar fine. The reason Emerald Ash Borer disease, or EAB disease, a new addition to the long list of dangerous foreign pest infestations（虫害）on American soil. It was in 2002 when the Emerald Ash Borer beetle（甲虫）was first discovered in Michigan. Not long after, the pest was found in Ohio. Originally from Asia, this green beetle probably found its way to North America through a wooden box made of ash wood and immediately settled into a local ash tree. In little time, the species managed to kill millions of ash trees.
To date, much work is underway to stop ash trees ending up in the same group as elm and chestnut trees, which are all dying out in many areas. Ash Borer Infestations are particularly troublesome because they are difficult to identify until the ash tree is heavily infested. In addition, other ash trees in the area surrounding the source will probably also be infested, making control a hard task.
Researchers are working on many issues related to the control and removal of this harmful beetle. For example, it has been discovered that Asian ash trees are not destroyed by this native borer. It may be that, Asian ash trees have developed genes（基因）to protect them from the insect; therein, perhaps, lies the secret to controlling this pest. Insecticide（杀虫剂）treatment is also being explored on several fronts. Research is underway to determine which insecticides are proving to be the most successful. The proper application of the insecticides is being debated.
However, all possible solutions require a great deal of study and research. In the meantime, careful steps must be taken. Methodical identification of infested trees is taking place. Identified trees are being cut down and destroyed to get rid of the beetle colonies（群）. In the end, this puts a huge drain（消耗）on city budgets, as tree removal can be extremely expensive.
Even though it will be expensive to deal with this problem in the short term, the costs of doing nothing could be far higher, since we could lose an entire species of tree.
32．What can we learn about the Emerald Ash Borer beetle
A．It is a newly found species.
B．It can be used to fight foreign pest infestations.
C．It is native to North America.
D．It can cause damaging harm to American ash trees.
33．What is special about Ash Borer infestations
A．They affect Asian ash trees most frequently.
B．They are difficult to identify and get rid of.
C．They break out at certain times every year.
D．They spread slowly in a small area.
34．What method is currently used to control EAB disease
A．Gene activation. B．Insecticide use.
C．Removing infested trees. D．Introducing the beetle's enemies.
35．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Healthy trees should be relocated and protected.
B．Protecting the ash tree should be done at any cost.
C．Government budget for tree removal should be cut.
D．Measures that have side effects should be avoided.
四、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning to Give Praise to Others
Words of praise, when used right, can have powerful positive effects on others. They are free, but they're worth so much to the receiving person. 　36． 　 Your members didn't follow you because of salaries but for more altruistic (利他的) reasons. Therefore, it is important that you give them the praise that is due for their efforts.
　37． 　 Don't say, "You look good today." when you could have said, "You look amazing today!" Don't say, "Thanks for your effort." Instead say, "I'm so thankful for your being on this project, we couldn't have finished it without you!"
Of course, with what I have mentioned above, be sure it's coming from your heart. 　38． 　 Don't praise if you don't have a hint of appreciation for the person. Trust me, it will show in your eyes and the other party will feel upset. Insincere praise is flattery (恭维); you attempt to gain something from saying good things about the other person.
Besides, praising in public is rather important. 　39． 　 When you praise a partner in public, you lift him up and his conduct for everyone in the room to see. Look for opportunities where you can publicly celebrate the hard work of certain people and make them feel they are great.
I believe that as you begin using these communication tips and praising people around you, you'll see a change in the atmosphere of your work environment. 　40． 　 Eventually, you'll find yourself with a more effective team!
A．So you need to be sincere in praise.
B．This is more so in voluntary organizations.
C．People will become happier and smile more.
D．Words aren't always necessary in praising others.
E．It is much more effective than praising in private.
F．Remember that measured praise is not praise at all.
G．The best way to give praise is by being an example.
五、第三部分，语言知识运用，第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Prime Minister Winston Churchill was young, he attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a 41． student. As a matter of fact, he'd have been thrown out of the school, if he hadn't been the son of a famous leader. However, he 42． his study at Harrow, went on to the university, and then had a successful 43． in the army. He later was elected Prime Minister and brought great honor to Britain. Toward the end of his period as Prime Minister, he was 44． to address the young boys at Harrow, his old 45． He gave this short but moving speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! 46． !"
Many people 47． Abraham Lincoln to be the greatest president of all time. Yet it should be 48． how many failures and defeats 49． his early life. He grew up on a small farm. In those early years, his family 50． had a penny and he had only one year of 51． education. In 1832, he lost his job. In 1833 he 52． in business. In 1835, the woman he loved died. In 1843 he was 53． when he tried to enter the Congress(国会).
In 1856, he was defeated in the 54． for vice president. In spite of these, he didn't 55． , and he was elected President of the US in 1860.
Personal history, education, situation—none of these can 56． a strong spirit. Some of the world's greatest people have 57． huge problems and difficulties at some time in their lives, but they've gone on to do 58． deeds. Bury him in the snows of Valley Forge, and you have a George Washington. Make a musical genius 59． to hear, and you have a Ludwig van Beethoven. Call him 60． to learn, and write him off as stupid, and you have an Albert Einstein.
41．A．clever B．lazy C．famous D．good
42．A．abandoned B．supported C．completed D．appreciated
43．A．fight B．career C．speech D．movement
44．A．invited B．ordered C．forced D．informed
45．A．family B．school C．centre D．hometown
46．A．Always B．Sometimes C．Once D．Never
47．A．ignore B．want C．sense D．consider
48．A．forgiven B．forgotten C．remembered D．blamed
49．A．respected B．served C．marked D．spared
50．A．usually B．hardly C．fairly D．merely
51．A．regular B．special C．extra D．royal
52．A．appeared B．opened C．succeeded D．failed
53．A．lost B．defeated C．valued D．cared
54．A．exchange B．election C．entrance D．benefit
55．A．make up B．agree with C．take over D．give up
56．A．hold back B．depend on C．keep up D．apply for
57．A．answered B．controlled C．met D．avoided
58．A．crazy B．small C．new D．great
59．A．unable B．hesitate C．hopeful D．likely
60．A．slow B．wise C．quick D．Strong
六、第三部分，语言知识运用，第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Simon Wakefield travelled round Yunnan after leaving university. While in Yunnan, he was astonished by how　61． 　(vary) the landscape is. Down in the south, it's very tropical, but in the northwest, Lijiang, a half new and half old town is on the side of a mountain, its peak 　62． 　 (cover) with snow. Seen from above, the old town is a maze in 　63． 　 the tourists get lost.
He went to the village where the Naxi ethnic group live. He found that it is the women 　64． 　 run Naxi society. They have the custom of playing cards in the middle of the street. He also found the Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still 　65． 　 use and that Naxi culture is 　66． 　 (particular) famous for its music. Passed from father to son, the music hasn't changed for centuries. He went to watch 　67． 　 performance in an old wooden hall, which 　68． 　 (play) by Naxi men, some of whom looked as if they were well over 100 years old.
At last he understood that it is the 　69． 　 (diverse) that makes Yunnan attractive. However different people may appear 　70． 　 (be) at first, we are all the same, all equal.
七、第四部分，写作，第一节，短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．（2024高三上·四川期末） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As far as I'm concerned, diligence is much important than intelligence. Firstly, as known to all, a knife will not be sharp if not sharpen regularly. The same is true with studying. In other words, unless you don't study hard and only depend on your intelligence, perhaps you can get some achievements and stand out in the beginning. But it is no doubt that you will fall behind those that work hard in the end. Secondly, most great people, like Edison, were not smart at the school, but they get lots of achievements through hard work. However, it proves that diligence can help you to make progresses in study and become a great person.
八、第四部分，写作，第二节，书面表达(满分25分)
72．（2024高三上·四川期末）假如你是学校英文报社的小记者李华，请你报道你校五月份开展的"班服设计大赛"。内容包括：1.活动目的 2.活动开展情况。
注意：1.词数 100 左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：班服（class uniform）
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Today is Saturday. I will return the book next Tuesday.
M: Take your time. You can keep it for three more days.
【分析】问题：根据男士的说法，女士什么时候应该还书？根据"Today is Saturday. I will return the book next Tuesday."今天是星期六。我将在下周二还书；以及"You can keep it for three more days."你可以再保存三天。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What's the best way to downtown
M: If you're in a hurry, you should take a taxi. But it's very expensive.
W: I'm in no particular hurry.
M: Well, take a bus then, it will cost you only about $5.
W: That's a good idea.
【分析】问题：女士怎么去市中心？根据"take a bus then, it will cost you only about $5."那就乘公共汽车吧，只需5美元左右；以及"That's a good idea."好主意，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: So what was the cause of the crash Was it due to drink-driving or speeding
W: Neither. A signal failure was being blamed for the crash according to the investigation.
【分析】问题：为什么会发生事故？根据"signal failure was being blamed for the crash according to the investigation."根据调查，事故的原因是信号故障。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:How do you like your job
M:It's great. I'm going to study part-time for a Master's in Business Management. It'll take a couple of years but I definitely plan on staying with the company.
【分析】问题：男士打算做什么？根据"I'm going to study part-time for a Master's in Business Management."我打算兼职攻读工商管理硕士学位。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Did you say you're going to take a vacation next week
M: I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days.
W: I wish I could get away for a while, too.
【分析】问题：女士对男士有什么感觉？根据"I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days."我要去旧金山一两天；以及"I wish I could get away for a while, too."我希望我也能离开一段时间。可知她羡慕男士去度假，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I have a question. Could people in Russia marry anyone they wanted
W: Actually in the past, people usually married a person with the same profession. For example, a teacher would marry another teacher; a government worker would marry another government worker. My parents are both musicians.
M: How about you and your husband
W: My husband is a scientist and when I met him I was teaching children in a school.
M: So Russians these days marry people from other professions
W: Yes. And people today marry people with similar interests and backgrounds.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：过去在俄罗斯人们通常和谁结婚？根据"Actually in the past, people usually married a person with the same profession."事实上，在过去，人们通常嫁给一个有相同职业的人。故选C。
7．问题：当女士遇到她的丈夫时，她做什么？根据"My husband is a scientist and when I met him I was teaching children in a school."我丈夫是一位科学家，当我遇到他时，我正在一所学校教孩子。故选B。
【答案】8．B
9．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: My parents want me to go to a family party this weekend. I know it's going to be so boring. It always is.
W: Don't say that. You should be happy to spend time with your family. My family live across the country, so I don't get to see them often. It's a bit depressing.
M: Really I'm sorry to hear that. Do you see them at least once a year, for birthdays or maybe a marriage in the family
W: I saw them on Christmas this past year. That's usually when we get together. I would love to go more often, but California is far away.
M: I imagine it is a long ride across the country. Plus, you would have to take the time off from school and work.
W: Actually, it's more of the cost that keeps me from going often.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：关于这个女孩我们知道什么？根据"My family live across the country, so I don't get to see them often. It's a bit depressing."我的家人住在全国各地，所以我不经常见到他们。这有点令人沮丧。故选B。
9．问题：这个女孩最后一次见到家人是什么时候？根据" I saw them on Christmas this past year. "我在去年的圣诞节看到了他们。故选A。
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello, Professor. Could you help me with my entry for the Design Competition
M: OK. Are there any requirements For example, saving energy or producing no noise
W: Actually that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year.
M: I see. What is your design
W: A dishwasher. Here is my drawing.
M: There's a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration
W: No. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone.
M: Good, but what makes your design creative
W: My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that it becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean the dishes.
M: A brilliant idea!
W: Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I've got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine.
M: I see.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：这场比赛是关于什么的？根据"We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year."今年，我们必须对现有技术采取创造性的方法，故选C。
11．问题：这块石头是用来做什么的？根据"Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone."你不用按按钮启动，而是转动石头。故选A。
12．问题：为什么女士来找男士？根据"I've got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine."我有详细的图纸和一张500字的纸，但我不确定什么材料适合这台机器的模型。故选B。
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．C
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Harry! What's that book you're reading Heroes
M: Hi, Anna. Yes, it's about the kind of people that teenagers like us think as heroes. I mean, lots of people think a hero nowadays has to be someone like in films — like Superman. But I think there are plenty of ordinary people going around doing great things.
W: Mmm, I guess so. Sometimes it's about what they encourage you to do, isn't it Those people can be heroes too.
M: That's a bit like my granddad, then. He's done all sorts of things to help other people since he sold his business and gave up work. He's surely my hero. But those heroes never get to be famous, do they It's not fair.
W: That's true. He sounds like one of those quiet heroes you get in story books …
M: Yeah, he is. And a story book's one place where you do need proper heroes.
W: I'm with you there. I read loads of them which is close to reality and I surely wouldn't get to the end if they didn't have heroes in them. Too boring.
M: Great writers can really help you to love reading too. I mean, I wasn't fond of reading until I found my favorite. Still, it's unusual to find writers that can do that — for me, anyway.
W: That's right.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：谈话人对英雄的看法如何？根据"it's about the kind of people that teenagers like us think as heroes. I mean, lots of people think a hero nowadays has to be someone like in films — like Superman.But I think there are plenty of ordinary people going around doing great things."这是关于像我们这样的青少年心目中的英雄。我的意思是，很多人认为现在的英雄必须是电影中的英雄——比如超人。但我认为有很多普通人在做伟大的事情；以及"Mmm, I guess so."嗯，我想是的。故选C。
14．问题：谁是男士的英雄？根据"That's a bit like my granddad, then. He's done all sorts of things to help other people since he sold his business and gave up work. He's surely my hero."那就有点像我爷爷了。自从他卖掉生意放弃工作以来，他做了各种各样的事情来帮助别人。他无疑是我的英雄。故选A。
15．问题：女士认为没有英雄的故事书怎么样？根据"I read loads of them which is close to reality and I surely wouldn't get to the end if they didn't have heroes in them. Too boring."我读了很多接近现实的书，如果它们里面没有英雄，我肯定不会读到最后。太无聊了。故选C。
16．问题：最后男士是什么意思？根据"Great writers can really help you to love reading too. I mean, I wasn't fond of reading until I found my favorite. Still, it's unusual to find writers that can do that — for me, anyway."伟大的作家也能帮助你爱上阅读。我的意思是，直到我找到我最喜欢的书，我才喜欢读书。尽管如此，找到能做到这一点的作家还是很不寻常的——无论如何，对我来说。可推知他认为很难找到好的书。故选A。
【答案】17．A
18．C
19．B
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: On September 16th, 2021, a group of "ordinary" people blasted off into space on the first space mission with no professional astronauts. The mission, called Inspiration 4, was the idea of a billionaire Jared Isaacman, who paid the company SpaceX to arrange the flight. He's a pilot who has flown different kinds of airplanes. Mr. Isaacman decided to use the trip to raise money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Haley Arceneaux, 29, was a cancer patient at St. Jude when she was a child. Ms. Arceneaux works at St. Jude as a physician's assistant, helping patients and assisting doctors. She is the youngest American to fly into orbit. The capsule has room for four crew members. Mr. Isaacman's company held a contest to fill one of the spots. The position was won by Dr. Sian Proctor, a college professor who was nearly chosen as a NASA astronaut in 2009. The Inspiration 4 mission orbited 360 miles (575 km) above the Earth. That was about 93 miles higher than the International Space Station.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：为什么Jared Isaacman开始了Inspiration 4任务？根据"Mr. Isaacman decided to use the trip to raise money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital."Isaacman先生决定利用这次旅行为圣犹达儿童研究医院筹集资金。故选A。
18．问题：关于Haley Arceneaux我们知道什么？根据"She is the youngest American to fly into orbit."她是进入轨道的最年轻的美国人。故选C。
19．问题：Sian Proctor是做什么的？根据"The position was won by Dr. Sian Proctor, a college professor who was nearly chosen as a NASA astronaut in 2009."该职位由大学教授Sian Proctor博士获得，他在2009年差点被选为美国国家航空航天局宇航员。故选B。
20．问题：Inspiration 4任务的轨道在哪里？根据"The Inspiration 4 mission orbited 360 miles (575 km) above the Earth."Inspiration 4任务环绕地球上空360英里（575公里）。故选B。
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，针对如何让人们记住你所说的事情，提出了四点意见。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The next time you've got an important message to pass on, put some of these techniques to the test. "下次你有重要的信息要传递时，试试这些技巧。可知，作者的目的是想要提供一些建议，故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Choose your moment carefully. Check that they can properly hear or see the information. "认真选择时机。检查他们是否能正确地听到或看到信息。故选A。
23．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"REASONS to remember help people to put in the mental effort. So, make it clear that your words are important, and be explicit about why."记住理由有助于人们投入精神上的努力。所以，要清楚地表明你的话是重要的，并明确说明原因。故选C。
【答案】24．A
25．D
26．C
27．B
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Najib是在伊朗长大的阿富汗人。他过着艰苦的生活。当他发现他的孩子也将面临同样的处境时，他的家人最初回到了阿富汗。但由于这个国家充满了冲突，他们决定前往印度尼西亚。难民不能在印度尼西亚工作，难民儿童在当地上学的选择有限。为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But with the country filled with conflicts, they decided to leave for Indonesia."但由于这个国家充满了冲突，他们决定前往印度尼西亚。可知，Najib决定前往印度尼西亚，以逃避阿富汗的冲突。故选A。
25．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Our only goal and task is to provide basic education, and prepare the refugee children for their future,'" says Abdullah Sarwari.""我们唯一的目标和任务是提供基础教育，为难民儿童的未来做好准备，"阿卜杜拉·萨瓦里说。可知，为难民儿童建立难民学习中心的主要目的是使他们有机会接受基础教育。故选D。
26．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"The RLC has also started offering Bahasa Indonesia classes to the refugee community."RLC也开始为难民社区提供印尼语课程；以及第六段中的" He is among those who signed up for classes,"他是报名参加课程的学生之一。可知，他在难民学习中心学习印尼语。故选C。
27．考查标题归纳。根据第三段中的"Determined to avoid such a fate, a group of refugees in Puncak took action and scraped together (东拼西凑) their resources to set up a school—the Refugee Learning Center (RLC). "为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心；以及下文对难民学习中心的介绍可知，本文介绍了为难民建立的一所学校——难民学习中心。"一所由难民建立的难民学校"适合作本文标题。故选B。
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．C
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自然界中的地下水被过度抽取，对我们的生态环境造成严重的负面影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"when small actions can begin making unusually big differences."可知科学家认为小的行动可以开始产生大的影响，因此这是一个临界点。可推知，划线短语tipping point意思为"临界点"。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Farmers in rates these areas use groundwater to water their crops. At present drawing rates, the study predicts that 42 to 79 percent of water areas around the world where groundwater is drawn up for use at the surface will reach tipping points by 2050."这些地区的农民使用地下水灌溉庄稼。按照目前的开采速度，该研究预测，到2050年，全球42%至79%的地下水被开采出来供地表使用的水域将达到临界点。可推知，过度使用地下水是导致达到"临界点"的原因。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"A healthy groundwater aquifer protects ecosystems against seasonal ups and downs in the use of water."一种健康的地下水含水层保护了生态系统免受水的使用的季节起伏。可知，地下水在环境中的作用是保持天然水的稳定性。故选C。
31．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"The model covered fifty years, from 1950 to 2010. Then the researchers used climate forecasts to help the model predict what might happen in future years."该模型涵盖了50年，从1950年到2010年。然后，研究人员利用气候预测来帮助模型预测未来几年可能发生的事情。可知，研究人员通过旧数据预测了结果，来进行这项研究的。故选A。
【答案】32．D
33．B
34．C
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由外来物种引发的EAB病在北美洲的情况及其应对措施。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"a new addition to the long list of dangerous foreign pest infestations on American soil"美国领土上的外国害虫危险名单上又多了一个新成员；以及"In little time, the species managed to kill millions of ash trees"在很短的时间内，这个物种成功地杀死了数百万棵白蜡树。可知，Emerald Ash Borer beetle这种外来物种引发的虫害对美国本土造成了极大的破坏，在很短的时间内，该物种就杀死了数百万棵白蜡树。故选D。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"because they are difficult to identify until the ash tree is heavily infested""因为在白蜡树被大量寄生之前，很难辨认它们的身份；以及"other ash trees in the area surrounding the source will probably also be infested, making control a hard task"源头周围的其他白蜡树可能也会被感染，这使得控制变得很困难。可知，EAB这种虫害早期不易识别且难以控制。故选B。
34．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Identified trees are being cut down and destroyed"已确认的树木正在被砍伐和摧毁。可知，为控制EAB虫害，目前采取的措施是将患病的树木砍伐并移除。故选C。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Even though it will be expensive to deal with this problem in the short term, the costs of doing nothing could be far higher, since we could lose an entire species of tree."尽管在短期内解决这个问题代价高昂，但无所作为的代价可能会高得多，因为我们可能会失去整个树种。可知，作者认为尽管在短期内解决虫害问题的成本很高，但比起失去整个树种的代价，目前的成本都是值得的，因此作者应该会支持尽全力保护白蜡树这一树种。故选B。
【答案】36．B；37．F；38．A；39．E；40．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何表扬他人的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空后"Your members didn't follow you because of salaries but for more altruistic (利他的) reasons. Therefore, it is important that you give them the praise that is due for their efforts."成员跟随着你并不是为了薪水，而是因为更多利他原因。因此，对他们的努力表示赞美是非常重要的。B. This is more so in voluntary organizations."志愿组织更是如此"承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
37．根据空后"Don't say, ‘You look good today.' when you could have said, ‘You look amazing today!' Don't say, ‘Thanks for your effort.' Instead say, ‘I'm so thankful for your being on this project; we couldn't have finished it without you!'"当你本可以说"你今天看起来很棒"时不要说"你今天看起来不错"。不要说"谢谢你的努力"，而要说"非常感谢你来参加这个项目，没有你我们不可能完成它"可知，作者建议表扬他人时不要吝惜言辞。E．It is much more effective than praising in private."记住，有尺度的赞美根本不是赞美。"符合上下文语境，也是本段的主题句。故选F。
38．根据空前"Of course, with what I have mentioned above, be sure it's coming from your heart."当然，对于我以上提到的，要确保的是这些话是发自你的内心；以及空后"Don't praise if you don't have a hint of appreciation for the person."如果你没有一点欣赏的意思就不要赞美。可知，赞美一定要发自内心，所以当你赞美他人时一定要真诚。A．So you need to be sincere in praise."所以你需要真诚的赞美。"承上启下， 符合语境。故选A。
39．根据空前"Besides, praising in public is rather important."此外，在公开场合赞美也非常重要；以及"When you praise a partner in public, you lift him up and his conduct for everyone in the room to see."当你在公开场合赞美搭档时，你就提升了他，让在场的所有人都看到他的行为。可知，公开赞美他人比私下赞美好。E．It is much more effective than praising in private."它比私下赞美要有效得多。"符合语境，故选E。
40．根据空前"I believe that as you begin using these communication tips and praising people around you, you'll see a change in the atmosphere of your work environment."我相信，当你开始使用这些沟通技巧，以及赞美你周围的人时，你会看到你的工作氛围的改变；以及空后"Eventually, you'll find yourself with a more effective team!"最终，你会发现你自己拥有一个更高效的团队。可知，设空处应陈述工作氛围变得越来越好。C．People will become happier and smile more."人们会变得越来越快乐，微笑也更多"符合语境。故选C。
【答案】41．D；42．C；43．B；44．A；45．B；46．D；47．D；48．C；49．C；50．B；51．A；52．D；53．B；54．B；55．D；56．A；57．C；58．D；59．A；60．A
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，以世界著名领导人丘吉尔和林肯为例告诉我们了不管生活中遇到多大的困难，都不要轻易放弃，什么都无法阻挡一颗强大的内心。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：他不是一个好学生。A. clever"聪明的"；B. lazy"懒惰的"；C. famous"著名的"； D. good"好的"。根据下文"As a matter of fact, he'd have been thrown out of the school,"事实上，他早就被学校开除了，可知，他不是一个好学生，故选D。
42．句意：然而，他在哈罗公学完成了学业，上了大学，然后在军队里取得了成功。A. abandoned"遗弃"； B. supported"支持"；C. completed"完成"；D. appreciated"欣赏、感激"。根据上文，她不是一个好学生，如果不是因为他是一位著名领导人的儿子，他早就被学校开除了，However表明他却完成了学业，故选C。
43．句意：然而，他在哈罗公学完成了学业，上了大学，然后在军队里取得了成功。A. fight"打仗"；B. career"职业"； C. speech"演讲"； D. movement"运动"。根据语境可知，他在军队里有一个成功的职业生涯，故选B。
44．句意：他在首相任职结束的时候，被邀请到他的母校做演讲。A. invited"邀请"； B. ordered"命令"； C. forced"强制"；D. informed"通知"。根据空后"to address the young boys at Harrow"可知，他被邀请到他的母校做演讲，故选A。
45．句意：他在首相任职结束的时候，被邀请到他的母校做演讲。A. family"家庭"；B. school"学校"； C. Center"中心"；D. hometown"家乡"。根据上文，可知哈罗公学是他的母校，故选B。
46．句意：年轻人们，永远不要放弃，永远。A. Always"经常"；B. Sometimes"有时"；C. Once"一次"；D. Never"从不"。根据语境可知，他告诫学生们永远不要放弃，故选D。
47．句意：许多人认为林肯是一位伟大的总统。A. ignore"忽视"；B. want"想要"；C. sense"感觉"；D. consider"认为"；根据语境和常识可知，人们认为林肯是一位伟大的总统，故选D。
48．句意：我们应该记着在他的生命里有多少失败的印记。A. forgiven"原谅"； B. forgotten"忘记"；C. remembered "记住"； D. blamed"责备"。根据语境可知，人们认为林肯很伟大，但我们也应该记着他也经历过很多失败，故选C。
49．句意：我们应该记着在他的生命里有多少失败的印记。A.respected"尊敬"；B. served"服务"；C.marked"标志，印记"； D. spared"节省"。根据语境可知无数的失败在他的生命里留下了印记，故选C。
50．句意：他的家里几乎没有一分钱，他只接受了一年的正规教育。A. usually "通常"；B. hardly"几乎不"；C. fairly"公平的"；D. merely"仅仅"。根据语境可知，他的家里很穷，几乎没有一分钱，故选B。
51．句意：他的家里几乎没有一分钱，他只接受了一年的正规教育。A. regular"规律的"；B. special "特殊的"；C. extra"额外的"； D. royal"忠诚的"。家里面没有钱，自然是上不起学，所以他只接受了一年的正规教育，故选A。
52．句意：在1833年的时候他做生意失败了。A. appeared"出现"； B. opened"打开"；C. succeeded"成功"；D. failed"失败"。根据上文，林肯也经历过很多失败，因此此处是说他做生意失败了，故选D。
53．句意：1843年他在国会竞选中被击败了。A. lost"失去"；B. defeated"击败"； C. valued"价值"；D. cared"关心"。根据语境，在国会竞选中被击败也是林肯经历过的众多失败之一，故选B。
54．句意：1856年他在副总统竞选中被击败了。A. exchange"改变"；B. election"选举"；C. entrance"入口"；D. benefit"益处"。根据语境可知此处指"副总统竞选"，故选B。
55．句意：尽管失败了很多次，但他并没放弃。A. make up"弥补"；B. agree with"同意"；C. take over"接收"； D. give up"放弃"。本文主要讲的就是两位名人经历无数失败却没有放弃的事情，故选D。
56．句意：个人历史、教育及环境这些问题都不能阻挡住一颗强大的心。A. hold back"阻挡"；B. depend on"依靠"；C. keep up"保持"；D. apply for"申请"。根据语境可知，个人历史、教育及环境这些问题都不能阻挡住一颗强大的内心，故选A。
57．句意：一些世界著名的人物在他们的生命中也会遇到巨大的困难和问题，但是他们仍然在做伟大的事业。A. answered"回答"；B. controlled"控制"；C. met"遇见"； D. avoided"避免"。根据上文可知，丘吉尔和林肯在他们的生命中也会遇到巨大的困难和问题，故选C。
58．句意：一些世界著名的人物在他们的生命中也会遇到巨大的困难和问题，但是他们仍然在做伟大的事业。A. crazy"疯狂的"；B. small"小的"； C. new"新的"； D. great"伟大的"。根据语境和常识可知，像丘吉尔和林肯这样著名的人物投身的事业也是伟大的，故选D。
59．句意：让一个音乐天才听不见，你就有了一个路德维希·凡·贝多芬。A. unable"无能为力的"； B. hesitate"犹豫"； C. hopeful"有希望的"； D. likely"可能的"。根据常识可知，贝多芬没有听力，故选A。
60．句意：说他学得慢，说他笨，你就有了一个阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦。A. slow"慢的"；B. wise"明智的"；C. quick"迅速的"；D. strong"强壮的"。根据常识可知，爱因斯坦小时候经常被老师说笨，学东西很慢，故选A。
【答案】61．varied；62．covered；63．which；64．who/that；65．in；66．particularly；67．a；68．was played；69．diversity；70．to be
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了外国人Simon Wakefield云南之行的所见所感。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，定语从句，定语从句，介词，副词，冠词，时态语态，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：在云南的时候，他被那里多姿多彩的景色所震惊。此处为"how+形容词+主谓"形式的感叹句，应用形容词，表示"多姿多彩的"，应用形容词varied，侧重多样性。故填varied。
62．句意：在南方，这里很有热带风情，但在云南西北的丽江，一个半新半旧的小镇就在山的一侧，山峰上覆盖着白雪。此处为独立主格结构，its peak与cover构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填covered。
63．句意：从上往下看，这座古城就像个迷宫，游客们常常在里面迷路。此处为"介词+关系代词"结构定语从句修饰先行词maze，作介词in的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
64．句意：他发现是妇女在管理纳西族。此句为强调句结构"it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分"，被强调部分为the women。故填who/that。
65．句意：他还发现纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字的语言，纳西族文化尤其以其音乐而闻名。in use固定短语，"在使用中"。故填in。
66．句意：他还发现纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字的语言，纳西族文化尤其以其音乐而闻名。此处修饰形容词famous，应用副词particularly，作状语。故填particularly。
67．句意：他去一个古老的木制大厅观看由纳西族男子上演的一场表演，其中一些人看起来像100多岁的老人。此处表泛指"一场表演"应用不定冠词，且performance是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
68．句意：他去一个古老的木制大厅观看由纳西族男子上演的一场表演，其中一些人看起来像100多岁的老人。此处是谓语动词，根据上文went可知应用一般过去时，且定语从句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。从句中谓语动词的数与先行词performance保持一致，应用单数。故填was played。
69．句意：最后，他明白了云南之所以吸引人，是因为它的多样性。此处为强调句，强调的是主语，用名词diversity，表示抽象意义，不可数。故填diversity。
70．句意：无论人们最初看起来是怎样的不同，我们都是一样的，都是平等的。appear to do固定短语，"好像……"，不定式作表语，故填to be。
71．【答案】① much →more或者much后加more ②as后加is ③sharpen →sharpened ④unless →if ⑤it →there ⑥that →who ⑦去掉school前的the ⑧get →got ⑨However →Therefore ⑩progresses →progress
【知识点】学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者认为勤奋比聪明重要得多，并且陈述了两点理由。
（1）句意：就我而言，勤奋比智力更重要。根据than intelligence可知此处应用形容词比较级，important是多音节词，其比较级是在前面加more；也可看作much修饰比较级，在important前加more构成比较级。故much改为more或者much后加more。
（2）句意：首先，众所周知，一把刀如果不经常磨是不会锋利的。结合句意表示"众所周知"短语为as is known to all，as引导非限制性定语从句，is作为从句的谓语动词。故as后加is。
（3）句意：首先，众所周知，一把刀如果不经常磨是不会锋利的。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，省略了与主句相同的主语和be动词，主语a knife与sharpen之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故sharpen改为sharpened。
（4）句意：换句话说，如果你不努力学习，只靠自己的聪明才智，或许能在一开始就取得一些成绩，脱颖而出。unless表示"除非"，从句中已经有否定词not，if…not相当于unless。故unless改为if。
（5）句意：但毫无疑问，你最终会落后于那些努力工作的人。there is no doubt that…固定句式，"毫无疑问……"，故it改为there。
（6）句意：但毫无疑问，你最终会落后于那些努力工作的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词those，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，只能用关系代词who引导定语从句，不能用that。故whom改为who。
（7）句意：其次，大多数伟大的人，像爱迪生，在学校并不聪明，但他们通过努力工作获得了很多成就。at school固定短语，"在学校"，故去掉school前的the。
（8）句意：其次，大多数伟大的人，像爱迪生，在学校并不聪明，但他们通过努力工作获得了很多成就。句意：其次，大多数伟大的人，像爱迪生，在学校并不聪明，但他们通过努力工作获得了很多成就。此处描述的是一些伟人的过去，应用一般过去时。故get改为got。
（9）句意：因此，这证明勤奋可以帮助你在学习上取得进步，成为一个伟大的人。结合上下文内容可知，此处为因果关系，应用therefore。故However改为Therefore。
（10）句意：因此，这证明勤奋可以帮助你在学习上取得进步，成为一个伟大的人。progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故progresses改为progress。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，非谓语动词，状语从句，固定句式，定语从句，冠词，时态，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
72．【答案】With the purpose of cultivating students' creativity and encouraging us to find and appreciate the beauty in our school life, a class uniform design competition was held in May.
The competition caught a great number of students' and parents' attention. A total of 40 works were received, all of which were submitted through the Internet. There are various styles of class uniform. Some came from the inspiration of nature, and some were designed to reflect their class mottos. According to online voting, the work comes from Class 6, Senior 1 has gained the most popularity for its unique design.
The activity has become a real hit in our campus and encouraged more students to show their talents bravely.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 学校英文报社的小记者李华的身份，报道你校五月份开展的"班服设计大赛"。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.活动目的 2.活动开展情况。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：With the purpose of cultivating students' creativity and encouraging us to find and appreciate the beauty in our school life, a class uniform design competition was held in May.运用了介词短语作状语，被动语态；A total of 40 works were received, all of which were submitted through the Internet.运用了被动语态，非限制性定语从句； There are various styles of class uniform.运用了there be固定句式； Some came from the inspiration of nature, and some were designed to reflect their class mottos. 运用了并列句。
1 / 1四川省叙永第一中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题
一、第一部分，听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．（2024高三上·四川期末）When should the woman return the book according to the man
A．No later than next Tuesday.
B．No later than Saturday.
C．No later than next Friday.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Today is Saturday. I will return the book next Tuesday.
M: Take your time. You can keep it for three more days.
【分析】问题：根据男士的说法，女士什么时候应该还书？根据"Today is Saturday. I will return the book next Tuesday."今天是星期六。我将在下周二还书；以及"You can keep it for three more days."你可以再保存三天。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2024高三上·四川期末）How will the woman go downtown
A．By taxi. B．By car. C．By bus.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What's the best way to downtown
M: If you're in a hurry, you should take a taxi. But it's very expensive.
W: I'm in no particular hurry.
M: Well, take a bus then, it will cost you only about $5.
W: That's a good idea.
【分析】问题：女士怎么去市中心？根据"take a bus then, it will cost you only about $5."那就乘公共汽车吧，只需5美元左右；以及"That's a good idea."好主意，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2024高三上·四川期末）Why did the accident happen
A．One of the drivers drove after drinking.
B．The traffic signal stopped working.
C．The drivers didn't keep to the speed limit.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: So what was the cause of the crash Was it due to drink-driving or speeding
W: Neither. A signal failure was being blamed for the crash according to the investigation.
【分析】问题：为什么会发生事故？根据"signal failure was being blamed for the crash according to the investigation."根据调查，事故的原因是信号故障。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2024高三上·四川期末）What does the man plan to do
A．Get a degree. B．Find a job. C．Leave the company.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W:How do you like your job
M:It's great. I'm going to study part-time for a Master's in Business Management. It'll take a couple of years but I definitely plan on staying with the company.
【分析】问题：男士打算做什么？根据"I'm going to study part-time for a Master's in Business Management."我打算兼职攻读工商管理硕士学位。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2024高三上·四川期末）How does the woman feel about the man
A．Angry. B．Envious. C．Pleased.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Did you say you're going to take a vacation next week
M: I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days.
W: I wish I could get away for a while, too.
【分析】问题：女士对男士有什么感觉？根据"I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days."我要去旧金山一两天；以及"I wish I could get away for a while, too."我希望我也能离开一段时间。可知她羡慕男士去度假，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、第一部分，听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
6．Whom did people usually marry in Russia in the past
A．Those with the same interests.
B．Those with the same background.
C．Those with the same profession.
7．What did the woman do when she met her husband
A．She was a scientist.
B．She was a teacher.
C．She was a musician.
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I have a question. Could people in Russia marry anyone they wanted
W: Actually in the past, people usually married a person with the same profession. For example, a teacher would marry another teacher; a government worker would marry another government worker. My parents are both musicians.
M: How about you and your husband
W: My husband is a scientist and when I met him I was teaching children in a school.
M: So Russians these days marry people from other professions
W: Yes. And people today marry people with similar interests and backgrounds.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：过去在俄罗斯人们通常和谁结婚？根据"Actually in the past, people usually married a person with the same profession."事实上，在过去，人们通常嫁给一个有相同职业的人。故选C。
7．问题：当女士遇到她的丈夫时，她做什么？根据"My husband is a scientist and when I met him I was teaching children in a school."我丈夫是一位科学家，当我遇到他时，我正在一所学校教孩子。故选B。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
8．What do we know about the girl
A．She is always bored.
B．She misses her family.
C．She is busy this weekend.
9．When did the girl see her family last time
A．On a holiday.
B．On her birthday.
C．At a relative's wedding.
【答案】8．B
9．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: My parents want me to go to a family party this weekend. I know it's going to be so boring. It always is.
W: Don't say that. You should be happy to spend time with your family. My family live across the country, so I don't get to see them often. It's a bit depressing.
M: Really I'm sorry to hear that. Do you see them at least once a year, for birthdays or maybe a marriage in the family
W: I saw them on Christmas this past year. That's usually when we get together. I would love to go more often, but California is far away.
M: I imagine it is a long ride across the country. Plus, you would have to take the time off from school and work.
W: Actually, it's more of the cost that keeps me from going often.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：关于这个女孩我们知道什么？根据"My family live across the country, so I don't get to see them often. It's a bit depressing."我的家人住在全国各地，所以我不经常见到他们。这有点令人沮丧。故选B。
9．问题：这个女孩最后一次见到家人是什么时候？根据" I saw them on Christmas this past year. "我在去年的圣诞节看到了他们。故选A。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
10．What is this competition about
A．Saving energy at home.
B．Reducing noise pollution.
C．Using technology creatively.
11．What is the stone used for
A．Starting the machine.
B．Increasing air pressure.
C．Producing carbon dioxide.
12．Why does the woman come to the man
A．To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B．To find the right material for a model.
C．To study the approach to detailed drawings.
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello, Professor. Could you help me with my entry for the Design Competition
M: OK. Are there any requirements For example, saving energy or producing no noise
W: Actually that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year.
M: I see. What is your design
W: A dishwasher. Here is my drawing.
M: There's a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration
W: No. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone.
M: Good, but what makes your design creative
W: My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that it becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean the dishes.
M: A brilliant idea!
W: Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I've got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine.
M: I see.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：这场比赛是关于什么的？根据"We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year."今年，我们必须对现有技术采取创造性的方法，故选C。
11．问题：这块石头是用来做什么的？根据"Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone."你不用按按钮启动，而是转动石头。故选A。
12．问题：为什么女士来找男士？根据"I've got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine."我有详细的图纸和一张500字的纸，但我不确定什么材料适合这台机器的模型。故选B。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听对话，回答问题。
13．What do the speakers agree on heroes
A．They are like Superman in films.
B．They achieve great success in their work.
C．They are common people making important contributions.
14．Who is the man's hero
A．His grandfather. B．Great writers. C．Superman.
15．What does the woman think of story books without heroes
A．Unusual. B．Realistic. C．Dull.
16．What does the man mean in the end
A．It's hard to find great books.
B．It's great to do some reading.
C．It's good to help some people.
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．C
16．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Harry! What's that book you're reading Heroes
M: Hi, Anna. Yes, it's about the kind of people that teenagers like us think as heroes. I mean, lots of people think a hero nowadays has to be someone like in films — like Superman. But I think there are plenty of ordinary people going around doing great things.
W: Mmm, I guess so. Sometimes it's about what they encourage you to do, isn't it Those people can be heroes too.
M: That's a bit like my granddad, then. He's done all sorts of things to help other people since he sold his business and gave up work. He's surely my hero. But those heroes never get to be famous, do they It's not fair.
W: That's true. He sounds like one of those quiet heroes you get in story books …
M: Yeah, he is. And a story book's one place where you do need proper heroes.
W: I'm with you there. I read loads of them which is close to reality and I surely wouldn't get to the end if they didn't have heroes in them. Too boring.
M: Great writers can really help you to love reading too. I mean, I wasn't fond of reading until I found my favorite. Still, it's unusual to find writers that can do that — for me, anyway.
W: That's right.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：谈话人对英雄的看法如何？根据"it's about the kind of people that teenagers like us think as heroes. I mean, lots of people think a hero nowadays has to be someone like in films — like Superman.But I think there are plenty of ordinary people going around doing great things."这是关于像我们这样的青少年心目中的英雄。我的意思是，很多人认为现在的英雄必须是电影中的英雄——比如超人。但我认为有很多普通人在做伟大的事情；以及"Mmm, I guess so."嗯，我想是的。故选C。
14．问题：谁是男士的英雄？根据"That's a bit like my granddad, then. He's done all sorts of things to help other people since he sold his business and gave up work. He's surely my hero."那就有点像我爷爷了。自从他卖掉生意放弃工作以来，他做了各种各样的事情来帮助别人。他无疑是我的英雄。故选A。
15．问题：女士认为没有英雄的故事书怎么样？根据"I read loads of them which is close to reality and I surely wouldn't get to the end if they didn't have heroes in them. Too boring."我读了很多接近现实的书，如果它们里面没有英雄，我肯定不会读到最后。太无聊了。故选C。
16．问题：最后男士是什么意思？根据"Great writers can really help you to love reading too. I mean, I wasn't fond of reading until I found my favorite. Still, it's unusual to find writers that can do that — for me, anyway."伟大的作家也能帮助你爱上阅读。我的意思是，直到我找到我最喜欢的书，我才喜欢读书。尽管如此，找到能做到这一点的作家还是很不寻常的——无论如何，对我来说。可推知他认为很难找到好的书。故选A。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 听下面一段独白，回答问题。
17．Why did Jared Isaacman start the Inspiration 4 mission
A．To raise funds.
B．To do research.
C．To realize his dream.
18．What do we know about Haley Arceneaux
A．She had cancer at 29.
B．She was chosen as a NASA astronaut in 2009.
C．She is the youngest American in space.
19．What does Sian Proctor do
A．He's a doctor. B．He's a teacher. C．He's an astronaut.
20．Where was the orbit of the Inspiration 4 mission
A．93 miles above the Earth.
B．360 miles above the Earth.
C．575 miles above the Earth.
【答案】17．A
18．C
19．B
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: On September 16th, 2021, a group of "ordinary" people blasted off into space on the first space mission with no professional astronauts. The mission, called Inspiration 4, was the idea of a billionaire Jared Isaacman, who paid the company SpaceX to arrange the flight. He's a pilot who has flown different kinds of airplanes. Mr. Isaacman decided to use the trip to raise money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Haley Arceneaux, 29, was a cancer patient at St. Jude when she was a child. Ms. Arceneaux works at St. Jude as a physician's assistant, helping patients and assisting doctors. She is the youngest American to fly into orbit. The capsule has room for four crew members. Mr. Isaacman's company held a contest to fill one of the spots. The position was won by Dr. Sian Proctor, a college professor who was nearly chosen as a NASA astronaut in 2009. The Inspiration 4 mission orbited 360 miles (575 km) above the Earth. That was about 93 miles higher than the International Space Station.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：为什么Jared Isaacman开始了Inspiration 4任务？根据"Mr. Isaacman decided to use the trip to raise money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital."Isaacman先生决定利用这次旅行为圣犹达儿童研究医院筹集资金。故选A。
18．问题：关于Haley Arceneaux我们知道什么？根据"She is the youngest American to fly into orbit."她是进入轨道的最年轻的美国人。故选C。
19．问题：Sian Proctor是做什么的？根据"The position was won by Dr. Sian Proctor, a college professor who was nearly chosen as a NASA astronaut in 2009."该职位由大学教授Sian Proctor博士获得，他在2009年差点被选为美国国家航空航天局宇航员。故选B。
20．问题：Inspiration 4任务的轨道在哪里？根据"The Inspiration 4 mission orbited 360 miles (575 km) above the Earth."Inspiration 4任务环绕地球上空360英里（575公里）。故选B。
三、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
We can all think of times when people didn't make remembering easy. Directions given at machine-gun speed. New people introduced in a flood of names and handshakes. Whenever information is passed between people, it's all too easy for it to go in one ear and straight out of the other. Thankfully, the opposite is also true. Look around you, and you'll see parents who can get their children to remember exactly what they were told; advertisers who know how to imprint their sales messages on our brains.
So, how do they do Their secrets can be summed up in four simple words: focus, imagery, reasons and engagement.
FOCUS means ensuring that the person you're talking to can concentrate on learning. Choose your moment carefully. Check that they can properly hear or see the information. Communicate slowly and clearly enough for their memory to cope.
IMAGERY helps information to stick. Do everything your can to make other people "see" the ideas you're giving them. Add visual details to directions, and illustrate abstract concepts with metaphors.
REASONS to remember help people to put in the mental effort. So, make it clear that your words are important, and be explicit about why. Maybe this information will save them time, protect them from embarrassment, or let them enjoy a particular experience or event.
EMGAGEMENT requires you to ask questions. Point out links between new concepts and things listeners already know. Activate their senses, spark their curiosity, get them doing something physical, or simply make them laugh.
The next time you've got an important message to pass on, put some of these techniques to the test. You'll discover that there are benefits on both sides when you know how to FIRE people's memories into action.
21．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To report new research. B．To provide some advice.
C．To explain a problem. D．To define some terms.
22．How can you do to help a listener "focus" on what you are saying
A．Select the appropriate time to raise the topic.
B．Do something humorous to get their attention.
C．Make sure the information provided is correct.
D．Speak as slowly and clearly as you possibly can.
23．Explaining to listeners why your information is important is an example of ____.
A．FOCUS B．IMAGERY C．REASONS D．ENGAGEMENT
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，针对如何让人们记住你所说的事情，提出了四点意见。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The next time you've got an important message to pass on, put some of these techniques to the test. "下次你有重要的信息要传递时，试试这些技巧。可知，作者的目的是想要提供一些建议，故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Choose your moment carefully. Check that they can properly hear or see the information. "认真选择时机。检查他们是否能正确地听到或看到信息。故选A。
23．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"REASONS to remember help people to put in the mental effort. So, make it clear that your words are important, and be explicit about why."记住理由有助于人们投入精神上的努力。所以，要清楚地表明你的话是重要的，并明确说明原因。故选C。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
Najib is an Afghan who grew up in Iran. He led a tough life. When he found his children would be in the same situation, his family initially returned to Afghanistan. But with the country filled with conflicts, they decided to leave for Indonesia.
"When we first came here, we were in a bad situation. Its language, culture and even weather were different. We had moved away from friends and family," says Najib. "I was in a tough position but I acted strong because there were no other choices."
Refugees (难民) cannot work in Indonesia and there are limited choices for refugee children to attend local schools. Determined to avoid such a fate, a group of refugees in Puncak took action and scraped together (东拼西凑) their resources to set up a school—the Refugee Learning Center (RLC).
"Our only goal and task is to provide basic education, and prepare the refugee children for their future," says Abdullah Sarwari. "We're also trying to provide a normal life as much as possible for them."
The RLC has also started offering Bahasa Indonesia classes to the refugee community. "Between the refugee and the local community, I feel like there's a language barrier which stops the refugee from having an honest and open interaction with Indonesians," says Abdullah.
"If you try your best, to learn the language of a particular place or country, it really helps make things easier," says Najib. He is among those who signed up for classes, although he admits progress has been slow. But life has improved in some ways for him and his family.
Najib says, "The centre is an opportunity for refugee to show that they are not a burden. If they have the opportunity, they can accomplish big and great things like this."
24．Why did Najib decide to leave for Indonesia
A．To escape the conflict in Afghanistan.
B．To experience Indonesian culture.
C．To help refugees in Indonesia.
D．To get equal rights to vote.
25．What's the main purpose of founding the RLC for refugee children
A．To help them learn English.
B．To make them stay away from bad luck.
C．To provide them with chances to live in Indonesia.
D．To make them have access to receiving basic education.
26．What can we learn about Najib according to the text
A．He is the leader of refugees.
B．He founded the RLC himself.
C．He studies Indonesian in the RLC．
D．He lives a wealthy life in Indonesia.
27．What's the best title for this text
A．The Goal of Founding a School
B．A School for Refugees by Refugees
C．A Reason for Leaving for Indonesia
D．The Benefit of Learning a New Language
【答案】24．A
25．D
26．C
27．B
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Najib是在伊朗长大的阿富汗人。他过着艰苦的生活。当他发现他的孩子也将面临同样的处境时，他的家人最初回到了阿富汗。但由于这个国家充满了冲突，他们决定前往印度尼西亚。难民不能在印度尼西亚工作，难民儿童在当地上学的选择有限。为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But with the country filled with conflicts, they decided to leave for Indonesia."但由于这个国家充满了冲突，他们决定前往印度尼西亚。可知，Najib决定前往印度尼西亚，以逃避阿富汗的冲突。故选A。
25．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Our only goal and task is to provide basic education, and prepare the refugee children for their future,'" says Abdullah Sarwari.""我们唯一的目标和任务是提供基础教育，为难民儿童的未来做好准备，"阿卜杜拉·萨瓦里说。可知，为难民儿童建立难民学习中心的主要目的是使他们有机会接受基础教育。故选D。
26．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"The RLC has also started offering Bahasa Indonesia classes to the refugee community."RLC也开始为难民社区提供印尼语课程；以及第六段中的" He is among those who signed up for classes,"他是报名参加课程的学生之一。可知，他在难民学习中心学习印尼语。故选C。
27．考查标题归纳。根据第三段中的"Determined to avoid such a fate, a group of refugees in Puncak took action and scraped together (东拼西凑) their resources to set up a school—the Refugee Learning Center (RLC). "为了避免这样的命运，一群来自塔提克的难民采取了行动，聚集他们的资源建立了一所学校——难民学习中心；以及下文对难民学习中心的介绍可知，本文介绍了为难民建立的一所学校——难民学习中心。"一所由难民建立的难民学校"适合作本文标题。故选B。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
Most of Earth's freshwater sits underground. Worldwide, about 70 percent of the groundwater drawn to the surface goes for farming. But surface waters-rivers and streams come from groundwater, too. Drawing too much groundwater over a short time can be harmful. Natural waterways can begin to empty. And that car hurt freshwater ecosystems. Scientists consider this a tipping point when small actions can begin making unusually big differences.
A new study has found that 15 to 21 percent of tapped water(自来水)areas have reached this sort of tipping point. Most of those tapped rivers and streams are in dry areas. Farmers in rates these areas use groundwater to water their crops. At present drawing rates, the study predicts that 42 to 79 percent of water areas around the world where groundwater is drawn up for use at the surface will reach tipping points by 2050.
A healthy groundwater aquifer(含水层)protects ecosystems against seasonal ups and downs in the use of water. That provides stability for area plants and animals. But if too much groundwater is drawn up from below, surface waters will begin to flow into the aquifer, which can harm what are living in rivers and streams.
De Graaf and the study team set up a computer model. It linked groundwater drawing and water flows within rivers. The model covered fifty years, from 1950 to 2010. Then the researchers used climate forecasts to help the model predict what might happen in future years. Throughout, they kept groundwater drawing rates sustainable. More than half of drawn water areas are likely to cross this ecological tipping point before 2050, the model finds.
"We need to be thinking about this now, not in 10 years," De Graaf says. "Our study shows us where to target more sustainable efforts."
28．What does the "tipping point" in paragraph 1 mean
A．End point. B．Breaking point.
C．Freezing point. D．Boiling point.
29．Which of the following causes the "tipping point"
A．Water pollution. B．Climate change.
C．Increasing population. D．Overusing groundwater.
30．What is the part the groundwater plays in the environment .
A．Clearing surface waters to be drinkable.
B．Protecting ecosystems from pollution.
C．Keeping the stability of natural water.
D．Providing stability for the local economy.
31．How did the researchers conduct the study
A．They predicted the result based on old data.
B．They happened to work out the result.
C．They measured all the groundwater and surface water.
D．They did questionnaire surveys on the water information.
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．C
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自然界中的地下水被过度抽取，对我们的生态环境造成严重的负面影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"when small actions can begin making unusually big differences."可知科学家认为小的行动可以开始产生大的影响，因此这是一个临界点。可推知，划线短语tipping point意思为"临界点"。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Farmers in rates these areas use groundwater to water their crops. At present drawing rates, the study predicts that 42 to 79 percent of water areas around the world where groundwater is drawn up for use at the surface will reach tipping points by 2050."这些地区的农民使用地下水灌溉庄稼。按照目前的开采速度，该研究预测，到2050年，全球42%至79%的地下水被开采出来供地表使用的水域将达到临界点。可推知，过度使用地下水是导致达到"临界点"的原因。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"A healthy groundwater aquifer protects ecosystems against seasonal ups and downs in the use of water."一种健康的地下水含水层保护了生态系统免受水的使用的季节起伏。可知，地下水在环境中的作用是保持天然水的稳定性。故选C。
31．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"The model covered fifty years, from 1950 to 2010. Then the researchers used climate forecasts to help the model predict what might happen in future years."该模型涵盖了50年，从1950年到2010年。然后，研究人员利用气候预测来帮助模型预测未来几年可能发生的事情。可知，研究人员通过旧数据预测了结果，来进行这项研究的。故选A。
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读理解
The huge billboard at the side of the highway is no joke; transporting firewood in certain areas is a crime, punishable by a four-thousand-dollar fine. The reason Emerald Ash Borer disease, or EAB disease, a new addition to the long list of dangerous foreign pest infestations（虫害）on American soil. It was in 2002 when the Emerald Ash Borer beetle（甲虫）was first discovered in Michigan. Not long after, the pest was found in Ohio. Originally from Asia, this green beetle probably found its way to North America through a wooden box made of ash wood and immediately settled into a local ash tree. In little time, the species managed to kill millions of ash trees.
To date, much work is underway to stop ash trees ending up in the same group as elm and chestnut trees, which are all dying out in many areas. Ash Borer Infestations are particularly troublesome because they are difficult to identify until the ash tree is heavily infested. In addition, other ash trees in the area surrounding the source will probably also be infested, making control a hard task.
Researchers are working on many issues related to the control and removal of this harmful beetle. For example, it has been discovered that Asian ash trees are not destroyed by this native borer. It may be that, Asian ash trees have developed genes（基因）to protect them from the insect; therein, perhaps, lies the secret to controlling this pest. Insecticide（杀虫剂）treatment is also being explored on several fronts. Research is underway to determine which insecticides are proving to be the most successful. The proper application of the insecticides is being debated.
However, all possible solutions require a great deal of study and research. In the meantime, careful steps must be taken. Methodical identification of infested trees is taking place. Identified trees are being cut down and destroyed to get rid of the beetle colonies（群）. In the end, this puts a huge drain（消耗）on city budgets, as tree removal can be extremely expensive.
Even though it will be expensive to deal with this problem in the short term, the costs of doing nothing could be far higher, since we could lose an entire species of tree.
32．What can we learn about the Emerald Ash Borer beetle
A．It is a newly found species.
B．It can be used to fight foreign pest infestations.
C．It is native to North America.
D．It can cause damaging harm to American ash trees.
33．What is special about Ash Borer infestations
A．They affect Asian ash trees most frequently.
B．They are difficult to identify and get rid of.
C．They break out at certain times every year.
D．They spread slowly in a small area.
34．What method is currently used to control EAB disease
A．Gene activation. B．Insecticide use.
C．Removing infested trees. D．Introducing the beetle's enemies.
35．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Healthy trees should be relocated and protected.
B．Protecting the ash tree should be done at any cost.
C．Government budget for tree removal should be cut.
D．Measures that have side effects should be avoided.
【答案】32．D
33．B
34．C
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由外来物种引发的EAB病在北美洲的情况及其应对措施。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"a new addition to the long list of dangerous foreign pest infestations on American soil"美国领土上的外国害虫危险名单上又多了一个新成员；以及"In little time, the species managed to kill millions of ash trees"在很短的时间内，这个物种成功地杀死了数百万棵白蜡树。可知，Emerald Ash Borer beetle这种外来物种引发的虫害对美国本土造成了极大的破坏，在很短的时间内，该物种就杀死了数百万棵白蜡树。故选D。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"because they are difficult to identify until the ash tree is heavily infested""因为在白蜡树被大量寄生之前，很难辨认它们的身份；以及"other ash trees in the area surrounding the source will probably also be infested, making control a hard task"源头周围的其他白蜡树可能也会被感染，这使得控制变得很困难。可知，EAB这种虫害早期不易识别且难以控制。故选B。
34．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Identified trees are being cut down and destroyed"已确认的树木正在被砍伐和摧毁。可知，为控制EAB虫害，目前采取的措施是将患病的树木砍伐并移除。故选C。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Even though it will be expensive to deal with this problem in the short term, the costs of doing nothing could be far higher, since we could lose an entire species of tree."尽管在短期内解决这个问题代价高昂，但无所作为的代价可能会高得多，因为我们可能会失去整个树种。可知，作者认为尽管在短期内解决虫害问题的成本很高，但比起失去整个树种的代价，目前的成本都是值得的，因此作者应该会支持尽全力保护白蜡树这一树种。故选B。
四、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning to Give Praise to Others
Words of praise, when used right, can have powerful positive effects on others. They are free, but they're worth so much to the receiving person. 　36． 　 Your members didn't follow you because of salaries but for more altruistic (利他的) reasons. Therefore, it is important that you give them the praise that is due for their efforts.
　37． 　 Don't say, "You look good today." when you could have said, "You look amazing today!" Don't say, "Thanks for your effort." Instead say, "I'm so thankful for your being on this project, we couldn't have finished it without you!"
Of course, with what I have mentioned above, be sure it's coming from your heart. 　38． 　 Don't praise if you don't have a hint of appreciation for the person. Trust me, it will show in your eyes and the other party will feel upset. Insincere praise is flattery (恭维); you attempt to gain something from saying good things about the other person.
Besides, praising in public is rather important. 　39． 　 When you praise a partner in public, you lift him up and his conduct for everyone in the room to see. Look for opportunities where you can publicly celebrate the hard work of certain people and make them feel they are great.
I believe that as you begin using these communication tips and praising people around you, you'll see a change in the atmosphere of your work environment. 　40． 　 Eventually, you'll find yourself with a more effective team!
A．So you need to be sincere in praise.
B．This is more so in voluntary organizations.
C．People will become happier and smile more.
D．Words aren't always necessary in praising others.
E．It is much more effective than praising in private.
F．Remember that measured praise is not praise at all.
G．The best way to give praise is by being an example.
【答案】36．B；37．F；38．A；39．E；40．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何表扬他人的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空后"Your members didn't follow you because of salaries but for more altruistic (利他的) reasons. Therefore, it is important that you give them the praise that is due for their efforts."成员跟随着你并不是为了薪水，而是因为更多利他原因。因此，对他们的努力表示赞美是非常重要的。B. This is more so in voluntary organizations."志愿组织更是如此"承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
37．根据空后"Don't say, ‘You look good today.' when you could have said, ‘You look amazing today!' Don't say, ‘Thanks for your effort.' Instead say, ‘I'm so thankful for your being on this project; we couldn't have finished it without you!'"当你本可以说"你今天看起来很棒"时不要说"你今天看起来不错"。不要说"谢谢你的努力"，而要说"非常感谢你来参加这个项目，没有你我们不可能完成它"可知，作者建议表扬他人时不要吝惜言辞。E．It is much more effective than praising in private."记住，有尺度的赞美根本不是赞美。"符合上下文语境，也是本段的主题句。故选F。
38．根据空前"Of course, with what I have mentioned above, be sure it's coming from your heart."当然，对于我以上提到的，要确保的是这些话是发自你的内心；以及空后"Don't praise if you don't have a hint of appreciation for the person."如果你没有一点欣赏的意思就不要赞美。可知，赞美一定要发自内心，所以当你赞美他人时一定要真诚。A．So you need to be sincere in praise."所以你需要真诚的赞美。"承上启下， 符合语境。故选A。
39．根据空前"Besides, praising in public is rather important."此外，在公开场合赞美也非常重要；以及"When you praise a partner in public, you lift him up and his conduct for everyone in the room to see."当你在公开场合赞美搭档时，你就提升了他，让在场的所有人都看到他的行为。可知，公开赞美他人比私下赞美好。E．It is much more effective than praising in private."它比私下赞美要有效得多。"符合语境，故选E。
40．根据空前"I believe that as you begin using these communication tips and praising people around you, you'll see a change in the atmosphere of your work environment."我相信，当你开始使用这些沟通技巧，以及赞美你周围的人时，你会看到你的工作氛围的改变；以及空后"Eventually, you'll find yourself with a more effective team!"最终，你会发现你自己拥有一个更高效的团队。可知，设空处应陈述工作氛围变得越来越好。C．People will become happier and smile more."人们会变得越来越快乐，微笑也更多"符合语境。故选C。
五、第三部分，语言知识运用，第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Prime Minister Winston Churchill was young, he attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a 41． student. As a matter of fact, he'd have been thrown out of the school, if he hadn't been the son of a famous leader. However, he 42． his study at Harrow, went on to the university, and then had a successful 43． in the army. He later was elected Prime Minister and brought great honor to Britain. Toward the end of his period as Prime Minister, he was 44． to address the young boys at Harrow, his old 45． He gave this short but moving speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! 46． !"
Many people 47． Abraham Lincoln to be the greatest president of all time. Yet it should be 48． how many failures and defeats 49． his early life. He grew up on a small farm. In those early years, his family 50． had a penny and he had only one year of 51． education. In 1832, he lost his job. In 1833 he 52． in business. In 1835, the woman he loved died. In 1843 he was 53． when he tried to enter the Congress(国会).
In 1856, he was defeated in the 54． for vice president. In spite of these, he didn't 55． , and he was elected President of the US in 1860.
Personal history, education, situation—none of these can 56． a strong spirit. Some of the world's greatest people have 57． huge problems and difficulties at some time in their lives, but they've gone on to do 58． deeds. Bury him in the snows of Valley Forge, and you have a George Washington. Make a musical genius 59． to hear, and you have a Ludwig van Beethoven. Call him 60． to learn, and write him off as stupid, and you have an Albert Einstein.
41．A．clever B．lazy C．famous D．good
42．A．abandoned B．supported C．completed D．appreciated
43．A．fight B．career C．speech D．movement
44．A．invited B．ordered C．forced D．informed
45．A．family B．school C．centre D．hometown
46．A．Always B．Sometimes C．Once D．Never
47．A．ignore B．want C．sense D．consider
48．A．forgiven B．forgotten C．remembered D．blamed
49．A．respected B．served C．marked D．spared
50．A．usually B．hardly C．fairly D．merely
51．A．regular B．special C．extra D．royal
52．A．appeared B．opened C．succeeded D．failed
53．A．lost B．defeated C．valued D．cared
54．A．exchange B．election C．entrance D．benefit
55．A．make up B．agree with C．take over D．give up
56．A．hold back B．depend on C．keep up D．apply for
57．A．answered B．controlled C．met D．avoided
58．A．crazy B．small C．new D．great
59．A．unable B．hesitate C．hopeful D．likely
60．A．slow B．wise C．quick D．Strong
【答案】41．D；42．C；43．B；44．A；45．B；46．D；47．D；48．C；49．C；50．B；51．A；52．D；53．B；54．B；55．D；56．A；57．C；58．D；59．A；60．A
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，以世界著名领导人丘吉尔和林肯为例告诉我们了不管生活中遇到多大的困难，都不要轻易放弃，什么都无法阻挡一颗强大的内心。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：他不是一个好学生。A. clever"聪明的"；B. lazy"懒惰的"；C. famous"著名的"； D. good"好的"。根据下文"As a matter of fact, he'd have been thrown out of the school,"事实上，他早就被学校开除了，可知，他不是一个好学生，故选D。
42．句意：然而，他在哈罗公学完成了学业，上了大学，然后在军队里取得了成功。A. abandoned"遗弃"； B. supported"支持"；C. completed"完成"；D. appreciated"欣赏、感激"。根据上文，她不是一个好学生，如果不是因为他是一位著名领导人的儿子，他早就被学校开除了，However表明他却完成了学业，故选C。
43．句意：然而，他在哈罗公学完成了学业，上了大学，然后在军队里取得了成功。A. fight"打仗"；B. career"职业"； C. speech"演讲"； D. movement"运动"。根据语境可知，他在军队里有一个成功的职业生涯，故选B。
44．句意：他在首相任职结束的时候，被邀请到他的母校做演讲。A. invited"邀请"； B. ordered"命令"； C. forced"强制"；D. informed"通知"。根据空后"to address the young boys at Harrow"可知，他被邀请到他的母校做演讲，故选A。
45．句意：他在首相任职结束的时候，被邀请到他的母校做演讲。A. family"家庭"；B. school"学校"； C. Center"中心"；D. hometown"家乡"。根据上文，可知哈罗公学是他的母校，故选B。
46．句意：年轻人们，永远不要放弃，永远。A. Always"经常"；B. Sometimes"有时"；C. Once"一次"；D. Never"从不"。根据语境可知，他告诫学生们永远不要放弃，故选D。
47．句意：许多人认为林肯是一位伟大的总统。A. ignore"忽视"；B. want"想要"；C. sense"感觉"；D. consider"认为"；根据语境和常识可知，人们认为林肯是一位伟大的总统，故选D。
48．句意：我们应该记着在他的生命里有多少失败的印记。A. forgiven"原谅"； B. forgotten"忘记"；C. remembered "记住"； D. blamed"责备"。根据语境可知，人们认为林肯很伟大，但我们也应该记着他也经历过很多失败，故选C。
49．句意：我们应该记着在他的生命里有多少失败的印记。A.respected"尊敬"；B. served"服务"；C.marked"标志，印记"； D. spared"节省"。根据语境可知无数的失败在他的生命里留下了印记，故选C。
50．句意：他的家里几乎没有一分钱，他只接受了一年的正规教育。A. usually "通常"；B. hardly"几乎不"；C. fairly"公平的"；D. merely"仅仅"。根据语境可知，他的家里很穷，几乎没有一分钱，故选B。
51．句意：他的家里几乎没有一分钱，他只接受了一年的正规教育。A. regular"规律的"；B. special "特殊的"；C. extra"额外的"； D. royal"忠诚的"。家里面没有钱，自然是上不起学，所以他只接受了一年的正规教育，故选A。
52．句意：在1833年的时候他做生意失败了。A. appeared"出现"； B. opened"打开"；C. succeeded"成功"；D. failed"失败"。根据上文，林肯也经历过很多失败，因此此处是说他做生意失败了，故选D。
53．句意：1843年他在国会竞选中被击败了。A. lost"失去"；B. defeated"击败"； C. valued"价值"；D. cared"关心"。根据语境，在国会竞选中被击败也是林肯经历过的众多失败之一，故选B。
54．句意：1856年他在副总统竞选中被击败了。A. exchange"改变"；B. election"选举"；C. entrance"入口"；D. benefit"益处"。根据语境可知此处指"副总统竞选"，故选B。
55．句意：尽管失败了很多次，但他并没放弃。A. make up"弥补"；B. agree with"同意"；C. take over"接收"； D. give up"放弃"。本文主要讲的就是两位名人经历无数失败却没有放弃的事情，故选D。
56．句意：个人历史、教育及环境这些问题都不能阻挡住一颗强大的心。A. hold back"阻挡"；B. depend on"依靠"；C. keep up"保持"；D. apply for"申请"。根据语境可知，个人历史、教育及环境这些问题都不能阻挡住一颗强大的内心，故选A。
57．句意：一些世界著名的人物在他们的生命中也会遇到巨大的困难和问题，但是他们仍然在做伟大的事业。A. answered"回答"；B. controlled"控制"；C. met"遇见"； D. avoided"避免"。根据上文可知，丘吉尔和林肯在他们的生命中也会遇到巨大的困难和问题，故选C。
58．句意：一些世界著名的人物在他们的生命中也会遇到巨大的困难和问题，但是他们仍然在做伟大的事业。A. crazy"疯狂的"；B. small"小的"； C. new"新的"； D. great"伟大的"。根据语境和常识可知，像丘吉尔和林肯这样著名的人物投身的事业也是伟大的，故选D。
59．句意：让一个音乐天才听不见，你就有了一个路德维希·凡·贝多芬。A. unable"无能为力的"； B. hesitate"犹豫"； C. hopeful"有希望的"； D. likely"可能的"。根据常识可知，贝多芬没有听力，故选A。
60．句意：说他学得慢，说他笨，你就有了一个阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦。A. slow"慢的"；B. wise"明智的"；C. quick"迅速的"；D. strong"强壮的"。根据常识可知，爱因斯坦小时候经常被老师说笨，学东西很慢，故选A。
六、第三部分，语言知识运用，第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024高三上·四川期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Simon Wakefield travelled round Yunnan after leaving university. While in Yunnan, he was astonished by how　61． 　(vary) the landscape is. Down in the south, it's very tropical, but in the northwest, Lijiang, a half new and half old town is on the side of a mountain, its peak 　62． 　 (cover) with snow. Seen from above, the old town is a maze in 　63． 　 the tourists get lost.
He went to the village where the Naxi ethnic group live. He found that it is the women 　64． 　 run Naxi society. They have the custom of playing cards in the middle of the street. He also found the Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still 　65． 　 use and that Naxi culture is 　66． 　 (particular) famous for its music. Passed from father to son, the music hasn't changed for centuries. He went to watch 　67． 　 performance in an old wooden hall, which 　68． 　 (play) by Naxi men, some of whom looked as if they were well over 100 years old.
At last he understood that it is the 　69． 　 (diverse) that makes Yunnan attractive. However different people may appear 　70． 　 (be) at first, we are all the same, all equal.
【答案】61．varied；62．covered；63．which；64．who/that；65．in；66．particularly；67．a；68．was played；69．diversity；70．to be
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了外国人Simon Wakefield云南之行的所见所感。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，定语从句，定语从句，介词，副词，冠词，时态语态，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：在云南的时候，他被那里多姿多彩的景色所震惊。此处为"how+形容词+主谓"形式的感叹句，应用形容词，表示"多姿多彩的"，应用形容词varied，侧重多样性。故填varied。
62．句意：在南方，这里很有热带风情，但在云南西北的丽江，一个半新半旧的小镇就在山的一侧，山峰上覆盖着白雪。此处为独立主格结构，its peak与cover构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填covered。
63．句意：从上往下看，这座古城就像个迷宫，游客们常常在里面迷路。此处为"介词+关系代词"结构定语从句修饰先行词maze，作介词in的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
64．句意：他发现是妇女在管理纳西族。此句为强调句结构"it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分"，被强调部分为the women。故填who/that。
65．句意：他还发现纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字的语言，纳西族文化尤其以其音乐而闻名。in use固定短语，"在使用中"。故填in。
66．句意：他还发现纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字的语言，纳西族文化尤其以其音乐而闻名。此处修饰形容词famous，应用副词particularly，作状语。故填particularly。
67．句意：他去一个古老的木制大厅观看由纳西族男子上演的一场表演，其中一些人看起来像100多岁的老人。此处表泛指"一场表演"应用不定冠词，且performance是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
68．句意：他去一个古老的木制大厅观看由纳西族男子上演的一场表演，其中一些人看起来像100多岁的老人。此处是谓语动词，根据上文went可知应用一般过去时，且定语从句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。从句中谓语动词的数与先行词performance保持一致，应用单数。故填was played。
69．句意：最后，他明白了云南之所以吸引人，是因为它的多样性。此处为强调句，强调的是主语，用名词diversity，表示抽象意义，不可数。故填diversity。
70．句意：无论人们最初看起来是怎样的不同，我们都是一样的，都是平等的。appear to do固定短语，"好像……"，不定式作表语，故填to be。
七、第四部分，写作，第一节，短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．（2024高三上·四川期末） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As far as I'm concerned, diligence is much important than intelligence. Firstly, as known to all, a knife will not be sharp if not sharpen regularly. The same is true with studying. In other words, unless you don't study hard and only depend on your intelligence, perhaps you can get some achievements and stand out in the beginning. But it is no doubt that you will fall behind those that work hard in the end. Secondly, most great people, like Edison, were not smart at the school, but they get lots of achievements through hard work. However, it proves that diligence can help you to make progresses in study and become a great person.
【答案】① much →more或者much后加more ②as后加is ③sharpen →sharpened ④unless →if ⑤it →there ⑥that →who ⑦去掉school前的the ⑧get →got ⑨However →Therefore ⑩progresses →progress
【知识点】学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者认为勤奋比聪明重要得多，并且陈述了两点理由。
（1）句意：就我而言，勤奋比智力更重要。根据than intelligence可知此处应用形容词比较级，important是多音节词，其比较级是在前面加more；也可看作much修饰比较级，在important前加more构成比较级。故much改为more或者much后加more。
（2）句意：首先，众所周知，一把刀如果不经常磨是不会锋利的。结合句意表示"众所周知"短语为as is known to all，as引导非限制性定语从句，is作为从句的谓语动词。故as后加is。
（3）句意：首先，众所周知，一把刀如果不经常磨是不会锋利的。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，省略了与主句相同的主语和be动词，主语a knife与sharpen之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故sharpen改为sharpened。
（4）句意：换句话说，如果你不努力学习，只靠自己的聪明才智，或许能在一开始就取得一些成绩，脱颖而出。unless表示"除非"，从句中已经有否定词not，if…not相当于unless。故unless改为if。
（5）句意：但毫无疑问，你最终会落后于那些努力工作的人。there is no doubt that…固定句式，"毫无疑问……"，故it改为there。
（6）句意：但毫无疑问，你最终会落后于那些努力工作的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词those，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，只能用关系代词who引导定语从句，不能用that。故whom改为who。
（7）句意：其次，大多数伟大的人，像爱迪生，在学校并不聪明，但他们通过努力工作获得了很多成就。at school固定短语，"在学校"，故去掉school前的the。
（8）句意：其次，大多数伟大的人，像爱迪生，在学校并不聪明，但他们通过努力工作获得了很多成就。句意：其次，大多数伟大的人，像爱迪生，在学校并不聪明，但他们通过努力工作获得了很多成就。此处描述的是一些伟人的过去，应用一般过去时。故get改为got。
（9）句意：因此，这证明勤奋可以帮助你在学习上取得进步，成为一个伟大的人。结合上下文内容可知，此处为因果关系，应用therefore。故However改为Therefore。
（10）句意：因此，这证明勤奋可以帮助你在学习上取得进步，成为一个伟大的人。progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故progresses改为progress。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，非谓语动词，状语从句，固定句式，定语从句，冠词，时态，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
八、第四部分，写作，第二节，书面表达(满分25分)
72．（2024高三上·四川期末）假如你是学校英文报社的小记者李华，请你报道你校五月份开展的"班服设计大赛"。内容包括：1.活动目的 2.活动开展情况。
注意：1.词数 100 左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：班服（class uniform）
【答案】With the purpose of cultivating students' creativity and encouraging us to find and appreciate the beauty in our school life, a class uniform design competition was held in May.
The competition caught a great number of students' and parents' attention. A total of 40 works were received, all of which were submitted through the Internet. There are various styles of class uniform. Some came from the inspiration of nature, and some were designed to reflect their class mottos. According to online voting, the work comes from Class 6, Senior 1 has gained the most popularity for its unique design.
The activity has become a real hit in our campus and encouraged more students to show their talents bravely.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 学校英文报社的小记者李华的身份，报道你校五月份开展的"班服设计大赛"。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.活动目的 2.活动开展情况。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：With the purpose of cultivating students' creativity and encouraging us to find and appreciate the beauty in our school life, a class uniform design competition was held in May.运用了介词短语作状语，被动语态；A total of 40 works were received, all of which were submitted through the Internet.运用了被动语态，非限制性定语从句； There are various styles of class uniform.运用了there be固定句式； Some came from the inspiration of nature, and some were designed to reflect their class mottos. 运用了并列句。
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