人教版英语八年级下册Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.语法知识讲解及练习（含答案）

人教版英语八年级下册第二单元语法知识——动词不定式突破
通过完成书上的练习来感受动词不定式。
3c Use infinitives to complete the sentences below.
1、Mario would like _____ (be) an animal doctor.
2、Mario works for an animal hospital because he wants ________ (learn) about how _______ (care) for animals.
3、Mary decided ___________ ( try out) for a job at an after-school reading program last year. She still works there now _______ (help) kids learn to read.
4、Mary has a dream job because she can do what she loves ____________(do) .
参考答案：
to be 2、to learn ; to care 3、to try out ; to help 4、to do
关于动词不定式
动词不定式(infinitive): to+ 动词原型
动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，无人称和数的变化。
练习巩固——根据句意及单词提示完成句子。
1、I’ d like ___________ (help) homeless people
2、My parents want me ________ (be) a doctor.
3、What can you expect _______ (learn) from the news
4、They hope ___________ (become) teachers.
5、They want ___________ (go) there by bus.
6、We can help ____________ (prepare) the food and drinks.
7、I make a plan _________ (help) the sick kids.
8、Who will volunteer ________ (read) these words for us
9.、The girl often helps her mother_______ (do) the dishes on weekends.
10、He asked me ______ (tell) him all the things.
11、We need _________ (hand) out the notices after school.
12、Please remember _________ (turn) off the lights .
13、I went to the USA ________ (visit) my friends.
14、I went to the hospital ________ (see) the dentist last week.
15、Mary and I give up several hours _______ (help ) others.
16、I put up many notices ________( tell ) people about this thing.
17、_________ (catch) the first bus, I get up early.
18、__________ (get) there quickly , we usually take a bus.
19、I make a plan ________ (help) the sick kids.
20、I have many good ways _________(study) English.
21、Hainan is a good place _________(have ) fun.
22、Many people are only worried about getting good jobs _________ (make ) lots of money.
23、In my family, my mother is always the first one _________ (get) up.
24、She didn’t know what __________ (say).
25、He wants to learn more about how _______ (care) for animals.
26、Lily doesn't know when _________(leave) this city.
27、It is important for us ___________ (exercise)
28、My job is ___________( teach) English.
29、Her dream is __________(become) an animal doctor.
30、Tom got up too late________ ( eat ) breakfast.
参考答案：
to help 2、to be 3、to learn 4、to become 5、to go 6、to prepare
to help 8、to read 9、to do 10、to tell 11、to hand 12、to turn
to visit 14、to see 15、to help 16、to tell 17、To catch 18、To get
to help 20、to study 21、to have 22、to make 23、to get 24、to say
25、to care 26、to leave 27、to exercise 28、to teach 29、to become 30、to eat
三、课本知识再现——复习巩固
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
Help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1. __________ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what 2. ___________ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do 3.__________others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way 4.__________our free time. For example, we can make plans 5. ___________ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6. _________ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
参考答案：
to make 2、to do 3、to help
4、to spend 5、to visit 6、to move
四、总结归纳动词不定式的常见格式和用法。
1、动词不定式常跟在其他动词后面，动词的固定搭配，这样的动词短语通常有：
would like \ want to do sth. 想要做某事
expect to do sth. 盼望做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
help sb. To do sth. 帮助某人做某事
volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事
plan to do sth. 计划\打算做某事
ask\tell sb. To do sth. 叫某人做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事
remember to do sth.记得要做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
like to do sth. 喜欢做某事
It takes sb. Some time to do sth. 某人花费...时间做某事。
It’s+形容词+(for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是...的。
动词不定式：to+ 动词原型，用于表目的：为了.；例如：We exercise more to keep healthy.
为了保持健康，我们多锻炼。
3、动词不定式：to+动词原型
放在名词后，做后置定语用来修饰前面的名词。相当于形容词。例如：The boy is the last one to leave the classroom. 这个男孩是最后一个离开教室的。
同学们，只有多练习才能巩固所学知识，所以，接下来，请大家对照今天的学习以及课本上关于动词不定式的知识好好的做个总结后，抽空完成与之相关的练习题吧。