专题02阅读理解记叙文
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
（2023年新高考I卷）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
1.关注细节
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.注重联系
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.读懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。
4.挖掘意义
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
（2024山东潍坊·高三统考期末）When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet.
Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back.
He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. In 2019, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different countries, they managed to create educational videos on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U. S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said.
Cash was selected as one of America’s top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a$5,000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee Wildlife Federation.
“I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”
24. Which can replace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2
A. Fall asleep. B. Lose heart.
C. Turn a blind eye. D. Lend a hand.
25. What is the purpose of starting the Cleanup Kids
A. To recycle waste plastics.
B. To make instructive videos.
C. To spread marine knowledge.
D. To appeal for ocean protection.
26. Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels
A. Sympathetic and devoted. B. Initiative and talented.
C. Ambitious and humorous. D. Determined and modest.
27. What does Cash Daniels story imply
A. Passion fuels dreams.
B. Great minds think alike.
C. Helping others is of great fun.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
(
刷模拟
)
Passage（1）
（2023·浙江金华·浙江省义乌中学校考模拟预测）Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of Houston, Texas, would use a stool (凳子) to help her reach the bathroom sink. However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and messed up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use.
Jeanie decided to make a stool attached to the bathroom cabinet door under the sink. She cut a board of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges (铰链), Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁). Jeanie called her invention “the Kiddie Stool”.
Jeanie’s Kiddie Stool won first place in her school’s contest. Two years later, it was awarded first prize again at Houston’s first annual Invention Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited to make a number of public appearances with her Kiddie Stool, and was featured on local TV as well as in newspapers. Many people found the story of the Kiddie Stool inspiring because it showed that with a pair of observant eyes, anyone can be an inventor.
24. According to the passage, why did Jeanie Low invent the Kiddie Stool
A. Many other five-year-olds had problems reaching the bathroom sink.
B. She did not think that plastic stools were tall enough for her.
C. The stool in her bathroom was not firm and often got in the way.
D. She was invited to enter an invention contest held by her school.
25. Which of the following statements is true about how the Kiddie Stool works
A. The platform is supported by two metal hinges.
B. It swings from left to right to be attached to the cabinet door.
C. It uses hinges and magnets to keep the wooden pieces in place.
D. The Kiddie Stool will swing out only when the cabinet door opens.
26. What are the characteristics of Jeanie’s Kiddie Stool
A. Permanent and foldable. B. Fragile and disposable.
C. Conventional and portable. D. Convenient and recyclable.
27. What message does the passage convey
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Necessity is the mother of invention.
C. Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.
D. Invention requires both disciplines and wild imagination.
Passage（2）
（2023·山东·统考一模）Tyler had broken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car knocked Tyler down when it came out of a side street without stopping. The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn’t stop. So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.
First, Tyler wrote a petition (请愿书) to have a stop sign put up with his parents’ help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbors, friends, teachers, classmates ... almost everyone they knew to sign the petition. Soon, there were hundreds of names on the petition.
Tyler also got some information about other accidents at the same corner where he had had his own accident. If he could show the city that it was a dangerous corner, they might put up a stop sign there. He hoped that this information and his petition would work.
When the petition was ready, Tyler and his parents went to a meeting of the city council (政务委员会). They brought along the petition and the other information. After a long wait, Tyler got a chance to tell what had happened to him. He told the story of the bicycle accident and explained his idea. If there were a stop sign at the corner where the accident happened, other kids would be safer. After that, Tyler read the petition out loud. Then, he handed it and the other information to the council. The city council agreed to consider the request and make a decision before their next meeting.
The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition! There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.
24. Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the corner
A. Tyler rode rather too fast. B. There was no stop sign.
C. The car ran the red light. D. The street was crowded.
25. What was the first thing Tyler did to have a stop sign put up at the corner
A. He found out about other accidents.
B. He explained his idea to his neighbors.
C. He wrote a petition for the stop sign.
D. He attended a meeting of the city council.
26. When did the city council agree to the petition
A. As soon as Tyler handed it. B. After Tyler’s parents handed it again.
C. After about a six-month wait. D. Nearly a month after Tyler handed it.
27. How would the other kids probably feel when the new stop sign was put up
A. Thankful. B. Nervous. C. Embarrassed. D. Proud.
Passage（3）
（2024·广东佛山·统考一模）75-year-old hip-hop (街舞) grandma Stephanie Walsh has gained worldwide attention with her intense dance moves and incredible energy. Better known as “Ms. Stephanie” online, Walsh has been featured on social media accounts with some videos drawing more than II million people to watch.
Walsh believes the videos gained popularity because she is 75. “It’s because I’m a senior, ”said Walsh. “You don’t usually see someone my age doing hip-hop and moving like that. ”But actually, it’s more than that. Just as her profile claims, Walsh’s videos are “inspiring the world to dance like no one is watching. ”
“Dance isn’t just your body, it’s what you’re feeling inside about the dance and it’s what comes out here in your face,” Walsh said. “What I want to put through my movement is how much fun it is and how much joy it gives you.”
From a young age, Walsh loved to dance but her family didn’t have the money for classes. When she was nearly 30, she got her daughter ballet lessons, which her daughter hated. So, she took her daughter out and started classes herself right away.
Walsh believes her lifelong passion for dance is what motivates her today. “Everybody has to have a passion in their life,” she said. “It’s like that saying, ‘A life without passion is a life half lived.’ I believe that.”
Walsh dances for fun and fitness, but also for therapy (心理治疗). She struggled through countless hardships, and she has more than enough reasons to keep her down. But they don’t. She turns to her faith, her friends and of course, dance, to shine as an inspiration to those around her.
Gilbert, one of Walsh’s followers, says she inspires him every day. “She’s a beautiful soul who teaches me that it doesn’t matter about your age or your size. As long as you feel good, that’s all that matters,” says Gilbert. “I am truly thankful that Walsh is teaching me at the age of 32 to live my life full and stop being so scared.”
24. What motivates Walsh to do hip-hop
A. Its great social benefit. B. Its growing popularity.
C. Her enthusiasm for dance. D. Her hunger for reputation.
25. What contributes to her videos’ popularity according to Walsh
A. Her advanced age. B. Her smooth moves.
C. Her endless energy. D. Her confident claim.
26. What will Walsh’s story probably inspire Gilbert to do
A. Be active in social media.
B. Set a good example to others.
C. Take full advantage of his talent.
D. Adopt a positive approach to life.
27. Which is a suitable title for the text
A. Optimistic About Life: The Way to Survive
B. Forever Young in Dance: An Inspiring Figure
C. Embracing Social Media: The Key to Success
D. Dancing with the Young: An Amazing Journey
Passage（4）
（2024·浙江杭州·学军中学校考模拟预测）I’m a walker, logging an average of 9000 steps a day several times a week around my neighborhood. On recent trips to Copenhagen and Stockholm, I noticed tall, fit Scandinavians (斯堪法尼亚人) walking along on city streets with poles, as if they were cross-country skiing without any snow.
It was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous, full-body exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-old looking to stay healthy while enjoying the outdoors, I decided to give it a try.
There’s plenty of help online for the new Nordic (北 欧的 ) walker: stand tall, swing your arms out as if to shake hands, and plant your poles with vigour. Then there’s the little matter of the strap (带子) on the pole. This allows the walker to grip the pole when thrusting forward and then relax that hand as the other hand pushes forward – a skill of coordination that builds stronger muscles.
For a warm-up, I started slow: Nordic walking down the hall that extends from my front door to the deck. Keeping balance wasn’t my only problem. The novel use of my arms and upper body was surprisingly demanding. After half an hour, my heart was pounding and I was sweating, but I still wasn’t much good.
Still, I carried on because there’s no arguing with the exercise’s benefits. Nordic walkers’ upper-body exercise increases their heart rate significantly more than walking without poles. And according to cardiologist Dr Aaron Baggish, with poles “you’re engaging 80 to 90 per cent of your muscles.” It also helps people with Parkinson’s, says Burrill. “We put poles in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.”
After a few clumsy days of being convinced I would never succeed, suddenly everything clicked. Not only was I able to coordinate the movements, I was aware that my heart, arms and core were getting a workout. Nordic walking is a form of exercise I expect to enjoy for years to come.
24. What inspired the writer to try Nordic walking
A. Enjoying the outdoor skiing. B. Observing Scandinavians walking.
C. Getting tired of simple walking. D. Fancying a healthy lifestyle.
25. What was the main challenge for the author during the initial stages of Nordic walking
A. Building strong muscle in the arms.
B. Using arms and upper body harmoniously.
C. Sweating with heart pounding.
D. Feeling discouraged for lack of progress.
26. What does the author want to show by mentioning people with Parkinson’s
A. The great benefits of Nordic walking. B. The wide practice of Nordic walking.
C. The urgency to promote Nordic walking. D. The promising future of Nordic walking.
27. What is the author’s intention in writing this passage
A. To persuade readers to try Nordic walking for fun.
B. To share the experience of trying a new fitness activity.
C. To emphasize the great difficulties of Nordic walking.
D. To compare Nordic walking with simple walking.
Passage（5）
（2024·河北邢台·宁晋中学校考模拟预测）During my graduate studies, countless workshops taught me one thing: To make it in science, one must design and carry out big projects. As I established my own research lab, a senior colleague encouraged me to try something big. So when I landed an associate professor position, my goal seemed obvious: I should perform big projects. This was the only way to lay a foundation for a successful academic research career. The path, however, would not be as clear as I had pictured.
When I contacted famous researchers to suggest cooperating, as is typically required for high-profile projects, they frequently replied enthusiastically to start, agreeing my project sounded interesting and promising. But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical and hesitant, ultimately saying no. And when I sought grant funding, my lack of experience and reputation was cited as a reason to deny support for my ambitious proposals.
I spent about two years being stuck in this mindset, excited about my big ideas but making little actual progress, leading to frustration and depression. As I neared my breaking point, I began to ask myself: Were big projects really the only route
When I shifted to small projects, I became brave enough to step into fields I was not familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I found creative ideas to pursue. When I discussed these adventurous, low-cost projects with early-career researchers, they were glad to cooperate. We secured funding. When I published papers out of these projects, they were not exciting enough to make headlines— but for me, it was a moment of joy and self-contentment.
It has now been 3 years since I embraced this “small” approach. Sometimes senior colleagues say I’m wasting time with projects that aren’t important enough. But I disagree. When I do these studies, I also find clues for future big projects. Going forward, I will still commit part of my time to exploring small projects, which I think can help pursue more fundamental questions.
24. What is the author trying to do with big projects
A. Pursue his graduate studies.
B. Seek a route to academic success.
C. Apply for an associate professorship.
D. Establish an academic research center.
25. What prevented the author pursuing his big project
A. Lack of necessary support. B. The toughness of work
C. Shortage of academic talents. D. The opposition from colleagues.
26. How did the author carry out his small project
A. By publishing influential papers.
B. By getting young colleagues’ funding.
C. By exploring and initiating new ideas.
D. By cooperating with senior colleagues.
27. What does the author learn from his experience
A. Good jobs require a high degree.
B. Ambition isn’t fit for the young.
C. Success results from preparation.
D. Small doesn’t mean unimportant.
Passage（6）
（2024·湖北黄冈·统考一模）Three years into my postdoc (博士后), I started to wonder whether I needed a new career plan. After applying for more than two dozen teaching jobs, I hadn’t landed a single interview.
I had once considered going to art school but had put that idea to the side when I decided to pursue chemistry as an undergraduate. In the years that followed, I kept up my interest in art by taking painting classes at night. My family was bursting with mathematicians, computer programmers, and engineers, so it felt natural to have my daily life center around science.
But in the spring after my failed job search, that started to change after a friend excitedly showed me proofs of a review article. She was astonished by what the journal’s scientific illustrator had done with her fundamental sketches (速写). “That would be such a fun job.” I thought.
I decided to test out a new career direction by volunteering to create similar illustrations for my institute’s newsletters. I spent my nights and weekends reading scientific papers and thinking about how to illustrate the results. It was a fun task. I felt I was perhaps on the right path. But could I make a full-time career work
Searching online, I tracked down people who had that kind of job. I found many had training through scientific illustration master’s degree programs. After living on graduate student and postdoctoral salaries for years, I didn’t have enough money saved up for the programs, so I decided to get a certificate in digital design.
I now work as a visual designer at a biomedical research institute where I spend my days working with research to communicate their work visually. I love the fact that I get to combine my scientific and artistic sides.
24. Why did the author attend classes at night
A. To please her family. B. To pursue her hobby.
C. To pass her undergraduate tests. D. To complete optional courses in art.
25. What effect did the proofs have on the author
A. They shook her belief in science.
B. They tested out what she learned in class.
C. They motivated her to find a new career direction.
D. They gave her inspiration for her scientific paper.
26. What prevented the author seeking a scientific illustration master’s degree
A. Her financial difficulties. B. Her busy schedule.
C. Her new interest in digital design. D. Her lack of confidence.
27. How does the author feel about her current job
A. Pressured. B. Curious. C. Desperate. D. Satisfied.
Passage（7）
（2024·江苏·校联考二模）It’s 1:30 am in Kenya’s populated north, and 50 people are lying on their backs on the shore of a dried-up river, staring up at the night sky. These stargazers have travelled 250 miles to Samburu to witness the Perseid meteor shower(英仙座流星雨). They are not disappointed: Every few minutes, arrows of light shoot across the sky like silent fireworks.
The Star Safari is organised by a Kenyan astronomer, Susan Murabana, who has brought a 50 kg,170 cm-long telescope to allow the group to view Mars and deep-sky objects. But here in Samburu, where light pollution is minimal, the Perseid meteors—visible with the naked eye (裸眼)—steal the show.
Every two months, Murabana and her husband load their telescope on to the roof of their 4×4 and set off to rural communities, where they give up to 300 children a chance to view the planets and learn about constellations (星座) and the basics of astrophysics. They primarily targets schools in remote areas because of her mission to give girls an opportunity that she wishes had been available to her.
“When I started this work, I didn’t see people who looked like me. I was a lone ranger and I wanted to change that.” says Murabana.
“There is a common misconception in Kenya that astronomy in general is hard, boring, and only for boys,” she adds. “I’d like to teach young girls that astronomy is neither of these things and that they, too, can become astronomers,” says Murabana.
Murabana’s passion for astronomy began in her early 20s when her uncle invited her to join a similar outreach session organized by the Cosmos Education. “That was a gamechanger. If an outreach group had come to me when I was a young teenager, my attitude towards a career in astronomy would have been positive. I ended up studying sociology and economics, but maybe I would have desired to be an astronomer,” she says.
Inspired by the Cosmos Education, Murabana completed an online master’s degree in astronomy with the James Cook University in 201l and set up her own outreach programme. She looked to Dr Mae Jemison, the first black woman in space, as a role model. “I hope that one day, through this work, I will spark a chain reaction that leads to the first African woman in space.”
24. What do the underlined words “steal the show” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Ruin the effort. B. Face the challenge.
C. Attract more attention. D. Keep the promise.
25. Why does Murabana target girl students in remote areas
A. To help them out of poverty. B. To inspire their love of astronomy.
C. To look for assistants for her work. D. To give them an edge over boys in studies.
26. What can we learn about Murabana from paragraph 6
A. She enjoyed playing games.
B. She longed to be an astronomer.
C. She is an initiator of Cosmos Education.
D. She regretted not taking astronomy earlier.
27. What’s the passage mainly about
A. The birth of a Kenyan woman astronomer.
B. The prejudice against girls in rural Kenyan.
C. The Kenyan astronomer bringing astronomy to the people.
D. The Kenyan stargazers watching the Perseid meteors shower.
Passage（8）
（2024·广东·统考二模）It was two in the morning, and a koala was caught on a fence. A phone rang in the home of Ken, who was a volunteer devoted to rescuing wild koalas in Queensland. When he arrived on the scene, Ken put on heavy gloves. If koalas feel threatened, they bite. He then threw a blanket over the animal for more protection from being bitten. He then firmly grasped the koala through the blanket, and dropped it in a cage.
Normally, if the koala is healthy, it is released where it is found. Koalas tend to eat from the same eucalyptus trees (桉树) over and over. But, the problem was that there were no eucalyptus trees left for this koala. Ken had to take it to a small park nearby. Food is one of the reasons why koalas are at risk.
For 15 years, Ken has also been working on ways to make suburban areas more koala-friendly. He believes that koalas and humans can live together if certain changes are made. He recommends reducing speed limits in streets, creating more green areas for koalas to live in. What’s even more important is the need to preserve eucalyptus trees.
Even if these changes are made, koalas still have another problem. “Disease is a huge issue,” explains Ken. He says that almost half of Queensland’s female koalas are affected by a strange disease. “Without treatment, the koalas are unable to have babies. Koalas are becoming extinct,” says Ken.
Later that day, Ken visited a forest near Queensland to catch Tea, a wild female koala. Ken had been following Tea for over a year. Using special equipment, Ken walked and listened for a signal from the koala’s radio collar. He eventually found Tea sitting on a tree branch. Ken climbed up a ladder and caught Tea. After some medical check-ups, Ken found she had a baby. “As long as there are healthy babies,” he said, “there’s still hope.”
24. What did Ken use the blanket for
A. Catching the koala after it fell from a fence. B. Covering the koala so that it didn’t harm him.
C. Keeping the koala warm after it was caught. D. Helping the koala stay calm in the cage.
25. Why was the koala that Ken caught released in a nearby park
A. The koala was in a good physical condition.
B. Koalas were fed in the same trees again and again.
C. It was the only place nearby that had eucalyptus trees.
D. That was where the koala probably had its own baby.
26. What did Ken want to do with Tea
A. To see if she had a baby. B. To put a radio collar on her.
C. To keep her in a cage. D. To give her medicine.
27. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear
A. Entertainment. B. Health.
C. People and Animals. D. Politics.
(
刷真题
)Passage（1）
（2023年新高考II卷）Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
24. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings.
25. What are the selected artworks about
A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure.
26. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Understand. B. Paint.
C. Seize. D. Transform.
27. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
Passage（2）
（2022年新高考II卷）We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
25. Why did the kid poke the storybook
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
26. What does the author think of himself
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
Passage（3）
（2021年新高考I卷）By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage
A. Boring. B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
Passage（4）
（2021年新高考II卷）I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
24. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
25. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
27. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
Passage（5）
（2020年新高考II卷）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
24. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan
A. His friends' invitation. B. His interest in the country.
C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regain health.
25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Developing a serious mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
26. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan
A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant. D. Dangerous.
27. What is the purpose of this text
A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination.专题02阅读理解记叙文
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
（2023年新高考I卷）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
26. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
1.关注细节
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.注重联系
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.读懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。
4.挖掘意义
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
（2024山东潍坊·高三统考期末）When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet.
Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back.
He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. In 2019, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different countries, they managed to create educational videos on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U. S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said.
Cash was selected as one of America’s top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a$5,000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee Wildlife Federation.
“I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”
24. Which can replace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2
A. Fall asleep. B. Lose heart.
C. Turn a blind eye. D. Lend a hand.
25. What is the purpose of starting the Cleanup Kids
A. To recycle waste plastics.
B. To make instructive videos.
C. To spread marine knowledge.
D. To appeal for ocean protection.
26. Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels
A. Sympathetic and devoted. B. Initiative and talented.
C. Ambitious and humorous. D. Determined and modest.
27. What does Cash Daniels story imply
A. Passion fuels dreams.
B. Great minds think alike.
C. Helping others is of great fun.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是Cash Daniels热爱大自然，他从7岁开始就对保护地球充满了热情，他先从清理河流沿岸开始，并将此发展成一项人们可以广泛参与的活动。他被评选为2021年美国十大青年志愿者之一。
24. 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词之前“He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t(毕竟，他是在Chattanooga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋后，他就不能再这么做了)”以及第三段开头 “He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors.(他从清理河流开始，这件事很快就从家庭事务变成了志愿者和邻居的社区努力。)”可知当Cash Daniels看到了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋以后，他开始对河流岸边的垃圾进行了清理，最终这件事成为了人们可以广泛参与的活动，由此可以推测Cash Daniels对于最终都进入了海洋的垃圾没有置之不理，而是采取了积极的行动，所以划线词的意思与C项Turn a blind eye(视而不见)意思相近，故选C项。
25. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said.(卡什说：“我们想让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行为与水和海洋的关系。”)”可知the Cleanup Kids的目的是让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行为与水和海洋的关系，即呼吁人们保护海洋。故选D项。
26. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back.( Cash现在被称为“环保孩子”，他一直热爱大自然。毕竟，他是在Chattanooga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终进入海洋时，他不能坐视不管。)”可知Cash热爱大自然，关心环境，所以他是富有同情心的，根据文章最后一段““I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”可知Cash想要环游世界，教育别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系，所以他是有奉献精神的，故选A项。
27. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet.(当大多数孩子去海滩时，他们太专注于堆沙堡和溅水，而没有注意到垃圾，但几年前，对7岁的Cash来说，注意到一根塑料吸管激发了他毕生拯救地球的热情。)”以及文章最后一段““I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in it—you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”以及其他段落的内容可知一根塑料吸管激发了Cash拯救地球的热情而这种热情进而转化成了他的梦想，所以Cash 的故事暗示了激情可以点燃梦想。故选A项。
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刷模拟
)
Passage（1）
（2023·浙江金华·浙江省义乌中学校考模拟预测）Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of Houston, Texas, would use a stool (凳子) to help her reach the bathroom sink. However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and messed up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use.
Jeanie decided to make a stool attached to the bathroom cabinet door under the sink. She cut a board of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges (铰链), Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁). Jeanie called her invention “the Kiddie Stool”.
Jeanie’s Kiddie Stool won first place in her school’s contest. Two years later, it was awarded first prize again at Houston’s first annual Invention Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited to make a number of public appearances with her Kiddie Stool, and was featured on local TV as well as in newspapers. Many people found the story of the Kiddie Stool inspiring because it showed that with a pair of observant eyes, anyone can be an inventor.
24. According to the passage, why did Jeanie Low invent the Kiddie Stool
A. Many other five-year-olds had problems reaching the bathroom sink.
B. She did not think that plastic stools were tall enough for her.
C. The stool in her bathroom was not firm and often got in the way.
D. She was invited to enter an invention contest held by her school.
25. Which of the following statements is true about how the Kiddie Stool works
A. The platform is supported by two metal hinges.
B. It swings from left to right to be attached to the cabinet door.
C. It uses hinges and magnets to keep the wooden pieces in place.
D. The Kiddie Stool will swing out only when the cabinet door opens.
26. What are the characteristics of Jeanie’s Kiddie Stool
A. Permanent and foldable. B. Fragile and disposable.
C. Conventional and portable. D. Convenient and recyclable.
27. What message does the passage convey
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Necessity is the mother of invention.
C. Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.
D. Invention requires both disciplines and wild imagination.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了5岁的珍妮发明了一款帮助小孩子能够得着洗手盆的踏脚凳的故事。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and messed up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. (然而，她家里的塑料脚凳不稳定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了)”可知，珍妮想要发明踏脚凳的原因是，塑料凳子不稳定，还经常碍事。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁). (不使用时，铰链可以使两块木头紧紧地靠在橱柜上折叠起来，并用磁铁将它们固定在适当的位置。)”可知，珍妮发明的踏脚凳使用了铰链和磁铁固定。故选C。
26. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use. (珍妮决定参加竞赛，她制作了一种凳子，这种凳子将是浴室里的永久固定装置，但不用时可以挡住)”和第二段中的“This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁).(这为任何太矮而无法够得水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不使用时，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地靠在橱柜上折叠起来，并用磁铁固定)”可知，珍妮发明的脚踏凳具有永久和可折叠的特性。故选A。
27. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of Houston, Texas, would use a stool (凳子) to help her reach the bathroom sink. However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and messed up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use. (像许多其他五岁的孩子一样，德克萨斯州休斯顿的珍妮·洛会用凳子帮她够浴室的水槽。然而，她家里的塑料脚凳不稳定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了。在得知学校当年举办的一场发明竞赛后，珍妮决定参加竞赛，她制作了一种凳子，这种凳子将是浴室里的永久固定装置，但不用时可以挡住)”可知，通过珍妮的故事我们可以知道，发明来源于我们的需求。故选B。
Passage（2）
（2023·山东·统考一模）Tyler had broken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car knocked Tyler down when it came out of a side street without stopping. The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn’t stop. So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.
First, Tyler wrote a petition (请愿书) to have a stop sign put up with his parents’ help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbors, friends, teachers, classmates ... almost everyone they knew to sign the petition. Soon, there were hundreds of names on the petition.
Tyler also got some information about other accidents at the same corner where he had had his own accident. If he could show the city that it was a dangerous corner, they might put up a stop sign there. He hoped that this information and his petition would work.
When the petition was ready, Tyler and his parents went to a meeting of the city council (政务委员会). They brought along the petition and the other information. After a long wait, Tyler got a chance to tell what had happened to him. He told the story of the bicycle accident and explained his idea. If there were a stop sign at the corner where the accident happened, other kids would be safer. After that, Tyler read the petition out loud. Then, he handed it and the other information to the council. The city council agreed to consider the request and make a decision before their next meeting.
The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition! There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.
24. Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the corner
A. Tyler rode rather too fast. B. There was no stop sign.
C. The car ran the red light. D. The street was crowded.
25. What was the first thing Tyler did to have a stop sign put up at the corner
A. He found out about other accidents.
B. He explained his idea to his neighbors.
C. He wrote a petition for the stop sign.
D. He attended a meeting of the city council.
26. When did the city council agree to the petition
A. As soon as Tyler handed it. B. After Tyler’s parents handed it again.
C. After about a six-month wait. D. Nearly a month after Tyler handed it.
27. How would the other kids probably feel when the new stop sign was put up
A. Thankful. B. Nervous. C. Embarrassed. D. Proud.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。全文讲述了泰勒遭遇事故，并发起请愿，促使政府做出改变的故事。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car didn’t stop.（事故发生是因为拐角处没有停车标志，汽车没有停下来）”可知事故原因是没有停车标志。故选B.
25. 细节理解题。根据第二段“First, Tyler wrote a petition to have a stop sign put up with his parents’ help.（首先，泰勒在他父母的帮助下写了一份请愿书，要求设置停车标志。）”可知她做得第一件事是写请愿书。故选C。
26. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition!（下个月，泰勒和他的父母参加了市议会的另一次会议。市议会主席宣布市政府决定同意请愿书）”可知是在她提交请愿书一个月之后，议会同意了她的请求。故选D。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.（现在其他孩子骑自行车时会更安全）”可判断其他孩子对这件事感到高兴与感激。故选A。
Passage（3）
（2024·广东佛山·统考一模）75-year-old hip-hop (街舞) grandma Stephanie Walsh has gained worldwide attention with her intense dance moves and incredible energy. Better known as “Ms. Stephanie” online, Walsh has been featured on social media accounts with some videos drawing more than II million people to watch.
Walsh believes the videos gained popularity because she is 75. “It’s because I’m a senior, ”said Walsh. “You don’t usually see someone my age doing hip-hop and moving like that. ”But actually, it’s more than that. Just as her profile claims, Walsh’s videos are “inspiring the world to dance like no one is watching. ”
“Dance isn’t just your body, it’s what you’re feeling inside about the dance and it’s what comes out here in your face,” Walsh said. “What I want to put through my movement is how much fun it is and how much joy it gives you.”
From a young age, Walsh loved to dance but her family didn’t have the money for classes. When she was nearly 30, she got her daughter ballet lessons, which her daughter hated. So, she took her daughter out and started classes herself right away.
Walsh believes her lifelong passion for dance is what motivates her today. “Everybody has to have a passion in their life,” she said. “It’s like that saying, ‘A life without passion is a life half lived.’ I believe that.”
Walsh dances for fun and fitness, but also for therapy (心理治疗). She struggled through countless hardships, and she has more than enough reasons to keep her down. But they don’t. She turns to her faith, her friends and of course, dance, to shine as an inspiration to those around her.
Gilbert, one of Walsh’s followers, says she inspires him every day. “She’s a beautiful soul who teaches me that it doesn’t matter about your age or your size. As long as you feel good, that’s all that matters,” says Gilbert. “I am truly thankful that Walsh is teaching me at the age of 32 to live my life full and stop being so scared.”
24. What motivates Walsh to do hip-hop
A. Its great social benefit. B. Its growing popularity.
C. Her enthusiasm for dance. D. Her hunger for reputation.
25. What contributes to her videos’ popularity according to Walsh
A. Her advanced age. B. Her smooth moves.
C. Her endless energy. D. Her confident claim.
26. What will Walsh’s story probably inspire Gilbert to do
A. Be active in social media.
B. Set a good example to others.
C. Take full advantage of his talent.
D. Adopt a positive approach to life.
27. Which is a suitable title for the text
A. Optimistic About Life: The Way to Survive
B. Forever Young in Dance: An Inspiring Figure
C. Embracing Social Media: The Key to Success
D. Dancing with the Young: An Amazing Journey
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注，鼓舞了大家的故事。
24. 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“Walsh believes her lifelong passion for dance is what motivates her today. (沃尔什认为，她一生对舞蹈的热情是她今天的动力)”可知，她对舞蹈的热情促使她跳这种舞。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Walsh believes the videos gained popularity because she is 75. (沃尔什认为，这些视频之所以受欢迎，是因为她已经75岁了)”可知，她认为让她的视频大受欢迎的原因是她的高龄。故选A。
26. 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Gilbert, one of Walsh’s followers, says she inspires him every day. “She’s a beautiful soul who teaches me that it doesn’t matter about your age or your size. As long as you feel good, that’s all that matters, ”says Gilbert. “I am truly thankful that Walsh is teaching me at the age of 32 to live my life full and stop being so scared. ” (吉尔伯特是沃尔什的追随者之一，他说沃尔什每天都在激励他。“她是一个美丽的灵魂，她教会了我，年龄和身材都无关紧要。只要你感觉良好，那才是最重要的，”吉尔伯特说。“我真的很感激沃尔什在我32岁的时候教会我充实地生活，不要再害怕了。”)”可推知，沃尔什的故事可能会激励吉尔伯特对生活采取积极的态度，不再害怕了。故选D。
27. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“75-year-old hip-hop (街舞) grandma Stephanie Walsh has gained worldwide attention with her intense dance moves and incredible energy. Better known as “Ms. Stephanie” online, Walsh has been featured on social media accounts with some videos drawing more than II million people to watch. (75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注。沃尔什在网上更广为人知的名字是“斯蒂芬妮女士”，她在社交媒体上的一些视频吸引了200多万人观看)”可知，文章主要介绍了75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注，鼓舞了大家。由此可知，B选项“Forever Young in Dance: An Inspiring Figure (永远年轻的舞蹈：一个鼓舞人心的人物)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
Passage（4）
（2024·浙江杭州·学军中学校考模拟预测）I’m a walker, logging an average of 9000 steps a day several times a week around my neighborhood. On recent trips to Copenhagen and Stockholm, I noticed tall, fit Scandinavians (斯堪法尼亚人) walking along on city streets with poles, as if they were cross-country skiing without any snow.
It was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous, full-body exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-old looking to stay healthy while enjoying the outdoors, I decided to give it a try.
There’s plenty of help online for the new Nordic (北 欧的 ) walker: stand tall, swing your arms out as if to shake hands, and plant your poles with vigour. Then there’s the little matter of the strap (带子) on the pole. This allows the walker to grip the pole when thrusting forward and then relax that hand as the other hand pushes forward – a skill of coordination that builds stronger muscles.
For a warm-up, I started slow: Nordic walking down the hall that extends from my front door to the deck. Keeping balance wasn’t my only problem. The novel use of my arms and upper body was surprisingly demanding. After half an hour, my heart was pounding and I was sweating, but I still wasn’t much good.
Still, I carried on because there’s no arguing with the exercise’s benefits. Nordic walkers’ upper-body exercise increases their heart rate significantly more than walking without poles. And according to cardiologist Dr Aaron Baggish, with poles “you’re engaging 80 to 90 per cent of your muscles.” It also helps people with Parkinson’s, says Burrill. “We put poles in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.”
After a few clumsy days of being convinced I would never succeed, suddenly everything clicked. Not only was I able to coordinate the movements, I was aware that my heart, arms and core were getting a workout. Nordic walking is a form of exercise I expect to enjoy for years to come.
24. What inspired the writer to try Nordic walking
A. Enjoying the outdoor skiing. B. Observing Scandinavians walking.
C. Getting tired of simple walking. D. Fancying a healthy lifestyle.
25. What was the main challenge for the author during the initial stages of Nordic walking
A. Building strong muscle in the arms.
B. Using arms and upper body harmoniously.
C. Sweating with heart pounding.
D. Feeling discouraged for lack of progress.
26. What does the author want to show by mentioning people with Parkinson’s
A. The great benefits of Nordic walking. B. The wide practice of Nordic walking.
C. The urgency to promote Nordic walking. D. The promising future of Nordic walking.
27. What is the author’s intention in writing this passage
A. To persuade readers to try Nordic walking for fun.
B. To share the experience of trying a new fitness activity.
C. To emphasize the great difficulties of Nordic walking.
D. To compare Nordic walking with simple walking.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者尝试新健身活动——北欧式健走的体验以及其益处。
24. 细节理解题。由文章一段中“On recent trips to Copenhagen and Stockholm, I noticed tall, fit Scandinavians (斯堪法尼亚人) walking along on city streets with poles, as if they were cross-country skiing without any snow. (在最近的哥本哈根和斯德哥尔摩之行中，我注意到高大、健康的斯堪法尼亚人拄着杆子走在城市的街道上，就好像他们在进行没有雪的越野滑雪。)”以及第二段“It was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous, full-body exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-old looking to stay healthy while enjoying the outdoors, I decided to give it a try.(令人惊讶的是，杆的加入使它成为一种比简单步行更有力的全身运动——作为一个76岁的老人，我希望在享受户外活动的同时保持健康，我决定试一试。)”可知，观察斯堪法尼亚人拄着两根手杖行走激发了作者尝试这种新健身活动的灵感。故选B。
25. 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“The novel use of my arms and upper body was surprisingly demanding. (我的手臂和上半身的新颖运用要求很高。)”可知，在行走的最初阶段，作者面临的主要挑战是手臂与上身协调使用。故选B。
26. 推理判断题。由文章第五段中“Still, I carried on because there’s no arguing with the exercise’s benefits.(尽管如此，我还是坚持了下来，因为这种锻炼的好处是毋庸置疑的。)”以及“It also helps people with Parkinson’s, says Burrill. “We put poles in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.” (伯里尔说，它还能帮助帕金森症患者。‘我们把杆子放在他们手中，这很神奇，因为他们开始有节奏地走路了。’)”可知，作者想通过提到帕金森氏症患者来展示这种运动的巨大好处。故选A。
27. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“It was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous, full-body exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-old looking to stay healthy while enjoying the outdoors, I decided to give it a try. (我很惊讶地发现，增加杆子比单纯的步行更有活力，更能锻炼全身——作为一个76岁的人，我希望在享受户外活动的同时保持健康，所以我决定试一试。)”可知，文章主要介绍了作者尝试新健身活动的经验。故选B。
Passage（5）
（2024·河北邢台·宁晋中学校考模拟预测）During my graduate studies, countless workshops taught me one thing: To make it in science, one must design and carry out big projects. As I established my own research lab, a senior colleague encouraged me to try something big. So when I landed an associate professor position, my goal seemed obvious: I should perform big projects. This was the only way to lay a foundation for a successful academic research career. The path, however, would not be as clear as I had pictured.
When I contacted famous researchers to suggest cooperating, as is typically required for high-profile projects, they frequently replied enthusiastically to start, agreeing my project sounded interesting and promising. But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical and hesitant, ultimately saying no. And when I sought grant funding, my lack of experience and reputation was cited as a reason to deny support for my ambitious proposals.
I spent about two years being stuck in this mindset, excited about my big ideas but making little actual progress, leading to frustration and depression. As I neared my breaking point, I began to ask myself: Were big projects really the only route
When I shifted to small projects, I became brave enough to step into fields I was not familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I found creative ideas to pursue. When I discussed these adventurous, low-cost projects with early-career researchers, they were glad to cooperate. We secured funding. When I published papers out of these projects, they were not exciting enough to make headlines— but for me, it was a moment of joy and self-contentment.
It has now been 3 years since I embraced this “small” approach. Sometimes senior colleagues say I’m wasting time with projects that aren’t important enough. But I disagree. When I do these studies, I also find clues for future big projects. Going forward, I will still commit part of my time to exploring small projects, which I think can help pursue more fundamental questions.
24. What is the author trying to do with big projects
A. Pursue his graduate studies.
B. Seek a route to academic success.
C. Apply for an associate professorship.
D. Establish an academic research center.
25. What prevented the author pursuing his big project
A. Lack of necessary support. B. The toughness of work
C. Shortage of academic talents. D. The opposition from colleagues.
26. How did the author carry out his small project
A. By publishing influential papers.
B. By getting young colleagues’ funding.
C. By exploring and initiating new ideas.
D. By cooperating with senior colleagues.
27. What does the author learn from his experience
A. Good jobs require a high degree.
B. Ambition isn’t fit for the young.
C. Success results from preparation.
D. Small doesn’t mean unimportant.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文文。讲述了作者本想通过大项目当作寻求学术成功的途径，但是由于缺乏经验和声誉没能成功。 后来作者转向小项目，找到了可以追求的创造性想法，逐步走向成功。 由此作者感悟到在创业过程中小项目不代表不重要，而且有助于解决更基本的问题。
24. 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“This was the only way to lay a foundation for a successful academic research career. (这是为成功的学术研究生涯奠定基础的唯一途径。)”可知，作者想用大项目当作寻求学术成功的途径。故选B。
25. 细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical and hesitant, ultimately saying no. And when I sought grant funding, my lack of experience and reputation was cited as a reason to deny support for my ambitious proposals. (但当他们得知我刚刚建立了实验室时，他们开始怀疑和犹豫，最终拒绝了。当我寻求拨款时，我缺乏经验和声誉被认为是拒绝支持我雄心勃勃的提议的原因。)”可知，缺乏必要的支持阻止了作者追求他的大项目。故选A。
26. 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“When I shifted to small projects, I became brave enough to step into fields I was not familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I found creative ideas to pursue. (当我转向小项目时，我变得足够勇敢，踏入了我不熟悉的领域。通过阅读新领域的论文，我找到了可以追求的创造性想法。)”可知，作者通过探索和提出新的想法进行他的小项目的。故选C。
27. 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Going forward, I will still commit part of my time to exploring small projects, which I think can help pursue more fundamental questions (展望未来，我仍将把部分时间用于探索小项目，我认为这有助于解决更基本的问题)”可知，作者从他的经历中学到小不代表不重要。故选D。
Passage（6）
（2024·湖北黄冈·统考一模）Three years into my postdoc (博士后), I started to wonder whether I needed a new career plan. After applying for more than two dozen teaching jobs, I hadn’t landed a single interview.
I had once considered going to art school but had put that idea to the side when I decided to pursue chemistry as an undergraduate. In the years that followed, I kept up my interest in art by taking painting classes at night. My family was bursting with mathematicians, computer programmers, and engineers, so it felt natural to have my daily life center around science.
But in the spring after my failed job search, that started to change after a friend excitedly showed me proofs of a review article. She was astonished by what the journal’s scientific illustrator had done with her fundamental sketches (速写). “That would be such a fun job.” I thought.
I decided to test out a new career direction by volunteering to create similar illustrations for my institute’s newsletters. I spent my nights and weekends reading scientific papers and thinking about how to illustrate the results. It was a fun task. I felt I was perhaps on the right path. But could I make a full-time career work
Searching online, I tracked down people who had that kind of job. I found many had training through scientific illustration master’s degree programs. After living on graduate student and postdoctoral salaries for years, I didn’t have enough money saved up for the programs, so I decided to get a certificate in digital design.
I now work as a visual designer at a biomedical research institute where I spend my days working with research to communicate their work visually. I love the fact that I get to combine my scientific and artistic sides.
24. Why did the author attend classes at night
A. To please her family. B. To pursue her hobby.
C. To pass her undergraduate tests. D. To complete optional courses in art.
25. What effect did the proofs have on the author
A. They shook her belief in science.
B. They tested out what she learned in class.
C. They motivated her to find a new career direction.
D. They gave her inspiration for her scientific paper.
26. What prevented the author seeking a scientific illustration master’s degree
A. Her financial difficulties. B. Her busy schedule.
C. Her new interest in digital design. D. Her lack of confidence.
27. How does the author feel about her current job
A. Pressured. B. Curious. C. Desperate. D. Satisfied.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的职业之旅，受家庭的熏陶，作者接受了科学的训练，获得了博士后学位。同时也在追求科学的基础上实现了自己对于艺术的追求，找到了理想的职业。
24. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the years that followed, I kept up my interest in art by taking painting classes at night.(在接下来的几年里，我通过晚上上绘画课来保持对艺术的兴趣)”可知，作者上夜校是为了追求自己的业余爱好。故选B项。
25. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But in the spring after my failed job search, that started to change after a friend excitedly showed me proofs of a review article. She was astonished by what the journal’s scientific illustrator had done with her fundamental sketches. “That would be such a fun job.” I thought.(但在我求职失败后的春天，一位朋友兴奋地给我看了一篇书评的校样后，情况开始改变。她对该杂志的科学插画家对她的基本草图所做的一切感到惊讶。“那将是一份非常有趣的工作。”我想)”可知，这些校样激励她寻找新的职业方向。故选C项。
26. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“I found many had training through scientific illustration master’s degree programs. After living on graduate student and postdoctoral salaries for years, I didn’t have enough money saved up for the programs, so I decided to get a certificate in digital design.(我发现很多人都是通过科学插图硕士学位课程接受培训的。多年来，我一直靠研究生和博士后的工资生活，但没有足够的钱用于这些项目，所以我决定获得数字设计证书)”可知，由于经济困难，作者无法攻读科学插图硕士学位。故选A项。
27. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I love the fact that I get to combine my scientific and artistic sides.(我喜欢这样一个事实，我可以把我的科学和艺术的一面结合起来)”可推知，作者对目前的工作很满意。故选D项。
Passage（7）
（2024·江苏·校联考二模）It’s 1:30 am in Kenya’s populated north, and 50 people are lying on their backs on the shore of a dried-up river, staring up at the night sky. These stargazers have travelled 250 miles to Samburu to witness the Perseid meteor shower(英仙座流星雨). They are not disappointed: Every few minutes, arrows of light shoot across the sky like silent fireworks.
The Star Safari is organised by a Kenyan astronomer, Susan Murabana, who has brought a 50 kg,170 cm-long telescope to allow the group to view Mars and deep-sky objects. But here in Samburu, where light pollution is minimal, the Perseid meteors—visible with the naked eye (裸眼)—steal the show.
Every two months, Murabana and her husband load their telescope on to the roof of their 4×4 and set off to rural communities, where they give up to 300 children a chance to view the planets and learn about constellations (星座) and the basics of astrophysics. They primarily targets schools in remote areas because of her mission to give girls an opportunity that she wishes had been available to her.
“When I started this work, I didn’t see people who looked like me. I was a lone ranger and I wanted to change that.” says Murabana.
“There is a common misconception in Kenya that astronomy in general is hard, boring, and only for boys,” she adds. “I’d like to teach young girls that astronomy is neither of these things and that they, too, can become astronomers,” says Murabana.
Murabana’s passion for astronomy began in her early 20s when her uncle invited her to join a similar outreach session organized by the Cosmos Education. “That was a gamechanger. If an outreach group had come to me when I was a young teenager, my attitude towards a career in astronomy would have been positive. I ended up studying sociology and economics, but maybe I would have desired to be an astronomer,” she says.
Inspired by the Cosmos Education, Murabana completed an online master’s degree in astronomy with the James Cook University in 201l and set up her own outreach programme. She looked to Dr Mae Jemison, the first black woman in space, as a role model. “I hope that one day, through this work, I will spark a chain reaction that leads to the first African woman in space.”
24. What do the underlined words “steal the show” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Ruin the effort. B. Face the challenge.
C. Attract more attention. D. Keep the promise.
25. Why does Murabana target girl students in remote areas
A. To help them out of poverty. B. To inspire their love of astronomy.
C. To look for assistants for her work. D. To give them an edge over boys in studies.
26. What can we learn about Murabana from paragraph 6
A. She enjoyed playing games.
B. She longed to be an astronomer.
C. She is an initiator of Cosmos Education.
D. She regretted not taking astronomy earlier.
27. What’s the passage mainly about
A. The birth of a Kenyan woman astronomer.
B. The prejudice against girls in rural Kenyan.
C. The Kenyan astronomer bringing astronomy to the people.
D. The Kenyan stargazers watching the Perseid meteors shower.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C
【导语】本篇是记叙文。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana致力于普及天文知识的情况。
24. 词义猜测题。根据前文“The Star Safari is organised by a Kenyan astronomer, Susan Murabana, who has brought a 50 kg,170 cm-long telescope to allow the group to view Mars and deep-sky objects. But here in Samburu, where light pollution is minimal, the Perseid meteors—visible with the naked eye(裸眼) (星际旅行由肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana组织，她带来了一个50公斤，170厘米长的望远镜，让这个团队可以观察火星和深空天体。但是在这里的桑布鲁，光污染最小，英仙座流星——肉眼可见)”可知，以前是这架望远镜让大家观察天体，而这次因为污染少流星雨用裸眼可以看见从而抢了望远镜的风头，因此划线部分的意思是“吸引了更多注意力”。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段“They primarily targets schools in remote areas because of her mission to give girls an opportunity that she wishes had been available to her. (他们主要针对偏远地区的学校，因为她的使命是给女孩们一个她希望能得到的机会。)”和第五段““There is a common misconception in Kenya that astronomy in general is hard, boring, and only for boys,” she adds. “I’d like to teach young girls that astronomy is neither of these things and that they, too, can become astronomers,” says Murabana.(她补充说:“在肯尼亚有一种普遍的误解，认为天文学总体上是困难、无聊的，而且只适合男孩。”Murabana说:“我想告诉年轻女孩，天文学不是这两种东西，她们也可以成为天文学家。”)”可知，Murabana主要针对偏远地区的孩子尤其是女孩，为了激发她们对天文学的热爱。故选B。
26. 推理判断题。根据第六段“If an outreach group had come to me when I was a young teenager.my attitude towards a career in astronomy would have been positive. I ended up studying sociology and economics, but maybe I would have desired to be an astronomer (如果在我十几岁的时候有一个外展小组来找我，我对天文学事业的态度会是积极的。我最终学习了社会学和经济学，但也许我想成为一名天文学家)”推知，Murabana后悔没有早点学天文学。故选D。
27. 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“Every two months, Murabana and her husband load their telescope on to the roof of their4×4 and set off to rural communities, where they give up to 300 children a chance to view the planets and learn about constellations (星座) and the basics of astrophysics. (每两个月，Murabana和她的丈夫将他们的望远镜装在他们4×4的屋顶上，出发去农村社区，在那里他们给多达300个孩子一个观察行星和了解星座的机会(星座)和天体物理学的基础知识)”可知，本文主要介绍了致力于把天文学带给人民的肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana的故事。故选C。
Passage（8）
（2024·广东·统考二模）It was two in the morning, and a koala was caught on a fence. A phone rang in the home of Ken, who was a volunteer devoted to rescuing wild koalas in Queensland. When he arrived on the scene, Ken put on heavy gloves. If koalas feel threatened, they bite. He then threw a blanket over the animal for more protection from being bitten. He then firmly grasped the koala through the blanket, and dropped it in a cage.
Normally, if the koala is healthy, it is released where it is found. Koalas tend to eat from the same eucalyptus trees (桉树) over and over. But, the problem was that there were no eucalyptus trees left for this koala. Ken had to take it to a small park nearby. Food is one of the reasons why koalas are at risk.
For 15 years, Ken has also been working on ways to make suburban areas more koala-friendly. He believes that koalas and humans can live together if certain changes are made. He recommends reducing speed limits in streets, creating more green areas for koalas to live in. What’s even more important is the need to preserve eucalyptus trees.
Even if these changes are made, koalas still have another problem. “Disease is a huge issue,” explains Ken. He says that almost half of Queensland’s female koalas are affected by a strange disease. “Without treatment, the koalas are unable to have babies. Koalas are becoming extinct,” says Ken.
Later that day, Ken visited a forest near Queensland to catch Tea, a wild female koala. Ken had been following Tea for over a year. Using special equipment, Ken walked and listened for a signal from the koala’s radio collar. He eventually found Tea sitting on a tree branch. Ken climbed up a ladder and caught Tea. After some medical check-ups, Ken found she had a baby. “As long as there are healthy babies,” he said, “there’s still hope.”
24. What did Ken use the blanket for
A. Catching the koala after it fell from a fence. B. Covering the koala so that it didn’t harm him.
C. Keeping the koala warm after it was caught. D. Helping the koala stay calm in the cage.
25. Why was the koala that Ken caught released in a nearby park
A. The koala was in a good physical condition.
B. Koalas were fed in the same trees again and again.
C. It was the only place nearby that had eucalyptus trees.
D. That was where the koala probably had its own baby.
26. What did Ken want to do with Tea
A. To see if she had a baby. B. To put a radio collar on her.
C. To keep her in a cage. D. To give her medicine.
27. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear
A. Entertainment. B. Health.
C. People and Animals. D. Politics.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ken救助考拉的故事。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If koalas feel threatened, they bite. He then threw a blanket over the animal for more protection from being bitten. (如果考拉感到受到威胁，它们就会咬人。然后，他在考拉身上盖了一条毯子，以防被咬)”可知，Ken用毯子把考拉盖起来，这样考拉就不会伤害到他。故选B。
25. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Koalas tend to eat from the same eucalyptus trees (桉树) over and over. But, the problem was that there were no eucalyptus trees left for this koala. Ken had to take it to a small park nearby. (考拉喜欢一遍又一遍地吃同一棵桉树上的东西。但是，问题是没有桉树留给这种考拉。Ken不得不把它带到附近的一个小公园)”可知，Ken捕获的考拉被放生在附近的公园里是因为那是附近唯一有桉树的地方。 故选C。
26. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Without treatment, the koalas are unable to have babies. Koalas are becoming extinct,” says Ken.(“如果不进行治疗，考拉就无法生育。考拉正在灭绝，”Ken说)”和最后一段中“Ken climbed up a ladder and caught Tea. After some medical check-ups, Ken found she had a baby.(Ken爬上梯子，抓住了Tea。经过一些医疗检查，Ken发现她有了一个孩子)”可推知，Ken想给Tea吃药治疗。故选D。
27. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ken救助考拉的故事，这是人与动物的故事。由此推知，本文可能出现在报纸的人与动物专栏。故选C。
(
刷真题
)
Passage（1）
（2023年新高考II卷）Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
24. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings.
25. What are the selected artworks about
A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure.
26. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Understand. B. Paint.
C. Seize. D. Transform.
27. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是对一本书的介绍，主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
24. 推理判断题。In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. (在这本“书之书”中，艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系)”以及第三段“Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect, wealth or faith of the subject. (书籍本身可以在绘画中象征性地用来展示智慧，主体的财富或信仰)”和最后一段“From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. (从21世纪的角度来看，这本印刷书无疑是古老的，但它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”可推知，本文最有可能出自一本印刷书的扉页，即对该书的介绍。故选A。
25. 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
26. 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
27. 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader (它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity (印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离线”活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
Passage（2）
（2022年新高考II卷）We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
25. Why did the kid poke the storybook
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
26. What does the author think of himself
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
【答案】24.B 25. A 26. D 27. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
24. 词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
25. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
26. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。
27. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
Passage（3）
（2021年新高考I卷）By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage
A. Boring. B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，因为Titterton识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。
25. 推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧，所以Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
26. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要练习识别钢琴演奏者的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。
27. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。
Passage（4）
（2021年新高考II卷）I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
24. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
25. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
27. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
【答案】24. A 25. A 26. B 27. B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，
