山东省烟台市莱州市2023-2024学年七年级上学期期末 英语试题（含解析）

2023—2024学年度第一学期期末学业水平测试
初二英语试题
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
5.在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。
第一部分 阅读理解（共30分，每小题1.5分。）
A
How do you make friends Some students are sharing their ideas with us .
Tom Although we are quite different , Adam and I have been close friends for 5 years . We have a lot to talk. We have a lot to talk . We play basketball together after school. We go for a picnic at weekends . It’s always a pleasure to be with him . Yumi I spend my spare time mostly with people from other countries . When I’m with them , I really get to know what they’re like and how easy they are to get along with . they help me to improve my Engliash .
Anna I’ve made some good friends at the gym I go to . People there are very friendly . Talking to them as I take exercise is a good way for us to get to know each other. Peter I can make more friends on the Internet because it keeps me in touch with the whole world . I can get worldwide stories from my friends all over the world.
1．Adam is ________friend.
A．Tom’s B．Yumi’s C．Anna’s D．Peter’s
2．With the help of her friends , Yumi________.
A．takes more exercise B．learns English better
C．feels happier at picnics D．knows more about the world
3．What helps Peter make more friends
A．The story . B．The sport. C．The Internet D．The language.
4．Anna made her friends__________.
A．on the Internet B．in a park
C．on the street D．at the gym
5．Which of the following is right
A．Tom and Adam play football together after school .
B．Yumi’s English is very good .
C．Anna thinks the people at the gym are friendly .
D．Peter’s friends are from China.
B
Crocodile
Lifespan: 80—100 years Weight (重量): 500 kg Length (长度): 3.5 meters Population (数量): 300,000 What it is like: fast, not friendly, a good swimmer
Elephant
Lifespan: 60—70 years Weight: 7,000 kg Length: 7.5 meters Population: 700,000 What it is like: slow, smart, friendly, with a good memory (记忆力)
Lion
Lifespan: 10—20 years Weight: 200 kg Length: 3 meters Population: 21,000 What it is like: fast, strong, a good hunter (猎兽)
6．The word “lifespan” means ________ in Chinese.
A．历史 B．日历 C．寿命 D．公元
7．Which has the largest population of the three
A．The crocodile. B．The lion. C．The elephant. D．The monkey.
8．The crocodile is ________ than the lion.
A．heavier B．taller C．a better hunter D．a better runner
9．The lion is the ________ of the three.
A．heaviest B．largest C．oldest D．smallest
10．Which of the following is True
A．The crocodile is more friendly than the elephant. B．The elephant is slower than the crocodile.
C．The lion has a better memory than the elephant. D．The lion is smarter than the elephant.
C
Do you like having milk Do you like reading books If you do, you can have the “milk book”. It’s a new book in Slovenia.
There is a story on the box of milk, so people call it “milk book”. Bostjan Gorenc — Pizama writes the stories for the milk books. People like to play games on computers and phones. They spend less time reading. The stories help parents have the habit of reading bedtime stories to their children. They want to help people read _______ in this way.
A cup of milk and a bedtime story can help people have a good sleep. Many families buy the books in Slovenia now. They can get fun from the books.
11．The Underlined (划线的) word “do” refers to (指代) ________.
A．have milk B．read books C．play games D．have milk and read books
12．Why is it called “milk book”
A．Because people need milk and book. B．Because there’s a story on the box of milk.
C．Because the book is full of milk. D．Because people like books and milk.
13．What can you fill in the blank (填空) ________
A．more B．less C．fewer D．more slowly
14．What are the underlined books
A．Picture books. B．Milk books. C．Computer books. D．Game books.
15．What is the best title (标题)
A．Do You Like Milk B．Do You Like Reading
C．Do You Know “Milk Book” D．Do You Know Slovenia
D
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Many students get ill easily in winter. 16 What can we do to keep ourselves healthy Here are some tips (小建议).
Enough healthy food. 17 Some students don’t like to eat breakfast. They make a big mistake (错误). Breakfast is the most important meal in a day. If you want to be healthy, you should eat less junk food. Vegetables and fruit are delicious and they are healthy. We’d better drink 500 ml milk every day.
18 Doing exercise is another way to keep you healthy. So you should do some sports after class. Doing sports can make you strong. You’ll have a fine figure (身材) if you do enough exercise.
Enough smiles. Smile is the best way to make you healthy. Try to find the things that make you laugh and you’ll be happy every day. You should be optimistic (乐观) about life. 19 .
Enough time of rest. Don’t stay up! Students usually go to bed at 10 o’clock. 20 There’s a famous saying, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy, wealthy (财富) and wise (智慧).” It tells us enough time of rest is important.
A．They have to go to the hospital and may miss a lot of classes.
B．Remember smiles are the best medicine to cure your illness.
C．If you want to have a good grade, you must have a good rest.
D．Lunch is very important in a day.
E．Enough exercise.
F．Having good eating habits is really important.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10分，每小题1分）
请根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出最佳答案。
In Australia, different people have different ways to enjoy themselves. They also have their own ideas about 21 to pass time.
Most children work hard in school 22 they have to take lots of exams. After school, they don’t want to stay at home reading books anymore. 23 , they put their schoolbags aside and go out to play.
Some old people 24 early in the morning. Then they go to park to 25 . It helps them know what is happening around the world. In the evening, they would prefer to stay at home 26 rather than do anything else.
Young people enjoy having 27 trip on weekends. They go to mountains to have a picnic or go to the 28 to camp. They usually start on Friday and spend one or two days outside. Then on 29 evening, they start their way back home. 30 seems to be in a hurry although a busy week is waiting for them again.
21．A．what B．how C．when D．why
22．A．so B．because C．until D．although
23．A．However B．Though C．Instead D．Or
24．A．get up B．come up C．stay up D．set up
25．A．read newspapers B．do sports C．enjoy themselves D．have breakfast
26．A．climbing hills B．watching TV C．go shopping D．going hiking
27．A．boring B．busy C．tiring D．relaxing
28．A．forest B．floor C．flat D．factory
29．A．Friday B．Sunday C．Tuesday D．Wednesday
30．A．Anybody B．Somebody C．Everybody D．Nobody
第二节 语法填空（共10分，每小题1分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in the world. He was born in 1942. He was 31 excellent student at Oxford University. He 32 (study) math and science.
When Hawking was 21 years old, he 33 (get) a bad illness called ASL (肌肉萎缩症). Usually people with ASL do not live long, but Hawking 34 (surprise) doctors. He lived with the illness for more than 50 years.
Hawking lived most of 35 (he) life in a wheelchair and spoke with the help of a computer, 36 that didn’t stop him from doing scientific (科学的) work.
In 1988, Hawking wrote his 37 (one) important book A Brief History of Time. Later he wrote many famous science 38 (book).
Hawking died 39 Wednesday, March 14, 2018. He was 76 years old. He 40 (leave) behind great scientific works. It will live on for many years.
第三节 单词拼写（共5分，每小题1分）
请根据句意和中文提示，写出句子中的单词。
41．He is one of the most famous (魔术师) in the world.
42．I often go to the (剧场) to watch shows with my parents.
43．Don't (触摸) anything in the museum.
44．There are many tall ( build) in the big city.
45．We were all (surprise) to see Mr. White in the office.
第四节 完成句子（共5分，每小题1分）
请根据所给汉语，将下列句子补充完整。
46．Tom喜欢在公园里照相。
Tom likes in the park.
47．她的围巾颜色与我的相似。
Her scarf is mine in color.
48．Jeff帮我激发出自己的所能。
Jeff helps to the best in me.
49．“我们明天要去露营吗？”“这由你决定。”
— Shall we go camping tomorrow
— It’ s you.
50．我只是开玩笑，但是他却认真了。
I just joked, but he it .
第三部分 书面表达（共30分）
第一节 阅读表达（共10分，每小题2分）
Dustin Vitale was a middle school teacher from the US. His mom had cancer (癌症) two years ago. She dreamed of visiting the pyramids (金字塔) in Egypt (埃及) with her family.
Dustin wanted to make her dream come true. And he decided to bring all of his family members along with them. But it was difficult for him to get enough money for the trip. Then he got an idea. He could sell sandwiches (三明治) to make money.
Dustin’s mom taught him how to make sandwiches at home. At first, Dustin sold sandwiches to his friends. Later, more and more people bought sandwiches from him. And a kind man gave him a dining car. In this way, Dustin could sell his sandwiches anywhere.
After six weeks, Dustin got enough money. He wasn’t surprised. Because of his love for his mom, he knew he could do anything.
请根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
51．When did Dustin’s mother have cancer
52．How did Dustin make money for the trip
53．What did Dustin get from the kind man
54．How long did it take Dustin to get enough money
55．Why could Dustin make his mother’s dream come true
第二节 写作（共20分）
56．请根据提示，以“The best places in our city”为题写一篇英语短文，简单介绍一下你所在的城市中最棒的几个地方。
Place Why they’re the best
No. 1 Middle School teachers, schoolyard (校园)…
Xinhua Store quality, price…
People’s Hospital service…
要求：
1.包含所有内容，可适当发挥。
2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。
3.不少于80词。
The best places in our city
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C
【分析】主旨大意:本文介绍了几个人的交友方法.，Tom经常与朋友一起打篮球。Anna喜欢与去体育馆的人交朋友。Yumi花费大部分的时间与其他国家的人交朋友,在他们的帮助下她的英语得到了提高.Peter通过网络交到了更多的朋友，而且他从世界各地的朋友那儿收到了许多有趣的故事。
1．根据文中“ Adam and I have been close friends for 5 years”可知,Adam是Tom的朋友。故选A。
2．根据文中“They help me to improve my English”可知，Yumi在朋友的帮助下学习英语。故选B。
3．根据文中“I can make more friends on the Internet because it keeps me in touch with the whole world”可知，Peter通过网络交到了更多的朋友.故选C。
4．根据文中“I’ve made some good friends at the gym "可知,Anna喜欢与去体育馆的人交朋友。故选D。
5．根据第一个表格可知,Tom和Adam放学之后一起打篮球，A项错误。根据“They help me to improve my English”可知，B项错误。根据“People there are very friendly”可知，C项正确。根据文中“I can make more friend on the Internet because it keeps me in touch with the whole world”可知，Peter的朋友来自世界各地,D项错误。故选C。
【点睛】（一）主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
（二）细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
（三）推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。例如：5. Which of the following is right？根据第一个表格可知,Tom和Adam放学之后一起打篮球，A项Tom and Adam play football together after school汤姆和亚当放学后一起踢足球。错误。根据“They help me to improve my English”可知，B项Yumi’s English is very good由美的英语很好，错误。根据“People there are very friendly”可知，C项Anna thinks the people at the gym are friendly安娜认为健身房里的人都很友好。正确。根据文中“I can make more friend on the Internet because it keeps me in touch with the whole world”可知，Peter的朋友来自世界各地,D项错误。
6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鳄鱼、大象和狮子的生理特征和基本信息。
6．词义猜测题。根据“Lifespan: 80—100 years”和常识可知，lifespan表示寿命，每个动物寿命不同，比如狮子的寿命大致在10-20年这个范围。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据三行中的Population（数量）显示，比较可知，大象的数量最多，为70万。故选C。
8．细节理解题。对比鳄鱼和狮子的信息，根据“Weight: 500 kg”和“Weight: 200 kg”可知，鳄鱼比狮子重。故选A。
9．推理判断题。对比三者的信息，发现狮子在体重和长度方面都比另外两个动物小，说明狮子是三者中最小的。故选D。
10．细节理解题。对比三者的信息，可知鳄鱼速度很快，大象很慢。故选B。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要叙述了“牛奶书”的来历以及它的作用。
11．词句指代题。分析“Do you like having milk Do you like reading books If you do, you can have the ‘milk book’.”可知，你喜欢喝牛奶吗？你喜欢读书吗？如果你喜欢，你可以有“牛奶书”。此处do指的是喜欢喝牛奶和喜欢读书，故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据“There is a story on the box of milk, so people call it ‘milk book’.”可知，牛奶的盒子上有一个故事，所以人们叫它“牛奶书”。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据“The stories help parents have the habit of reading bedtime stories to their children. They want to help people read _______ in this way.”可知，这些故事有助于父母养成睡前给孩子读故事的习惯，所以他们想通过这种方式帮助人们更多地去阅读，故选A。
14．词句猜测题。根据“Many families buy the books in Slovenia now. They can get fun from the books.”可知，现在斯洛文尼亚有很多家庭购买这些书，他们可以从书中得到乐趣。此处books指的是前文提到的“牛奶书”，故选B。
15．最佳标题题。本文主要叙述了“牛奶书”的来历以及它的作用，选项C“你知道‘牛奶书’吗？”符合主题，故选C。
16．A 17．F 18．E 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文主要介绍保持健康的几条建议。
16．根据“Many students get ill easily in winter.”可知，许多学生在冬天很容易生病，因此可能会因为去医院错过课程，选项A“他们必须去医院，可能会错过很多课程。”符合语境，故选A。
17．根据“Enough healthy food.”可知，此处建议吃健康的食物，选项F“拥有良好的饮食习惯非常重要。”符合语境，故选F。
18．根据“Doing exercise is another way to keep you healthy.”可知，此处建议锻炼，选项E“足够的锻炼。”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据“Enough smiles.”可知，本段建议要微笑，选项B“记住，微笑是治愈疾病的良药。”符合语境，故选B。
20．根据“Enough time of rest.”可知，本段建议好好休息，选项C“如果你想取得好成绩，你必须好好休息。”符合语境，故选C。
21．B 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚不同年龄阶段的人们的日常生活情况。
21．句意：他们对于如何打发时间也有自己的想法。
what什么；how如何；when何时；why为什么。根据“They also have their own ideas about...to pass time.”可知，对于如何打发时间也有自己的想法。故选B。
22．句意：大多数孩子在学校学习很努力，因为他们要参加很多考试。
so因此；because因为；until直到；although虽然。“they have to take lots of exams”是“Most children work hard in school”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
23．句意：相反，他们把书包放在一边，出去玩。
However然而；Though虽然；Instead而不是；Or或者。根据“After school, they don’t want to stay at home reading books anymore. ..., they put their schoolbags aside and go out to play.”可知，他们不想再待在家里看书，而是出去玩。故选C。
24．句意：一些老人早上起得很早。
get up起床；come up接近；stay up熬夜；set up设立。根据“Some old people...early in the morning.”可知，一些老人早上起得很早。故选A。
25．句意：然后他们去公园看报纸。
read newspapers读报纸；do sports做运动；enjoy themselves玩得开心；have breakfast吃早饭。根据“It helps them know what is happening around the world.”可知，应该是报纸帮助他们了解世界各地正在发生的事情。故选A。
26．句意：在晚上，他们宁愿待在家里看电视而不做任何其他事情。
climbing hills爬山；watching TV看电视；go shopping去购物；going hiking去远足。根据“In the evening, they would prefer to stay at home...rather than do anything else.”可知，晚上在家做的事应该是看电视，故选B。
27．句意：年轻人喜欢在周末进行轻松的旅行。
boring无聊的；busy忙碌的；tiring累人的；relaxing令人放松的。根据“Young people enjoy having...trip on weekends.”可知，周末应该是享受轻松的旅行，故选D。
28．句意：他们去山上野餐或去森林露营。
forest森林；floor地板；flat公寓；factory农场。根据“They go to mountains to have a picnic or go to the...to camp.”可知，去山上野餐或去森林露营。故选A。
29．句意：然后在星期天晚上，他们开始回家。
Friday周五；Sunday周日；Tuesday周二；Wednesday周三。根据“They usually start on Friday and spend one or two days outside. Then on...evening, they start their way back home.”可知，周五出发，周日晚上回家，故选B。
30．句意：虽然忙碌的一周又在等着他们，但似乎没有人着急。
Anybody任何人；Somebody某人；Everybody每个人；Nobody无人。根据“...seems to be in a hurry although a busy week is waiting for them again.”可知，虽然忙碌的一周又在等着他们，但似乎没有人着急。故选D。
31．an 32．studied 33．got 34．surprised 35．his 36．but 37．first 38．books 39．on 40．left
【导语】本文介绍了著名的科学家霍金的生平。
31．句意：他是牛津大学一名优秀的学生。根据“excellent student”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的学生，且excellent是元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。故填an。
32．句意：他学习数学和科学。本文主体时态是一般过去时，空处用过去式studied。故填studied。
33．句意：当霍金21岁的时候，他得了一种叫做肌肉萎缩症的糟糕的病。根据“When Hawking was 21 years old”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式got。故填got。
34．句意：通常患有肌肉萎缩症的人都活不长，但霍金却让医生们大吃一惊。本文主体时态是一般过去时，因此空处用过去式surprised。故填surprised。
35．句意：霍金一生中大部分时间都坐在轮椅上，靠电脑说话，但这并没有阻止他从事科学的工作。此处修饰名词life，用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
36．句意：霍金一生中大部分时间都坐在轮椅上，靠电脑说话，但这并没有阻止他从事科学的工作。空前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
37．句意：1988年，霍金写了他的第一本重要著作《时间简史》。此处是指他的第一本书，用序数词表示顺序。故填first。
38．句意：后来他写了许多著名的科学书籍。many后跟名词的复数形式。故填books。
39．句意：霍金于2018年3月14日星期三去世。根据“Wednesday, March 14, 2018”可知，此处是具体的某一天，时间介词用on。故填on。
40．句意：他留下了伟大的科学著作。本文主体时态是一般过去时，因此空处用过去式left。故填left。
41．magicians
【详解】句意：他是世界上最著名的魔术师之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 + 范围”表示“在某范围内最……之一”，横线处应使用复数形式。故填magicians。
42．theater
【详解】句意：我经常和父母一起去剧院看演出。theater“剧场”，空前有the修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填theater。
43．touch
【详解】句意：在博物馆不要触摸任何东西。“触摸”是动词touch，而句子是“Don't”开头的祈使句，所以此处应用动词原形，故填touch。
44．buildings
【详解】句意：那个大城市里有很多高高的建筑。根据“many”可知，使用可数名词的复数形式，“build”是动词，变成名词building，复数形式buildings。故填buildings。
45．surprised
【详解】句意：看到怀特先生在办公室我们都很惊讶。surprise惊讶，动词。分析句子可知，本句缺表语应用形容词，主语是人，用ed结尾的形容词修饰。故填surprised。
46． taking photos
【详解】根据题干可知，需要填空的是“照相”，译为“take photos”；根据like doing sth.可知，应该使用taking。故填taking；photos。
47． similar to
【详解】此处缺少“与……相似”的翻译，be similar to“与……相似”，固定短语，故填similar；to。
48． bring out
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“激发”，其英文表达是动词短语bring out，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填bring；out。
49． up to
【详解】根据语境可知，时态为一般现在时，表示“由某人决定”可用固定搭配be up to sb.。故填up to。
50． took seriously
【详解】根据中英文对照分析，空处是take sth seriously“认真对待某事”，根据“joked”可知，时态是一般过去时，因此动词用过去式took。故填took；seriously。
51．Dustin’s mother had cancer two year ago. 52．He made money for the trip by selling sandwiches. 53．Dustin got a dining car from the kind man. 54．It took Dustin six weeks to get enough money. 55．Because of Dustin’s love for his mother.
【导语】本文主要介绍Dusin为了完成身患癌症的妈妈的梦想，通过卖三明治凑够了一家人去埃及看金字塔的钱。
51．根据“His mom had cancer (癌症) two years ago.”可知他的妈妈两年前得了癌症，故填Dustin’s mother had cancer two year ago.
52．根据“He could sell sandwiches (三明治) to make money.”可知他通过卖三明治来赚钱，故填He made money for the trip by selling sandwiches.
53．根据“And a kind man gave him a dining car.”可知一个好人给了他一辆餐车，故填Dustin got a dining car from the kind man.
54．根据“After six weeks, Dustin got enough money.”可知Dustin花了六周时间得到了足够的钱，故填It took Dustin six weeks to get enough money.
55．根据“Because of his love for his mom, he knew he could do anything.”可知Dustin对妈妈的爱使他让妈妈梦想成真，故填Because of Dustin’s love for his mother.
56．例文
The best places in our city
There are quite a few great places in our city. Let me introduce the best ones to you.
No. 1 Middle School is the best of all schools. It has the best teachers and the most beautiful schoolyard. Almost all students in our city want to study there. If you want to go shopping, Xinhua Store is the best choice. Everything at the store is cheap and of good quality. As for hospitals, People’s Hospital is a lot better than the others. Its service is the best. The doctors and nurses are kind to everybody.
Welcome to our city!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据所给表格内容介绍自己所在城市中的几个好地方，注意不要遗漏要点，保证语句通顺，避免语法错误。
[写作步骤]
第一步，直入主题，表明写作目的。
第二步，从学校、商店、医院三个地方来具体介绍，并给出理由；
第三步，书写结尾。
[亮点词汇]
①introduce sth to sb给某人介绍某物
②go shopping购物
③as for关于
④be kind to对……友好
[高分句型]
①There are quite a few great places in our city. （There be句型）
②If you want to go shopping, Xinhua Store is the best choice.（if引导的条件状语从句）