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第一学时 Reading and Comprehension
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Dragon，a symbol of Chinese nation
There is no doubt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.And it's not amazing that people can see modern paintings，sculptures and designings in public places in our daily life. It's said that in ancient China emperors showed great respect for dragons and they regarded themselves as dragons, yellow powerful animals，which was a symbol of the Chinese nation.
That's why most of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the royal buildings like the Forbidden city, have yellow roofs.Even more amazing the emperors，the sons of Heaven had dragons carved on the stones of these grand buildings.
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Task 1
仔细阅读课文“A Short History of Western Painting”， 根据课文内容选出最佳选项。21教育网
1．At first most peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple hated the Impressionists' style of painting, because ________．www.21-cn-jy.com
A．their paintings were very abstract
B．their paintings were very realistic
C．they broke away from the traditional style of painting
D．their paintings were very ridiculous
答案：C
2．In the Renaissance, painters ________.
A．painted religious scenes in a more realistic style
B．focused more on religion than on humans
C．began to paint outdoors
D．returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art
答案：D
3．________ discovered how to make paintings look more real by using perspective.2·1·c·n·j·y
A．Giotto di Bondone B．Masaccio
C．Claude Monet D．Pablo Picasso
答案：B
4．What does the text mainly tell us
A．How religious paintings developed.
B．How oil paintings developed.
C．How Impressionists' paintings developed.
D．How Western art developed.
答案：D
Task 2
再次阅读“A Short History of Western Painting”，完成下列表格。
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答案：1．aim 2.typical 3.adopted 4.perspective 5.coincidence21世纪教育网版权所有
6．Impressionism 7.outdoors 8.shadow 9.abstract
10．On the other hand
Task 3
根据课文“A Short History Of Western Painting”，在下面空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。21cnjy.com
Art 1.__________(influence) by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. During the Middle Ages，the mains aim of 2.__________ (paint) was to represent religious themes. A 3.__________ (convention) artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 4.__________ typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols. However，during the Renaissance，new ideas and values gradually 5.__________ (replace) those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on 6.__________ (religion) themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things 7.__________ perspective. As Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one in the late 19th century，these changes led 8.__________ new painting styles. The Impressionists were 9.________ first painters to work outdoors. There are scores of modern art styles，but without the Impressionists，many of these painting styles might not exist. No one can predict10.__________ painting styles there will be in the future.21·cn·jy·com
答案：1．is influenced 2.painters 3.conventional 4.A
5．replaced 6.religious 7.in 8.to 9.the 10.what
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第五学时 Writing
健康——健康生活
【写作素材】
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
1．吸烟是个坏习惯。首先，吸烟不仅危害吸烟者的健康，而且影响周围不吸烟者的健康。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Smoking is a bad habit.Firstly, smoking not only does harm to the health of smokers, but also affects the health of non smokers around them.
2．其次，香烟很贵。吸烟者不得不花很多钱购买香烟，很浪费钱。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Secondly, cigarettes are very expensive.Smokers have to spend a lot of money buying them, which is a waste of money.
3．再次，因为吸烟者的粗心大意，可能会发生火灾，造成巨大的生命和财产损失。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Thirdly, because of the smokers' carelessness, there can be fires which result in a great loss of life and property.
4．此外，我们青少年没有收入，没有吸烟的权利。如果染上这种坏习惯，事情将更加糟糕。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Besides, we are teenagers and have no income.We have no right to smoke.It will be even worse if we get into the bad habit.
【连句成篇】
可选用first of all，定语从句，because of，besides等将以上句子连成一篇短文。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Smoking is a bad habit.First of all，smoking not only does harm to the health of smokers，but also affects the health of non smokers around them.Secondly，cigarettes are very expensive.Smokers have to spend a lot of money buying them，which is a waste of money.Thirdly，because of the smokers' carelessness，there can be fires which result in a great loss of life and property.Besides，we are teenagers and have no income.We have no right to smoke.It will be even worse if we get into the bad habit.
【短文改错】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
HIV is spread through blood or fluid that the body make during sex. For an person to become infecting, blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus, has to get inside the body through broken skin or by injection. One days scientists will find the cure for HIV/AIDS. Until that happened, you need to protect you. Here is some things you can do to make sure you stay safety.
答案：HIV is spread through blood or ∧,the) fluid that the body during sex.For person to become ， blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus, has to get inside the body through broken skin or by injection.One scientists will find cure for HIV/AIDS.Until that ， you need to protect .Here some things you can do to make sure you stay .
如何回复建议信
技巧点拨
写回复建议信时，首先要分析问题，表明自己的观点；其次，针对问题提出建议，并说明原因；最后，提出期望，希望收信者积极行动，改进现状，并礼貌地结束全文。同时应注意以下几点。
1．要素要齐全。建议信的回信和建议信一样，通常由六部分构成：信头(发信人的地址和发信日期)；信内地址(收信人姓名、职位、地址等)；称呼；正文；结束语；签名。有时信头和信内地址可以省略。
2．态度要诚恳而有礼貌。不管对方提出的建议对自己是否可行，都应该认真对待并对对方表示感谢。
3．客观分析，表明态度。对对方提出的建议要准确理解、认真分析，然后结合自己的实际情况表明自己的态度是接受还是拒绝。
4．简明扼要，以理服人。在说明自己接受尤其是拒绝对方建议的原因时，一定要语气柔和，逻辑分明，重点突出，做到纳拒有理。
常用表达
1．首段：引出问题。
I am sorry you have had so much trouble in...
You have asked for my advice on...and I will try to make some suggestions.
I feel greatly honored to be trusted...
2．主体：提出提议。
In my opinion，you would be wise to take the following action.
First of all，...；Meanwhile，...；In addition...
It's important for you to...
3．结尾：提出期望。
Cheer up！Your troubles will soon be over.
Where there is a will，there is a way.
Don't lose heart，whatever happens.
I will be very glad if you find my suggestions useful.
Please let me know if I can help further.
假如你是李华，你跟你的朋友Paul聊天，他表示学习压力很大，请你给他写封信，给他提一些建议。
1．将自己的问题告诉老师和同学，请求得到他们的帮助。
2．不要总想着考试成绩，要多想想自己在哪些方面进步了，这样就会给自己自信。
3．多做运动，运动可以帮助自己缓解压力，并且有助于睡眠。
4．你对他的祝福。
注意：1.词数：100左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Paul，
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案：Dear_Paul，
I quite sympathize with you and understand the great trouble you are suffering from just because the problem you are facing is very common among us students.Here are some suggestions for you.
Firstly, I suggest you communicate your trouble with your teachers and classmates so as to get help from them.Secondly, you are not supposed to think about your exams all the time, which only makes you more stressed out.Instead, you should think about the progress you have made in your study, which will surely increase your own confidence.In addition, it would be better for you to do more exercise in your spare time to relieve your stress because sports will also help you sleep better at night.
I hope you will get out of your trouble sooner and live happily.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua模块总复习
Part One Useful Expressions
1．above sea level 海平面
2．aim at 瞄准；争取
3．a great deal 大量
a great amount of 大量
a great deal of 大量，许多
a lot大量，许多
4．as long as 只要
5．appeal to sb. 呼吁；向……申诉；吸引某人
6．aim to do sth. 打算做某事
at the thought of...一想到
all sorts of＝all kinds of...各种各样的
7．as a consequence因此；结果
as a result of 因为
as a result 结果
8．attempt sth.企图，试图(做某事)
attempt to do sth. 企图，试图(做某事)
attempt doing sth. 尝试做某事
9．a bunch of 一小串
10．and so on等等
11．a diversity of各种各样
12．be about to do sth. when...准备做某事时，突然……
13．be accepted as被当作……而接受
14．be anxious to do 急于做某事
15．be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事
16．be popular with 受到……的欢迎
17．bow to 向……鞠躬
18．be addicted to 对……有瘾
19．be accustomed to 习惯于
20．be appointed as/be appointed to do 任命……为
21．be at risk 处于危险当中
22．be used to 习惯做某事
23．burn to the ground 全部焚毁
24．lie unconscious on the floor 躺在地上没知觉
25．build up to a climax 发展到高潮
26．build up逐步建立；增加，增进
27．concentrate on 集中精神于
28．convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
29．convey...to... 向……表达……
30．compare to和……比起来
31．come about发生，造成
32．compare...with 与……比较
33．be due to (作谓语)由于；应归；应做的
34．day by day 一天天地， 逐渐
35．devote...to 贡献于
36．due to 由于……
37．do damage to...对……造成伤害
38．decide on 对……作决定
39．decide to do 决定做
40．express joy，fear or anxiety 表达高兴，害怕或焦虑
41．focus on集中；聚焦
42．feel like (doing) 想要去做
43．get into 陷入，染上(坏习惯)
44．glance through匆匆看一遍
45．get into a panic 陷入慌乱中
46．give birth to 生(孩子)，产生
47．give a preference to sb. / sth. 给某人/某物以优惠
48．have a 有天赋
49．have a preference for sth.喜爱某物；偏爱/爱好某物
50．have a long and happy life 过着幸福开心的日子
51．have possession of 占有
52．have faith in sb. /sth.对……有信心
53．in (the) possession of拥有(属于)
54．in spite of不顾，不管
55．It is said that...据说……
It is hoped that...希望能……
56．It is expected that...希望；预期
It is believed that...据信；人们相信
57．keep on doing 继续
58．look forward to 期待做
59．lie unconscious on the floor躺在地上没知觉
60．make a plan of action 行动计划
61．keep away from 远离
62．make an effort to do sth.努力做某事
63．make one's way to/towards前往
64．manage to do sth.＝succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
65．make a difference有关系，有影响
66．mountain area 山区；山地
67．object to反对
68．on the whole大体上，基本上
69．on the one hand在一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
70．on the opposite /on the contrary相反
71．powerful natural force 强大的自然力量
72．put up with容忍，忍受
73．quantities of大量的
74．result in＝lead to＋结果＝result from＋原因 导致
75．remind...of 使某人想起
76．risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
77．run out of花光，耗尽
78．stand for 代表，支持
79．stay safe/healthy 注意安全/保持健康
80．so long as＝as long as 只要
81．score the goal达到目标
82．subscribe to 同意；捐助；订阅
83．take it easy别着急，别紧张
84．transform into转化为，改造为
85．to one's joy/sorrow/anger令人高兴/伤悲/生气的是
86．take the place of＝replace 取代……的位置
take place 发生；举行
take one's place 取代某人； 就座
87．take possession of拿过来，夺取，没收
88．take up 占据
89．take risks/adventures 冒险
90．take sb.by surprise 趁某人不备
91．thick forest 茂密的森林
92．the lake of heaven 天地
93．take risks to do ＝take risks of doing...
94．vary from...to... 由……到……不等
95．with the aim of 为了……目的
with the hope of 希望
96．wait in a queue 排队
jump the queue 插队
Part Two Word Spelling
(注意词形变化)
v．—adj—n.—(n.)
1．realize—realistic—reality
2．believe—believable—belief
3．predict—predictable—prediction—predictor
4．collect—collectable—collection
5．repeat—repetitive—repetition
6．translate—translated—translation—translator
7．impress—impressive—impression
8．transform—transformational—transformation
9．compare—comparative—comparison
10．pollute—polluted—pollution
11．comprehend—comprehensive—comprehension
12．addict—addictive—addiction
13．produce—productive—production
adj.—adv.—n.
1．consequent—consequently—consequence
2．ridiculous—ridiculously—ridiculousness
3．anxious—anxiously—anxiety
4．fortunate—fortunately—fortune
5．angry—angrily—anger
6．warm—warmly—warmth
v．—n.—(n.)
1．symbolize—symbol
2．possess—possession
3．exhibit—exhibition
4．abstract—abstraction
5．civilize—civilization
6．state—statement
7．judge—judg(e)ment
8．manage—manager—management
9．exist—existence
10．erupt—eruption
11．evaluate—evaluation
12．arrive—arrival
13．agree—agreement
14．create—creation
15．explain—explanation
16．appear—appearance
17．resist—resistance
18．expose—exposition
19．refuse—refusal
n．—adj.
1．value—valuable
2．religion—religious
3．convince—convincing
4．poet—poetic
5．nurse—nursery
6．rhythm—rhythmic
7．salt—salty
8．joy—joyful
9．darkness—dark
10．sex—sexual
11．stress—stressful
12．electricity—electrical
13．courage—courageous
14．chemistry—chemical
15．diversity—diverse
adj.—adv.
1．perfect—perfectly
2．automatic—automatically
3．mental—mentally
4．steady—steadily
5．absolute—absolutely
6．excited—excitedly
反义词
1．legal—illegal
2．agree—disagree
3．encourage—discourage
4．perfect—imperfect
5．valuable—valueless
6．fortunate—unfortunate
7．dress—undress
8．polite—impolite
9．harmful—harmless
10．correct—incorrect
11．stop—nonstop
12．smoker—nonsmoker
13．normal—abnormal
Part Three Useful Structures
1．I'd prefer...我宁愿……
I'd prefer to stay inside the house, for it is so hot outside.
外面这么热， 我宁愿待在房子里。
2．I'd like...我想……
I'd like to go to Shenzhen University to go on with further study.
我想到深圳大学深造。
3．I'd rather...我宁愿……
I'd rather stay poor than ask others for help.
我宁愿熬穷也不叫别人帮我。
4．If I did... I would do...如果……我会……
If you watered it every day, it would not die.
如果你每天给它浇水，它就不会死。
5．If I had not...I would have done...
如果没有……我会……
If I had not left my wallet in my office, I would have arrived home now.
如果我不是把钱包忘在办公室，我早就到家了。
6．It is amazing that...真令人惊讶……
It is amazing that the student who has been poor at English had got a high mark this time.
真令人惊讶，平时英语一直很弱的学生这次居然得了高分。
7．If we did...we would...如果我们……我们会……
If we knew more about diamond，we wouldn't be cheated by them.
如果我们对钻石更了解，我们就不会受他们欺骗。
8．There are various reasons why...
为什么……的原因很多。
There are various reasons why more and more people enjoy doing sports in their free time.
为什么越来越多的人在业余时间喜欢进行体育运动的原因很多。
9．The reason why...is that...……的原因是……
The reason why we don't always do shopping online is that we are not sure about the quality of the online goods.
我们不总是在网上购物的原因是我们不能确保在线商品的质量。
10．It is ＋ adj./n.＋ (for/of sb.) to do sth.
It is illegal for a teenager to drive a car without a license.
对十多岁的人来说，无驾照开车是违法的。
11．It is ＋adj./n.＋ clause
It is important that we should obey the traffic regulations.
我们遵守交通规则很重要。
12．It is time for sb.to do sth.
是某人做某事的时候了。
It's so late.It's time to close the shop.
很晚了。商店该打烊了。
13．every time 引导时间状语从句， 表示“每当，每次”。
Every time I met with difficulties, I would turn to Uncle Tom for help.
每当我遇到困难时，我都会向汤姆叔叔求助。
14．There is no doubt that...
毫无疑问(that 引导同位语从句)……
There is no doubt that this woman is fit for the work.
毫无疑问这位妇女对这项工作很称职。
15．It is...who / that...(强调句)
It was in Beijing that the 29th Olympic Games was held.
第29届奥运会是在北京举办的。
16．so long as 只要(引导状语从句)……
We can lend you our car, so long as you don't make it dirty.
我们能借给你车，只要你不把它弄脏了。
17．be about to do...when...
正要做某事就在这时……
I was about to go to bed when I heard a cry for help outside.
我正要上床睡觉突然听到外面有呼救声。
18．It is said that...据说……
It is said that the famous singer Caiqin is going to hold a concert in Guangzhou.
据说著名歌星蔡琴将要在广州举办演唱会。
19．On( the) one hand...On the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
I prefer to stay at home than travel during this holiday.On (the) one hand, it is too hot.On the other hand, I have no money.
这个假期我情愿待在家里，也不愿去旅游。一方面， 天气太热了， 另一方面， 我没有钱。
20．the first time 引导时间状语从句， 表示“第一次……的时候”
The first time I saw her, I believed that she was a kind hearted girl.
我第一次见到她的时候， 就相信她是一个善良的女孩。
Part Four Exercises
一、选择下列词语的适当形式完成下列句子
A
take the place of focus on a great deal of break away from
lead to scores of convince value aim at attempt
as a consequence exhibition civilization
1．Last Sunday，Kate and I went to an________where we enjoyed many famous paintings of some famous artists at home and abroad.
2．She________to stand up by herself，but failed.
3．It is so large a project that________money is needed at the moment.
4．I have seen her grow up.____________，I was________her of her honesty and ability.
5．True friendship is________and I will________the friendship between us forever.
6．All the people________their attention__________how to save the poor little boy after he was found by the old couple.
7．As is known to us all，eating too much baked and fried food will probably________diseases.
8．Nowadays plastic things________many wooden ones.
9．He has decided________his bad habits from now on.
10．The old woman got up early the next day，______catching the first train for town.
11．The farmer living in the woods keeps________ducks and chickens in his farm.
12．He couldn't help praising the fast growing economy of China，a country with old________．
答案：1．exhibition 2.attempted 3.a great deal of
4．As a consequence；convinced 5.valuable；value
6．focused；on 7.lead to 8.take the place of
9．to break away from 10.aiming at 11.scores of
12．civilization
B
poem aspect diamond balloon take it easy run out of make up of branch transform joy anger sorrow appropriate dark underline
1．I still remember some little________I used in games on the playground when I was a child.
2．When the lady found her________necklace gone，her husband asked her to________and she should believe the police would help them.
3．In this____________，computer brings people a lot of trouble.
4．In the____________，the poor old man could see nobody and he was at a loss what to do next.However，to his________，he suddenly saw lights in front of him after a few minutes.
5．Some Japanese poems are________________seventeen syllables.
6．What does the____________word mean in the passage？Can you give me a(n)______explanation
7．It was already midnight，but he was very________to see that his daughter hadn't come back yet.He was scolding his wife__________．
8．It is said that the poor lady who had been waiting for her husband________into stone.
9．To their great surprise，they found the________flying lower and lower toward the village.
10．To their________，they heard that their beloved teacher Mr.Black passed away last month.
答案：1．poems 2.diamond；take it easy 3.aspect 4.darkness；joy
5．made up of 6.underlined；appropriate 7.angry；angrily
8．was transformed 9.balloon 10.sorrow
C
get into stand for decide on accustomed to feel like
in spite of addicted to remind...of due to manage to do
be ashamed of
1．I________going to bed.I'm tired.
2．This song always________me________the old good days.
3．Some people don't know P．O.also____________postal order.
4．________the high price，demand for these cars is very high.
5．Our grateful thanks are______the police department for their help in the making of the film.
6．The children________the habit of switching on the television as soon as they came back from school.
7．Jenny__________her fat shape so she__________going on a diet.At the beginning，she was not__________eating too little but gradually she__________resist the delicious food that she was once__________．
答案：1．feel like 2.reminds...of 3.stands for
4．In spite of 5.due to 6.got into
7．was ashamed of；decided on；accustomed to；managed to；addicted to
D
compare to run out glance at depend on result in
build up make a difference
1．The pressure________over the year，and eventually I had to leave my job.
2．She________the clock，then lowered her eyes and stared at her hands.
3．Choosing the right dictionary________what you want to use it for.
4．His laziness and carelessness________his failure in the exam held last week.
5．Changing schools________to my life.
6．I was in a phone box and my money__________before I finished.
7．China，with 1.3 billion population，________other countries，has more human labor.
答案：1．built up 2.glanced at 3.depends on 4.resulted in 5.made a difference 6.ran out 7.compared to
E
potential unique precious long for diversity guarantee compared with adventure evaluate unfortunately
As we all know，the power of nature is great.1.________the past, human beings have made great progress in fighting against all kinds of disasters，such as hurricanes，earthquakes and volcanoes.However，if we don't protect the natural environment，it will give us 2.________lessons one after another from different subjects.In fact we can't resist the power of nature，because it is great and 3.________and we can't turn against it sometimes.So we must take measures to 4.________ourselves before we have courage to do any kind of 5.________．Or we will be punished by nature.Believe it or not，there is still great 6.________in nature for us to make the best use of the natural resources through our continuous efforts.Now it is time for us to 7.________again the relationship between humankind and nature.8.______， we have realized the destruction and pollution to .Furthermore，to our excitement，the whole world has united together and learned from each other's 9.________experience to fight against any unfriendly behavior to our living environment.Now we are 10.______a bright future，though there is a very long way to go.
答案：1．Compared with 2.diverse 3.unique 4.evaluate 5.adventure 6.potential 7.guarantee 8.Fortunately 9.precious 10.longing for
二、 根据汉语或所给单词的首字母填写单词
1．I finally________(意识)that if I want to make my dream come into________(现实)，I should try my best to do everything well.
2．The poor woman strongly________(相信) that her________(信仰)in God would really bring her good luck，which is really__________(难以置信的)．
3．What the young man said was________(可笑)and obviously，he was lying.__________(可笑)，almost everyone present believed him.
4．Even though I know many things are________(不可预测)，some so－called________(预言家)still________(预言)that the earth would disappear one day.
5．Actually，lots of things are________(可收集)，such as leaves，coins，stamps，postcards and so on.I especially enjoy________(收集)tree leaves and I have got a large________( 收藏品)of varieties of tree leaves.
6．It is said that the young man________(拥有) a large sum of money left by his father and he took______of (拥有)a large company at the age of 20.
7．Sports and games are of great________(价值)．As a consequence，________(有价值)sports may help the sick to recover faster.
8．Many girl students consider maths too________(抽象) and its________(抽象)always puzzles them，which makes them even lose interest in it.
9．What________(给……印象)me most was the big clock.The________(印象)of it still remains in my mind after 18 years.
10．We all have________(公民)rights and duties.There is no exception in a highly________(文明)country.As a citizen of it，we should spread its________(文明)all over the world.
11．All the people were attracted by her________(美) as well as the songs she sang________(优美地)．
12．People all over the world long for__________(和平). There is no denying the fact that every nation enjoys a________(宁静)world and prefer to live on the earth________(和平地)．
13．To his________(高兴)，he managed to pass all his subjects in the final term exam.Both his were________(高兴)by it.
14．________(希望)，everything will turn nice as time goes by.I do________(希望)all my students work much harder than ever.If so，they can get a better chance this year and go to a better university________ (满怀希望)．If they keep being so lazy，they are______ (没希望)，I think.
15．We can not imagine how________(强大) nature is.Perhaps that's the reason why there are so many natural disasters nowadays.Naturally，we do not know the________(力量)of it，so we can not predict what will happen in the future.
16．The man in a________(深色)suit could see nothing when he came to a__________(黑暗)corner of the house in the________(漆黑)．Worse still，the tall tree behind the room________(使变暗)the whole house.
17．Harry Porter______________(翻译) into many languages.With the help of the________(翻译)，people all over the world can enjoy reading it.I hope one day I can become a________(翻译家)so that I myself can______(翻译)some books into Chinese.
18．Success and wealth________(改变)his character.A kind hearted man________(改变)into a greedy and cruel one.His temper has undergone a________(转变)since his wife left him.
19．As final exams are coming，most students are under a lot of s________．
20．I have q________my job because of being treated unfairly.
21．Listening，speaking，reading and writing are four b________skills in learning English.
22．An i________action is something you do against the law.
23．Being asked to complete the task within one week brought him great m________pressure and he felt too tired to do anything every day.
24．So I did the wrong thing！Well，nobody's______(完美的)．
25．The doors opened____________(自动地) as we approached.
26．Some________(青少年) have got into the habit of taking drugs.
27．She hoped to get a job on the local newspaper and________(最后)worked for the Times.
28．She has been________(怀孕) for five months.
29．As a c________of a great fire the house was completely destroyed.
30．In dealing with this new________(现象)，I have two points to make.
31．There are large________(大量) of food in the shop.
32．It is beyond the________(范围) of my ability.
33．There are serious________(分歧) between them over the question.
34．The number of new students d________from 210 to 160 this year.
35．Soil p____________may come about if you bury untreated used batteries into the earth.
36．The blue whale is the largest creature that has ever e________on earth.
37．Losing his job suddenly was a financial________(大灾难) for his family.
38．What's the a________rainfall in this area
39．The news that our team had won the game e______ us.
40．He hid behind the door，t________with fear.
41．The crowd p________at the sound of the explosion.
42．Real friendship is more p________than money.
43．All flights have been c________because of the bad weather.
44．He would write a(n)________(冒险) story for boys.
45．All children should be encouraged to realize their full________(潜能)．
46．It's a(n)________(极好的) place，really beautiful.
47．—Was it any good
—No，________(绝对地) not.
48．Reading without understanding is just like______(吞咽)food without chewing and digesting.
答案：1．realized；reality
2．believed；belief；unbelievable
3．ridiculous；Ridiculously
4．unpredictable；predictors；predicted
5．collectable；collecting；collection
6．possesses；possession
7．value；valuable
8．abstract；abstraction
9．impressed；impression
10．civil；civilized；civilization
11．beauty；beautifully
12．peace；peaceful；peacefully
13．delight/joy；delighted/joyful
14．Hopefully；hope；hopefully；hopeless
15．powerful；power
16．dark；dark；darkness，darkened
17．has been translated；translation；translator，translate
18．has transformed；is transformed；transformation
19．stress 20.quit/quitted
21．basic 22.illegal
23．mental 24.perfect
25．automatically 26.adolescents
27．eventually 28.pregnant
29．consequence 30.phenomenon
31．quantities 32.range
33．disagreements 34.decreased
35．pollution 36.existed
37．catastrophe 38.average
39．excited 40.trembling
41．panicked 42.precious
43．cancelled 44.adventurous/adventure
45．potential 46.fantastic
47．absolutely 48.swallowing
三、完成下列句子
1．It rained heavily on my way to the cinema.______(所以)，the film had already begun when I got there.
2．People in that country consider the eagle the______(象征)of peace.
3．The old woman was________(相信) what the young man told her.
4．In his novel，he________(集中)his attention on the death of the old couple，the Greens.
5．As a famous________(学者)，he knows a lot in this field.
6．In the small village，some of the young men used to be very________(好斗的)．
7．Walking on the__________(大街)of the famous city，Paris，she felt herself in a strange world.
8．In my friend's house，I can see much furniture in______(当代的)style made in Germany.
9．What happened in the small town left me a______(永久的)impression，one that I will never forget.
10．______(现在)，chatting online has become popular not only among the young，but also the old.
11．I______(感到羞愧) having lied to my teacher.
12．The car accident______(由于) careless driving.
13．My parents have________(决定) buying the red shoes for my birthday.
14．He________(习惯了) the life in the mountains since his earliest boyhood.
15．She spends all her spare time in reading and we all say that she________(对……着迷)reading.
16．随着科学的发展，中国近几年发生了大变化。
With the development of science，great changes______________________in China in recent years.
17．我再也不能容忍你的粗鲁无理了。
I can't________________________your rudeness any more.
18．只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走。
You may borrow this book________________________you promise to give it back.
19．他病后逐渐恢复了体力。
He__________________his strength gradually after an illness.
20．一方面，我想卖掉房子；另一方面，我不想搬家。
________________________________，I want to sell the house，but______________________________，I don't want to move.
答案：1．Consequently/ As a consequence 2.symbol
3．convinced 4.focused 5.scholar 6.aggressive
7．avenue 8.contemporary 9.permanent
10．Nowadays 11.was ashamed of 12.was due to
13．decided on 14.has been accustomed to
15．is addicted to 16.have came about/taken place
17．put up with 18.as/so long as或on condition that
19．built up 20.On the one hand；on the other hand
四、将下列句子译成英语
1．有些青少年浪费了大量的时间玩电脑游戏。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Some teenagers have wasted a great deal of time playing computer games.
2．晚饭后，玛利宁愿待在图书馆阅览杂志和报纸。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：After supper，Mary prefers to stay in the library reading magazines and newspapers.
3．如果我更加努力，我相信我的进步更大。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：If I work harder，I am convinced that I will make greater progress.
4．我希望越来越多的人懂得欣赏美术和音乐。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：I hope that more and more people know how to enjoy art and music.
5．没有电脑，难以想象我们的生活会变成什么样。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is hard to imagine what our life would be without computer.
6．考试的时候，你们根本用不着紧张，放松些，才能把试卷做好。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：When you are having your examination，you needn't feel nervous.Take it easy and you can do the papers well.
7．那杯由橙汁、牛奶、鸡蛋和巧克力制成的饮料味道不错。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The drink made up of orange juice，egg，milk and chocolate tastes delicious.
8．作实验时，你必须留意老师的示范动作。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：When/While/As you are doing the experiment，you should keep an eye on what your teacher shows you.
9．令我生气的是，当我到达电影院时， 电影已经开始了20分钟。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：To my anger，the film had been on for 20 minutes when I arrived at the cinema.
10．尽管汽车有种种不足之处，但我们还是从中受益很大。(简单句和复合句，in spite of/ despite，though)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Despite/In spite of all the disadvantages of the car，we still can get much benefit from it.
Though the car has a lot of disadvantages，we still can get much benefit from it.
11．我们该结束讨论了。(it is time to do/that clause)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It's time for us to put an end to our discussion.
It's time we stopped/ put an end to our discussion.
12．与自行车相比，坐汽车旅行更舒服一些。(compared with)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Compared with bikes，cars are more comfortable to travel in.
13．尽管很累，他仍继续工作直到完成任务。(keep on)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Tired as he was，he still kept on working until he finished the task.
14．这个月的天气基本上是好的。(on the whole)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The weather this month has been good on the whole.
15．正是那场意外事故造成了他的死亡。(result in)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was the accident that resulted in his death.
16．在阻止犯罪方面教育起作用吗？(make a difference)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Does education make a difference in preventing crimes
17．就是因为这个宝贵的有利时机，这个有巨大潜能的男孩才成功地被送去国外读书。(强调句，precious，manage)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was because of the precious chance/opportunity that the boy of great potential managed to be sent to study abroad.
18．与送代表爱情的红玫瑰相比，亲吻别人则有着各种各样的含义。(分词作状语，stand for，diversity)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Compared to sending red roses standing for love，kissing others has a diversity of meanings.
19．声明他不能忍受当地媒体的报道之后，他取消了所有的演出。(分词作状语，state，cancel)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Having stated that he couldn't put up with the reports by the local press，he canceled all the performances.
20．据报道在我的家乡有两所学校正在修建中。(it作形式主语，复合句)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is reported that two schools are being built in my hometown.第五学时 Writing
【写作素材】
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
1．与自然灾害，如台风、飓风、洪水、地震和火山等相比，人类很弱小。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Compared with natural disasters，such as typhoon，hurricane，flood，earthquake and volcano，humans are weak.
2．岩浆流经之处，一切都被掩埋在熔岩下面。人们惊慌失措，为自己的安全而担忧。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Wherever the lava flows，everything is buried under the molten rock.People are in panic and anxious about their safety.
3．消防队员赶到起火的地方。虽然他们尽一切努力灭火，但是许多房子都被烧毁了。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The firemen make their way to the places on fire.Though they make every effort to put out the fire，many houses are burnt to the ground.
【连句成篇】
可选用compared with，状语从句等将以上句子连成一篇短文
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Compared with natural disasters，such as typhoon，hurricane，flood，earthquake and volcano，humans are weak.Wherever the lava flows，everything is buried under the molten rock.People are in panic and anxious about their safety.The firemen make their way to the places on fire.Though they make every effort to put out the fire，many houses are burnt to the ground.
【短文改错】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tianchi is a deep lake that has formed in the crater of an dead volcano in top of the mountain. The lake is 2，194 metres above a sea level, and more than 200 metres deeply. On winter the surface freeze over. It takes about an hour climb from the end on the road to the top of the mountain. When you arrive you are rewarding not only with the sight of its clear waters, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain peak that surround Tianchi.
答案：Tianchi is a deep lake that has formed in the crater of dead volcano top of the mountain.The lake is 2，194 metres above a sea level, and more than 200 metres . winter the surface over.It takes about an hour∧,to)climb from the end the road to the top of the mountain.When you arrive you are not only with the sight of its clear waters, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain that surround Tianchi.
如何描述旅游景点
技巧点拨
旅游景点介绍实质上是说明文的一种，所以它首先要具备说明文的特点，即要按照一定的结构顺序(时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序等)和模式(先总后分、由整体到局部、由概述到细节)来展开描写。其次，要重点突出，详略得当。写作时不一定要面面俱到，要重点描写该旅游景点的特别之处，突出其特色(如其独特的风景特色、历史典故、地理风貌、风土人情、传说故事、民族习俗或名胜古迹等)，这样才能给读者留下深刻的印象。最后，语言要生动，富有感染力，使读者有身临其境之感且产生强烈的旅游欲望。
常用表达
is located/situated in...
stands/lies in the east...
covers an area of...
is surrounded by...
has a population of...
is a．.. with a population of...
has a history of...
is rich in...
is famous for...
is home to...
黄山为“三山五岳”中“三山” 之一，位于我国安徽省境内。黄山有72峰，风景区自然景观秀丽，奇松、怪石、云海、温泉素称黄山“四绝” ，令海内外游人叹为观止。请写一篇短文来介绍一下黄山。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：山峰peak；不规则的irregular
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Of all the famous mountains in China，Huangshan，located in the south of Anhui Province，is probably one of the most famous.There are as many as 72 peaks in Huangshan，and where there are peaks，there are wonderful rocks.The steeper the rocky peaks are，the more irregular the shapes of the pines look.As the range of Huangshan is high and it has plenty of rainfall，it can be seen surrounded in clouds.Huangshan's hot spring is also very famous.The spring water is not only suitable for bathing but also effective in curing some diseases.In a word，the fantastic pines，the strange rocks，the sea of clouds and the hot springs make Huangshan a unique tourist attraction in China.第三学时 Using Language
Reading，listening and speaking
仔细阅读“The Lake of Heaven”，选择正确答案。
1．Changbaishan is famous for its ________．
A．various height B．rare plants
C．rare animals D．natural state
答案：D
2．Which animals are NOT seen in the reserve of Changbaishan
A．Cranes. B．Leopards.
C．Lions. D．Tigers.
答案：C
3．Which of the following statements is NOT right about Tianchi
A．Tianchi is surrounded by sixteen mountain peaks.
B．People go bathing in Tianchi in winter.
C．Tianchi has formed in the crater of a dead volcano.
D．The water in Tianchi is very clear.
答案：B
4．Why do people drop a coin into Tianchi
A．To see if it can fall into water.
B．To guarantee their love deep and lasting.
C．To guarantee their will make a fortune.
D．To clean their coin.
答案：B
Part A Reading Aloud
模仿朗读下面一段话，并注意语音语调。
Changbaishan is in Jilin Province, Northeast China.Much⌒of this beautiful, mountainous area is thick forest . Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve/and it⌒is kept in its natural state/for the people of China/and visitors from all⌒over the world to enjoy. The height⌒of the land varies from 700 metres/above sea level to over 2，000 metres/and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. Among the rare animals are cranes，?black bears，?leopards?and tigers.?Many people come to Changbaishan to study its unique plants and animals. Others come to walk in the mountains，?to see the spectacular waterfalls?or to bathe in the hot water pools.?However, the attraction that arouses the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi?or the Lake of Heaven.?
Part B Role play
情景介绍：Tom and Susan在谈论天池。
角色：Tom和Susan
任务：(1)请根据中文提示提出问题。
(2)请你的同学根据课文内容回答你的提问，然后你们互换角色进行口语练习。
Q1：长白山在哪里？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q1：Where is Changbaishan
A1：In Jilin Province，Northeast China.
Q2：什么是自然保护区？长白山是自然保护区吗？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q2：What is a nature reserve？Is Changbaishan a nature reserve
A2：A nature reserve is a place kept in its natural state for people to enjoy.Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve.
Q3：为什么许多人来长白山？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q3：Why do many people come to Changbaishan
A3：Some come to study the unique plants and animals；others come to enjoy themselves.
Q4：最吸引人的景点是什么？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q4：What is the most popular attraction to tourists in the reserve
A4：Tianchi or Lake of Heaven.
Q5：天池是在哪儿形成的？有多深？天池的水怎样？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q5：Where is Tianchi formed？How deep is it？What about the water in it
A5：In the crater of a dead volcano on top of a 2，194 metre high mountain.It is over 200 metres deep and the water in it is crystal clear.
Part C Retelling
请用自己的话复述课文，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：Changbaishan，nature reserve，attraction
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Changbaishan is in Jilin Province，Northeast China.It is China's largest nature reserve，a place kept in its natural state for people to enjoy.Every year many people come here to study the unique plants and animals；others come to enjoy themselves.But the most popular attraction to tourists in the reserve is Tianchi or Lake of Heaven，which has formed in the crater of a dead volcano on top of a 2，194 metre high mountain.It is over 200 metres deep and the water in it is crystal clear.
1．tremble v. & n．发抖，震颤，哆嗦
tremble with fear/anger/cold/excitement
因恐惧/愤怒/寒冷/兴奋而发抖
即学即练
将下列句子译成汉语。
(1)The whole house trembled as the train went by.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)火车开过来时，整幢房子都在震颤。
(2)There was a tremble in his voice.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(2)他的声音有点颤抖。
(3)Her voice trembled with excitement.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(3)她的声音激动得发颤。
2．anxiety n．担心，忧虑；渴望
anxious adj.忧虑的，不安的
be anxious about/for/sb./sth. 担心/忧虑某人/某物
be anxious to do sth.急切想做某事
cause sb.great anxiety 使某人非常不安
with great anxiety 忧心忡忡地
the anxiety for peace 对和平的渴望
the anxiety about living conditions
对居住环境的忧虑
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)I ______________(真的好担心你)．You shouldn't have left home without a word.
(2)He ______________(担心他的家眷), who were traveling abroad.
(3)He caused his parents__________(非常担心) by cycling long distance alone.
(4)The students were waiting for the result of the examination ____________(忧心忡忡)．
答案：(1)was really anxious about you
(2)was anxious for his families
(3)great anxiety (4)with great anxiety
3．The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2，000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.(p.39)
这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2 000米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。
词语链接
vary from...to... 由……到……情况不一
various adj.各种各样的
variety n．种类
a variety of/varieties of 许多，各种各样
diversity＝variety n．变化多样， 多样性
The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.
天气变化很大，一会儿很冷，一会儿变得相当暖和。
Her health varies from good to rather weak.
她的健康状况时好时坏。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)There must be a ____________(众说纷纭)．
(2)__________(各种各样的植物) can be found here.
答案：(1)wide diversity of opinions (2)Varieties of plants
4．don't forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.(p.39)
别忘了投一枚硬币到清澈碧蓝的水中，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。
guarantee v. & n. 保证，担保；保证书，保修期
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)Buying a train ticket doesn't ______________(确保有座位)．
(2)The computer has ________________(一年的保修期)．
(3)The TV set __________________(保修三年)．
(4)I'll ______________(保证他一定会来)．
答案：(1)guarantee a seat
(2)a twelve months' guarantee
(3)is guaranteed for three years
(4)guarantee that he will come
一、单词拼写
1．The ________ (小说家) lost her ________ (珍贵的) necklace on her way home.
2．We can't ________ (保证) that our flights will never be delayed.
3．All of us were in a state of ________ (惊慌) when a man was ________ (射伤) on the spot.
4．Please accept this gift in ________ (感谢) of all you've done for us.
5．He is full of ________ (焦虑)，for the exam is coming.
答案：1．novelist；precious 2.guarantee 3.panic；shot
4．appreciation 5.anxiety
二、在下列空格中填入恰当的单词
1．Changbaishan is kept ________ its natural state for the visitors to enjoy.
2．The height of the mountains here varies ________ 500 metres above sea level ________3，000 metres.
3．We all know ________ this island is home ______ varieties ________snakes.
4．Some people come here to enjoy its unique plants and animals.________ like its beautiful scenery.
5．The river is 2，000 kilometres long, 100 metres wide and 200 metres ________．(depth)
6．There are many stories told ________ the temple, ______ was built 2，000 years ago.
7．I'm still amazed at its potential ________ cause great damage.
8．When he came home, he was surprised to see that his new house was burnt ________ the ground.
答案：1．in 2.from；to 3.that；to；of 4.Others
5．deep 6.about；which 7.to 8.to
三、运用所学的语言基础知识，完成下列短文
In the beginning of the new term, our new classmates, whose height 1.____________ (从……到……不等) 1.5m to 1.8m, 2.____________ (决定) run for the monitor. Among them I was the most ordinary looking as well as the shortest coming from a poor family in a 3.____________ (偏远的) countryside, so I was in a real 4.____________ (恐慌；慌张) when 5.____________ (前行) the front of our classroom to give my speech. In order to 6.____________ (使自己镇定下来), I first 7.____________ (浏览) the outline of my script. Gradually, I 8.____________ (对……不再忧虑) making the speech, in which I 9.____________ (保证) my love for both my classmates and work will be as deep and lasting as the sea. Having finished my speech, I was amazed and excited to know my 10.____________ (被委任为) monitor, indeed!
答案：1．varied from 2.decided to 3.remote 4.panic 5.making my way to 6.calm myself down 7.glanced through 8.was not anxious about 9.guaranteed 10.being appointed as本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第一学时 Reading and Comprehension
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
American kids shaping up with trainers
Nearly a million Am ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erican youngsters，some as young as 6，rely on personal trainers to shape up，lose weight or improve in sports，according to figures from the nation's leading sports club association. Many parents，worried about their children's weight and fitness，say that working with a trainer motivates their kids and helps them build confidence. So they are willing to spend the $40 to $60 an hour that trainers generally charge.21教育网
The Boston based gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oup's latest figures，from 2005，show that 824，000 children between the ages of 6 and 17 use trainers—a figure that accounts for about 13% of trainers' clients. With many high school students not getting exercise at school，more parents are turning to trainers to help their children stay fit. More than one third of American children are overweight and experts warn of future health problems ahead from diabetes to heart disease.21cnjy.com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Task 1
仔细阅读课文“Advice from Grandad”， 根据课文内容选出最佳选项。
1．Why did Jame's grandfather write to James
A．Because he wanted to tell James his experience.
B．Because he wanted to tell James the harmful effects of smoking.21世纪教育网版权所有
C．Because he wanted to help James give up smoking.
D．Because he wanted to help James get some information.
答案：C
2．From Paragraph 3, we can learn that ________．
A．a person can be ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dicted to nicotine because nicotine is one of the chemicals in cigaretteswww.21-cn-jy.com
B．a person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habit
C．a person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotine
D．a person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette
答案：B
3．Which is NOT the effect of smoking
A．Causing terrible damage to heart and lungs.
B．Affecting the health of non smokers.
C．Making the clothes turn yellow.
D．Not enjoying sport.
答案：C
4．In what way did the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) old man try to persuade his grandson to give up smoking 2·1·c·n·j·y
A．Using scientific theory.
B．His failure in love.
C．His sports activity.
D．His own experience.
答案：D
Task 2
再次阅读课文“Advice from Grandad”，完成下列表格。
Division Main idea detailed facts
Part 1 Grandad's healthy life It seems amazing th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at at my age I am still 1.________ to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
Part 2 James' problem of smoking and leading to the topic It is 2.________ to stop smoking.Grandad also smoked and became 3.________ to cigarettes during his 4.________.
Part 3 Three different ways of becoming addicted to smoking First you become 5.______ addicted to nicotine.Secondly, you bec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome addicted through habit; you begin to do it 6.________.Lastly, you can become mentally addicted.
Part 4 The harmful effects of smoking It was difficult for smoking couples to become 7.________.A smoker can become 8.________ quickly when playing sports.
Part 5 Advice on how to give up smoking 9.________ a day to quit when you are not stressful.Don't be 10.________ if you have to try several times.
答案：1．fit enough 2.tough 3.addicted 4.adolescence
5．physically 6.automatically 7.pregnant 8.breathless
9．Decide on 10.disappointed
Task 3
根据课文“Advice from Grandad”在下面空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。
Although James' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )grandad will be 82 years old，he is fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.He thinks the long and active life must be due 1.________ the healthy life.But during 2.________ adolescence he was also addicted to cigarettes.He says one may become addicted to cigarettes in three ways.Firstly，one can become physically addicted to nicotine.This means that after a while the body becomes 3.________ (accustom) to having nicotine in it.Secondly，one becomes addicted through habit.If one does the same thing over and over again，he begins to do it 4.________ (automatical)．Lastly，one can become mentally addicted.At first，James' grandad didn't know the harmful effects of smoking or 5.________ it could do terrible damage to the heart and lungs.He didn't know that smoking couples' babies might be 6.________ (normal) in some way.When he was 7.________ (take) off the school football team because he was unfit，he knew it was time to quit 8.________ (smoke)．And he did finally manage.He even sent James some 9.________ (advise) like “prepare yourself，be determined，break the habit，relax，get help if you need it and keep trying” to help James to stop 10.________ strengthen his resolve.21·cn·jy·com
答案：1．to 2.his 3.accustomed 4.automatically 5.that
6．abnormal 7.taken 8.smoking 9.advice 10.and
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第五学时 Writing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
文学与艺术——艺术
【写作素材】
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
1．国画，中国文化的一朵奇葩，以其独特的神韵(spirit)和风格(style)而著称。
________________________________________________________________________【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
答案：Chinese painting, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) precious flower of Chinese culture, is distinguished by its own spirit and style.2·1·c·n·j·y
2．如同中国诗歌不同于西方诗歌，国画也不同于西方绘画。
________________________________________________________________________【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
答案：It is as different ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) from Western painting as Chinese poetry is different from Western poetry.【出处：21教育名师】
3．传统的国画采用和书法(calligraphy)相同的技法，使用毛笔和墨水，不使用油墨。
________________________________________________________________________21教育名师原创作品
答案：Traditional Chin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese painting adopts the same techniques as calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black or colored ink；oils are not used.
4．一方面，有些画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质；另一方面，有的画作又那么真实。www.21-cn-jy.com
_______________________________________________________________________
答案：On the one hand， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some painters do not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes，but instead concentrate on certain qualities of the object.On the other hand，some paintings are so realistic.
【连句成篇】
可选用the same...as，on the one hand...on the other hand等将以上句子连成一篇短文。21教育网
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________www-2-1-cnjy-com
答案：Chinese p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainting，a precious flower of Chinese culture，is distinguished by its own spirit and style.It is as different from Western painting as Chinese poetry is different from Western poetry.Traditional Chinese painting adopts the same techniques as calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black or colored ink；oils are not used.On the one hand，some painters do not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes，but instead concentrate on certain qualities of the object.On the other hand，some paintings are so realistic. 21*cnjy*com
【短文改错】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。【版权所有：21教育】
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The reputati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on of this museum is lies in the variety of it art collection. This covers more than 5，000 years of civilization from many part of the world, included America, Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America. A museum displays more than just the visual delighting of art. It introduce you ancient ways of living. You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house but many other specially exhibitions.
答案：The reputation of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his museum is\ lies in the variety of art collection.This covers more than 5，000 years of civilization from many of the world, America, Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America. museum displays more than just the visual of art.It you ∧,to) ancient ways of living.You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house many other exhibitions.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
如何写建议信
技巧点拨
一般而言，建议信属于半开放性作文，大多要求我们根据所给的材料给出有针对性的解决办法或者提出合理建议。写作时要注意：
1．建议信的语言。
(1)建议信就是在你所写的信中发表你的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )建议与看法。建议信除要遵循书信的格式之外，还要求在信中针对别人的问题，给出你的观点及解决办法。因此，陈述建议的语言必须中肯，在劝说对方接受自己的建议时，应该特别注意措辞。21世纪教育网版权所有
(2)陈述建议必须具有说服性。在向对方表明你 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的建议时，如果对方觉得你的建议是违背常理的，那么你的建议也就失去了意义。所以，要想提出好建议，必须具有充分的理由，展示出自己独特的见解。
(3)此外，要“设身处地”，可适当运用虚拟句“if I were you...”表述自己的建议。
2．建议信的结构。
建议信一般采取“三段式结构 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin with，then，later等依次陈述建议。
(1)首段：表明写作意图，陈述事由，简单介绍自己的观点，注意语气。
(2)主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。
(3)结尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，要注意表达方式，使对方容易接受。
常用表达
建议信的开头
I am writing to express my views concerning...
You have aske ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d me for my advice on...and I will try to make some suggestions.21·cn·jy·com
Thanks for trusting me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Regarding....I'd like to make some suggestions.2-1-c-n-j-y
表达建议
I feel that it would be beneficial if...
I would like to suggest that...
I would recommend that...
If I were you, I would...
You may consider doing...
It would seem to me that you could...
As you may agree that...
As far as I am concerned.../In my opinion.../As for me...
建议信的结尾
I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/
recommendations practical/useful/helpful.
I would be ready to discuss this matter in further details.
I will be more than happy to see improvements in this matter.
Should you have any p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roblems, please feel free to contact me at any time.21*cnjy*com
I'm willing to discuss this matter with you whenever you need.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
假设你是李华，你的好朋友王平给你写信咨询应如何正确读书，请结合你的读书经验给他写一封信。内容包括以下要点：
1．所读书籍难度要适中，偏难、偏易均不宜。若发现一本书太难，不妨先放在一边，换一本容易些的读。
2．读书固然要读自己感兴趣的书，但更要读对自己有益的书。
3．有的书匆匆浏览便可；有的则需细读、精读，更要随时记笔记。
4．不要羞于问问题，任何比你懂得多的人都是你的老师。
5．勤查词典。词典是你最好的老师。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．开头语和结尾语已 为你写好。
Dear Wang Ping，
I'm glad to receive y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our letter asking for my suggestions on how to read books correctly. To read successfully requires correct ways of reading. Here are some suggestions.21cnjy.com
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I_do_hope_my_suggestions_are_helpful_to_you.
Best_wishes，
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
答案：
【参考范文】
Dear Wang Ping，
I'm glad to receiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e your letter asking for my suggestions on how to read books correctly.To read successfully requires correct ways of reading.Here are some suggestions.21·世纪*教育网
Firstly, choose bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oks which are neither too difficult nor too easy for you.If you find it too hard to go on with the book just put it aside for the moment and change for an easier one.Secondly, choose books that not only interest you but also benefit you, since reading is not always for fun only.Some books are to be read roughly, but some must be read slowly and carefully.Don't forget to take some notes whenever you feel it necessary.Thirdly, don't be shy to ask questions.Anyone who knows more than you do can be your teacher.Finally, do make good use of dictionaries, as dictionaries are your best teachers.
I do hope my suggestions are helpful to you.
Best wishes，
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第五学时 Writing
【写作素材】
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
1．随着工业的发展，产生了越来越多的温室气体，地球正在变暖。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：With the development of industry more and more greenhouse gases are produced and the earth is becoming warmer.
2．结果，海平面在上升，致使许多沿海城市和动物的栖息地(habitat)处于危险中。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：As a consequence, the sea level is rising, which makes many coastal cities and animal habitats in danger.
3．全球变暖已经对人类和动物构成严峻的挑战，因此，到了我们采取措施应对这一挑战的时候了。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Global warming has become a serious challenge to mankind and animals, so it is high time that we took measures to deal with it.
4．只有通过改变我们粗暴对待环境的方式，我们才能和环境和谐相处。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Only by changing the way we treat the environment roughly can we get along well with it.
【连句成篇】
可选用as a consequence，定语从句，so，only＋状语等将以上句子连成一篇短文。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：With the development of industry，more and more greenhouse gases are produced and the earth is becoming warmer.As a consequence，the sea level is rising，which makes many coastal cities and animal habitats in danger.Global warming has become a serious challenge to mankind and animals，so it is high time that we took measures to deal with it.Only by changing the way we treat the environment roughly can we get along well with it.
【短文改错】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We use a lot energy on our houses. It is OK to leave a electrical appliance on so long as you are using － if not, turn it off! Does not be casually about this. So if you are using the lights, the TV, the computer, and so on, turn they off. If you are cold, put down more clothes instead of turn up the heat.
答案：We use a lot∧,of) energy our houses.It is OK to leave electrical appliance on so long as you are using∧,it) － if not, turn it off! not be about this.So if you are∧,not) using the lights, the TV, the computer, and so on, turn off.If you are cold, put more clothes instead of up the heat.
怎样用英语写海报、告示
技巧点拨
海报是向大众发布某种消息的布告。海报的形式多为招聘广告，活动宣传和人物介绍。英文海报的内容常为球
讯、影讯、商业报道、展览会、报告会、专题讲座等。一般的英文海报由标题、正文和落款组成。
1．海报的格式。
(1)在第一行的正中间写“POSTER”。
(2)在第二行“POSTER”下面写上活动的具体名称或者活动的内容。例如：An Exciting Basketball Match。
(3)在第三行空3个空格写上“Good news for you.”也可不写。
(4)第四行空3个格写正文，为一段。
(5)在正文的右下角写发布单位，下一行写日期。
2．写作要求。
主题要鲜明，语言要简明扼要，有感染力，能够唤起公众的关注。句子要短小精悍，通俗易懂。时态通常用一般现在时和将来时。
常用表达
We'll have a show/football match on July 16th.
There is a piece of news that we'll hold a．.. ＋地点＋时间．
We hope to raise money to help the poor children ...
It will be held ... The match will be wonderful.
You can buy tickets in ... and the price is 2 yuan for each.
By then, some new clothes are even 50% off. If you spend more than 100 yuan at one time, you can get at present.
请根据下面的提示，写一张有关举行英语演讲比赛的海报。
1. 比赛目的：提高学生讲英语的能力。
2. 报名手续：凡愿意参加者可到各班班长处报名。
3. 比赛时间：2016年5月4日下午2点。
4. 比赛地点：第一会议室。
5. 评比办法：有五位教师作评判员，前十名将获鼓励奖。
6. 举办单位：五中学生会。
7. 海报发布时间：2016年4月24日。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：A Poster for an English Speaking Contest
In order to improve the students' ability to speak English, a school wide English speaking contest will be held in No.1 meeting room at 2 pm on May 4, 2016.Anyone who is willing to take part please go to your monitor and enter your name for it.Five teachers have been invited to work as judges.The first ten winners will be given awards as an encouragement.All are welcome to be present at the contest.
The Students' union，
No.5 Middle School
April 24, 2016本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第四学时 Grammar
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
[观察领悟]
观察领悟下列句子，找出其规律并熟读。
1．We would_have_won ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．..，if Jack_had_scored that goal.If we'd_had just a few more minutes，...www-2-1-cnjy-com
2．Should the traveller_return，this stone would_utter speech.
3. If we_had_booked a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) table earlier, we wouldn't_be standing here in a queue.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
4. Maybe if I had_st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udied science，and not literature then，I_would_be able to give you more help.21cnjy.com
5. If only I had_loo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ked ahead a few days ago！Then I wouldn't_have_been feeling so worried now.【出处：21教育名师】
6. If I_had_studied_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )harder in school, I_could_qualify for the job now.21*cnjy*com
7. You would be much better now if you had_taken_the doctor's advice.
8. If my parents hadn't_forced_me to come, I shouldn't_be here now.
[自我总结]
1．虚拟条件句中有were，ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d，should时，可把________省略，而把were，had，should放在主语前，用倒装结构，如句子________。
2. 包含条件从句的句子称 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为条件句。条件句分为两类：一类是________，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况很可能发生，就用真实条件句， 如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用________，如句子________。
3. 通常情况下，在非真实条件句中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是________的，但有时也可能指不同的时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用________的谓语动词形式，如句子________。
答案：1．If 2
2．真实条件句 虚拟条件句 1、5
3．一致 不同 3、4、6、7、8
一、错综时间条件句
在错综时间条件句中，条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致，因此动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had listened to the doctor，you would be all right now.
如果你当初听医生的话，现在你已经好了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在)
If I were you，I would have taken her advice.
如果我是你，我就接受她的建议。(从句说明现在，主句说明过去)
二、虚拟语气的其他用法
1．It is (high/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about) time that...中的that从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语用过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should不可省略。
It is high time that we had supper.
我们该吃晚饭了。
2．It is impor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tant (necessary，essential，strange，a pity等)that...中的that从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”或“should have＋过去分词”。2-1-c-n-j-y
It is important that we (should) work hard.
我们努力工作很重要。
It is necessary that I (should)return it now.
我有必要马上把它还回去。
It is a pity that he should have failed in the exam.
他考试竟没有及格，真是遗憾。
3．与表示请求、建议、命令、要求等意义的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词相关的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，常用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。21世纪教育网版权所有
He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.
他建议我们认真做这项工作。
It is suggested that we should start before sunset.
(人们)建议我们日落前出发。
4．as if/though引导的从句用虚拟语气时，从句谓语形式：
He talked as if he had known it.
他谈起来好像已知道此事。
5．在if only引导的感叹句中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )也要求用虚拟语气，表示愿望。用一般过去时或“would/could＋动词原形”，表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望，常译为“要是…… 就好了”。【版权所有：21教育】
If only I were a flying bird!
如果我是一只飞鸟该多好啊！
If only I had seen the film!
如果我看过那部电影该多好啊！
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．He hesitated for a m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oment before kicking the ball；otherwise，he __________(score) a goal.21教育名师原创作品
2．She loves the boy as if she __________(be) his mother.
3．You ____________ (not make) such a serious mistake if you had followed my advice.
4．If I had studied hard，I __________ (win) the scholarship now.
5．If I ____________ (not catch) by something，I would have come to your party yesterday.
6．The picture exhi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bition bored me to death；I wish I __________ (go) there.
7．The teacher adv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ised us that we __________ (pay) more attention to our pronunciation.
8．If it ____________ (not be) for the help of our teacher，we should not have made so much progress.21教育网
答案：1．would have scored 2.were 3.wouldn't have made
4．would win 5.hadn't been caught 6.hadn't gone
7．(should) pay 8.had not been
二、翻译下列句子
1．要是当初你早点通知我，我就不会签那个合同了。
_______________________________________________________
答案：If you had infor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )med me earlier，I wouldn't have signed the contract.www.21-cn-jy.com
2．要是你昨天修了房子的话，房子现在就不会湿了。
_______________________________________________________
答案：Had you repaired the house yesterday，it wouldn't be wet now.
3．如果我是你，昨天就帮了那个人了。
_______________________________________________________
答案：If I were you，I would have helped the man yesterday.
4．真可惜，你没看这部电影。
_______________________________________________________
答案：It is a pity that you should have missed the film.
5．我们早该采取措施来制止污染了。
_______________________________________________________
答案：It's time that we took/should take measures to stop pollution.
三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
During the “Cultural ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Revolution”(1966－1976)，Chinese teachers (be)at the bottom of the social scale partly due to the prevalent mentality at that time where education 2.________ (see) as synonymous with counter revolution(反革命)．The teachers 3.________ (not，be)treated badly if they 4.________ (respect). Then students would not have looked on their teachers 5.________ their enemy.Education 6.________ (not，regard) as the opposite in the direction of revolution.Without “Cultural Revolution”，the education in China 7.________ (be) quite different today.Fortunately，ever since then teachers 8.________ (gain) their respect in society and education 9.________ (give) its due status in the overall national 10.________(develop) blueprint.2·1·c·n·j·y
答案：1．were 2.was seen 3.would not have been
4．had been respected 5.as 6.would not have been regarded
7．would be 8.have gained 9.has been given 10.development
四、单句改错
1．If she studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
________________________________________________________________________【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
答案：she studied→she had studied
2．We would have won if we stayed up so late the night before.
________________________________________________________________________21·cn·jy·com
答案：we stayed→we hadn't stayed
3．My suggestion is that he would go there at once.
________________________________________________________________________21·世纪*教育网
答案：would→should
4．It is time that we go to the library.
_______________________________________________________________________ 21*cnjy*com
答案：we go→we should go/go→went
5．If only I am a bird!
_______________________________________________________
答案：am→were
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第一学时 Reading and Comprehension
Air pollution
People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places. This means that cities with large populations have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many different things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dirty air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much more electricity is used in the city than in the country.
On the average, we throw away more trash and garbage than the year before, The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the around cities. The fumes from iron，steel，chemical，and petroleum production add particles to the air.
Task 1
仔细阅读课文“The Earth is Becoming Warmer —But does it Matter？”根据肯内容选出最佳选项。
1．Who found out the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997
A．Dr Janice Foster. B．Charles Keeling.
C．George Hambley. D．Sophie Armstrong.
答案：B
2. What may be the bad effects of global warming according to the passage
A．There may be a rise of several metres in the sea level.
B．There may be severe storms, floods, droughts, famines or the spread of diseases.
C．There may be the disappearance of species.
D．All of the above.
答案：D
3．The author probably agrees that ________．
A．actually global warming is good for human beings
B．we should do nothing about the global warming
C．catastrophes will happen if the globe keeps on warming
D．a lot remains to be found out about the effects of global warming
答案：D
4．Which of the statements is true
A．Natural gas is a greenhouse gas.
B．Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of burning fossil fuels.
C．We are sure of the effects of global warming now.
D．Dr Janice Foster believes that global warming will do good rather than harm to the earth.
答案：B
Task 2
再次阅读课文“The Earth is Becoming Warmer—But does it Matter？”完成下列表格。
Division Paragraph Supporting details
Part Ⅰ Para.1 How has global warming 1.________ and does it matter？
Part Ⅱ Paras.2～5 There is no doubt that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a 2.________ but natural 3.________.All scientists 4.________ the view that global warming is 5.________ the burning of fossil fuels to produce energy.More heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to 6.________．
Part Ⅲ Para.6 Dr Janice Foster thinks that any trend in which the temperature increases by 5 degrees would lead to a 7.________.George Hambley8.________ this view and believes that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. He thinks that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental 9.________.
Part Ⅳ Para.7 Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to 10.________ warming for decades or centuries.
答案：1．come about 2.random 3.phenomenon 4.subscribe to 5.due to 6.go up 7.catastrophe 8.is opposed to
9．consequences 10.keep on
Task 3
根据课文“The Earth is Becoming Warmer—But does it Matter？”在下面空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。
All scientists subscribe to the view 1.__________ it is human activity that has caused the global warming.This activity is burning fossil fuels to produce energy.As a result，a 2.__________(nature) phenomenon called the “greenhouse effect” has come 3.__________．Without this phenomenon，the earth would be about thirty three degrees Celsius 4.__________(cool) than it is.So，we need those gases.However，the global temperature 5.________(rise) when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.We know that the level of carbon dioxide have increased greatly 6.__________ the last 100 to 150 years.The attitudes of scientists 7.__________ this rise are completely different.Some think that the trend would be a catastrophe while some are 8.__________ (oppose) to this view，and 9.__________ believe that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental 10.__________．(consequence)
答案：1．that 2.natural 3.about 4.cooler 5.will rise
6．over 7.towards 8.opposed 9.they 10.consequences本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第三学时 Using Language
Reading，listening and speaking
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
仔细阅读“I've Saved the Summer”，然后根据课文内容选出最佳选项。
1．What is the rel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ationship between the poet and the person he writes to
A．Boy friend and girl friend.
B．Parents and children.
C．Doctor and patient.
D．Boss and secretary.
答案：B
2．What's the poem mainly about
A．The endless love for the young generation.
B．The sense of humour.
C．How to find your own love.
D．The value of youth.
答案：A
3．From the poem，we can infer that________．
A．the author has saved the summer
B．the child in the poem is 19 years old
C．the child in the poem has grown up with independence
D．parents still ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) offer warmth and love for their children when they need
答案：D
4．What does “own” refer to in the last line
A．Summer. B．Road.
C．Youth. D．Love.
答案：D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
? Part A Reading Aloud
模仿朗读下面一段话，并注意语音语调。
I've saved the summer
And I give⌒it⌒all to you
To hold⌒on winter mornings
When the snow is new.?
I've saved some sunlight
If you should ever need
A place⌒away from darkness
Where your mind can feed.?
And for myself/I've kept⌒your smile
When you were but nineteen，
Till you're older/you'll not know
What brave young smiles can mean.?
I know no answers
To help⌒you/on your way
The answers lie somewhere
At the bottom⌒of the day.?
But if you've⌒a need for love
I'll give you all I own
It might help⌒you down the road
Till you've found⌒your own.?
Part B Role play
情景介绍：Lucy和Jack正在谈论诗歌I've Saved the Summer。
角色：Lucy和Jack
任务：(1)请根据中文提示提出问题。
(2)请你的同学根据课文内容回答你的提问，然后你们互换角色进行口语练习。
Q1：诗歌中有哪些押韵的词？
_______________________________________________________
答案：Q1：How many rhyming words are there in the poem
A1：you，new；need，feed；nineteen，mean；way，day；own，road，own.21世纪教育网版权所有
Q2：这首诗作者是以什么身份出现的？他想写给谁？
_______________________________________________________
答案：Q2：Who is the speaker in the poem And who is he speaking to 21cnjy.com
A2：A parent.To a young adult.
Q3：当你看到这首诗时，印象最深刻的是哪一句？为什么？
_______________________________________________________
答案：Q3：While readi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng the poem，which line gives you a strong impression？Why www.21-cn-jy.com
A3：While reading the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oem，the last four lines attract me most because they perfectly convey a father's deep love to his child.
Q4：这首诗的节奏感强吗？为什么诗歌要有节奏感？
_______________________________________________________
答案：Q4：Does the poem have strong beats of rhythm？Why
A4：Yes.Becaus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e they can make poem sound beautiful while reading and they have the readers enjoy the nature beauty described and buried in the poem more easily.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Part C Retelling
请用自己的话描述这首诗，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：rhythm
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________www-2-1-cnjy-com
答案：In the poe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m，I've saved the summer，the author conveys his deep concern and love to his young child.The poem has strong beats of rhythm，which can make it sound beautiful while readers read them and have them enjoy the nature beauty described and buried in the poem easily.2-1-c-n-j-y
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1．A place away from darkness where your mind can feed.(p.14)
在那远离黑暗的地方，你的心灵会得到养料。
词语辨析：darkness；dark
两者都是不可数名词，意思比较接近。dark通常指因为没有光而造成的一种状态，表示“黑暗，无光”。
dark 还可以用作形容词，意为“黑暗的”。
darkness的意思是 “黑暗， 漆黑”，指处于一种黑暗的状态中。
即学即练
用darkness，dark填空。
(1)After the lights went out, the classroom was in complete ________．【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
(2)Some children are afraid of the ________．
(3)It was eight o'clock in the evening.All around us was in ________．21*cnjy*com
答案：(1)darkness (2)dark (3)darkness
2．And for myself I've kept your smile
When you were but nineteen( p．14)
那年你芳龄十九，我就珍藏了你的微笑。
词语链接
but 但是，不过， 仅仅
but for要不是；没有(用于虚拟语气)
can not but do sth.不得不
never...but...总是，每次都
not...but... 不是……而是……
思维拓展
观察下列各句中but的意思。
(1)London is a no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )isy place, but it is also the place where you can get the best entertainment.21教育网
伦敦是个闹市， 但是它也是能给你最好娱乐的地方。
(2)She is but in her fifties.
她不过五十多岁。
(3)His father left him nothing but debt.
除了债务，他的父亲什么也没给他留下。
(4)He never passed hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s old home but he thought of the happy time he had spent there.21·世纪*教育网
每次经过自己的旧居，他都会想起在那里度过的幸福岁月。
即学即练
翻译下列句子。
(1)别骂他，他不过是个小学生罢了。
_______________________________________________________
答案：(1)Don't scold him.He is but a pupil.
(2)他们每次见面都讨论学习问题。
_______________________________________________________
答案：(2)They never meet but they discuss study problem.
3．The answers lie somewhere
At the bottom of the day (p.14)
办法也许就在某处：在白天结束的那个时辰。
词语链接
lie vi. (lie－lay－lain－lying)此处表示“存在，在于”。
vi.躺，卧；(某物)平放在某物之上，在某处；位于
vi. 说谎(lie－lied－lied－lying)
n．谎言
思维拓展
观察下列句中画线词的形式和意义。
(1)His success lies_in his diligence.(动词)
他的成功在于他的勤奋。
(2)It is comfort ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )able lying on the grass enjoying the sunshine.(真正主语，动名词)【出处：21教育名师】
躺在草地上享受阳光的抚摸真是惬意。
(3)As he often lies,_no one will believe him any longer.(不及物动词)21教育名师原创作品
由于他经常撒谎，人们再也不相信他了。
(4)He told a_lie tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t he was ill and didn't attend school this morning.(名词)2·1·c·n·j·y
他撒谎说病了，今天上午没有上学。
即学即练
用lie的适当形式填空。
(1)He felt sorry because he________to her again.
(2)When he came back，she________in bed for an hour.
(3)You________！I won't believe you.
(4)He found Jane________on the ground when he opened the door.21·cn·jy·com
答案：(1)had lied (2)had lain (3)are lying (4)lying
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、单词拼写
1．If you are lost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the wood, it's very handy to have a ________ (指南针) with you. 21*cnjy*com
2．Most players dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eam of winning a ________(冠军称号) of Olympic games in their lives.
3．He is a very famous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________(小提琴演奏者) in our city. Many students take lessons from him.
4．________(背着)wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h the necessities, we made it convenient for our travel.
5．He bent his face ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) down to the fire, seeking comfort from its ________(温暖)．
答案：1．compass 2.championship 3.violinist 4.Loaded
5．warmth
二、词语运用
选择正确的短语填空，注意其形式。
take it easy，m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade up of，let out，run out of，try out，take one's eyes off，in particular
1．__________！Things aren't that bad，are they
2．Her skirt looks so nice on her that I just can't ________．
3．This book is __________different articles.
4．We are __________ our money soon.
5．The whole meal was good but the wine __________ was excellent.
答案：1．Take it easy 2.take my eyes off 3.made up of
4．running out of 5.in particular
三、运用所的学语言基础知识，完成下列短文
Participa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts are making full 1.____________(……的准备) it in order to behave better at the speech. Some practice at noon without rest; others do before they have evening class. 2.____________ (使每个人感到高兴的是), all the participants 3.____________ (以积极的态度对待) the contest. They say they will 4.____________(特别) pay attention to the intonation because they think while making a speech, intonation will surely 5____________ (表达他们的感情). In a word, they 6.____________ (代表) the best English level of the whole school and we believe that they will give wonderful performance. It's believed that the contest will make students more enthusiastic about learning English.【版权所有：21教育】
答案：1．preparations for 2.To everyone's delight
3．show positive attitude towards
4．in particular
5．convey their feelings 6.stand for
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第二学时 Learning about Language
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、回忆课文，写出下列短语
1．巧合地______________
2．大量______________
3．一方面……另一方面……______________
4．全神贯注______________
5．脱离，摆脱______________
答案：1．by coincidence 2.a great deal
3．on the one hand...on the other hand...
4．concentrate on
5．break away from
二、回忆课文，完成句子
1．但是，很显然在13世纪时，那些观念发生了变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
But __________________ ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
2．他们出价聘请著名的艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。
They paid famous art ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ists to paint pictures of themselves，their houses and possessions____________their activities and achievements.
3．在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。
________________ who broke away from the traditional style of painting __________the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.
4.印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。
The Impressionists wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e________________________________________________________________________.
5.在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在着争议的，但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。
At the time the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial，but today they are accepted as the beginning of________________________________________________________________________.
答案：1．it was evident that 2.as well as
3．Among the painters；were
4．the first painters to work outdoors
5．what we call “modern art”
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1．On the one hand, some modern art is abstract...(p.3)
词语链接
abstract adj.抽象的
n．摘要，文摘，抽象 vt.摘要，提炼
abstractly adv.抽象地；难理解地
abstractness n. 抽象
abstracted adj.分心地；心不在焉地
abstract thinking 抽象思维
abstract science 理论科学
abstract noun 抽象名词
abstract mathematics 理论数学
in the abstract 理论上
abstract concept 抽象概念
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)Truth is______________(抽象名词)．
(2)I'd like to see a show of______________(抽象画)．
(3)Can you make ____________(这个抽象的想法) more clear
(4)Your theory so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unds reasonable ______________(理论上)．However, we don't think it's practical.21世纪教育网版权所有
答案：(1)an abstract noun (2)abstract paintings
(3)the abstract ideas (4)in the abstract
2．Have you eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r wished you could paint as well as a professional artist (p.1)
你有没有希望过和专业艺术家画得一样好呢？
词语链接
wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事
wish to do sth.希望做某事
wish sb.sth.祝愿某人……
How I wish that 希望……(从句要用虚拟语气)
即学即练
A．完成下列句子。
(1)I do not wish __________________(一个人过星期天)．
(2)I wish you ______________(事事顺利) in the future.
(3)I wish today ______________(是我的生日)．
(4)He wishes that he______________(买得起)a new car.
答案：A.(1)to be alone on Sundays (2)every success
(3)were my birthday (4)could afford
词语辨析： wish；hope
wish与hope都可以跟不定式，但wish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to do sth.比较正式，口气也比较强烈，而hope to do sth.所表达的愿望是最容易实现的。wish之后则跟含有不定式的复合宾语(wish sb.to do sth.)，而hope不能。hope之后的宾语从句， 谓语用陈述语气的一般将来时或一般现在时，表达可以实现的愿望；wish之后的宾语从句的谓语动词则只能用虚拟语气，表达无法实现的愿望或对他人美好的祝愿。wish可跟双宾语，而hope不能。如：
I wish you good luck! 祝你好运！
She wished to study abroad after she graduated from middle school.
她希望中学毕业后可以去国外学习。
I hope to find you in better health when we meet again.
我希望我们重逢时，你的身体状况会更好。
I wish I had not gone out; I do not like this kind of weather.
真希望我没有外出，我不喜欢这种天气。
I hope all of my stud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents will make a difference for themselves in the coming year.
我希望我所有的学生在新的一年里取得重大进步。
即学即练
B．用wish, hope填空。
(1)Jane's parents ________ her to become an engineer in the near future.21cnjy.com
(2)Jane's paren ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts ________that she can become an engineer in the near future.
(3)Painters in the Mid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dle Ages ________to paint religious scenes in a more realistic style.
(4)We ________ each other the best of luck.
(5)I wrote a letter to John ________ him a happy birthday.
(6)I had to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )end another e mail to my manager，________she could forgive me for my fault.
答案：(1)wish (2)hope (3)wished/hoped
(4)wished (5)wishing (6)hoping
3．Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.(p.1)
艺术受到社会风俗及人们信仰的影响。
influence作及物动词或者名词，表示“影响，对……产生影响”。
思维拓展
观察下列句中influence的用法。
(1)What the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rofessor said at the meeting influenced_everyone_present．21教育网
教授在会上的发言影响到了每个与会者。(influence作动词)
(2)We can never ig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nore the influence of the climate on agricultural production.2-1-c-n-j-y
我们不能忽视气候对农业生产的影响。(influence作名词)
词语辨析：influence；affect；effect
affect通常指有形的力量造成的物质或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生理的影响，尤其是不良的影响。而influence通常指无形力量所造成的“潜移默化的”，或“持久的影响”，或“重要的影响”，尤指感情或态度上的影响。可以说influence sb.to do sth.，但不能说affect sb.to do sth.。effect只用作名词，不能在句中充当谓语。如：
The climate affected his health.
气候影响他的健康。(不能用influenced代替)
Children are easily influenced by their peers.
孩子很容易受同辈影响。
即学即练
A．用influence，affect, effect填空。
(1)What parents d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o will ________their children and as a result, some children will try to imitate what his or her parents do.
(2)Staying awake ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is useless, which will ________ one's health day by day.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
(3)The style o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f his paintings ________by his father, a famous artist in his hometown.
(4)What the repo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rter said in the meeting had a great____on the audience present.
(5)Playing computer games ________children's study and their life.
答案：A.(1)influence (2)affect (3)is influenced
(4)effect/influence (5)affects/influences
词语链接
faith/belief n．信仰， 信心，相信， 信任
have faith in对……有信心
hold the belief that...坚信
lose faith in对……失去信心
即学即练
B．完成下列句子。
(1)He acted in accordance with ______________(坚定的信念)．
(2)The public______________(对……失去信心) the present day government.
(3)I ______________(对你充满信心), and I know you'll do a good job.
(4)People________________(来自不同信仰)are welcome.
答案：B．(1)his strongly held faith (2)has lost faith in
(3)have great faith in you
(4)from different faiths/beliefs
4．Consequently，thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s text will describe only the most important ones，starting from the sixth century AD.(p.1)
因此，本文只谈从6世纪以来最重要的艺术风格。
词语链接
consequence n. 后果， 结果
consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的
consequently adv.因此，结果
as a consequence(＝as a result) 结果；因此
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)They were poor, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) __________(因而) unable to meet their own engagements(偿还债务)．
(2)The rain was heavy，and ______________________(所以路被淹没了)．
(3)This decision ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )could have ______________(严重的后果) for the future of the education.
(4)I missed the train.______________(结果), I was late for work.
答案：(1)consequently
(2)consequently the road was flooded
(3)serious consequences
(4)As a consequence/Consequently
5．During the Middl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.(p.2)www.21-cn-jy.com
在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
词语链接
aim n．目标
v．瞄准
aimless adj.漫无目的的
aimlessly adv.漫无目的地
achieve one's aim 达到目的
miss one's aim 打不中，达不到目的
aim to do sth.计划做某事，力求做某事
aim at 向……瞄准
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)我人生的目标是要当警察。
My ________ in life is to become a policeman.
(2)这个男孩用石块瞄准小鸟准备打去。
The boy ________ a stone ________ the bird.
(3)他计划明年进大学。
He ________ go to university next year.
答案：(1)aim (2)aimed；at (3)aims to
6．During the Rena ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )issance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.(p.2)21教育名师原创作品
在文艺复兴时期，新的想法和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期的想法和价值观。
词语链接
value n．有价值，有作用，有用
v．看重，珍惜
valuables n．有价值的东西， 值钱的东西
valuable adj.有价值的， 珍贵的， 宝贵的
invaluable adj.极有用的，宝贵的，无价的
valueless adj.无价值的，一文不值的
be of value 有价值
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)You will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )find this map ________(非常有用) in helping you to get round London.
(2)She bought the jewel for less than_________(它的价值)．
(3)After she was set free, she ____________(珍惜自己的自由) very much.www-2-1-cnjy-com
(4)I shall always ____________(珍视你的友谊)．
(5)She keeps her jewels, money, and other ________(贵重物品) in the bank.
答案：(1)very valuable (2)its value (3)valued her freedom
(4)value your friendship (5)valuables
7．People bega ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.(p.2)
人们对宗教的注意相对减少，用更人性的态度对待生活。
词语链接
concentrate vi.& vt.(使)特别注意，集中注意力于
concentrate on 集中
concentrate one's attention on 集中精神于
即学即练
A．完成下列句子。
(1)He is __________________(太累了无法集中精神) today.
(2)He found it h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard __________________(把思想集中) on one thing for longer than five minutes.21·cn·jy·com
答案：.A.(1)too tired to concentrate at all
(2)to concentrate his thoughts
词语链接
adopt v．采取，采纳；领养，收养
adopted adj.领养的
adoption n．领养，采纳
即学即练
B．完成下列句子。
(1)总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。
After much delibe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ration，the president decided to __________ her suggestion.
(2)克恩先生将那收养的孤儿视为亲生儿子。
Mr. Kern looked on the ________ orphan as his own son.
(3)经过讨论，议事日程获得通过。
The agenda ____________ after some discussion.
答案：B．(1)adopt (2)adopted (3)was adopted
8．They paid famous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.(p.2)
他们出价聘请著名的艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。
possession作不可数名词时，表示“拥有，持有，占有权”(尤指贵重物品、信息等); 作可数名词时，表示“拥有的东西，所有物，财产”。
Does the possession of wealth really bring happiness
拥有财富就会快乐吗？
Please move all your possessions out of my room.
请把你的东西通通搬出我的房间。
词语链接
possess v．占有，拥有；具有
possession n．所有； 财产；拥有；占有
be in possession of sth.拥有某物
be in the possession of 某物为某人拥有
come into possession of 得到/继承某物
take possession of sth. 拿到；占领
to gain possession of sth. 获得，捕获，得到占有权
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)He is ____________________(拥有那栋房子)．
(2)The house __________________(为他所有)．
(3)Having been ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eated by that company, he lost all his ______________(财产)．21·世纪*教育网
(4)On his father's death，he ______________ (继承)a vast fortune. 21*cnjy*com
(5)After three days of fierce fight, we ______________(占领)the city.
答案：(1)in possession of the house
(2)is in his possession (3)possessions
(4)came into possession of (5)took possession of
9．When people first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.(p.2)
当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们都确信自己是透过墙上的一个洞在看一个真实的场景。
词语链接
convinced adj.虔诚的
convince sb.＋ that clause 使相信
convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
be convinced of sth.相信某事
convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The man tried to ________________________(让法官相信他是无罪的)．【出处：21教育名师】
(2)He __________________(使我相信问题) he was faced with.
(3)We ____________________(说服了室友骑自行车去) rather than by bus.
(4)They __________(相信) of his honesty.
答案：(1)convince the judge that he was innocent
(2)convinced me of the problems
(3)convinced our roommates to go by bike
(4)were convinced
10．On the one ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them.(p.3)
一方面， 一些现代艺术画是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不想把物体画得跟我们亲眼看到的那样，而是利用色彩、线条、形状来集中表现物体的某些特性。
词语链接
attempt sth.企图/试图(做某事)
attempt to do sth.企图/试图(做某事)
attempt doing sth.尝试做某事
in an attempt to do sth.企图/试图/尝试做某事(可数名词)
make no attempt to do sth.没有做某事的企图
make an attempt on sb.'s life 企图谋杀某人
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)He __________________(尝试做一件几乎不可能的事情) and brought it off(取得了成功)．
(2)I __________________(曾经想继续学业) in the university，but I could not.
(3)She __________________(试着呼救) but (she) failed.
(4)They __________________(没有尝试逃跑)．
(5)Someone has __________________(企图谋杀总统)．
答案：(1)attempted the almost impossible
(2)attempted to go on with my study
(3)attempted shouting for help
(4)made no attempt at escaping (to escape)
(5)made an attempt on the President's life
11．Who can p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )redict what painting styles there will be in the future？(p.3)
谁能预测将来会有什么绘画风格呢。
词语辨析：in the future；in future
in the future指在将来的某一时刻。
in future指从今以后的全部将来。
即学即练
选用上述词语填空。
(1)I hope you will b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e more careful____________ about the things you say.
(2)____________，travelling abroad will be easier.
答案：(1)in future (2)In the future
12．a great deal＝much；a lot
(1)用作名词，表示“许多，大量”。
I have learnt a great deal from my visit here.
在这里参观我学到了很多。
(2)用作副词，表示“非常……得多”。
I was a great deal surprised.
我非常惊讶。
He ran a great deal faster than I.
他跑得比我快得多。
13．长难句结构分析
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
如果没有发现透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。
这是一个复合句。If引导条件状语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句，后半部分是主句。全句用了虚拟语气，因为从句是对过去发生的事情的假设，所以要特别关注从句和主句的动词形式。21*cnjy*com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。
这是一个复合句。主句Among ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the painters were the Impressionists是倒装句，who broke away from the traditional style of painting是定语从句，修饰painters；who lived and worked in Paris是定语从句，修饰Impressionists。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
即学即练
模仿造句，并分析句子成分。
(1)假如你提前准备好了你的发言，你会成功得到这份工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2·1·c·n·j·y
(2)在上海参加会议的科学家们，有两位世界闻名的来自加拿大的(著名)物理学家。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)
.)
(2) .,)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．We found him ________ (faith) to his friend.
2．This is a ________(typically) American response.
3．Nobody believ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed his ________(predict) then but later it turned out to be true.【版权所有：21教育】
4．These are the characteristics of modern ____________(civilize)．
5．The woman felt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that her life was ________ (aim) after her children left home.
答案：1．faithful 2.typical 3.prediction 4.civilization 5.aimless
二、词语活用
1．用adopt完成下列小段落。
The old man (1)________ three children.Now his (2)________ son is a famous singer.His two (3)________ daughters have entered a famous university.The three said they thanked the old man for (4)________ them and his (5)________ made a great difference to their life.
答案：(1)has adopted (2)adopted (3)adopted
(4)adopting (5)adoption
2．用take possession of，in one's possession完成下列小段落。
He (1) ____________________ (夺去了大量珠宝)from Mr. White，so (2) ____________________ (他拥有了很多财富)．However，he later found (3) ____________ (拥有财富) didn't bring happiness.So he sold (4) ____________ (所有的财富) and went to the country to live a simple life.
答案：(1)took possession of a lot of jewels
(2)he had possession of a lot of wealth
(3)the possession of wealth
(4)all his possessions
3．用convincing, conv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inced, be convinced that, convince sb.to do sth., convince sb.of sth.等词语自编一个小段落。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Cathy used ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to laugh at her husband, Tony, a convinced Christian.Later, Tony tried every means to convince Cathy that it was God that determined everything.He also convinced her to believe in God.That is, he convinced her of the power of the God.In the end, Cathy was completely convinced that what Tony said was convincing.
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Art ________(influence) by the customs and faith of a people.
2．This book ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )focuses on the ancient history of China, ________(start) from 2000 B．C.
3．When I first met h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )im, I ________(convince) that he was the person right for this work.
4．Millions of peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ________ (throw) out of work due to the global economic depression.
5．At the time they ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________(create), the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they ________(accept) as the beginning of what call “modern art”．
6．His father die ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d in 1915, ________(leave) him three famous paintings and a collection of coins.
7．He said he ________(value) your friendship very much.
8．The museum ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )covers more than 5，000 years of civilization from many parts of the world, ________(include) France and America.
答案：1．is influenced 2.starting 3.was convinced
4．have been thrown
5．were created；are accepted 6.leaving 7.valued
8．including
四、运用括号内的词组， 将下列句子译成英语
1. 由于巧合， 类似货物也正在本地市场出现。( by coincidence)
________________________________________________________________________【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
答案：By coincidence, similar goods are offering in this market.
2. 锻炼身体对增进健康大有益处。(a great deal)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Exercising the body does a great deal to improve one's health.
3. 一方面我羡慕他的才华， 而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。(on the one hand...on the other hand)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：On the one hand I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgment.
4. 前几天我在展览会上看见了她。(on exhibition)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is previous I have seen her on exhibition several days before.
5．你必须革除这样的坏习惯。(break away from)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：You must break away from such bad habits.
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第一学时 Reading and Comprehension
Mount Kilauea
Mount Kilauea，the world's most active volcano，is on the island of Hawaii.It is not far from Manua Loa，the largest volcano in the world.Mauna Loa and Mount Kilauea together form the Volcanoes National Park in Hawaii.
Mount Kilauea has produced lava more than fifty times in the last one hundred years. Sometimes the lava moves slowly. At other times it pours out very fast as a huge amount of presure forces it from the volcano. During these times，it moves almost as quickly as water moving down the side of mountain. Sometimes Mount Kilauea produces a large amount of lava that seems like rivers of fire. When the lava from Mount Kilauea reaches the ocean，its fierce heat produces a great amount of steam that rises into the air. The lava is so hot that it continues to burn underwater for some time. The lava from Mount Kilauea continues to add land to the island as the volcanoes of Hawaii have always done. It was these volcanoes that formed the islands of Hawaii. Most of the time the lava of Mount Kilauea seems to move peacefully toward the ocean. Yet it is not as peaceful as it seems from a distance.
Task 1
仔细阅读课文“An Exciting Job”，根据课文内容选出最佳选项。
1．The writer doesn't mind the occasional danger of his job because ________．
A．he travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the world
B．he likes the different ways of working
C．he thinks his job is the most important
D．he is excited about danger and feels alive
答案：D
2．As a result of the writer's job, ________．
A．other scientists predict the progress of lava from the volcano
B．many people have been warned to move their homes
C．the eruption causes less damage
D．the volcano may be prevented from breaking out
答案：A
3．What did the writer feel and see in his first sight of an eruption
A．His bed began shaking and he heard a strange sound.
B．His bedroom was as bright as day.
C．Red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the sky.
D．All of the above.
答案：D
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．An eruption occurred in Hawaii.
B．A volcanologist's job is exciting.
C．A volcanologist's exciting job and his first sight of a volcano eruption.
D．A sight of an eruption is horrible.
答案：C
Task 2
再次阅读课文“An Exciting Job”，完成下列表格。
Division Main idea Detailed facts
Para.1 The writer expresses his love for his job and why he loves it. I travel to unusual places and work 1.________ people from all over the world.
Para.2 The writer describes his job and its importance. I was 2.________ as a volcanologist working for HVO.My job is collecting information for a 3.________.Our work has saved many lives，but many houses have been covered with lava or 4.________.
Para.3 The writer describes his first sight of a volcano eruption. The lava flows down the mountain like a 5.________.There had been an eruption and red hot lava was 6.________ hundreds of metres into the air.It was an 7.________ fantastic sight.
Para.4 The writer describes his first closer look at the crater. We had white protective 8.________ that covered our whole body.We slowly 9.________ to the edge of the crater.
Para.5 The writer states again his love for his job and volcanoes. Having studied volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their 10.________ to cause great damage.
答案： 1．alongside 2.appointed 3.database 4.burned to the ground 5.wave 6.fountaining 7.absolutely 8.suits
9．made our way 10.potential
Task 3
根据课文“An Exciting Job”，在下面空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。
I'm a volcanologist.I travel to unusual places and meet interesting people from all over the world，but I' m never bored.
Having collected and 1.__________(evaluate) the information of volcanoes，I help other scientists to predict the information 2.________volcanoes，but unfortunately，we cannot move people's homes 3.__________ of the way，and many houses have been covered with lava or 4.__________ (burn) to the ground.
I'll never forget my first sight of 5.____________eruption—red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air，6.__________was an absolutely fantastic sight.Our scientists wore special clothes and slowly made 7.__________way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，8.__________(boil) centre.
I am still 9.__________(amaze) at volcanoes' beauty as well 10.__________their potential to cause great damage.
答案：1．evaluated 2.about 3.out 4.burned 5.an 6.which 7.our 8.boiling 9.amazed 10.as第四学时 Grammar
[观察领悟]
观察领悟下列句子，注意“it”的用法。
1．It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under a big tree at the end of the garden.
2．It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
3．It's my birthday in two weeks' time and I'll be 82 years old!
4．...and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.
5．Believe me，I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.
6．This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
7．I was addicted in all three ways，so it was very difficult to quit.
8. It is not easy to stop smoking.
[自我总结]
1．it用于指时间、距离和自然现象等，如句子__________。
2．it用作形式主语，代替动词不定式，动名词或从句，如句子____________。
3．it作形式宾语 ，如句子____________。
4．it用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情，如句子__________。
答案：1．1、3 2.2、5、7、8 3.4 4.6
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情，没有性别的区分；可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，在句子中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语。
1．指动物和植物。
Look at that bird. It always comes to my window.
看看那只鸟。它总是飞到我的窗前来。
2．指代无生命的东西。
This is my watch. It's made in Switzerland.
这是我的手表。它是瑞士产的。
3．代替上文提到过的整个事情。
Well，you mustn't play on the road. It's dangerous!
哦，你不能在马路上玩。这是危险的！
二、用于指代人
1．指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。
—Who is knocking at the door
—It's me.
——谁在敲门？
——是我。
2．指说话者心目中的那个人。
—Look，someone is coming. Who can it be
—It may be the headmaster.
——看，有人过来了。他可能是谁呢？
——可能是校长。
3．在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。
—Who's that
—Is it Helen
—Yes，I think you're right. It's Helen.
——那人是谁？
——是海伦吗？
——是的，我想你说对了，是海伦。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等
1．表示时间。
—What's the date
—It's the third of March.
——今天是几月几日？
——今天是3月3日。
2．表示距离。
It's only five minutes' walk from here.
离这儿仅有五分钟步行的路程。
3．表示自然现象。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
4．表示环境、形势等。
If it's convenient，I can see you tomorrow.
如果方便的话，我明天能见到你。
四、用作形式主语，代替动词不定式，动名词或从句
1．It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain...) that...该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚(显然，真的，可能，肯定……)”。
It is very clear that he doesn't like it.＝That he doesn't like it is very clear.
很清楚他不喜欢它。
2．It is said (reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped...) that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说(据报道，据悉……)”。
It is reported that another satellite has been put into orbit.
据报道又一颗卫星被送入轨道。
3．It is time (about time，high time) that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是从句的谓语动词常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should＋动词原形，should不能省，常译为“是(正是)……的时候了”。
It is time that children should go to bed.＝It is time that children went to bed.
孩子们该睡了。
4．It is the first (second...) time that...该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this/that替换，常译为“是第一(二)……次做……”。
It is the first time I have been here.
这是我第一次到这里来。
5．It is a pity (a shame/an honour/a good thing/a fact/a surprise/...) that...该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should＋动词原形)，should可省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill.
他生病了，真遗憾！
6．It happens (seems，looks，appears) that...该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen，seem等词是不及物动词。
It seems that he will be back in a few days.
看来他再过几天才能回来。
7．It be＋adj.(kind，nice，brave，clever，stupid...) of sb.＋to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语由of引起，句中的形容词必须是表示逻辑主语特征的形容词(即句中的形容词是修饰逻辑主语的)。常见的形容词有bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good(好心的)，honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice，polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong等。这个句型可以转换为：sb.is＋adj.＋to do sth.
It is kind of you to say so.＝You are kind to say so.
你这么说真是太善良了。
8．It be＋adj.(difficult，easy，hard，important) for sb.to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型。不定式的逻辑主语由for引起，形容词常表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况(即句中的形容词是修饰动词不定式的)。常见的形容词有important，necessary，natural等；easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，impossible，pleasant等。
It is important for her to come to the party.＝It is important that she (should) come to the party.
对她来说，参加这次聚会很重要。
9．It takes sb.some time to do sth.
做某事要花费某人一些时间。
It took me five days to solve the problem.
解决这个问题花了我五天时间。
10．It costs sb.some money to do sth.
做某事要花费某人一些钱。
It will cost my father five thousand yuan to buy such a computer.
买这台电脑花了我父亲5 000元。
11．It's up to sb.to do sth.应由某人(负责)做……
It is up to you to decide whether to take the job or not.
做不做这份工作由你决定。
12．It's useless/(of) no use/(of) no good doing sth.
该句型常译为“做……也是徒然的/没有益处的”，句中的动名词短语是真正的主语，表语可以是no use(＝not any use)，no good(＝not any good)等。
It's no use arguing with her.
跟她争论没有用。
五、作形式宾语
1．用于 “主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语” 句型中：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，常使用it作形式宾语，而往往把真正的宾语——不定式、动名词或宾语从句置于补足语之后。
I think it important that we should keep calm.
我认为我们应该保持安静，这很重要。
I feel it my duty that I should devote myself to teaching.
我感到致力于教学是我的责任。
I make it a rule that I read English every morning.
每天早晨读英语是我的习惯。
2．用于“主语＋及物动词＋宾语”句型中：有些动词或短语动词不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，需要在从句前先加上形式宾语it。
(1)appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按时到达，成功)，have(表明，坚持说)，take(认为，猜想)，hide(隐瞒)，publish(公布)，put(表达，写出来)等。
I take it that you will be leaving Shanghai soon.
我认为你会很快离开上海。
The report has it that no one was to blame for the accident.
报告表明没有人要对这次事故负责。
We published it that we had finished the project ahead of time.
我们宣布我们已提前竣工了。
(2)answer for(承担……的后果)，count on(期待)，depend on(依靠)，insist on(坚持主张，坚决要求)，see to(确保)等。
I am counting on it that you will come.
我期待你会来。
一、同义句转换(用it改写句子)
1．To know your limitations is important.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： It is important to know your limitations.
2．Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good.
3.How many people are to come is still a question.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： It is still a question how many people are to come.
4．What he meant was clear enough.
_______________________________________________________________________
答案： It was clear enough what he meant.
5．The harvest happened to be bad that year.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： It happened that the harvest was bad that year.
6．People say that there has been an earthquake in Japan.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： It is said that there has been an earthquake in Japan.
7．That he is still alive is a wonder.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： It is a wonder that he is still alive.
8．To do that is against the law.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is against the law to do that.
二、翻译下列句子
1．我们买了一所新房子但搬进去之前还需要很多工作。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：We bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before we can move in.
2．从我的学校到医院(距离)很远。
_______________________________________________________________________
答案：It is a long way from my school to the hospital.
3．寻找回家的路不容易。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：It won't be easy finding our way home.
4．我感到致力于教学是我的责任。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I feel it my duty that I should devote myself to teaching.
5．报告表明没有人要对这次意外负责。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The report has it that no one was to blame for the accident.
三、语法填空
The best place for a summer holiday is the seaside.Some children are lucky enough to live near the sea，but for the others who do not，1.________ week or two at one of the biggest seaside towns is 2.________they will talk about for the whole of the 3.________ (follow) year.
In England，it is not only the rich 4.________ can take their children to the seaside；if a factory worker or a bus driver，a street cleaner or a waiter (want) to take his wife and children to Southend or Margate，he is usually quite able to do so.Now，6.________ is it that children like so much about the seaside？I think it is the sand，the sea and the sun more than any other things.Of course，there are lots of exciting things 7.________(see)，and to do，but it is the feeling of sand under feet，of salt water on one's skin，and of the warm sun on one's back 9.________ makes the seaside what is!
1.解析： a week or two一两个星期。
答案：a
2．that 3.following 4.who 5.wants 6.what
7．解析：不定式作后置定语与后面的to do并列。
答案：to see
8．one's
9．解析：这是强调句型it is...that...
答案：that
10．it
四、单句改错
1. Susan made this clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：this→it
2. I'd appreciate you if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：you→it
3. An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making one the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：one→it
4. The two girls are so alike that strangers find that difficult to tell one from the other.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：that→it
5. They are good friends. There is no wonder that they know each other so well.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：There→It第四学时 Grammar
[观察领悟]
观察领悟下列句子，注意“it”的用法。
1._It_was John who_/_that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.
2._It_was an old bike_that John bought yesterday in a marketplace.
3. It_was yesterday that John bought an old bike in a marketplace.
4. It_was in a marketplace that_John bought an old bike yesterday.
5._It_was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.
6._Was_it_during the Second World War_that he died
7. Was_it last year that you got the degree
8. Where was_it that you met Tom yesterday
[自我总结]
在英语中，我们常用“It is/was ... who/ that ...”句型来强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子的________、________或________， 但不能是句子的谓语)。在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，只是引出________的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用________或________来连接都可以。如果是其他成分，则一律用________来连接。
答案：主语；宾语；状语；被强调；who; that；that
一、it用于构成强调句式
要强调一个句子中除谓语以外的句子成分(如主语、宾语、状语等)。可以使用“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”这一句式。如：
Leo began to teach us English two years ago.
It was Leo who/that began to teach us English two years ago.(强调主语)
It was English that Leo began to teach us two years ago.(强调宾语)
It was two years ago that Leo began to teach us English.(强调时间状语)
注意：(1)强调句子的主语。
句子的主语结构设置复杂，有接不定式作定语的，有接定语从句作定语的，还有使用主语从句、并列结构或同位语结构的，这些会干扰学生的解题思路，但只要抓住了句子的主干，问题也就迎刃而解了。如：
It was what he did that made his parents upset.
It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you are that matters.
It is not where someone comes from and what a person looks like that is important but what he grows up to be.
说明：强调某人时，可以用who代替that，that(who)后面的谓语动词要和被强调部分的主语部分在语法上保持一致。如：
It is I who am responsible for this case.
(2)强调句子中的时间、地点、方式等状语。
这些状语可以是状语从句，介词短语或介词短语中的名词后再接定语从句等。如：
It was because it was raining hard that I was late for school.
It was not until I arrived there that I began to know something about the matter.
It was in the very house that was built with stones that he spent his childhood.
(3)强调句的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式。
一般疑问句式：Is/was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？如：
Was it Leo that/who began to teach you English two years ago
Is it in your school that the famous professor will make a speech
特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分？
Who was it that began to teach you English two years ago
What subject was it that Leo began to teach you two years ago
When was it that Leo began to teach you English
Where is it that the famous professor will make a speech
说明：上述疑问句式可以用作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。如：
I just wonder whether it was Leo that/who began to teach you English two years ago.
The question is who it was that began to teach you English two years ago.
I don't know what subject it was that Leo began to teach you two years ago.
I haven't the slightest idea when it was that Leo began to teach you English.
二、not...until...句型的强调句式
句型为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分
普通句式：The little boy didn't go to bed until/till his mother came back.
强调句式：It was not until his mother came back that the little boy went to bed.
说明：此句型只能使用until，不能用till。如果不使用强调句式，till与until一般可通用；因为“It is/was not...”已经是否定句了，that后面的部分要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句。
三、it引起的关于时间的容易混淆的句型
1．It＋is/has been/was＋一段时间＋since从句。
该句型常译为“自从……以来已经一段时间了”。若since引导的从句使用一般过去式，主句中的时态要使用一般现在时或现在完成时；如果从句使用过去完成时态，主句中则使用一般过去时(was)；此时，从句中的谓语动词要使用非延续性动词。如：
It is many years since he left his hometown.
他离开家乡许多年了。
It has been three years since I began to stay in Beijing.
我在北京已经待了三年了。
比较：It has been three years since I stayed in Beijing.
我离开北京已经三年了。
2．It＋was/will be＋一段时间＋before从句。
该句型中的时间常为long，a long time，years，months，weeks，days，hours，minutes等时间段。如果主句中的谓语动词使用肯定式，常译为“过了一段时间才……/要过一段时间才能……”；若使用否定式，常译为“没过一段时间就……/用不了一段时间就会……”或“不久就……/不久就会……”。主句的时态可以使用过去时was或将来时will be，用is时，before从句常使用一般现在时表示将来。如：
It was long before the police arrived.
过了很久警察才来。
It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.
没过多久她就记住了那些诗歌。
It will be three days before he makes a decision.
要过三天他才能作出决定。
It will not be hours before we meet again.
要不了几个小时我们就会再见面的。
3．It＋is/was＋time＋that从句。
该句型常译为“(正)是……的时候了”，可与It's time for sb. to do sth.进行转换，属于虚拟语气结构。不管主句中使用is还是was(多用is)，that从句都必须使用动词的过去式或“should＋动词原形”，time前可用about或high修饰，以加强语气。如：
It is time (that) we handed in our exercises.
是我们上交作业的时候了。
It is high time that we should get started.
是我们开始的时候了。
4．It＋is/was＋the first/second/...time＋that从句。
该句型常译为“这是第一次/第二次/……做……”。主句中的it可以替换为this或that。如果主句使用一般现在时is，从句要使用现在完成时；如果主句使用一般过去时was，从句则使用过去完成时。如：
This is the first time (that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
这是欧洲人第一次参观长城。
一、按要求对画线部分进行强调
held .,)
1．(强调主语)_____________ ___________________________________________
答案：It was all the members that held a meeting in the company last night.
2．(强调宾语)________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was a meeting that all the members held in the company last night.
3．(强调地点状语)________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was in the company that all the members held a meeting last night.
4．(强调时间状语)________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was last night that all the members held a meeting in the company.
5．(对地点状语提问然后变成特殊疑问句的强调句式)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Where did all the members hold a meeting last night
Where was it that all the members held a meeting last night
6．(对时间状语提问然后变成特殊疑问句的强调句式)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：When did all the members hold a meeting in the company
When was it that all the members held a meeting in the company
二、用适当的关联词或代词填空
1．________is not________is right but________is right ________ is of importance.
2．It is in the school________I came across my old classmates.
3.The school________I visited yesterday looks splendid.
4．The school________he studied in middle school attracts many excellent students every year.
5．The fact________he has passed in the English exam cheers everyone up.
6．He wanted to know________ ________was ________made his parents so excited.
答案：1．It；who；what；that
2．that
3．that；which；不填
4．where；in/at which
5．that
6．what；it；that
三、判断下列句子是否是强调句型，并用适当词填空
1．(1)It was ten o'clock ________ he came back.
(2)It was at ten o'clock ________ he came back.
(3)It has been ten days ________ I saw him last time.
2．(1)It is on the farm ________ we practise flying kites.
(2)It is the farm ________ we practise flying kites.
3．(1)It was three years ____________ he came back from abroad.
(2)It was three years ago ____________ he went abroad for further study.
答案：1．(1)when (2)that (3) since
2．(1)that (2)where
3．(1)before (2)that
四、翻译下列句子
1．如果你爸爸发现你做那件事，你会受责备的。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：You will catch it if your father finds you are doing that.
2．成败与否，我们都要坚持到底。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Win or lose，we' ll stick it out.
3．要是她迟到，我也没办法，不是吗？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I can't help it if she is late，can I
4．我老对他发火，就是控制不了自己。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I always get angry with him，I just can't help it.
5．在演艺界中达到顶峰很难。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：It's hard to make it to the top in show business.
五、单句改错
1．Why! I have nothing to confess. What it is that you want me to say
________________________________________________________________________
答案：it is→is it
2．It was a white man that the black men were speaking.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：speaking→speaking to
3．It was on the coast where lots of people disappeared.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：where→that
4．It was not until you told me just now did I know the answer.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：did→that
5．As a matter of fact，that is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：that→it第二学时 Learning about Language
一、回忆课文，写出下列短语
1．同意，赞成；订购________________________
2．上升，增长；升起________________________
3．发生；造成________________________
4．即使________________________
5．大量的________________________
6．反对…… ________________________
7．继续________________________
8．导致________________________
答案：1．subscribe to 2.go up 3.come about 4.even if
5．quantities of 6.be opposed to 7.keep on 8.result in
二、回忆课文，完成下列句子
1. 这个数值对你我来说很可能无关紧要，但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。
That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when __________other natural changes.
答案：compared to
2. 毫无疑问，地球是在变暖，而地球变暖正是人类活动导致而成的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。
______________the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
答案：There is no doubt that
3．如果没有‘温室效应’，地球温度将比现在低大约33摄氏度。
__________the ‘greenhouse effect’， the earth ________be about thirty three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.
答案：Without；would
4. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳及其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气温仍会持续升高。
__________we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
答案：Even if
1．It is a rapid increase compared to most natural changes.(p.26)
跟多数自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。
词语链接
compared to/with 和……比起来(相比), (过去分词短语充当状语)
compare with/to 与……类似， 比得上
compare...to...把……比喻成……
compare...with/to...把……与……作比较
by comparison with 与……相比
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)This school ____________(可与……媲美) the best in the country.
(2)________________(与他所收藏的相比), the new stamps were not very interesting.
(3)It was a small place then ______________(与现在相比)．
(4)He ____________________(把心脏比作水泵)．
(5)Black __________________________(把伦敦的公园比作人体的肺部)．
(6)If you __________________(把这本字典和那本比较一下), you'll find many differences.
答案：(1)compares with (2)Compared to/with what he had (collected) already (3)compared to what is now (4)compared the heart to a pump (5)compared the parks of London to the lungs of the human body (6)compare this dictionary with that one
2．So how has this come about and does it matter (p.26)
这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？会产生什么影响呢？
词语链接
come about 发生，造成
come out出来；出版；开花；发芽；结果(如何)；(消息)传开
come up发生，举行，走过来；被提出
come over (从远处)来到；改变立场/观点
come along 跟着去，赶快；进行，进展
How come ＋ 句子．..
……是怎么回事/怎么发生的？
How did it come about that...
……是怎么回事/怎么发生的？
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)Sometimes it is hard to tell __________________(吵架是如何发生的)．
(2)The secret will finally__________(泄露出去)．
(3)I ____________ (获得第一名) in the examination.
(4)A beggar ______________(走上前) to us and asked for money.
(5)The question of drug taking ________________(一定会被提出来) at the next conference.
(6)____________(跟我来), I'll show you to your room.
(7)It's already 10 o'clock.I wonder how it __________(发生) that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
(8)你怎么不到英国来度假呢？
________________________________________________________________________
(9) 他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)how a quarrel comes about (2)come out
(3)came out first (4)came up (5)is bound to come up (6)Come along (7)came about
(8)Why don't you come over to England for a holiday？ (9)How did it come about that he knew where we were？/ How came he knew where we were
3．All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.(p.26)
所有科学家都同意燃烧煤、天然气、石油等化石燃料导致了地球气温升高。
词语链接
subscribe vi.同意；订阅；捐助
vt.签署(文件), 捐助
subscription n．订阅， 订阅费；捐款
subscriber n．订阅人，订购者
subscribe to 同意；订阅；捐助
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)This magazine is available by ________．
(2)We no longer __________the view that women are inferior to men.
(3)He ________ regularly to the Hope Project.
(4)He ________ all the papers before he left.
答案：(1)subscription (2)subscribe to (3)subscribes
(4)subscribed
4．The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.(p.26)
但当我们使大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。
quantity 数量和质量相对时作不可数名词；指具体数量时作可数名词。
注意：短语a (large) quantity of或(large) quantities of 后既可跟可数名词的复数也可跟不可数名词。“a quantity of ＋名词”构成主语时，谓语动词的数通常根据quantity的数来确定。 “large quantities of ＋ 名词” 作主语，谓语只能用复数形式。词组in quantity表示 “大量地”。
即学即练
用quantity和quantities填空。
(1)________of apples were in the basket and a large ________of milk was in the bucket.
(2)It's a lot cheaper if you buy it in ________．
(3)This company is more concerned with quality than ________．
答案：(1)Quantities；quantity (2)quantity (3)quantity
5．They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.(p.26)
他们还认为，正是由于燃烧的化石燃料越来越多而导致了二氧化碳的增加。
词语链接
result in引起， 导致(某种结果)
(＝lead to; bring about; contribute to)
result from 由……造成，因……而产生(带某种原因)
即学即练
用result in 和result from 填空。
(1)The accident ________ three deaths.
(2)He was ashamed that his hesitation ________ failure.
(3)Sickness often ________ eating too much.
(4)His failure ____________ not working hard enough.
答案：(1)resulted in (2)resulted in (3)results from
(4)resulted from
6．In fact, Hambley states，“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals－all of which will make life for human beings better.”(p.27)
汉布利实际上是这样说的：“二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事。它使植物生长更快，庄稼产量更高，还会促进动物的生长——所有这些都能改善人类的生活。”
词语链接
state v．陈述，说明，宣布，声明
n．状况，情况；国家
statement n．陈述
stated adj.约定的， 已经说明的
the head of state 国家首脑
即学即练
A．完成下列句子。
(1)You'd better ______________(说清楚自己的见解)．
(2)He________________(已声明) his intention to run for election.
(3)__________(据说) that all the people in the accident were killed.
(4)He arrived ______________(按照既定的时间)．
(5)He is ______________(健康状况不太好)．
答案：(1)state your views clearly (2)has already stated
(3)It is stated (4)at the stated time
(5)in a poor state of health
词语链接
range n．范围
v．从……到……各种种类
beyond the range of 超越……的范围
out of one's range 某人达不到的地方或范畴
range from...to... 从……到……不等
range between...and... 从……到……不等
即学即练
B．将下列句子译成汉语。
(1)The company puts out a large range of products.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)The two countries are separated by a range of mountains.
________________________________________________________________________
(3)His interests range from chess to boating.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)这家公司生产的产品名目繁多。
(2)这两个国家被一系列山脉隔开。
(3)他的爱好从下国际象棋到划船，什么都喜欢。
7．Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.(p.27)
温室气体继续在大气层中聚集。
build up 逐步建立，增加，增进
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The clouds ____________(正在聚集)．
(2)He ____________(逐步恢复体力) again after an illness.
(3)Taking exercise will ________(增强体质)．
答案：(1)are building up (2)built up his strength
(3)build up your body
8．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.(p.27)
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳及其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续升温。
keep on doing sth. 老是(不断)做某事
注意：在很多情况下keep on doing和keep doing 意思差不多， 但是当强调决心和毅力时，通常用keep on doing。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)If you ________________(老是犯同样的错误), you'll be dismissed.
(2)Prices ____________(不断地上涨) and they began to feel stressed.
(3)I noticed Peter ________________(老是盯着我看)．
(4)They ____________(继续工作) although they were tired.
答案：(1)kept making the same mistake (2)keep increasing
(3)kept looking at me all the time
(4)kept on working
9．glance v. & n．匆匆一看，扫视
at first glance 乍一看，乍看之下
glance at 浏览， 简略提及
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)He ____________(瞥了一眼那个信封) and recognized his uncle's handwriting.
(2)__________(乍一看) the problem seemed easy.
答案：(1)glanced at the envelope (2)At first glance
10．on the whole 从整体看，大体上
as a whole作为一个整体；总的来说
即学即练
用on the whole, as a whole填空。
(1)I think our trip was very successful __________．
(2)You have made a few mistakes but __________ you have done well.
(3)The festival is of great importance for our city and for the country __________．
答案：(1)on the whole (2)on the whole (3)as a whole
11．average n．平均，平均数
adj.平均的，普通的
on (the) average 平均地
above/below (the) average 在平均水准以上/以下
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)________ of 6 and 12 is 9.
(2)1，000 people a year die of this disease __________．
(3)Temperatures this year are ____________， so we feel a little cooler than before.
答案：(1)The average (2)on (the) average
(3)below the average
12．On the other hand，there are those，like George Humbley，who are opposed to this view...(p.27)
另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治·汉布利，反对上面的观点。
oppose v．反对，抵制，后面带动词的v?ing形式
They opposed the new tax.他们反对新税。
I oppose your going there alone.
我反对你单独去那里。
I would oppose changing the law.
我将反对改变这个法规。
词语链接
opposite adj.完全不同的，相对的；
prep.在……的对面；
adv.在对面；
n．相反的人/物，对立面
be opposed to反对(to是介词)
即学即练
选用上述词语填空。
(1)He ________ strongly ________ the plan.
(2)Father does not ________ the idea at all.
(3)The new tax program may meet with fierce ______．
(4)There was a garden on the ________ side of the street.
答案：(1)is；opposed to (2)oppose (3)opposition
(4)opposite
13．长难句结构分析
(1)
，,) .,)
这是一个复合句，even if 引导让步状语从句，the climate...or centuries 是主句。
(2) ，,)
.,)
这是一个复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，说明先行词oil and gas。
(3)However，still .,)
注意：people should...today为宾语从句。
即学即练
模仿造句，并分析句子成分。
(1)即使我跟他们说的是实话，他们也不会相信。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)这条街道有好几周没有清扫了，很脏。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)，,)
.,)
(2) ，,)
.,)
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The spokesman of government made a ________(state) to the public to explain the accident.
2．What the ________ (consume) need most is what the businessmen care most.
3．They are totally ________(oppose) to the new plan.
4．These years，our company has been developing ________(steady)．
5．Most of the villages around have been obviously ______(pollution)．
6．________(live) in Paris for 35 years，he experienced many social and cultural ________(phenomenon) of France.
答案：1．statement 2.consumers 3.opposed 4.steadily
5．polluted 6.Having lived；phenomena
二、词语活用
1．用range的相关词语完成下列小段落。
The supermarket (1)________________(有种类繁多的) goods.Their prices (2)________________ (从几元到几百元不等)．According to their varieties，the shop assistants (3)____________ (把他们整齐地排列)on the shelves.
答案：(1)keeps a wide range of (2)range from just only a few yuan to several hundred yuan (3)range them neatly
2．用compare...to/with, compare with, compared to, by comparison with, compare...to等词语自编一个小段落。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Liu Sha sat on the seat，feeling rather pared to Li Ling，a top student，one of her roommates, she was much weaker in English although she had been studying harder.She compared herself with Li Ling and thought she could be well compared with Li Ling both in attitude and ability.Maybe her study plan was unsuitable compared to Li Ling's.As a result，she had to adjust her solution.Just as she was sighing，Xiao Xu，a smart girl，compared to a red rose，telephoned her and told her she failed in the English exam again.When hearing it，she was better off by comparison with Xiao Xu，after all her effort was paid off.
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．When ________(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
2．In the atmosphere ________(surround) the earth there are gases ________(call) “greenhouse gases”．
3．As I'm not sure where ________(start) with my project, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.
4．It takes a lot of energy ____________(make) things from new materials, so, if you can, buy things ________(make) from ________(recycle) materials.
5．With his money ________(run) out, he couldn't go back home.
6．With more forests__________(destroy), huge quantities of good earth ____________(wash) each year.
7．Environmentalists have tried to stop the earth's temperature ________(rise)．
8．What are the names of the scientists ________(mention) in the text
答案：1．comparing 2.surrounding；called 3.to start
4．to make；made；recycled 5.running
6．being destroyed；is being washed away
7．rising 8.mentioned
四、运用括号内的词组， 将下列句子译成英语
1．如果司机没有喝醉，这起交通事故就不会发生了。(come about)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：If the driver had not got drunk, the car accident wouldn't have come about.
2．室内温度在上升。(go up)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The temperature in the room is going up.
3．这一事故导致三人死亡。(result in)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The accident resulted in three people being killed.
4．我叫他停下来，但他还是哭个不停。(keep on)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I have told him to stop but he keeps on crying.
5．即使要失败十次， 我也绝不灰心。(even if)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I wouldn't lose courage even if I should fail ten times.第四学时 Grammar
[观察领悟]
观察领悟下列句子找出其规律并熟读。
1．Sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using_scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.
2．Having_collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
3．Having_worked hard all day，I went to bed early.
4．Having_experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already，I didn't take much notice.
5．Having_earlier_collected_special clothes from the observatory，we put them on before we went any closer.
6．Having_studied_volcanoes now for many years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
7．Having_written a letter, I listened to music for a while
8．Having_finished their homework, they all went out to play
[自我总结]
1．现在分词可在句中作表语、定语、状语与补足语，本单元只讲现在分词作____________。
2．现在分词/动词 ing形式作状语时，表示的动作或状态与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎是________发生的，或是________谓语动词表示的动作或状态发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的________一致。
答案：1．状语 2.同时；先于； 主语
动词的 ing形式具有名词、动词、形容词和副词的特征，可以在句中作主语、宾语、定语、补足语、表语和状语。
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。(作主语)
The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
这只松鼠很幸运没有被抓住。(作宾语)
The girl writing a letter is good at English.
正在写信的那个女孩擅长英语。(作定语)
I heard him crying in the corner.
我听见他在拐角处哭泣。(作宾补)
Her job is taking care of the children.
她的工作是照顾孩子们。(表语)
He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁边看《中国日报》。(作状语)
一、动词的 ing形式的时态语态及意义
动词 形式 意义
以do为例 一般式doing 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生
主动式doing
被动式being done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生
完成式having done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生
主动式having done
被动式having been done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生
二、动词的 ing形式作状语时， 可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等；并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句
用法 例句
时间 Hearing the news，they got excited.(＝When they heard the news，...) 他们听到这个消息时，非常兴奋。Be careful while/when crossing the street.(＝...while/when you are crossing the street.) 过马路时要小心。
条件 Turning to the left，you will find the place you want.(＝If you turn to the left，...)向左拐，你就会发现你要找的地方。
让步 Admitting what you said，I still think that you made a mistake.(＝Although I admitted what you said，...)尽管我认同你所说的话，我仍然觉得你犯了一个错误。
Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake.(＝Though he had been told many times，...) 尽管告诉他许多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。
伴随/方式 I stood there，waiting for her.(＝...，and waited for her.) 我站在那儿等她。
原因 Having been bitten by a snake，she was frightened at it.(＝Since she had been bitten by a snake，...)由于她曾经被蛇咬过，所以一直对此心存恐惧。Being so angry，he couldn't go to sleep.(＝As he was so angry，...)因为太生气了，他不能入睡。
结果 It rained heavily，causing severe flooding in the area.(＝...，so that it caused severe flooding in the area.)这个地区雨下得如此大，以致于引发了洪灾。
三、使用动词的 ing形式作状语应注意的问题
1．动词的 ing形式作状语，其否定形式是在它前面加not，never等。
Not knowing how to find the subway，I asked a policeman for help.
因我不知道怎样找到地铁，我就决定去找警察帮助。
2．动词的 ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致，否则，要用独立主格结构。
Riding a horse or driving a car，you should learn to control it.
无论是骑马还是驾车，你都应该学会控制它。
3．动词的 ing形式的动作和谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生时，用一般式；如果动词的 ing形式的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，要用其完成式。
Walking in the park，I met an old friend of mine.
在公园散步时，我遇见一位老朋友。
Having finished the work，he went out to meet his friends.完成工作后，他出去会朋友了。
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. To find a good job，I need to continue my education，____________(equip)myself with rich knowledge.
2. The girl was occupied in doing his homework，only____________ (stop)once in a while to look out of the window.
3. ____________(receive) a large salary rise already，Sarah is thinking of buying a new apartment.
4. ____________(enter)the room，the nurse found the tape recorder gone.
5．The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，____________(enable)the students to return to their classrooms.
6．He had a wonderful childhood，____________(travel)with his mother to all corners of the world.
7．It rained heavily in the south，____________(cause)serious flooding in several provinces.
8．The lady walked around the shops，____________(keep)an eye out for bargains.
答案：1．equipping 2.stopping 3.Having received
4．Entering 5.enabling 6. traveling 7.causing
8．keeping
二、句型转换
1．After he had finished his homework，the little boy began to play football.
________________________ his homework，the little boy began to play football.
2．Because they had been warned by their parents，they didn't dare to go out at night.
______________________________ by their parents，they didn't dare to go out at night.
3．If it is sunny，we'll go for a picnic tomorrow.
______________________________，we'll go for a picnic tomorrow.
4．If you think it over，you will have a good idea.
__________________________，you will have a good idea.
5．As I don't know much English，I'm afraid I can't express clearly.
________________________ much English，I'm afraid I can't express clearly.
答案：1．Having finished 2.Having been warned
3．It being sunny 4.Thinking it over 5.Not knowing
三、用现在分词作状语翻译下列句子
1．布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Having brushed his teeth，Mr.Brown came downstairs for breakfast.
2．我们坐火车访问了很多城市。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Travelling by train，we visited a number of cities.
3．他的父母双亡，他成了孤儿。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
4．男孩大喊着跑开了。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The boy ran away，shouting loudly.
5．从她口音判断，她准是四川人。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Judging from her accent，she must be from Sichuan.
四、语法填空
Bob likes smoking and often can't help 1.________(do) so while working.One day while other colleagues in his office were busy 2.________(get) their assignments 3.________(complete)，he was caught 4.________(smoke)by the boss.His boss can't stand smoking in the office and everybody objects to 5.________(do) so during working time.As 6.________(smoke)can lead to delaying 7.______(finish) tasks on time.From then on everyone including Bob should pay more attention to 8.________(obey) the rules of the company.And the boss told Bob that if Bob kept on 9.________(make) such mistakes，he would like to let him go rather than 10.________(have) him stay.
答案：1．doing 2.getting 3.completed 4.smoking
5．doing 6.smoking/to smoke 7.finishing
8．obeying 9.making 10.have
五、单句改错
1．When crossed the road，please be careful.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：．crossed→crossing
2．No knowing his address，I can't write to him.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：No→Not
3．Known all this，they made me pay for the damage.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Known→Knowing
4．Worked diligently，you'll certainly succeed.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Worked→Working
5．Turned to the left，you'll find the school.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Turned→Turning本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第四学时 Grammar
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
[观察领悟]
观察领悟下列句子，找出其规律并熟读。
1．As there are so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many different styles of Western art，it would_ be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.
2．If the rules ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of perspective _had_not_been_discovered，no one _would_have_been_able_to_paint _ such realistic pictures.
3. If I _had time, I would_attend the meeting.
4. If you came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_(should_come/were_to_come) tomorrow, we would_have the meeting.21世纪教育网版权所有
5．Without the new pai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts and the new technique，we would_not_be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.21教育网
6．There are scores of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) modern art styles，but without the Impressionists，many of these painting styles might_not_exist．
7. I wish I had a little lab of my own.
8. I'd rather he set about doing the work now.
[自我总结]
1. 英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和________。
2. 虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实________，或________的情况。
答案：1．虚拟语气
2．相反；不可能发生
一、概念
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设或建议，而不是客观存在的事实，它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
二、条件句中的虚拟语气
包含条件从句的句子称为条件句。条件句分为两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
1．如果假设的情况很可能发生，就用真实条件句。
If he has time，he will come.
如果他有时间，他会来。
He won't succeed unless we plan well.
如果我们计划不好，他就会失败。
If you haven't finished your composition，you can hand it in tomorrow.21cnjy.com
如果你还未写完作文，你可以明天交。
2．如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句分为三种。
假设情况 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
与现在事实相反 动词过去式(be的过去式常用were) would/should/might/could＋动词原形
与将来事实相反 ① 动词过去式② should＋动词原形③ were＋to do would/should/might/could＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 动词过去完成式(had done) would/should/might/could＋have done
If he had time now，h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e would(could，might)go with you.要是他现在有时间，他会和你一起去的。(与现在事实相反)
If you had com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a few minutes earlier，you would(could，might) have met the famous singer.21·cn·jy·com
如果你能早来几分钟，你就会见到那个著名歌手了。(与过去事实相反)
If it were to snow this evening，they would not go out.
如果今天晚上下雪，他们就不会出去。(与将来事实相反)
提示：含有条件状语从句中的虚拟语气使用时要注意以下几点：
(1)主句中的shou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld只用于第一人称I和we, 但在美国英语中， should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称。
(2)在虚拟语气的从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中， 动词be的过去时态常用were, 非正式文体中第三人称单数也可用was。但If I were you...句式中， 不用was。2·1·c·n·j·y
(3)虚拟条件句中有were, had, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) should时， 可把if省略， 而把were, had, should放在主语前， 用倒装结构， 这种结构主要用于书面语中。但要注意， 在虚拟条件状语从句中， 省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Were they here now, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )they could help us.＝If they were here now, they could help us.21·世纪*教育网
要是他们现在在这儿的话， 就会帮助我们了。
Should it rain, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the crops would be saved.＝If it should rain, the crops would be saved.www-2-1-cnjy-com
下雨， 庄稼就有救了。
三、含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气
有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表现出来，而是暗含在上下文或without，otherwise，but for等引出的短语中。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Without your help，I couldn't finish it.
没有你的帮助，我完成不了此事。
But for your advice，I would have failed.
如果没有你的建议，我就会失败的。
四、宾语从句中的虚拟语气
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
这类动词可按下列口诀记忆。
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，command
三建议：suggest，propose，advise
四要求：request，require，demand，ask
提示：(1)除上述口诀中列举的动词外， desire, recommend, urge等也符合上述用法。www.21-cn-jy.com
(2)suggest表示“暗示”， insist表示“坚持某种说法” 时， 后面的从句不用虚拟语气。21教育名师原创作品
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Had the weather been good，the twins __________ (go) out for a walk.2-1-c-n-j-y
2．If there __________ (be) any change about the date，I would inform you in time.21*cnjy*com
3．The train __________ (leave) ten minutes ago.You should have arrived a bit earlier.
4．I would have lent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you some money，but I __________ (not have) any on me then.
5．I'm glad I went ove ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r all my notes；otherwise I ________ (not do) so well in the last exam.
6．She __________ (get) caught in the heavy traffic，or she could have come here earlier.
7．You __________ (not make) such a serious mistake if you had followed my advice.
8．Without electricity， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )human life __________ (be) quite difficult today.
答案：1．would have gone 2.should be 3.left 4.didn't have
5．couldn't have done 6.got 7.wouldn't have made
8．would be
二、翻译下列句子
1.我确实太忙了，不然的话，我一定和你一起去。
_______________________________________________________
2．老师要求所有的学生都要参加这项活动。
_______________________________________________________
3．很奇怪，他居然认识我。
_______________________________________________________
4．我要是没有许多事情要做，也许会在这里多呆些时间。
_______________________________________________________
5．如果你明天早一点到校，你将有足够的时间读英语。
_______________________________________________________
答案： 1．I'm really busy.Otherwise，I would certainly go with you.
2．The teacher ord ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ered that all the students (should) take part in the activity.【出处：21教育名师】
3．It's strange that he should know me.
4．I might stay here a bit longer if I didn't have many things to do.
5．If you were to come ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to school earlier tomorrow，you would have enough time to read English.
三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
I'm sure no one could ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )recognize me now if I 1.________(not，get)my new transistors in the 1960s.There 2.______(be) times when my size was changed.I became small and thin but I got cleverer and cleverer，quicker and quicker.And my memory 3.________(become) so large that I couldn't believe it！But I 4.________(remain)lonely by standing there by myself if they (not，give) me a family 6.________(connect) by a network in the early 1960s.I could share information with others and we could talk to each other.At about the same time we learned to talk to humans 7.________(use) BASIC.I was brought into people's homes in the 1970s.Without this，my family and I 8.__________(not，use) by billions of people (deal) with information and communicate with each other around the world by the Internet.I love 10.________(use) to connect people who aren't close enough to speak to each other.I have truly been built to serve the human race since my birth.
答案：1．had not got 2.were 3.became 4.would remain
5．had not given 6.connected 7.using
8．would not have been used 9.to deal 10.being used
四、单句改错
1．If she has not bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n given enough money，she wouldn't have bought the book.
_______________________________________________________
2. He will come to the party if he didn't have to work.
_______________________________________________________
3. If she was not easy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )going，Li Ping wouldn't have a number of friends.【版权所有：21教育】
_______________________________________________________
4. If he had been fam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iliar with software，he wouldn't has been fired by his boss. 21*cnjy*com
_______________________________________________________
5. Had Tom worked hard，he would have passes the exam.
_______________________________________________________
答案：1．has→had 2.will→would 3.was→were 4.has→have 5.passes→passed
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第二学时 Learning about Language
一、回忆课文，写出下列短语
1．由于……____________
2．对……有瘾____________
3．对……作出决定____________
4．习惯于……____________
5．想要(做)……____________
6．停止做某事____________
答案：1．due to 2.be addicted to 3.decide on
4．become/be accustomed to 5.feel like (doing)
6．quit doing sth.
二、回忆课文，完成下列句子
1．在我这个年纪，我仍然很健康，可以在一个下午骑车走20千米路，这似乎令人惊奇。
____________ that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
答案： It seems amazing
2．正如你所知道的，如果你反复做同一件事，你就会不自觉地做它。
____________，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.
答案： As you know
3．但是最后我的确是成功了。
But ____________ finally manage.
答案： I did
4.也不知道我吸烟竟然会影响到那些不吸烟者的健康。
____________ I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non smokers.
答案：Neither did
5．当因为我不再适合而被学校足球队开除以后，我意识到自己是时候戒烟了。
When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit，I knew ______________ smoking.
答案： it was time to quit
6．每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己，你(已经)是不抽烟的人了。
____________ you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non smoker.
答案： Every time
1．stress n．压力，焦虑；强调；重要性
v．强调
stressful adj.令人感到有压力的
stressed adj.紧张的，有压力的
put/play/lay stress on 重视，看重；给……以压力
a stressful job 一个有压力的工作
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)Regular exercise can help ________________(缓解压力)．
(2)The school ____________(特别强调) developing children's creativity.
(3)The importance of teamwork in football matches ____________(经常被强调)．
(4)The quick tempo(节奏) of modern life makes me __________(感到紧张)．
答案：(1)reduce stress (2)lays great stress on
(3)is often stressed (4)feel stressed
2．I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.(p.18)
我想我之所以能长寿及精力充沛，主要原因是我的健康生活。
due to由于，因……造成，归功于；应给与，应属于
即学即练
A．完成下列句子。
(1)________________(由于雾天), the traffic moved very slowly.
(2)The great success of this project was largely ________________________________(归功于当地30名商人的支持).
答案：(1)Because of the foggy weather
(2)due to the support given by the 30 local businessmen
词语辨析：
due to；owing to；as a result of；thanks to；because of
due to“由于”，多用作表语，通常不置于句首。
owing to“由于，因为”，多指引起不良后果的原因，但在实际使用中常与because of互换。
as a result of “作为……的结果”，一般用作状语。
thanks to “幸亏，多亏，由于”，作状语用，多置于句首。既表近于原意的正面意义或褒义“感谢”，也表近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”。
because of “因为，由于”，一般用作状语，位于句首或句中。
B.选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)He was late __________ the snow.
(2)__________ your help，I passed the examination.
(3)__________ the rain，they could not come.
(4)The failure of the scheme was __________ bad management.
答案：(1)as a result of/because of/owing to
(2)Thanks to (3)Owing to/Because of (4)due to
3．You see, during adolescence I also smoked and I became addicted to cigarettes.(p.18)
你知道，我年轻的时候也吸过烟并很快就上瘾了。
词语链接
be addicted to sth./ doing sth.
对……有瘾；沉溺于某物；对某事入迷
become addicted to sth./ doing sth.
对……有瘾；沉溺于某物；对某事入迷
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The parents felt helpless when they found their son ______________________(沉溺于电脑游戏)．
(2)His mother ________________(沉迷于) TV soap operas(电视连续剧)．
答案：(1)had been addicted to playing computer games
(2)is addicted to
4．This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms.(p.18)
这意味着过一段时间后你的身体就适应了香烟中的尼古丁，一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，你就会有断瘾症状。
be/become accustomed to＝ be used to表示 “习惯于”， 短语中的to是介词， 后面可接名词、代词或动名词。
词语链接
look forward to 期望，盼望
pay attention to 注意
object to 反对
devote...to 献身于
stick to 坚持
make contributions to 为……作贡献
lead to 通往，导致
注意：上述短语中的to都是介词，不是动词不定式符号。
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)He quickly ____________ eating the local food.
(2)She ____________ dealing with so much media attention (媒体的关注), so she was quite embarrassed.
(3)Why do you __________ your husband's proposal It sounds reasonable.
(4)We must try our best to ______________ our country.
答案：(1)became accustomed to/got used to
(2)is not accustomed to (3)object to
(4)make contributions to
5．So it was very difficult to quit.But I did finally manage. (p.18)
戒烟的确很难，但我最终设法戒了烟。
词语链接
quit vt.(＝give up)离职；退学；停止；放弃
quit doing sth.放弃做某事
manage vt.&vi.负责；管理；经营；设法做到(常与can, could, be able to连用)
manage to do sth.(＝succeed in doing sth.)设法做成某事，强调结果。
manager n．经理，管理人
manageress n．女经理，女管理人
management n．管理；管理部门
manageable adj.能处理的，能管理的
即学即练
选用上述词语的适当形式完成下列句子。
(1)He is not good at__________ his money.
(2)Small sailboats(小游船) can easily turn over in the water if they are not __________ carefully.
(3)In spite of these insults(侮辱), she __________ not to get angry.
(4)Will you be able __________ on your own
(5)She recently ________ her job to spend more time with her family.
(6)I ________ smoking and put on weight.
答案：(1)managing (2)manageable (3)managed
(4)to manage (5)quitted (6)quit(quitted)
6．What I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.(p.18)
我的的确确知道的是，我女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。
I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(p.18)
我这样希望是因为我想你也能跟我一样过健康长寿的生活。
“does /do/did ＋ 动词原形 ”表示强调，意思是“真的、 的确、 一定、务必”。
即学即练
将下列句子译成英语。
(1)毫无疑问， 他的确出色地完成了任务。
________________________________________________________________________
(2)明天你可一定要早点来。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)There was no doubt that he did do a good job.
(2)Do come early tomorrow.
7．It isn't easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you.(p.19)
戒烟并不容易，但许许多多的人都成功地戒掉了烟，那么你也能。
思维拓展
so can you是倒装句式。so/ neither/ nor放在句首，表示前者情况也适用于后者。so you can是自然语序。后一句单纯重复前句的内容，对其进行肯定和附和，译作“确实”。
即学即练
完成下列对话。
(1)－I reminded you not to forget the appointment.
－____________(你是提醒过)．
(2)－My room gets very cold at night.
－____________(我的房间也是这样)．
答案：(1)So you did (2)So does mine
8．Decide on a day to quit.(p.19)
确定一个开始的日子。
decide on sth.决定某事
即学即练
将下列句子译成汉语。
(1)You have to decide on your own career now.
________________________________________________________________________
(2)Have you decided on a date for the wedding
________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)你现在得为自己的事业作决定了。
(2)你定下了婚礼的日期了吗？
9．If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.(p.19)
如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。
词语链接
ashamed adj.为……感到羞耻/惭愧
feel/be ashamed of 为……感到羞耻
feel/be ashamed to do sth.不好意思做某事
思维拓展
注意下列各例句中单词的意思。
(1)It is a shame you can't stay for dinner.
很遗憾你不能留下来吃晚饭。
(2)If he does anything shameful,_I will not go away with him.(adj.可耻的，不光彩的)
如果他做了不光彩的事，我不会放过他的。
(3)You should never be in company with a shameless liar.(adj.无耻的，不知羞耻的)
你绝不应该与无耻的说谎者为伍。
(4)He felt ashamed_that he was not able to answer the question.(adj.不好意思，羞愧)
不能答出那个问题他觉得很羞愧。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)She ______________(觉得很羞愧) that she didn't pass the exam again.
(2)You should ____________(感到羞耻) yourself for telling such lies.
(3)I'm ____________(不好意思说) that I haven't been to church for three years.
(4)It's ____________(可耻) of you to pretend to be ill when others are working hard.
(5)____________(真可惜) it is that we have missed such a good chance!
答案：(1)felt ashamed (2)feel ashamed of
(3)ashamed to say (4)shameful (5)What a shame
10．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non smoker.(p.19)
每当你想吸烟时，提醒自己你已是不吸烟的人了。
词语链接
feel like (doing) sth.想要(做)某事
would like to do sth.想要(做)某事
即学即练
用feel like，would like填空。
(1)I don't have an appetite these days and don't __________ eating at all.
(2)He ____________ smoking a cigarette.
(3)After the long journey, he was worn out and __________ to have a good rest.
(4)I ____________ a cup of tea.
答案：(1)feel like (2)feels like (3)would like
(4)would like/feel like
11．in spite of (＝despite, regardless of) 不管，尽管，不顾
in spite of是介词短语，后面跟名词或动名词。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)______________________( 不顾父亲的反对), she decided to marry the poor fellow.
(2)__________________________(尽管在世界杯中败北), the team wasn't discouraged at all.
答案：(1)In spite of her father's objection
(2)In spite of losing the match in the World Cup
12．take a risk/risks 冒险
at risk 有危险，冒风险
take a risk/risks 冒险
run the risk (of doing sth.)(做某事) 冒可能的危险
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
You can't get rich without taking risks.人不冒险不富。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)Experts have been warning for some time of the ______________(健康危害) caused by passive smoking(被动吸烟)．
(2)The whole future of the company is ______________(受到威胁)．
(3)Anyone travelling without a passport__________________________(冒着被捕的危险)．
(4)No one would __________________(冒险把所有的钱投入到股票上) like you.
(5)If your race car isn't insured, you may__________________(冒险失去一切) when it hits something solid.
答案：(1)health risks (2)at risk (3)runs the risk of being arrested (4)risk putting all his money in the stock market
(5)risk losing everything
13．get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
be in the habit of 养成……的习惯
fall into the habit of 养成……的习惯
form the habit of 形成……的习惯
break the habit of 改变……习惯
kick the habit of 改变……习惯
out of habit 出于习惯
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)I did it only __________．I didn't mean any harm.
(2)He ____________ smoking following his father's example.
(3)We don't want the children ________________ watching a lot of TV.
(4)He determined ________________ getting up late.
答案：(1)out of habit (2)got/fell into the habit of
(3)to get into the habit of (4)to kick/break the habit of
14．长难句结构分析
(1).,)
(全句结构为：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)
这是一个并列复合句。动词tell后跟两个that引导的宾语从句，注意第二个that不可以省略。
(2).,)
(全句结构为：主语＋系动词＋表语)
这是一个复合句。What I did know 是主语从句，that 引导的是表语从句，其中thought后跟宾语从句I smelt terrible。
(3)，,)so .,)
全句结构为：so连接两个并列句，前后主句中分别有一个宾语从句。
(4)，,)
.,)
即学即练
模仿造句，并分析句子成分。
(1)我女友说如果我不戒烟她不会再跟我约会了。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)
.,)
(2)让Mary感到惊讶的是她儿子的数学老师认为他没有希望。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
.,)
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The doctor warned me not to drink ________ (alcohol) drinks.
2．Though he was a new man，he got ________(accustom) to the way of life here very soon.
3．The doors opened ________ (automatic) as we approached.
4．People can easily become ________ (mental) addicted to drugs when they start taking them.
5．Some ________(adolescent) have got into the habit of taking drugs.
6．What he has done ________(disappoint) her a lot.
7．A ________ is going to be invited to give us a talk about the ________ industry.(chemistry)
答案：1．alcoholic 2.accustomed 3.automatically
4．mentally 5.adolescents
6．disappoints/has disappointed
7．chemist；chemical
二、词语活用
1．用与addict相关的词语完成下列小段落。
His father (1)________(沉溺于) gambling and his mother (2) ____________(也开始对看韩剧着迷)．How can such a family raise a useful person to society
答案：(1)is addicted to (2)becomes addicted to Korean TV series
2．用shame, shameful, shameless, ashamed自编一个小段落。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：What a shame it was for her to cheat so many gentlemen，showing her extraordinary beautiful appearance.We all agreed that what the shameless woman did was shameful and she should feel ashamed of her shameless conduct.However，any man with common sense could see through her trick.Then why were these gentlemen cheated Wasn't it a shame that so many gentlemen should have lost their common sense
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．I ________(just learn) that you're going to set up a new company.
2．It seems ________(amaze) that my mother is able to climb to the top of the mountain in her late eighties.
3．I'm sorry to hear that you ________(begin) smoking some time ago.
4．If you get ________(accustom) to nicotine, you may feel uneasy without it.
5．I had to admit that the problem was difficult ________(solve)．
6．When my girl friend said my clothes smelt, I knew it was time I ________(quit) smoking.
7．The baby was crying loudly while __________________________________________________________
(inject)．
8．I'll go out for a walk while he feels like __________________________________________________________
(play) football.
9．She ________(ban) from athletics for two years after failing a drug test.
10．Those who eat wild animals risk ________(infect) with this terrible disease.
答案：1．have just learned 2.amazing 3.began
4．accustomed 5.to solve 6.quitted 7.injected
8．playing 9.was banned 10.being infected
四、运用括号内的词组，将下列句子译成英语
1．我们所有的成就都应归功于他的支持。(due to)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：All our achievements are due to his support.
2. 我们认为他不再会沉溺于电脑游戏。( be addicted to)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：We think he will not be addicted to computer games any longer.
3. 让我们集思广益，决定一项行动计划。( decide on)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Let’s put our heads together and decide on a plan of action.
4. 虽然我有时会觉得这是在找麻烦，但是通常并不会这样。(feel like)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Although sometimes I feel like bothering, as often as not I don’t.
5. 诺拉变得习惯于依赖丈夫。(depend on)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Nora grew accustomed to depending on her husband.本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第五学时 Writing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
文学与艺术——关于诗歌
【写作素材】
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇或句型表达。
1．诗是一种文体形式，一般是按一定的规律由几行组成。
________________________________________________________________________【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
答案：Poetry is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a type of literature which is often made up of a number of lines according to some rule.21教育名师原创作品
2．有些诗押韵，而有些不押韵并且很灵活。
________________________________________________________________________21*cnjy*com
答案：Some poems rhyme while others don't and are very flexible.
3．他们常常是讲述一个故事或描述某件事情。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Poems often tell a story or describe something.
4．诗还可以用来传达幸福或悲伤的感情。
________________________________________________________________________21教育网
答案：Poems often tell a story or describe something.
5．很多中国人喜欢诗，特别是唐诗，所以他们能背诵很多唐诗。
________________________________________________________________________www.21-cn-jy.com
答案：Many Chinese pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople enjoy poems, Tang Poems in particular, and they can recite many of them.www-2-1-cnjy-com
【连句成篇】
可选用定语从句，while，like，also等将以上句子连成一篇短文。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【出处：21教育名师】
答案：Poetry is a type ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of literature which is often made up of a number of lines according to some rule.Some poems rhyme while others don't and are very flexible.Poems often tell a story or describe something.They can also convey certain emotions like sorrow or happiness .Many Chinese people enjoy poems，Tang poems in particular，and they can recite many of them.
【短文改错】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Some of firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t poetry a young child learns on English is nursery rhymes. These rhymes like the one on the right (A) is still an common type of children's poetry. The language is concrete but imagine, and they delighted small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. The poems may not make a sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easily to learn and recite. By play with the words in nursery rhymes, child learn about language.
答案：Some of first poetry a young child learns English is nursery rhymes.These rhymes like the one on the right (A) still common type of children's poetry.The language is concrete but ， and they small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.The poems may not make a sense and even seem contradictory, but they are to learn and recite.By with the words in nursery rhymes, learn about language.21cnjy.com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
如何欣赏诗歌
诗是一门精美的艺术，是一种无声的音 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )乐，它用词典雅、句法精炼、形式别致、意象丰富，具有特有的节奏。在高中新课程标准中虽然没有明确要求学生写诗，但学会理解、欣赏一些简单的诗对提高文学素养、审美能力、英语水平和英译汉的能力起着独特的作用。
作为一名高中生，平时在阅读或欣赏诗的时候注意下面的几点就可以了：
1．反复诵读，准确把握诗的主题和意象，深刻领会诗人隐藏在字里行间的情感和意境，不能“浅尝辄止，似是而非”，更不能“望文生义，断章取义”。21·cn·jy·com
2．简单了解诗的格律、押韵和体式。
(1)格律是每个音步轻重音 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )节排列的格式，也是朗读时轻重音的依据。而音步是由重读音节和非重读音节构成的诗的分析单位。重读音节为扬(重)，非重读音节为抑(轻)。抑扬格、扬抑格、抑抑扬格、扬抑抑格和抑扬抑格是五种常见的格律。21·世纪*教育网
(2)押韵是指通过重复元音或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辅音以达到一定音韵效果的诗歌写作手法。其中尾韵是最常见、最重要的押韵方式。头韵是指一行(节)诗中几个词开头的辅音相同，形成押韵。2-1-c-n-j-y
(3)诗的体式常见的有十四行 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )诗(Sonnet)、打油诗(Limericks)和自由诗(Free Verse)。其中自由诗是现代诗中常见和高中生应重点了解的体式。其特点是诗行长短不同，对押韵与格律要求不严格，只注重诗所表达的意象和传达的情感。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
3．推敲语言，背诵佳句，丰富积累，不断提高自己对语言的把握和灵活运用的能力。这其实是我们在高中阶段学习和欣赏诗的主要目的。21世纪教育网版权所有
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
诗歌既是语言的精华，也蕴含丰富 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的哲理，对于读者有很大的激励和指导作用，请阅读下面这首诗歌，写一篇英语短文，谈谈这首诗歌对于我们生活、学习、工作的启示。但不得照抄诗歌原文，也不能写成诗歌形式。 21*cnjy*com
Dreams
Hold fast (紧地) to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken winged bird
That can never fly
Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren (荒芜的) field
Frozen only with snow
注意：1.词数100左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Dreams is a very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beautiful poem that offers readers a lot of encouragement and confidence.As we all know，everyone has dreams，which are important for our school study，our daily life as well as our work.We should hold fast to them，or we will lose interest and direction of our life，which may cause some of us to fail in our work or study，and even make us lose hope for our life.2·1·c·n·j·y
In order to make our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) dreams come true，we'd better make a reasonable plan for our study or our work，which will also direct us to arrange our future life properly.At the same time，we shouldn't lose heart even if our dreams fail to be realized.We should adjust our plan and go on working harder，and I'm sure we will succeed in realizing our dreams at last.【版权所有：21教育】
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第三学时 Using Language
Reading，listening and speaking
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
阅读“HIV/AIDS：Are You at Risk？”然后根据课文选出最佳选项。
1．You can get HIV through ________．
A．having meals with the patients with AIDS
B．kissing someone with AIDS
C．injecting drugs using the same needle
D．touching someone infected with HIV
答案：C
2．We can infer from the passage that ________．
A．HIV is the same as AIDS
B．HIV is different from AIDS
C．HIV weakens a person's immune system
D．you can have HIV in your blood for quite a long time
答案：B
3．In order to stay safe, you ________．
A．should not use the needle someone else has used
B．have to av ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oid using anything else that the person has used while injecting drugs21·世纪*教育网
C．should use a condom if you have sex with another person
D．all of the above
答案：D
4．The passage tells us about ________．
A．some common understanding of HIV/AIDS
B．what HIV/AIDS is and the way of transmitting
C．ways to protect ourselves
D．the definition of HIV/AIDS and the warning to us
答案：D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
? Part A Reading Aloud
模仿朗读下面一段话，并注意语音语调。
HIV is⌒a virus. A viru ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s is⌒a very small living thing/that causes disease.?There are many different viruses, for example,
the flu virus?or the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) SARS virus.?HIV weakens a person's immune system; that⌒is, the part⌒of the body/that fights disease.?You can have HIV in your blood/for⌒a long time, but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much/that your body can no longer fight disease.This stage⌒of the illness is called AIDS. If you develop AIDS, your chances⌒of survival are very small.?
Part B Role play
情景介绍：Tina和Jack在谈论艾滋病的话题。
角色：Tina和Jack
任务：(1)请根据中文提示提出问题。
(2)请你的同学根据课文内容回答你的提问，然后你们互换角色进行口语练习。
Q1：病毒是什么？HIV是病毒吗？
________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网版权所有
答案：Q1：What's a virus？Is HIV a virus
A1：A virus is a ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry small living thing that cause disease.HIV is a virus.21·cn·jy·com
Q2：HIV病毒是怎样影响人们健康的？
________________________________________________________________________2-1-c-n-j-y
答案：Q2：How does HIV affect people's health
A2：HIV virus w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eakens a person's immune system and eventually it damages the immune system so much that the body can no longer fight against disease. 21*cnjy*com
Q3：我们应该如何面对HIV/AIDS患者？
________________________________________________________________________【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
答案：Q3：How should we do towards people who have HIV/AIDS
A3：Show love and care to them and don't look down upon them.
Q4：我们可以做些什么来帮助AIDS的携带者？
________________________________________________________________________www-2-1-cnjy-com
答案：Q4：What can we do to help AIDS?carriers
A4：Help them fight fear，shame and injustice.
Q5：目前能治愈AIDS或HIV吗？避免患上艾滋病的最好方式是什么？
________________________________________________________________________21教育网
答案：Q5：Is ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a cure for AIDS and HIV at the moment？What's the best way of avoiding AIDS 【版权所有：21教育】
A5：No，there isn't a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cure for AIDS and HIV at the moment.So the best way of avoiding AIDS is not to get infected by the HIV virus.
Part C Retelling
请用自己的话复述课文，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：HIV，AIDS，virus，health，avoid
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
答案：HIV is a vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rus which is a very small living thing that causes disease.HIV virus weakens a person's immune system and eventually it damages the immune system so much that the body can no longer fight against disease.This stage of the illness is called AIDS.HIV or AIDS is spread through blood or the fluids that the body makes during sex.At the moment there isn't a cure for AIDS and HIV，so the best way of avoiding AIDS is not to get infected by the HIV virus.21*cnjy*com
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1．Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.(p.22)www.21-cn-jy.com
女人比男人更容易感染上艾滋病。
词语链接
sb./sth. be likely to do sth. 某人或某物可能做某事
表示可能的常用句型：
It is possible/probable/likely that sb. do sth.
某人可能做某事
It is possible/probable/likely (for sb.) to do sth.2·1·c·n·j·y
某人可能做某事
注意：likely的主语可以是人也可以是物或it，possible 和probable的主语是it。
即学即练
用likely，possible，probable填空。
(1)A traffic acci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dent is more ________ to happen at that intersection.
(＝It is more likely t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat a traffic accident will happen at that intersection.)
(2)When you chat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) online with people, you are ________ to come across a next door neighbor or even a workmate in the same office.
(3)A hurricane is ________ to come.
(4)It is ________ that a hurricane will come.
答案：(1)likely (2)likely (3)likely
(4)possible/probable/likely
2．Unfortunately，p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople with HIV sometimes lose their friends because of prejudice.(p.22)．
不幸的是，由于人们对艾滋病患者的偏见，艾滋病病人有时会失去朋友。
词语链接
prejudice v．使产生成见
n．成见，偏见
prejudice sb. against使……对……产生偏见
prejudiced adj.有偏见的
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)杰克逊说那首歌的用意是阐述偏见的种种弊病的。
Jackson said the song was suggested to illustrate the ____________．21cnjy.com
(2)玛戈的证词会让陪审团对他产生偏见。
Margot's testimony will ________ jurors __________．
答案：(1)evils of prejudice (2)prejudice；against him
3．As well as providing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) care and support for AIDS sufferers, the programme trains young people to teach others about HIV/AIDS.(p.60)
除了给那些艾滋病患者提供治疗和援助，这个项目还训练年轻人向别人传授有关HIV病毒和艾滋病的知识。
as well as 和，也，还，除……之外
思维拓展
观察下列句中as well as 的意思和用法。
(1)On Sundays，his landlady provided dinner as_well_as breakfast.
在周日他的房东太太不仅提供早餐而且还有晚餐。(连接两个名词)
(2)We cannot expect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her to do the homework as_well_as look after the children.
我们不能指望她既看孩子又要做家务活。(连接两个动词)
(3)As_well_a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time.21教育名师原创作品
除了当医生外，他在业余时间还写小说。(as well as＝besides，在句首后面带 doing，相当于一个介词)
(4)Mary as_well_as her friends is going to London next week.
玛丽和她的朋友们下周要到伦敦去。(注意：as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应与第一个主语一致)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、单词拼写
1．The old man is a ________(幸存者) of the past age.
2．I realized that they wanted to be alone so I felt ________ (尴尬的)．
3．Things can easily go wrong when people are under ________ (压力)．
4. A ________(判断) is a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n opinion that you have or express after thinking carefully.
5．I'm always an ________ (笨手笨脚的) dancer.
答案：1．survivor 2.embarrassed 3.stress 4.judgement
5．awkward
二、完成下列句子
1．Emergency line op ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erators must always ______________(保持冷静)and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
2．______________(不可能) that I should accept such an offer as that.
3．The disease ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is spreading，and all children under five ____________________(在危险之中)．
4．__________________(没有足够的证据)to prove him guilty of the crime.
5．The old ________________(容易被传染上) cold.
6．He is a scholar __________________(也是一名著名作家)．
7．The number of you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng people becoming addicted to computer games is increasing and it is important ____________________(解决这个问题)．【出处：21教育名师】
8．He got well ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )prepared for the job interview，for he couldn't __________________________(冒险失去) the good opportunity.
答案：1．stay calm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2.It isn't likely 3.are at risk 4.There is not enough evidence 5.are easily infected with 6.as well as a famous writer 7.to handle this issue 8.risk losing
三、运用所学的语言基础知识，完成下列短文
In order to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1.____________ (缓解精神压力), many people, especially adolescents, 2.____________ (养成……习惯) smoking. The person who begins to smoke will 3.__________ (对……上瘾) cigarettes and eventually he will 4.____________ (习惯于) having nicotine in his body. 5.____________ (众所周知) that smoking 6.____________ (对……有害) the health of smokers as well as the people around, and a lot of people 7.____________ (死于) lung cancer and heart disease 8.____________ (由于) smoking. What's worse, cigarettes, which are very expensive, waste a lot of money and may cause fire. So it is necessary for the government to reduce the production of tobacco and make smoking 9.____________ (不合法) so that smokers will 10.____________ (下决心戒烟)．
答案：1．relax mental stress 2.get into the habit of
3．become/be addicted to 4.become/be accustomed to
5．It is well known 6.does damage/harm to 7.die of
8．due to 9.illegal 10.decide on quitting smoking
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第二学时 Learning about Language
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、回忆课文，写出下列短语
1．童谣________________
2．轻松，不紧张________________
3．用完________________
4．由…… 构成________________
5．尤其；特别________________
答案：1．nursery rhyme 2.take it easy 3.run out of
4．be made up of 5.in particular
二、回忆课文，完成句子
1．人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
There are various reasons________________．
2．行人归来石应语。
__________________，this stone would utter speech.
3．有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许是想自己写诗歌了。
________ so many dif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ferent forms of poetry __________，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
4．你认为诗中的发言者更有可能是一个女朋友、男朋友，还是一位父亲或母亲？
Do you think the sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eaker in the poem____________be a girlfriend/boyfriend or a parent 【版权所有：21教育】
答案：1．why people write poetry 2.Should the traveller return
3．With；to choose from 4.is more likely to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1．Others try to convey certain emotions.(p.10)
其他的试图表达某种情感。
词语链接
convey v．运载，运送某人/某物；表达，传达
convey sth./sb.from...to... 传送， 运送， 输送
convey sth.to sb. 向某人表达或传达(思想、感情等)
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)They were s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o excited that they could hardly ________________(表达他们的感受) in words.
(2)Water ____________(运送) to that area by train.
(3)Please __________________(转达我的祝愿) to your mother.
(4)Your luggage________________________(将用出租车运送到酒店)．
答案：(1)convey their feelings (2)is conveyed
(3)convey my best wishes
(4)will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi
2．poem n．指具体的一首诗，是可数名词
a prose poem 散文诗
compose/write a poem 作诗
Their life is a poem.他们的生活就是一首诗。
Which line comes last in this poem
这首诗的最后一行是什么？
poetry n．诗(歌)的总称；诗意，诗趣(不可数名词)
Shakespeare and Milton are masters of English poetry.
莎士比亚和弥尔顿是英诗大师。
即学即练
选择poem 或poetry填空。
(1)He wrote a __________ praising her loveliness.
(2)You don't understand the __________ of life.
答案：(1)poem (2)poetry
3．They delight s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mall children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.(p.10)21世纪教育网版权所有
它们能使孩子们快乐，因为它们押韵，又有很强的节奏，而且重复多遍。
词语链接
delight n．欣喜，乐趣，高兴，愉快
vt.给予乐趣
be delighted to do sth. 高兴地做某事
be delighted with 对……感到高兴
be delighted at 因某事高兴
take delight in 喜欢干某事，从……中取乐
to one's delight 使某人高兴的是
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)Sandy____________________(将会很高兴见到你)．
(2)We ____________________(很高兴收到你的来信)．
(3)The manager____________________(对他的新家很满意)．
(4)The children ________________(喜欢) in playing water in the small river.www.21-cn-jy.com
(5)______________(令他高兴的是)，he received a letter from his uncle who is in America now.
答案：(1)will be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )delighted to see you (2)are delighted to receive your letter (3)is very delighted with his new house
(4)take delight (5)To his delight
4．We would have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )won if we hadn't taken it easy, if we hadn't run out of energy.(p.10)
如果我们没有放松警惕，如果我们没有精疲力竭，我们就会赢了。
词语辨析：take it/things easy；take one's time
take it/things easy指慢慢来，不过于紧张；不过于劳累， 也指休息或停止工作。
take one's time指从容不迫，拖拉，慢吞吞。
即学即练
A．用take it/things easy 与 take one's time填空。
(1)____________．The roads are wet.
(2)Many old people can ____________ after they retire.
(3)There were still ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an hour before the plane left, so we ____________ leaving.【出处：21教育名师】
答案：(1)Take it easy (2)take things easy (3)took our time
词语辨析：run out；run out of
run out指(某物)用完，耗尽，没有了；过期失效， 后面没有宾语。
run out of sth.指(某人)用完(某物)；把……撵走， 后面有宾语。
即学即练
B．用run out与run out of 填空。
(1)The car suddenly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )broke down because the petrol __________ on the way.
(2)The contract ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(合同)__________at the end of the year, and will have to be renewed (重新办理)．21*cnjy*com
(3)We ____________milk and beer and I have to get some from the nearest supermarket.
答案： (1)ran out (2)runs out (3)have run out of
5．Another simple form ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.(p.10)
另一种学生很容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的叫做五行诗。
词语辨析：
be made from；be made out of；be made of；be made up of；be made into
be made of强调当原材料制成成品后，原材料仍保持原有性质，即仍能看出原材料。
be made from强调当原材料制成成品后，失去了原有的性质或从制成品中看不出原材料。
be made out of主要用于第一种含义(be made of)，有时也用于第二种含义(be made from)。
be made up of指“由……所组成”，强调组成成分，相当于be composed of 或consist of。
be made into...材料加工成小产品。
be made by＋生产者
be made in ＋生产地
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)The textbook ____________ twelve chapters.
(2)We can ________ bottles ________glass.That's to say, glass can____________ bottles.www-2-1-cnjy-com
(3)Bamboo ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n ____________ houses，chairs，desks and many other things as well.
(4)Paper __________ wood and this table __________ wood, too.
答案：(1)is made up of/ is composed of/consists of
(2)make；out of；be made into (3)be made into
(4)is made from；is made of
6．tease vt.逗弄，取笑，戏弄
tease sb. about sth.逗弄，取笑
The naughty girl teased a boy about his curly hair.
这个顽皮的女孩取笑那个男孩的卷发。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)He hates ____________________________(别人笑他是光头)．
(2)The dog may bite you if you keep ________(逗弄它)．
(3)Don't take it seriously—he's only ________(说笑话)．
答案：(1)being teased about his bald head
(2)teasing it (3)teasing
7．minimum n．最小量，最少数，最低限度
minimum adj.最少量的，最低点的，最低限度的(作定语用)
maximum n．最大量，最大限度
maximum adj.最大量的，最大限度的
Costs should be kept to a minimum.
成本应保持在最低限度。
He smokes a minimum of ten cigarettes a day.
他一天最少吸十支香烟。
即学即练
选用上述词语填空。
(1)Our goal is to achieve the ________ of efficiency.
(2)Repairing your ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r will cost a ________ of 100 dollars.It's not so easy.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
(3)You must practise each day for a ________ of 30 minutes.
(4)The ________ speed of this car is 150 miles per hour.
答案：(1)maximum (2)minimum (3)minimum
(4)maximum
8．translation n．翻译，译文，译本，翻译(言语或文字)
translate v．翻译
translator n．译员，翻译者(指笔译者)
interpreter n．译员，翻译者(指口译者)
translate...into... 把……翻译成(转变成)……
translate...as...把……翻译成(解释为、视为)……
There is an error in translation.有一处误译。
She's doing/making an English translation of Faust.
她正在把《浮士德》译成英文。
I've only read Tolstoy in translation.
我只读过托尔斯泰小说的译著。
即学即练
选用上述词语填空。
(1)Lots of Tang poetry ____________ into English.
(2)His love of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )language inclined (促使) him towards a career as a ________．
(3)I think her ________ of the article is much better than his.
答案：(1)has been translated (2)translator
(3)translation
9．长难句结构分析
(1) or .,)
这是一个主从复合句，主句中由 or 连接两个并列谓语，that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词way。
(2) ，,).,)
这是一个主从复合句，that引导 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的是定语从句，名词cinquain后有一个同位语poem，made up of five lines作后置定语，修饰poem。
(3) the poem.
即学即练
模仿造句，并分析句子成分。
(1)王老师以一种我们永远不会忘记的方式告诉我们英语学习的重要性。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)
.,)
(2)我们英语老师表扬的那个同学是安妮，我邻居的表姐。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21cnjy.com
答案：
(2) ，.,)
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．How many ________(poetry) have you written
2．A lot of Tang poetry has been ________(translation) into English.21·cn·jy·com
3．Lihua's ________(end ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) patience in helping me with my maths really made me moved.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
4．We should not ea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the food which is too ________ (salt) because it is bad to our health.21·世纪*教育网
5．I'm really ________(delight) to see you.
6．That is a mere ________(repeat) of what you said before.
答案：1．poems 2.translated 3.endless 4.salty 5.delighted
6．repetition
二、词语活用
用框内的词语完成下列小段落。
delight sb.，be delig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hted in, be/feel delighted with sth., take delight in, to one's delight21教育网
Dear Jane，
I'm 1.________________receive your letter.What you told me in your letter 2.________ me a lot.I 3.__________________ your progress in your studies.And I 4.__________________ know that you 5.____________ joining in all kinds of activities in your university.6.____________，I see that you've grown up and become an independent girl.2-1-c-n-j-y
答案：1．delighted to 2.delights 3.feel delighted with
4．am also delighted to 5.take delight in
6．To my great delight
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．________(recite) English stories is the first step to learn English.
2．What the astronauts said ________(convey) to the families by radio.
3．Another si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mple form of poem is called cinquain, a poem ________(make) up of five lines.
4．If ________(load) too much, the car may break down easily.
5．The teacher takes g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood care of him as if he________________________________________________________________________
(be) her own son.
6．It's wrong ________(tease) a person who can not speak properly.
7．We must have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the __________(fall) trees on the ground ________(remove) as soon as possible.
8．________(try) it out, you'll find it very good.
9．This small factory ________(transform) into a large company.
10．List poems have a flexible line length and ______(repeat) phrases. 21*cnjy*com
答案：1．Reciting 2.was conveyed 3.made 4.loaded
5．were 6.to tease 7.fallen；removed 8.Trying
9．has been transformed 10.repeated
四、运用括号内的词组， 将下列句子译成英语
1．医生叫我休息几周。(take it easy)
_______________________________________________________
答案：The doctor told me to take it easy for a few weeks.
2．突然，他发现盐用完了。(run out of)
_______________________________________________________
答案：Suddenly，he found that he had run out of salt.
3．只有不断的努力和进步，方能成就有意义的生活。 (be made up of)
_______________________________________________________
答案：A life worth liv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing should be made up of continuous efforts and progress.2·1·c·n·j·y
4．警方并未真正特意为黑人群体做什么。 ( in particular)
_______________________________________________________
答案：The polic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e haven't really done anything for the black community in particular.21教育名师原创作品
5. 当那些年轻人确实要搬出去时，他们更有可能租车而不是买车。(be likely to )
_______________________________________________________
答案：When the y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oung people do move out，they are more likely to rent a car than buy one.
21世纪教育网
版权所有：21世纪教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第二学时 Learning about Language
一、回忆课文，写出下列短语
1．前往________________
2．全部焚毁________________
3．在户外工作________________
4．注意，留心________________
5．在远处，在远方________________
答案：1．make one's way 2.burn to the ground
3．work outdoors 4.take notice 5.in the distance
二、回忆课文，完成下列句子
1．收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流失，流速是多少。
____________________ the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
2．我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
I ______________ go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
3．穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓朝火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。
__________________ in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.
4．另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but ______________ my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.
答案：1．Having collected and evaluated 2.was about to
3．It was not easy to walk 4.this being
1．It shows a volcano erupting.What do you know about volcanoes？(p.33)
此图说明了火山是怎么爆发的。你对火山知道些什么呢？
词语链接
erupt vi.(火山)爆发，喷发
eruption n. [C, U] (火山)爆发，喷发
erupt into (搏斗、暴力事件、噪音等)突然发生，爆发
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)Hot ashes and molten lava ______________(从火山口喷发出来)．
(2)He ______________(突然大笑起来) without any reason.
(3)Violence ________(爆发) outside the embassy gates (大使馆门外)．
答案：(1)erupted from the volcano
(2)erupted into laughter (3)erupted
2．Sometimes working outdoors... I'm never bored.(p.34)
有时在室外工作……但是我从来不感到工作烦人。
词语链接
bore vt.使厌烦； 烦扰
bored adj. (人)厌烦的
boring adj.(物)令人厌烦的
bore sb. with sth. 用某事烦扰某人
be bored to death/tears 使某人厌烦得要命/哭出来
即学即练
用bored, boring, bore 填空。
(1)Don't ________ me with your foolish questions.
(2)I hope you're not getting ____________by my conversation.
(3)The leader ________everyone by his long and ______speech.
答案：(1)bore (2)bored (3)bored；boring
3．...because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.(p.34)
因为危险能激励我，使我感到有活力。
词语链接
excite vt.使激动；使兴奋
excited (人) 兴奋的，激动的
exciting (事物) 使人激动的，令人兴奋的
become/get excited at/about/over/with
因……而激动/兴奋
to one's excitement 使某人兴奋的是
即学即练
用excited, exciting, excite, excitement填空。
(1)Strong coffee __________ your nerves.
(2)I was very ____________ when I knew that I had passed the visa interview.
(3)His ____________ at the news was beyond description.
(4)Do you think the president's speech____________？
答案：(1)excites (2)excited (3)excitement (4)exciting
4．I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory twenty years ago.(p.34)
作为火山学家，20年前我被派往夏威夷火山观测站工作。
词语链接
appoint v．委派，任命
appointment n. 约会，预约，职务
appoint...as 委派/任命某人担任某工作
make an appointment 预约，约定
by appointment 根据预约
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)You can visit this tower only ______________(根据预约)．
(2)Mr.Smith ________________(被任命为) headmaster at the school.
(3)This is his ____________(首次任职) and it's natural that he seems so excited.
(4)She ______________(预约) for her son to see the dentist (牙医)．
答案：(1)by appointment (2)was appointed as
(3)first appointment (4)made an appointment
5．Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(p.34)
收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去，流速是多少。
词语链接
evaluate vt.评估，评价
evaluation n．评估，评价，评估报告
evaluate one's ability 对一个人的能力进行评估
evaluating system 评价体系
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)You'd better ____________(评估他的能力) before you make the decision.
(2)Please ______________(估计成功的可能性) before you sign the contract (合同)．
(3)Something must be done to improve the __________(评价体系)．
答案：(1)evaluate his ability
(2)evaluate the chances of success
(3)evaluating system
6．Unfortunately, we can't move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.(p.34)
遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。
词语链接
burn to the ground (楼房等)完全烧毁
burn... to death 烧死
burn up 烧掉，烧光
burn down 烧毁 (强调破坏性)
burn alive 活活烧死
即学即练
选用上述词语填空。
(1)The whole city ____________ in the big fire.
(2)The house ____________in five minutes.
(3)More than 100 people ____________ and another 100 escaped luckily.
(4)The heroine____________，but her death encouraged her people to fight bravely with their enemy.
答案：(1)was burnt to the ground/burnt down
(2)was burned down/burned to the ground
(3)were burnt to death (4)was burnt alive
7．...we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater.(p.35)
我们慢慢走向火山口的边缘。
词语链接
make one's way向某地走去；有出息，有进步
feel one's way 摸索前进
push one's way 挤过
find one's way 找到路，设法到达
go one's way 走自己的路，我行我素
fight one's way 奋勇前进
wind one's /its way 蜿蜒前进
lose one's way 迷路
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)When the concert was over, we ________________(从大厅里走出来)．
(2)If you want to __________(有出息) in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
(3)He ________________(挤过人群) and ran quickly towards his girlfriend.
(4)No matter what others may say about you, you should __________(走自己的路)till you succeed.
答案：(1)made our way out of the hall (2)make your way
(3)pushed his way through the crowd
(4)go your way
8．I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.(p.35)
但是我至今对火山的壮丽景色以及它那潜在的巨大破坏力仍然感到惊愕不已。
potential n．潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，潜伏的
思维拓展
观察下列各句中potential的词性和意义。
(1)He has a potential for playing football.
他有踢足球的潜质(n.)。
(2)You should realize your potential．
你应该认识到你的潜力(n.)。
(3)This is a potential problem and we must know how much it matters.
这是一个潜在的 问题，我们必须要知道它的重要性。(adj.)
9.What does the writer find impressive about volcanoes even after studying them for many years (p.35)
研究火山长达许多年后，作者发现火山的哪些方面给人印象深刻？
词语链接
impress v．给予某人深刻印象
impression n．印象，感觉
impressive adj.给人深刻印象的
impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事物
make/leave an impression upon/on sb.
给某人留下深刻印象
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)While I really don't like art, I find his work ________(给人印象深刻)．
(2)He ____________(给我们留下了深刻的印象) with his good sense of humour.
(3)His words ____________________________________________________________
(铭刻在我的记忆里)．
(4)His first speech as president (给听众留下了深刻的印象)．(p.34)
答案：(1)impressive (2)impressed us
(3)impressed themselves on my memory
(4)made a strong impression on his audience
10．Although my job is occasionally dangerous I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.
虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险，但是我并不在乎，因为危险激励我，使我感到有活力。
词语辨析：living；alive；live
这三个形容词都表示“活的”的意思，但在具体含义和用法上有区别。
living既可以用作名词也可用作形容词。作名词时，表示“生存、生计、过活”。作形容词时，表示“活的”，可用于指人也可用于指物，可作定语也可作表语；指人时既可表示“健在”，还可表示在某段时间是活着的，尤其是指和死相对的“活着”。
alive多用于指人，往往指虽有死的可能，但目前还活着，强调“活着的”。在句中多作表语，也可用作后置定语或补语。
live作形容词，主要用于指物，表示“活的、有生命的”，还可表示“实况转播的”。一般只用作定语，放在名词前。
A living language should be learned orally.
活的语言应该通过口头来学习。(作定语修饰事物)
He earned a living as a salesman.
他当推销员谋生。(名词)
His father was still living when his mother died.
他母亲死时，他父亲还在世。
Is your grandfather still living？
你爷爷还在世/健在吗？
The old man is still alive.那位老人还活着。(含有“病情很重，但目前还没有死”的意思)
He was caught alive and the others were killed.
他被活捉，其他人都被杀了。
You won't see live animals in a museum.
在博物馆里，你将看不到活的动物。
This is a live TV program.
这是现场直播的电视节目。
即学即练
选用上述单词填空。
(1)We caught a fish __________ yesterday.
(2)He earned a __________ by selling oranges.
(3)There is a __________ concert on Channel V at the moment.
答案：(1)alive (2)living (3)live
11．suit n．[C]一套服装，套装
vt.适合，适宜；满足(某人)需要；(服装，颜色等)相配；合身
suitable adj.适合的，适宜的，相配的
He looked very smart in a pale gray suit.
他穿浅灰色的套装看起来很干练。
She picked out a black suit.
她挑了套黑色西装。
Yellow suits you.You should wear it more often.
你适合穿黄色，你该多穿黄色衣服。
The arrangement suited us both.
这个安排对我们两人都合适。
Would Sunday morning suit you
星期天早上对你合适吗？
即学即练
选用上述单词填空。
(1)These films are ________ for adults only.
(2)I've found a job that ________ me down to the ground.
(3)He is wearing a black ________．
答案：(1)suitable (2)suits (3)suit
12．长难句结构分析
(1)Although my job is occasionally dangerous,(让步状语从句))
because danger excites me and makes me feel alive,(原因状语从句 ))．,)
这是一个复合句。I don't mind是主句，主句前后各有一个状语从句。
(2)Unfortunately， and .,)
这是一个并列句。and连接两个并列分句，第二个并列分句中有两个并列谓语：have been covered和(have been)burned。
(3) because no one lives near the top of,表语从句)
，,)where the rocks fall,定语从句)．),\s\do5())
即学即练
模仿造句，并分析句子成分。
(1)虽然我的钱已花完了，但我并不在乎，因为我知道妻子会帮我走出困境的。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)她们正在天池泡澡时，一只鸟飞过，在最年轻女孩的裙子上扔了一颗小水果。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1) .,)
(2) when and
.,)
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．However，the ________(erupt) itself is really exciting to watch.
2．Feeling ________，I left the theatre before the play ended，because it was deadly ________．(bore)
3．The weather ________ (various) from very cold to quite mild.
4．The school has only been open for six months，so it's hard ________(estimate) its success.
5．Please fill in the ________(question) in 3 minutes.
6．She tested all her __________(equip) before starting the experiment.
7．They ________(appointment) him to be a chairman.
答案：1．eruption 2.bored；boring 3.varies
4．to estimate 5.questionaire 6.equipment
7．appointed
二、词语活用
1．用与way相关的词语完成下列小段落。
It was winter，Grusoe and his friends (1)__________ to the nearest beach.It was very crowded，so they had to (2)________ towards the cleanest waters，where they found a boy who (3)________ and was crying loudly.
答案：(1)made their way (2)push their way
(3)lost his way
2．用feel one's way, wind one's way, lose one's way, find one's way, fight one's way等词语自编一个小段落。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：When he lost his way in the jungle，it was completely dark.He had to stop as it was impossible to feel his way in the dark.He sat by the fire he made to scare wild animals，imagining himself being eaten by a fierce wolf or tiger，feeling very frightened.Luckily for him，nothing happened during the night.At daybreak，he fought his way through the jungle and came to a little path which wound its way through a valley and to a small village.He went along the path and found his way home there with the help of an old man.Five days later，he arrived home，hungry，tired but safe.
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．I ________ (go) along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ________(occur)．
2．Mr.Smith, ________ of the ________speech, started to read a novel (bore)．
3．Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ________ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4 (reach)．
4．I ________(appoint) as a teacher ________(work) at the normal university(师范大学)．
5．________(collect) and evaluated the information, I helped them make a proper decision.
6．Some students went to the mountains________(collect) some plants for their courses.
7．I heard a strange sound, like a railway train ________(pass) my window.
8．____________(work) hard all day, I went to bed early.
答案：1．was going; occurred 2.bored; boring
3．reaching 4.was appointed；working
5．Having collected 6.to collect 7.passing
8．Having worked
四、运用括号内的词组， 将下列句子译成英语
1．如果当你经历一段困难的时光时你能保持积极的心态，你就会更快地让自己感觉好起来。(make one's way)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：If you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.
2．整座城市都被烧光了。(burn to the ground)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The whole city was burned to the ground.
3．清爽的秋日里在户外工作是很愉快的。(work outdoors)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：It's great to work outdoors during brisk fall days.
4．全世界一定要关注这样的事情。(take notice)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The entire world must take notice of something like this.
5. 我们突然看见她在远处。(in the distance)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：We suddenly saw her in the distance.本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第三学时 Using Language
Reading，listening and speaking
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
阅读“The best of Manhattan's Art Galleries”，然后根据课文内容选出最佳选项。21世纪教育网版权所有
1．The passage may probably come from ________．
A．a newspaper B．a magazine
C．a guidebook D．a textbook
答案：C
2．You must walk all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the way instead of taking a lift if you visit ________．【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A．Metropolitan Museum of Art
B．Whitney Museum of American Art
C．Museum of Modern Art
D．Guggenheim Museum
答案：D
3．You can expect to see videos in ________．
A．Metropolitan Museum of Art
B．Museum of Modern Art
C．The Frick Collection
D．Whitney Museum of American Art
答案：D
4．If you want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )know how people lived 5，000 years ago, you should visit ________．www.21-cn-jy.com
A．Metropolitan Museum of Art
B．Whitney Museum of American Art
C．Museum of Modern Art
D．Guggenheim Museum
答案：A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Part A Reading Aloud
模仿朗读下面一段话，并注意语音语调。
This museum owns 5，0 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )00 superb modern paintings，?sculptures?and drawings.?These art works are not⌒all displayed/at the same time. The exhibition is always changing.?It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and Post Impressionist paintings. The Guggenheim Museum building is also world famous. When you walk⌒into the gallery, you feel as⌒if you were inside a fragile, white seashell. The best way to see the paintings/is to start from the top floor/and walk down to the bottom. There are no stairs，/just⌒a circular path.?The museum also has an excellent restaurant.?21教育名师原创作品
Part B Role Play
情景介绍：Jane和Smith谈论参观曼哈顿的几大艺术画廊。
角色：Jane和Smith
任务：(1)请根据中文提示提出问题。
(2)请你的同学根据课文内容回答你的提问，然后你们互换角色进行口语练习。
Q1：你知道弗里克收藏馆的位置吗？在那里你能看到些什么？
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21·cn·jy·com
答案：Q1：Do you know w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here The Frick Collection is and what you can see there
A1：The Frick Co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llection is a famous art gallery in New York.You can see an excellent collection of pre twentieth century Western paintings and explore Frick's beautiful house as well.
Q2：大都会艺术博物馆珍藏着美国最好的艺术品，对吗？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q2: Metropolitan M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )useum of Art is the greatest collection of art in the United States，isn't it 【版权所有：21教育】
A2：Yes，it is.
Q3：大都会艺术博物馆陈列什么艺术品？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q3：What does Metropolitan Museum of Art display
A3：The museum introduces you the ancient ways of living.
Q4：哪个艺术馆珍藏了从19世纪末到21世纪的伟大艺术作品？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21cnjy.com
答案：Q4：Where can we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )find great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century
A4：In Museum of Modern Art.
Q5：你认为惠特尼美国艺术博物馆有什么独特之处？为什么？
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2-1-c-n-j-y
答案：Q5：What do you thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k is special about Whitney Museum of American Art Why 2·1·c·n·j·y
A5：The Whitney Mus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eum of American Art holds an excellent collection of contemporary American paintings and sculpture and it is special for the displays in the museum and exhibitions change all the time.
Part C Retelling
请用自己的话复述课文，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：gallery，paintings，collection，art，display
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The Frick Collect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion is a famous small gallery in New York where you can see an excellent collection of pre twentieth century Western paintings and explore Frick's beautiful house.While Metropolitan Museum of Art，the greatest collection of art in the United States，covers more than 5，000 years of civilization from many parts of the world，it displays not only art，but also introduces you the ancient ways of living or other special exhibitions.Besides, you can find great works of art from the late 19th to 21st century in Museum of Modern Art，whose admission is not cheap.And The Whitney Museum of American Art holds an excellent collection of contemporary American painting and sculpture and it is special for the displays in the museum and exhibitions change all the time.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
1．Frick had a pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ference for pre twentieth century Western paintings.(p.6)
弗里克偏爱20世纪前期的西方作品。
词语链接
preference n．喜爱，偏爱，爱好
give a preference to sb./sth.给某人/某物以优惠
have a preference for sb./sth.喜爱某人/某物
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The sports you take part in will depend on____________(个人爱好)．21教育网
(2)We will ________________ (给毕业生优惠) of our own university.
(3)My brother ________________(偏爱物理)．
答案：(1)personal pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ference (2)give a preference to graduates (3)has a preference for physics
2．You can also expl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore Frick's beautiful home and garden which are well worth a visit.(p.6)
你也可以考察弗里克漂亮的公寓和花园，它们也是很值得一看的。
词语链接
worth adj.值；相等于……的价格
be worth doing 值得做
be worth ＋ n．值……
The novel is so exciting that it is worth reading a second time.
这本小说非常精彩，很值得再读一次。
The capital city Beijing is well worth a visit.
首都北京很值得一看。
The diamond necklace is not worth one million pounds.
这钻石项链不值一百万英镑。
词语辨析：be worth；be worthy
be worth与be wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rthy都可以用来表示“……值得做”， 但是两者使用时有区别。前者后面跟动名词或者名词， 尤其指某个具体的价格， 表示“值多少钱”； 后者要跟动名词的被动形式或者不定式的被动语态， 也可以跟一个名词，即构成be worthy of being done，be worthy to be done和 be worthy of a．..三个搭配。
即学即练
请改写句子。
Beijing, a historical city, is worth visiting.
(1)____________________________________________________
(2)____________________________________________________
(3)____________________________________________________
(4)____________________________________________________
答案：(1)Beijing，a historical city，is worth a visit.
(2)Beijing，a historical city，is worthy of being visited.
(3)Beijing，a historical city，is worthy to be visited.
(4)Beijing，a historical city，is worthy of a visit.21·世纪*教育网
3．It will app ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eal to those who love Impressionist and Post Impressionist paintings.(p.6)www-2-1-cnjy-com
这对那些喜欢印象派画家以及后印象派画家作品的人很有吸引力。
词语链接
appeal n．呼吁；恳求
v．有感染力；将……上诉；求助
appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁/吸引某人做某事
appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The company is __________(上诉反对) the ruling(判决)．
(2)Organizers ________(呼吁)the crowd ________(参加) the parade (游行)． 21*cnjy*com
(3)The Beatles have never really lost their ______(吸引力)．
(4)This design ______________(受到多数年轻人的喜爱)．
答案：(1)appealing against (2)appeal to; to join in
(3)appeal (4)appeals to most young people
4．This covers more th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an 5，000 years of civilization from many parts of the world.(p.6)【出处：21教育名师】
它的艺术品收藏涵盖了5 000多年来世界上众多国家的文明史。
词语链接
cover vt.遮着，覆盖；足够，足数；走(一段路程)；
包括，包罗，适用于
be covered with 被……覆盖
思维拓展
观察下列各句中cover的意思。
(1)We had to cover the broken table with a piece of cloth.
我们只好用一块布盖住破烂的桌子。
(2) It covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers.
它占地一百六十万平方公里。
(3)By sunset，we had already_covered more than thirty miles.
太阳落山时，我们已走了三十多英里。
(4)100 dollars can_not_cover all our expenses.
一百美元支付不了我们所有的开销。
(5)What he talked in his lecture didn't cover the subject fully.
他的讲座并没有涵盖该学科所有的问题。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
一、单词拼写
1．It is difficult to f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind him. He doesn't have a ________ (固定的) address.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2．Xu Beihong has a gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at influence on ________ (当代的) Chinese painting.21*cnjy*com
3．The history ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )student hoped to compare the ________ (文明) of ancient China and Egypt.
4．His approach had won him a ________(名声) as a tough manager.
5．Many elderly p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople expressed a strong ________ (偏爱) to live in their own homes.
答案：1．permanent 2.contemporary 3.civilization 4.reputation
5．preference
二、完成下列句子
1．奇怪的是，这个男孩竟然喜欢红色。
Strangely，the boy __________________ red.
2．周末时，我们会给顾客优惠。
At weekends，customers __________________．
3．这个问题值得我们讨论。
This problem ____________________________．
4．我很想到大学深造。
I __________________________ in the university.
5．我当时觉得自己好像在梦中一样。
I ____________ I was dreaming at the time.
6．昨晚下了一场大雪，现在地面被雪覆盖了。
It snowed heavily las ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t night，and as a result，the ground ________________．
7．我们呼吁公众要尽力保护水资源。
We____________the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ublic that we should do our best to protect water resources.
答案：1．has a preference for 2.will be given a preference
3．is worth discus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sing/is worthy of being discussed/is worth a discussion 4.feel like having a further study 5.felt like 6.is covered with snow 7.appeal to
三、运用所学的语言基础知识，完成下列短文
The famous archi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tects designed their buildings like dreams, 1.________ (充满) fantastic colours and shapes. The Opera House in Sydney 2.____________ (使人们想起) seashells. The 2008 Olympic Stadium in Beijing 3.________ (看起来像) a bird's nest made of tree branches. These buildings 4.________ (使相信) people that if architects had not had special mind about the art, we would not have the chance to enjoy the beauty of art works. They seem so touching that I would rather visit them 5.________ (本人，亲自) now. I dream some day I can design a building that would 6.____________ (引起注意) people all over the world.
答案：1．full of 2.remi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds people of 3.looks like 4.convince 5.in the flesh 6.draw the attention of
21世纪教育网
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21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网第三学时 Using Language
Reading，listening and speaking
阅读“What Can We Do About Global Warming？”然后根据课文内容选出最佳选项。
1．Which is not the reason why Ouyang Guang writes the letter
A．He is doing a project on global warming.
B．He feels individuals can affect huge environmental problems.
C．He isn't sure where to start with his project.
D．He wants to get some suggestions from Earth Care.
答案：B
2．Which is not true according to the editor's letter
A．Together, individuals can make a difference to environmental problems.
B．Individuals must put up with pollution.
C．Many activities individuals do can produce carbon dioxide.
D．Individuals can save energy to slow down global warming.
答案：B
3．Which is not Earth Care's suggestion
A．Turn electrical appliances off if you are not using them.
B．Put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.
C．Buy things made of raw materials.
D．Walk or ride a bike if you can.
答案：C
4．What's the main idea of the two letters
A．Some organizations should do something about global warming.
B．Suggestions on what to do about global warming.
C．Individuals needn't do anything about global warming.
D．Governments should take measures about global warming.
答案：B
Part A Reading Aloud
模仿朗读下面一段话，并注意语音语调。
There are many people/who have⌒a commitment like yours, but they do not believe/they have the power to do anything to improve our environment.?That⌒is not true. Together, individuals can make⌒a difference. We do not have to put⌒up with pollution.?The growth⌒of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide in the air actually comes as⌒a result⌒of many things/we do every day. Here are a few suggestions/on how to reduce⌒it. They should get you started with your project.?
? Part B Role play
情景介绍：欧阳光和“关爱地球”组织的小明在谈论全球变暖的问题。
角色：欧阳光和小明
任务：(1)请根据中文提示提出问题。
(2)请你的同学根据课文内容回答你的提问，然后你们互换角色进行口语练习。
Q1：欧阳光正在做一项什么研究？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q1：What project is Ouyang Guang doing
A1：He is doing a project at school on what he can do about global warming.
Q2：他有什么困难？他然后干了什么？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q2：What is his problem？What does he do then
A2：He feels individuals cannot have any effect on such huge environmental problems and he is not sure where to start with his project.Then he writes to Earth Care to get some suggestions.
Q3：“关爱地球”组织认为个人起不了作用吗？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q3：Does Earth Care agree that individuals have no power to do anything about global warming
A3：No.Earth Care thinks“Together，individuals can make a difference”．
Q4：是什么导致全球变暖？
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Q4：What causes global warming according to Earth Care
A4：The greenhouse gas，carbon dioxide.
Q5：提了什么建议？
________________________________________________________________________
答案： Q5：So what are the suggestions about
A5：Most of its suggestions are about reducing the carbon dioxide content in the air and saving energy as much as we can.
Part C Retelling
请用自己的话复述课文，你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：research，global warming
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Nowadays，Ouyang Guang is doing a project at school on what he can do about global warming，but he feels individuals cannot have any effect on such huge environmental problems and he is not sure where to start with his project.So he writes to Earth Care to get some suggestions.And Earth Care tells him that together，individuals can make a real difference and that it is the greenhouse gas，carbon dioxide that causes the global warming.So most of its suggestions are about reducing the carbon dioxide content in the air and saving energy as much as we can in our daily.
1．However，I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.(p.30)
然而，我仍然认为我们应该提倡改进使用能源的方式。
词语链接
advocate v．拥护，支持，提倡
n．拥护者，支持者
advocate doing sth.提倡做某事
advocate that... 提倡……
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The report ______________________(提倡拓宽所有的道路)．
(2)Professor White ______________(提倡表扬) your child for good behavior.
(3)He was ________(坚定的支持者) for President Black.
答案：(1)advocated that all the roads should be widened
(2)advocated rewarding (3)a firm advocate
2．There are many people who have a commitment like yours.(p.30)
许多人像你一样提出了这个承诺。
词语链接
commitment 承诺，许诺
have a commitment 作出承诺
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)The consumers are interested in the company's ________ to decrease the prices of its products.
(2)She didn't want to ____________ to Peter at that time.
答案：(1)commitment (2)make a commitment
3．Together, individuals can make a difference.(p.30)
众人拾柴火焰高。
词语链接
make a/no/some difference (to/in sb./sth.)有(或没有/有些)作用，关系，影响
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The rain __________________________(对比赛没多大影响)．
(2)The sea air ________________________(改善了她的健康状况)．
(3)It ____________(关系不大) whether you go today or tomorrow.
答案：(1)didn't make much difference to the game
(2)has made a difference to her health
(3)won't make much difference
4．so long as＝as long as 只要……就……，引导状语从句
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)______________(只要你开心), it doesn't matter what you do.
(2)You can go out, ______________(只要你答应) to be back before 11 o'clock.
答案：(1)As long as you're happy
(2)as long as you promise
5．on behalf of 代表某人(也可用on/in sb.'s behalf)，为了……(的利益)
On behalf of everyone here，I'd like to thank our special guest for his inspiring speech.
我代表在座诸位，感谢我们的特邀嘉宾令人鼓舞的讲话。
Mr. Knight cannot be here，so his wife will accept the prize on his behalf.
奈特先生不能来，因此由他的夫人代他领奖。
We do it on behalf of the cause of peace.
我们这样做是为了和平事业(的利益)。
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)1914年英国代表整个帝国向德国宣战。
Britain declared war on Germany in 1914 ______________________．
(2)她们代表女学生向女王献花。
They presented the Queen with a bouquet __________________．
答案：(1)on behalf of the entire empire
(2)on behalf of the women students
6．put up with容忍，忍受
I don't know how she puts up with him.
我不明白她怎么受得了他。
I'm not going to put up with their smoking any longer.
我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。
词语链接
put up举起；张贴；建造；投宿；搭起
put away收拾，积蓄，放好
put back放回原位；拖延，延误
put down放下；记下；镇压
put off推迟，使延期，使失去兴趣
put on穿上；发胖；上演
put out将……扔到外面；扑灭
put forward把……提前；提出建议
即学即练
选用上述短语完成下列句子。
(1)In order to buy his daughter a new car as a birthday present，Smith __________ a sum of money in the bank.
(2)Never ____________ until tomorrow what you can do today.
(3)The fireman soon __________ the fire __________．
(4)Another supermarket has been ____________ near our house.
(5)I can't ____________ a lot of noisy people when I am working.
答案：(1)put away (2)put off (3)put；out
(4)put up (5)put up with
7．circumstance n．情况，环境，境况，条件
His circumstances are poor.他的境况很糟。
The man had to leave his country through force of circumstances.
为环境所逼，这个人不得不离开他的国家。
Under no circumstances should you help him cheat in the exam.
你无论如何都不该帮他考试作弊。
词语链接
in/under no circumstances无论如何不，决不(位于句首时，句子要使用倒装形式)
in/under the circumstances在这种情况下
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)In normal __________________ I would have resigned immediately.
(2)__________________ should you forget your task.
答案：(1)circumstances
(2)Under/In no circumstances
8．Remember－your contribution counts！(p.30)
记住，你的贡献很有价值！
词语链接
count v．有价值，有影响力；有重要性；数，点数目；包括
countable adj.能算的，可计算的，可数的
uncountable adj.不可数的
即学即练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)________ the votes ____________ yet
(2)The word “person” is a ________ noun.
(3)Jane ____________ among the greatest dancers of the century.
答案：(1)Have；been counted (2)countable
(3)was counted
一、单词拼写
1．He ____________(提倡) reducing military spending.
2．In no ____________(环境)can you leave your position. That is you must stick to your position.
3．His ____________(漫不经心的) manner annoyed his girlfriend.
4．The ____________(数据) we have collected are not enough to be convincing.
5．There are some ____________(分歧) whether the disease is curable.
答案：1．advocated 2.circumstances 3.casual 4.data
5．disagreements
二、用恰当的介词、副词或连词填空
1．－What do you think of the house
－________ the whole, it is good except that it is somewhat damp.
2．Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ________they knew it to be valuable.
3．What one thinks and feels results __________ tradition, habit and his education which may result ________his character.
4．He has been here for about fifteen years and has built ________ a good image.
5．What's the use ________a greenhouse A greenhouse is made ________glass and is used ________growing plants.
6．The rice straw tied ________the trees helps them to grow ________ the cold period.
7．That probably does not seem much to you ________me, ________it is a rapid increase ________compared to other natural changes.
8．All scientists subscribe ________the view that it is human activity ________ has caused this global warming.
9．She made a commitment ________ she would study harder, ________ made her mother really happy.
10．Try your best from now on ________ you may have a chance to catch up with your classmates.
答案：1．On 2.even if 3.from；in 4.up
5．of；of；for 6.around；throughout 7.or；but；when
8．to；that 9.that；which 10.and
三、运用所学的语言基础知识，完成下列短文
1．____________ (与……相比) the last century, the Earth's surface temperature has 2.____________ (上升了) about 1 degree centigrade today. 3.__________________ (其实；事实上), we may feel that we can hardly 4.____________ (忍受) much too hot summers and we can't 5.____________ (习惯于) warm winters. The rise of the Earth's surface temperature has 6.________________ (有很大影响) to human health, the 7.____________ (生存) of creatures and the balance of the environment. 8.____________ (条件允许的话), all countries in the world should spare no effort to improve our environment. Without all people's 9.__________ (共同努力), what would our future be like
答案：1．Compared to/with 2.risen by 3.As a matter of fact 4.put up with 5.get used to 6.made much difference 7.existence 8.Conditions permitting 9.join efforts本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
第一学时 Reading and Comprehension
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
The power of poetry
Reading and writing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )poetry is a very personal experience. Poems use language as a way of expressing their feelings，whether positive ones of love, happiness and hope, or negative feelings like anger and fear. Poems can describe the beauty of nature，a person，a dream or a memorable(值得纪念的) event. Most people have tried writing poetry at some time，for example at school.21·cn·jy·com
For children it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a good way to explore language and have fun with words as well as to express themselves.
But teachers and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )psychologists (心理学家) have found another use for poetry as a form of therapy(治疗) to help people with problems. Writing poetry can help people deal with changes in their lives, death or feelings of sadness, drug or alcohol problems or serious illness.21·世纪*教育网
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Task 1
仔细阅读课文“A Few Simple Forms of English Poems”，根据课文内容选出最佳选项。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
1．Poem A is about ________．
A．a father is going to buy his baby a billy goat
B．a father is going to buy his baby a mockingbird
C．a father shows his love for his baby
D．a father is going to buy his baby a diamond ring
答案：C
2．Which two poems have rhyming lines
A．Poems A and B. B．Poems C and D.
C．Poems E and F. D．Poems G and H.
答案：A
3．Which two poems give you clear pictures in your mind
A．Poems A and C. B．Poems F and G.
C．Poems B and D. D．Poems E and H.
答案：B
4．The reason why th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e players in poem C lost the game is that ________．21教育网
A．they stayed up too late the night before
B．they didn't have thousands of fans screaming
C．they ran out of energy
D．they didn't play well enough
答案：D
Task 2
再次阅读课文“A Few Simple Forms of English Poems”，完成下列的表格。21世纪教育网版权所有
Forms of Poems Characteristics
Nursery Rhymes The language is 1.________ but imaginatve and 2.________ small children.
The language rhymes, and has strong rhythm and a lot of 3.________.
The poems may seem 4.________， but they are easy to learn and recite.
List Poems They have a 5.________ line length and repeated phrases which give both a 6.________ and a rhythm to the poem.Some rhyme while others do not.
The Cinquain The poem 7.________ five lines and 8.________ a strong picture in just a few words.
Haiku The poem is ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de up of 17 9.________ ，gives a clear picture and creates a special feeling using the 10.________ of words.
Tang Poems The translations have free forms.
答案：1．concrete 2.delights 3.repetition 4.contradictory
5．flexible 6.pattern 7.is made up of 8.conveys
9．syllables 10.minimum
Task 3
根据课文“A Few Simple Forms of English Poems”，在下面空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。21cnjy.com
There are 1.__________(vary) reasons why people write poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression. Others try 2.________ convey certain emotions. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express 3.________. For example：www.21-cn-jy.com
Poem A is a common ty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pe of nursery poetry，whose language is concrete but 4.________(imagine). However they delight small children 5.________ rhyme，and a lot of repetition.2·1·c·n·j·y
Poem B and C ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e one of the simplest kinds of poems 6.________ list things with a rhyme line length and repeated phrases giving both a pattern and a rhythm.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Poem D and E are anoth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er form of poems 7.________(make) up of five lines，with which students can convey a strong picture in just a few words.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A Japanese form of poe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )try，not traditional but popular with English writers，is made up of 17 8.________(syllable)，which can give a clear picture and create a special feeling 9.________(use) the minimum of words.2-1-c-n-j-y
Poem H，a 10._ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______(translate) from the Chinese，is another form of Asian poetry. 21*cnjy*com
答案：1．various 2.to 3.themselves 4.imaginative 5.by
6．which 7.made 8.syllables 9.using 10.translation
21世纪教育网
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21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网
