2023-2024学年高中英语社团第二讲 春分 the Spring Equinox学案（含答案）
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英语社团第二讲
春分 the Spring Equinox
1 春分的“分”有两个含义，一个是“昼夜平分”，在春分这天，太阳直射赤道，昼夜等长。After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
春分过后，太阳直射点向北移动，导致北半球白昼逐渐变长，南半球的夜越来越长。
hemisphere / hem sf (r)/ ：半球
春分的另一个含义是“季节平分”。古时以立春到立夏之间为春季，而春分日正处于两个节气之中，正好平分了春季。昼夜平分点的英文表达为“Equinox [ ekw nɑ ks]”，所以春分是The Spring Equinox。
春分有两种英语表达方式：
① Vernal Equinox
② the Spring Equinox
Vernal 英 ['v nl] 美 ['v rnl] adj. 春天的；青春的；春天般清新的
Equinox 英 ['i kw n ks] 美 ['i kw nɑ ks] n. 昼夜平分点；春分或秋分
意为“一年中白昼和黑夜长度相同的日子”，这样的日子一年只有两次，春分和秋分。
2春分相关词汇
equator n.赤道indicate v.表示equally adv.相等地Causes of Equinox 形成原因
north hemisphere n.北半球 temperature n.气温 Meaning 春分的寓意
astronomy n.天文学over generations 世世代代in regular cycles 定期循环，周期性地shrug off v.摆脱thaw v.解冻frozen adj.冰冻的，冰封的plant crops 种植庄稼hibernat over winter 越冬den n.兽穴Tradition 传统习俗folklore n.民俗stand a raw egg on its end 把鸡蛋竖起来A has nothing to do with B A和B没有什么关系Dietary advice 春分饮食小贴士pay more attention to 更加关注the balance of ... …的平衡crab n.螃蟹prawn n.对虾ginger n.姜vinegar n.醋
3春分三候
1、一候玄鸟至The Black Bird Arrives
“玄鸟”指燕子，燕子是春分来，秋分去的候鸟。燕子飞到家的屋檐下筑巢，开始准备哺育下一代，这是祥瑞之兆。
"Black bird"in this case refers to the swallow, a migratory bird that comes at the spring equinox and goes at the autumn equinox. The swallow flies to the eaves to build its nest and begin preparing for the next generation, which is a symbol of good luck.
2、二候雷乃发声
The Thunder Sounds
这时节，正是乍暖还寒时候，南北方的气团相冲，云层活动非常活跃，自然就产生了雷鸣之声。
At this time of year, when it is still a little bit cold, the clouds are very active as the air masses from the north and south meet, which naturally produces the sound of thunder.
3、三候始电The Lightning Begins
雷乃声、电乃光，雷电本是一体。但古人却认为雷电和风雨一样，是几乎同时出现的两种不同的事物。
Thunder is sound and lightning is light; they are supposed to be one thing. But the ancient Chinese considered thunder and lightning, like wind and rain, as two different things that occur almost simultaneously.
4春分花信 春分三候有不同的花卉绽放：一候海棠、二候梨花、三候木兰。1、The Begonia
海棠体积小，花瓣呈弯曲的椭圆形。薄而精致的花朵颜色从淡粉色到艳粉色不等，花蕊呈黄色，花茎呈粉红色。
Begonias are small in size, and have oval and curved petals. The thin, delicate flowers range in color from pale pink to bright pink and have a yellow center with crisp, pink stems.
2、The Pear Flower
随着春天天气变暖，梨花的花蕾开放，舒展开平整的白色花瓣。每一片花瓣都有精致的波浪状外观，和柔软光滑、天鹅绒般的质地。
As the weather becomes warmer in the spring, the buds of pear blossoms open, uncurling broad and flat, white petals. Each petal has a delicate, slightly wavy appearance with a soft, smooth, and velvety texture.
3、The Magnolia
木兰是舒展的落叶乔木，其特点是大而芬芳的花朵，呈碗状或星状，有白、粉、紫、绿或黄等颜色。
Magnolias are spreading and deciduous trees, characterised by large fragrant flowers which may be bowl-shaped or star-shaped, in shades of white, pink, purple, green or yellow.
5春分英语小百科
1、春分发生在什么时间？
春分发生在每年3月21日前后，在这天太阳正好直射于赤道。
"Vernal Equinox” arrives around March 21 every year and on this day, the sun is vertically above a point on the equator.
2、春分节气代表了什么？
春分”代表了2层意思。第一，这一天白天和夜晚时间等长，都只有12个小时。第二，它是春季的中间点。
“Vernal Equinox” indicates two meanings. Firstly, on this day, the night and day are approximately equally long with 12 hours each. Secondly, it’s the mid-point for the spring season.“
3、形成原因
春分是在春天中期，通常在每年的三月20或者21号。这一天，太阳直射赤道，所以白天、黑夜是一样长的。
Vernal Equinox is the middle of spring and usually on the 20 or 21 of March every year. On this day, the sun directly blazes down the equator, so that day and night is equal in length.
4、气候特征
从春分以后，太阳继续向北半球移动，气温持续上升。在中国大部分区域，日均气温为0°以上。
After this day, the sun continues to move to the north hemisphere and the temperature continues to rise. Daily average temperature in most areas in China reaches 0 degree Celsius above.
5、春分的寓意
活了几千年的人类可能并不是很清楚这个天文学上的详细原因，但是世世代代的人们都知道地球会周期性地降温和回暖，春分是其中的一个时间划分点，意味着北半球开始摆脱冬天的寒冷。
Humans living thousands of years may not have known the details of this astronomy, but over generations they certainly learnt that the Earth gets warmer and colder in pretty regular cycles, with the spring equinox marking one point when the Northern Hemisphere begins to shrug off winter's cold.
气温回暖，土地解冻，适合种植农作物，同时降雨增加，灌溉庄稼，冬眠越冬的动物也从各自的小窝里出来了。
Warmer temperatures thaw frozen ground to make it easier for planting crops , increased rainfall waters these and animals that hibernated over winter emerge from their dens.
6、春分饮食小贴士
由于“春分”昼夜平分，人们就更应该关注体内“阴气”与“阳气”的平衡。
Since “Vernal Equinox” equally divides day and night, people should pay more attention on the balance of Yin Qi and Yang Qi in human’s body.
传统中国医疗实践表明，为了平衡阴气和阳气，人体需要同时“补给”和“释放”。
Traditional Chinese medical practice shows that to balance Yin and Yang, the human body requires both“supplying” and “releasing”.
比如，想吃生冷寒性食物，诸如螃蟹、鱼、虾，最好把它们和温性食物，如姜、洋葱、葡萄酒和醋一起烹饪。
For example, when eating food with cold nature such ascrab, fish andprawn, it’s better to cook them with food with warm nature such as ginger, spring onion, wines and vinegar.
6春分习俗
1、竖鸡蛋
竖鸡蛋是春分期间全国流行的游戏。这是一个古老的习俗，可以追溯到4000年前。人们通过这个传统来庆祝春天的到来。相信能把鸡蛋立起来的人将来会有好运。
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4,000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
有人认为春分是练习这个游戏的最佳时机，因为在这一天，地轴与地球绕太阳自转的轨道面相对平衡，这使得竖鸡蛋更容易。
Some believe that the Spring Equinox is the best time to practice this game because on this day the axis of the earth is relatively balanced against the orbital plane of the earth's rotation around the sun, which makes it easier to erect an egg.
2、放风筝
春分是放风筝的好时节。古代人们没有条件就医。为了祈求健康，他们把病痛写在纸上。当风筝在空中时，剪断绳子让纸风筝飘走，象征着疾病的离去。
Spring Equinox is a good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So to pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on paper kite. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
后来放风筝发展成一种流行的春季游戏。春分时节，人们在风筝上写下祝福，希望天上的神能看到它。
Later flying kites developed into a popular game of spring. On the Spring Equinox, people write a blessing on the kite, hoping that the gods in the sky would see it.
3、吃春菜
春分时吃春菜是中国许多地区的习俗。春菜是指季节性蔬菜，不同的地方不同。中国古典《黄帝内经》中的古老教义建议人们吃季节性食物有助于保持健康，带来好运。
Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a commonly practiced custom in many regions of China. "Spring vegetables" refers to seasonal vegetables that differ from place to place. The ancient teachings in the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggests that people eat seasonal foods to help preserve health and bring good luck.
4、燕归来
如古话所言，燕子会在“一候”的时候飞回北方；滚滚春雷则发生在“二候”；到了“三候”，闪电会频繁出现。这种划分揭示了春分的气候特点。
As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; lightning occurs frequently in the third hou, which vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox.
5、祭太阳神
在明代和清代，每个春分日皇室都会在日坛举行祭祀“太阳神”的仪式。后来日坛公园逐渐成为公众娱乐的普通场所，不过祭祀活动在老百姓中依然存在。
In the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644) and Qing Dynasty (1636—1912), the imperial family held this ritual in Ritan park every Spring Equinox. The Ritan park gradually became a common place for public recreation. However, the practice still exists among the public.
6、犒劳耕牛
春分到来之际，农活便开始了，农民和耕牛都忙了起来。农民会奖励糯米团给耕牛，以示他们的感激之情。与此同时，人们也会给鸟儿准备供品，感谢它们带来农耕的信号，请求它们在收获季不要啃食谷物。
As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. Meanwhile, people will also make sacrifice to birds, to thank them for bringing signals for farm work and to ask them not to eat grains later in the year.
7春分小考
一．重点词汇
1. result in 导致，造成 result from 由...引起
2. As the old saying goes 正如老话所说
3. crack v. （使）破裂，裂开；（使）发出爆裂声；（因压力而）崩溃，瓦解；
4. frequently adv. 频繁地，经常
5. vividly adv. 生动地；逼真地；鲜明地；活泼地
6. It is believed that...人们认为，人们相信...
7. differ from place to place 各地各不相同
8. preservev. 保持；保护；保险；腌制
用上文所给的词翻译句子。
1. 紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。
___________________________________________________________________________
2. 不要把热水倒入玻璃杯里，否则杯子会破裂。
____________________________________________________________________
3. 人们相信帮助父母做家务可以培养孩子的责任感。
____________________________________________________________________
但是,各地的传统却各有不同。
____________________________________________________________________
保护自然环境至关重要。 _____________________________________________
参考答案：1. Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.2. Don't pour hot water into the glass or it will crack.3. It is believed that helping parents do chores can foster children's sense of responsibility.4. However, the traditions often differ from place to place.5. It is highly important to preserve the environment.
春分 the Spring Equinox
1 春分的“分”有两个含义，一个是“昼夜平分”，在春分这天，太阳直射赤道，昼夜等长。After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
春分过后，太阳直射点向北移动，导致北半球白昼逐渐变长，南半球的夜越来越长。
hemisphere / hem sf (r)/ ：半球
春分的另一个含义是“季节平分”。古时以立春到立夏之间为春季，而春分日正处于两个节气之中，正好平分了春季。昼夜平分点的英文表达为“Equinox [ ekw nɑ ks]”，所以春分是The Spring Equinox。
春分有两种英语表达方式：
① Vernal Equinox
② the Spring Equinox
Vernal 英 ['v nl] 美 ['v rnl] adj. 春天的；青春的；春天般清新的
Equinox 英 ['i kw n ks] 美 ['i kw nɑ ks] n. 昼夜平分点；春分或秋分
意为“一年中白昼和黑夜长度相同的日子”，这样的日子一年只有两次，春分和秋分。
2春分相关词汇
equator n.赤道indicate v.表示equally adv.相等地Causes of Equinox 形成原因
north hemisphere n.北半球 temperature n.气温 Meaning 春分的寓意
astronomy n.天文学over generations 世世代代in regular cycles 定期循环，周期性地shrug off v.摆脱thaw v.解冻frozen adj.冰冻的，冰封的plant crops 种植庄稼hibernat over winter 越冬den n.兽穴Tradition 传统习俗folklore n.民俗stand a raw egg on its end 把鸡蛋竖起来A has nothing to do with B A和B没有什么关系Dietary advice 春分饮食小贴士pay more attention to 更加关注the balance of ... …的平衡crab n.螃蟹prawn n.对虾ginger n.姜vinegar n.醋
3春分三候
1、一候玄鸟至The Black Bird Arrives
“玄鸟”指燕子，燕子是春分来，秋分去的候鸟。燕子飞到家的屋檐下筑巢，开始准备哺育下一代，这是祥瑞之兆。
"Black bird"in this case refers to the swallow, a migratory bird that comes at the spring equinox and goes at the autumn equinox. The swallow flies to the eaves to build its nest and begin preparing for the next generation, which is a symbol of good luck.
2、二候雷乃发声
The Thunder Sounds
这时节，正是乍暖还寒时候，南北方的气团相冲，云层活动非常活跃，自然就产生了雷鸣之声。
At this time of year, when it is still a little bit cold, the clouds are very active as the air masses from the north and south meet, which naturally produces the sound of thunder.
3、三候始电The Lightning Begins
雷乃声、电乃光，雷电本是一体。但古人却认为雷电和风雨一样，是几乎同时出现的两种不同的事物。
Thunder is sound and lightning is light; they are supposed to be one thing. But the ancient Chinese considered thunder and lightning, like wind and rain, as two different things that occur almost simultaneously.
4春分花信 春分三候有不同的花卉绽放：一候海棠、二候梨花、三候木兰。1、The Begonia
海棠体积小，花瓣呈弯曲的椭圆形。薄而精致的花朵颜色从淡粉色到艳粉色不等，花蕊呈黄色，花茎呈粉红色。
Begonias are small in size, and have oval and curved petals. The thin, delicate flowers range in color from pale pink to bright pink and have a yellow center with crisp, pink stems.
2、The Pear Flower
随着春天天气变暖，梨花的花蕾开放，舒展开平整的白色花瓣。每一片花瓣都有精致的波浪状外观，和柔软光滑、天鹅绒般的质地。
As the weather becomes warmer in the spring, the buds of pear blossoms open, uncurling broad and flat, white petals. Each petal has a delicate, slightly wavy appearance with a soft, smooth, and velvety texture.
3、The Magnolia
木兰是舒展的落叶乔木，其特点是大而芬芳的花朵，呈碗状或星状，有白、粉、紫、绿或黄等颜色。
Magnolias are spreading and deciduous trees, characterised by large fragrant flowers which may be bowl-shaped or star-shaped, in shades of white, pink, purple, green or yellow.
5春分英语小百科
1、春分发生在什么时间？
春分发生在每年3月21日前后，在这天太阳正好直射于赤道。
"Vernal Equinox” arrives around March 21 every year and on this day, the sun is vertically above a point on the equator.
2、春分节气代表了什么？
春分”代表了2层意思。第一，这一天白天和夜晚时间等长，都只有12个小时。第二，它是春季的中间点。
“Vernal Equinox” indicates two meanings. Firstly, on this day, the night and day are approximately equally long with 12 hours each. Secondly, it’s the mid-point for the spring season.“
3、形成原因
春分是在春天中期，通常在每年的三月20或者21号。这一天，太阳直射赤道，所以白天、黑夜是一样长的。
Vernal Equinox is the middle of spring and usually on the 20 or 21 of March every year. On this day, the sun directly blazes down the equator, so that day and night is equal in length.
4、气候特征
从春分以后，太阳继续向北半球移动，气温持续上升。在中国大部分区域，日均气温为0°以上。
After this day, the sun continues to move to the north hemisphere and the temperature continues to rise. Daily average temperature in most areas in China reaches 0 degree Celsius above.
5、春分的寓意
活了几千年的人类可能并不是很清楚这个天文学上的详细原因，但是世世代代的人们都知道地球会周期性地降温和回暖，春分是其中的一个时间划分点，意味着北半球开始摆脱冬天的寒冷。
Humans living thousands of years may not have known the details of this astronomy, but over generations they certainly learnt that the Earth gets warmer and colder in pretty regular cycles, with the spring equinox marking one point when the Northern Hemisphere begins to shrug off winter's cold.
气温回暖，土地解冻，适合种植农作物，同时降雨增加，灌溉庄稼，冬眠越冬的动物也从各自的小窝里出来了。
Warmer temperatures thaw frozen ground to make it easier for planting crops , increased rainfall waters these and animals that hibernated over winter emerge from their dens.
6、春分饮食小贴士
由于“春分”昼夜平分，人们就更应该关注体内“阴气”与“阳气”的平衡。
Since “Vernal Equinox” equally divides day and night, people should pay more attention on the balance of Yin Qi and Yang Qi in human’s body.
传统中国医疗实践表明，为了平衡阴气和阳气，人体需要同时“补给”和“释放”。
Traditional Chinese medical practice shows that to balance Yin and Yang, the human body requires both“supplying” and “releasing”.
比如，想吃生冷寒性食物，诸如螃蟹、鱼、虾，最好把它们和温性食物，如姜、洋葱、葡萄酒和醋一起烹饪。
For example, when eating food with cold nature such ascrab, fish andprawn, it’s better to cook them with food with warm nature such as ginger, spring onion, wines and vinegar.
6春分习俗
1、竖鸡蛋
竖鸡蛋是春分期间全国流行的游戏。这是一个古老的习俗，可以追溯到4000年前。人们通过这个传统来庆祝春天的到来。相信能把鸡蛋立起来的人将来会有好运。
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4,000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
有人认为春分是练习这个游戏的最佳时机，因为在这一天，地轴与地球绕太阳自转的轨道面相对平衡，这使得竖鸡蛋更容易。
Some believe that the Spring Equinox is the best time to practice this game because on this day the axis of the earth is relatively balanced against the orbital plane of the earth's rotation around the sun, which makes it easier to erect an egg.
2、放风筝
春分是放风筝的好时节。古代人们没有条件就医。为了祈求健康，他们把病痛写在纸上。当风筝在空中时，剪断绳子让纸风筝飘走，象征着疾病的离去。
Spring Equinox is a good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So to pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on paper kite. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
后来放风筝发展成一种流行的春季游戏。春分时节，人们在风筝上写下祝福，希望天上的神能看到它。
Later flying kites developed into a popular game of spring. On the Spring Equinox, people write a blessing on the kite, hoping that the gods in the sky would see it.
3、吃春菜
春分时吃春菜是中国许多地区的习俗。春菜是指季节性蔬菜，不同的地方不同。中国古典《黄帝内经》中的古老教义建议人们吃季节性食物有助于保持健康，带来好运。
Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a commonly practiced custom in many regions of China. "Spring vegetables" refers to seasonal vegetables that differ from place to place. The ancient teachings in the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggests that people eat seasonal foods to help preserve health and bring good luck.
4、燕归来
如古话所言，燕子会在“一候”的时候飞回北方；滚滚春雷则发生在“二候”；到了“三候”，闪电会频繁出现。这种划分揭示了春分的气候特点。
As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; lightning occurs frequently in the third hou, which vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox.
5、祭太阳神
在明代和清代，每个春分日皇室都会在日坛举行祭祀“太阳神”的仪式。后来日坛公园逐渐成为公众娱乐的普通场所，不过祭祀活动在老百姓中依然存在。
In the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644) and Qing Dynasty (1636—1912), the imperial family held this ritual in Ritan park every Spring Equinox. The Ritan park gradually became a common place for public recreation. However, the practice still exists among the public.
6、犒劳耕牛
春分到来之际，农活便开始了，农民和耕牛都忙了起来。农民会奖励糯米团给耕牛，以示他们的感激之情。与此同时，人们也会给鸟儿准备供品，感谢它们带来农耕的信号，请求它们在收获季不要啃食谷物。
As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. Meanwhile, people will also make sacrifice to birds, to thank them for bringing signals for farm work and to ask them not to eat grains later in the year.
7春分小考
一．重点词汇
1. result in 导致，造成 result from 由...引起
2. As the old saying goes 正如老话所说
3. crack v. （使）破裂，裂开；（使）发出爆裂声；（因压力而）崩溃，瓦解；
4. frequently adv. 频繁地，经常
5. vividly adv. 生动地；逼真地；鲜明地；活泼地
6. It is believed that...人们认为，人们相信...
7. differ from place to place 各地各不相同
8. preservev. 保持；保护；保险；腌制
用上文所给的词翻译句子。
1. 紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。
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2. 不要把热水倒入玻璃杯里，否则杯子会破裂。
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3. 人们相信帮助父母做家务可以培养孩子的责任感。
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但是,各地的传统却各有不同。
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保护自然环境至关重要。 _____________________________________________
参考答案：1. Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.2. Don't pour hot water into the glass or it will crack.3. It is believed that helping parents do chores can foster children's sense of responsibility.4. However, the traditions often differ from place to place.5. It is highly important to preserve the environment.