北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature单元综合提能卷（含解析）

Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单元综合提能卷
阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Wildlife faces threats(威胁) from habitat destruction, pollution, and other human actions. Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions in your own neighborhood can help protect many different animals. Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions.
☆ Create wildlife friendly areas in your backyard.
When trying to make your garden more beautiful, you can choose plants that can provide food and shelter to native wildlife. This will also help cut down on pollution.
☆ Avoid harming the natural ecosystem(生态系统) in your area.
Some plants from other places can kill or harm native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife.
☆ Have a greener lifestyle.
By using less water and fewer fuels, you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you. Take buses or the subway when you can, turn off electric devices when you’re not using them, take shorter showers, and keep your room temperature at or below 68 Fahrenheit degrees during the winter.
☆ Buy products that are wildlife friendly.
Don’t buy products that are made from endangered animals. Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.
☆ Donate money or time to organizations that protect wildlife and their habitats.
You can give money to organizations or groups that protect wildlife species in your neighborhood.
1．We infer that the purpose of this passage is to ________.
A．tell us why protecting wildlife is extremely important now
B．suggest that we protect wildlife through actions
C．explain why protecting wildlife is not as hard as people think
D．give us some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions
2．Which of the following threats to wildlife is NOT mentioned in the passage
A．Animal diseases. B．Loss of habitat.
C．Pollution. D．Hunters.
3．What behaviour do you think the author can disagree with
A．Planting right trees in gardens. B．Buying an ivory vase for a gift.
C．Donating some money to WWF. D．Reading books about wildlife.
B
One night, Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti. Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar’s bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door. When Pilar opened her eyes, she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke. As she escaped her house with Inti in her arms, she saw that a fire was burning in her kitchen. Pilar could easily have lost her life, but Inti would not let that happen. Even though Inti could have escaped the house through a cat door, he wouldn’t leave Pilar.
As amazing as this story is, it is not as uncommon as you may think. Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse, Thunder. One summer night, the whole family was asleep with the windows open. It was normally very quiet where they lived. Suddenly, there was a loud noise. Charlotte woke up from her sweet dream, and the noise continued. Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house. The next thing she saw was Thunder standing outside her window, neighing and shaking his head. She knew something was wrong. Charlotte quickly got everyone out of the house before the earthquake hit. Thunder has saved her life.
There are also stories of animals coming to the rescue of humans. One animal known to be a friend of humans is the dolphin. Once, Todd Endris was surfing with his friends when he was attacked by a 13-foot (4-meter) shark. In the middle of the attack, a group of dolphins came to his rescue by forming a protective ring around Todd until he could get safely to the shore. Without the help of the dolphins, there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.
No one is sure why animals have so often come to our rescue. However, it is clear that humans and animals enjoy a close relationship. It is important that we care for them as much as we can.
4．Why did Inti throw himself against the door
A．He was trying to wake up his owner.
B．He wanted to get out of the room.
C．He felt bored and was playing by himself.
D．He couldn’t find the way out because of smoke.
5．What did Charlotte do before the earthquake
A．She closed the windows.
B．She was sleeping deeply.
C．She ran to warn her neighbors.
D．She got her horse out of the stable.
6．What do we know about Inti and Thunder
A．They were shy and quiet.
B．They used to make noise at night.
C．They were brave and smart.
D．They saved their owners several times.
7．Which of the following is probably Todd’s feeling towards the dolphins
A．Doubtful. B．Grateful.
C．Frightened. D．Bored.
C
I was once told, “you are wasting your time on a career that will give you no money or comfort ”.
I explored my interests for years and finally decided to be a journalist. However, I’m still influenced by others’ arguments: print publications are being replaced by web versions where content is updated nearly every time you refresh the browser. But I hold onto my decision. Why For the simple, yet powerful reason that it makes me happy in a way that no amount of money ever could.
Rarely have I found others who think like this, and I find it very disappointing when I hear students trying to design their lives on the basis of factors (因素) other than keeping to their passions and interests.
Factor number one is parents. They certainly have a right to be a part in their children’s lives, but sometimes their words create more stress than encouragement. Instead of trying to make their children happy, as their original purpose may have been, parents can end up limiting their children’s dreams and desires until nothing remains but the hard seeds of a cruel reality.
The second factor is money. I had a conversation with my college friend one afternoon, which explains this point.
“What happened ” I asked him after he said he had changed his major. “I thought you wanted to be a photographer.”
“I do,” he said, “But there is no money in it. Don’t worry,” he added, probably feeling my worry. “I’m happy where I am.” I was ready to believe that, but as we kept on talking, he continuously interrupted me to point out the beauty of this view and that view, saying he wished he had taken his camera with him.
Naturally, we cannot predict where we will end up with our choices. Our ideas and plans could change as we progress. However, at this stage in our lives when so many voices are telling us who we should be, we need to value our individual dreams, not to abandon them, because they may be the only things left that tell us who we are.
8．Why is the author determined to be a journalist
A．He could get a high pay. B．He is influenced by others.
C．He is truly interested in journalism. D．He has been studying journalism for years.
9．What does the author think of parents’ role in their children’s career choice
A．They shouldn’t try to influence their children in any way.
B．They help their children make the right choice of a career.
C．They should support their children whatever they choose.
D．They may destroy their children’s dreams of a certain career.
10．What do we know about the author’s friend
A．He doesn’t care about what his job will bring him.
B．He is still deeply interested in photography.
C．He has lost his confidence in his abilities.
D．He is doubtful about his new choice.
11．The author thinks that when choosing a career, ________.
A．one should not consider their individual dreams
B．one should take a lot of factors into consideration
C．one’s desires and interests should come first
D．one should be realistic about future income
D
Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.
Robots make great explorers on planets, moons, and other landing areas.Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.
The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end.Robots never complain, they don’t require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.
Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.
12．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The Development of Robots
B．The Discovery of Space Exploration
C．No Robots, No Space Exploration
D．Robots Are Used in Space Exploration
13．The underlined word “withstand” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “ ”．
A．remain B．bear
C．defeat D．develop
14．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B．It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.
C．Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.
D．Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
15．What is the writer’s attitude in this passage
A．Negative. B．Persuasive.
C．Subjective. D．Objective.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Have a Successful Teenage Life
Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. 16
Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school: listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future. 17
Do good in your community. Volunteering cannot only improve your community’s status, but it can also make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression than people who don’t. 18 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.
19 Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. 20 You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.
A．Live life to the fullest.
B．School sets you up on the right track!
C．Be nice to your parents and teachers.
D．Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.
E．It will help you pass time and develop your personality.
F．Here are some important points that you may find helpful.
G．Keep in mind that they do the things because they care about you.
二、 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my mother took me out of high school, I knew that my life would become 21 . My mother told me when I was 18 I had to leave the house. As I was going to 22 my 18th birthday, I started feeling 23 because I didn’t have an idea on 24 I was going to do.
One night while I was watching TV, an advertisement came on about 25 the military (军队). The next day I 26 the number on the advertisement and set up an 27 to meet the recruiter (招募者). When he heard about me not having a high school diploma (毕业文凭), he knew I had little 28 . I explained to him that I was going to be 29 in a few weeks.
About a month later he called me and asked me to come to his office. He told me he would get me in the military but I had to 30 him that I would make the 31 of this chance. In fact, I kept my side of the 32 by doing eight years. Now I am 33 and have the 34 to make my life a little easier with that decision I made and the help I 35 .
21．A．difficult B．easy C．simple D．sad
22．A．celebrate B．imagine C．remember D．ruin
23．A．happy B．hopeless C．angry D．satisfied
24．A．how B．what C．who D．which
25．A．discussing B．criticizing C．joining D．commanding
26．A．forgot B．called C．read D．copied
27．A．advertisement B．agreement C．appointment D．equipment
28．A．support B．promise C．warn D．chance
29．A．homeless B．hopeless C．helpless D．careless
30．A．promise B．order C．tell D．suggest
31．A．least B．worst C．best D．full
32．A．program B．dialogue C．bargain D．advertisement
33．A．lonely B．ashamed C．successful D．fashionable
34．A．attempt B．ability C．desire D．wish
35．A．hoped B．refused C．organized D．received
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever tasted or perhaps heard of sugar paintings As fewer people choose to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a 36 (distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is devoted to 37 (keep) the art of sugar paintings alive.
Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 38 mine closed down, Li turned 39 housing decoration until he 40 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar paintings, something he really had an interest in.
Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 41 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make 42 (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 43 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsmen 44 (basic) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup (糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 45 appears is a piece of sugar art.
三、 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假定你是李华，请根据下面要点，就面对自然灾害应该怎么做写一篇演讲稿，主题为“How to Deal with Natural Disasters”。
1. 自然灾害造成的损失惨重；
2. 应掌握有关自然灾害的知识并做好充分准备；
3. 自然灾害来临时，要坚定信念，团结一致，保持镇静，努力自救和帮助他人。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to Deal with Natural Disasters
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem, my inability to read.
In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room”. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.
There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked identical to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued to the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.
Paragraph 1:
My mother's call returned, me to the real world. I suddenly realized something.
Paragraph 2:
And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, and was awarded a PhD in literature.
试卷第8页，共9页
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要讲的是保护野生动物，从身边做起，告诉我们如何去保护动物。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions.（这里有一些关于如何通过小动作来保护野生动物的建议。）”和下文的小标题可知，本文的目的是想给我们一些保护野生动物的建议，故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据文中的第一段的“Wildlife faces threats (威胁) from habitat destruction,pollution,and other human actions.（野生动物面临栖息地破坏、污染和其他人类活动的威胁。）”可知B、C两项提到了；D项是在第四条中第二句“ Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.（请记住，一些濒临灭绝的动物是被陷阱或猎人杀死的，这些猎人在同一栖息地追捕其他野生动物。）”提到的。综观全文，只有A项没提到。故选A。
3.推理判断题。文章中给了我们一些如何做能保护野生动物，A、C、D三项与作者所提示的相符，而B项“买象牙花瓶做礼物”是作者不能同意的，故选B。
4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了几则动物拯救处于危险中的人类的故事，认为我们因此应该尽可能多地关心它们。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar’s bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door. When Pilar opened her eyes, she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke.（Inti在Pilar的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫着，使劲撞在紧闭的卧室门上。Pilar睁开眼睛，发现自己的卧室里充满了烟雾。）”可知，Inti使劲撞门是为了叫醒主人Pilar，让她知道房子着火了。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Charlotte woke up from her sweet dream, and the noise continued.（Charlotte从甜蜜的梦中醒来，噪音还在继续。）”可知，地震前Charlotte睡得很沉。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar’s bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door. When Pilar opened her eyes, she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke. As she escaped her house with Inti in her arms, she saw that a fire was burning in her kitchen.（Inti在Pilar的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫着，使劲撞在紧闭的卧室门上。Pilar睁开眼睛，发现自己的卧室里充满了烟雾。当她抱着Inti逃出家门时，她看到厨房里着火了。）”可知，Inti在火灾发生时拼命叫醒主人，让她及时逃走。根据第二段中“Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house. The next thing she saw was Thunder standing outside her window, neighing and shaking his head. She knew something was wrong. Charlotte quickly got everyone out of the house before the earthquake hit. Thunder has saved her life.（然后她听到一匹马飞快地朝房子跑过来。接着她看到的是Thunder站在她的窗外，嘶鸣着，摇着头。她知道出事了。在地震发生之前，Charlotte迅速地把所有人都带出了房子。Thunder救了她的命。）”可知，Thunder在地震发生前警示主人，让她带着家人离开房子。由此可知，Inti和Thunder在危险来临时都非常勇敢，而且很聪明。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the middle of the attack, a group of dolphins came to his rescue by forming a protective ring around Todd until he could get safely to the shore. Without the help of the dolphins, there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.（在攻击过程中，一群海豚来救他，在Todd周围围成一个保护圈，直到他安全上岸。没有海豚的帮助，Todd几乎没有机会逃脱。）”可知，海豚保护Todd免受鲨鱼的攻击，让他成功逃脱。由此推知，Todd对于海豚应该是充满感激的（Grateful）。故选B项。
8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。曾经有人告诉作者，“你是在把时间浪费在一个不会给你带来金钱或舒适的职业上。” 作者认为在选择职业时，一个人的愿望和兴趣应该放在第一位。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句I explored my interests for years and finally decided to be a journalist.可知，作者之所以决心成为一名记者是因为他确实对新闻感兴趣。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段中They certainly have a right to be a part in their children’s lives, but sometimes their words create more stress than encouragement. “他们当然有权成为孩子生活中的一部分，但有时他们的话带来的压力大于鼓励。”可知，作者认为父母他们可能会毁掉孩子对某一职业的梦想。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据第六段和第七段中“What happened ” I asked him after he said he had changed his major. “I thought you wanted to be a photographer.”和“I do,” he said可知，关于作者的朋友，我们知道他对摄影仍有浓厚的兴趣。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中However, at this stage in our lives when so many voices are telling us who we should be, we need to value our individual dreams, not to abandon them, because they may be the only things left that tell us who we are.“然而，在我们生命的这个阶段，有太多的声音在告诉我们应该成为什么样的人，我们需要珍惜我们的个人梦想，而不是放弃它们，因为它们可能是唯一能告诉我们是什么样的人的东西。”可知，作者认为在选择职业时，一个人的愿望和兴趣应该放在第一位。故选C。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第4小题，根据最后一段中However, at this stage in our lives when so many voices are telling us who we should be, we need to value our individual dreams, not to abandon them, because they may be the only things left that tell us who we are. “然而，在我们生命的这个阶段，有太多的声音在告诉我们应该成为什么样的人，我们需要珍惜我们的个人梦想，而不是放弃它们，因为它们可能是唯一能告诉我们是什么样的人的东西。”可知，作者认为在选择职业时，一个人的愿望和兴趣应该放在第一位。故选C。
12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人对太空探索的重要性，机器人正用于太空探索。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space，but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.(现代机器人可能不像R2D2或《迷失太空》中的机器人那么有趣，但机器人对太空探索非常重要，并且由于几个重要的原因，机器人正以各种不同的方式被使用)”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人在探索太空中的优势及成就。采用对比手法，将机器人与人类对比，突出机器人在太空探索不可替代的优点。并在最后一段简述了机器人探索外太空的发展现状。由此可知，文章最好的标题是“机器人用于太空探索”。故选D项。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans(对于人类来说，这些表面的温度太热或太冷)”可推知，划线单词withstand为“经受住，顶住”的意思，与B项bear“忍受”意思一致。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.(机器人的使用使得太空探索的成本比人类进行这项工作的成本要低得多)”可知，在太空探索中使用机器人比使用人类花费更多这项陈述是错误的。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。本文讲述了现代机器人可能不如R2D2或 Lost in Space中的机器人那么有趣，但机器人对于太空探索非常重要，并且出于几个重要原因以各种不同方式使用。由此推知，作者的态度是客观的。故选D项。
16．F 17．B 18．D 19．C 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何拥有一个成功的青少年生活。
16．上文“Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. (每个人都想在自己的生活中取得成功，不是吗？即使在十几岁的时候，你也可以在生活中取得成功；真的没那么难)”说明十几岁的青少年也可在生活中取得成功。根据下文所给的建议可知，空处表明下文会给出一些青少年如何在生活中取得成功的方法。F项“以下是一些你可能会觉得有帮助的要点。”符合语境。故选F。
17．上文“Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future. (这样做将帮助你进入一所更好的大学，这将使你有一个光明的未来)”说明学校在青少年生活中的重要性。空处总结前文，和主题句“Do well in school. (在学校表现出色)”相呼应。B项“学校让你走上了正确的轨道！”符合语境。故选B。
18．上文“Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression than people who don’t. (研究表明，自愿的人比不自愿的人更不容易患抑郁症)”说明自愿做社区工作的好处。下文“For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. (例如，如果你喜欢动物，就去动物收容所做志愿者。如果你喜欢帮助环境，可以种树或捡垃圾)”说明青少年可以做些让自己感兴趣的社区志愿者工作。D项中的“do volunteer work that interests you”和上文一致，也符合下文举例说明的内容。故选D。
19．下文“Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. (记住，他们会帮助你做到最好。尊重他们，重视他们的意见，即使他们有时会惹恼你)”说明有些人会对青少年的成功起到至关重要的作用，所以我们必须尊重他们。C项中的your parents and teachers是下文中they的指代对象，和下文中的“your teachers or your family”一致，说明青少年要尊重自己的父母和老师。所以C项可做本段的主旨句。故选C。
20．上文“Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. (尊重他们，重视他们的意见，即使他们有时会惹恼你)”说明有时父母行为会惹恼青少年。G项中“they do the things because they care about you”说明父母和老师做的事情都是因为关心青少年。所以即使有时他们惹恼青少年，这也是青少年必须尊重父母和老师的原因。故选G。
21．A 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者的成长经历，妈妈告诉作者到了18岁就要离开家，作者不知道该做什么，就在绝望迷茫时偶然看到一则参军广告，但是由于没有高中毕业文凭，作者参军的机会很渺茫，但招募者帮助作者参军，并让作者承诺好好把握机会，作者坚持了八年，遵守了约定。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我妈妈带我离开高中时，我就知道我的生活会变得很艰难。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. simple简单的；D. sad悲伤的。根据下文“My mother told me when I was 18 I had to leave the house.(我妈妈告诉我，我18岁时必须离开家)”可知，作者满18岁必须要离开家，所以此处指生活会变得很艰难，故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我要庆祝我的18岁生日时，我开始感到绝望，因为我不知道我要做什么。A. celebrate庆祝；B. imagine想象；C. remember想起；D. ruin破坏，毁灭。根据空后“my 18th birthday”可知，此处指庆祝18岁生日，故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. happy高兴的；B. hopeless绝望的； C. angry生气的；D. satisfied满意的。上文提到作者满18岁要离开家，结合下文“because I didn’t have an idea on ___4___ I was going to do”可知，作者应是感到绝望，不知道该做什么，故选B。
24．考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A. how如何；B. what什么；C. who谁；D. which哪一个。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我正在看电视，电视上播放了一则参军的广告。A. discussing讨论；B. criticizing批评；C. joining加入；D. commanding命令，指挥。根据下文“the recruiter (招募者)”以及“He told me he would get me in the military(他说他会让我参军)”可知，作者看到一个关于参军的广告，故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我打了广告上的电话，约好了和招募者见面。A. forgot忘记；B. called打电话；C. read读；D. copied复制。根据空后“the number”可知，作者应是拨打广告上的电话，故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. advertisement广告；B. agreement同意；C. appointment约会，约定；D. equipment设备。根据语境及“meet the recruiter (招募者)”可知，作者应是打电话约定好见面，故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他听说我没有高中文凭时，他知道我几乎没有机会。A. support支持；B. promise承诺；C. warn警告；D. chance机会。根据“When he heard about me not having a high school diploma (毕业文凭)”可知，作者没有高中毕业文凭，参军机会渺茫，故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释说，再过几个星期我就要无家可归了。A. homeless无家可归的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. helpless无助的；D. careless粗心的。根据上文内容可知，作者满18岁就要离开家，因此作者很快就要无家可归了，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，他会让我参军，但我必须向他保证，我会充分利用这个机会。A. promise承诺，答应；B. order命令；C. tell告诉；D. suggest建议。根据“He told me he would get me in the military”及语境可知，他给作者参军的机会，但是让作者保证要充分利用这个机会，故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. least最少，最小；B. worst最糟糕的；C. best最好的；D. full满的。结合语境可知，此处指“充分利用这个机会”，make the best of充分利用，故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我坚持八年，遵守了协议。A. program计划，程序；B. dialogue对话；C. bargain协议；D. advertisement广告。上文提到他让作者参军，作者保证好好利用机会，故这是两人之间的协议，故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我成功了，有能力让我的生活变得更轻松，因为我做出了那个决定，也得到了帮助。A. lonely孤单的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. successful成功的；D. fashionable流行的。结合语境可知，作者坚持了八年，现在应是很成功，故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attempt尝试；B. ability能力；C. desire欲望；D. wish愿望。根据“to make my life a little easier”可知，作者现在很成功，有能力让生活更轻松一点，故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hoped希望；B. refused拒绝；C. organized组织；D. received接受。根据上文内容可知，作者没有高中文凭，是因为得到了那位招募者的帮助才顺利参军，故选D。
36．distant 37．keeping 38．the 39．to 40．was forced 41．himself 42．varieties 43．melted 44．basically 45．what
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了38岁的工匠李江忠致力于让糖画艺术保持活力，讲述了他学习糖画的经历。
36．考查形容词。句意：随着越来越少的人选择制作糖画，中国传统的民间工艺可能在某些方面已经成为遥远的记忆。后文 memory为名词，形容词修饰名词，应该使用 distance的形容词形式，故填distant。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，38岁的工匠李江忠却致力于让糖画艺术保持活力。be devoted to致力于，是固定搭配，to是介词，后跟动名词做宾语，故填keeping。
38．考查冠词。句意：煤矿关闭后，李转而从事房屋装修工作，直到手指受伤才被迫放弃。此处特指Li所在的矿井关闭之后，他转向房屋装修。根据句意可知，此处用定冠词the。故填the。
39．考查介词。句意：煤矿关闭后，李转而从事房屋装修工作，直到手指受伤才被迫放弃。turn to意为“转向”，是固定搭配，故填to。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：煤矿关闭后，李转而从事房屋装修工作，直到手指受伤才被迫放弃。根据上文 turned可知，此处用一般过去时，且谓语force与主语he之间构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was forced。
41．考查反身代词。句意：由于村子里没有糖画工匠，他通过大量的视频和网上的资料自学。learn/study by oneself自学，故填himself。
42．考查名词复数。句意：他很快就掌握了这项技能，并能画出各种各样的糖画。varieties of多样的，故用复数形式 ，故填varieties。
43．考查形容词。句意：糖画是用融化的红糖或白糖做成的。sugar为名词，需要形容词修饰，表示“融化的糖”，故填melted。
44．考查副词。句意：工匠们基本上是用糖浆在石板上画动物和花朵。paint为动词，需要副词basically修饰，故填 basically。
45．考查主语从句。句意：当糖冷却下来，出现的是一件糖艺术。分析句式可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故使用what。故填what。
46．How to Deal with Natural Disasters
Natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes and tsunamis, can happen at any time. They often cause a sad loss of life and damage. How should we deal with them
First of all, we should master rich knowledge about natural disasters and make adequate preparations for them. Secondly, when natural disasters really happen, we should have a firm belief and unite to fight against them. As the old saying goes, “Many hands make light work.” Moreover, we should keep calm and try to save ourselves and help others. Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份就主题为“How to Deal with Natural Disasters”的演讲写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
例如：such as→ for instance
发生：happen → come into being
悲伤地：sad→ downhearted
镇静的：calm→ self-possessed
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes and tsunamis, can happen at any time. They often cause a sad loss of life and damage.
拓展句：Natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes and tsunamis, can happen at any time, which often cause a sad loss of life and damage.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, when natural disasters really happen, we should have a firm belief and unite to fight against them.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end.（运用了倒装结构）
47．Paragraph 1：
My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something. The trick of reading is to put yourself into the story experiencing what the author goes through and appreciating its meaning in your heart. As long as I clung to this process, not only was my inability to read defeated, but also an inner aspiration to read was stimulated, which changed my life for the better. During the summer, I incredibly developed special companionship with books, ranging from vivid storybooks to academic articles. My mother was more than delighted to see my change.
Paragraph 2：
And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, and was awarded a PhD in literature. She proposed that my experience should be of use to others. So I set up a team to provide those who had difficulty reading with space to turn to, through which I myself also gained a better understanding of reading as well as my life. My first adventure of reading turned out to be a permanent treasure.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者是阅读有障碍的人，在他12岁的时候，妈妈命令他去图书馆去借一本书，作者在图书馆中读了一本关于一只小狗和他的主人之间故事的书，联想自己的经历，沉浸在故事之中。
【详解】续写第一段开头为：妈妈的电话把我带回了现实世界。我突然意识到一件事。……后面应该写我意识的事情，就是把自己置身于阅读之中，联想自身的经历，就能克服阅读障碍。
续写第二段开头为：几年后，她为儿子读了成千上万本书而感到自豪，并获得了文学博士学位。……后面应该写妈妈建议我把自己读书的经历分享给其他人，让其他有阅读障碍的人能够轻松阅读。
【点睛】文章主题部分选用的是一般过去时，续写部分也用一般过去时，通篇时态把握准确；文章中还使用大量的复合句，为文章增加色彩和高级感，如The trick of reading is to put yourself into the story experiencing what the author goes through and appreciating its meaning in your heart. As long as I clung to this process, not only was my inability to read defeated, but also an inner aspiration to read was stimulated, which changed my life for the better. 这里的非限制性定语从句补充说明性强，显示高级的英语水平，精准掌握了从句使用的要领；续写部分构思巧妙，衔接自然，思路清晰自然，表达完整，为一篇优秀的作品。