牛津译林版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 4 Exploring literature Welcome to the unit 课件（共51张PPT,内镶嵌2视频）

Unit 4 Living with technology
Welcome to the unit
What kind of technology is the most important one to you? How do you use it?
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea: travelling deep under the ocean
2001: A Space Odyssey: travelling to _________
The Matrix: connecting the human brain with ___________ and entering the virtual world
the Moon
computers
Free talk
Do you like reading science fiction novels or watch science fiction movies? Which science fiction novel or movie do you like best? State the reason why you like it.
Free talk
What technology can make the life become a reality?
Discussion
1. What other descriptions in science fiction have turned into reality?
2. Jules Verne believes that anything people can imagine can be made real. Do you agree? Why or why not?
3. What technology do you imagine will be possible in the future and how do you think it will change our lives?
What do you know about artificial intelligence?
Pre-reading
Artificial intelligence
useful
terrifying
helpful
cutting-edge
threatening
amazing
…
When we talk about artificial intelligence, what adjectives come to your mind?
How is the author likely to organize the information on artificial intelligence?
artificial intelligence
origin
development
stages
fields
While reading
Go through the passage quickly and try to fill in the blanks.
Para. 1
AI can make your dreams come true.
Para. 2
____________
Para. 3
____________
Para. 4
____________
Para. 5
____________
Para. 6
____________
Reading
Use one word to summarize each paragraph.
Fast reading
Para. 1
Para. 2
____________
Para. 3
____________
Para. 4
____________
Para. 5
____________
Para. 6
____________
Conclusion
Introduction
Definition
Development
Applications
Concerns
Para 2: AI is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.
Para 3: AI has developed over a long time and had some major breakthroughs.
Para 4: AI is being applied in various fields, transforming the way we live.
Para 5: The development of AI has also caused concerns and fears.
Para 6: Warning
Read paragraph 2 and fill in the following chart.
One essential aim of AI
One approach to the aim
(1) ________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans
(2) ________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Deep learning”, which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions
Read paragraph 3 and fill in the following table.
{00A15C55-8517-42AA-B614-E9B94910E393}Time
Event
Since the 1940s
Years before the mid-1950s
In the mid-1950s
In 1997
In 2017
The development of computers has made the dream of AI a reality.
The term “artificial intelligence” was coined.
A major breakthrough in AI was made.
A computer program defeated arguably the best human Go player.
Alan Turing had explored the theory of AI.
Read paragraphs 4 to 5 and fill in the following chart.
Friendly
Frightening
(1)____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
AI is already being applied in many fields. People can use AI to help them drive vehicles. Write novels, translate foreign languages and do many other things. From this points of view, AI can be friends with humans.
(2) ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The benefits of AI also bring concerns and fears. Could machines really develop human- like intelligence? And what would happen if they did? Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans? How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans? As we become more and more dependent on computers, we should think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. Therefore, the development of AI could also be frightening.
Artificial intelligence
Read the text again carefully and answer the following questions.
(1) How can a deep-learning machine improve its own performance?
(2) What events were considered as major breakthroughs in AI?
By learning from the results of its previous actions.
Deep Blue beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, and AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, in 2017.
(3) What are ordinary people using AI to do?
To get instant translations of text in foreign languages.
(4) What are we getting closer to according to the author?
We are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.
In pairs, discuss the following questions.
Post reading
1. What is the author’s attitude to artificial intelligence? Use details from the article to support your opinion.
2. In lines 44-46, Stephen Hawking is quoted as saying, “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.” Do you agree with him? Why or why not?
3. What do you think intelligent machines will be capable of doing in the future?
Does she sing well?
Her name is Hua Zhibing.
She is a virtual character. Now let’s know more about her.
Appreciation
Will AI replace humans?
Unit4 Welcome to the unit & Reading
知识点讲练
1.capacity n.领悟(或理解、办事)能力;容量,容积;职位,职责;生产量
【教材原句】Deep-learning AI has the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers,imitating the complex networks of the human brain.
深度学习人工智能有能力通过多层次分析大量数据,模仿人脑的复杂网状系统。
【归纳拓展】
in one’s capacity as...以……身份;以……的职位
a capacity to do sth做某事的能力
a capacity for (doing)...(做)……的能力
capable adj.有能力的;能干的
be capable of (doing) sth有能力做某事
incapable adj.无能力的;无法……的
be incapable of (doing) sth不能做某事
capably adv.有能力地
单句填空
①Real riches consist of hearty capacities 　　　　　　?(enjoy) life.?
②My definition of happiness is “the capacity 　　　　　enjoyment”.?
③It was all dealt with 　　　　　(capable) by the police and security people.?
句式升级
I believe she can take care of herself.
→④I believe she 　　　　　　　　　　taking care of herself.?
→⑤I believe she 　　　　　　　　taking care of herself.?
→⑥I believe she 　　　　　　　　　　　take care of herself.?
to enjoy
for　
capably
has the capacity for
is capable of
has the capacity to
2.threaten vt.危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓
【教材原句】Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans?
会思考的机器会和人类一起工作,还是会威胁人类的生存?
【归纳拓展】
threaten sb with sth用某事/某物来威胁某人;某人受到某事/某物的威胁
threaten to do sth威胁做某事
threaten that...威胁……
threat n.构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁;恐吓;凶兆
a threat to...对……的一个威胁
under threat受到威胁
threatening adj.威胁(性)的;(天气状况)险恶的;具有威胁性的
threatened adj.受到威胁的
单句填空
①He is unlikely to be 　　　　　threat to the Spanish player in the final.?
②Being stuck in a big fire is 　　　　　　(threat),and we are threatened
　　　　?it.?
③Now some world heritage sites are 　　　　　threat from pollution caused by human activities.?
完成句子
④失业是一种威胁。但这种威胁会促使工人更加努力地工作。
Being out of work 　　　　 ?　　　　?.But 　　　　　 　　　　can urge the workers to work harder.?
a
threatening
with
under　
is threatening
the threat
3.commit vt.犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)
vi.全心全意投入,忠于
【教材原句】How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans?
如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类,又该如何惩罚?
【归纳拓展】
commit...to...把……投入……
commit oneself to (doing) sth专心致志于;承诺/保证(做)某事
commit to sb/sth忠于……
committed adj.尽心尽力的
be committed to (doing) sth承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
commitment n.承诺,许诺;献身;投入;花费
make a commitment作出承诺

单句填空
①He is regarded as a 　　　　　　　　?(commit) supporter of the reform policy.?
②On balance,I think I would rather not commit myself to 　　　　　　(go) with you.?
③If you are serious about our relationship,you should make a
　　　　 　　(commit).?
committed
going　
commitment　
一句多译
我会建议人们十分认真地考虑保证在周日工作。
→④I would advise people to think very carefully about
　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　on Sundays.
(commit)?
→⑤I would advise people to think very carefully about
　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　on Sundays.(committed)?
committing themselves to working
being committed to working
4.urge vt.敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策　n.冲动,强烈的欲望
【教材原句】As we become more and more dependent on computers,some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
随着我们变得越来越依赖计算机,一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
【归纳拓展】
urge sb to do/into doing sth敦促/力劝某人做某事
urge sth on/upon sb对某人强调某事
It is/was urged that...(should) do sth有人主张……做某事。
have an urge to do sth有做某事的冲动/强烈欲望
urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;需迅速处理的
urgently adv.紧急地;迫切地
urgency n.紧急




单句填空
①A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged
　　　　　　　(study) harder and get good grades.?
②The report urged that all children 　　　　　　　　　　(teach) to swim.?
③Because of all this extra time,there was no sense of 　　　　　　(urge) to do my school work immediately.?
④I have an urge 　　　　　　?(open) a bookstore of my own.?
to study　
(should) be taught　
urgency　
to open　
5.pose vt.造成,产生;提问,质询　vi.摆好姿势　n.姿势
【教材原句】As we become more and more dependent on computers,some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
随着我们变得越来越依赖计算机,一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
【归纳拓展】
pose for sb/sth为……摆好姿势
pose as冒充,假作
pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pose a question提问;质询



单句填空
①The girl was employed by a company to pose 　　　　　photos.?
②Some criminals would pose 　　　　　one of your friends and cheat you out of your money.?
完成句子
③中国的发展不会对其他国家造成威胁。
China’s development will not 　　　 　　　 　 　to any other country.?
for
as
pose a threat
6.demand vt.需要;强烈要求　n.要求,所需之物;需求,需要
【教材原句】Apparently,such warnings demand our attention.
显然,这样的警告需要我们的注意。?
【归纳拓展】
demand to do sth要求做某事
demand sth of/from sb向某人要求某物
demand of sb to do sth要求某人做某事
a/the demand for...对……的需求
in (great) demand有(大的)需求
on demand一经要求
satisfy/meet the/one’s demand满足(某人的)要求
demanding adj.要求高的;费力的
【特别提醒】
①demand作“要求”讲时,其后的名词性从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+) do”形式。
②demand不能用于demand sb to do sth结构;“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb sth,要用demand sth of/from sb。

单句填空
①Like running,race walking is physically
　　　　　　　(demand),she says.?
②The demand that the workers 　 　　　　(ask) for higher wages seemed reasonable.?
③Her books are 　　　　　great demand at the moment.?
句式升级
④She demanded that he should return the books he borrowed from her.
→She 　　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　 the books he borrowed from her.?
demanding　
(should) ask　
in
demanded of him to return
7.recognition n.识别,认出;承认,认可;赞赏,赏识
【教材原句】Facial recognition technology,with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data,has come into widespread use.
面部识别技术以其分析大量数据的能力得到了广泛的应用。
【归纳拓展】
out of/beyond recognition认不出来
recognize vt.认识,辨认出;意识到;(正式)承认
recognize sb/sth by/from...根据……认出某人/物
recognize sb to be/as...承认某人是……,可接受某人是……
be recognized to be/as...被认为是……,被认作……
It is generally recognized that...人们公认……
recognized adj.公认的;普遍接受的

单句填空
①When I went on a youth camp,I was recognized 　　　　　　　children I’d never met.
②My hometown has changed 　　　　　recognition since I left here last time.?
③Lincoln is recognised 　　　　　(be) one of the greatest presidents in America.?
④Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are getting international 　　　　　　　(recognize).?
by
beyond
to be
recognition
8.alternative n.可供选择的事物　adj.可供替代的,非传统的
【教材原句】It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords,and you cannot forget your own face!
它是一个快速且很酷的替代传统密码的方法,你不可能忘记自己的脸!
【归纳拓展】
have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth有做某事的选择
an alternative to...……的替代品
alternatively adv.可供选择地
单句填空
①If you don’t like the school lunch,you have the alternative
　　　　　bringing your own.?
②Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative
　　　　　gasoline.?
③There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but 　　　　　　?(wait).?
④　　　　　　　?(alternative),you can squeeze fresh lemon juice onto the stain or use the bottled lemon juice.?
of
to
to wait　
Alternatively　
9.break into 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱、跑);顺利打入
【教材原句】Moreover,there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology,as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media photos to build models of their faces.
此外,有些案例中黑客利用社交媒体上的照片建立人脸模型,入侵人脸识别系统,因此,越来越多的人担心我们有可能成为这种技术的受害者。
【归纳拓展】
break in破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break out(战争、火灾等)爆发;发生(无被动语态)
break up破裂,分手;结束
break through突破
break away from脱离,挣脱
break down出故障,抛锚;(身体、精神)垮掉;坍塌,崩溃;(谈判、计划等)失败,破裂;(化学)分解
break off折断;突然停止

单句填空
①A neighbour asked for the music to be turned down and the party broke
　　　　?.?
②After a fire broke 　　　　　in the lab,a lot of equipment was damaged.?
③We were downloading learning materials when our computer broke
　　　　　.?
④Don’t break 　　　　　when he is telling his own story.?
⑤Hearing the exciting news,she put down the book and broke 　　　a smile.?
up
out　
down
in
into