人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Language points 课件(共60张PPT)

(共60张PPT)
join sth
2. of one’s day
3.be ready for act on
4. full of vigor
5. apply to do
6. turn sb. down
7. be enthusiastic about
sustain life
8. go aboard+交通工具
9. assign sb. to do sth.
Underline the phrases and find out their meanings.
10. be stuck in
11. well and truly = completely
12. keep one’s spirits up
13. . be camped
14. be interrupted by
15. decent food
16. a rush of
17. hold on
18. fill sb. with sth.
参与（活动）
2.某人所处的时代
3.为…作准备
4.充满活力
5.申请做…
6.拒绝某人
7.热衷于…; 对…充满热情
8.乘坐交通工具
9.布置某人做…
Underline the phrases and find out their meanings.
10.被困在；陷入
11.完全地
12.使某人振作
13.扎营
14.被…打扰
15.可口的食物
16.一阵…
17.等一等；坚持住；继续
18.使某人充满…
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow' s diary entries.
join sth 参与（活动）
join (with) sb. in doing sth.
2. of one’s day 某人所处的时代
of the day 当时
3. an honour 一件引以为荣的是/一个引以为荣的人
类似：a beauty, a success, a failure, a surprise, a pride
4. Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries. 是完全倒装句。
Gone are the days when Chinese used oil lamps.
Such was Einstein, a famous but simple man.
31 October 1914
… Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton —this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
It (so) happened that ...碰巧；恰好；正巧。It作形式主语的固定句型。
It happens that his sister is a close friend of mine.
碰巧她姐姐是我的一个好朋友。
sb. happened to do sth. 某人碰巧做…
sth. happened to sb. 某事发生在某人身上
so: 用于向人们表达一件事是如何发生的，常用于故事叙述的开头或结尾。
2. have been doing 现在完成进行时，表示一直以来，可能刚停止，可能还在进行。
31 October 1914
… Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton —this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
be ready for 为…作准备
= get prepared for/ make preparations for
2. full of vigor 充满活力
3. apply to do 申请做…
apply to sb. 向某人申请
4. turn sb. down 拒绝某人
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job， but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten， then you will be the first! ”He assigned me to be a steward， and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men， three times a day.
How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
be enthusiastic about 热衷于…; 对…充满热情
go aboard+交通工具
offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供…
assign sb. to do sth. 布置某人做…
serve meals 供应食物
How….! 感叹句
21 Nov,1915
The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
Before we abandoned the ship. Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies ---the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
be stuck in 被困在；陷入
well and truly = completely 完全地
supplies 物资；日用(必须)品
medical/ school/ cleaning supplies 医疗/学习/清洁用品
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies ---the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
This was no time to panic. 这不是害怕的时候。
be allowed to do 被允许做……
keep one’s spirits up 使某人振作
spirit: (pl.) 心境；情绪；兴致 in good/ high/ low spirits
[U] 精神；心灵；决心
4. be camped 扎营
20 May;1916
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rock shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1, 320 kilometres away---the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats. If Shackleton fails, will we have any hope of rescue No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here.
make it 成功
I feel low. It's cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days and my mothers face . However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air.
low = unhappy 不高兴的
decent food 可口的食物
be interrupted by 被…打扰
a rush of 一阵…
I shouted, “ Shut the door!”
“Hold on now, Perce. Don’t you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. “We’ve caught another penguin, so it’s penguin soup tonight!”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-lees!
Don’t you go…祈使句，你可不要……
came the reply, 倒装句， 常出现在描绘人物对话的情节中，其目的是为了是叙述更连贯、生动。
“You are very much older than I am,” said Winston.
Without Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home， after all.
without …含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
Without air, there would be no living things.
如果没有空气，就没有生命。
Without your help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much.
没有你的帮助，我就不会取得这么大的成就。
fill sb. with sth. 使某人充满…
be filled with be full of
3. we will return home 是同位语从句，省略了that 引导。
课文填空
21 Nov,1915
The journey has not been easy. Endurance became s in the ice as we a Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and t stuck! We saw the ship get c by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
Before we a the ship. Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to r our most essential s ---the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to p . We were not allowed to take most of our personal b , and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our s up.
We are now c on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to m .
课文填空
21 Nov,1915
The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
Before we abandoned the ship. Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies ---the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies ---the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
1. small wages…
wage n. regular (usu weekly) payment made or received for work or services 工资 (通常指安周领的)
a wage increase of 3% 3%的加薪(= a wage rise of 3%)
wage cuts 减薪
a very low/ high wage非常低/高的工资
wage demands/ claims 工资要求
wage settlements 工资和解协议
agree to a voluntary wage freeze 同意自愿冻结工资
eg The smaller shops pay very low wages.
salary, wage, pay, income
词条 不同点
salary 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金。
wage 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。
pay 指工资、薪水。
income 指收入、收益、所得。
【语境应用】用salary/wage/pay/income完成句子。
1) We expect a fair day’s _______ for a fair day’s work.
2) The president’s _______ is $200, 000 a year.
3) He doesn’t like the job, but the ________ is good.
4) The cost of living is now so high that you need to earn a good ________ just to keep your head above water.
wage
salary
pay
income
2. …Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。
It happens that … 碰巧……
eg It happens that his elder sister is a good friend of mine.
It chances that … (=It happens that…) 碰巧……
Sb happen(s) to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事。
Sth happened to sb 某事发生在某人身上。
eg It chanced that the winter of that year was a severe one.
She happened to have just finished reading the book.
Something unexpected must have happened to him if he didn’t turn up the party.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) You ________________ (碰巧出去了) when I came to your house.
2) _____________________ (碰巧) he had to be present at a meeting.
3) It’s the best thing that has ever ______________________ (发生在我身上).
happened to be out
It (so) happened that
happened to me
3. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because…
turn sb. down：① refuse to accept; reject 拒绝某人
② reduce in speed or volume 调低，关小
eg How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months
Please turn the radio down. I am trying to sleep．
【语境应用】用含turn的短语的正确形式填空。
1) His request for a pay rise was _________ _________.
2) With no one to ___________ for help, she felt quite sad.
3) Though it looked like rain this morning, it has ____________ to be a fine day.
4) She was ____________ from the door. She couldn’t come in.
5) She was disappointed to find her suggestions ____________.
6) Don’t ___________ the computer before closing all programs, or you could have problems.
turned
turn to
turned out
turned away
down
turned down
turn off
turn短语
turn up 调大，开大(音量等)；突然露面
turn away 走开; 转身; 不让……进入
turn out 结果是……
turn to 求助于；致力于；翻倒; 转向(to是介词)
turn into 变成
turn over 移交; 翻身; 使翻转
turn on/off 开/关(电视、灯、水、煤气等)
turn in 上交(物品)
4. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship…
enthusiastic adj. having or showing intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval 热情的，热心的
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对做某事热心
eg He doesn’t know much about this subject, but he’s very enthusiastic.
enthusiastically adv. 热心地；满腔热情地
enthusiasm n. 热情，热爱的事物
enthusiast n. 热心者；爱好者
with (great) enthusiasm （非常）热情地
full of enthusiasm 充满热情
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Jenny suggested our going on an outing to the countryside, but the rest didn’t sound __________________ (对……感兴趣) the idea.
2) This detective ___________________ (对……感兴趣) looking into unexplained cases.
enthusiastic about
is enthusiastic about
aboard adv.& prep. on a ship, train, plane 在(飞机、火车、船)上
go aboard a/the ship 上船
eg After five hours of waiting, they finally went aboard the ship.
【形近比较】
a+ board (n. 木板) → aboard adv. & prep. 在(船、飞机、公共汽车等)上；上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
a + broad (adj. 宽阔的) → abroad adv.在国外；到国外
词条 不同点
aboard 通常接较大型的交通工具，如 aboard a plane/ train/ ship/ bus等。
on 可接较大型的交通工具，自行车除外，如 on a bus, on one’s bike。
in 常接小型的交通工具，如 in a car。
aboard/ on/ in
【语境应用】选词填空(aboard/ abroad)。
1) Don’t bank on going __________ this summer. We may not have enough money.
2) The president went __________ the plane under the protection of several security guards.
abroad
aboard
5. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered.
set off ① start a journey 出发
② cause (a bomb, mine, etc) to explode 使爆炸
③ causes it to start happening 引发
eg Having said farewell to their friends, they set off for home.
Any movement could have set off the bomb.
If he attended a party without his wife and children, it set off a storm of speculation (猜疑).
set短语
set up 设置；建立；设立
set down 让某人下车；写下
set about 着手做
set out 启程；开始工作
set apart 使分离，使分开
set aside 放在一边，节省、保留(钱或时间)
set free 释放
set an example to 为……树立榜样
【语境应用】用set短语完成句子。
1) If you really want to see the movie, we’d better ________ for the cinema now.
2) Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 ________ her business Alice Candy.
3) They ________ the task of creating a new Web site.
4) After the Civil War, the Southern slaves were ________.
set off
set up
set about
set free
6. He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
assign vt. ① to give a particular job or piece of work to someone 分派，布置
② say that it is for their use 分配
assign sb sth = assign sth. to sb. 分配给某人某物
assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某一项工作
assign sth to sth 确认……
assign sb/sth as 认为……是
eg The teacher has assigned each of us a holiday task.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) My teacher assigned me _________ (write) an essay about the reform and opening-up policy of China.
2) It is wise to _____________________ (安排特别的练习) to the weaker students.
3) They had __________________________ (指派人监视我) twenty- four hours a day.
4) We cannot ____________________ (确定……的确切年代) these ruins.
to write
assign special exercises
assigned someone watch me
assign an exact date to
7. How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have ben to!
envy vt. to wish that you had something that another person has 羡慕；嫉妒
envy sb sth 嫉妒/ 羡慕某人有某物
envy sb doing sth 羡慕/ 嫉妒某人做某事
eg How I envy you. I wish I could make my hair curl like that.
He will have a chance of visiting Guilin. We all envy him his good fortune.
Some countries envied us relying mainly on our own efforts in building our country.
envy n. the feeling that you wish you had something that someone else has 羡慕；嫉妒
with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
be the envy of 是令……嫉妒/ 羡慕的对象
out of envy 出于嫉妒
eg All the girls at the dance watched her with envy when she danced with the prince.
His new house was the envy of all his friends.
Her attitude toward him was out of envy.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) The kids stared at Claire’s parrot and tortoise ___________ (羡慕地)
2) They only say such unkind things about you ____________ (出于嫉妒).
3) To be honest, we all _________________ (羡慕他的天赋) in literature.
4) They ____________________________ (羡慕她打破了纪录) of the 100-metre race.
with envy
out of envy
envied him his talent
envied her breaking the record
8. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica.
approach vt.&vi come near; move towards 靠近，接近
deal with 处理，对付
n. near; way 靠近，接近 ; 方式，方法
an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法
eg Our approach frightened the birds.
They have a new approach to teaching languages.
It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way.
As you approach the town the first building you see is the post office.
【语境应用】判断approach的词性及含义。
New college life is approaching. I’m glad to hear that there will be six clubs for me to join. ____________
The training of the employees was suggested as one approach to dealing with the problem of low efficiency.
____________
3) I’ll approach the customers’ complaints in a few minutes. _____________
v. 接近，靠近
n. 方法
v. 解决，处理
表达“方法、方式”
in a(n) … manner 用…方法
in this way 通过这种方式
by means of 借助…手段，依靠…方法
the method of doing sth. (做)某事的方法
with this method 通过这种方法
the approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/方式
9. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
sink vi. ① go down under the surface of a liquid or soft substance 沉没，下沉
② move (sth) downwards下降
vt. to (cause something or someone to) go down below the surface or to the bottom of a liquid or soft substance 使下沉，使沉没
be sunk in sth 陷入不快(或沉思)中
eg The ship struck the rocks and sank.
His heart sank at the thought.
She just sat there, sunk in thought.
The enemy sank a merchant ship. It sank with the loss of 200 lives.
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) A fresh egg _________ (sink) and an old egg will float.
2) The Titanic was a passenger ship which _________ (sink) to the bottom of the ocean in 1912.
3) The mother, along with her two children, was rescued from the ________ (sink) boat by a passing ship.
will sink
sank/ sunk
sinking
10. Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies…
abandon vt. to leave a place, thing or person forever 抛弃；舍弃；放弃
n. complete lack of inhibition or restraint
放任，放纵
abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于(某种情感)
abandon… for… 为……而放弃
with abandon 放纵地；恣意地
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，被放弃的
eg We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way.
He abandoned studying abroad because of his father’s illness.
Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed.
The chairman determined to abandon the project for the development of the whole company.
The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with is wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost __________ (abandon)．
2) Bad customs and laws ought to ____________ (abandon), since they are inappropriate for the development of the society.
3) In his early days he ________________________________ (弃医从文).
4) After divorcing her husband, she ________________________ (陷入了绝望).
abandoned
be abandoned
abandoned medicine for literature
abandoned herself to despair
11. Without Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now.
本句是隐含条件的虚拟语气。
eg Without your support and encouragement, I would not have succeeded.
在虚拟语气中，隐含条件是指该句不直接使用if, as if或if only等表示条件的连词，而是用单词、短语、分词、从句或上下文关系来间接地表示。隐含条件有多种形式：
(1) 介词短语暗示
eg But for the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board.
With more money and time, we could have done it better.
(2) 分词短语暗示
eg Given more time and money, he could have done better than what it is now.
(3) 连词暗示
eg He can’t be ill, or he wouldn’t have come.
I’m lucky that I’m interested in schoolwork, otherwise I’d go mad.
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she ______________ (not leave) the meeting so early.
2) Under such circumstances I ________________ (make) the same mistake.
3) I _________________ (help) you, but I was too busy.
4) I don’t think it is an example of bad writing myself, otherwise I ___________ (agree) with Levis.
wouldn’t have left
would have made
would have helped
would agree
12. Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
resolve vi.&vt. ① to make a decision formally or with determination 决定；决心
② to solve or end a problem or difficulty
解决（问题困难）
n. strong determination 决心；坚定的信念
resolution n. 决心
eg The difficulties in her way merely strengthened her resolve.
He resolved not to tell her the truth.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) We must find a way to ___________________ (解决这些问题) before it’s too late.
2) She __________________________ (决定汇报这件事情) to the hospital’s nursing supervisor.
3) __________________ (他们决定) they would completely settle the dispute between the two countries.
resolve these problems
resolved to report the matter
They resolved that
steward, envy, vigor, crush, bitter
Match the word with the correct definition.
unpleasantly cold; a strong taste without sugar
physical/mental energy and determination
person whose job is to serve food and drinks to passengers on a plane/ship
to wish that you had someone else’s possessions, abilities etc.
to press sth. so hard that it breaks or is damaged
bitter
vigor
steward
envy
crush
genuine, decent, voyage, sink, perseverance, belongings
to go down below the surface of sth.
the things you own
to travel to a place, especially by ship
following moral standards; of a good enough standard or quality
a feeling that you really feel, not one you pretend to feel; something genuine really is what it seems to be
determination to keep trying to achieve something in spite of difficulties – use this to show approval
sink
belongings
voyage
decent
genuine
perseverance