外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 6 Earth First 词汇课件(共57张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 6 Earth First 词汇课件(共57张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-21 11:49:26 | ||
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(共57张PPT)
保护地球
保护我们的家园
Earth first
Book 2 Unit 6 Understanding ideas
shark
音译词“鲨鱼”
scare
近义词：frighten；
派生词：scary, scared (分词形容词)
词块：scare … away / off
due to
= because of
eg. The game was canceled due to bad weather.
fin
dive
一词多义：基本义“向下冲”
隐喻：具体的“跳水” → 抽象的“冲向；俯冲”
词块：dive into, go diving；
派生词：diver
target
隐喻：具体的“靶子（目标）”→ 抽象的“目标（靶子）”
词块：set a target
achieve / realize one’s target
target audience
名词动词化：be targeted at
fortunately
fortunate + -ly；
同义词 luckily，句子副词
词族：fortune
fortunate,
fortunately
unfortunate
unfortunately
extinction
extinct (adj 灭绝的) + -tion
词块：be in danger of /be on the edge of extinction
attitude
Attitude is everything.
态度决定一切。
attitude
① 态度；看法：
have / take / adopt a positive attitude
Everything depends on people’s attitude.
Attitude is everything.
attitude to / toward(s):
We should develop a good attitude to life.
② 姿势：
He knelt in an attitude of prayer.
devote
一个人应该尽可能早地设定自己的目标，并且倾其精力和才能实现它。
华特 迪士尼（Walt Disney，1901年12月5日—1966年12月15日），出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥，美国著名的动画大师、企业家、导演、制片人、编剧、配音演员、卡通设计者、举世闻名的迪士尼公司创始人。华特 迪士尼获得了56个奥斯卡奖提名和7个艾美奖，是世界上获得奥斯卡奖最多的人。
devote
① 把……用于；致力于；献身于：
Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild homes.
She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.
devote oneself to 献身于；致力于；专心于：
If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
写作同义异构：除了devote oneself to你还能想到哪些表示“专注于/ 致力于做某事”的表达？
be lost in
focus on
be absorbed in
be involved in
be engaged in
concentrate on
【词汇拓展】
devoted adj 挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的：
Her son, to whom she was so devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
devotion n [U] 献身；忠诚；热爱；专心：
devotion to duty
I respected his devotion to teaching.
ocean
英式英语用sea
美式英语用ocean
highlight
high + light
原为绘画术语，即最明亮的部分，后引申为“做标记、强调”
cruelty
cruel (adj 残忍的) + -ty (名词后缀)
反义词：kindness
hunting
hunt (v 打猎) + -ing
词块：go hunting
词族：hunt
hunter
hunting
presentation
present + -ation；
词块：give a presentation
reserve v.
① 保留；保存；储备：
These seats are reserved for special guests.
If you order after that, we reserve the right to either
accept or reject order requests.
I’ll reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence.
② 预订 (book)：
reserve a room / ticket
【词汇拓展】
reserve n.
① [C] [常用复数] 储备：
oil / gold reserves
② [C] (野生动植物的) 保护区：
This coastal area was named a national wildlife reserve last year.
【词汇拓展】
reservation n
① [C] & [U] 保留；异议：
I accept your statement without reservation (= completely).
② [C] (旅馆房间、剧院座位等的) 预订：
I’ll call the restaurant to make a reservation.
staff
精准的汉语释义“全体职工”，作主语时谓语动词用复数
establish
创业
start / set up
a business
establish a business
establish
① 建立；创立；设立 (set up)：
establish contact / a relationship with
The company was established in 1980.
【辨析】
establish 公司、机构等（正式用语）
set up 公司、机构等（日常用语）
found 公司、机构等 （强调提供资金）
open 商店、餐馆、旅馆等（服务性质）
establish
② 确立；立足；得到认可：
By 1909, Picasso had established himself as a painter of great talent in Paris.
By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.
This novel established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America’s greatest writers.
established adj 已确立的；确定的：
an established fact
an established company
分词形容词（表示动作已完成），如advanced, developed, learned等
辨析damage, destroy, ruin
damage和destroy可谓是形影不离的好朋友，想表达“遭到破坏”到底用哪个词才对呢？我们先来看一篇学生习作。
damage n.
① [U] 损害；损坏；损失：
He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage.
do / cause damage to
The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years.
② [C] [复数] 损害赔偿金：
He was ordered to pay damages of $30,000.
damage vt.
■ 损害；损坏：(名词动化）
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
侧重 “损”，可修复
destroy vt (必修一 Unit 6)
① 毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists：
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
② 消灭；杀死：
The dog attacked a child and had to be destroyed.
“被雨水毁了的头发”，用哪个词呢？
The rain ruined my hair.
头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
ruin
① 糟蹋；(完全地) 毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.：
Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.
② 使破产 to make sb lose all his / her money：
If she loses the court case it will ruin her.
n
① [U] 毁灭；破产：
the ruin of civilization
financial ruin
② [C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余：
the ruins of Rome
in ruins 成废墟；严重受损
小结
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分damage, destroy和ruin。
◆ damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配；
◆ destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和completely、entirely等副词搭配；
◆ ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。
drought
词根：dry
flood n.
① [C] & [U] 洪水；水灾：
The river was in flood.
Police have issued flood warnings.
② [C] 大批；大量：
floods of rain
A simple click can bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games.
flood v.
① vi & vt (被) 淹没；(使) 泛滥：
Heavy rainfalls flooded the village.
② vi (洪水般地) 涌进：
Individual e-mail boxes are sometimes flooded with spam e-mails.
When we visited my old family home, memory came flooding back.
flooded adj 洪水泛滥的
flooding n [U] 水灾；洪水泛滥
同义异构：pour
affect
affect vt.
① 影响 to influence sb / sth：(基本义）
With the government’s aid, those (who were) affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
affect vt.
② [常用于被动语态] 使感动；打动：
She was deeply affected by the story.
③使感染 (疾病) ：
Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.
词语辨析
affect / effect
affect（动词）= to have an influence on sb / sth；影响某人 / 某事：
Does television affect children’s behaviour
effect（名词）= result, influence；作用；影响：
Does television have an effect on children’s behaviour
supply
water supply
gas supply
electricity supply
supply n.
① [C] 供应量；补给量：
There was a plentiful supply of cheap labour.
Water is in short supply.
②［复数］生活必需品；补给品：
school / medical / relief supplies
③[U] 供应；供给：
supply and demand
cut off the electricity supply
■ vt 供给；供应；提供：
supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth:
The media supplies lots of information to us every day.
restore
re- (back 回) + store (储存) → 重新放回储存 → 恢复、修复
adopt
① 收养；领养
adopt a child领养孩子
② 采用；采纳
adopt suggestions 采纳建议
sustainable
sustain (v 维持) + -able → 可持续的
词块：sustainable development
bulb
词块：a 60-watt bulb
energy-saving / energy-efficient bulbs
renewable
re- + new + -able
词块：renewable energy / resources
carbon
词块：carbon dioxide (CO2)
low-carbon lifestyle
carbon footprint
greenhouse
green + house
词块：greenhouse effect
reusable
re + use + -able
V.S.
brochure
reduce
零浪费 5R 原则
拒绝 (refuse) 你不需要的东西
减少 (reduce) 需要的物品
重复使用 (reuse) 现有的物品
回收利用 (recycle) 无法使用的物品
分解 (rot) 不可回收物品
redu ce
vt & vi 缩减；减少：
The price has been reduced from $10 to $8.
Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%.
reduce to［常用于被动语态］使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落：
She was reduced to tears by their cruel words.
There lay my house, reduced to ruins, smelly and dirty.
【词汇拓展】
reduction n [C] & [U] 缩减；减少：
strategies for noise reduction
solar
词块：solar energy / power
release
Dune: Part Two（《沙丘2》）was released on 3 March, 2024. The movie’s ticket sales added up to 3.67 billion dollars on, just 10 days after its release.
release
① 放开；松开：
Don’t release the rope.
② 释放；排放 ：
release a prisoner
The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.
release
③ 首映（电影）；发行（CD、书等）；发布（新闻等）：
release a movie / new version
④ 发泄；宣泄 ：
Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.
⑤ 解雇
保护地球
保护我们的家园
Thank you !
保护地球
保护我们的家园
Earth first
Book 2 Unit 6 Understanding ideas
shark
音译词“鲨鱼”
scare
近义词：frighten；
派生词：scary, scared (分词形容词)
词块：scare … away / off
due to
= because of
eg. The game was canceled due to bad weather.
fin
dive
一词多义：基本义“向下冲”
隐喻：具体的“跳水” → 抽象的“冲向；俯冲”
词块：dive into, go diving；
派生词：diver
target
隐喻：具体的“靶子（目标）”→ 抽象的“目标（靶子）”
词块：set a target
achieve / realize one’s target
target audience
名词动词化：be targeted at
fortunately
fortunate + -ly；
同义词 luckily，句子副词
词族：fortune
fortunate,
fortunately
unfortunate
unfortunately
extinction
extinct (adj 灭绝的) + -tion
词块：be in danger of /be on the edge of extinction
attitude
Attitude is everything.
态度决定一切。
attitude
① 态度；看法：
have / take / adopt a positive attitude
Everything depends on people’s attitude.
Attitude is everything.
attitude to / toward(s):
We should develop a good attitude to life.
② 姿势：
He knelt in an attitude of prayer.
devote
一个人应该尽可能早地设定自己的目标，并且倾其精力和才能实现它。
华特 迪士尼（Walt Disney，1901年12月5日—1966年12月15日），出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥，美国著名的动画大师、企业家、导演、制片人、编剧、配音演员、卡通设计者、举世闻名的迪士尼公司创始人。华特 迪士尼获得了56个奥斯卡奖提名和7个艾美奖，是世界上获得奥斯卡奖最多的人。
devote
① 把……用于；致力于；献身于：
Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild homes.
She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.
devote oneself to 献身于；致力于；专心于：
If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
写作同义异构：除了devote oneself to你还能想到哪些表示“专注于/ 致力于做某事”的表达？
be lost in
focus on
be absorbed in
be involved in
be engaged in
concentrate on
【词汇拓展】
devoted adj 挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的：
Her son, to whom she was so devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
devotion n [U] 献身；忠诚；热爱；专心：
devotion to duty
I respected his devotion to teaching.
ocean
英式英语用sea
美式英语用ocean
highlight
high + light
原为绘画术语，即最明亮的部分，后引申为“做标记、强调”
cruelty
cruel (adj 残忍的) + -ty (名词后缀)
反义词：kindness
hunting
hunt (v 打猎) + -ing
词块：go hunting
词族：hunt
hunter
hunting
presentation
present + -ation；
词块：give a presentation
reserve v.
① 保留；保存；储备：
These seats are reserved for special guests.
If you order after that, we reserve the right to either
accept or reject order requests.
I’ll reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence.
② 预订 (book)：
reserve a room / ticket
【词汇拓展】
reserve n.
① [C] [常用复数] 储备：
oil / gold reserves
② [C] (野生动植物的) 保护区：
This coastal area was named a national wildlife reserve last year.
【词汇拓展】
reservation n
① [C] & [U] 保留；异议：
I accept your statement without reservation (= completely).
② [C] (旅馆房间、剧院座位等的) 预订：
I’ll call the restaurant to make a reservation.
staff
精准的汉语释义“全体职工”，作主语时谓语动词用复数
establish
创业
start / set up
a business
establish a business
establish
① 建立；创立；设立 (set up)：
establish contact / a relationship with
The company was established in 1980.
【辨析】
establish 公司、机构等（正式用语）
set up 公司、机构等（日常用语）
found 公司、机构等 （强调提供资金）
open 商店、餐馆、旅馆等（服务性质）
establish
② 确立；立足；得到认可：
By 1909, Picasso had established himself as a painter of great talent in Paris.
By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.
This novel established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America’s greatest writers.
established adj 已确立的；确定的：
an established fact
an established company
分词形容词（表示动作已完成），如advanced, developed, learned等
辨析damage, destroy, ruin
damage和destroy可谓是形影不离的好朋友，想表达“遭到破坏”到底用哪个词才对呢？我们先来看一篇学生习作。
damage n.
① [U] 损害；损坏；损失：
He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage.
do / cause damage to
The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years.
② [C] [复数] 损害赔偿金：
He was ordered to pay damages of $30,000.
damage vt.
■ 损害；损坏：(名词动化）
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
侧重 “损”，可修复
destroy vt (必修一 Unit 6)
① 毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists：
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
② 消灭；杀死：
The dog attacked a child and had to be destroyed.
“被雨水毁了的头发”，用哪个词呢？
The rain ruined my hair.
头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
ruin
① 糟蹋；(完全地) 毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.：
Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.
② 使破产 to make sb lose all his / her money：
If she loses the court case it will ruin her.
n
① [U] 毁灭；破产：
the ruin of civilization
financial ruin
② [C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余：
the ruins of Rome
in ruins 成废墟；严重受损
小结
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分damage, destroy和ruin。
◆ damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配；
◆ destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和completely、entirely等副词搭配；
◆ ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。
drought
词根：dry
flood n.
① [C] & [U] 洪水；水灾：
The river was in flood.
Police have issued flood warnings.
② [C] 大批；大量：
floods of rain
A simple click can bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games.
flood v.
① vi & vt (被) 淹没；(使) 泛滥：
Heavy rainfalls flooded the village.
② vi (洪水般地) 涌进：
Individual e-mail boxes are sometimes flooded with spam e-mails.
When we visited my old family home, memory came flooding back.
flooded adj 洪水泛滥的
flooding n [U] 水灾；洪水泛滥
同义异构：pour
affect
affect vt.
① 影响 to influence sb / sth：(基本义）
With the government’s aid, those (who were) affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
affect vt.
② [常用于被动语态] 使感动；打动：
She was deeply affected by the story.
③使感染 (疾病) ：
Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.
词语辨析
affect / effect
affect（动词）= to have an influence on sb / sth；影响某人 / 某事：
Does television affect children’s behaviour
effect（名词）= result, influence；作用；影响：
Does television have an effect on children’s behaviour
supply
water supply
gas supply
electricity supply
supply n.
① [C] 供应量；补给量：
There was a plentiful supply of cheap labour.
Water is in short supply.
②［复数］生活必需品；补给品：
school / medical / relief supplies
③[U] 供应；供给：
supply and demand
cut off the electricity supply
■ vt 供给；供应；提供：
supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth:
The media supplies lots of information to us every day.
restore
re- (back 回) + store (储存) → 重新放回储存 → 恢复、修复
adopt
① 收养；领养
adopt a child领养孩子
② 采用；采纳
adopt suggestions 采纳建议
sustainable
sustain (v 维持) + -able → 可持续的
词块：sustainable development
bulb
词块：a 60-watt bulb
energy-saving / energy-efficient bulbs
renewable
re- + new + -able
词块：renewable energy / resources
carbon
词块：carbon dioxide (CO2)
low-carbon lifestyle
carbon footprint
greenhouse
green + house
词块：greenhouse effect
reusable
re + use + -able
V.S.
brochure
reduce
零浪费 5R 原则
拒绝 (refuse) 你不需要的东西
减少 (reduce) 需要的物品
重复使用 (reuse) 现有的物品
回收利用 (recycle) 无法使用的物品
分解 (rot) 不可回收物品
redu ce
vt & vi 缩减；减少：
The price has been reduced from $10 to $8.
Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%.
reduce to［常用于被动语态］使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落：
She was reduced to tears by their cruel words.
There lay my house, reduced to ruins, smelly and dirty.
【词汇拓展】
reduction n [C] & [U] 缩减；减少：
strategies for noise reduction
solar
词块：solar energy / power
release
Dune: Part Two（《沙丘2》）was released on 3 March, 2024. The movie’s ticket sales added up to 3.67 billion dollars on, just 10 days after its release.
release
① 放开；松开：
Don’t release the rope.
② 释放；排放 ：
release a prisoner
The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.
release
③ 首映（电影）；发行（CD、书等）；发布（新闻等）：
release a movie / new version
④ 发泄；宣泄 ：
Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.
⑤ 解雇
保护地球
保护我们的家园
Thank you !